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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Volcanic systems"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Volcanic systems"

Zouzias, D., and K. St. Seymour. "MAGMA INTRUSION IN 'PROTO-CALDERA CALDERA' SYSTEMS: EXAMPLE FROM THE NISYROS VOLCANO." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 40, no. 1 (June 8, 2018): 512. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.16660.

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The interdependence of volcanism and tectonism has been focused upon in the last decade as a result of previously accumulated evidence, as well as, due to the application of remote sensing techniques in both these fields. Volcanoes depend on tectonic features such as faults for their positioning and operation and on petrotectonic environment for the chemistry of their magmas. Faults provide the plumbing system for magma ascent and therefore volcano localisation and distribution in space greatly depends on the tectonic pattern of an area. On the other hand, volcanoes locally imprint their volcanotectonic features such as radial and ring faults which result from cycles of magma replenishment (inflation) and evacuation (deflation) of magmatic reservoirs (magma chambers). Under this light, the area in the easternmost extremity of the Aegean Arc is being reconsidered. Our main preliminary findings of ongoing research in the area, using field and remote sensing methods indicate localization of volcanic activity on Kos and on the Datca Peninsula of Asian Minor since Miocene due to the northbounding faults of the Datca Graben. Localisation of volcanic vents and calderas in the Kos-Nisyros area follows intersection of a major tectonic line of northnorthwesterly trending faults the 'Kos-Nisyros-Tilos Line' with N50°E, N30°E and N20°W trending faults. On the well-preserved volcano ofNisyros the architecture of the volcanic edifice has significantly been affected by 'trap-door' volcanotectonics of a major volcanic infrastructure in the area namely the Kos-Caldera

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Ko, Kyoungtae, Sungwon Kim, and Yongsik Gihm. "U-Pb Age Dating and Geochemistry of Soft-Sediment Deformation Structure-Bearing Late Cretaceous Volcano-Sedimentary Basins in the SW Korean Peninsula and Their Tectonic Implications." Minerals 11, no. 5 (May 14, 2021): 520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11050520.

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Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary basins and successions in the Korean Peninsula are located along NE-SW- and NNE-SSW-trending sinistral strike–slip fault systems. Soft-sediment deformation structures (SSDS) of lacustrine sedimentary strata occur in the Wido, Buan, and Haenam areas of the southwestern Korean Peninsula. In this study, systematic geological, geochronological, and geochemical investigations of the volcanic-sedimentary successions were conducted to constrain the origin and timing of SSDS-bearing lacustrine strata. The SSDS-bearing strata is conformably underlain and overlain by volcanic rocks, and it contains much volcaniclastic sediment and is interbedded with tuffs. The studied SSDSs were interpreted to have formed by ground shaking during syndepositional earthquakes. U-Pb zircon ages of volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks within the studied volcano-sedimentary successions were ca. 87–84 Ma, indicating that active volcanism was concurrent with lacustrine sedimentation. Geochemical characteristics indicate that these mostly rhyolitic rocks are similar to subduction-related calc-alkaline volcanic rocks from an active continental margin. This suggests that the SSDSs in the study area were formed by earthquakes related to proximal volcanic activity due to the oblique subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate during the Late Cretaceous.

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McGUIRE, W. J. "Volcanic plumbing systems." Journal of the Geological Society 150, no. 2 (March 1993): 411–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.150.2.0411.

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Tilling, R. I. "Volcanism and associated hazards: the Andean perspective." Advances in Geosciences 22 (December 14, 2009): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-22-125-2009.

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Abstract. Andean volcanism occurs within the Andean Volcanic Arc (AVA), which is the product of subduction of the Nazca Plate and Antarctica Plates beneath the South America Plate. The AVA is Earth's longest but discontinuous continental-margin volcanic arc, which consists of four distinct segments: Northern Volcanic Zone, Central Volcanic Zone, Southern Volcanic Zone, and Austral Volcanic Zone. These segments are separated by volcanically inactive gaps that are inferred to indicate regions where the dips of the subducting plates are too shallow to favor the magma generation needed to sustain volcanism. The Andes host more volcanoes that have been active during the Holocene (past 10 000 years) than any other volcanic region in the world, as well as giant caldera systems that have produced 6 of the 47 largest explosive eruptions (so-called "super eruptions") recognized worldwide that have occurred from the Ordovician to the Pleistocene. The Andean region's most powerful historical explosive eruption occurred in 1600 at Huaynaputina Volcano (Peru). The impacts of this event, whose eruptive volume exceeded 11 km3, were widespread, with distal ashfall reported at distances >1000 km away. Despite the huge size of the Huaynaputina eruption, human fatalities from hazardous processes (pyroclastic flows, ashfalls, volcanogenic earthquakes, and lahars) were comparatively small owing to the low population density at the time. In contrast, lahars generated by a much smaller eruption (<0.05 km3) in 1985 of Nevado del Ruiz (Colombia) killed about 25 000 people – the worst volcanic disaster in the Andean region as well as the second worst in the world in the 20th century. The Ruiz tragedy has been attributed largely to ineffective communications of hazards information and indecisiveness by government officials, rather than any major deficiencies in scientific data. Ruiz's disastrous outcome, however, together with responses to subsequent hazardous eruptions in Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru has spurred significant improvements in reducing volcano risk in the Andean region. But much remains to be done.

