Готові списки джерел за темами / Sustainable livestock production

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Sustainable livestock production"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 7 липня 2024
Оновлено: 7 липня 2024

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  1. Статті в журналах
  2. Дисертації
  3. Книги
  4. Частини книг
  5. Тези доповідей конференцій
  6. Звіти організацій

Статті в журналах з теми "Sustainable livestock production":

1

Robinson, Nicola. "Sustainable livestock production." Veterinary Record 177, no. 3 (July 16, 2015): i—ii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.h3822.

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2

Leinonen, Ilkka. "Achieving Environmentally Sustainable Livestock Production." Sustainability 11, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010246.

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3

Kennady, Vijayalakshmy, Sharmistha Chakraborty, Jyotsnarani Biswal, and Habibar Rahman. "Sustainable Livestock Production: A Systematic Review of Different Constraints Associated with Sustainable Livestock Production." European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 5, no. 2 (April 23, 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejfood.2023.5.2.663.

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Agriculture in general and ranches contribute significantly to the sustainability of poor and marginalized farmers. To meet the future requirements of an increasing population, animal productivity must be significantly increased. Animal production is increasingly influenced by a variety of external factors. This includes increasing demand for animal products and an inadequate supply of feed ingredients due to competition in natural resources and trade barriers. At the same time, there is growing concern about livestock and its health consequences. Optimization of the productivity and effectiveness within such restrictions, as well as profit maximization for all stakeholders, are important goals. Several indicators show that animal production optimization is still potentially possible. New science and technologies seem to offer many opportunities for innovation in animal production. Animal productivity improvement has significant mitigation effects in both developed and developing countries. However, the extent of its impact also depends on factors such as the genetic potential of the animal and the introduction of management techniques. Acceptance by consumers and society is an important success factor. In summary, sustainable livestock is very important in livestock. This overview focuses on various issues and restrictions associated with sustainable livestock production.
4

Jose, Shibu, and Jeanne Dollinger. "Silvopasture: a sustainable livestock production system." Agroforestry Systems 93, no. 1 (February 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-019-00366-8.

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5

Méndez-Argüello, Bulmaro, Ricardo Hugo Lira-Saldivar, Froylan Rosales-Martínez, Santa Dolores Carreño-Ruiz, Rubén Monroy-Hernández, and Abisag Antonieta Avalos Lázaro. "NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR MODERN SUSTAINABLE LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION." Journal of Agricultural Sciences Research (2764-0973) 3, no. 5 (April 17, 2023): 2–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.973352326045.

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6

Rekwot, Grace Zibah, Anosike Francis Ugo, and Oke-Egbodo Brenda Engo. "Climate Variability and Livestock Production in Nigeria: Lessons for Sustainable Livestock Production." Agricultura Tropica et Subtropica 49, no. 1-4 (December 1, 2016): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ats-2016-0004.

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Abstract The study examined the relationship between climate variability and livestock production and the lessons that can be drawn for achieving sustainable livestock production in Nigeria. The study employed time series data on annual rainfall and livestock production given by index of the aggregate livestock production over the period of 1970 to 2008. The data were obtained from various publications of the Central Bank of Nigeria and the Nigerian Meteorological Agency. The data were analyzed through the instrumentality of econometric tools such as Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test, Vector auto regression (VAR) lag order selection test and Pairwise granger causality. The results of the data analysis revealed the existence of unidirectional causality from climate variability to livestock production in Nigeria and this implies that climate variability has been significant in influencing livestock production over the period under study. Based on the foregoing, it is recommended as a matter of urgency that government should continually sensitize farmers on the challenges of climate change and feasible adaptation measures that they can adhere to in order to avert the detrimental effects of climate change on sustainable livestock production. In other words, implementation of the policy thrust on climate smart agriculture should be pursued vigorously.
7

Urdaneta, Fatima. "Regenerative livestock or sustainable livestock?" Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia 40, Supplement (November 8, 2023): e2340Spl01. http://dx.doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.supl.01.

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Sustainability has been recognized as a fundamental principle of development so that humanity can survive on this planet. However, there are still difficulties in translating its philosophical principles into the ability to make concrete decisions for its consolidation. Three factors that determine growth on planet earth, directly related to agricultural systems, have been identified: agricultural production, management of natural resources, and pollution. Therefore, sustainable agriculture must consider them both for the management of plant and animal populations, since both modify the environment to adapt it to their requirements, thus regenerative practices arise to recover the ability of ecosystems to restore themselves. In that sense, it is intended in this review to elucidate how the concepts and principles exposed are translated into a regenerative or a sustainable livestock. To achieve sustainability, it is necessary and essential, an integral management of processes with a holistic vision of the system by farmers and technicians, leading human talents willing to learn different and new technologies, and motivated trained personnel in sustainable techniques that incorporate agroecological and regenerative practices, all on the basis of financial planning. Regenerative livestock per se as an emerging paradigm is very promising, but still requires local research. It is concluded that there is no single model of sustainable livestock, there are no recipes or technological packages, it is governed by the principles that aim at the balance of its dimensions (social, economic, environmental and institutional political governance).
8

Smith, Nolan. "Environmental Sustainability in Livestock Production." International Journal of Livestock Policy 2, no. 1 (February 19, 2024): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijlp.1701.

