Готові списки джерел за темами / Voucher Work

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Voucher Work"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Voucher Work"

1

Neal, Derek. "How Vouchers Could Change the Market for Education." Journal of Economic Perspectives 16, no. 4 (November 1, 2002): 25–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/089533002320950966.

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As vouchers become a more significant part of education policy debates, the time is right to consider what we know and do not know about the likely effects of adopting various voucher schemes. In the balance of this paper, the author describes both empirical and theoretical work on education that speaks to this topic. He argues that we cannot confidently predict the outcomes that would result from various voucher schemes, and he also stresses that debates over vouchers per se are not informative. Details concerning funding, targeting and discretion in the use of vouchers should greatly affect the outcomes associated with any
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2

Epple, Dennis, Richard E. Romano, and Miguel Urquiola. "School Vouchers: A Survey of the Economics Literature." Journal of Economic Literature 55, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 441–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.20150679.

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We review the theoretical, computational, and empirical research on school vouchers, with a focus on the latter. Our assessment is that the evidence to date is not sufficient to warrant recommending that vouchers be adopted on a widespread basis; however, multiple positive findings support continued exploration. Specifically, the empirical research on small-scale programs does not suggest that awarding students a voucher is a systematically reliable way to improve educational outcomes, and some detrimental effects have been found. Nevertheless, in some settings, or for some subgroups or outcomes, vouchers can have a substantial positive effect on those who use them. Studies of large-scale voucher programs find student sorting as a result of their implementation, although of varying magnitude. Evidence on both small-scale and large-scale programs suggests that competition induced by vouchers leads public schools to improve. Moreover, research is making progress on understanding how vouchers may be designed to limit adverse effects from sorting, while preserving positive effects related to competition. Finally, our sense is that work originating in a single case (e.g., a given country) or in a single research approach (e.g., experimental designs) will not provide a full understanding of voucher effects; fairly wide-ranging empirical and theoretical work will be necessary to make progress. (JEL H52, H75, I21, I22, I28, O15)
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3

Oberlander, Jonathan. "Remaking Medicare: The Voucher Myth." International Journal of Health Services 28, no. 1 (January 1998): 29–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/8d0t-4xdw-am8t-6wcq.

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There is growing enthusiasm for transforming Medicare into a voucher system. Advocates claim vouchers would increase the health care choices available to Medicare beneficiaries, reduce the regulatory burden on the federal government, and promote the benefits of fair market competition. In addition, some analysts contend vouchers are the only feasible solution to Medicare's short-term financing problems and the long-term “crisis” of the retirement of the baby-boom generation. The author argues against these claims. Vouchers would not work as advertised by proponents because of the limitations of risk-adjustment methods and unrealistic assumptions about consumer choice. Moreover, the elderly and disabled Medicare population is ill-suited to cope in a competitive insurance system. Implementation of vouchers would therefore pose a threat to both the health of beneficiaries and the stability of the Medicare program. The implications of this analysis for Medicare reform are discussed.
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4

Solari, Claudia D., Douglas Walton, and Jill Khadduri. "How Well Do Housing Vouchers Work for Black Families Experiencing Homelessness?: Evidence from the Family Options Study." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 693, no. 1 (January 2021): 193–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716221996678.

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We investigate whether racial disparities exist among homeless families with priority access to the Housing Choice Voucher (HCV) program. The families we studied moved from emergency shelter into subsidized housing and sometimes left the HCV program, and our results suggest that the HCV program works as well for Black families as it does for White families. The rates at which families used the vouchers to lease a housing unit are similarly high for each group. The rate at which families exit from the HCV program does not differ between White and Black families, but the factors that predict exit do differ by race. For all families, access to a voucher reduces returns to homelessness, doubling up, and moving. These results confirm that in the United States—a country with a history of racial disparities in housing—the HCV program can help alleviate the effects of severe poverty and provide housing opportunities that advantage both White and Black families.
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Mousaid, Sarah, Kelly Huegaerts, Kim Bosmans, Mireia Julià, Joan Benach, and Christophe Vanroelen. "The Quality of Work in the Belgian Service Voucher System." International Journal of Health Services 47, no. 1 (November 4, 2016): 40–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020731416677478.

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Several European countries implemented initiatives to boost the growth of the domestic cleaning sector. Few studies investigated the quality of work in these initiatives, although effects on workers’ health and on social health inequalities can be expected. This study contributes to the scant research on this subject, by investigating the quality of work in the Belgian service voucher system – a subsidized system for domestic work. The applied research methodology includes a qualitative content analysis of parliamentary debates, legislation and previous research about the service voucher system and of 40 in-depth interviews with service voucher workers. The study shows that the legal framework that regulates the system must be further enhanced in order to improve the quality of work in the service voucher system. In addition, the actors involved must be better controlled, and sanctioned in case of non-compliance with legislation.
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Calo, William A., Evelyn Marin, Betsy Aumiller, Andrea Murray, Claire Baptiste, Madeline Bermudez, Laurie Crawford, Vicki DeLoatch, and Jennifer L. Kraschnewski. "Implementing Locally Tailored Strategies to Promote Redemption of Farmers’ Market Nutrition Program Vouchers Among WIC Participants in Central Pennsylvania." Health Promotion Practice 23, no. 1_suppl (November 2022): 100S—107S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15248399221112453.

