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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Tribus – Jordanie"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 13 квітня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Tribus – Jordanie"

Haddad, Mohanna. "La Jordanie, des tribus à la nation." Outre-Terre 14, no. 1 (2006): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/oute.014.0051.

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Bocco, Riccardo, and Tareq Tell. "Frontières, tribus et État(s) en Jordanie orientale à l’époque du Mandat." Maghreb - Machrek N° 147, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 26–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/machr1.147.0026.

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Trimbur, Dominique. "Géraldine Chatelard, Briser la mosaïque. Les tribus chrétiennes de Madaba, Jordanie (xixe-xx." Revue de l'histoire des religions, no. 3 (September 1, 2007): 387–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/rhr.5299.

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Sleiman, André. "Géraldine Chatelard, Briser la mosaïque. Les tribus chrétiennes de Madaba, Jordanie, xixe-xxe." Archives de sciences sociales des religions, no. 148 (December 31, 2009): 75–342. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/assr.21105.

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Heyberger, Bernard. "Géraldine Châtelard. Briser la mosaique. Les tribus chretiennes de Madaba, Jordanie (XIXe-XXe siècle). Paris, CNRS Éditions, 2004, 400 p." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 60, no. 1 (February 2005): 155–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0395264900019193.

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Miller, Catherine. "Chatelard Géraldine, Briser la mosaïque. Les tribus chrétiennes de Madaba, Jordanie xixe-xxe siècle, Paris, CNRS Editions, 2004, 400 p. (collections Moyen Orient)." Revue des mondes musulmans et de la Méditerranée, no. 121-122 (April 10, 2008): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/remmm.4383.

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Shryock, Andrew J. "Popular Genealogical Nationalism: History Writing and Identity among the Balga Tribes of Jordan." Comparative Studies in Society and History 37, no. 2 (April 1995): 325–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001041750001968x.

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The proprietors of Amman's publishing houses do a brisk trade in books about politics and religion. They have also, in recent years, begun to profit from the growing demand for “tribal literature.” This new market, which emerged in the late 1970s, expanded greatly in the 1980s. It includes folkloric monographs (al ʿAbbadi 1989; al-ʿUzayzi 1984), genealogical compendia (Abu Khusa 1989), Bedouin poetry (al-ʿUzayzi 1991), introductions to tribal law (Abu Hassan 1987; al-ʿAbbadi 1982), and studies which, combining elements of all these genres, are packaged as “historical” works (al-ʿAbbadi 1984, 1986). The advent of a popular literature about the Jordanian tribes written by and for local Bedouin has been hailed in Jordan's national press as a new form of “patriotism,” and the oral traditions now being adapted to print are thought to convey a uniquely Jordanian heritage.

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Boulby, Marion. "Home and Homeland." American Journal of Islam and Society 14, no. 4 (January 1, 1997): 109–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v14i4.2226.

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The formation of Jordanian tribal and national identities is the central themeof Layne's Home and Homeland. This study focuses on the Abbadi tribes of theEast Jordan Valley and is based on extensive fieldwork conducted by Laynebetween 1979 and 1988. Layne's central argument is that for the Abbadi and forJordanian society in general, tribal and national identities are in dialogic relationships,deriving meaning from and conditioning one another. She challengesapproaches to Jordanian social and political identity which compartmentalizeindividuals according to rigid Palestinian/East Bank/tribal lines, arguing thatidentities are constantly shifting and being reconstructed through discoursebetween tribespeople, urbanites, the monarchy, bureaucracy, the intelligentsia,Hashemite rulers, and Western social scientists.In the introductory chapter of this work, the author reviews and assessesnotions of social identity. Layne criticizes mosaic and segmentary models ofcollective identity on two grounds: they are essentialist in tending to posit collectiveidentity in terms of social masses and they provide "pigeonhole" modelsof identity which require the presence of an observer. Here she introduces a"posture-oriented" approach to identity which "sees identity as meaning constructedon an ongoing basis through the everyday practices of making a placein the world, that is, adopting a posture in the context of changing circumstancesand uncertain contingencies."Layne devotes the next three chapters to the Abbadi tribes. She outlines significantchanges that occurred in the Jordan Valley in the twentieth century intenns of the tribes' relationship with land and state. Her case study focuses ondomestic space as an expression of how the tribespeople have constructed theirsocial entities in the context of inclusion in the Jordanian nation-state and integrationinto world capitalism. The author emphasizes the strong threads of ...

