Готові списки джерел за темами / SwIRa

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "SwIRa"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 27 липня 2024
Оновлено: 28 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "SwIRa"

1

Falcioni, Renan, Glaucio Leboso Alemparte Abrantes dos Santos, Luis Guilherme Teixeira Crusiol, Werner Camargos Antunes, Marcelo Luiz Chicati, Roney Berti de Oliveira, José A. M. Demattê, and Marcos Rafael Nanni. "Non−Invasive Assessment, Classification, and Prediction of Biophysical Parameters Using Reflectance Hyperspectroscopy." Plants 12, no. 13 (July 2, 2023): 2526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12132526.

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Анотація:
Hyperspectral technology offers significant potential for non-invasive monitoring and prediction of morphological parameters in plants. In this study, UV−VIS−NIR−SWIR reflectance hyperspectral data were collected from Nicotiana tabacum L. plants using a spectroradiometer. These plants were grown under different light and gibberellic acid (GA3) concentrations. Through spectroscopy and multivariate analyses, key growth parameters, such as height, leaf area, energy yield, and biomass, were effectively evaluated based on the interaction of light with leaf structures. The shortwave infrared (SWIR) bands, specifically SWIR1 and SWIR2, showed the strongest correlations with these growth parameters. When classifying tobacco plants grown under different GA3 concentrations in greenhouses, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms were employed, achieving an average accuracy of over 99.1% using neural network (NN) and gradient boosting (GB) algorithms. Among the 34 tested vegetation indices, the photochemical reflectance index (PRI) demonstrated the strongest correlations with all evaluated plant phenotypes. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) models effectively predicted morphological attributes, with R2CV values ranging from 0.81 to 0.87 and RPDP values exceeding 2.09 for all parameters. Based on Pearson’s coefficient XYZ interpolations and HVI algorithms, the NIR−SWIR band combination proved the most effective for predicting height and leaf area, while VIS−NIR was optimal for optimal energy yield, and VIS−VIS was best for predicting biomass. To further corroborate these findings, the SWIR bands for certain morphological characteristic wavelengths selected with s−PLS were most significant for SWIR1 and SWIR2, while i−PLS showed a more uniform distribution in VIS−NIR−SWIR bands. Therefore, SWIR hyperspectral bands provide valuable insights into developing alternative bands for remote sensing measurements to estimate plant morphological parameters. These findings underscore the potential of remote sensing technology for rapid, accurate, and non-invasive monitoring within stationary high-throughput phenotyping systems in greenhouses. These insights align with advancements in digital and precision technology, indicating a promising future for research and innovation in this field.
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2

Guha, S., H. Govil, M. Tripathi, and M. Besoya. "EVALUATING CROSTA TECHNIQUE FOR ALTERATION MINERAL MAPPING IN MALANJKHAND COPPER MINES, INDIA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-5 (November 19, 2018): 251–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-5-251-2018.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) data has been successfully employed in the field of mineral exploration to detect important minerals. In this study, Crosta technique was applied to identify the diagnostic features of hydroxyl minerals, carbonate minerals and iron oxides in Malanjkhand copper mines, India. The Crosta technique was applied to six [blue, green, red, near-infrared (NIR), shortwave infrared1 (SWIR1), shortwave infrared2 (SWIR2) bands and two sets of four (blue, red, NIR, SWIR1; and blue, near-infrared, SWIR1, SWIR2) bands of OLI data. Results show that the areas with alteration zones are enhanced much better by using six bands of OLI data. The alteration differences are examined with the Crosta technique using four band combinations. Crosta technique is very useful in generating the images of hydroxyl minerals, carbonate minerals, and iron oxides.</p>
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3

Basinger, Nicholas T., Katherine M. Jennings, Erin L. Hestir, David W. Monks, David L. Jordan, and Wesley J. Everman. "Phenology affects differentiation of crop and weed species using hyperspectral remote sensing." Weed Technology 34, no. 6 (August 18, 2020): 897–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wet.2020.92.

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Анотація:
AbstractThe effect of plant phenology and canopy structure of four crops and four weed species on reflectance spectra were evaluated in 2016 and 2017 using in situ spectroscopy. Leaf-level and canopy-level reflectance were collected at multiple phenologic time points in each growing season. Reflectance values at 2 wk after planting (WAP) in both years indicated strong spectral differences between species across the visible (VIS; 350–700 nm), near-infrared (NIR; 701–1,300 nm), shortwave-infrared I (SWIR1; 1,301–1,900 nm), and shortwave-infrared II (SWIR2; 1,901–2,500 nm) regions. Results from this study indicate that plant spectral reflectance changes with plant phenology and is influenced by plant biophysical characteristics. Canopy-level differences were detected in both years across all dates except for 1 WAP in 2017. Species with similar canopy types (e.g., broadleaf prostrate, broadleaf erect, or grass/sedge) were more readily discriminated from species with different canopy types. Asynchronous phenology between species also resulted in spectral differences between species. SWIR1 and SWIR2 wavelengths are often not included in multispectral sensors but should be considered for species differentiation. Results from this research indicate that wavelengths in SWIR1 and SWIR2 in conjunction with VIS and NIR reflectance can provide differentiation across plant phenologies and, therefore should be considered for use in future sensor technologies for species differentiation.
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4