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The Pennsylvania Farmers’ Market Nutrition Program (FMNP) provides vouchers to participants of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) to purchase locally grown fruits, vegetables (F&V), and herbs every year from June to November. Voucher redemption is suboptimal among WIC participants in Lebanon County, a community with high numbers of low-income and Hispanic families. Supported by a Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) award, our community–academic coalition partnered with the local WIC provider to implement locally tailored strategies to promote redemption of FMNP vouchers. In 2019, we surveyed FMNP participants ( n = 100) to examine opportunities for improved voucher redemption. Increasing sites for voucher use (47%) and a larger variety of F&V (27%) were the most commonly selected improvements participants identified. Participants also supported improvements to increase awareness of available seasonal produce (14%), text/phone reminders to redeem vouchers (13%), and having recipes to cook meals with FMNP-approved F&V (12%). These findings led us to implement a weekly, Farm-to-WIC “grab bag” program in 2020/2021. We partnered with a local farmer to offer a variety of FMNP-approved produce in $3 and $6 grab bags at the local WIC provider. Each grab bag included healthy recipes using the included produce. In 2021, we launched a text/phone reminder intervention to encourage voucher redemption among FMNP participants (n = 57). Our work demonstrates the value of community–academic partnerships to identify and implement feasible strategies that are responsive to local needs as well as supporting existing programs providing greater access to affordable produce.
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7

Vyas, Raju, and B. M. Parasharya. "Amphibian and Reptilian Inventories Augmented by Sampling at Heronries." Reptiles & Amphibians 23, no. 1 (April 1, 2016): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/randa.v23i1.14102.

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An alternate method for supporting amphibian and reptilian inventory was tested. This experimental method involved the collection of regurgitated food from water bird nestlings from a total of 10 heronries: four mixed-species and six single-species heronries in Gujarat State, India, during 1997 to 1999. We verified the presence of twelve species of amphibians, and twelve species of reptiles were recovered intact. Various methods are used to evaluate the diversity of amphibians and reptiles, many of which are resource-dependent in terms of both time and money (e.g., Heyer et al. 1994). The verification process in such diversity surveys generally requires the collection of voucher specimens for establishing the credibility of the work (Dubois and Nemesio 2007; Funk et al. 2005). Vouchers also facilitate further taxonomic studies and the identification of cryptic species, especially when species complexes occupy the area being surveyed. The collection of specimens requires permission from the appropriate government authority. Because relevant authorities in India are often hardcore believers of the philosophy of “Jiv Daya” (a Jainist concept involving compassion for all beings) and unaware of the need for voucher specimens, acquisition of permits to collect in protected areas (sanctuaries and national parks), even for studies of biodiversity and environmental assessments is extremely difficult. Even when permission for voucher collection is granted, strict time constraints are imposed. These render surveys of large areas almost impossible, particularly because vouchers ideally involve a series of specimens of various species (Goodman and Lanyon 1994) and collection methods often are very time consuming. Consequently, methods that are less time-consuming and less expensive are needed. Herein, we test one such alternative.
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8

Semigina, Tetyana, and Oksana Pozhidayeva. "THE VOUCHER PROGRAMME AS A CHALLENGE FOR SOCIAL WORK TEACHING." Advanced Education 5 (June 16, 2018): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2410-8286.110945.

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9

Blumenberg, Evelyn, and Gregory Pierce. "The Drive to Work." Journal of Planning Education and Research 37, no. 1 (July 9, 2016): 66–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739456x16633501.

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Transportation enables low-income individuals to find and travel to employment. This article analyzes the relationship between access to automobiles and public transit and employment outcomes of low-income households. We use longitudinal survey data from participants in the Welfare to Work Voucher Program, which was conducted in five US metropolitan areas between 1999 and 2005. Multinomial logistic regression shows that baseline access to automobiles has a strong positive relationship to follow-up employment but public transit access and receipt of housing assistance do not. Our findings suggest that enhancing car access will notably improve employment outcomes among very-low-income adults, but other assistance will have, at best, marginal effects.
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10

Cho, Soowon, Samantha W. Epstein, Kim Mitter, Chris A. Hamilton, David Plotkin, Charles Mitter, and Akito Y. Kawahara. "Preserving and vouchering butterflies and moths for large-scale museum-based molecular research." PeerJ 4 (June 22, 2016): e2160. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2160.

