Готові списки джерел за темами / Vibration load

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Vibration load"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022
Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Vibration load"

1

Dapeng, Zhu, Qin Liangkai, and Lin Yundian. "Analytical Study on Dynamic Response of Deep Foundation Pit Support Structure under the Action of Subway Train Vibration Load: A Case Study of Deep Foundation Pit of the New Museum Near Metro Line 2 in Chengdu, China." Shock and Vibration 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/535196.

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Presently, foundation pit support structures are generally regarded as the temporary structures and the impact of vibration loads is often overlooked. As opposed to static and seismic loads, the vibration loads of subway trains are a type of cyclic load with a relatively long duration of action and a definite cycle; it is of great importance for the design of foundation pit support structures to correctly evaluate the impact of subway train vibrations on deep foundation pit and support works. In this paper, a dynamic three-dimensional numerical model is built that considers the vibration load of subway trains on the basis of the static numerical model for deep foundation pit support structures and simplified train loads to study the impact of train vibrations on deep foundation pit and permanent support structures. Studies have shown that the dynamic response of surface displacement mainly occurs in the early period of dynamic load, the vibration load of subway trains has little impact on ground subsidence, the support pile structure is in an elastic state during dynamic response under the action of subway train vibrations, and the action of train vibration loads is inimical to the safety of foundation pit support structures and should be closely studied.
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2

Niu, Jianye, Jiang Wu, Qiming Liu, Li Chen, and Shijie Guo. "A Dumbbell Shaped Piezoelectric Motor Driven by the First-Order Torsional and the First-Order Flexural Vibrations." Actuators 9, no. 4 (November 30, 2020): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act9040124.

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A piezoelectric motor driven by the first-order torsional and first-order flexural (T/F) vibrations is designed, fabricated, and tested in this study. The actuating force is generated by the torsional vibration of the dumbbell-shaped vibrator, while the elliptical motion shape is adjusted with the flexural vibration. The rotor, pressed onto the vibrator’s lateral surface, is frictionally driven with the vibrator. Here, the torsional vibration, the shear modes of piezoelectric ceramics, and the driving method may contribute to high torque and high output power. To test the feasibility of our proposal, first, a prototype of the T/F vibrator is built and its vibration properties are explored. As predicted, the torsional and flexural vibrations are excited on the vibrator. Then, the load characteristics of the piezoelectric motor are investigated. The maximal torque, the no-load rotation speed, and maximal output power are 4.3 Nm, 125 r/min, and 16.9 W, respectively. The results imply that using the first-order torsional and the first-order flexural vibrations is a feasible method to achieve high torque and high output power of piezoelectric motors.
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3

GODZHAEV, Z. A., V. V. SHEKHOVTSOV, M. V. LIASHENKO, A. I. ISKALIEV, and P. V. POTAPOV. "TEST STAND FOR VIBRATION ISOLATORS OF VEHICLE CABIN SUSPENSION." Fundamental and Applied Problems of Engineering and Technology, no. 5 (2021): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7408-2021-349-5-165-173.

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Modern vehicles includes a cabin suspension that provides reducing of amplitudes of vibration impacts on the cabin and if possible absorption of vibration energy portion. The cabin suspension includes vibration isolators which have various constructions and operation principles: mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic and combined mechanisms. Stand tests provides evaluation of vibration isolators ability to reduce amplitudes of impacts on the cabin from the vehicle frame down to a necessary level during normative lifetime. This paper presents the description of the tests stand for life tests of a vehicle cabin suspension created in VSTU. Vibration isolators of a vehicles cabin suspension are impacted by loads from vertical, longitudinal– and lateral–angular cabin vibrations during exploitation. At this all load impacts have various amplitudes and time profiles. Proposed test stand provides reproduction of operational load regimes for vibration isolators testing by scheme of the loading device. This device consists of three controlled electric motors which are oriented in vertical, longitudinal and lateral axial directions and cam eccentrics mounted on motors shafts. These eccentrics may have different or similar profiles and provides impact on the loading platform. So it is possible to reproduce operational loads from vertical, longitudinal– and lateral–angular cabin vibrations on tested vibration isolators at that vibrations may have various amplitudes, frequencies and time profiles for every load impact to increase reliability of the test results.
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4

Farrokhi Zanganeh, Niusha, Gholamhossein Shahgholi, and Soleiman Agh. "Studying the Effect of Balancer on Engine Vibration of Massey Ferguson 285 Tractor." Acta Technologica Agriculturae 24, no. 1 (January 29, 2021): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ata-2021-0003.