Zhang, Yunteng, and Zhiqiang Xiao. "A Method to Downscale MODIS Surface Reflectance Using Convolutional Neural Networks." Remote Sensing 15, no. 8 (April 16, 2023): 2102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15082102.

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Анотація:
Surface reflectance is an important indicator for the physical states of the Earth’s surface. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) surface reflectance product at 500 m resolution (MOD09A1) includes seven spectral bands and has been widely used to derive many high-level parameter products, such as leaf area index (LAI) and fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR). However, the MODIS surface reflectance product at 250 m resolution (MOD09Q1) is only available for the red and near-infrared (NIR) bands, which greatly limits its applications. In this study, a downscaling reflectance convolutional neural network (DRCNN) is proposed to downscale the surface reflectance of the MOD09A1 product and derive 250 m surface reflectance in the blue, green, shortwave infrared (SWIR1, 1628–1652 nm) and shortwave infrared (SWIR2, 2105–2155 nm) bands for generating high-level parameter products at 250 m resolution. The surface reflectance of the MOD09A1 and MOD09Q1 products are preprocessed to obtain cloud-free continuous surface reflectance. Additionally, the surface reflectance in the blue, green, SWIR1 and SWIR2 bands from the preprocessed MOD09A1 product were upsampled to obtain surface reflectance in the corresponding bands at 1 km resolution. Then, a database was generated from the upsampled surface reflectance and the preprocessed MOD09A1 product over the On Line Validation Exercise (OLIVE) sites to train the DRCNN. The surface reflectance in the blue, green, SWIR1 and SWIR2 bands from the preprocessed MOD09A1 product and the surface reflectance in the red and NIR bands from the preprocessed MOD09Q1 product were entered into the trained DRCNN to obtain the surface reflectance in the blue, green, SWIR1 and SWIR2 bands at 250 m resolution. The downscaled surface reflectance from the DRCNN were compared with the surface reflectance from the MOD09A1 product and Landsat 7. The results show that the DRCNN can effectively downscale the surface reflectance of the MOD09A1 product to generate the surface reflectance at 250 m resolution.
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5

Rukhovich, Dmitry I., Polina V. Koroleva, Alexey D. Rukhovich, and Mikhail A. Komissarov. "Informativeness of the Long-Term Average Spectral Characteristics of the Bare Soil Surface for the Detection of Soil Cover Degradation with the Neural Network Filtering of Remote Sensing Data." Remote Sensing 15, no. 1 (December 26, 2022): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15010124.

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The long-term spectral characteristics of the bare soil surface (BSS) in the BLUE, GREEN, RED, NIR, SWIR1, and SWIR2 Landsat spectral bands are poorly studied. Most often, the RED and NIR spectral bands are used to analyze the spatial heterogeneity of the soil cover; in our opinion, it is outmoded and seems unreasonable. The study of multi-temporal spectral characteristics requires the processing of big remote sensing data based on artificial intelligence in the form of convolutional neural networks. The analysis of BSS belongs to the direct methods of analysis of the soil cover. Soil degradation can be detected by ground methods (field reconnaissance surveys), modeling, or digital methods, and based on the remote sensing data (RSD) analysis. Ground methods are laborious, and modeling gives indirect results. RSD analysis can be based on the principles of calculation of vegetation indices (VIs) and on the BSS identification. The calculation of VIs also provides indirect information about the soil cover through the state of vegetation. BSS analysis is a direct method for analyzing soil cover heterogeneity. In this work, the informativeness of the long-term (37 years) average spectral characteristics of the BLUE, GREEN, RED, NIR, SWIR1 and SWIR2 bands of the Landsat 4–8 satellites for detecting areas of soil degradation with recognition of the BSS using deep machine learning methods was estimated. The objects of study are the spectral characteristics of kastanozems (dark chestnut soils) in the south of Russia in the territory of the Morozovsky district of the Rostov region. Soil degradation in this area is mainly caused by erosion. The following methods were used: retrospective monitoring of soil and land cover, deep machine learning using convolutional neural networks, and cartographic analysis. Six new maps of the average long-term spectral brightness of the BSS have been obtained. The information content of the BSS for six spectral bands has been verified on the basis of ground surveys. The informativeness was determined by the percentage of coincidences of degradation facts identified during the RSD analysis, and those determined in the field. It has been established that the spectral bands line up in the following descending order of information content: RED, NIR, GREEN, BLUE, SWIR1, SWIR2. The accuracy of degradation maps by band was determined as: RED—84.6%, NIR—82.9%, GREEN—78.0%, BLUE—78.0%, SWIR1—75.5%, SWIR2—62.2%.
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6

Ouma, Yashon O., Lone Lottering, and Ryutaro Tateishi. "Soil Erosion Susceptibility Prediction in Railway Corridors Using RUSLE, Soil Degradation Index and the New Normalized Difference Railway Erosivity Index (NDReLI)." Remote Sensing 14, no. 2 (January 12, 2022): 348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14020348.