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Purpose: The general purpose of this study was to analyze environmental sustainability in livestock production. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to environmental sustainability in livestock production. The study provided valuable insights into the complex interactions between livestock production practices and environmental sustainability, highlighting significant challenges such as greenhouse gas emissions, water pollution, biodiversity loss, and land degradation. It emphasized the importance of adopting integrated approaches to mitigate these impacts, stressing the need for transformative changes in livestock production. The study also underscored the role of policy and governance mechanisms in driving sustainable practices and fostering multi-stakeholder collaboration. Urgency was emphasized in addressing environmental sustainability in livestock production to mitigate negative impacts, urging concerted action from governments, industry stakeholders, researchers, and consumers for a sustainable future. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Agroecology theory, Socio-Ecological Systems theory and the Sustainable Livelihoods approach may be used to anchor future studies on environmental sustainability in livestock production. The recommendations advocate for the promotion of sustainable livestock production practices, emphasizing techniques like rotational grazing and integrated pest management to minimize environmental degradation. Investing in research and innovation is crucial to developing new technologies for enhanced sustainability, while education initiatives empower farmers with necessary skills. Policymakers are urged to shape regulations and provide incentives for sustainable practices, with collaboration among stakeholders highlighted as essential for addressing environmental challenges effectively. Raising consumer awareness and promoting sustainable consumption patterns further drive positive change throughout the supply chain. In conclusion, a multifaceted approach integrating innovation, policy, education, and collaboration is essential for achieving environmental sustainability in livestock production, ensuring a balance between conservation and development.
9

GALINDO, F., S. M. HUERTAS, and C. GALLO. "‘One Welfare’: towards sustainable livestock production systems." Bulletin de l'OIE 2017, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/bull.2017.1.2589.

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10

Fľak, Pavel. "Biometrics and biomathematics in sustainable livestock production." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 21, no. 5-6 (2005): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah0506061f.

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Статті в журналах Книги

Дисертації з теми "Sustainable livestock production":

1

Godber, Olivia Florence. "Livestock production : sustainable development and environmental constraints." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.723443.

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2

Garcia, Taylor Jacob. "Reduce Reuse Re-rumen| Repurposing Ruminal Waste for Sustainable Livestock Production." Thesis, Tarleton State University, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10977321.

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Animals with multi-compartmented stomachs, also known as ruminants, are adapted to digest cellulosic materials, which constitute the primary expense on ranches and dairies. Industrial byproducts can be repurposed for livestock diets to decrease these costs. Therefore, finding alternative feedstuffs may benefit the economics of livestock production. The goal of this project was to evaluate alternative uses of ruminal waste from commercial abattoirs. This project addressed two primary objectives. First, ruminal fiber as a potential dietary fiber source was evaluated. Second, the potential for preservation of ruminal fluid for later use was assessed. Results for the first objective indicated harvesting rumen waste from slaughterhouses could be beneficial for sustainable livestock production, while reducing the environmental threat posed by disposal of ruminal waste. Nutritional values of rumen waste in relation to other common livestock roughages sources commonly found in ruminant diets are numberical , such as coastal Bermuda grass hay (Cynodon dactylon ) and alfalfa hay (Medicago sativa). Neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL) and crude protein (CP) values were 68.1%, 39.9%, 10.9% and 15%, respectively. Contribution to variance for NDF, ADF, ADL and CP were 97.2%, 97.9%, 95.4% and 19.1%, respectively. In vitro true digestibility (IVTD) and in vitro neutral detergent fiber digestibility (IVNDFD) were 46.2% and 21.6%, respectively. Results from the second objective showed lower degradation of feeds when frozen or lyophilized rumen fluid was used rather than fresh inoculum; however, differences in IVTD and IVNDFD suggest that, in the absence of fresh inocula, preserved rumen fluid may be a viable option. Implications from this study show rumen content could provide nutrients if fed to livestock and rumen microbes preserved (frozen or lyophilized) are still viable and able to degrade feedstuffs. Therefore, further research is needed to assess the consistency of using inoculum from slaughtered cattle and improve the preservation process.

