Готові списки джерел за темами / United Nation Global Compact

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "United Nation Global Compact"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022
Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "United Nation Global Compact"

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Post, James E. "The United Nations Global Compact." Business & Society 52, no. 1 (September 19, 2012): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0007650312459926.

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Rasche, Andreas, Sandra Waddock, and Malcolm McIntosh. "The United Nations Global Compact." Business & Society 52, no. 1 (September 25, 2012): 6–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0007650312459999.

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Teller, David. "United Nations Global Compact Cities Programme." Journal of Corporate Citizenship 2003, no. 11 (September 1, 2003): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.9774/gleaf.4700.2003.au.00014.

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Gilbert, Dirk Ulrich, and Michael Behnam. "Trust and the United Nations Global Compact." Business & Society 52, no. 1 (September 21, 2012): 135–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0007650312459852.

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McAdam, Jane. "Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration." International Legal Materials 58, no. 1 (February 2019): 160–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ilm.2019.6.

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On September 19, 2016, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a set of commitments to enhance the protection of refugees and migrants, known as the New York Declaration for Refugees and Migrants. In the Declaration, all 193 member states of the United Nations reaffirmed the importance of the international protection regime and committed to strengthening and enhancing mechanisms to protect people on the move. They also agreed to work toward the adoption of a global compact on refugees and a global compact for safe, orderly and regular migration. These two compacts were drafted through separate processes over eighteen months in 2017–18 and formally adopted by the General Assembly in December 2018. One hundred and fifty-two states voted in favor of the adoption of the Migration Compact, while twelve countries abstained from the vote (Algeria, Australia, Austria, Bulgaria, Chile, Italy, Latvia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Romania, Singapore, and Switzerland), and five countries voted against (Czech Republic, Hungary, Israel, Poland, and the United States).
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Fisher, Cliff, John F. Hulpke, Aidan Kelly, Cubie Lau, and Susanna Taylor. "United Nations Global Compact (UNGC): An Education Opportunity." Academy of Management Proceedings 2015, no. 1 (January 2015): 17420. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2015.17420abstract.

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Sethi, S. Prakash, and Donald H. Schepers. "United Nations Global Compact: The Promise–Performance Gap." Journal of Business Ethics 122, no. 2 (February 7, 2013): 193–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-013-1629-y.

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Berliner, Daniel, and Aseem Prakash. "The United Nations Global Compact: An Institutionalist Perspective." Journal of Business Ethics 122, no. 2 (June 2014): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2217-5.

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Rasche, Andreas, and Dirk Ulrich Gilbert. "Institutionalizing global governance: the role of the United Nations Global Compact." Business Ethics: A European Review 21, no. 1 (December 12, 2011): 100–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8608.2011.01642.x.

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Leisinger, Klaus M. "Opportunities and Risks of the United Nations Global Compact." Journal of Corporate Citizenship 2003, no. 11 (September 1, 2003): 113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.9774/gleaf.4700.2003.au.00013.

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Дисертації з теми "United Nation Global Compact"

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Bonatto, Heitor. "The United Nations global compact : estudo de caso na Ericsson do Brasil." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/27502.

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Em 2000, a Organização das Nações Unidas lançou a iniciativa denominada “Pacto Global”, com o objetivo de dar uma face mais humana ao processo da globalização. Esta iniciativa estabeleceu dez princípios que as empresas, entre outros participantes, devem seguir para implementá-los no dia a dia de suas operações. A Ericsson foi uma das empresas fundadoras da iniciativa e, até hoje, faz parte do grupo. A presente dissertação, portanto, busca analisar como a Ericsson do Brasil está implementando os princípios do Pacto Global das Nações Unidas em sua esfera de influência. Para compreender a forma como está ocorrendo, neste estudo foi realizado um estudo de caso da subsidiária brasileira, baseando-se na análise de documentos institucionais, na observação e entrevista realizada com o Gerente da empresa. Conclui-se que a Ericsson do Brasil ainda está em processo de implementação dos princípios, destacando-se no que concerne ao gerenciamento da cadeia de fornecedores estar em avançado estágio de implementação.
In 2000 the United Nations launched the Global Compact initiative for the purpose of giving a more human face to globalization. This initiative sets out ten principles that companies and other participants should proceed to implement in the day to day operations. Ericsson was one of the founders of the initiative and today is part of the group. This dissertation aims to analyze how the Ericsson in Brazil is implementing the principles of the UN Global Compact in its sphere of influence. To understand how, the dissertation was based on case study of the Brazilian subsidiary and the analysis was made by institutional documents, observation and interviews with the manager of the company. The conclusion demonstrates that Ericsson in Brazil is still in the process of implementing the principles emphasizing that when it comes to managing the supply chain is in the advanced stage of implementation.
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Ilag, Greg M. "An examination of the entity participants' collaborative partnerships within the United Nations Global Compact." Thesis, University of Phoenix, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3736712.

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The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to examine the factors that influence the collaborative partnership effectiveness (CPE) among entity participants of the UN Global Compact (Global Compact). A survey hosted in the internet SurveyMonkey website was used to collect the data from 90 Global Compact participants. Data collected were analyzed using the Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software Version 21.0 for Windows. A combination of statistical tests such as multiple linear regressions (MLR) and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) were used to provide answers to the three research questions: (a) to what extent collaboration readiness scores predict willingness and ability to collaborate, (b) to what extent differences in CPE scores exist in participant’s job title or position, and (c) to what extent differences in CPE scores exist in entity’s amount of experience. Research results showed statistical evidence that collaboration readiness is a significant predictor of participants’ willingness and ability to collaborate effectively. Other findings of the study indicated that job title or position had no significant difference in CPE. CEOs and other positions showed statistically similar readiness, as well as willingness and ability to collaborate effectively. Additional findings indicated that experience was not a significant factor in CPE. Participants with lesser number of collaboration experiences were equally ready, willing, and able to collaborate compared to those participants who had greater number of collaboration experiences.

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Galindo, Abarca Maria Fernanda. "Neo-institutionalism and corporate responsibility initiatives : the case of cement corporations in Mexico adopting the United Nations Global Compact." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2014. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/63681/.