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Butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) comprise significant portions of the world’s natural history collections, but a standardized tissue preservation protocol for molecular research is largely lacking. Lepidoptera have traditionally been spread on mounting boards to display wing patterns and colors, which are often important for species identification. Many molecular phylogenetic studies have used legs from pinned specimens as the primary source for DNA in order to preserve a morphological voucher, but the amount of available tissue is often limited. Preserving an entire specimen in a cryogenic freezer is ideal for DNA preservation, but without an easily accessible voucher it can make specimen identification, verification, and morphological work difficult. Here we present a procedure that creates accessible and easily visualized “wing vouchers” of individual Lepidoptera specimens, and preserves the remainder of the insect in a cryogenic freezer for molecular research. Wings are preserved in protective holders so that both dorsal and ventral patterns and colors can be easily viewed without further damage. Our wing vouchering system has been implemented at the University of Maryland (AToL Lep Collection) and the University of Florida (Florida Museum of Natural History, McGuire Center of Lepidoptera and Biodiversity), which are among two of the largest Lepidoptera molecular collections in the world.
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Дисертації з теми "Voucher Work"

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Mahdavi, Pedram. "An evaluation of the Massachusetts Department of Housing and Community Development's Moving to Work voucher program." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/49871.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2009.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-87).
Since implementation nearly 10 years ago there has been limited research into the outcomes of the Massachusetts Department of Housing and Community Development's Moving to Work rental subsidy program. The Congressionally authorized Moving to Work Demonstration program (MtW) deregulated housing agencies in order to provide flexibility to design and test innovative approaches to administering housing assistance programs. In 1999, DHCD began planning and implementation for two MtW pilots, one in Boston, targeting the shelter population, and another in Southern Worcester County, targeting working or "work-ready" households. The current program design provides 183 clients with fixed shallow rental subsidy amounts, support budgets, time limits, and case management to encourage and facilitate self-sufficiency. Preparing to transition its full HCVP portfolio to MtW status, DHCD initiated a process of evaluation and learning focused on the pilots. These lessons, which involve data collection processes and program implementation as well as outcomes, will inform the future of the statewide MtW program. This research is a qualitative and quantitative assessment of both pilot programs. The research used available baseline and current client employment, income and locational data to determine how effective DHCD's MtW model was at facilitating self-sufficiency. Additionally, focus groups with MtW clients and interviews with administrators were conducted to understand the impact and effectiveness of the program from multiple perspectives.
(cont.) Using various poverty and self-sufficiency, measures, the research finds that, in general, the program has successfully kept clients out of "deep poverty" but has not moved them out of poverty. Hence, the program has fallen short on facilitating economic self-sufficiency. The paper concludes with a set of recommendations for DHCD's future implementation and expansion efforts.
by Pedram Mahdavi.
M.C.P.
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2

Alberto, Mazzon. "Essays on Non-Standard forms of Employment in Italy." Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1086076.

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Since the 1990s, there has been an increase in the number of workers employed in precarious or atypical jobs in Italy and many other industrialised countries. The term “non-standard jobs” encompasses contractual arrangements for work that is not full-time, indefinite, part of a subordinate bilateral employment relationship, or performed at the employer’s premises. This dissertation examines the impact of the rise in non-standard jobs on the Italian labour market and on the working conditions of those involved. Chapter 1 introduces the subject of study and the process that has led to the rise in non-standard forms of employment. The meaning of “standard employment” is explained and why the standard employment relationship (SER) became the most popular contractual arrangement in the 20th century. The economic and social processes that led to a crisis of SER and the consequent rise in non-standard employment are discussed. The chapter concludes by illustrating recent labour market trends, including the rise in gig-economy jobs: crowdwork and work on demand via apps, highlighting their similarities with more established forms of non-standard work. Chapter 2 analyses the wage differential between temporary and permanent workers in Italy. Using microdata from the 2012 wave of the Italian Survey on Income and Living Conditions, we apply an Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition and a Quantile Counterfactual Decomposition to investigate the composition of this wage gap. The results suggest that the pay gap is positive and tends to be wider in the left tail of the income distribution. In the whole sample, the differences in the distribution of personal characteristics in the two groups help explain the wage gap, however when we focus on younger and non-European workers, we notice that the wage gap is fully explained by differences in the coefficients associated with worker characteristics. Chapter 3 deals with voucher work, typically for very short-lived activities, a few hours of work, and a pay-as-you-go scheme. Voucher work shares many features with crowdwork and work on demand via apps. Based on administrative data on vouchers used in Tuscany between 2010 and 2017, we estimate the impact of a restrictive policy change regarding the spread of this instrument. To do so we first apply a sharp regression discontinuity design and then calculate a difference-in-differences estimator to compare the behaviour of private employers to that of employers in the public sector. The results of the two approaches are consistent and show a significant negative impact of the reform on the use of this instrument. Chapter 4 treats the effects of home-based telework on workers’ mental wellbeing. Using microdata from the 2013 wave of the Italian EU-Labour Force Survey and related ad-hoc module, we apply a multinomial logit and semiparametric estimation of multivalued treatment effects to achieve three main objectives: i) to investigate the characteristics of regular and occasional homeworkers; ii) to understand whether home-based teleworkers are more likely to suffer deterioration in mental well-being due to time pressure or work overload than office-based workers; iii) to calculate the difference in usual hours of work and usual overtime between the different groups. The results suggest that occasional home-based workers are more likely to suffer from time pressure and work overload, while regular home-based workers are associated with longer working hours than the other groups.
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Falk, Johansson Marcus. "All vård och omsorg av äldre personer ska vara av god kvalitet : Jakten på de svårfångade kvalitetsaspekterna i Stockholms stads valfrihetssystem." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Socialt arbete, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-35562.