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Alhawamdeh, Hussein A., and Feras M. Alwaraydat. "The dramatization of the shepherd warrior in Christopher Marlowe’s Tamburlaine and the Jordanian drama Bedouin series Rās Ghlai (‘The head of Ghlai’)." Journal of Screenwriting 13, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 169–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/josc_00092_1.

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Parts 1 and 2 of the Arab Jordanian series Rās Ghlai (‘The head of Ghlai’) (2006‐08), written by Jordanian screenwriter Muafā āli and directed by Amad D‘aibis and Sha‘lān al-Dabbās, share three ‘common denominators’, in Haun Saussy’s terminology, with Christopher Marlowe’s Tamburlaine the Great, Parts 1 and 2 (1587): (1) the shepherd character as a monstrous despot, (2) pastoral love of the shepherds and (3) the mobilization of nations/tribes to take revenge against Tamburlaine/Ghlai. āli’s delineation of the nomadic hero Ghlai is similar to the Marlovian model of Tamburlaine in a time of war and love. Ghlai, as an Arab Jordanian Tamburlaine, seeks in a Machiavellian manner an ultimate rule and control over all nomadic tribes in the Jordanian desert and behaves as a monstrous lover. This article takes two pieces of literature from two different cultures as an example of the adaptability of screen narrative to the scope of comparative literature and appropriation studies, showing simultaneously the experience of Jordanian screenwriters as one example of what Craig Batty calls the ‘screenwriting turn’ (2014: 1). Both Marlowe and āli dramatize the shepherd despots to warn against the threat of colonial and imperial ambitions and models.

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Bocco, Riccardo. "Espaces étatiques et espaces tribaux dans le Sud jordanien." Maghreb - Machrek N° 123, no. 1 (January 1, 1989): 144–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/machr1.123.0144.

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Дисертації з теми "Tribus – Jordanie"

Bocco, Riccardo. "Etat et tribus bédouines en Jordanie, 1920-1990 : les Huwaytat : territoire, changement économique, identité politique." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996IEPP0011.