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This study adds to institutional theory. It addresses the paradox of embedded agency, which has been central in the study of institutions and organizations, i.e. how can actors change institutions when they are conditioned by the same institution they are trying to change? This debate is addressed by analyzing the process organizations follow when adopting the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC). The research is based on theory generation from case study evidence. It is an interpretative study based on four cases of adoption of the UNGC in the cement industry in Mexico. The study takes into account the interaction between three levels of analysis: field; organizational; and individual. Early neo-institutional studies neglected intra-organizational phenomena. However, this study shows how individual behavior provides the micro-foundations necessary to address the paradox of embedded agency. The study relates theory to practice. It offers insight to the principle- and reporting-based Corporate Responsibility Initiatives (“CRIs”) phenomenon; there is no prior research on the process organizations follow when adopting these initiatives. This research constructs a model, showing how principle- and reporting-based CRIs are translated, not diffused, when incorporated by organizations. The process of translation explains how initiatives are reshaped and reinvented when taken-up by individuals in organizations. However the diffusion model is more accepted among managers, mainly because it offers the illusion of control, while the translation model shows the uncertainty and ambiguity of the adoption process (Czarniawska, 2008). At the individual-level, this study shows the active role of individuals in change processes. It explains how the recursive relationship between the actions of translators intending to change institutionalized practices, and the resistance they encounter, feeds the translation process. Translators are embedded in the organization and are reproducing established activities. But they use their embeddedness to overcome resistance and change the taken-for-granted way of working. At the organizational-level, this empirical study shows how change is a way of achieving the substantive implementation of newly adopted initiatives, and how resistance promotes change. The study shows how institutional pressures are influential; they result in processual isomorphism. The four organizations, despite their different governance structures, are following the same translation process. However, this study links the macro-processes of isomorphism to the microprocesses explaining intra-organizational phenomena; it finds that homogeneous processes also result in heterogeneous actions. The specific activities implemented by each organization are idiosyncratic. These heterogeneous actions are the result of the interaction between the institutional environment and the resistance encountered by translators within the organization. In this way, this study shows how the UNGC is impacting organizational practices. How much organizations benefit from joining the UNGC depends on the level of development of their CSR programs and strategies at the time of the UNGC's adoption.
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Nissim, Donata, and Tatenda Mugwira. "Sustainability reporting and the related challenges of the United Nations Global Compact signatories : A qualitative study in the Nordic region." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-149361.

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Abstract Sustainability has been one of the most discussed topics among the business world and society for the last decade. The globally growing concern about sustainability related issues has led to businesses and non-businesses meet the demand of their stakeholders by producing a sustainability report to demonstrate their work and development in sustainability and how they have measured it. There has been a fast-growing trend of sustainability reporting in few years and there are a number of different initiatives and requirements that define what kind of sustainability reports are produced. From the different sustainability initiatives, the largest principle-based initiative is the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC) with almost 13 000 signatories and the largest reporting-based initiative is the Global reporting initiative (GRI). These two initiatives entered in to a partnership in 2010 with the aim of the GRI providing guidance for the signatories on how to disclose information from different areas in sustainability in their sustainability reports. There has been previous research that criticized the UNGC to be too broad and the principles difficult to translate in to sustainability reporting despite the existing partnership with the GRI. These previous studies expressed the lack of qualitative studies about the subject especially from the signatories’ perspective and the importance of approaching the topic from a practical point of view. The purpose of our research study was to create an understanding of the practicalities in UNGC signatories’ sustainability reporting, the challenges they face in the progress and how are they approaching those challenges. The thesis focuses on the Nordic region and the two research questions are:   How are the UNGC signatories practically translating the 10 principles into their sustainability reporting? What challenges do UNGC signatories find in sustainability reporting in general and how have they approached these challenges?   To answer these research questions the authors conducted a qualitative study by semi-structured interviews with company representatives from different Nordic UNGC signatories. The research study identified how do they practically identify what to report about the principles which is determined by materiality assessment provided by the GRI framework. This determines what is material for the company and its industry and focus on those areas in their sustainability report. Legal requirements, internal regulations and other commitments were also identified guiding sustainability reporting. The main challenges related to the sustainability reporting were mainly about data related issues, satisfying the stakeholders and the high number of different frameworks and regulations that are not necessarily interrelated. Majority of the participants approached these challenges by carrying out the materiality assessment as accurate and clear as possible in order to avoid data related difficulties. Some participants offer their different stakeholders with sustainability related information by different forms in order to make the sustainability reporting easier to read and understand. For the high number of frameworks and regulations, the participants have expectations for alignment among them in the future in order to make the reporting easier for everyone involved with sustainability reporting. The results of our findings were supported by theories and concepts such as the stakeholder’s theory, signalling theory and the CSR concept. Previous studies about sustainability reporting and UNGC were also compared to our findings in the analysis.
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Johansson, Emma. "Flying Carpets from East to West : An Examination on Corporate Social Responsibility within the Indian Carpet Industry." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, SV, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-22020.

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Corporate social responsibility is a concept widely discussed by businesses and has come to describe the relationship between business and society. For some it means the idea o legal responsibility, an ethical behaviour and some equate it with charitable contribution. The World Business Council for Sustainable Development (Hopkins, 2007: 25) defines CSR as follows:   "Corporate Social Responsibility is the continuing commitment by business to contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the community and society at large."   The relationship is increasingly striving to counteract a variety of problems that are associated with the contemporary globalization, such as violation of human and labour rights along with environmental challenges and is well-mentioned both by academics and businessmen. Within the Indian carpet industry, child labour has become a hot topic due to major scandals on the issues in the 1990s. Though, the meaning of corporate social responsibility is less common. The purpose of this study is to examine the Indian carpet industry’s awareness and use of the international agenda of corporate social responsibility, hence how the carpet export houses approach the responsibility. Also, the purpose is to examine how the carpet weavers are affected by the policies and actions of the export houses.   A field study with an ethnographical approach has been conducted through the use of interviews and observations in the district of Bhadohi, state of Uttar Pradesh in India. The interviewees consisted of workers working with the finishing processes of carpets at two export houses’ factories as well as carpet weavers at the looms in the villages. The findings from the interviews were analyzed through the use of parts of the Sustainable Livelihood Framework and with this approach the weavers’ access to assets is analyzed in relation to the export houses’ applying of the international agenda of CSR, more precise in this study, the UN Global Compact’s principles of CSR. The main findings from this study show that the CSR principles of the UN Global Compact were followed to different extents by the export houses since they are prioritizing some principles before others. The distribution of responsibilities differs depending on the management of the export house, mainly because of how the demands from the buyers and consumers look like. Also, the prioritizing of the export houses has become to affect the weavers’ socio-economic situation and for some the access to assets has increased. Furthermore, the study reveal that corporate social responsibility to a large extent is directed and influenced by the buyers’ and consumers’ (mainly stationed abroad in Western countries) demand. Thereby, through the complex system of sub-contracting, carpet weavers are affected differently since CSR is interpreted and used in various ways that are considered as most “suitable” to the export house.
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Viklund, Johan. "Corporate Responses to the Global Compact and the UN norms: A difference in preference? : A Case-study on corporations` response to voluntary and legally binding initiatives." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Social Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-1460.