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Abstract The mechanical vibration causes health issues to drivers, such as backache, spinal cord injury, etc. In this regard, a tractor engine plays important role. Tractors without chassis are equipped with a balancer unit reducing the secondary engine vibrating force and decreasing the engine and tractor vibration. The paper presented investigates the effects of balancer on secondary vibration. In this research, the root mean square (RMS) of vibration was computed for specific periods of engine work. Effects of rotational speed and engine load on engine vibration in two modes with and without balancer were investigated. The results showed that, at full engine load, increasing the engine speed resulted in increasing the vibration in both observed modes. Balancer utilization reduced the vibration by 22.3% on average. At fixed rotational speed, increasing load caused an increase in vibration in both observed modes. At 1400 rpm rotational speed and 125 Nm torque, balancer utilization managed to reduce the RMS of secondary vibration by 38.9%. Furthermore, at 250 Nm, RMS vibrations were reduced by 21.3% in comparison to no balancer mode. At full load, variable rotational speed, the balancer significantly reduced vibration by 29% on average. The balancer proved to be more efficient at lower torques.
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5

Kaminsky, R. V., I. V. Kovaltsov, E. A. Kostyukov, S. V. Sibiryakov, and A. S. Filippov. "Vibration analysis of diesel turbocharger for agricultural use." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 85, no. 5 (October 15, 2018): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-66414.

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Environmental, efficiency and economic requirements for diesel engines are being constantly toughened, thus requiring engine modernization. Increasing the degree of diesel boosting is one of the ways to meet these requirements. However, this leads to an increase of the load on various parts and components of the diesel engine. The turbocharger, as one of the most important engine units, undergoes a high vibration load due to the high rotor speed. As it is known from the practice of the manufacturer, this is one of the most common causes of failure of turbochargers. So the evaluation of the vibration load of the plain bearings in modern turbo-charging units requires careful research, which is the purpose of this work. To measure vibrations in the turbocharger, there was used a three-axis vibration transducer AR81, which was mounted on the turbocharger in such a way that the sensor axes coincided with the axes of the turbocharger. This is necessary to determine both the magnitude of the vibrations, and their direction. According to the measured values of vibration acceleration, it can be concluded that the turbocharger is technically in order, predicted a possible failure and, consequently, taken a decision on the required set of measures or make changes to the design documentation in the case of significant deviations. The study was undertaken in two stages: on a specialized balancing machine and on a gas-dynamic non-motorized bench. During the tests there were detected harmonic and non-harmonic components, resonances associated with an increase in the rotor speed. The values of vibration acceleration along the rotor axis of the turbocharger have been measured, perpendicular to the rotor axis in the horizontal plane, perpendicular to the rotor axis in the vertical plane. According to the results of the experimental data, there have been drawn the conclusions that allow to note the following: to reduce the vibrational loads on the running part of the turbocharger, it is necessary to design the compressor stage in such a way that in all modes of engine operation there would be a substantial margin up to the surging limit; the radial load is significantly higher than the axial load, so the radial bearing must have a significant margin of safety to increase the reliability of the turbocharger.
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6

Shuai, Chang-geng, Bu-yun Li, Jian-guo Ma, and Zhao-hao Yang. "A Novel Low Stiffness Air Spring Vibration-Isolation Mounting System." Shock and Vibration 2022 (February 21, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5598689.

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Анотація:
Quasi-zero-stiffness (QZS) structures offer substantial practical benefits for facilitating the essential support and isolation of vibrational source loads aboard modern marine vessels. In order to design a compact QZS system of high bearing capacity, the article proposes a low stiffness air spring (LSAS) vibration-isolation mounting system composed of both vertical and lateral air springs. The vertical air springs support the load and isolate vibrations in the vertical direction, while the lateral air springs support the load and isolate transversal vibrations. Theoretical analyses based on a simple two-dimensional, single degree of freedom model demonstrate that the proposed novel LSAS design decreases the degree of stiffness in the support structure that would otherwise be induced by introducing lateral air springs and accordingly increases the vibration isolation effect. Moreover, optimization of the air spring parameters enables the lateral air springs to provide negative stiffness and thereby realize QZS characteristics. Experimental testing based on prototypes of a standard air spring mounting system and the proposed LSAS mounting system demonstrates that the stiffness of the proposed system is about 1/5 that of the standard system. Accordingly, the proposed structure design successfully alleviates the undesirable influence of lateral air springs on the stiffness of the mounting system.
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7

Huang, Yu Yang, Laszlo Horvath, and Péter Böröcz. "Measurement and Analysis of Industrial Forklifts Vibration Levels for Unit Load Testing Purposes." Applied Sciences 11, no. 7 (March 24, 2021): 2901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11072901.