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Jusqu'aux débuts du processus de paix, l'identité bédouine, les valeurs et les allégeances tribales ont été utilisées autant par le roi que par les élites proches du palais - celles d'origine palestinienne y compris - tantôt comme preuve et fondement d'une identité "nationale" face à l'ennemi israélien, tantôt comme instrument pour prévenir la subversion d'un ordre établi que le socialisme arabe ou l'OLP dans le passé - et les mouvements islamistes plus récemment - ont remis en question. Toutefois, si aujourd'hui on peut bien voir comment "l'Etat est dans les tribus" en revanche, on ne peut pas affirmer que les tribus sont au coeur du système étatique: au fil des décennies, on a assisté à leur marginalisation économique et politique. Devenus dépendants de l'Etat, les bédouins semblent avoir moins profité des privilèges que les stéréotypes sur leur compte l'ont laissé croire pendant longtemps. A partir de l'étude de cas des huwaytat, la tribu bédouine la plus importante du sud jordanien, ce travail retrace les liens historiques qui ont uni les bédouins à la monarchie hachémite, analyse le mode de construction étatique et en étudie l'impact sur les tribus. Après avoir présente la formation territoriale de l'Etat hachémite dans la période mandataire, à travers les processus de démarcation frontalière, la définition de la nationalité des tribus et les stratégies de contrôle sur ces dernières, cette thèse aborde les programmes de développement dans les steppes, la sédentarisation des nomades et la marginalisation de l'économie pastorale. L'étude des législations électorales de 1929 à 1986 et des élections parlementaires de 1989 dans la circonscription des bédouins du sud permettent de présenter la compétition politique au niveau national et local, ainsi que le mode de reproduction des élites tribales et des identités locales
Until the beginning of the peace process, Bedouin identity, tribal values and allegiances have been used by the king and the palace elites - including those ones of Palestinian origin - both to counteract Israeli denials of a "national identity" on the east bank, and as an instrument to prevent the subversion of an established order shaken by the rise of Arab socialism or the PLO in the past, or by islamic fundamentalism more recently. However, the Bedouin tribes are far from controlling the state system: during the past decades they have been economically and politically marginalized. Largely dependent on the state, today the Bedouin are much less privileged than the stereotypes on Jordan make scholars believe. By focusing on the Huwaytat, the most important Bedouin tribe of Southern Jordan, the thesis presents the historical ties that have linked the Bedouins to the Hashemites, analyses the process of state-building and its impact on the tribes. After having described the territorial formation of the Hashemite kingdom during the mandate period, through the delimitation of boundaries, the definition of tribes'nationality and the strategies of control over them, the study analyses the development programmes in the steppes, the process of nomads'settlement and the marginalisation of the pastoral economy. The study of the electoral laws from 1929 to 1986 and the parliamentary elections of 1989 in the southern Bedouin constituency allow for focusing on political competition at the local and at the national level, as well as on the process of tribal elites reproduction

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Al, Husbani Abdel Hakim. "Le système de différenciation et les relations implicites du pouvoir comme producteurs de la tribu : une étude de cas de la ville d'Irbid en Jordanie." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR21016.

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BATARSEH, BENJAMIN. "Transjordanian State-Building and the Palestinian Problem: How Tribal Values and Symbols Became the Bedrock of Jordanian Nationalism." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1598478205350977.

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Weir, Laura C. "From Diwan to Palace: Jordanian Tribal Politics and Elections." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1354387190.

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Esber, Paul Maurice. "Who are the Jordanians? The Citizen-Subjects of Abdullah II." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18895.

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Who are the Jordanians? This dissertation approaches this question from the position of how: how is Jordanian citizenship thought of and practiced? As such this is not a study of national identity, but of citizenship. Al-sh’ab yureed…Much has been said about this clarion call which echoed in streets and squares across the Arab world in 2011/2012. Jordanians shared with their regional co-demonstrators a basis on which their claims, regardless of substantive differences, were made: citizenship. However actual examinations of citizenship since remain limited, beyond conceiving it as little more than a status of belonging. The thesis beyond is an investigation into the practice and theory of Jordanian citizenship. Divided into three parts and six chapters, the thesis makes several principal arguments. Part one: Citizens and Subjects? Theorising on History consists of the first three chapters. It establishes what I mean when speaking of a citizenship approach. It is advanced that citizenship’s historical pedigree in an Anglo-European context does not correlate with its Arabic counterparts. This becomes problematic when Anglo-European assumptions influence approaches to citizenship in the Arab world. Hence the need to elucidate the historical development of jinsiyyah and muwātanah. Third, this development is contextualised within Jordanian political history. The historical construction of Jordanian citizenship is situated in its contemporary context since the ascension of Abdullah II in 1999. Part two: Citizenship in Contemporary Jordan, containing chapters four, and five. Chapter four, making use of fieldwork conducted in Jordan uses contemporary reflections on citizenship from Jordanians as a lens through which the first decade of Abdullah II’s reign is analysed. A key characteristic of citizenship’s theory and practice is highlighted: the absence of accountability and ownership. The thesis then provides analysis of the 2011/2012 uprisings, situating them as a citizen search for ownership and accountability. Part three: Practices Within and Between Jinsiyyah and Muwātanah, is composed of chapters six, seven and eight, with a focus on contemporary affairs in the Jordan. Three areas: the gendering of citizenship, the politics of citizen expression and the intersections between tribalism and citizenship, are explored.