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Välfärd, vård och omsorg var under en lång tid närmast synonymt med Sveriges nationalstatliga universella välfärdsmonopol fram tills slutet av 1980-talet. Välfärdsmonopol ersattes med välfärdspluralism och valfrihet. Genom konkurrens skulle utförare av socialtjänst bli effektiva och kvaliteten skulle öka. Men vad är kvalitet inom vård, omsorg och socialtjänst?   I två olika delstudier har äldreomsorg inom Stockholms stads valfrihetssystem system studerats. De två olika studierna bidrar tillsammans till att problematisera kvalitetsbegreppet utifrån institutionell organisations- och kvasimarknadsteori. Samtidigt ger studien en bild av hur olika regiform kan påverka den uppfattade kvaliteten.
For the majority of the 2000th century welfare and social services in Sweden were almost synonymous with the universalistic welfare-solutions provided by the nation state.  In the late 1980th and the early 1990th a dramatic change occurred through extensive market reforms the monopolistic welfare-solutions were challenged in favor for a pluralistic welfare market. A competitive welfare-market would increase efficiency and quality of services. But what is quality in welfare and social services? Through a two-part study, using in city of Stockholm as a case and institutional organizational theory and theories on quasi-markets this study has investigated and problematized quality in city of Stockholm’s special housing for the elderly voucher system.
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Teater, Barbra A. "Residential mobility and the Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher Program factors predicting mobility and the residential decision-making process of recipients /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1164641312.

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5

Tegeland, Emma. "Information om kundval, en förutsättning för valfriheten? : en studie av hur tre kommuner arbetar med informationsspridning om kundval inom hemtjänsten." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Social Work, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7365.

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This paper studies, from a client perspective, how three Swedish municipalities work with information about a voucher system in homecare. The paper is a qualitative study using structured informant interviews and analysis of documents. The interviewees are responsible of information about the voucher system in the municipalities. The studied documents describe and clarify the voucher system of the municipality. Neo-institutional organization theory is used to analyse the result. Existing research has showed how pensioners find information on the voucher systems lacking. The research also shows how care managers have difficulties relating to their new roles as information coordinators on the voucher system. With this background, the study focuses on examining how the municipalities work with and organises the information on the voucher system as well as how the responsibiliy of the information is handled. The result shows that the studied municipalities mainly deal with the issue from a market point of view, where the care providers are to be presented in a neutral way. However, one of the municipalities has reconsidered the principle of neutrality and works to clarify the information to the elders. All three municipalities place the responsibility of information on the care managers in their interaction with the elder. There is no further communication between the municipality and the elderly people in the form of client studies or fora of discussion and review of the information on the voucher system.

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Camargo, Magalhaes Beatriz. "Transformer le travail domestique ?Femmes migrantes et politique de formalisation à Bruxelles." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/228311.