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Анотація:
This study presents a remote sensing-based index for the prediction of soil erosion susceptibility within railway corridors. The empirically derived index, Normalized Difference Railway Erosivity Index (NDReLI), is based on the Landsat-8 SWIR spectral reflectances and takes into account the bare soil and vegetation reflectances especially in semi-arid environments. For the case study of the Botswana Railway Corridor (BRC), the NDReLI results are compared with the RUSLE and the Soil Degradation Index (SDI). The RUSLE model showed that within the BRC, the mean annual soil loss index was at 0.139 ton ha−1 year−1, and only about 1% of the corridor area is susceptible to high (1.423–3.053 ton ha−1 year−1) and very high (3.053–5.854 ton ha−1 year−1) soil loss, while SDI estimated 19.4% of the railway corridor as vulnerable to soil degradation. NDReLI results based on SWIR1 (1.57–1.65 μm) predicted the most vulnerable areas, with a very high erosivity index (0.36–0.95), while SWIR2 (2.11–2.29 μm) predicted the same regions at a high erosivity index (0.13–0.36). From empirical validation using previous soil erosion events within the BRC, the proposed NDReLI performed better than the RUSLE and SDI models in the prediction of the spatial locations and extents of susceptibility to soil erosion within the BRC.
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7

Xu, Dandan, Dong Zhang, Dan Shi, and Zhaoqing Luan. "Automatic Extraction of Open Water Using Imagery of Landsat Series." Water 12, no. 7 (July 6, 2020): 1928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12071928.

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Анотація:
Open surface freshwater is an important resource for terrestrial ecosystems. However, climate change, seasonal precipitation cycling, and anthropogenic activities add high variability to its availability. Thus, timely and accurate mapping of open surface water is necessary. In this study, a methodology based on the concept of spatial autocorrelation was developed for automatic water extraction from Landsat series images using Taihu Lake in south-eastern China as an example. The results show that this method has great potential to extract continuous open surface water automatically, even when the water surface is covered by floating vegetation or algal blooms. The results also indicate that the second shortwave-infrared band (SWIR2) band performs best for water extraction when water is turbid or covered by surficial vegetation. Near-infrared band (NIR), first shortwave-infrared band (SWIR1), and SWIR2 have consistent extraction success when the water surface is not covered by vegetation. Low filter image processing greatly overestimated extracted water bodies, and cloud and image salt and pepper issues have a large impact on water extraction using the methods developed in this study.
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8

Malina, Edward, Haili Hu, Jochen Landgraf, and Ben Veihelmann. "A study of synthetic <sup>13</sup>CH<sub>4</sub> retrievals from TROPOMI and Sentinel-5/UVNS." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 12, no. 12 (November 29, 2019): 6273–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-6273-2019.

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Abstract. Retrievals of methane isotopologues have the potential to differentiate between natural and anthropogenic methane sources types, which can provide much needed information about the current global methane budget. We investigate the feasibility of retrieving the second most abundant isotopologue of atmospheric methane (13CH4, roughly 1.1 % of total atmospheric methane) from the shortwave infrared (SWIR) channels of the future Sentinel-5/ultra-violet, visible, near-infrared, shortwave infrared (UVNS) and current Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) instruments. With the intended goal of calculating the δ13C value, we assume that a δ13C uncertainty of better than 1 ‰ is sufficient to differentiate between source types, which corresponds to a 13CH4 uncertainty of <0.02 ppb. Using the well-established information content analysis techniques and assuming clear-sky, non-scattering conditions, we find that the SWIR3 (2305–2385 nm) channel on the TROPOMI instrument can achieve a mean uncertainty of <1 ppb, while the SWIR1 channel (1590–1675 nm) on the Sentinel-5 UVNS instrument can achieve <0.68 ppb or <0.2 ppb in high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) cases. These uncertainties combined with significant spatial and/or temporal averaging techniques can reduce δ13C uncertainty to the target magnitude or better. However, we find that 13CH4 retrievals are highly sensitive to errors in a priori knowledge of temperature and pressure, and accurate knowledge of these profiles is required before 13CH4 retrievals can be performed on TROPOMI and future Sentinel-5/UVNS data. In addition, we assess the assumption that scattering-induced light path errors are cancelled out by comparing the δ13C values calculated for non-scattering and scattering scenarios. We find that there is a minor bias in δ13C values from scattering and non-scattering retrievals, but this is unrelated to scattering-induced errors.
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9

Falcioni, Renan, Werner Camargos Antunes, Roney Berti de Oliveira, Marcelo Luiz Chicati, José Alexandre M. Demattê, and Marcos Rafael Nanni. "Assessment of Combined Reflectance, Transmittance, and Absorbance Hyperspectral Sensors for Prediction of Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Parameters." Remote Sensing 15, no. 20 (October 22, 2023): 5067. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15205067.