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Abu, Nuwar Ma?n. "The creation and development of Trans-Jordan, 1920-1929." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670354.

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Alazzam, Amin Ali. "Political participation in Jordan : the impact of party and tribal loyalties since 1989." Thesis, Durham University, 2008. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/2183/.

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In the light of the internal and regional crises in the 1980s, Jordan found itself under pressure, and various ideological and political factors pushed the country towards political reform. As a result, Jordan has undergone several transformations, and a certain degree of political liberalization has made political participation the main objective of the Jordanian political system and its various institutions. This development in turn has required participation of all segments of the society, including political parties, minorities, and women. This participation demonstrates how far the political system has been liberalized. Therefore, nobody can argue that there is no political participation in Jordan. However, important questions remain. What is the form of this participation? What is its scale? What factors influence political participation, and what are its main objectives? Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the issue of political participation in Jordan. In particular, it investigated the impact of party and tribal loyalties on political participation in Jordan since 1989. This is undertaken through examining the basic forms of political participation, particularly participation in parliamentary elections. Accordingly, this study is divided into two main parts. The first part aims to shed light on the historical development of Jordanian parliament, electoral laws and systems, and political parties' participation and in addition to examine these in context of the socio-economic, political, and cultural environment. The second part was carried out through a survey involving the distribution of 400 questionnaires to five groups of political elite in Jordan. It is concluded in this study that despite the fact that political parties in Jordan date back to the establishment of the state in 1921, the social relations of kinship and the tribe are still dominant and constitute the main motives for Jordanians to participate in parliamentary elections. Several factors explain this, but it is argued here that the most important is legislations, particularly the emergency laws which have heavily restricted political freedoms and activities.

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Bisson, Vincent. "Dynamiques comparées de l'urbanisation en milieu tribal (Tunisie et Mauritanie)." Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012055.

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La sédentarisation des nomades du monde arabe reconfigure les territoires et engendre de nouveaux espaces de négociation, parallèlement à la remobilisation des solidarités tribales ('açabiyyât) dans les anciennes localités. La comparaison de quatre villes, Douz et Kébili en Tunisie, Kiffa et Tijikja en Mauritanie, remet en cause l'opposition culturelle entre nouveaux pôles de sédentarisation et vieilles cités oasiennes. Dans un État "fort" (la Tunisie), les 'açabiyyât sont détribalisées, mais le droit coutumier est instrumentalisé. On assiste à un repli des communautés sur des enclaves foncières, et la ville de tribu est une ressource patrimoniale à défendre et à se partager. À l'inverse, dans un État "tribal" (la Mauritanie), on assiste à une ascension en direction de l'État. La tribu est sans impact spatial majeur au sein de l'espace urbain, mais la ville est érigée en étendard d'un néo-tribalisme en quête d'État à ponctionner.

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Steen, Eveline J. van der. "Tribes and territories in transition : the central East Jordan valley in the late Bronze age and early Iron ages : a study of the sources /." Leuven : Peeters, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41032833w.

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Törnqvist, af Ström Richard. "Ordning och Kaos : En receptionskritisk granskning av Jordan B. Petersons bibliska bruk av kön och sexualitet, samt hur hans narrativ förhåller sig till historisk-kritiska och feministiska läsningar av Genesis 1-3." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-428273.

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Книги з теми "Tribus – Jordanie"

Chatelard, G. Briser la mosäique: Les tribus chrétiennes de Madaba, Jordanie, XIXe-XXe siècle. Paris: CNRS Éditions, 2004.

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Fulves, Karl. Charles Jordan's best card tricks. New York: Dover, 1992.

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Die Ammarin: Beduinen in Jordanien zwischen Stamm und Staat. Würzburg: Ergon Verlag, 2011.

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Eilon, Joab B. The making of Jordan: Tribes, colonialism and the modern state. London: I. B. Tauris, 2007.