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Bischoff, Alan, Andrew Nicol, Jim Cole, and Darren Gravley. "Stratigraphy of Architectural Elements of a Buried Monogenetic Volcanic System." Open Geosciences 11, no. 1 (October 25, 2019): 581–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2019-0048.

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Abstract Large volumes of magma emplaced and deposited within sedimentary basins can have an impact on the architecture and geological evolution of these basins. Over the last decade, continuous improvement in techniques such as seismic volcano-stratigraphy and 3D visualisation of igneous bodies has helped increase knowledge about the architecture of volcanic systems buried in sedimentary basins. Here, we present the complete architecture of the Maahunui Volcanic System (MVS), a middle Miocene monogenetic volcanic field now buried in the offshore Canterbury Basin, South Island of New Zealand. We show the location, geometry, size, and stratigraphic relationships between 25 main intrusive, extrusive and sedimentary architectural elements, in a comprehensive volcano-stratigraphic framework that explains the evolution of the MVS from emplacement to complete burial in the host sedimentary basin. Understanding the relationships between these diverse architectural elements allows us to reconstruct the complete architecture of the MVS, including its shallow (<3 km) plumbing system, the morphology of the volcanoes, and their impact in the host sedimentary basin during their burial. The plumbing system of the MVS comprises saucer-shaped sills, dikes and sill swarms, minor stocks and laccoliths, and pre-eruptive strata deformed by intrusions. The eruptive and associated sedimentary architectural elements define the morphology of volcanoes in the MVS, which comprise deep-water equivalents of crater and cone-type volcanoes. After volcanism ceased, the process of degradation and burial of volcanic edifices formed sedimentary architectural elements such as inter-cone plains, epiclastic plumes, and canyons. Insights from the architecture of the MVS can be used to explore for natural resources such as hydrocarbons, geothermal energy and minerals in buried and active volcanic systems elsewhere.

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Nakamura, Yoichi, Kazuyoshi Fukushima, Xinghai Jin, Motoo Ukawa Teruko Sato, and Yayoi Hotta. "Mitigation Systems by Hazard Maps, Mitigation Plans, and Risk Analyses Regarding Volcanic Disasters in Japan." Journal of Disaster Research 3, no. 4 (August 1, 2008): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2008.p0297.

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More than 60 volcanic hazard maps have been published on 38 of Japan’s 108 active volcanoes. Two maps were published before 1990, 17 after the 1991 eruptions of Unzen, and 19 after the 2000 eruptions of Usuzan and Miyakejima. Large eruptions greatly increase concern over volcanic hazards. The earlier academic maps themselves have changed from being specialist-oriented to being designed to be more easily understood with volcanic terms clearly explained. This is especially true of revised maps. The 1961 Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act directs that local disaster management plans be promoted by local governments, but only 5 of the local governments in the 25 prefectures neighboring on active volcanoes have set up established specific volcano-oriented antidisaster programs. Others mention volcanic disaster measures in the context of general or storm and flood disaster measures, and another six make no mention of particular measures for volcanic disasters. This lack of concern is somewhat understandably related to budget policies, but real-time hazard maps with probability tree algorithms for forecasting volcanic events are needed to manage potential volcanic disasters effectively. For this purpose, volcanic disaster measures with volcanic risk, or threat analyses assessments must be completed, but no local governments have yet conducted assessments of volcanic risk analyses. Whatever and however complex the reasons, local governments should, cooperating with volcanologists and supported by local residents, take action before an eruption next occurs.

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Uchôa, Jéssica, Fátima Viveiros, Rafaela Tiengo, and Artur Gil. "Detection of Geothermal Anomalies in Hydrothermal Systems Using ASTER Data: The Caldeiras da Ribeira Grande Case Study (Azores, Portugal)." Sensors 23, no. 4 (February 17, 2023): 2258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23042258.

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Current-day volcanic activity in the Azores archipelago is characterized by seismic events and secondary manifestations of volcanism. Remote sensing techniques have been widely employed to monitor deformation in volcanic systems, map lava flows, or detect high-temperature gas emissions. However, using satellite imagery, it is still challenging to identify low-magnitude thermal changes in a volcanic system. In 2010, after drilling a well for geothermal exploration on the northern flank of Fogo Volcano on São Miguel Island, a new degassing and thermal area emerged with maximum temperatures of 100 °C. In the present paper, using the ASTER sensor, we observed changes in the near-infrared signals (15 m spatial resolution) six months after the anomaly emerged. In contrast, the thermal signal (90 m spatial resolution) only changed its threshold value one and a half years after the anomaly was recognized. The results show that wavelength and spatial resolution can influence the response time in detecting changes in a system. This paper reiterates the importance of using thermal imaging and high spatial resolution images to monitor and map thermal anomalies in hydrothermal systems such as those found in the Azores.