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Анотація:
Forklifts are one of the most common types of material handling equipment used in warehouses and distribution centers. Vibration generated by forklifts may have an effect on the performance of unit loads and product damage rates. Historical research projects have focused predominantly on the measurement of vibration for over-the-road transportation. Thus, there is still a lack of understanding of the level of vibration caused by forklifts. The goal of this study was to understand how the vibration that is experienced by unit loads while being transported by forklifts is affected by factors such as speed, road condition, unit load weight, type of forklift, and sensor location. For this study, power spectral density (PSD) measurements were collected using a Lansmont Saver 9X30 data logger. Vibration levels were measured for three different industrial forklifts on two different surface types. The forklifts were driven at two different speeds while carrying two different unit load weights. For all of these conditions, the vibration levels were measured at the forklift carriage, at the back of the fork tine heel, and at the fork tine tips. The results obtained show that the highest vibrational intensity occurred at 3–4 Hz, while the highest overall Grms value observed was 0.145 G2/Hz (between 1–200 Hz). An increase in the forklift speed caused an increase in vibration intensity. In contrast, an increase in the unit load weight carried by the forklift caused a decrease in vibration intensity. Among the three forklifts studied, the gas-powered forklift had the highest vibration intensity, and all forklifts, when driven on asphalt, experienced more vibration.
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8

Nasirshoaibi, Mehrdad, Nader Mohammadi, and Masih Nasirshoaibi. "Forced Transverse Vibration of a Closed Double Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube System Containing a Fluid with Effect of Compressive Axial Load." Shock and Vibration 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/435284.

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Анотація:
Based on the Rayleigh beam theory, the forced transverse vibrations of a closed double single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) system containing a fluid with a Pasternak layer in-between are investigated. It is assumed that the two single-walled carbon nanotubes of the system are continuously joined by a Pasternak layer and both sides of SWCNTs containing a fluid are closed. The dynamic responses of the system caused by arbitrarily distributed continuous loads are obtained. The effect of compressive axial load on the forced vibrations of the double single-walled carbon nanotube system is discussed for one case of particular excitation loading. The properties of the forced transverse vibrations of the system are found to be significantly dependent on the compressive axial load. The steady-state vibration amplitudes of the SWCNT decrease with increasing of length of SWCNT. Vibrations caused by the harmonic exciting forces are discussed, and conditions of resonance and dynamic vibration absorption are formulated. The SWCNT-type dynamic absorber is a new concept of a dynamic vibration absorber (DVA), which can be applied to suppress excessive vibrations of corresponding SWCNT systems.
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9

Li, Guang Hui, Zhen Yu Wang, Guo Peng Liao, and Guang Yu Tan. "Experimental Study on Critical Vibration for the Load of Motion Platform of Linear Servo Motor." Key Engineering Materials 522 (August 2012): 613–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.522.613.

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Анотація:
Motorized spindle is an execution unit of machine tool. The rotation of a motorized spindle and the cutting of a machine tool are two vibration sources which will impact the feed system. These vibrations will affect processing quality, cause tools failure and destroy machine stability. The signal analysis in time-domain and frequency-domain for two types of vibrations of execution unit load of linear servo motor were conducted respectively in this work, by employing the BZ7201-USB multifunctional data acquisition instrument. From the analysis, the impact of vibration load to the motion precision of execution unit was obtained. As the load vibration will cause overshoot problem as well, the critical vibration range of motion platform was obtained from a research on system PID parameter adjustment for overshoot problem. The results provide experimental data for further research on servo feed system control.
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10

Gunasekaran, Vijay, Jeyaraj Pitchaimani, and Lenin Babu Mailan Chinnapandi. "Free vibration and inherent material damping characteristics of boron-FRP plate: influence of non-uniform uniaxial edge loads." International Journal for Simulation and Multidisciplinary Design Optimization 12 (2021): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/smdo/2021017.

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The current investigation presents the analytical investigation on free vibration and inherent material damping of boron-FRP plate, subjected to non-uniform uniaxial edge loads. Initially critical buckling load (Pcr) is obtained, then followed by free vibration response and inherent material damping values for corresponding modal indices of the FRP plate is calculated for different load fraction of non-uniform uniaxial edge loads. The buckling load and free vibration response are obtained by using strain energy method and Reddy's TSDT respectively. It is observed that the nature of load and aspect ratio influence the bucking, free vibration and inherent material damping behaviour of the fibre reinforced polymer plate significantly.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Vibration load"

1

Kluger, Jocelyn Maxine. "Nonlinear beam-based vibration energy harvesters and load cells." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87958.