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Dodge, Toby. An Arabian prince, English gentlemen and the tribes east of the River Jordan: Abdullah and the creation and consolidation of the Trans-Jordanian state. London: Centre of Near & Middle Eastern Studies, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 1994.

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Muhammad, Ghazi bin. The tribes of Jordan at the beginning of the twenty-first century. [Jordan]: Jamʻīyat Turāth al-Urdun al-Bāqī, 1999.

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Layne, Linda L. Home and homeland: The dialogics of tribal and national identitiesin Jordan. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 1994.

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Home and homeland: The dialogics of tribal and national identities in Jordan. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 1994.

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Nationalism and the genealogical imagination: Oral history and textual authority in tribal Jordan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997.

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Margaret, Jordan, Fairbanks Charles R. 1790-1841, Cochran A. W. 1792-1849, and Great Britain. Court of Admiralty., eds. Report of the trial of Edward Jordan, and Margaret Jordan his wife, for piracy & murder, at Halifax on the 15th day of November, 1809, together with Edward Jordan's dying confession: To which is added the trial of John Kelly, for piracy and murder, on the 8th day of December, 1809. Halifax, N.S: Printed by James Bagnall ..., 1993.

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Частини книг з теми "Tribus – Jordanie"

Shryock, Andrew. "Chapitre 11. Une politique de « maison » dans la Jordanie des tribus : réflexions sur l’honneur, la famille et la nation dans le royaume hashémite." In Émirs et présidents, 331–56. CNRS Éditions, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.editionscnrs.4368.

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"Barjas al-Hadid – Tribal Shaikh." In Jordan. Zed Books Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350220928.ch-005.

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Sigourou, Angeliki. "The š negator and the negative particle lā in Bedouin dialects of Jordan." In Current Research in Semitic Studies. Proceedings of the Semitic Studies Section at the 34th DOT at Freie Universität Berlin, 297–318. Harrassowitz Verlag, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.13173/9783447121729.297.

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This paper provides a synchronic fieldwork-based description and analysis of the distribution and use of the innovative š negator and the rather conservative negative particle lā in Bedouin varieties of Jordan. The fieldwork was carried out in August 2021 in the northern, central, and southern part of the country, including areas in the Mafraq, ʿAmmān, ʿAqaba and Maʿān Governorates. The Bedouin tribes under study were Al-Masāʿīd, Al-ʿAḏ āmāt, Aš-Šurufāt, Az-Zubayd, As-Sirḥān, As-Sardīya, Bani Ḫālid, Al-Kaʿābna, Bani ʿAṭṭīya, Bani Ṣaḫar, Az-Zalābya, Az-Zawāyda, Al-Ḥwēṭāt, An-Nʿēmāt, and Al- Bdūl. Based on the collected data of the present research, we find that in general, the Bedouin tribes of Jordan still refrain from a regular use of the š negator with verbal predicates, although they often use it with non-verbal predicates and in the existential negation. This paper also attempts to shed light on the use of the negative particle lā in the aforesaid studied varieties. Although the use of lā has undoubtfully decreased over time, it still remains in various cases in the Jordanian Bedouin dialects. Apart from its expected use in the negative imperative and in negative coordination structures, lā also appears to a lesser but not insignificant extent with verbal and non-verbal predicates. Keywords: Arabic dialectology, negation, Bedouin dialects, Jordan

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"Glossary: Tribes and Shaykhs." In The Making of Jordan. I.B.Tauris, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9780755609536.0007.

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Shryock, Andrew. "Keeping to Oneself." In Porous Becomings, 69–89. Duke University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/9781478059318-004.