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La problématique de cette thèse est celle de la formalisation du travail domestique. Au-delà de la mise en œuvre de la politique des titres-services, cette thèse ouvre le questionnement sur les possibilités et le limites de la professionnalisation d’une quelconque politique pour le travail domestique. Sur base de notre recherche qualitative, trois constats inédits émanent de nos résultats.Le premier constat inédit émerge de l’étude de la politique des titres-services et de sa mise en œuvre en Région bruxelloise. Celle-ci a montré que les entreprises agréées en titres-services ne veulent pas embaucher des chercheures d’emploi de longue durée, qu’elles associent aux "Belges" et au manque de motivation à travailler dans le secteur. Les entreprises cherchent principalement à engager des travailleuses migrantes avec expérience sur le marché au noir et qui, de préférence, amènent leur clientèle avec elles. Ces travailleuses sont plus autonomes et exigent très peu de travail de la part des entreprises de titres-services. Cette préférence de recrutement des entreprises agréées va jusqu’à mettre en place des pratiques d’évitement des circuits officiels d’offre d’emploi. Ce constat fait ressortir en outre l’importance des liens ethniques dans la formation du marché du travail domestique formel. Le deuxième constat inédit est le rôle de la régularité de séjour comme déterminant pour l’accès à une vraie transformation identitaire et l’émancipation des travailleuses domestiques migrantes, en opposition à l’accès à un travail formel. Être "migrante sans papiers" et les conséquences de ce (manque de) statut dans les sociétés d’accueil ont déjà été décrites par plusieurs auteurs (Andall 2000; Anderson 2000; Parreñas 2001; Lutz 2011; Ambrosini 2012; Schwenken & Heimeshoff 2013). Nos analyses démontrent, par la situation contraire du passage à la régularité de séjour et à la formalité du travail, que l’entrée dans le travail formel est incapable d’amener seule une vraie transformation identitaire. Ainsi, si du point de vue statutaire les travailleuses en titres-services ont expérimenté un type de reconnaissance par la fiche de paie, les droits sociaux et un salaire direct et indirect, leur vie dans les faits n’a pas été changée et elles continuent à travailler aux mêmes endroits dans des conditions similaires. Et surtout, elles continuent à être vues de la même manière par elles-mêmes, par leurs employeuses devenues clientes et par la société. Enfin, l’opportunité d’un marché du travail formel est insuffisante pour résoudre la question de l’empowerment des travailleuses migrantes et de l’accomplissement de la professionnalisation – un processus en cours mais qui n’avance que lentement.Le troisième constat inédit de cette thèse est l’évidence que le règlement des titres-services et la logique qui structure cette politique ne favorisent ni la qualité d’emploi ni la valorisation de la profession, pour plusieurs raisons, entre autres la libre concurrence de ce quasi-marché, le fait que les travailleuses sont des salariées "entrepreneures d’elles-mêmes" et le manque de responsabilisation des clientes.
This PhD investigates the transition of the domestic work market in Brussels to formalization through the implementation of the housework voucher policy by the Belgian government in 2004 (the “titres-services” policy).Now existing for about ten years, one can say that the voucher policy has been a success in bringing from the shadow to formal market many domestic work employers and workers. In terms of valorization of paid domestic work, however, changes were meagre: if the housework voucher opens to domestic workers the possibility to access a formal job and its related social rights, domestic work in Brussels is still not attractive enough for nationals and is dominated by mainly newly arrived migrant women. The fact the work is formal does not change the image of the job as a ‘dirty work’. The main beneficiaries of the policy are, in fine, middle or upper classes, which can achieve work/life balance by meeting their demand of housework services at a much lower price than they used to pay in the informal sector.This PhD brings up three new results.Firstly, authorized voucher service companies avoid hiring job-seekers, although job creation is one of the policy goals. Companies prefer to hire workers that were previously in the informal domestic work market, as they consider these workers are used to the job, motivated and often bring their clients with them.Secondly, the migrant status of domestic workers switching to the formal market appears as a decisive factor for them to experience a change in their identity as workers and citizens. The mere change from an informal labor market to a formal labor market is insufficient for the workers to challenge their (often low) self-esteem and to allow them empower themselves (Adjamago & Calvès 2012). Thirdly, this research brings evidence that the voucher service system fails to enhance job quality and to upgrade the domestic work sector. Among other factors, because of the livre market competition, voucher employees being “entrepreneurs without enterprise” (Granovetter 1995), and the lack of voucher clients’ responsibility within the policy. This PhD research shows that the commodification of domestic work in Brussels did not change the fact that domestic tasks are gendered as ‘women’s work’ and hence did not bring changes whereby couples share the tasks. Besides, voucher agency publicities and leaflets reflect this gendered norm, in focusing on woman’s choice to commodify domestic tasks and earn ‘quality time’ with her beloved ones or for herself.Finally, it points policymaking difficulties in bringing a specific job, historically informal and personalized, to the formal labor market. Policymaking cannot evade the question of who is doing the housework, and should therefore look at the interaction of care, gender and migration regimes. Otherwise, gender equality in the labor market will continue to be met only by middle and upper class, and only through domestic work outsourcing (to other women), perpetuating gender, class and 'race' dominating positions.
Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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7

Barakat, Mohammed, and Rolf Östergren. "”Maten är kass, men lärarna är snälla” : Recensioner av gymnasieskolor - ett beslutsunderlag för gymnasievalet på skolmarknaden." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-5597.