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Анотація:
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 216-218).
This thesis studies a novel nonlinear spring mechanism that is comprised of a cantilever wrapping around a curved surface as it deflects. Static force versus displacement tests and dynamic "initial displacement" tests verified the spring theory for a large range of oscillator parameters. Various human motion energy harvester configurations that use the nonlinear spring were numerically optimized for power, robustness, and adaptivity. Based on the optimization results, both the nonlinear and linear devices studied in this thesis generate more power per volume and per mass when excited at one's hip while walking than current commercial energy harvesters. The two degree-of-freedom (2DOF) nonlinear oscillator is more adaptive to different excitation signals and resistant to power decay when parasitic damping is present than the IDOF and 2DOF linear systems. These significant advantages are caused by the 2DOF nonlinear system harvesting its optimal power at large electromagnetic damping coefficients, whereas the optimal power generation for the linear systems occurs at low electromagnetic damping coefficients. This thesis also examined what electromagnetic damping coefficients can be generated by magnet-and-coil geometries that satisfy the energy harvester constraints. The final chapter of this thesis investigates a load cell that uses the stiffening spring to maintain high resolution over a large range of forces and prevent large forces from damaging the load cell. Future work will include testing a full energy harvester prototype and exploring other applications of the nonlinear spring.
by Jocelyn Maxine Kluger.
S.M.
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2

Ramsey, Michael W. "Vibration : Health and Performance – a Panacea of a Great Big Load." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4113.

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3

Leong, Khin C. "The assessment of the buckling load of structural members by vibration measurements." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488283.

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4

Dorbala, Venkata Navaneeta. "Quantification of Cumulative Load on the Knee using a Vibration Emission Method." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35008.

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Анотація:
Background: Epidemiological studies suggest an increased incidence of osteoarthritis among workers in occupations requiring squat-lifting such as in construction, mining and farming. Squat-lifting postures can induce heavy mechanical loads on the joint, causing the articulating surfaces to deform. This can result in changes of vibration characteristics of the joint surfaces. Differences in the vibration characteristics of normal and pathological joints have been established and used in the past for classifying severity of disease. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of cumulative mechanical load on the vibration properties of the knee joint and to gain an understanding of how these properties may relate to an increase in cumulative load placed on the joint. Methods: In this study, cumulative load was measured as the resultant knee joint torque during squat lifting, while a piezoelectric accelerometer was used to capture vibration signals from points on the knee during flexion and extension. Twelve university students were recruited for a repeated measures study. Each participant attended one session where they had to perform a series of six squat-lifting tasks on a force platform. Motion capture equipment was used to obtain kinematic data. The cumulative 3-D moment on the joint was calculated using inverse dynamics. Results: A visual inspection of an ensemble average constructed for the frequency spectrum of all participants revealed that differences may exist in the 750 Hz - 2000 Hz bandwidth for vibrations coming from the patella during flexion. Further statistical analysis by a t-test and ANOVA showed a decrease in the RMS power of the signal captured in this bandwidth before and after mechanical load was induced by squat lifting. A linear regression analysis indicated a significant correlation between cumulative 3-D moment on the knee joint and the median frequency of vibration signals from the patella during flexion in the 1000 Hz - 2500 Hz range. Conclusions: Overall, the results of this study indicate the possibility of a relationship between mechanical exposure on the knee joint and its vibration properties during joint movement. Despite the small sample size, a declining trend was observed in the normalized RMS power of signals with increase in loading. However, the quantitative nature of this relationship is not clear and the current study points towards a non-linear relationship between joint exposure and knee vibrations. Future studies must investigate this possibility using direct measures of joint loading, cartilage deformation and their relation to joint vibrations.
Master of Science
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5

Boggs, Thomas P. "Determination of axial load and support stiffness of continuous beams by vibration analysis." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11102009-020304/.

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6

Boiardi, Andrea. "Study of a Procedure for Unit Load Transport Simulation." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022.

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Анотація:
Accurate transport simulation is necessary to determine the probability that a unitary load might be disassembled or subject to severe structural changes while travelling to its destination. With the evaluations that come from accurate transport simulation companies might be able, for example, to optimize for the amount of plastic to use in the wrapping process of a unitary load. Other than the obvious immense cost reduction given by a lower incidence of product-ruining accidents during transport, optimizing plastic usage would also help avoid over-wrapping, resulting in better environmental outcomes. Currently, multi-axial simulation is more and more being adopted by companies in the hopes of representing more closely the stresses a load is subject to during transport. However, there is no international standard outlining a procedure that one might follow in order to do so, yet. This work starts from the identification of the best methods to record simulation-oriented transport data precisely and reliably. Some recordings of different types of transport have been conducted to highlight their different nature and to show an example of how to use a sensor in different contexts. Then, the main existing methods for simulating transport are analyzed and used to create a new procedure for the selection of the most suitable one, mainly depending on the availability of technological resources and transport data. Lastly, considerations about possible future improvements on this work are presented.
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7

Weigel, Timothy G. "Modeling the Dynamic Interactions between Wood Pallets and Corrugated Containers during Resonance." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28649.