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This paper examines corporate responses to the voluntary UN initiative; the Global Compact and the legally binding UN Norms initiative that are attempts, at the urging of the international community, at different types of regulation of corporate activity in international socio-economic settings. This examination is done within the framework of the Modern World-Systems theory and both questions of the paper are therefore grounded in the MWS theory`s possibility to predict and explain the corporations` response to the two initiatives. The two hypotheses used in this paper are corresponding to the questions and they state that the MWS theory can answer the two questions. The paper therefore employs an overreaching congruence method that uses the MWS theory to predict and explain the outcome of the case study and a complementary descriptive argumentation analysis. This is conducted in order to attain the data needed and to elucidate what the differences and similarities are between the two initiatives and what aspect can be attributed most explanatory value to understand the possible differences in attitude by the corporations. The outcome of the case study shows that corporations are more in favor of the Global Compact then they are concerning the UN norms which they opposes vehemently. This difference in reaction is attributed to the latter’s legally binding principle and this is in accord with the logic of the MWS theory which is granted high predictable and explanatory value concerning the corporations` response to the Global Compact and the UN norms.

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Dambrauskienė, Aelita. "Socialiai atsakingo verslo skatinimas ir įgyvendinimas Lietuvoje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20140626_183805-94861.

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Atsakingo verslo idėja aktuali tiek viso pasaulio, tiek ir Lietuvos verslininkams, kaip veiksnys, didinantis įmonių konkurencingumą rinkoje. Ji gali padėti gerinti santykius su vartotojais, partneriais, investuotojais bei užtikrinti verslo ilgalaikiškumą ir stabilumą. Šiame darbe buvo stengiamasi, remiantis Lietuvos bei užsienio autorių moksliniais darbais, atskleisti socialinės atsakomybės sampratą, jos svarbą šiuolaikiniam verslui, išskyriau esminius socialinės atsakomybės teiginius ir teikiamą naudą, bei apžvelgiau ĮSA (CSR) taikymo sritis ir jose naudojamus principus. Taip pat darbe yra palyginama Lietuvos situaciją ĮSA kontekste su kitomis valstybėmis: Jungtinėmis Karalystėmis, Olandija, Belgija ir Latvija. Įvertinama kas yra pasiekta mūsų šalyje, skatinant socialinę atsakomybę, ir kokias ĮSA iniciatyvas dar reikia plėtoti ir įgyvendinti, remiantis užsienio šalių patirtimi. Lietuvoje socialinė atsakomybė kol kas nauja sąvoka ir dar gana neįprasti rūpesčiai verslo atstovams. Todėl Lietuvoje yra atlikta ne daug tyrimų apie socialiai atsakingo verslo skatinimą bei jo įgyvendinimą versle. Mano inicijuojamas tyrimo tikslas buvo indentifikuoti pagrindines ĮSA skatinimo priemones ir būdus, įvertinti jų reikšmę ir pritaikymą praktiškai, kartu pateikiant pasiūlymus, kas paspartinų ir sudarytų palankesnes sąlygas ĮSA plėtrai tarp Lietuvos įmonių. Tyrimas parodė, kad Lietuvoje vis dar trūksta supratimo ir informacijos apie socialinę atsakomybę, trūksta kompetetingų ĮSA specialistų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The scale of cultural values of the organizations in the advanced countries has expanded recently significantly in the XX century. The organizations began comprehend clearly that they are the part of the social system and that relations between the organization ant the society, and between different systems (ecosystem, technical) are very important. Therefore, in the scale of the organizational values the new value like social responsibility has appeared. The idea of the responsible business is relevant for Lithuanian businessmen and all the world businessmen as the factor which may increase the competetiveness between the companies. This idea may assist to improve relations with consumers, partners, investors and insure the stability of the business. The author in this work on the grounds of the studies Lithuanian and foreign authors discloses the concept of the social responsibility, its importance to modern business, emphasizes important statements about social responsibility and its benefit and surveys the application areas of ĮSA (CSR) and their principles. The author also compares in this work situation in Lithuania and in other countries (the United Kingdom, Holland, Belgium, Latvia) on the subject of ĮSA. The author analyses the achievements in promoting social responsibility and ĮSA initiatives which the organizations need to promote and implement according to foreign practice. It should be mentioned that the social responsibility is quite new concept for Lithuanian... [to full text]
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Mitchell, Samantha Laura. "Environmental, social and corporate governance reporting : perspectives from the Johannesburg Stock Exchange and an international metals and mining sample." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95862.