3

zu, Ermgassen Erasmus Klaus Helge Justus. "Strategies for sustainable livestock production in Brazil and the European Union." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/274541.

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Livestock provide as much as one-third of all protein consumed by humans, but have a disproportionate and growing environmental impact. Livestock production occupies 50-75% of agricultural land, contributes 15% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, and drives agricultural expansion in the tropics through the global trade in animal feed. This thesis therefore evaluates two strategies for shrinking the environmental impact of the livestock sector. First, I evaluate the potential for food losses (i.e. foods which were intended for human consumption, but which ultimately are not directly eaten by people) to replace grain- and soybean-based pig feeds in Europe. While food losses have been included in animal feed for millennia, the practice is all but banned in the European Union, because of disease control concerns. Several East Asian states have in the last 20 years, however, introduced regulated systems for safely recycling food losses into animal feed. I combine data from multiple sources (including government reports, the animal science literature, and factory-floor data from South Korean swill-feed factories), and find that the introduction of East Asian practices for recycling food losses as animal feed could reduce the land use of EU pork (20% of world production) by one fifth, potentially saving 1.8 million hectares of agricultural land. This would also reduce 12/14 other assessed environmental impacts and deliver economic savings for pig farmers, as swill (cooked food losses) costs 40-60% less than conventional grain-based feeds. In a survey of pig farmers (n=82) and other agricultural stakeholders (n=81) at a UK agricultural trade fair, we found high support (>75%) for the relegalisation of swill. Support for swill feeding arose in part because respondents thought that swill would lower costs, increase profitability, and be better for the environment. Our results also confirmed the critical importance of disease control and consumer communication when considering relegalisation, as respondents who thought that swill would increase disease risks and be unpalatable to consumers were less supportive of relegalisation. Any new system for the use of swill will require careful design of regulation to ensure that heat-treatment is sufficient, and to reduce to a negligible level the risk of uncooked animal by-products entering feed. Our results suggest, however, that if such a system can be established, there would be multiple benefits and widespread support for its relegalisation. Second, I evaluated the potential to increase the productivity of cattle ranching in the Brazilian Amazon. While high hopes have been placed on the potential for intensification of low-productivity cattle ranching to spare land for other agricultural uses, cattle productivity in the Amazon biome (29% of the Brazilian cattle herd) remains stubbornly low, and it is not clear how to realize theoretical productivity gains in practice. I therefore (a) surveyed six on-the-ground initiatives which have been working with local farmers to improve cattle ranching, quantifying their farm practices, animal performance, and economic results; and (b) analysed the progress that has already been made in reconciling agriculture and forest conservation, by evaluating the impact of the flagship anti-deforestation policy, the priority list (Municípios Prioritários). The survey showed that cattle intensification initiatives operating in four states have used a wide range of technologies to improve productivity by 30-490%, while supporting compliance with the Brazilian Forest Code. Using two complementary difference-in-difference estimators, I then found no evidence for trade-offs between agriculture and forest conservation under the priority list; instead, reductions in deforestation in priority list municipalities were paired with increases in cattle production and productivity (cattle/hectare). The policy had no effect on dairy or crop production. Together, these results provide real-world evidence that increases in cattle production in Brazil do not need to come at the expense of the country’s remaining native vegetation.
4

De, Oliveira Silva Rafael. "Modelling sustainable intensification in Brazilian agriculture." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28821.

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At the United Nations Framework Conference on Climate Change COP15 (2009) Brazil presented ambitious commitments or Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs), to reduce greenhouse gases emissions (GHGs) mitigation by 2020. At COP21 (2015), the country presented new commitments and a framework to achieve further mitigation targets by 2030 as so-called Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs). Both NAMAs and INDCs focus on the land use change and agricultural sectors, but the INDCs include a commitment of zero illegal deforestation in the Amazon by 2030. This research focuses on the contribution of the livestock sector to reducing GHGs through the adoption of sustainable intensification measures. A detailed linear programming model, called Economic Analysis of Greenhouse Gases for Livestock Emissions (EAGGLE), of beef production was developed to evaluate environmental trade-offs. The modelling encompasses pasture degradation and recovery processes, animal and deforestation emissions, soil organic carbon dynamics and upstream life-cycle inventory. The model was parameterized for the Brazilian Cerrado, Amazon and Atlantic Forest biomes and further developed for farm-scale and regional-scale analysis. Different versions of the EAGGLE model was used to: (i) Evaluate the GHG mitigation potential and economic benefit of optimizing pasture management through the partitioning of initially uniform pasture area; (ii) to define abatement potential and cost-effectiveness of key mitigation measures applicable to the Brazilian Cerrado; (ii) to demonstrate the extent of cost-effective mitigation that can be delivered by the livestock sector as part of INDCs, and to show a result that underpins the national INDC target of zero deforestation; and (iv) to evaluate the consequences of reducing (or increasing) beef production on GHGs in the Cerrado. Counter-intuitively, a sensitivity analysis shows that reducing beef consumption could lead to higher GHG emissions, while increasing production could reduce total GHGs if livestock is decoupled from deforestation.
5

Sedic, Elmir. "Options for the sustainable development of livestock production systems in the Western Balkans." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/242962.