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Photosynthesis is a key process in plant physiology. Understanding its mechanisms is crucial for optimizing crop yields and for environmental monitoring across a diverse range of plants. In this study, we employed reflectance, transmittance, and absorbance hyperspectral sensors and utilized multivariate statistical techniques to improve the predictive models for chlorophyll a fluorescence (ChlF) parameters in Hibiscus and Geranium model plants. Our objective was to identify spectral bands within hyperspectral data that correlate with ChlF indicators using high-resolution data spanning the electromagnetic spectrum from ultraviolet to shortwave infrared (UV–VIS–NIR–SWIR). Utilizing the hyperspectral vegetation indices (HVIs) tool to align importance projection for wavelength preselection and select the most responsive wavelength by variable importance projection (VIP), we optimized partial least squares regression (PLSR) models to enhance predictive accuracy. Our findings revealed a strong relationship between hyperspectral sensor data and ChlF parameters. Employing principal component analysis, kappa coefficients (k), and accuracy (Acc) evaluations, we achieved values exceeding 86% of the predicted ChlF parameters for both Hibiscus and Geranium plants. Regression models for parameters such as Ψ(EO), ϕ(PO), ϕ(EO), ϕ(DO), δRo, ρRo, Kn, Kp, SFI(abs), PI(abs), and D.F. demonstrated model accuracies close to 0.84 for R2 and approximately 1.96 for RPD. The spectral regions linked with these parameters included blue, green, red, infrared, SWIR1, and SWIR2, emphasizing their relevance for noninvasive evaluations. This research demonstrates the ability of hyperspectral sensors to noninvasively predict chlorophyll a fluorescence (ChlF) parameters, which are essential for assessing photosynthetic efficiency in plants. Notably, hyperspectral absorbance data were more accurate in predicting JIP-test-based chlorophyll a kinetic parameters. In conclusion, this study underscores the potential of hyperspectral sensors for deepening our understanding of plant photosynthesis and monitoring plant health.
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10

Rostami, Amirhossein, Reza Shah-Hosseini, Shabnam Asgari, Arastou Zarei, Mohammad Aghdami-Nia, and Saeid Homayouni. "Active Fire Detection from Landsat-8 Imagery Using Deep Multiple Kernel Learning." Remote Sensing 14, no. 4 (February 17, 2022): 992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14040992.

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Анотація:
Active fires are devastating natural disasters that cause socio-economical damage across the globe. The detection and mapping of these disasters require efficient tools, scientific methods, and reliable observations. Satellite images have been widely used for active fire detection (AFD) during the past years due to their nearly global coverage. However, accurate AFD and mapping in satellite imagery is still a challenging task in the remote sensing community, which mainly uses traditional methods. Deep learning (DL) methods have recently yielded outstanding results in remote sensing applications. Nevertheless, less attention has been given to them for AFD in satellite imagery. This study presented a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) “MultiScale-Net” for AFD in Landsat-8 datasets at the pixel level. The proposed network had two main characteristics: (1) several convolution kernels with multiple sizes, and (2) dilated convolution layers (DCLs) with various dilation rates. Moreover, this paper suggested an innovative Active Fire Index (AFI) for AFD. AFI was added to the network inputs consisting of the SWIR2, SWIR1, and Blue bands to improve the performance of the MultiScale-Net. In an ablation analysis, three different scenarios were designed for multi-size kernels, dilation rates, and input variables individually, resulting in 27 distinct models. The quantitative results indicated that the model with AFI-SWIR2-SWIR1-Blue as the input variables, using multiple kernels of sizes 3 × 3, 5 × 5, and 7 × 7 simultaneously, and a dilation rate of 2, achieved the highest F1-score and IoU of 91.62% and 84.54%, respectively. Stacking AFI with the three Landsat-8 bands led to fewer false negative (FN) pixels. Furthermore, our qualitative assessment revealed that these models could detect single fire pixels detached from the large fire zones by taking advantage of multi-size kernels. Overall, the MultiScale-Net met expectations in detecting fires of varying sizes and shapes over challenging test samples.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "SwIRa"

1

Ben-Yeoshua, Moshe 1957. "Coaxial jets with swirl." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291734.