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Анотація:
The unit load is the form of most commercial and industrial products during storage and distribution. A simple form of a unit load, a palletized bulk bin is commonly used to transport fruit and vegetables from the point of harvest to processing facilities. These vibration sensitive products are often subjected to damaging vibrations during this period. Most damage occurs during the large accelerations associated with resonance, which occurs when the natural frequency of the unit load matches the input frequencies commonly encountered during transportation. A computer model, called RoPUL (resonance of palletized unit loads), of a palletized bulk bin loaded with fruit, was developed using finite element analysis techniques. Unit loads consisting of palletized bulk bins of apples and peaches were tested and RoPUL was found to accurately predict the resonant frequencies of these loads. Using RoPUL, the effects of product mass, container design, and pallet design on natural frequencies can be analyzed. As the input frequencies of most transportation modes is well documented, RoPUL can be used to help design a unit load to better protects vibration sensitive products during shipment.
Ph. D.
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8

Stander, Cornelius Johannes. "Condition monitoring of gearboxes operating under fluctuating load conditions." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25604.

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Анотація:
Conventional gearbox vibration monitoring techniques are based on the assumption that changes in the measured structural response are caused by deterioration in the condition of the gears in the gearbox. However, this assumption is not valid under fluctuating load conditions, since the fluctuating load will amplitude modulate the measured vibration signal and cause the rotational speed of the system to change. In general monitoring of machines subject to fluctuating load conditions is dealt with by considering the constant load conditions on gearboxes or during free rotational tests. The need to monitor the condition of large gearboxes in mineral mining equipment has attracted greater interest in order to improve asset management. An inherent need for signal processing techniques, with the ability to indicate degradation in gear condition, under fluctuating load conditions exist. Such techniques should enable the online monitoring of gearboxes that operate under fluctuating load conditions. A continued flow of up to date information should consequently be available for asset and production management. With this research, a load demodulation normalisation procedure was developed to remove the modulation caused by fluctuating load conditions, which obscures the detection of an incipient gear fault conditions. A rotation domain averaging technique is implemented which combines the ability of computer order tracking and time domain averaging to suppress the spectral smearing effect caused by the fluctuation in speed, as well as to suppress the amplitude of the vibration which is not synchronous with the rotation of the gear shaft. It is demonstrated that the instantaneous angular speed of a gearbox shaft can be utilised to monitor the condition of the gear on the shaft. The instantaneous angular speed response measurement is less susceptible to phase distortion introduced by the transmission path when compared to conventional gearbox casing vibration measurements. A phase domain averaging approach was developed to overcome the phase distortion effect of the transmission path under fluctuating load conditions. The load demodulation normalisation and rotation domain averaging signal processing procedures were applied to both the conventional gearbox casing vibration and instantaneous angular speed measurements prior to the calculation of a smoothed pseudo Wigner-Ville distribution of the data. Statistical parameters such as the energy ratio were calculated from the distribution. These parameters could be monotonically trended under different load conditions to indicate the degradation of gear conditions.
Thesis (PhD (Mechanical Engineering))--University of Pretoria, 2005.
Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering
unrestricted
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9

Yadur, Balagangadhar Nakul. "Field Load Data Acquisition with regard to Vibration, Shock and Climate including Self-heating of ECUs." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-161558.

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Анотація:
For the reliability design of Engine Control Unit devices in motor vehicles, the knowledge of stresses occurring in the field within the product service life is essential. In addition to the environmental influences such as temperature, moisture and humidity, vibration and shock issues are in focus. To ensure the robustness of the products and they are still easily and inexpensively made, they must be interpreted appropriately in the development process. For this, the load spectra for the mechanical influences of road conditions and operating conditions are to be determined. Work will also include temperature and humidity values examined on typical installation locations. The essential everyday situations (commuters, taxi, farmer, ...) should be considered. Existing measurement technology must be combined to this end a comprehensive logger system with communication to the vehicle.
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10

Yuan, Lisha. "Optimum First Failure Loads of Sandwich Plates/Shells and Vibrations of Incompressible Material Plates." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/102664.