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Cas, Ray, and Wilson Wildner. "Volcanism and associated regimes - the complexity of volcanic systems." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 118, no. 1-2 (November 2002): vii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-0273(02)00246-9.

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Sahagian, D. L., and A. A. Proussevitch. "Bubbles in volcanic systems." Nature 359, no. 6395 (October 1992): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/359485a0.

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Aiuppa, A., D. R. Baker, and J. D. Webster. "Halogens in volcanic systems." Chemical Geology 263, no. 1-4 (June 2009): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.10.005.

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Дисертації з теми "Volcanic systems"

Wright, Heather Michelle. "Physical and chemical signatures of degassing in volcanic systems /." view abstract or download file of text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1188873641&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 162-173). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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COSTA, Michela. "Bromine degassing in basaltic volcanic systems." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/91244.

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Collinson, Amy Sarah Diana. "Determination of degassing patterns in volcanic systems." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/7099/.

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The volume of gas contained within a silicic magma, dissolved and subsequently exsolved, greatly influences the behaviour of a volcano. There is a marked contrast between the behaviour of a volcano "open" to degassing, compared to one which is "closed". It is, therefore, essential to understand the entire degassing process of gas transport, storage and loss. The particular focus of this study is the effect different permeabilities and pressure gradients within a volcanic edifice have on the degree and pattern of the gas velocity. Gas loss is modelled numerically in two- and three-dimensions using a finite element approach. By combining the time-dependent continuity equation and Darcy's law, a partial differential equation is derived and solved for the pressure. The associated pressure gradient is used in Darcy's law to determine the corresponding gas velocity distribution. The momentum equation is also used to determine the surface displacement pattern resulting from the movement and storage of gas within the system. The model framework is applied to numerous volcanic scenarios including cracks and sealing within the dome structure and shear fractures at the margin between the conduit and country rock. Two case studies are investigated: Ash venting at Soufriere Hills volcano in March 2012, and persistent, repetitive ring-shaped degassing at Santiaguito. Quantitative estimates regarding gas emissions and deformation provide the link to constraining observations. The results show the country rock and dome are important and it is the relative permeabilities, rather than the actual values which determine the pressurisation. A decrease of just two orders of magnitude in the surrounding permeability could switch behaviour from effusive to explosive. For efficient gas storage within a volcano, a high permeability is required to hold the gas, whilst a low permeability is necessary to trap it. From the modelled surface displacement patterns and gas emissions at the surface, it may be possible to track the migration of large volumes of gas, particularly if used in conjunction with real-time monitoring of active volcanoes.

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Wyk, de Vries Benjamin van. "Tectonics and magma evolution of Nicaraguan volcanic systems." Thesis, Open University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.577137.

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Peters, Michael Steven. "Temporal impacts of volcanic ash in freshwater systems." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7639.

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Volcanic ash can cause acidification and metal contamination of freshwater systems. Shmt-te1m chemical and pH fluxes in water have been attributed to dissolution of the ash surface film while dissolution of the glassy matrix has been linked to metal input over longer time periods. The rate at which ash surface film and glassy matrix dissolution occurs and the associated impact of ash to freshwater pH and chemistry over time has not previously been established. The influence of volcanic ash BET surface area on initial pH fluxes and metal dissolution rates in freshwater systems was investigated using pristine basaltic-andesite volcanic ashes from Mt. Ruapehu (New Zealand), Mt. Sakurajima (Japan) and Soufriere Hills (Montserrat). The aim of this study was to investigate the bi-temporal hazard of volcanic ash in freshwater systems including freshwater drinking-water supplies. All ashes provided an immediate pH decrease to water that was directly related to sulphur concentrations released from ash surface film (p < 0.02). The maximum pH decrease was observed after 2.5 minutes. The rate of change was independent of ash surface area due to the high solubility of the surface film. Initial pH decreases for all ashes were transient with the degree of acidification lessening following surface film removal via water rinse(s) and time in solution. The rapid rate of dissolution means in 'real-world' settings the surface film will be removed within the upper layer of a water body and will only provide a shmt-te1m source of acidification and chemical contamination. Release rates for (Al, Mn and As) from the glassy matrix of ashes over longer-time periods (0-1 00 hours) were dependent on BET surface area and ash to water ratios for each ash. The influence of differing physical and chemical characteristics between the three ashes, however, prevented surface area being used as a proxy for all dissolution rates. The metal release rates were used to calculate the time needed for the drinking water quality guidelines to be exceeded under three different ashfall scenarios. Using the derived metal release rates for the Mt Ruapehu Ash, Al was the element most likely to exceed the drinking water standards. This exceedance can be attributed to the relatively fast release rate (Al 10.4 flg h -I m-2 ) and high concentration within the ash (14% by weight). An ashfall of 1 Omm would result in exceedances of the drinking water standards for AI in the Waitakere and Hays Creek Reservoirs (Auckland city water supply) after ~8 hours.