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Анотація:
The near field of coaxial air jets, with swirl in the outer one, was investigated experimentally. Axial and azimuthal velocities were mapped using hot-wire anemometry, and static pressure measurements were obtained using a pitot tube. The flow was visualized using a double-pass schlieren system. The flow is sensitive to both the amount of swirl, characterized by the swirl number S, and the mass flow ratio between the outer and inner jets, mr. A necessary condition for recirculation to occur was that S > 0.58 and mr > 8.5. The magnitude of a pressure deficit in the centerline strongly depends on mr, while the existence of swirl appears to have a triggering effect on setting up this pressure gradient. Spectral analysis shows distinct characteristics dependent on the occurrence of recirculation. Because these features were observed upstream of the recirculation region, the vortex breakdown in this experiment may be related to flow instabilities.
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2

Yellugari, Kranthi. "Effects of Swirl Number and Central Rod on Flow in Lean Premixed Swirl Combustor." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1563872979440851.

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3

Ayache, Simon Victor. "Simulations of turbulent swirl combustors." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/243609.

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Анотація:
This thesis aims at improving our knowledge on swirl combustors. The work presented here is based on Large Eddy Simulations (LES) coupled to an advanced combustion model: the Conditional Moment Closure (CMC). Numerical predictions have been systematically compared and validated with detailed experimental datasets. In order to analyze further the physics underlying the large numerical datasets, Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) has also been used throughout the thesis. Various aspects of the aerodynamics of swirling flames are investigated, such as precession or vortex formation caused by flow oscillations, as well as various combustion aspects such as localized extinctions and flame lift-off. All the above affect flame stabilization in different ways and are explored through focused simulations. The first study investigates isothermal air flows behind an enclosed bluff body, with the incoming flow being pulsated. These flows have strong similarities to flows found in combustors experiencing self-excited oscillations and can therefore be considered as canonical problems. At high enough forcing frequencies, double ring vortices are shed from the air pipe exit. Various harmonics of the pulsating frequency are observed in the spectra and their relation with the vortex shedding is investigated through POD. The second study explores the structure of the Delft III piloted turbulent non-premixed flame. The simple configuration allows to analyze further key combustion aspects of combustors, with further insights provided on the dynamics of localized extinctions and re-ignition, as well as the pollutants emissions. The third study presents a comprehensive analysis of the aerodynamics of swirl flows based on the TECFLAM confined non-premixed S09c configuration. A periodic component inside the air inlet pipe and around the central bluff body is observed, for both the inert and reactive flows. POD shows that these flow oscillations are due to single and double helical vortices, similar to Precessing Vortex Cores (PVC), that develop inside the air inlet pipe and whose axes rotate around the burner. The combustion process is found to affect the swirl flow aerodynamics. Finally, the fourth study investigates the TECFLAM configuration again, but here attention is given to the flame lift-off evident in experiments and reproduced by the LES-CMC formulation. The stabilization process and the pollutants emission of the flame are investigated in detail.
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4

Pantelides, Kyriacos. "Isothermal and combusting swirl-stabilised." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397059.

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5

Ahmad, N. T. "Swirl stabilised gas turbine combustion." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356423.

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6

Zannoni, Marco. "Simulazione dinamica swirl in motore diesel." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/9268/.

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7

Kashdan, Julian Takashi. "Experiments on intermittent swirl generated sprays." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252188.

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8

Shelil, Nasser. "Flashback studies with premixed swirl combustion." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2009. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55494/.

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Анотація:
The important conclusion was reached that when combusting H2/CH 4 fuel mixes flashback behaviour approaches that of pure methane for equivalence ratios less than about 0.65, all pressures investigated up to 7 bara and air inlet temperatures of 300 and 473K. Significant deleterious changes in flashback behaviour for H2/CH4 fuel mixes occurred for air inlet temperatures of 673K, although operation at weak equivalence ratios less than 0.65 was still beneficial.
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9

DUARTE, LUIZ GUSTAVO DA CRUZ. "MASS TRANSFER TO SWIRL IMPINGING JETS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 1994. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=24868@1.