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Анотація:
Due to high specific strength and stiffness as well as outstanding energy-absorption characteristics, sandwich structures are extensively used in aircraft, aerospace, automobile, and marine industries. With the objective of finding lightweight blast-resistant sandwich structures for protecting infrastructure, we have found, for a fixed areal mass density, one- or two-core doubly-curved sandwich shell's (plate's) geometries and materials and fiber angles of unidirectional fiber-reinforced face sheets for it to have the maximum first failure load under quasistatic (blast) loads. The analyses employ a third-order shear and normal deformable plate/shell theory (TSNDT), the finite element method (FEM), a stress recovery scheme (SRS), the Tsai-Wu failure criterion and the Nest-Site selection (NeSS) optimization algorithm, and assume the materials to be linearly elastic. For a sandwich shell under the spatially varying static pressure on the top surface, the optimal non-symmetric one-core (two-core) design improves the first failure load by approximately 33% (27%) and 50% (36%) from the corresponding optimal symmetric design with clamped and simply-supported edges, respectively. For a sandwich plate under blast loads, it is found that the optimal one-core design is symmetric about the mid-surface with thick face sheets, and the optimal two-core design has a thin middle face sheet and thick top and bottom face sheets. Furthermore, the transverse shear stresses (in-plane transverse axial stresses) primarily cause the first failure in a core (face sheet). For the computed optimal design under a blast load, we also determined the collapse load by using the progressive failure analysis that degrades all elasticities of the failed material point to very small values. The collapse load of the clamped (simply-supported) sandwich structure is approximately 15%–30% (0%–17%) higher than its first failure load. Incompressible materials such as rubbers, polymers, and soft tissues that can only undergo volume preserving deformations have numerous applications in engineering and biomedical fields. Their vibration characteristics are important for using them as wave reflectors at interfaces with a fiber-reinforced sheet. In this work we have numerically analyzed free vibrations of plates made of a linearly elastic incompressible rubber-like material (Poison's ratio = 0.5) by using a TSNDT for incompressible materials and the mixed FEM. The displacements at nodes of a 9-noded quadrilateral element and the hydrostatic pressure at four interior nodes are taken as unknowns. Computed results are found to match well with the corresponding either analytical or numerical ones obtained with the commercial FE software Abaqus and the 3-dimensional linear elasticity theory. The analysis discerns plate's in-plane vibration modes. It is found that a simply supported plate admits more in-plane modes than the corresponding clamped and clamped-free plates.
Doctor of Philosophy
A simple example of a sandwich structure is a chocolate ice cream bar with the chocolate layer replaced by a stiff plate. Another example is the packaging material used to protect electronics during shipping and handling. The intent is to find the composition and the thickness of the "chocolate layer" so that the ice cream bar will not shatter when dropped on the floor. The objective is met by enforcing the chocolate layer with carbon fibers and then finding fiber materials, their alignment, ice cream or core material, and its thickness to resist anticipated loads with a prescribed level of certainty. Thus, a sandwich structure is usually composed of a soft thick core (e.g., foam) bonded to two relatively stiff thin skins (e.g., made of steel, fiber-reinforced composite) called face sheets. They are lightweight, stiff, and effective in absorbing mechanical energy. Consequently, they are often used in aircraft, aerospace, automobile, and marine industries. The load that causes a point in a structure to fail is called its first failure load, and the load that causes it to either crush or crumble is called the ultimate load. Here, for a fixed areal mass density (mass per unit surface area), we maximize the first failure load of a sandwich shell (plate) under static (dynamic) loads by determining its geometric dimensions, materials and fiber angles in the face sheets, and the number (one or two) of cores. It is found that, for a non-uniformly distributed static pressure applied on the central region of a sandwich shell's top surface, an optimal design that has different materials for the top and the bottom face sheets improves the first failure load by nearly 30%-50% from that of the optimally designed structure with identical face sheets. For the structure optimally designed for the first failure blast load, the ultimate failure load with all of its edges clamped (simply supported) is about 15%-30% (0%-17%) higher than its first failure load. This work should help engineers reduce weight of sandwich structures without sacrificing their integrity and save on materials and cost. Rubberlike materials, polymers, and soft tissues are incompressible since their volume remains constant when they are deformed. Plates made of incompressible materials have a wide range of applications in everyday life, e.g., we hear because of vibrations of the ear drum. Thus, accurately predicting their dynamic behavior is important. A first step usually is determining natural frequencies, i.e., the number of cycles of oscillations per second (e.g., a human heart beats at about 1 cycle/sec) completed by the structure in the absence of any externally applied force. Here, we numerically find natural frequencies and mode shapes of rubber-like material rectangular plates with different supporting conditions at the edges. We employ a plate theory that reduces a 3-dimensional (3-D) problem to a 2-D one and the finite element method. The problem is challenging because the incompressibility constraint requires finding the hydrostatic pressure as a part of the problem solution. We show that the methodology developed here provides results that match well with the corresponding either analytical or numerical solutions of the 3-D linear elasticity equations. The methodology is applicable to analyzing the dynamic response of composite structures with layers of incompressible materials embedded in it.
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Книги з теми "Vibration load"

1

Chouw, Nawawi, and Günther Schmid. Wave propagation Moving load – Vibration Reduction. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003211372.

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2

International Workshop Wave 2000 (13-15 December 2000 Bochum, Germany). Wave 2000: Wave propagation, moving load, vibration reduction. Rotterdam, Netherlands: A.A. Balkema, 2000.