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I sistemi di allevamento occupano un terzo della superficie terrestre e, nei paesi in via di sviluppo, costituiscono un importante strumento per la riduzione del rischio per le comunità rurali. Questi sistemi sono molto sensibili all’azione di disturbo di fattori esterni ed hanno una scarsa capacità di adattamento. Recentemente, i Balcani occidentali sono stati interessati da conflitti armati dopo la caduta della Jugoslavia. In risposta a questi fattori sono emerse nuove limitazioni e gap di sviluppo che agricoltori ed allevatori hanno dovuto fronteggiare. Tali divari si sono ancor più ampliati nel corso del tempo e le pratiche tradizionali di allevamento sono state abbandonate. Gli obiettivi principali della tesi sono i seguenti: (i) analizzare, in relazione alle regioni biogeografiche e considerando i singoli paesi, come il settore zootecnico si stia riorganizzando, (ii) quali vincoli stanno influenzando i sistemi di allevamento e quali opzioni di sviluppo possono contribuire alla loro continuità e (iii) come si differenzia nei diversi paesi l’efficienza tecnica del sistema vacca-vitello. Attualmente, il settore zootecnico è riorganizzato su ciò che rimane dell’assetto strutturale del periodo comunista dopo i conflitti degli anni '90. I principali vincoli risultano legati alle problematiche economiche dei sistemi. I trend individuati delineano una diminuzione degli allevamenti, ma allo stesso tempo un aumento del numero di animali per azienda. Nella maggior parte dei casi, il numero medio di animali per azienda si trova attualmente al di sotto del livello sostenibile e le aziende di piccole e medie dimensioni hanno la necessità di aumentare la loro dimensione. L'importanza dei programmi di sviluppo rurale, insieme alla definizione e all'attuazione di pratiche alternative di gestione, sia a livello di regione biogeografica che locale, sono identificate come le principali opzioni di sviluppo. L’analisi del sistema vacca-vitello evidenzia che le aziende che operano con più elevata efficienza sono quelle di dimensioni minori e meno specializzate.
Livestock systems occupy about a third of the planet’s ice-free terrestrial surface area and, in developing countries, serve as an important risk reduction strategy for vulnerable communities. The livestock sector is very sensitive to external disturbances and has just limited capacity to cope with emerging constraints. Recently, Western Balkans were affected by armed conflict after the downfall of the former Yugoslavia. In response to these disturbances, new constraints and development gaps emerged, which the local farmers and breeders had to withstand. Those gaps have widened even further over the time and livestock farming adapted to those changes leading to the abandonment of traditional practices. The main objectives of this thesis were (i) to analyse on a scale of biogeographical regions, taking into account single countries, how the livestock sector is reorganizing, (ii) which constraints are affecting the systems and which set of development options could contribute to their continuity and (iii) how the emerging cow-calf system in different countries diverge in terms of technical efficiency. The livestock sector is now organised on the remains of the communism period and of the conflicts among newly emerging states in the ‘90s. Main perceived constraints are highly related to the economic issues. For the upcoming trends a decrease of participants to the systems, but simultaneously an increase of the number of animals per farm are present. In most cases, the current mean number of animals per farm is below the proposed sustainable level and most of the small and medium farms need to increase their size. The importance of rural development programmes together with the designation and implementation of alternative management practices on both regional and local basis are highlighted as the main development options. In terms of efficiency gaps among the analysed cow-calf farms, smaller and less specialised units operate with the highest estimated result.
6

HEJNA, MONIKA. "PLANT-BASED STRATEGIES TO CONTROL THE ZINC AND THE COPPER OUTPUT FROM SWINE LIVESTOCK." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/821594.