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Thesis (MComm) – Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Global interest in responsible investing has grown in recent years. To make effective decisions, responsible investors require listed companies to report on financial and nonfinancial performance, giving particular attention to environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) considerations. This study was undertaken to address the paucity of academic research on ESG reporting in South Africa. A number of local studies had focused on environmental and governance reporting, but no studies had taken a holistic view of ESG reporting. Nor had any studies focused on the metals and mining industry in particular. This is a very important industry from an economic and ESG perspective, both in South Africa and internationally. The primary objective of this study was two-fold. Firstly, it was to investigate the extent of ESG reporting (both in South Africa and in a sample of international Metals and Mining companies). The second objective was to evaluate the factors that could potentially influence ESG reporting in these two samples. A positivistic research methodology was adopted as this approach allowed the researcher to test the stated research hypotheses. Quantitative secondary data were thus collected and analysed. The data collection process consisted of three phases: the first phase involved an extensive literature review of the key constructs; the second phase dealt with the collection of data for the dependent variable (Overall ESG score) from MSCI ESG Research’s database; and the third phase entailed collecting data for the 12 independent variables from Bureau van Dijk and selected websites. MSCI ESG Research’s universe was used to establish the two samples used in this study. The JSE sample consisted of 110 listed companies, whereas the international Metals and Mining sample consisted of 173 companies. Because MSCI ESG Research had completed only one year of ESG research when this study commenced, only data for 2012 were available. Descriptive and inferential statistics were completed to analyse the data. The empirical findings of the JSE sample show that the Governance pillar mean score was significantly higher than the Social pillar mean score and the Environmental pillar mean score. ESG reporting was found to be positively associated with companies which were included in the Nedbank Green Index. Companies included in the JSE Socially Responsible Index produced significantly better ESG reports than those excluded from the index. Significant differences were also noted in the Overall ESG score based on the nature of the industry in which a company operated. In the international Metals and Mining sample, two statistically significant relationships were found: larger companies had higher ESG score than smaller companies; and the greater the ownership concentration in a company, the better the ESG reporting on average. Four statistically significant differences were observed. Companies included in the FTSE4Good Index Series had better ESG scores than companies excluded from the index. Companies in developed countries had better ESG reporting than companies in emerging markets. The third difference related to companies which used the Global Reporting Initiative’s guidelines. These companies had higher Overall ESG scores than those which did not use the guidelines. The same applies to companies which were participants of the UN Global Compact and those who were not. It was concluded that investors who favour sound ESG reporting (and hence ESG management) should ideally focus on larger companies, those which are included in an responsible investing index, use the Global Reporting Initiative’s guidelines, and are participants of the UN Global Compact. Listed companies, particularly those in the Metals and Mining industry, should give more attention to environmental and social considerations, to the overall quality of their ESG reports, and should make more use of available initiatives to aid non-financial reporting.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die afgelope jare het belangstelling in verantwoordelike beleggings wêreldwyd toegeneem. Ten einde verantwoordelike beleggers in staat te stel om doeltreffende besluite te neem, moet genoteerde maatskappye oor hul finansiële én nie-finansiële prestasie verslag doen, met bepaalde klem op omgewings-, maatskaplike en korporatiewe beheer (OMB) kwessies. Hierdie studie is onderneem om ’n leemte in akademiese navorsing oor verslagdoening in Suid-Afrika te vul. ’n Aantal plaaslike studies het al op omgewings- en beheerverslagdoening gekonsentreer, maar geen navorsing tot dusver het OMB-verslagdoening holisties beskou nie. Ook het geen studies nog die soeklig op die metaal- en mynboubedryf in die besonder gewerp nie. Hierdie is ’n baie belangrike bedryf uit ’n ekonomiese en OMB-oogpunt, in Suid-Afrika sowel as internasionaal. Die hoofoogmerk van hierdie studie was tweeledig. Eerstens wou die studie ondersoek instel na die omvang van OMB-verslagdoening (by ’n Suid-Afrikaanse steekproef sowel as ’n steekproef van internasionale metaal- en mynboumaatskappye). Tweedens wou die navorsing die faktore bepaal wat ’n moontlike invloed op die OMB-verslagdoening van hierdie twee steekproewe kan hê. ’n Positivistiese navorsingsmetodologie is gebruik, aangesien hierdie benadering die navorser in staat gestel het om die navorsingshipoteses te toets. Kwantitatiewe sekondêre data was dus ingesamel en ontleed. Die data-insamelingsproses het uit drie fases bestaan: In die eerste fase was ’n omvattende literatuurstudie oor die hoofkonstrukte onderneem; die tweede fase het uit data-insameling oor die afhanklike veranderlike (algehele OMB-telling) uit die databasis van MSCI ESG Research bestaan, terwyl die derde fase data-insameling oor die 12 onafhanklike veranderlikes uit Bureau van Dijk en op uitgesoekte webtuistes behels het. Die universum van MSCI ESG Research is gebruik om die twee steekproewe in hierdie studie te bepaal. Die Suid-Afrikaanse steekproef het uit 110 genoteerde maatskappye bestaan, terwyl die steekproef van internasionale metaal- en mynboumaatskappye 173 entiteite ingesluit het. Aangesien MSCI ESG Research met die aanvang van hierdie studie nog net een jaar van OMB-navorsing onderneem het, was data slegs vir 2012 beskikbaar. Beskrywende en inferensiële statistieke is ontwikkel om die data te ontleed. Die empiriese bevindinge van die Suid-Afrikaanse-steekproef lewer ’n beduidend hoër gemiddelde telling vir beheerverslagdoening as vir maatskaplike en omgewingsverslagdoening op. OMB-verslagdoening blyk ’n positiewe korrelasie te toon met maatskappye wat by Nedbank se groen-indeks ingesluit is. Maatskappye wat ingesluit was in die Johannesburg Effektebeurs se indeks vir maatskaplike verantwoordelikheid het op hulle beurt aansienlik beter OMB-verslae opgestel as dié buite die indeks. Beduidende verskille in algehele OMB-tellings is ook opgemerk op grond van die aard van die bedryf waarin ’n maatskappy funksioneer. In die internasionale metaal- en mynbousteekproef is twee statisties beduidende verwantskappe aangetref: Groter maatskappye het ’n hoër OMB-telling as kleiner maatskappye getoon, en hoe hoër die eienaarskapskonsentrasie in ’n maatskappy, hoe beter die OMB-verslagdoening oor die algemeen. Vier statisties beduidende verskille is boonop waargeneem. Maatskappye wat deel was van die FTSE4Good-indeksreeks het beter OMBtellings opgelewer as maatskappye buite die indeks, en maatskappye in ontwikkelde lande het beter gevaar met OMB-verslagdoening as dié in ontluikende markte. Die derde verskil hou verband met maatskappye wat die riglyne van die Globale Verslagdoeningsinisiatief (GRI) volg, wat algeheel hoër OMB-tellings gehad het as diegene wat nié die riglyne gebruik nie. Dieselfde geld vir maatskappye wat aan die Verenigde Nasies (VN) se wêreldverdrag (“Global Compact”) deelneem en diegene wat nie deelneem nie. Die gevolgtrekking word gemaak dat beleggers wat goeie OMB-verslagdoening (en dus goeie OMB-bestuur) verkies, behoort te konsentreer op groter maatskappye, maatskappye wat by ’n indeks vir verantwoordelike belegging ingesluit is, wat die riglyne van die Internasionale Verslagdoeningsinisiatief volg, en wat aan die VN se wêreldverdrag deelneem. Genoteerde maatskappye, veral dié in die metaal- en mynboubedryf, behoort ook meer aandag te skenk aan omgewings- en maatskaplike sake sowel as die algehele gehalte van hul verslae, en behoort meer gebruik te maak van beskikbare inisiatiewe om nie-finansiële verslagdoening te ondersteun.
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Ghaibeh, Huda Julie. "The United Nations Global Compact's human rights principles| An analysis." Thesis, University of Colorado at Denver, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1556855.

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This thesis aims to determine the effectiveness of the largest corporate social responsibility initiative, the United Nations Global Compact, in the protection of human rights by businesses. Certain scholars critique the Compact's human rights principles and voluntary aspect while others support it. The main critique is that the principles fail to provide adequate direction to businesses. However, my assertion is that the voluntary initiative's human rights principles are effective. I have relied on secondary literature in analyzing the paths of a number of signatory businesses, each from differing sectors, in addressing human rights. It appears that the vagueness of the principles serves a purpose for businesses of different industry types and contexts. In other words, my originally proposed thesis was strengthened after examining how various signatory businesses have sought to support human rights. Rather than turning the principles into a highly structured code of conduct for all businesses as the critics have argued, I argue that the principles should remain general and that more detailed direction must be developed for each individual business according to industry type, geographical location, size, and other particular circumstances.

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Tupler, Marion. "Le Pacte mondial : pertinence normative et applicabilité effective." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB186.

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Face à l'intensification des flux et échanges liés à la mondialisation, et un besoin croissant d'un développement durable encadré, les Nations Unies ont mis au point il y a quinze ans une initiative collective : le Pacte mondial. Cette Déclaration en quatre volets regroupant les enjeux environnementaux, le respect des droits de l'Homme, les normes internationales de travail et la lutte contre la corruption, est alors analysée pour en mesurer l'efficacité et l'impact sur le développement. Il s'agit d'en comprendre les mécanismes et d'identifier les outils déployés dans l'application de cette norme de soft law appartenant au corpus législatif international
The United Nations are confronted by the intensification of the streams and exchanges linked with the globalization, as the same time as a fundamental necessity of sustainable development. That is why they developed, fifteen years ago, an international initiative: the UN Global Compact. The Declaration contains four sections on environmental protection, Human rights, International Labour standards and anti-corruption norms. This research analyses the efficacy and the impact of the Declaration on the development, in order to understand mechanisms and to identify the deployed tools in the application of this soft law norm, as member of international legal corpus
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Книги з теми "United Nation Global Compact"

1

Ki-moon, Ban. The United Nations Global Compact. Edited by Andreas Rasche and Georg Kell. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511762642.