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3

Fleming, David P. Transient vibration prediction for rotors on ball bearings using load-dependent non-linear bearing stiffness. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2002.

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4

Alliance, National Steel Bridge. V-load analysis: An approximate procedure, simplified and extended, for determining moments and shears in designing horizontally-curved open-framed highway bridges. Chicago, Ill: National Steel Bridge Alliance, 1996.

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5

Collins, J. Scott. Static and free-vibrational response of semi-circular graphite-epoxy frames with thin-walled open sections. Hampton, Va: Langley Research Center, 1990.

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6

International, Workshop Wave 2002 (2002 Okayamaken Japan). Wave propagation, moving load, vibration reduction: Proceedings of the International Workshop WAVE 2002, Okayama, Japan, 18-20 September 2002. Lisse: Balkema, 2003.

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7

Issa, Mohsen A. Construction loads and vibrations. [Edwardsville, IL]: Illinois Transportation Research Center, Illinois Dept. of Transportation, 1998.

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8

Vibration of solids and structures under moving loads. 3rd ed. London: Thomas Telford, 1999.

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9

Balendra, T. Vibration of Buildings to Wind and Earthquake Loads. London: Springer London, 1993.

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10

Balendra, T. Vibration of Buildings to Wind and Earthquake Loads. London: Springer London, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2055-1.

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Частини книг з теми "Vibration load"

1

Wijker, Jaap. "Random Vibration Load Factors." In Miles' Equation in Random Vibrations, 45–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73114-8_4.

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2

Maurath, Dominic, and Yiannos Manoli. "Load Matching Detector." In CMOS Circuits for Electromagnetic Vibration Transducers, 199–214. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9272-1_7.

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3

Watkins, William H. "Mechanical and Acoustic Load Impedances." In Loudspeaker Physics and Forced Vibration, 45–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91634-3_7.

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4

Alipour, Mohamad, Devin K. Harris, and Osman E. Ozbulut. "Vibration Testing for Bridge Load Rating." In Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series, 175–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29751-4_18.

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5

Maurath, Dominic, and Yiannos Manoli. "Input Load Adapting Charge Pump Interface." In CMOS Circuits for Electromagnetic Vibration Transducers, 159–97. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9272-1_6.

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6

Otsuki, M., and K. Yoshida. "Nonstationary robust vibration control for moving wire." In Wave propagation Moving load – Vibration Reduction, 129–36. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003211372-17.

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7

Hao, H. "Characteristics of dynamic response and damage of RC structures to blast ground motion." In Wave propagation Moving load – Vibration Reduction, 11–23. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003211372-3.

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8

Nagakura, K., and Y. Zenda. "Prediction model of wayside noise level of Shinkansen." In Wave propagation Moving load – Vibration Reduction, 237–44. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003211372-31.

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9

Sato, Y., S. Okamoto, C. Tamura, M. Hakuno, and S. Morichi. "Analyses on accumulation of propagating ground surface wave under running train." In Wave propagation Moving load – Vibration Reduction, 39–46. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003211372-5.

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10

Abe, K., D. Satou, T. Suzuki, and M. Furuta. "Three-dimensional analysis of subway track vibrations due to running wheels." In Wave propagation Moving load – Vibration Reduction, 149–56. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003211372-20.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Vibration load"

1

He, W., S. Wang, C. Zhang, X. Wang, and D. Liu. "Wear analysis of mechanical face seal with random vibration load equivalent to sinusoidal vibration load." In CSAA/IET International Conference on Aircraft Utility Systems (AUS 2020). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/icp.2021.0281.

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Changshuai, Yu, Luo Haitao, and Guo Siwei. "Vibration Test and Vibration Reduction Design of UAV Load Radar." In CACRE2019: 2019 4th International Conference on Automation, Control and Robotics Engineering. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3351917.3351980.

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3

Park, Joonhyung, Perry Gu, Joe Juan, Archie Ni, and James Van Loon. "Operational Spindle Load Estimation Methodology for Road NVH Applications." In SAE 2001 Noise & Vibration Conference & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2001-01-1606.

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4

Gudkov, Yury I., Vladimir N. Azarov, and Alexander L. Tuv. "Fiber optic sensor for monitoring vibration load." In 2016 IEEE Conference on Quality Management, Transport and Information Security, Information Technologies (IT&MQ&IS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itmqis.2016.7751901.

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5

Pierz, Michael P. "Development of a Precision Variable Load Transmission Error Test Device." In SAE 2001 Noise & Vibration Conference & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2001-01-1491.

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6

Liu, J., and D. W. Herrin. "Load Effect on Source Impedance Measurement Accuracy." In SAE 2009 Noise and Vibration Conference and Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2009-01-2041.