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The current state of agriculture, where demand for safe food is increasing rapidly as a consequence of growing population, raises a number of questions related to the one health approach and sustainable animal production with minimal impact on the environment. Swine production is an important branch of food production where weaning is the most vulnerable phase for piglets, often associated with decrease of growth performance and diarrhoea. The maintenance of gut health is therefore a complex endeavour where nutrition is crucial in order to reduce the intestinal disorders. Antimicrobial resistance is also a significant global concern. Reducing antibiotic use in animal production systems decreased prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in animals about 15%. In the last decade, the European Union banned the antibiotic use as growth promoters in livestock (EU Reg. 1831/2003). The first antibiotic alternative was the wide application of essential nutrients such as zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) salts in the form of premix in the diets of animals to control digestive disorders. Due to their low bioavailability, Zn and Cu are commonly found in animal’ manure as a reflection of their content in the feed. The use of Zn and Cu in feed may also have contributed to the emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Despite antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities, the first adopted alternative against in-feed antibiotics became unsafe due to heavy metal’ pollution in livestock wastewater. In order to reduce the high concentration of Zn and Cu and the antibiotic use in animal diets, plant extracts and different phytochemicals are of potential interest due to their antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, if nutritional ecology’ strategy is not sufficient to reduce the wastewater pollution of heavy metals from livestock production, the development of efficient methods such as multidisciplinary phytoremediation approach is required. First, the preliminary aim was to overview of the role and the main challenges related to the content of essential heavy metals in animal feed and to evaluate the concentration of heavy metals from feed and faeces in animal rearing systems in northern Italy. Based on an overview, the main second aim was to develop a plant-based integrated approach to reduce the input and output of both Zn and Cu as well as the use of antibiotic compounds in pig production. Hence, in order to reduce input, the first aim was to test several natural plant-based phytochemicals compounds (tannins and leonardite) in vivo and to test of the anti-inflammatory effects of peppermint oil and spearmint oil with porcine alveolar macrophages in vitro. The last aim was to assess the ability of two aquatic species, Typha latifolia and Thelypteris palustris to control the Zn and Cu output from contaminated livestock wastewaters as a cost-efficient phytoremediation strategy. The in vivo data revealed that natural plant extracts (leonarditre and tannins) improved animal health. High doses of tannins (1.25%) supplementation showed slight reduction of diet digestibility and protein utilization, however this did not influence on feed intake and growth performance of animals. The inclusion of 0.25% leonardite improved the zootechnical performance, serum lipid profile and gut epithelium integrity, indicating a good general health status. In vitro study results showed that both mint oils significantly reduced TNF-α secretion from macrophages. To conclude, leonardite supports an improved stress response in weaned piglets, high dose of tannins did not impair growth performance and both peppermint and spearmint oils had anti-inflammatory activities in vitro. Moreover, results obtained from the phytormediation trial showed that Typha latifolia and Thelypteris palustris can accumulate and translocate Zn and Cu from contaminated wastewater. Thus, phytoremediation was effective to counteract the output of zinc and copper, and possibly other heavy metals from the livestock industry. Hence, an integrated nutritional ecology strategy and phytoremediation approach, in accordance with the modern principles of agroecology is needed to reduce the antibiotics use and heavy metals pollution in food-producing animals. Moreover, plant-based strategy guarantees the improvement of the health status of human and animal and leads to increase of the sustainability in animal rearing systems.
7

Rodrigues, Rinaldo. "Viabilidade econômica de um sistema de produção pecuária de bovinos sob alta lotação: uso na pesquisa e na pecuária comercial." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10135/tde-11012012-152158/.

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Um estudo de viabilidade foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de verificar a economicidade de um sistema de produção de ciclo completo de pecuária de bovinos de corte, sob alta lotação. O sistema foi inicialmente concebido para a utilização em pesquisas na Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo, sendo que esta dissertação buscou avaliar a viabilidade econômica de tal sistema quando aplicado à pecuária comercial. Para tanto foram utilizados dez cenários, nove dos quais definidos a partir da variação de preços dos produtos vendidos, utilização de capital próprio e recursos de financiamento rural via programa do Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES). O décimo cenário utilizado foi definido a partir de um nível pré-determinado de preço dos produtos vendidos e utilização de capital próprio, decorrente de arrendamento de área liberada a partir da intensificação do sistema de produção. O método de análise econômica utilizado foi o de Fluxo de Caixa e as técnicas aplicadas foram: Payback Simples, Payback Descontado, Valor Presente Líquido (VPL) e Taxa Interna de Retorno (TIR). O sistema mostrou-se economicamente viável estritamente para os cenários que consideraram o nível máximo de projeção de preços da arroba da carne e para o cenário que considerou o arrendamento de área liberada a partir da intensificação do sistema de produção. A utilização de financiamento via Programa de Crédito Rural do BNDES proporcionou melhora expressiva nos valores monetários e índices utilizados na análise.
A study was carried out to verify the economic viability of a life-cycle production system of beef cattle under high stocking. This system was initially designed for use in research at the school of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Universidade São Paulo, but this dissertation tried to evaluate the economic viability of this system when applied to commercial livestock. Therefore, ten scenarios were studied. Nine of them were determined by the variation of prices of products, use of own capital and resources from rural finance programs from Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Ecônomico e Social (BNDES). The tenth scenario was based on a predetermined level of prices of products and use of own capital, due to leasing of the area released from the intensification of the production system. The analysis method was the Cash Flow and the applied techniques were: Simple Payback, Discounted Payback, Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The system showed to be economically viable for the scenarios that considered the maximum projection of meat prices and for the scenario that considered the leasing area related to the intensification of the production system. Funding from BNDES Rural Credit Program has provided significant improvement in the monetary values and indices used in the analysis.
8