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Kristian. Hukum korporasi ditinjau dalam the United Nations Global Compact: Suatu pengantar. Edited by Tresnawati 1981 editor. Bandung: Penerbit Nuansa Aulia, 2014.

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H, Dunning John, ed. The UN and transnational corporations: From code of conduct to global compact. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2008.

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Nelson, Jane. Building partnerships: Cooperation between the United Nations system and the private sector. New York: United Nations, Dept. of Public Information, 2002.

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Subprime nation: American power, global capital, and the housing bubble. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2009.

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6

The measure of a nation: How to regain America's competitive edge and boost our global standing. Amherst, N.Y: Prometheus Books, 2012.

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Lindley-French, Julian. Enhancing stabilization and reconstruction operations: A global dialogue between the European Union and the United States. Washington, DC: CSIS Press, 2009.

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Berberoglu, Berch. Globalization of capital and the nation-state: Imperialism, class struggle, and the state in the age of global capitalism. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2003.

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An overview of the Compact of Free Association between the United States and the Republic of the Marshall Islands: Are changes needed? : hearing before the Subcommittee on Asia, the Pacific, and the Global Environment of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, first session, July 25, 2007. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2008.

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The United Nations Global Compact. Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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Частини книг з теми "United Nation Global Compact"

1

Schmiedeknecht, Maud Helene. "United Nations Global Compact." In Encyclopedia of Sustainable Management, 1–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02006-4_536-1.

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von Gagern, Sophie, and Johanna Raphaela Wahl. "Der United Nations Global Compact und das Deutsche Global Compact Netzwerk – Berichtsformat und Lernplattform zugleich." In Management-Reihe Corporate Social Responsibility, 67–78. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57307-5_6.

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Williams, Oliver F. "The United Nations Global Compact: What Did It Promise?" In Issues in Business Ethics, 327–43. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-2111-8_20.

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Vasavada, Triparna, and Sohee Kim. "Corporate Social Responsibility and the United Nations Global Compact Initiative." In Nonprofit and Civil Society Studies, 177–97. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6915-9_8.

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Ozsozgun Caliskan, Arzu, and Emel Esen. "Reputation Indicators of Participating Companies to United Nations Global Compact." In Accounting, Finance, Sustainability, Governance & Fraud: Theory and Application, 41–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3212-7_3.

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Robinson-Easley, Christopher Anne. "Reclaiming Our World: The United Nations Global Compact in the Midst of a Vision of Change." In Leadership for Global Systemic Change, 107–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38949-3_6.

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Rasche, Andreas. "‘A Necessary Supplement’ — What the United Nations Global Compact Is (and Is Not)." In Corporate Social and Human Rights Responsibilities, 52–76. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230294615_3.

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Sethi, S. Prakash, and Donald H. Schepers. "United Nations Global Compact: An Assessment of Ten Years of Progress, Achievements, and Shortfalls." In Globalization and Self-Regulation, 249–75. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230348578_8.

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Danisi, Carmelo, Moira Dustin, Nuno Ferreira, and Nina Held. "Life in the Countries of Origin, Departure and Travel Towards Europe." In IMISCOE Research Series, 139–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69441-8_5.

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AbstractAccording to the United Nations (UN), at least 258 million people are moving across countries around the globe, consciously or unconsciously, in search of a safe and dignified life (IOM 2019; UN 2017). The international attempt to regulate these movements through the so-called Compacts seems unlikely to provide effective solutions. Often criticised as being non-binding instruments but with great potential in shaping states’ future behaviour (Türk 2018), the Compacts are not explicit in including SOGI minorities in the measures to be adopted through international cooperation for improving the management of migration and refugee flows, while respecting their human rights. It is noticeable that objective no. 7 (‘Address and reduce vulnerabilities in migration’) of the Global Compact related to migration refers to ‘victims of violence, including sexual and gender-based violence (…) [and] persons who are discriminated against on any basis’ as examples of vulnerable groups and, more generally, advances the development of gender-responsive migration policies (Atak et al. 2018). Equally, the Global Compact on Refugees pays attention in all fields to ‘sexual and gender-based violence’, while calling upon states to strengthen international efforts to prevent and combat it (paras. 5, 13, 51, 57, 59, 72 and 75). Yet, although this wording may be inclusive of SOGI, the Compacts avoided any specific reference or commitment in relation either to migrants who identify themselves as LGBTIQ+ or to SOGI claimants, perhaps owing to the need for the widest possible consensus among UN member states to secure the Compacts’ adoption. This represents a missed opportunity to raise awareness of SOGI asylum claimants’ needs at the universal level and speed up multilateral solutions to the movements across countries of people fleeing homophobia and transphobia.
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Singh, Satyendra. "How United Nations Global Compact Impacts Business Performance: The Mediating Role of Quality of Life of Employees in Emerging Market." In Marketing Challenges in a Turbulent Business Environment, 269. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19428-8_68.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "United Nation Global Compact"

1

Bulgakova, Iuliia, and Sergei Nabok. "The United Nations Global Compact as a Global Governance Mechanism of Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainable Development." In International Scientific and Practical Conference on Sustainable Development of Regional Infrastructure. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0010586100590064.

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Cooper, Jennifer. "Global Occupational Hazard: Silica Dust." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-87509.

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One of the oldest industrial diseases, silicosis, results from exposures to respirable crystalline silica, also known as silica dust. Workers worldwide exposed to silica dust span a variety of industries from construction, mining, sandblasting, to masonry, and machinery. In the United States alone 1.7 million workers are exposed to crystalline silica, which can also lead to lung cancer, tuberculosis, and other chronic airway diseases [1]. This paper will examine the health effects of silica dust on the worker, discussing exposure paths, work groups affected, occupational safety measures, worker health policies, and compare these among the developed and developing world. Implementing worker safety programs, which include wearing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and health monitoring and developing exposure limits, can help mitigate the adverse health risks of working with silica dust. A comparison of the successes and limitations of several programs from around the world will show that strong national occupational safety programs can reduce the mortality and illness rates of silicosis due to occupational silica dust exposure. Without a strong national occupational safety program history shows that workers will remain unprotected until they rally together under tragedy to fight for safety. Before more workers suffer and die tragically and unnecessarily, global safety policy makers can take a lesson from history, examine and compare current programs, and implement strong national occupational safety programs that save lives.
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Panchal, Yashesh, Nihal Mounir, Mehdi Loloi, Ibrahim Mohamed, Omar Abou-Sayed, and Ahmed Abou-Sayed. "Application of Slurry Injection Technology in Biowaste Management - A New Discipline in Managing Bio-Waste in Economic and Environmentally Friendly Manner." In SPE Western Regional Meeting. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200836-ms.