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CorteÌs, JoaquiÌn Alberto. "Thermodynamics of magma recharge in open volcanic systems : a case study from Stromboli volcano, Italy." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421973.

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Wilson, Thomas McDonald. "Vulnerability of Pastoral Farming Systems to Volcanic Ashfall Hazards." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5978.

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Volcanic eruptions are powerful, spectacular, uncontrollable geophysical events which require management to mitigate loss of life and property. An essential part of volcanic risk management is to quantify the vulnerability of exposed elements of society to volcanic hazard. Agriculture takes advantage of the fertile soils of volcanic regions, but is vulnerable to damage and disruption from volcanic hazards, in particular ashfall. This thesis investigates the vulnerability of pastoral agriculture to volcanic ashfall by examining impacts on the resource base of pastoral farming (water supply, pasture and soil, and livestock) and explores mitigation and recovery strategies for ashfall hazards at varying levels. It provides a quantitative understanding of pastoral farming vulnerability to ashfall hazards, as part of probabilistic risk assessment. Surface farm water supplies are found to be more vulnerable to ashfall, through contamination and sedimentation, than groundwater supplies. After heavy ashfall, the physical impacts of ashfall overwhelm the more subtle chemical impacts on water supply systems, but even relatively thin ashfalls may cause potential toxic changes to water quality. Farm-scale assessment of water supplies was used to identify key areas of vulnerability to ash hazards. Modelling a large-scale evacuation of livestock following widespread, heavy ashfall found the logistical, time and cost requirements high and may make this action unrealistic. Perhaps most critically, it is doubtful that farms in surrounding regions have the capacity to accommodate the numbers of animals likely to be affected. Tunnel-house and field trials have shown pastures are relatively resilient to ashfalls of 10 mm, but this resilience rapidly reduces with increasing ashfall thickness and at .100 mm there is effectively no pasture recovery. Ashfall grain size, frequency, soluble salt volume, and different meteorological conditions also have a significant impact on pastures and soils. Pasture reestablishment will benefit from tillage of ash covered soils to mix ash and topsoil and break up the surface crust which may form on ash deposits. Targeted fertiliser treatments may also be required to buffer acidic soluble salts and remedy deficiencies of essential nutrients. Reworking of ash deposits was found to be highly disruptive to pasture re-establishment and in extreme cases may prolong and intensify the impacts following an ashfall. The majority of farmers impacted by ashfall will continue farming, albeit with varying levels of disruption. However real or perceived impacts to human health may result in farm evacuation in the short-term. Where ashfall thicknesses are too thick for a return to profitable farming, migration from impacted farms and agriculture-related industries will result in significant demographic changes to rural communities and potential social impacts. Stressed farming systems are most vulnerable to failure and psychosocial impacts.

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Wardman, John Blackburn. "Vulnerability of Electric Power Systems to Volcanic Ashfall Hazards." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8014.

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Volcanic eruptions are powerful natural events which impact strongly on society. As human populations grow and expand into volcanically active areas, their exposure and vulnerability to volcanic hazards is also increasing. Of all volcanic hazards, ashfall is the most likely to impact lifelines because of the large areas affected. The widespread dispersal of ash can cause large-scale disruption of vital infrastructure services, aviation, and primary production. Electric power supply is arguably the most crucial of modern infrastructure systems, especially considering the dependence of other sectors on electricity to maintain functionality. During and immediately after ashfalls, electric power systems are vulnerable to a number of impacts, but disruption from volcanic ash-induced insulator flashover (unintended, disruptive electrical discharge) is most common. This thesis investigates the vulnerability of electric power systems to volcanic ashfall by examining impacts to the different sectors of the modern power system and exploring appropriate mitigation strategies. Analogue laboratory trials using a pseudo (synthetic) ash are undertaken to verify the environmental, volcanological and electrical parameters that most affect electrical conductivity and therefore the flashover mechanism in these experiments. While dry ash is highly resistant to the flow of electric current, increasing moisture content, soluble salt load, and compaction (bulk density) will reduce this resistance and, in turn, increase the potential for flashover. Volcanic ash is an acute form of airborne pollution for areas downwind of active volcanoes. Results from laboratory experiments in this thesis suggest that insulator pollution (volcanic ash) performance (dielectric strength) is primarily dictated by (1) the conductivity of the ash, and (2) insulator material, profile (shape) and dimensioning. Composite polymer insulators tested herein effectively minimise sinusoidal leakage current and partial discharge activity and also exhibit higher pollution performance when compared to ceramic equivalents. Irrespective of insulator material, however, the likelihood of flashover increases significantly once the bottom surface of suspension insulator watersheds become contaminated in wet ash. The thesis investigates the vulnerability (hazard intensity/damage ratio) of electric power systems to volcanic ashfall hazards. Identification, analysis, and reduction of the risk of ashfall impacts to power networks is explored as a part of holistic volcanic risk assessment. The findings of the thesis contribute to the readiness, response and recovery protocols for large electric power systems in volcanic disasters; which directly affects the functional operation and economics of industrial and commercial society.