Aboagye, Gizella <1990&gt. "Phenotypic approaches in livestock productions: New methods and technologies for sustainable systems." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/9602/1/PhD%20thesis%20final.pdf.

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The present thesis investigated the effect of transport stress on the welfare and meat quality traits of Apulo-Calabrese (a local Italian pig breed) in comparison with crossbreed [Duroc x (Landrace and Large White)] pigs. For this purpose, all the animals were blood sampled five days before transport and at exsanguination for the analysis of blood stress parameters. Apulo-Calabrese pigs were slaughtered at 135 kg live weight while crossbreed pigs were slaughtered at 155 kg live weight. Meat quality traits such as pH, color, drip loss, cooking loss, Warner–Bratzler shear force, and intramuscular fat (IMF) were assessed on the longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle. In addition, water status was assessed from LT samples using transverse relaxation time (T2) weighted signals registered by Time Domain Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (TD-NMR), and fatty acid composition was determined by Folch method. Data were analyzed using mixed models and principal component analysis. The results are presented in three manuscripts: In chapter 1, the effect of short distance transport on the behavioral occurrences, blood parameters, and meat quality traits was investigated. Apulo-Calabrese pigs showed the highest value of exsanguination lactate when compared with crossbreed pigs which indicates a more intense physiological response. Significantly higher a* and lower L* coordinates were found in the samples of Apulo-Calabrese which showed meat with a deeper red color than crossbreeds. In chapter 2, results from the TD-NMR showed a higher percentage of extra-myofibrillar water in the samples of Apulo-Calabrese which was in agreement with the higher values of cooking loss found in this breed. In chapter 3. Except for heptadecenoic acid, there were no great differences in the longissimus thoracis muscle fatty acid profile between the two genetic types. The thesis provided insight on the effects of transport stress on the well-being being and meat quality traits of Apulo-Calabrese pig.
9

FATICA, Antonella. "Studies on sustainable feedstuffs in livestock productions of inner areas in Centre-South Italy." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi del Molise, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11695/107503.