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Abstract Carbon offset describes the environmental benefit from an initiative that avoids, reduces or removes greenhouse gases (GHGs) from the atmosphere. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has identified Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4) and Nitrous Oxide (N2O) as major constituent of the GHGs. Wastewater Treatment Facilities (WWTFs) among several other sectors is a neglected source for GHG emission. Considering the risk of rise in GHGs, United States along with other countries signed the Paris Agreement to respond to the global climate change threat in 2016. It is assessing projects to cut GHGs in exchange for emission credits that can be used to comply with goals they set under the United Nations pact. In order to curb the GHG emission by WWTFs, an innovative approach "Bioslurry Injection" (BSI) can be implemented to reduce the emission of the GHGs produced during the course of biological and chemical treatment of wastewater. The technology is inherited from the traditional drill cutting injection and Carbon sequestration technology implemented by the Oil and Gas industry since 1980's. The BSI operation has the ability to accept the feed from different treatment stages after the initial screening process to prepare the injection slurry and help in controlling the GHG emission at respective treatment stage along with managing the intake volume. The slurry can be prepared by mixing the treated biosolids with wastewater and injected into a pre-selected underground earth formation, where biosolids undergo anaerobic digestion and decompose into CO2 and CH4. An injection formation with sufficient capacity to accept the slurry is selected by conducting a detailed geomechanical and fracture simulation analyses. Along with the injection feasibility, the calculations of the amount of Carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) sequestrated underground by implementing BSI technique is presented in this paper. The sequestration of decomposed GHGs is an environmentally friendly activity that has proved to be economically beneficial due to its ability to earn carbon offsets. According to the new carbon law in the state of California the amount of CO2e eliminated from the atmosphere can be traded to earn carbon credits. TIRE facility through its ability to sequester and thus eliminate emission of the GHGs from the atmosphere can gain up to $1.5M worth of carbon credits per year providing both environmental and economic benefit. Also, low capital and operating cost for the BSI facility due to its compact surface requirement is an additional advantage along with reduced risk of spillage hazard when BSI facility is incorporated within the WWTF boundaries.
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Gagaev, Andrey, and Pavel Gagaev. "ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE IN THE SYSTEM OF JUSTICE." In Globalistics-2020: Global issues and the future of humankind. Interregional Social Organization for Assistance of Studying and Promotion the Scientific Heritage of N.D. Kondratieff / ISOASPSH of N.D. Kondratieff, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46865/978-5-901640-33-3-2020-82-88.

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Environmental justice is a part of the system of natural, ethnic, geographic-ecological, restorative and international justice and a system of solutions in the field of global issues. Environmental justice includes compatibility, hatchability and sequence, equality, freedom, truth, responsibility of all forms of life on the planet and in space in their habitats, not claiming for the habitats of other living forms. Therefore, for example, the United States are their habitat only and nowhere else in the world, like any other nation, while the exit of ethnic groups beyond their habitats means aggression and violence. The article also presents the subject of environmental justice. It is the world economic systems. Environmental justice includes also procedural principles of fairness, maintaining natural evolution and self-organization of habitats in space and time; common property of mankind; teleology of alignment and perfection of races and ethnic groups, evolutionary diversity; maintaining the natural cyclicity of life forms; a system of non-violence and solutions to global issues.
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Alhosani, Abdulla Humaid, Nasir-ud-Din Humayun, and Jawahar Kannan. "Emission Capping & Trading, First of its Kind in ADNOC Group." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207885-ms.

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Abstract The Spiking Gas Compressor project was installed in 2014, which reduces 65,000 tons of Carbon-di-oxide (CO2) emission annually. This was subsequently registered as a CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) project under UN convention and incidentally this was the first ADNOC project to be under this registration. The registration is the first step to claim for Carbon Credits under United Nations Framework of Clean Climate Convention (UNFCCC) scheme. No Carbon Credits were claimed under CDM since its commissioning in 2014 due to low carbon price. In 2019, we achieved the next big milestone of trading these accumulated carbon credits to an Austrian MNC. M/s MASDAR, pioneer in this field, who are also partner of ADNOC onshore in this green project, arranged an Upstream Emission Reduction (UER) buyer. The transaction is worth 65,000 tons of CO2 reduction and considerable monetary benefit. This transaction assumes significance not in terms of monetary value but a global recognition to ADNOC as a company amongst the leading players in the global arena in reducing the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. This project is the first & largest Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) registered in Oil & Gas industry in UAE. United Nations Framework Convention on Clean Climate (UNFCCC) recognized flare gas recovery through Spiking Gas Project as Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project to generate Carbon Credits. The project demonstrates the commitment and support of Abu Dhabi Government and ADNOC towards climate change mitigation measures. Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project demonstrated successful partnership with Masdar. The project was converted into to UER scheme. ADNOC Onshore & Masdar arranged a Buyer. Later, in compliance to ISO 14064/65, post Validation/ Verification by external auditors brought a considerable revenue to ADNOC.
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Lados, Mihály, and Ferenc Pongrácz. "Facing urban challenges." In The Challenges of Analyzing Social and Economic Processes in the 21st Century. Szeged: Szegedi Tudományegyetem Gazdaságtudományi Kar, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/casep21c.5.

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Closed to three-quarters of Europeans live in cities today, and by the growth of the population worldwide, this ratio is ever increasing. The accelerated speed of urbanization poses unprecedented challenges on people, cities, and the environment. Sustainability became a key global objective since Rio via Tokyo until Paris Agreement. The United Nations prepared an agenda for a better and more sustainable future for all. The 17 Goals are related to global challenges such as climate change, poverty, and the effects of urbanization. Over the last decade, various Smart City approaches have emerged among the government, non-profit sectors, and industries to use Information and Communication Technology as a tool to manage these challenges and to improve the quality of life for their citizens. At the same time, Industry 4.0, the digitalization of industries, has diffused across the world, setting the scene for a new stage of innovation yet keeping the competitiveness of business players. Tungsram, a multinational corporation headquartered in Hungary, has refocused its mission and stood up to expand its product portfolio by including Smart City solutions. Tungsram Edge focuses on three major Smart City offerings: indoor farming, efficient buildings, and Smart Solutions. Indoor farming (AgriTech), a science-based approach to agriculture, uses the latest research to establish precision indoor farming facilities. Efficient buildings (PropTech) has come to life to support the universal goal of reducing cities’ ecological footprint. Each smart solution has a direct or indirect effect on several objectives of the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations. The first part of the paper identifies the key contemporary challenges of cities and industries and the evolution and links of Smart City and Industry 4.0 approaches. The second part of the paper is a case study of a multinational company headquartered in Hungary entering into these processes by building a Smart City Action Plan and by developing key smart products (Smart City portfolio) to react to and to provide solutions for urban challenges.
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7

Mercure, Robert A. "Propulsion System Considerations for Future Supersonic Transports: A Global Perspective." In ASME 1996 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-gt-245.