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Anthropologists have given copious attention to problems of exchange, of giving and receiving. Yet problems of taking, unequal accumulation, secret storage, predation, and refusal to share are no less central to social life. This is certainly the case among Jordanian Bedouin, whose notions of hospitality are a complex blend of reciprocity, protection, and coercive extraction. The families of dominant tribal shaykhs are often known for their ability to take, to store away wealth, and to protect hordes of found and inherited treasure, both magical and mundane. By reading the oral historical traditions of the Balga tribes against familiar Maussian ideas and the models of parasitism suggested by Michel Serres, this chapter argues that hospitality, as Bedouin know it, is constructed in ways that resist the romanticism that besets anthropological portraits of “pre-capitalist” and “premodern” gift economies. The parasite is everywhere in social life, in past and present. If Serres is correct and parasitism precedes the gift and provokes gift-giving and hosting as a defensive response, it follows that moral economy will always evolve in dialogue with parasites and what they take. The results of this interaction, in the Balga of Jordan and in most other places, can be miraculous.

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Tuastad, Dag. "Football’s Role in How Societies Remember." In Sport, Politics and Society in the Middle East, 41–54. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190065218.003.0003.

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Based on several phases of ethnographic work over two decades, this chapter demonstrates how football creates the ideal conditions for debates over national social memories related to the Palestinian-Bedouin divide in Jordan. Social memory processes in football arenas represent two related social phenomena. Firstly, collective, historical memories are produced; Secondly, these collective memories are also enacted and embodied during football matches, through their symbolic and physical confrontations. Palestinian-Jordanian encounters on the football field have been especially important in this context, having embodied the memory of the 1970 civil war and having served as a medium through which to reprocess it. For Palestinians, as a stateless ethno-national group who lack the formal national institutions to preserve their national past in the form of museums or archeological digs, football, and particularly the al-Wihdat team, has become an important alternative. While until the early 1990s the fans’ lyrics emphasized identification with the armed struggle, today the dominant themes are Palestinian common descent, unity, and refugee identity. At the same time, al-Wihdat’s alter-ego, FC Faisaly, has been a focus of East Bank Jordanian nationalism, emphasizing tribal roots and values, Islamic tradition, Hashemite loyalty, and the tribal roots of the monarchy.

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"State Consolidation and Tribal Participation, 1930-1946." In The Making of Jordan. I.B.Tauris, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9780755609536.ch-005.

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"Colonialism as a Fine Art: Glubb Pasha and the Desert Tribes, 1928-1936." In The Making of Jordan. I.B.Tauris, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9780755609536.ch-004.

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"They’re Here to Stay: Tribes and power in contemporary Jordan." In Power and Identity, 58–78. Psychology Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203366264-8.

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Haddon, Rosalind Wade. "What Gertrude Bell Did for Islamic Archaeology." In Gertrude Bell and Iraq, edited by Paul Collins and Charles Tripp. British Academy, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197266076.003.0005.

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Gertrude Bell’s active ‘Islamic Archaeology’ phase roughly covers the period 1909–14, at a time when she was as interested in Arab tribes and Ottoman politics, and frustratingly her diaries frequently concentrate on the latter. She undertook three major expeditions in 1909, 1911 and 1913–14 – the first two covered Iraq and Anatolia and the ultimate one present-day Jordan and Saudi Arabia. She planned, mapped, photographed and provided descriptions of the major desert sites, corresponded with professional archaeologists discussing her discoveries and published the first plans of Ukhaidir, Iraq and Qasr-i Shirin, southern Iran. Fortunately for modern scholarship she published many of these journeys and left her notes, diaries and archives in the public domain.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Tribus – Jordanie"

Campana, Ivan. "Water Supply and Hydraulic Devices: the dams in the Umayyad Jordan." In Irrigation, Society and Landscape. Tribute to Thomas F. Glick. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isl2014.2014.149.

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Grant, Fiona, Carolyn Sheline, Susan Amrose, Elizabeth Brownell, Vinay Nangia, Samer Talozi, and Amos Winter. "Validation of an Analytical Model to Lower the Cost of Solar-Powered Drip Irrigation Systems for Smallholder Farmers in the Mena Region." In ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2020-22610.