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Анотація:
O presente trabalho é um estudo experimental das características de troca de calor e massa de um jato de ar incidindo ortogonalmente sobre uma placa. o estudo tem por objetivo avaliar a influência nos coeficientes de troca da presença de um componente circunferencial na velocidade do jato. Durante os experimentos foram investigadas a influência do número de Reynolds do jato, da distância jato/placa e da intensidade do escoamento espiralado (número de swirl). Os coeficientes de troca foram determinados utilizando-se a técnica de sublimação de naftaleno em conjunto com a analogia entre os provessos de transferência de calor e massa. Coeficientes de troca de massa locais foram determinados utilizando-se uma mesa de coordenadas computadorizada especialmente construída, que permitiu a obtenção de medidas detalhadas tanto na região de estagnação do jato quanto na região mais externa. Coeficientes globais de troca de massa foram obtidos independentemente dos locais através de pesagem. Os resultados demonstraram uma diminuição nos coeficientes de troca de massa do jato com o aumento da intensidade do escoamento espiralado. Visualizações do escoamento junto à placa foram realizadas, utilizando-se a técnica de óleo com o negro de fumo. Os resultados das visualizações demonstraram a existência de regiões de separação junto à fronteira da zona de estagnação. Para altos valores do número de swirl foram verificadas fortes reversões do escoamento na região de estagnação.
The present work is an experimental study of the mass transfer characteristics of a swirling jet impinging on a flat plate. The main objective of the investigation was to determine the influence of a circumferential velocity component (the swirl component) on the local and average mass transfer coefficients at the plate surface. The dimensionless parameters investigated were the jet Reynolds number, the jet-to-plate distance, and the strength of the swirl flow given by the swirl number. Mass transfer coefficients were obtained utilizing the naphthalene sublimation technique. The local coefficients were determined employing a computerized coodinate table which allowed a detailed study of the effects of the presence of the swirl component. Average coefficients were determined independently through precision weighing, and displayed excellent agreement with the integrated local coefficients. The results demonstrated that the presence of the swirl component decreases the mass transfer coefficients, when compared with the non-swirl case. Flow visualization experiments were conducted utilizing the oil-lamp black technique. The results revealed regions of reverse flow at the stagnation zone for high values of the swirl number.
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Hoopes, Kevin M. "A New Method for Generating Swirl Inlet Distortion for Jet Engine Research." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49545.

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Jet engines operate by ingesting incoming air, adding momentum to it, and exhausting it through a nozzle to produce thrust. Because of their reliance on an inlet stream, jet engines are very sensitive to inlet flow nonuniformities. This makes the study of the effects of inlet nonuniformities essential to improving jet engine performance. Swirl distortion is the presence of flow angle nonuniformity in the inlet stream of a jet engine. Although several attempts have been made to accurately reproduce swirl distortion profiles in a testing environment, there has yet to be a proven method to do so.

A new method capable of recreating any arbitrary swirl distortion profile is needed in order to expand the capabilities of inlet distortion testing. This will allow designers to explore how an engine would react to a particular engine airframe combination as well as methods for creating swirl distortion tolerant engines. The following material will present such a method as well as experimental validation of its effectiveness.
Master of Science
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Книги з теми "SwIRa"

1

Desai, Keshubhai. Switra. Ahmedabad: Navbharat Sahitya Mandir, 1989.

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Sidman, Joyce. Swirl by swirl: Spirals in nature. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2011.

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Hermanu. Layang swara. Kotabaru, Yogyakarta: Bentara Budaya Yogyakarta, 2013.

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Perelman, Helen. Rainbow swirl. New York: Aladdin, 2010.

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5

Bhaṭṭācārya, Basanta Kumāra. Asaṃlagna swara. Nalabārī, Asama: Minārbhā Buka Ḍipo, 1991.

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Perelman, Helen. Rainbow swirl. New York: Aladdin, 2010.

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7

Farr, Michael. PolyDesign Hong Kong. [Hong Kong: Swire School of Design], 1986.

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Maṅgapati, Puṭṭā. Svarasēva: Swara seva. Haidarābād: Ghaṇṭasāla Gānasabha, 2013.

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Morf, Isabel. Frauen im kulturellen Leben der Schweiz. Zürich: Pro Helvetia, 1997.

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10

1951-, Bordhi Cat, and Lonergan Zoë, eds. Knit, swirl!: Uniquely flattering one piece, one seam swirl jackets. Windsor, CA: SeaStack Pub., 2011.

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Частини книг з теми "SwIRa"

1

Gooch, Jan W. "Swirl." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 724. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_11473.

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Tillett, Wade A. "Swirl." In Navigating the Postmodern Condition, 77–84. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003471882-21.

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Kramer, Georgiana. "Lunar Swirl." In Encyclopedia of Planetary Landforms, 1–7. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9213-9_557-1.

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4

Alinezhad, Alireza, and Javad Khalili. "SWARA Method." In New Methods and Applications in Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM), 99–102. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15009-9_14.

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5

Basu, Prabir, Cen Kefa, and Louis Jestin. "Swirl Burners." In Mechanical Engineering Series, 212–41. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1250-8_8.

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Kramer, Georgiana. "Lunar Swirl." In Encyclopedia of Planetary Landforms, 1285–90. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3134-3_557.

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7

Lal, Pyare. "An Exploratory Study on Characteristics of SWIRL of AlGaAs/GaAs in Advanced Bio based Nanotechnological Systems." In Advanced Materials and Nano Systems: Theory and Experiment - Part 2, 18–33. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815049961122020006.