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Matoza, Robin S. "Seismic and infrasonic source processes in volcanic fluid systems." Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3386569.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed January 19, 2010). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 219-246).

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Belien, Isolde L. M. B. (Leo Maria Beatrijs) 1985. "Gas Migration Through Crystal-Rich Mafic Volcanic Systems and Application to Stromboli Volcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12107.

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xvii, 171 p. : ill. (some col.)
Crystals influence the migration of gas through magma. At low concentrations, they increase the bulk fluid properties, especially viscosity. At concentrations close to maximum packing, crystals form a rigid framework and magma cannot erupt. However, erupted pyroclasts with crystal contents close to the packing concentration are common at mafic volcanoes that exhibit Strombolian behavior. In this dissertation, I study the influence of solid particles on gas migration. I apply my results to Stromboli volcano, Italy, type locality of the normal Strombolian eruptive style, where gas moves through an essentially stagnant magma with crystallinity ∼50%. Specifically, I investigate the effect of crystals on flow regime, gas content (Chapter II), bubble concentration (number densities), bubble shapes, bubble sizes (Chapter III), and bubble rise velocities (gas flux) (Chapter IV). I find that gas-liquid flow regimes are not applicable at high particle concentrations and should be replaced by new, three-phase (gas-liquid-solid) regimes and that degassing efficiency increases with particle concentration (Chapter II). In Chapter III, I show that crystals modify bubble populations by trapping small bubbles and causing large bubbles to split into smaller ones and by modifying bubble shapes. In Chapter IV, I model Stromboli's crystal-rich magma as a network of capillary tubes and show that bubble rise velocities are significantly slower than free rise velocities in the absence of particles. In each chapter, I use analogue experiments to study the effect of different liquid and solid properties on gas migration in viscous liquids. I then apply my analogue results to magmatic conditions using simple parameterizations and/or numerical modeling or by comparing the results directly to observations made on crystal-rich volcanic rocks. Chapter V proposes a mechanism for Strombolian eruptions and gas migration through the crystalrich magma in which the effect of crystals is included. This model replaces the current twophase "slug" model, which cannot account for the high crystallinity observed at Stromboli. There are three appendices in this dissertation: a preliminary study of the influence of particles on gas expansion, image analysis methods, and the numerical code developed in Chapter IV. This dissertation includes previously published and unpublished co-authored material.
Committee in charge: Katharine Cashman, Chairperson; Alan Rempel, Member; Mark Reed, Member; Raghuveer Parthasarathy, Outside Member

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Книги з теми "Volcanic systems"

Geological Survey (U.S.), ed. A chromatographic system for the analysis of selected light gases in geothermal and volcanic systems. [Denver, Colo.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey, 1986.

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B, De Vivo, and Bodnar R. J, eds. Melt inclusions in volcanic systems: Methods, applications and problems. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2003.

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R, Dando P., Varnavas S. P, Eidelman A, Golbraikh E, and European Geophysical Society, eds. I. Biogeochemical processes in submarine hydrothermal systems along the Hellenic Volcanic Island Arc. Oxford, England: Pergamon, 2000.

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Schmidt, Robert Gordon. High-alumina hydrothermal systems in volcanic rocks and their significance to mineral prospecting in the Carolina slate belt. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1985.

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Ewert, John W. An assessment of volcanic threat and monitoring capabilities in the United States: Framework for a national volcano early warning system. Reston, Va: U.S. Geological Survey, 2005.

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Harris, Andrew. Radiometry of active volcanoes: A user's manual. Cambridge, [England]: Cambridge University Press, 2013.

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Planetary volcanism: A study of volcanic activity in the solar system. Chichester: E. Horwood, 1989.

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Planetary volcanism: A study of volcanic activity in the solar system. 2nd ed. Chichester: Wiley, 1996.

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P, Gregg Tracy K., ed. Volcanic worlds: Exploring the solar system's volcanoes. Berlin: Springer, 2004.

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R, Brantley Steven, Geological Survey (U.S.), and United States. National Park Service, eds. Tracking changes in Yellowstone's restless volcanic system. [Reston, Va.]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2004.

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Частини книг з теми "Volcanic systems"

Glazner, Allen F., Drew S. Coleman, and Ryan D. Mills. "The Volcanic-Plutonic Connection." In Physical Geology of Shallow Magmatic Systems, 61–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14084-1_11.