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Анотація:
With research and technology (R&T) development activities for the next generation SuperSonic Transport (SST) being pursued globally over the past few years, the options to proposed airframe and engine concepts appears to be converging. The United States, the Europeans, and the Japanese are all engaged in developing the technologies needed for a future SST that is environmentally compatible and economically practical. Boeing and McDonnell Douglas are part of the team under an R&T contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to develop critical components and enabling materials that will allow industry to make a production decision by 2003. Europe’s three main aircraft manufacturer’s — i.e., Aerospatiale, British Aero-space, and Deutsche Aerospace — comprise the European Supersonic Research Program (ESRP). A primary Japanese effort called the Hypersonic Transport Propulsion System Research (HYPR) project consists of a consortium of four international engine manufacturers and the National Japanese Laboratory. The manufacturers are: Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd., the Kawasaki Heavy Industries Co. Ltd., Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Co. Ltd., and General Electric Aircraft Engines Company, USA. A recent study by the Japan Aircraft Development Corporation (Reference 1) also addressed the technology requirements for the next generation SST. There are basically three major challenges that must be met before a new SST can become a reality. They are the technical, environmental, and economic challenges. The technical challenges of the propulsion system primarily reduce the development of new materials capable of sustaining higher temperatures and vibration (high and low frequency) over longer exposure times as well as capable of being produced at reasonable costs. Low emission combustors and low exhaust jet noise are the primary environmental challenges, which are a technical challenge in themselves. The economic challenge is to produce an aircraft and propulsion system that allows the manufacturers to recover development and manufacturing costs as well as realize a reasonable Return-On-Investment (ROI). In addition, Life Cycle Costs (LCC) must not be substantially above future subsonic airliners in order to justify premium fares the public would be willing to pay for the time savings of long-distance flights and still be profitable to the airlines.
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8

Soliman, Mohamed Ahmed. "Beyond Zero Flaring & Monetization Strategies in Global Circular Carbon Economy." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31910-ms.

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Анотація:
Abstract As of January 2022, and directly after the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference, COP26, the total number of countries announced their pledges to net zero emission or carbon neutrality reached 136 countries. Also, 24 major cities and 683 major companies announced their pledges to achieve net zero emissions or carbon neutrality. Gas flaring is one of the major contributors to global warming that can be tackled through the strategic design of new facilities or deployment of new technologies to minimize the flaring. The World Bank reported in July 2020 that the satellite data shows global gas flaring in 2019 increased to levels last seen in 2009 to 150 billion cubic meters (BCM) compared to 145 BCM in 2018 as shown in Figure 1. For the last 30 years, the total global flaring is hovering around 150 billion cubic meters per year with no sign of slowing down. Gas flaring is not only a major global polluter but also wastes scarce hydrocarbon resources that can be utilized in reducing the global gas emissions by replacing liquid hydrocarbon or coal in power generation. The approximate value of the global flared gas is equivalent to 900 million barrel of crude oil per year assuming gas heating value of 1050 btu/scf which represent about 2.5% of the global oil production. Figure 1Global Gas Flaring as of 20200 This paper presents in detail different innovative and proven methodologies for eliminating, reducing or monetizing the global gas flaring to meet each company and country commitments to net zero emissions or carbon neutrality. Achieving zero flaring for any industrial facilities starts before the project design by setting the different strategies to minimize the flaring during the life time of the project. Early adoption of different technologies like low leakage valves, ultrasonic flowmeters at strategic plant locations, flowback flared gas to existing low pressure compressors, installing flare gas recovery and direct onsite utilization of flared gas energy. Different strategies will be discussed to achieve zero flaring during project design and operations as well as upgrades to existing facilities. Zero flaring strategies depend on three main pillars; Reduce, Recycle, Reuse. The primary reasons for gas flaring at the plant level are equipment failure, process upsets, purge and pilot gas, valve leakage, equipment maintenance, startup or shutdown activities and finally emergency gas flaring. To further minimize gas flaring during emergencies, a new flare gas recovery system (FGRS) was developed and patents were filed with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. The objective of the invention is to eliminate the hydrocarbon gas flaring to atmosphere for any upset scenario for any oil and gas plants. The invention includes utilizing multiple ejectors in parallel with provision of different ejectors operating at different pressures that will allow the system to be used to recover flare gas over a range of different flow rates corresponding to different emergency release scenarios. The ejector based FGRS was granted under U.S. Patent No. 10,429,067 in October 2019 to utilize the ejector based FGRS concept for emergency flare gas recovery. Also, two new patents are under filing to utilize the liquid as motive fluid instead of the gas. Finally, many technology providers and startups are currently working on overcoming the challenges of monetizing the flare gas. These companies are using the Insitu monetization techniques to overcome the challenges of flare gas such as scattered availability in remote locations with small quantities. Some of the solutions include converting the gas to power for Insitu use in Bitcoin mining or Insitu conversion to chemicals and petroleum products for easy transportation.
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9

Soliman, Mohamed Ahmed. "Beyond Zero Flaring & Monetization Strategies in Global Circular Carbon Economy." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31910-ms.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Abstract As of January 2022, and directly after the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference, COP26, the total number of countries announced their pledges to net zero emission or carbon neutrality reached 136 countries. Also, 24 major cities and 683 major companies announced their pledges to achieve net zero emissions or carbon neutrality. Gas flaring is one of the major contributors to global warming that can be tackled through the strategic design of new facilities or deployment of new technologies to minimize the flaring. The World Bank reported in July 2020 that the satellite data shows global gas flaring in 2019 increased to levels last seen in 2009 to 150 billion cubic meters (BCM) compared to 145 BCM in 2018 as shown in Figure 1. For the last 30 years, the total global flaring is hovering around 150 billion cubic meters per year with no sign of slowing down. Gas flaring is not only a major global polluter but also wastes scarce hydrocarbon resources that can be utilized in reducing the global gas emissions by replacing liquid hydrocarbon or coal in power generation. The approximate value of the global flared gas is equivalent to 900 million barrel of crude oil per year assuming gas heating value of 1050 btu/scf which represent about 2.5% of the global oil production. Figure 1Global Gas Flaring as of 20200 This paper presents in detail different innovative and proven methodologies for eliminating, reducing or monetizing the global gas flaring to meet each company and country commitments to net zero emissions or carbon neutrality. Achieving zero flaring for any industrial facilities starts before the project design by setting the different strategies to minimize the flaring during the life time of the project. Early adoption of different technologies like low leakage valves, ultrasonic flowmeters at strategic plant locations, flowback flared gas to existing low pressure compressors, installing flare gas recovery and direct onsite utilization of flared gas energy. Different strategies will be discussed to achieve zero flaring during project design and operations as well as upgrades to existing facilities. Zero flaring strategies depend on three main pillars; Reduce, Recycle, Reuse. The primary reasons for gas flaring at the plant level are equipment failure, process upsets, purge and pilot gas, valve leakage, equipment maintenance, startup or shutdown activities and finally emergency gas flaring. To further minimize gas flaring during emergencies, a new flare gas recovery system (FGRS) was developed and patents were filed with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. The objective of the invention is to eliminate the hydrocarbon gas flaring to atmosphere for any upset scenario for any oil and gas plants. The invention includes utilizing multiple ejectors in parallel with provision of different ejectors operating at different pressures that will allow the system to be used to recover flare gas over a range of different flow rates corresponding to different emergency release scenarios. The ejector based FGRS was granted under U.S. Patent No. 10,429,067 in October 2019 to utilize the ejector based FGRS concept for emergency flare gas recovery. Also, two new patents are under filing to utilize the liquid as motive fluid instead of the gas. Finally, many technology providers and startups are currently working on overcoming the challenges of monetizing the flare gas. These companies are using the Insitu monetization techniques to overcome the challenges of flare gas such as scattered availability in remote locations with small quantities. Some of the solutions include converting the gas to power for Insitu use in Bitcoin mining or Insitu conversion to chemicals and petroleum products for easy transportation.
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10