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The most prominent aim of this innovative research book chapter has been to study an optimised exploration of characteristics of SWIRL (Short Wave Infra-Red Light) of AlGaAs/GaAs heterogeneous type nanostructure under various GRINSLs (Graded Refractive Index Nano Scale Layers) in advanced bio-based nanotechnological systems. Under this optimised exploration, the simulating performances of SWIRL gain enhancement with wavelengths of light photons for various GRINSLs have been systematically calculated. Other important parameters like SWIRL modal confinement gain with current densities per unit cm2, SWIRL differential gain and parameter of antiguiding with carriers per unit cm3 have been computed. In the innovative investigation through the results, the highest value of SWIRL gain has been achieved at the wavelength ~ 830 nm. The SWIR light of wavelength ~ 830 nm has mostly been utilised in the optimization of a proper combination of higher penetrating abilities and cellular type interactions. Hence, this wavelength’s SWIRL source has also been used in the treatment of wound, pain and various types of sensitive skin diseases by using the FONSCs (Fibre Optic Nano Scale Cables) through the TIRPs (Total Internal Reflection Processes) without any attenuation in dB/Km due to diminished scattering, dispersion and absorptions in the nanotechnological biosciences and medical sciences. Moreover, this SWIRL of wavelength ~ 830 nm has provided the most fabulous role in the proper controlling of inflammation, oedema as well as infections of various bacteria in advanced bio-based nanotechnological systems.
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8

"Swirl." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 946. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30160-0_11259.

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9

"Swirl." In Art Of Texturing & Coving, 39–47. Routledge, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203497715-0.

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10

Bourlce, Paul D. "Swirl." In The Pattern Book: Fractals, Art, and Nature, 197–98. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812832061_0074.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "SwIRa"

1

Mercan, B., B. L. Volk, M. Campbell, and P. Guerin. "Feasibility of Steel and HDPE Sea Water Intake Risers for Deepwater Applications." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/35060-ms.

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Abstract There is a growing desire in the offshore oil and gas industry to lower CO2 emissions from operations, especially in FPSOs and FLNG units. One method to lower CO2 emission is to reduce power consumption by improving the cooling system so that it utilizes colder water from deep sea. Traditionally, Sea Water Intake Risers (SWIRs), which are usually made of reinforced rubber hoses, are used to supply water from water depths up to 150m to the topside, resulting in an in-take temperature of at least 15°C. Nowadays, many operators have been trying to reach colder water (5-7°C) with target SWIR depths up to 700 m in order to support emission reduction efforts. However, there are many design and material restrictions to achieve this goal. Therefore, this paper focuses on the feasibility for steel and HDPE SWIR configurations for deep sea applications (up to 700m). Conducting a site-specific feasibility assessment at early design stage plays an important role in selecting an optimum SWIR configuration. The main pipe of the SWIRs is generally made of reinforced rubber, steel, or high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The SWIRs are installed in a free hanging configuration at the keel or on the sides of the FPSO. Their design can be challenging for deep water applications due to harsh environmental effects (i.e., wave and current). Interference with adjacent structures such as production risers or mooring lines can make their design even more complicated. In order to investigate the feasibility of 350 m and 700 m SWIRs, nonlinear finite element simulations are performed using HDPE and steel pipes for a conceptual field. The steel SWIRs may provide more confidence in long term reliability as steel is a conventional material for dynamic pipelines (e.g., production risers), but can lead to weight and fabrication constraints for deep water applications. HDPE is neutrally buoyant and eliminates weight restrictions but is also prone to creep, large displacements, and connection challenges. Today, there are many SWIRs in service, operating up to 150 m water depth and their design and operational requirements are well known by the oil and gas industry. Pumping sea water at depths greater than 150 m is a significant advancement for the industry as deeper SWIRs provide colder water and further reduction in the CO2 emission of FPSO's cooling systems. This paper focuses on the challenges and design limits for deep SWIRs (350 m and 700m) made of steel or HDPE.
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Huang, Forrest, John F. Canny, and Jeffrey Nichols. "Swire." In CHI '19: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300334.

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3

Griggs, Lee. "swirl." In ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 computer animation festival. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1281740.1281858.

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4

Vashistha, Aditya, Edward Cutrell, Gaetano Borriello, and William Thies. "Sangeet Swara." In CHI '15: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2702123.2702191.

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5

Halpin, John L. "Swirl Generation and Recirculation Using Radial Swirl Vanes." In ASME 1993 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/93-gt-169.