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Nell’ambito del Dottorato di Ricerca in Tecnologie e Biotecnologie Agrarie, attraverso un approccio multidisciplinare, il lavoro di ricerca condotto ha avuto come principale obiettivo quello enfatizzare il ruolo della nutrizione animale in zone particolarmente vocate all’attività agricola e all’allevamento, come quelle del Centro-Sud Italia. In tale contesto è apparso fondamentale analizzare il contributo che l’alimentazione animale è in grado di fornire al settore delle produzioni animali anche in termini di sostenibilità, al fine di limitare i fenomeni di degrado delle risorse naturali, valorizzando così le produzioni non solo dal punto di vista quali-quantitativo ma anche in funzione del possibile impatto ambientale, rendendo cioè eco-compatibile l’intero settore agrario ed alimentare in aree considerate fragili e minacciate da abbandono. Il lavoro di tesi condotto si suddivide in cinque sezioni. Nel primo Capitolo, data l’importanza del pascolo quale fonte alimentare, e quale strumento per la tutela della diversità animale e vegetale, nonché fonte di servizi ecosistemici, grazie ad un’approfondita ricerca bibliografica e a successivi rilievi in campo, sono state studiate le principali caratteristiche e l’evoluzione, nel corso di un trentennio, di due delle principali aree pascolive della regione Molise. I siti di indagine, entrambi situati nella provincia di Isernia, hanno interessato i comuni di Frosolone che, insieme alla pratica della transumanza, è stato riconosciuto nel 2019 dall’UNESCO come parte del Patrimonio Culturale Immateriale dell’Umanità, e di Montenero Val Cocchiara riconosciuto dalla Rete Natura 2000 come Sito di Interesse Comunitario. Nel secondo Capitolo sono state approfondite le potenzialità della coltivazione in territori vocati di un’innovativa varietà di tabacco, Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Solaris, brevettata a livello internazionale per la produzione di biocarburante. Partendo dal punto di vista della bioeconomia circolare sono state investigate le principali caratteristiche della biomassa ottenuta dalla cv. Solaris, e la sua conseguente destinazione d’uso quale foraggio innovativo per l’alimentazione animale o fonte di biometano. L’introduzione dei co-prodotti della cv. Solaris nella dieta degli animali di interesse zootecnico è stata ulteriormente approfondita nelle successive sezioni della tesi. Nello specifico, nel Capitolo 3 uno studio preliminare ha permesso di testare la conservabilità della biomassa di cv. Solaris tramite l’insilamento. Quindi, è stato studiato l’effetto dell’introduzione di tale prodotto innovativo nell’alimentazione di manze in accrescimento sui principali parametri di crescita e dello stato di salute e di benessere degli animali nel breve periodo e nel follow-up. Successivamente, nel Capitolo 4, un secondo co-prodotto della cv. Solaris, ovvero il panello ottenuto dalla spremitura a freddo dei semi di tabacco, è stato incluso nella dieta di agnelli in accrescimento come parziale sostituto della farina di estrazione di soia, al fine di verificarne gli effetti sulle performance produttive degli animali. Infine, nell’ultimo Capitolo, si è testata l’introduzione del pisello proteico nella dieta di polli da carne, in sostituzione del seme integrale di soia. Oltre alla valutazione delle performance produttive degli animali, le due diete selezionate sono state confrontate anche dal punto di vista economico e ambientale, al fine di proporre un compromesso tra le migliori strategie di gestione dell’allevamento e di protezione dell’ambiente. Concludendo, con il presente lavoro, si è evidenziato come un approccio sinergico e multidisciplinare sia necessario ai fini della realizzazione di pratiche di allevamento sostenibili che tutelino il benessere degli animali, l’ambiente, e dell’imprenditoria agricola.
The thesis work carried out within the Doctoral Course in Agricultural Technology and Biotechnology aimed to emphasize, by the means of a multidisciplinary approach, the role of animal nutrition in a geographical area particularly suited to agriculture and livestock productions such as Centre-South Italy. In inner hilly and mountainous areas, frequently characterized by phenomena of fragility, land degradation and abandonment, it seems essential to analyse the contribution that animal nutrition is able to provide in terms of sustainability of animal production, in order to identify the best strategies to limit the depletion of natural resources, and to enhance the production both from qualitative and quantitative point of view. The thesis work has been developed in five sections. Firstly, the main characteristics and the evolution over a period of thirty years of two pasture areas of the Molise region have been studied, thanks to both literature review and field trials. Pasture is indeed not only an important feed source but also it is involved in the protection of biodiversity as well as it provides ecosystem services. The investigated sites, both in Isernia province, are located in the municipalities of Frosolone, whose transhumance roads have been recognized in 2019 by UNESCO as Intangible Cultural Heritage, and in the Montenero Val Cocchiara municipality, awarded by Natura 2000 Network as a Site of Community Interest. In the second Chapter, the cultivation in suitable territories of an innovative variety of tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Solaris, internationally patented to produce biofuel has been investigated. Starting from the point of view of circular bioeconomy, the main characteristics of the biomass obtained from the cv. Solaris and its consequent use as innovative forage for animal feed or source of biomethane has been examined. Furthermore, the introduction of Solaris co-products in livestock diet was investigated. Specifically, in Chapter 3, a preliminary study allowed to test the storage attitude of biomass of cv. Solaris through ensiling practice. Then, the effects of the dietary introduction of this innovative forage have been tested on the main parameters of growth and health and welfare status of dairy heifers also monitored in their follow-up. Subsequently, in Chapter 4, a second co-product of cv. Solaris, i.e., seed cake obtained from the cold pressing of tobacco seeds, was included in the diet of growing lambs as a partial substitute of soybean meal, in order to evaluate its effects on the productive performance of the animals. Finally, in the last Chapter the introduction of pea bean in the diet of broilers was tested as an alternative to soybean. Besides evaluating the productive performances of two different genotypes of animals, the two selected diets were also compared from an economic and environmental point of view by the means of the interactive Global Livestock Environmental Assessment Model (GLEAM-i by FAO), to define the trade-off between the best management strategies of breeding and the environment protection. Accordingly, it seems essential that a synergic and multidisciplinary approach is needed in order to achieve more sustainable livestock farming practices ensuring animal welfare and productions, environment protection, and modern livestock enterprise.
10

Lecoeur, Alexandre. "Effet combiné de la génétique et du microbiote intestinal sur les variations de la réponse vaccinale et leur impact sur le bien-être chez la poule." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASL024.