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Rouwet, Dmitri, Claudio Inguaggiato, and Giovanni Leone. "Buried Volcano-Hydrothermal Systems and Minerals on Mars." In Mars: A Volcanic World, 167–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84103-4_7.

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Putirka, Keith D. "3. Thermometers and Barometers for Volcanic Systems." In Minerals, Inclusions And Volcanic Processes, edited by Keith D. Putirka and Frank J. Tepley III, 61–120. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501508486-004.

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Anderson, J. Lawford, Andrew P. Barth, Joseph L. Wooden, and Frank Mazdab. "4. Thermometers and Thermobarometers in Granitic Systems." In Minerals, Inclusions And Volcanic Processes, edited by Keith D. Putirka and Frank J. Tepley III, 121–42. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501508486-005.

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Tilling, Robert I. "Volcanic Hazards and Early Warning." In Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science, 1–19. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27737-5_581-2.

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Lane, Stephen J., and Michael R. James. "Volcanic Eruptions, Explosive: Experimental Insights." In Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science, 9784–831. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30440-3_579.

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Tilling, Robert I. "Volcanic Hazards and Early Warning." In Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science, 9861–72. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30440-3_581.

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Kumagai, Hiroyuki. "Source Quantification of Volcanic-Seismic Signals." In Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science, 1–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27737-5_583-2.

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Fearnley, C. J. "Volcanic Hazards Warnings: Effective Communications of." In Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science, 1–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27737-5_634-1.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Volcanic systems"

Septama, E. "Java Volcanic Arc, what lies beneath?" In Indonesian Petroleum Association 44th Annual Convention and Exhibition. Indonesian Petroleum Association, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29118/ipa21-g-257.

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Java Island is an active volcanic arc that resides in the southwestern - southern boundary of Sundaland edges. The volcanic arc consists of several volcanism episodes, with a relatively younging trend northward (Late Oligocene to Pleistocene), following the Indo-Australian plates inward migration. In contrast to the prolific neighboring Northwest and Northeast Java Basins in the Northern edges of Java Island; the basin reconstruction and development in the East-West trending depression in median ranges of Java (from Bogor to Kendeng Troughs) are overlooked and lays bare the challenge to the seismic imaging due to the structural complexity of the overthrusted Neogene unit as well as immense Quaternary volcanic eruption covers. On the other hand, oil and gas seepages around the northern and central parts of the Island confirmed the active petroleum generation. Five focused window areas are selected for this study. A total of 1,893 Km sections, 584 rock samples, 1569 gravity, and magnetic data, and 29 geochemical samples (rocks, oil, and gas samples) were acquired during the study. Geological fieldwork was focused on the stratigraphic unit composition and the observable features of deformation products from the outcrops. Due to the scarcity of the Paleogene deposit exposure in the Central-East Java area, the rock samples were also collected from the mud volcano ejected materials in the Sangiran Dome. Both Bogor and Kendeng Troughs are active petroleum systems that generate type II /III Kerogen typical to the reduction organic material derived from transition to the shallow marine environment. The result suggests that these basins are secular from the neighboring basins, The Northwest and Northeast Java Basins, characterized by oxidized terrigenous type III Kerogen. The contrasting subsurface configuration between Bogor and Kendeng Troughs mainly concerns the fold-thrust belt basement involvement and the tectonic shortening effect on the formerly rift basin.

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Petrelli, Maurizio, Monica Lopez, Diego Perugini, and Luca Caricchi. "Machine Learning Thermo-Barometry for Volcanic Systems." In Goldschmidt2022. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2022.11215.

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Curilem, M., M. Salman Khan, N. Becerra Yoma, C. San Martin, C. Cardona, C. Soto, F. Huenupan, L. Franco, G. Acu[ntilde]a, and M. Chaco[acute ]n. "Feature Selection for Discrimination between Volcanic and Tectonic Events of The Llaima Volcano (Chile)." In International Conference on Pattern Recognition Systems (ICPRS-16). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic.2016.0034.

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Nahrstedt, David A. "Influence of volcanic aerosols on guide star systems." In SPIE's International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation, edited by Robert K. Tyson and Robert Q. Fugate. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.363592.

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Vujasinovic, Ruzica, and Klaus Sievers. "Visible volcanic ash: Setting the limit or not?" In 2013 IEEE/AIAA 32nd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dasc.2013.6712616.

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Smith, Ian E. M., Shane J. Cronin, Lucy E. McGee, and Marco Brenna. "The Magma Source of Small-Scale Monogenetic Volcanic Systems." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.2412.

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Saltos-Rodriguez, M., M. Aguirre-Velasco, A. Velasquez-Lozano, D. Ortiz-Villalba, A. Villamarin-Jacome, and J. R. Haro. "Resilience Assessment in Electric Power Systems Against Volcanic Ash." In 2022 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pesgm48719.2022.9916989.