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Syfte och frågeställningar Syftet med uppsatsen är att få en förståelse för vad det är elever som söker till gymnasieskolan kan tänkas möta då de läser recensionstexter. Syftet är således att kartlägga recensionssystemets omfattning och innehåll kvantitativt; vad som tas upp i recensionstexterna, samt att undersöka hur recensionstexterna är konstruerade. Avslutningsvis syftar uppsatsen till att diskutera recensionssystemet i en större samhällskontext - som ett resultat av och en del i vår samtid. Vilka ämnen och teman förekommer i recensionstexter av gymnasieskolor samt hur frekvent är förekomsten?  Hur värderas (positivt, negativt eller neutralt) de olika temana i recensionerna?  På vilket sätt är recensionstexterna konstruerade och hur kan det tolkas? På vilket sätt framträder en skolmarknadsdiskurs i recensionstexterna? Metod De kvantitativa frågorna undersöks genom en innehållsanalys av slumpmässigt utvalda recensioner på gymnasieskolor i Stockholms län. De förekomna orden kvantifieras och delas in i teman, kategorieroch subkategorier. En bedömning görs även utifrån om de förekomna orden lyfts i en positiv, negativ eller neutral kontext. Den kvalitativa delen utgörs av en textanalys inspirerad av diskursanalysen. Av ett antal utvalda recensioner, baserat på dess innehållsliga relevans, analyseras dessa semantiskt med diskursanalytiska verktyg. I diskussions- och analysdelen behandlas resultatet utifrån det teoretiska ramverket och tidigare forskning.  Resultat Av innehållsanalysen framgår att de vanligast förekommande temana var allmänna värdeomdömen om skolan, att kommentera lärare samt skolans upplägg och utbildningens kvalité. Det är även vanligt att sociala aspekter så som atmosfär och gemenskap lyfts fram i recensionerna. Av den kvalitativa delen framgår det att recensenterna uttrycker sig på ett sätt som speglar skolmarknadsdiskursen. I somliga fall framgår tydligt hur recensenten anammat skolmarknadsdiskursen. Slutsats Resultatet indikerar att recensionssystemet riskerar att generera segregerande effekter. Framförallt utifrån den asymmetriska tillgången av information och att skola och identitet knyts allt närmare varandra. Detta förtydligas och ställs på sin spets i hur recensionerna är konstruerade och kan, i vissa fall, tänkas vara svårare att bearbeta då gemene elev tenderar att se recensenter som objektiva (till skillnad från övrig tillgänglig information).
Aim The aim with this study is to explore what kind of information pupils, searching for upper secondary school, might get from reading reviews of schools. The purpose is thus to quantify the scope and content of the review system quantitatively; what is mentioned in the review texts, and to examine how the review are textually constructed. Finally, the paper aims to discuss the review system in a larger social context - as a result of and a part of our time. What topics occur in reviews of upper secondary schools and how frequent is the occurrence? How are the different themes in the reviews valued (positive, negative or neutral)? In what way are the review texts constructed and how can it be interpreted? In what way does a school market discourse appear in the reviews? Method The quantitative questions are examined through a content analysis on randomly selected reviews of upper secondary schools in Stockholm County. The words in question are quantified and divided into themes, categories and subcategories. An assessment is also made based on whether the existing words are lifted in a positive, negative or neutral context. The qualitative part consists of a text analysis inspired by the discourse analysis. From a number of selected reviews, based on its substantive relevance, these are semantically analyzed with discourse analytics tools. In a merged discussion and analysis section, the result is treated on the basis of the theoretical framework and previous research. Results The content analysis shows that the most common themes were general value reviews of the school, commenting on teachers and the school's structure and the quality of the education. It is also common to mention social aspects such as atmosphere and cohesion. From the qualitative part it appears that the reviewers express themselves in a way that reflects the school market discourse. In some cases, it is clear that the reviewer has adopted the school market discourse.  Conclusion The result indicates that the review system risks generating segregating effects. Especially based on the asymmetric availability of information and the fact that school and identity are getting more connected. This is clarified and put on its tip in how the reviews are constructed and, in some cases, may be more difficult to process when the common student tends to see reviewers as objective (in contrast to other available sources of information).
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Urbisaglia, Gianluca. "Relazioni sindacali e rapporti di lavoro nel contesto economico-produttivo del settore agricolo." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/981995.

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L'obiettivo principale di questo lavoro di ricerca è quello di fornire il quadro e la qualità delle tutele offerte per il lavoro subordinato dalla specifica normativa giuslavoristica e dalla contrattazione collettiva di lavoro, alla luce dell'evoluzione economico-produttiva del settore agricolo. La Thesis che si vuole dimostrare è che nel settore primario le tutele scaturenti dalla normativa legale e pattizia dei rapporti di lavoro subordinato e il sistema di relazioni sindacali non risultano appropriati al sistema economico-produttivo né corrispondono alle esigenze di tutela dei lavoratori, dei datori di lavoro e delle strutture collettive del sistema padronale
The study explores and discusses the specific national framework of Labour Law and Labour relations system in the agricultural sector. The study reveals that the country has a quite exhaustive structure of labour legislation and collective bargaining but practically the labour laws and contractual protections are inappropriate in terms of effective tutelage of workers' needs and does not reflects the evolution of the agricultural sector and its heterogenity of products and markets. The CAP and particular Italian agro-industrial legislation have contributed to all this
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Книги з теми "Voucher Work"

1

LaRue, Lisa. Washington State education and training voucher program guidelines. [Olympia, Wash.]: Children's Administration, Washington State Dept. of Social & Health Services, 2007.

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United States. General Accounting Office., ed. [COMMENTS ON THE PROPRIETY OF PAYMENT OF VOUCHER FOR PHOTOGRAPHY WORK]... 087351, B-113464... U.S. GAO... JANUARY 29, 1953. [S.l: s.n., 2000.

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United States. General Accounting Office., ed. [COMMENTS ON THE PROPRIETY OF THE PAYMENT OF VOUCHER FOR PHOTOGRAPHY WORK]... 087350, B-113026... U.S. GAO... JANUARY 19, 1953. [S.l: s.n., 2000.

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The Section 8 Savings Act of 2011: Proposals to promote economic independence for assisted families : hearing before the Subcommittee on Insurance, Housing, and Community Opportunity of the Committee on Financial Services, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, first session, October 13, 2011. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2012.

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Bandyopadhyay, Subhayu. Educational attainment and child labor: Do subsidies work? Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2005.