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The concept of the Swirl Number and its effect on recirculation is reviewed and problems with it are identified. Swirl generation through the use of radial inlet swirl vanes is then studied. The effect of vane and swirl cup design on recirculation is then evaluated using finite element computer modeling and verified using tufting tests. Vane geometry, combustor dome geometry, co- vs. counter-rotation and mass flow effects are all evaluated. It is shown that co- and counter-rotation generate very similar flow fields and recirculated mass flows. An approach for calculating swirl numbers in multiple swirler designs is proposed.
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6

Schumaker, S., Stephen Danczyk, and Malissa Lightfoot. "Effect of Swirl on Gas-Centered Swirl-Coaxial Injectors." In 47th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2011-5621.

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7

Williams, M., T. Ferguson, Adiel Guinzburg, and M. Stewart. "Inducer back-swirl." In 15th AIAA Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2001-3001.

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8

Jing, Yushi, Henry Rowley, Jingbin Wang, David Tsai, Chuck Rosenberg, and Michele Covell. "Google image swirl." In the 21st international conference companion. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2187980.2188116.

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9

Kodama, Sachiko. "MorphoTower / Spiral Swirl." In ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Art gallery. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1178977.1179034.

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10

Eck, Mattias Ettore Giulio, Philipp Maximilian zur Nedden, Jakob Georg Raimund von Saldern, Alessandro Orchini, and Christian Oliver Paschereit. "Design of a Swirl-Stabilized Burner With Fluidically Variable Swirl Number." In ASME Turbo Expo 2023: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2023-103062.

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Abstract For flame stabilization, burner systems are usually equipped with swirlers which incite a defined air rotation, quantified by the swirl number. In consequence, the swirl number, which significantly influences the flame dynamics, is fixed. Applications exist in which the swirl number can be varied through mechanically adjustable swirler geometries. Such systems, however, comprise moving parts and actuators, the operation of which might be disadvantageous in a combustor environment. Hence, a swirler is developed that allows for continuous swirl number changes by means of fluidic flow control. The direction of a primary air flow is changed through the injection of an adjacent wall jet which follows a curved surface. This causes a directional change of the primary flow due to entrainment effects. The swirler consists of a cylindrical plenum into which a primary air flow is led through azimuthally distributed channels. Each channel comprises a slotted wall. A secondary air mass flow can be induced passing through the slots, hence creating an adjacent wall jet, which subsequently follows a curved surface. The resulting azimuthal direction change of the primary flow depends on the induced secondary air mass flow. The angular flow momentum and thus the swirl number can be therefore continuously changed. The development process of the proposed swirler is presented and the efficiency of swirl variation of different geometries is qualitatively assessed through computational flow simulations. The effects of stationary operation and unsteady swirl number variations are herein investigated and, moreover, the variation performance is assessed for a range of different air mass flows. The simulation results show the potential of a linear swirl number variation with respect to the induced secondary air mass flow. Moreover, the simulation results show that the achieved swirl numbers are comparable to those of state-of-the-art swirlers.
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Звіти організацій з теми "SwIRa"

1

Williams, Richard M., Jason S. Thompson, Timothy L. Stewart, and Brianna J. Tweedy. FY04 SWIR CRDS Summary Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15020770.

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2

Williams, Richard M., Jason S. Thompson, Elizabeth C. Golovich, Timothy L. Stewart, and Brianna J. Tweedy. FY05 SWIR-CRDS Summary Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/877072.

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3

Lightfoot, Malissa D., Stephen A. Danczyk, and Douglas G. Talley. Scaling of Gas-Centered Swirl-Coaxial Injectors. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada502809.

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4

Ala Qubbaj. NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF NATURAL GAS-SWIRL BURNER. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/841149.

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5

Hawley, Adam. PR-015-17606-R03 Flow Conditioner Swirl Reduction Testing. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011585.

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This project evaluated the relative performance of the CPA 50E, CPA 55E, and CPA 65E flow conditioners manufactured by Canada Pipeline Accessories (CPA). The flow conditioners were tested to determine their ability to reduce swirl in a natural gas flow and to compare the audible noise of the flow conditioners over a range of flow rates.
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Muss, J. A., C. W. Johnson, R. K. Cohn, P. A. Strakey, and R. W. Bates. Swirl Coaxial Injector Development. Part I: Test Results. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada408502.

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Cheng, G. C., C. W. Johnson, and R. K. Cohn. Swirl Coaxial Injector Development. Part II: CFD Modeling. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada412040.

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8

Cheng, Gary C., Rory R. Davis, Curtis W. Johnson, Jeffrey A. Muss, and Daniel A. Griesen. Development of GOX/Kerosene Swirl-Coaxial Injector Technology. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada416879.

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Parr, T., K. Wilson, K. Schadow, J. Cole, and N. Widmer. Sludge Combustor Using Swirl and Active Combustion Control. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada382663.

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Ruggles, M. B. Tensile and compressive behavior of a swirl mat composite. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/296739.

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