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7

Zhu, Jason, Tim Roggenkamp, and Dinghong Yan. "Lab-to-Lab Correlation for Tire Noise Load Cases." In SAE 2003 Noise & Vibration Conference and Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2003-01-1533.

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8

Lin, Cheng, Dandan Zhang, Qinqing Huang, Ruilin Yang, Jing Zhang, and Jiebin Li. "Influence of Load Current on Vibration Signal of On-Load Tap Changers." In 2018 International Conference on Power System Technology (POWERCON). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/powercon.2018.8601665.

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9

Edmonds, David E., and James B. Malosh. "Road Load Dynamometer: Combining Dynamometery With Multi-Axis Vibration Testing." In SAE 2003 Noise & Vibration Conference and Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2003-01-1638.

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10

Yan, Xin, David Herrin, and Nikhil Ghaisas. "Measurement of the Transmission Loss of Thin Panels Using the Two-Load Impedance Tube Method." In Noise and Vibration Conference & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2021-01-1059.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Vibration load"

1

Quinn, Meghan. Geotechnical effects on fiber optic distributed acoustic sensing performance. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41325.

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Анотація:
Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) is a fiber optic sensing system that is used for vibration monitoring. At a minimum, DAS is composed of a fiber optic cable and an optic analyzer called an interrogator. The oil and gas industry has used DAS for over a decade to monitor infrastructure such as pipelines for leaks, and in recent years changes in DAS performance over time have been observed for DAS arrays that are buried in the ground. This dissertation investigates the effect that soil type, soil temperature, soil moisture, time in-situ, and vehicle loading have on DAS performance for fiber optic cables buried in soil. This was accomplished through a field testing program involving two newly installed DAS arrays. For the first installation, a new portion of DAS array was added to an existing DAS array installed a decade prior. The new portion of the DAS array was installed in four different soil types: native fill, sand, gravel, and an excavatable flowable fill. Soil moisture and temperature sensors were buried adjacent to the fiber optic cable to monitor seasonal environmental changes over time. Periodic impact testing was performed at set locations along the DAS array for over one year. A second, temporary DAS array was installed to test the effect of vehicle loading on DAS performance. Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of the DAS response was used for all the tests to evaluate the system performance. The results of the impact testing program indicated that the portions of the array in gravel performed more consistently over time. Changes in soil moisture or soil temperature did not appear to affect DAS performance. The results also indicated that time DAS performance does change somewhat over time. Performance variance increased in new portions of array in all material types through time. The SNR in portions of the DAS array in native silty sand material dropped slightly, while the SNR in portions of the array in sand fill and flowable fill material decreased significantly over time. This significant change in performance occurred while testing halted from March 2020 to August 2020 due to the Covid-19 pandemic. These significant changes in performance were observed in the new portion of test bed, while the performance of the prior installation remained consistent. It may be that, after some time in-situ, SNR in a DAS array will reach a steady state. Though it is unfortunate that testing was on pause while changes in DAS performance developed, the observed changes emphasize the potential of DAS to be used for infrastructure change-detection monitoring. In the temporary test bed, increasing vehicle loads were observed to increase DAS performance, although there was considerable variability in the measured SNR. The significant variation in DAS response is likely due to various industrial activities on-site and some disturbance to the array while on-boarding and off-boarding vehicles. The results of this experiment indicated that the presence of load on less than 10% of an array channel length may improve DAS performance. Overall, this dissertation provides guidance that can help inform the civil engineering community with respect to installation design recommendations related to DAS used for infrastructure monitoring.
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2

Vehicle Surge Reduction Technology during Towing in Parallel HEV Pickup Truck. SAE International, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2022-01-0613.

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Анотація:
This paper proposes a technology to reduce vehicle surge during towing that utilizes motors and shifting to help ensure comfort in a parallel HEV pickup truck. Hybridization is one way to reduce fuel consumption and help realize carbon neutrality. Parallel HEVs have advantages in the towing, hauling, and high-load operations often carried out by pickup trucks, compared to other HEV systems. Since the engine, motor, torque converter, and transmission are connected in series in a parallel HEV, vehicle surge may occur when the lockup clutch is engaged to enhance fuel efficiency, similar to conventional powertrains. Vehicle surge is a low-frequency vibration phenomenon. In general, the source is torque fluctuation caused by the engine and tires, with amplification provided by first-order torsional driveline resonance, power plant resonance, suspension resonance, and cabin resonance. This vibration is amplified more during towing. Therefore, this paper proposes two surge reduction technologies to help achieve fuel efficiency and surge at the same time during towing. One technology is a gear shift control that avoids engine operating zones where two or more resonance frequencies coincide, which is realized by changing the equivalent inertia via appropriate gear selection. The second technology is an anti-vibration control, which makes effective use of the hybrid system motors by adding motor torque to suppress the relative displacement between the driveline and the tires.
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