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6

Cheever, George B. Faith, doubt, and evidence: God's vouchers for his written Word : with critical illustrations from the autobiography of Dr. Franklin. New York: Anson D.F. Randolph, 1985.

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Patterson, Rhiannon, and Steven Sullivan. Evaluation Of The Welfare To Work Voucher Program: Report To Congress. Diane Pub Co, 2004.

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Certiport. MOS Certiprep for Word - Paper Voucher. Pearson Education, Limited, 2013.

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Wiley. Word 2010 Certiport Voucher for Corporations. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2011.

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NA. Expl Word 2000& Train& Assess& MOUS Vouchr Pkg. Addison Wesley Longman, 2001.

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Частини книг з теми "Voucher Work"

1

Mitnik, Félix. "Voucher-Financed Training for Small Businesses." In International Handbook of Education for the Changing World of Work, 1107–21. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5281-1_73.

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Neussner, Wolfgang, and Perinne Rapp. "Voucher 4.0—Digitisation Potential in Voucher Sales from the Works Council’s Point of View." In Developments in Information & Knowledge Management for Business Applications, 47–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77916-0_2.

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3

Schulsinger, Gerald C., and Tilomas C. Perry. "Travel Voucher Audit (1952)." In Cases in Accountability: the Work of the Gao, 117–23. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429050664-14.

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Li, Cheng. "4. Public policy choice of local governance under the Covid-19 crisis in China: Is the e-voucher scheme prone to poor relief?" In Decent Work or Decent Income, 85–116. Rainer Hampp Verlag, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783957103895-85.

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"WORKS CITED." In The Voucher Promise, 303–22. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780691189505-014.

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"WORKS CITED." In The Voucher Promise, 303–22. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvvb7mns.16.

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Cohen, Andrew S. "Paleoecological Archives in Lake Deposits I: Problems and Methods." In Paleolimnology. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195133530.003.0014.

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Fossils provide some of the most detailed sources of information for environmental reconstruction available to the paleolimnologist. The use of lacustrine fossils to infer paleoenvironmental conditions is fundamentally based on inferences derived from modern correlations between the distribution of organisms and environmental variables, coupled with an understanding of taphonomy, the study of the fossilization process. No single group of organisms provides a comprehensive picture of lake ecosystems or environmental change, so it is always desirable to gather paleoecological records from multiple clades and habitats in a paleolimnological study. Analysis of multiple clades provides a means of establishing or testing ecological hypotheses that may not be possible from the study of one group alone. For example, many limnological processes affect the plankton, littoral organisms, and benthos in predictable sequences, and with predictable intensities. The most comprehensive study of fossil data and data analysis will be meaningless if the fossils studied are misidentified. A good taxonomic framework is an essential element of paleoecological studies. Accurate identification of described species, and the curation of voucher specimens, photographs, and other descriptive materials of undescribed species is important, to insure the quality of a paleolimnologist’s ongoing work, and to avoid future errors based on previously misidentified fossil specimens. Using fossils to interpret lacustrine paleoenvironments requires not only an understanding of modern organism distributions, but also an understanding of four additional factors we did not consider in chapter 5: (1) ecological causality and scale, (2) taphonomy and time-averaging, (3) historical contingency, and (4) evolutionary processes. One of the most common uses of fossil data in lakes is to try and reconstruct changes in some physical or biological forcing process from changes in abundance or morphology of the fossil organisms affected by the process. We might be interested in reconstructing changes in nutrient flux to the lake, based on changes in the relative abundances of some fossil animals. However, these animals actually responded to nutrient load only indirectly, through the effect of nutrient load on autotrophs and/or organic detritus. Now suppose that our ultimate objective is not really to understand productivity changes or nutrients, so much as to understand climate changes that may be driving productivity changes.
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Willetts, David. "The University in the Marketplace." In A University Education. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767268.003.0018.

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The opening chapters of this book were a story of expansion, in which more and more universities were created after progressive reformers finally broke the Oxbridge duopoly. And, just as important, in the second part of the book we have seen it is also a story of personal growth and advance as more people have their lives transformed by higher education. In the previous two chapters we have then seen how useful this institution has become—broadening its role in professional training and promoting growth and innovation by working with business and government. The university is one of the key institutions of the twenty-first century and finds itself deeply embedded in the market economy. But there are doubters who are wary of this very success because it is changing the character of the university. One of my main objectives as universities minister was to create a more open and diverse higher education system which would work better for students. That meant more choice and competition between universities and easier entry for new providers as well as removing the number controls which limited the scope for universities to grow in response to student demand. I believed these changes would ensure students were better served and make British universities stronger in a higher education market which is increasingly global. In effect our funding reforms gave students an education voucher to be spent at the university of their choice if they met its admission requirements, to be repaid when they were graduates if they could afford to. We replaced funding via a Government agency providing grants to universities with funding via the fees (funded by loans) which students brought with them. Many people in higher education are suspicious of this wider agenda. They worry about ‘marketization’ and, just as bad, ‘consumerism’. Those market values pervade the wider environment within which Western universities operate. All these changes open up a key question: to what extent should universities themselves absorb these values or should they deliberately hold themselves apart? There are sceptics who fear that as universities grow bigger and more economically significant they betray their distinctive values.
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Strange, Carolyn. "The Entanglement of Parole and Pardoning in the Progressive Era." In Discretionary Justice. NYU Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479899920.003.0007.