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Kahl, Maren, Enikő Bali, Guðmundur Guðfinnsson, David Neave, Teresa Ubide, Simon Matthews, and Quinten van der Meer. "Magma storage dynamics in off-rift volcanic systems in Western Iceland: insights from the Snæfellsnes volcanic zone (SNVZ)." In Goldschmidt2021. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2021.7171.

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Gualda, Guilherme A. R., and Calvin F. Miller. "THE VOLCANO-PLUTON CONNECTION: A PROGRESS REPORT BASED ON INTEGRATED RESEARCH OF VOLCANIC AND PLUTONIC SYSTEMS." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-324654.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Volcanic systems"

Fercho, Steven, Lara Owens, Patrick Walsh, Peter Drakos, Brigette Martini, Jennifer L. Lewicki, and Burton M. Kennedy. Blind Geothermal System Exploration in Active Volcanic Environments; Multi-phase Geophysical and Geochemical Surveys in Overt and Subtle Volcanic Systems, Hawai’i and Maui. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1242411.

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Peter, J. M., and M. G. Gadd. Introduction to the volcanic- and sediment-hosted base-metal ore systems synthesis volume, with a summary of findings. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328015.

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This volume presents results of research conducted during phase 5 of the Volcanic- and Sedimentary-hosted Base Metals Ore Systems project of the Geological Survey of Canada's Targeted Geoscience Initiative (TGI) program. The papers in this volume include syntheses and primary scientific reports. We present here a synopsis of the findings during this TGI project. Research activities have addressed several mineral deposit types hosted in sedimentary rocks: polymetallic hyper-enriched black shale, sedimentary exhalative Pb-Zn, carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn (Mississippi Valley-type; MVT), and fracture-controlled replacement Zn-Pb. Other carbonate-hosted deposits studied include a magnesite deposit at Mount Brussilof and a rare-earth element-F-Ba deposit at Rock Canyon Creek, both of which lack base metals but are spatially associated with the MVT deposits in the southern Rocky Mountains. Volcanogenic massive-sulfide deposits hosted in volcanic and mixed volcanic-sedimentary host rock settings were also examined. Through field geology, geochemical (lithogeochemistry, stable and radiogenic isotopes, fluid inclusions, and mineral chemistry), and geophysical (rock properties, magnetotelluric, and seismic) tools, the TGI research contributions have advanced genetic and exploration models for volcanic- and sedimentary-hosted base-metal deposits and developed new laboratory, geophysical, and field techniques to support exploration.

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Abers, G., J. Taber, C. Estabrook, J. Gariel, K. Jacob, and V. Levin. A comprehensive study of the seismotectonics of the eastern Aleutian arc and associated volcanic systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5029222.

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WoldeGabriel, G. Hydrothermal systems in two areas of the Jemez volcanic field: Sulphur Springs and the Cochiti mining district. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6513705.

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Shinohara, Masanao. Working Paper PUEAA No. 6. Recent seafloor seismic and tsunami observation systems for scientific research and disaster mitigation. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Programa Universitario de Estudios sobre Asia y África, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/pueaa.004r.2022.

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Due to its position between various tectonic plates, Japan is at constant risk of natural disasters such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and tsunamis. The latter have a great and destructive impact since a large part of the Japanese population lives on coastal plains. The importance of having early warning systems has led Japanese scientists to give particular importance to the study of the seabed and its tectonic characteristics, in order to better understand its geological composition, and to be able to create better and faster early warning systems with new technologies for transmission and data collection.

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Scanlan, E. J., M. Leybourne, D. Layton-Matthews, A. Voinot, and N. van Wagoner. Alkaline magmatism in the Selwyn Basin, Yukon: relationship to SEDEX mineralization. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328994.

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Several sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX) deposits have alkaline magmatism that is temporally and spatially associated to mineralization. This report outlines interim data from a study of potential linkages between magmatism and SEDEX mineralization in the Selwyn Basin, Yukon. This region is an ideal study site due to the close spatial and temporal relationships between SEDEX deposits and magmatism, particularly in the MacMillan Pass, where volcanic rocks have been drilled with mineralization at the Boundary deposit. Alkaline volcanic samples were analysed from the Anvil District, MacMillan Pass, Keno-Mayo and the Misty Creek Embayment in the Selwyn Basin to characterise volcanism and examine the relationship to mineralization. Textural and field relationships indicate a volatile-rich explosive eruptive volcanic system in the MacMillan Pass region in comparison to the Anvil District, which is typically effusive in nature. High proportions of calcite and ankerite in comparison to other minerals are present in the MacMillan system. Cathodoluminescence imaging reveals zoning and carbonate that displays different luminescent colours within the same sample, likely indicating multiple generations of carbonate precipitation. Barium contents are enriched in volcanic rocks throughout the Selwyn Basin, which is predominately hosted by hyalophane with rare barite and barytocalcite. Thallium is positively correlated with Ba, Rb, Cs, Mo, As, Sb and the calcite-chlorite-pyrite index and is negatively correlated with Cu. Anvil District samples display a trend towards depleted mid-ocean ridge mantle on a plot of Ce/Tl versus Th/Rb. Hydrothermal alteration has likely led to the removal of Tl from volcanic rocks in the region. Ongoing research involves: i) the analysis of Sr, Nd, Pb and Tl isotopes of volcanic samples; ii) differentiating magmatic from hydrothermal carbonate using O, C and Sr isotopes; iii) examining sources of Ba in the Selwyn Basin; iv) and constraining age relationships through U-Th-Pb geochronology.