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Abstract Drip irrigation is a micro-irrigation technology that has been shown to conserve water and significantly increase crop yield. This technology could be particularly beneficial to the world’s estimated 500 million smallholder farmers, but drip systems tend to be financially inaccessible to this population. Drip systems require costly components including a pipe network, emitters, a pump and power system. Due to limited access to electricity, many smallholder farmers would require off-grid solutions. Designing reliable, low cost, off-grid drip irrigation systems for smallholder farms could significantly reduce the barrier to adoption. This paper builds on an integrated solar-powered drip irrigation model that was shown to improve upon an existing software. Field trials of the small-scale drip system were conducted on research farms in Jordan and Morocco for a full growing season. Data collected from these field trials are used to validate the hydraulics portion of the systems-level model. In addition, the insights gained from the field trials were formed into design requirements for future iterations of the model. These include optimizing for the system life cycle cost, as opposed to capital cost, the ability to simulate the system operation over a season, the capability to input a user’s irrigation schedule, incorporating locally-available components, and incorporating a system reliability constraint based on more detailed agronomic calculations.

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Samkharadze, Sophio, Marika Zurmukhtashvili, Eka Kokhreidze, Elene Kharashvili, and Sesili Beriashvili. "Assessment of Oral Health Status among Medical Students in Georgia." In Socratic Lectures 8. University of Lubljana Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55295/psl.2023.ii4.

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Oral health is considered as important part of general health. Dental caries and periodon-tal diseases are among most prevalent diseases worldwide. According to WHO oral dis-eases affect nearly 3.5 billion people and untreated dental caries is the most common health condition. Young adults may neglect oral health. The aim of our study was to eval-uate oral health status (dental caries and periodontal diseases) among medical students at European University affiliated dental clinics in Georgia. Simple random sampling method was used. Assessment was conducted using modified WHO Oral Health Assessment Form (2013). Study sample were medical undergraduate students aged between 17 and 25 years at the European University - affiliated dental clinics, Tbilisi, Georgia. Level of dental caries was evaluated by assessment of decayed, missing, and filled teeth scores (DMFT in-dex), while periodontal status was assessed using Community Periodontal Index (CPI) modified index. Statistical analysis of data was performed. Results: Totally 225 students (150 males and 75 females) originally from Georgia, Jordan, Iran, Egypt, Great Britain and Sweden were included in the study. Mean age of participants was 20.7 years. Mean DMFT score in males was 3.11 and in females it was 3.25; overall mean DMFT was 3.18. Percentage of all individuals in two groups with dental caries (DFT ≥ 1) was 84%. Mean CPI index was 0.82 in males and 0.75 in females. Mean DMFT were compared to National estimates for DMFT index for same age group in developed coun-tries. Conclusion: Study showed medium prevalence of caries and low prevalence of periodontal diseases in participant students. Keywords: Oral health, DMFT index, CPI index

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Звіти організацій з теми "Tribus – Jordanie"

Iffat, Idris. Approaches to Youth Violence in Jordan. Institute of Development Studies, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.121.

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Youth violence, particularly targeting the state as well as engagement in violent extremism, has been a persistent feature in Jordan over the past decade. There are numerous factors driving this: economic, political and social marginalization of young people; a search for purpose (in the case of religious extremism); and ineffective youth policies on the part of the government. Other key forms of marginalization in Jordan are ethnicity, gender and disability. With regard to community security mechanisms, Jordan has made efforts to introduce community policing. These link in with traditional tribal dispute resolution mechanisms, but the impact on youth is unclear. Psychosocial support for youth is important. Interventions will vary depending on needs and context, but sport and education (learning spaces) are especially effective avenues to reach young people. This review drew on a mixture of academic and grey literature. While it found significant literature about youth protests in Jordan (in particular in the early 2010s) and on drivers of youth violence, as well as other forms of marginalization in the country, there was very little on community security mechanisms – whether formal or informal. The review identified several sources of recommendations for psychosocial support programming (for youth), but few evaluations of such interventions specifically targeting youth in other countries. Overall, there are gaps in the evidence base, highlighting the need for further research.

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