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The rise of the expert, emphasized in most histories of progressive penology, was marked in New York; however, this chapter draws on parole board hearing records to reveal the enduring personal nature of discretionary release. Whereas governors dispensed mercy according to traditional criteria (favoring persons of previous good character, the infirm, and prisoners for whom respectable citizens were willing to vouch), comportment and deference mattered in parole hearings. Above all the Parole Board’s discretion hinged on the promise of work (for men) and a stable home (for women). Gubernatorial clemency became a resort for individuals who could not qualify for parole, but governors continued to court controversy when individual pardons favored the rich and influential.
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Adler, Eric. "Skills Are the New Canon." In The Battle of the Classics, 13–32. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197518786.003.0002.

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This chapter examines recent defenses of the humanities, demonstrating that most of them present a portrait of the humanities strikingly bereft of content. Instead of stressing the need for students to encounter and contemplate particular works associated with the modern humanities, these defenses typically vouch for the humanities’ value on the basis of their purported ability to inculcate various skills in students. Such arguments, it is shown, possess intrinsic disadvantages and vulnerabilities. Many apologists, for example, highlight the notion that the humanities supply students with the skill of “critical thinking.” But they cannot claim that the humanities alone are conduits for this nebulous aptitude.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Voucher Work"

1

Li, Xitong, and Lynn Wu. "Measuring Effects of Observational Learning and Social-Network Word-of-Mouth (WOM) on the Sales of Daily-Deal Vouchers." In 2013 46th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2013.397.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Voucher Work"

1

Naess, Lars Otto, Jan Selby, and Gabrielle Daoust. Climate Resilience and Social Assistance in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Settings. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/basic.2022.002.

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This paper aims to improve our understanding of the nature, causes, and multiple dimensions of how social assistance may address climate vulnerability and resilience within fragile and conflict-affected settings (FCAS), as part of the inception phase of the Better Assistance in Crises (BASIC) Research programme. Over recent years, social assistance, such as cash transfers and voucher programmes, has been seen as a way of reducing the impacts of climate-related shocks and stressors, and of increasing the resilience of recipient households and communities. It has also been seen as a mechanism for delivering adaptation funding, showing promise in tackling short-term shocks as well as longer-term adaptation to climate change. Yet despite FCAS hosting some of the most vulnerable populations in the world, so far there has been little attention to these settings. We examine the linkages between social assistance and climate resilience in FCAS and in turn, implications for BASIC Research. Specifically, we ask what the evidence is on whether existing approaches to social assistance are appropriate to reducing climate vulnerabilities and building climate resilience in FCAS, and, if not, how they might be reformed. We address this through three sub-questions. First, what are the major conceptual discussions on climate resilience and social assistance, and what is the extent of work in FCAS? This is addressed in section 2.1, based on an extensive literature review. Second, to what extent does the literature on social assistance and climate resilience apply to the particular concerns of FCAS? This is covered in section 2.2, based on a framework informed by work in political economy and political ecology. Third, what are possible future research directions? We conclude with reflections on what BASIC Research may contribute in section 3.
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Social, Psychological and Health Impact of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) on the Elderly: South African and Italian Perspectives. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2021/0069.

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The Panel discussion titled “The Presidential Employment Stimulus: Research Opportunities”, was hosted on 10 December 2020 by the Department of Science and Innovation (DSI) and the Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf) at the Science Forum South Africa (SFSA) 2020. The Presidential Employment Stimulus was launched in parliament on 15 October as part of government’s Economic Recovery Strategy. It directly funds 800,000 employment opportunities that are being implemented within the current financial year, but it is anticipated that it will also become a medium-term programme. The stimulus includes public employment programmes, job retention programmes and direct support to livelihoods. The single largest programme is run by the Department of Basic Education, which, in the last fortnight, recruited 300,000 young people as school assistants, to assist schools to deal with the setbacks faced as a result of the pandemic. The stimulus supports employment in the environmental sector and over 75,000 subsistence producers are receiving production grants through an input voucher scheme. There is a once-off grant to assist over 100,000 registered and unregistered Early Childhood Development Practitioners back on their feet, as well as a significant stimulus to the creative sector. The session set out to provide an introduction to the Presidential Employment Stimulus Programme (PESP), a key programme within government’s economic recovery plan led by Dr Kate Philip. The key objective was to get input from the research community on how the work that they are already doing and future work could contribute to the M&E efforts and be augmented in such a way that the PESP could become a medium-term programme. The DSI plans to hold further engagements in 2021 to mobilise the wider research community to provide evidence-based research in order to shape the research agenda that would support the M&E work and identify short-term issues that need to be factored into the department’s work plans, under the guidance of Dr Philip.
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