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Wilson, A. M., and M. C. Kelman. Assessing the relative threats from Canadian volcanoes. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328950.

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This report presents an analysis of the threat posed by active volcanoes in Canada and outlines directives to bring Canadian volcano monitoring and research into alignment with global best practices. We analyse 28 Canadian volcanoes in terms of their relative threat to people, aviation and infrastructure. The methodology we apply to assess volcanic threat was developed by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) as part of the 2005 National Volcano Early Warning System (NVEWS). Each volcano is scored on a number of hazard and exposure factors, producing an overall threat score. The overall threat scores are then assigned to five threat categories ranging from Very Low to Very High. We adjusted the methodology slightly to better suit Canadian volcano conditions by adding an additional knowledge uncertainty score; this does not affect the threat scoring or ranking. Our threat assessment places two volcanoes into the Very High threat category (Mt. Meager and Mt. Garibaldi). Three Canadian volcanoes score in the High threat category (Mt. Cayley, Mt. Price and Mt. Edziza) and two volcanoes score in the Moderate threat category (the Nass River group and Mt. Silverthrone). We compare the ranked Canadian volcanoes to similarly scored volcanoes in the USA and assess the current levels of volcano monitoring against internationally recognised monitoring strategies. We find that even the most thoroughly-studied volcano in Canada (Mt. Meager) falls significantly short of the recommended monitoring level (Mt. Meager is currently monitored at a level commensurate with a Very Low threat edifice, according to NVEWS recommendations). All other Canadian volcanoes are unmonitored (other than falling within a regional seismic network emplaced to monitor tectonic earthquakes). Based on the relative threat and scientific uncertainty surrounding some Canadian volcanoes, we outline five strategies to improve volcano monitoring in Canada and lower the uncertainty about eruption style and frequency: installation of real-time seismic stations at all Very High and High threat volcanoes, comprehensive lithofacies studies at Mt. Garibaldi in order to reduce uncertainty surrounding the frequency and style of volcanism, hazard mapping at Mt. Garibaldi and Mt. Cayley and publication of existing hazard analyses and mapping for Mt. Meager as a comprehensive hazard map, regular satellite-based ground deformation monitoring at all Very High to Moderate threat edifices, and, finally, installation of a landslide detection and alerting system at Mt. Meager.

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Wilson, A. M., and M. C. Kelman. Assessing the relative threats from Canadian volcanoes. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328950.

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Birkholzer, J., J. Rutqvist, E. Sonnenthal, and D. Barr. DECOVALEX-THMC Task D: Long-Term Permeability/Porosity Changes inthe EDZ and Near Field due to THM and THC Processes in Volcanic andCrystaline-Bentonite Systems, Status Report October 2005. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/902797.

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Chen, Z., S. E. Grasby, C. Deblonde, and X. Liu. AI-enabled remote sensing data interpretation for geothermal resource evaluation as applied to the Mount Meager geothermal prospective area. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330008.

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The objective of this study is to search for features and indicators from the identified geothermal resource sweet spot in the south Mount Meager area that are applicable to other volcanic complexes in the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt. A Landsat 8 multi-spectral band dataset, for a total of 57 images ranging from visible through infrared to thermal infrared frequency channels and covering different years and seasons, were selected. Specific features that are indicative of high geothermal heat flux, fractured permeable zones, and groundwater circulation, the three key elements in exploring for geothermal resource, were extracted. The thermal infrared images from different seasons show occurrence of high temperature anomalies and their association with volcanic and intrusive bodies, and reveal the variation in location and intensity of the anomalies with time over four seasons, allowing inference of specific heat transform mechanisms. Automatically extracted linear features using AI/ML algorithms developed for computer vision from various frequency bands show various linear segment groups that are likely surface expression associated with local volcanic activities, regional deformation and slope failure. In conjunction with regional structural models and field observations, the anomalies and features from remotely sensed images were interpreted to provide new insights for improving our understanding of the Mount Meager geothermal system and its characteristics. After validation, the methods developed and indicators identified in this study can be applied to other volcanic complexes in the Garibaldi, or other volcanic belts for geothermal resource reconnaissance.

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