Haupt, Sue Ellen, Gerry Wiener, Yubao Liu, Bill Myers, Juanzhen Sun, David Johnson, and William Mahoney. "A Wind Power Forecasting System to Optimize Power Integration." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54773.

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Анотація:
The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) has developed a wind prediction system for Xcel Energy, the power company with the largest wind capacity in the United States. The wind power forecasting system includes advanced modeling capabilities, data assimilation, nowcasting, and statistical post-processing technologies. The system ingests both external model data and observations. NCAR produces a deterministic mesoscale wind forecast of hub height winds on a very fine resolution grid using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, run using the Real Time Four Dimensional Data Assimilation (RTFDDA) system. In addition, a 30 member ensemble system is run to both improve forecast accuracy and provide an indication of forecast uncertainty. The deterministic and ensemble model output plus data from various global and regional models are ingested by NCAR’s Dynamic, Integrated, Forecast System (DICast®), a statistical learning algorithm. DICast® produces forecasts of wind speed for each wind turbine. These wind forecasts are then fed into a power conversion algorithm that has been empirically derived for each Xcel power connection node. In addition, a ramp forecasting technology fine-tunes the capability to accurately predict the time, magnitude, and duration of a ramping event. This basic system has consistently improved Xcel’s ability to optimize the economics of incorporating wind energy into their power system.
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Звіти організацій з теми "United Nation Global Compact"

1

Wilson, A. M., and M. C. Kelman. Assessing the relative threats from Canadian volcanoes. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328950.

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Анотація:
This report presents an analysis of the threat posed by active volcanoes in Canada and outlines directives to bring Canadian volcano monitoring and research into alignment with global best practices. We analyse 28 Canadian volcanoes in terms of their relative threat to people, aviation and infrastructure. The methodology we apply to assess volcanic threat was developed by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) as part of the 2005 National Volcano Early Warning System (NVEWS). Each volcano is scored on a number of hazard and exposure factors, producing an overall threat score. The overall threat scores are then assigned to five threat categories ranging from Very Low to Very High. We adjusted the methodology slightly to better suit Canadian volcano conditions by adding an additional knowledge uncertainty score; this does not affect the threat scoring or ranking. Our threat assessment places two volcanoes into the Very High threat category (Mt. Meager and Mt. Garibaldi). Three Canadian volcanoes score in the High threat category (Mt. Cayley, Mt. Price and Mt. Edziza) and two volcanoes score in the Moderate threat category (the Nass River group and Mt. Silverthrone). We compare the ranked Canadian volcanoes to similarly scored volcanoes in the USA and assess the current levels of volcano monitoring against internationally recognised monitoring strategies. We find that even the most thoroughly-studied volcano in Canada (Mt. Meager) falls significantly short of the recommended monitoring level (Mt. Meager is currently monitored at a level commensurate with a Very Low threat edifice, according to NVEWS recommendations). All other Canadian volcanoes are unmonitored (other than falling within a regional seismic network emplaced to monitor tectonic earthquakes). Based on the relative threat and scientific uncertainty surrounding some Canadian volcanoes, we outline five strategies to improve volcano monitoring in Canada and lower the uncertainty about eruption style and frequency: installation of real-time seismic stations at all Very High and High threat volcanoes, comprehensive lithofacies studies at Mt. Garibaldi in order to reduce uncertainty surrounding the frequency and style of volcanism, hazard mapping at Mt. Garibaldi and Mt. Cayley and publication of existing hazard analyses and mapping for Mt. Meager as a comprehensive hazard map, regular satellite-based ground deformation monitoring at all Very High to Moderate threat edifices, and, finally, installation of a landslide detection and alerting system at Mt. Meager.
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2

Wilson, A. M., and M. C. Kelman. Assessing the relative threats from Canadian volcanoes. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328950.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
This report presents an analysis of the threat posed by active volcanoes in Canada and outlines directives to bring Canadian volcano monitoring and research into alignment with global best practices. We analyse 28 Canadian volcanoes in terms of their relative threat to people, aviation and infrastructure. The methodology we apply to assess volcanic threat was developed by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) as part of the 2005 National Volcano Early Warning System (NVEWS). Each volcano is scored on a number of hazard and exposure factors, producing an overall threat score. The overall threat scores are then assigned to five threat categories ranging from Very Low to Very High. We adjusted the methodology slightly to better suit Canadian volcano conditions by adding an additional knowledge uncertainty score; this does not affect the threat scoring or ranking. Our threat assessment places two volcanoes into the Very High threat category (Mt. Meager and Mt. Garibaldi). Three Canadian volcanoes score in the High threat category (Mt. Cayley, Mt. Price and Mt. Edziza) and two volcanoes score in the Moderate threat category (the Nass River group and Mt. Silverthrone). We compare the ranked Canadian volcanoes to similarly scored volcanoes in the USA and assess the current levels of volcano monitoring against internationally recognised monitoring strategies. We find that even the most thoroughly-studied volcano in Canada (Mt. Meager) falls significantly short of the recommended monitoring level (Mt. Meager is currently monitored at a level commensurate with a Very Low threat edifice, according to NVEWS recommendations). All other Canadian volcanoes are unmonitored (other than falling within a regional seismic network emplaced to monitor tectonic earthquakes). Based on the relative threat and scientific uncertainty surrounding some Canadian volcanoes, we outline five strategies to improve volcano monitoring in Canada and lower the uncertainty about eruption style and frequency: installation of real-time seismic stations at all Very High and High threat volcanoes, comprehensive lithofacies studies at Mt. Garibaldi in order to reduce uncertainty surrounding the frequency and style of volcanism, hazard mapping at Mt. Garibaldi and Mt. Cayley and publication of existing hazard analyses and mapping for Mt. Meager as a comprehensive hazard map, regular satellite-based ground deformation monitoring at all Very High to Moderate threat edifices, and, finally, installation of a landslide detection and alerting system at Mt. Meager.
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