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La vaccination est l'une des stratégies les plus efficaces pour la prévention des maladies infectieuses. Cependant, la plupart des vaccins présentent une efficacité variable, sous l'effet des variations génétiques de l'hôte et probablement aussi des variations du microbiote intestinal. Étudier les effets combinés de ces deux facteurs sur la réponse vaccinale constitue une stratégie intégrée et novatrice. Ce projet a reposé sur l'étude de 4 lignées de poule pondeuses, expérimentales ou commerciales. Nous avons étudié l'impact d'une forte perturbation du microbiote intestinal (par un modèle de traitement par antibiotiques) et d'un changement de l'environnement d'élevage (avec accès à un parcours extérieur) sur la réponse vaccinale et plus généralement sur l'immunocompétence. Pour évaluer le bien-être des animaux, nous avons également mené des études comportementales. Les objectifs de cette thèse étaient : (1) d'évaluer l'impact de la génétique sur le microbiote intestinal, la réponse vaccinale, l'immunocompétence et le comportement ; (2) d'étudier l'impact d'une perturbation du microbiote sur ces paramètres ; (3) d'évaluer l'impact de l'élevage à l'extérieur sur ces paramètres. Finalement, ces travaux ont contribué à l'identification des meilleurs leviers (génétique, microbiote, environnement d'élevage) qui peuvent être combinés pour élever des animaux plus robustes, avec une meilleure santé et un bien-être optimisé
Vaccination is one of the most effective strategies for preventing infectious diseases. However, the efficacy of most vaccines is variable, due to genetic variations in the host and probably also to variations in the gut microbiota. Studying the combined effects of these two factors on vaccine response is a novel and integrated strategy. This project was based on the study of 4 lines of laying hens, including both experimental and commercial lines. We studied the impact of a strong disturbance of the intestinal microbiota (by a model of treatment with antibiotics) and of a change in the rearing environment (with access to an outdoor range) on the vaccine response and, more generally, on immunocompetence. To assess animal welfare, we also conducted behavioral studies. The aims of this thesis were: (1) to assess the impact of genetics on gut microbiota, vaccine response, immunocompetence and behavior; (2) to study the impact of microbiota disturbance on these parameters; (3) to assess the impact of outdoor rearing on these parameters. Finally, this work has contributed to the identification of the best levers (genetics, microbiota, rearing environment) that can be combined to raise more robust animals, with better health and optimized welfare

Книги з теми "Sustainable livestock production":

1

Christou, Paul. Sustainable Food Production. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013.

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2

B, Abington J., and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations., eds. Sustainable livestock production in the mountain agro-ecosystem of Nepal. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1992.

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3

Tarawali, S. A. Forage legumes for sustainable agriculture, and livestock production in subhumid West Africa. Nairobi, Kenya: International Livestock Research Institute, 1999.

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4

International Livestock Centre for Africa. Sustainable production from livestock in sub-Saharan Africa: ILCA's programme plans and funding requirements, 1989-1993. 4th ed. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: International Livestock Centre for Africa, 1988.

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5

Malawi. Ministry of Agriculture. Department of Animal Health and Livestock Development. Reducing poverty through sustainable private sector/farmer driven livestock production in Malawi: Policy document. Lilongwe: Department of Animal Health and Livestock Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of Malawi, 2005.

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6

Devendra, C. Sustainable animal production from small farm systems in South-East Asia. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1993.

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7

D'Silva, Joyce. The meat crisis: Developing more sustainable production and consumption. London: Earthscan, 2010.

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8

Ethiopian Society of Animal Production. Conference. Livestock production and the environment: Implications for sustainable livelihoods : proceedings of the 7th Annual Conference of the Ethiopian Society of Animal Production (ESAP), held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 26-27 May 1999. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: ESAP, 2000.

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9

D'Silva, Joyce. The meat crisis: Developing more sustainable production and consumption. Washington, DC: Earthscan, 2010.

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10

Workshop on Documentation, Adoption, and Impact of Livestock Technologies in India (2001 International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics). Technology options for sustainable livestock production in India: Proceedings of the Workshop on Documentation, Adoption, and Impact of Livestock Technologies in India, ICRISAT-Patancheru, India, 18-19 January 2001. New Delhi: National Centre for Agricultural Economics and Policy Research, 2002.

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Частини книг з теми "Sustainable livestock production":

1

Galli, Cesare, Andrea Perota, Giovanna Lazzari, and Franco Lucchini. "Transgenic Livestock transgenic crop livestock Technologies transgenic crop livestock technologies." In Sustainable Food Production, 1717–41. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5797-8_5.

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2

Gjerris, Mickey, Reinhard Huber, Jesper Lassen, I. Anna S. Olsson, and Peter Sandøe. "Transgenic Livestock transgenic crop livestock , Ethical Concerns transgenic crop livestock ethical concerns and Debate." In Sustainable Food Production, 1767–88. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5797-8_12.

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3

Whitelaw, C. Bruce A. "Transgenic Livestock transgenic crop livestock for Food Production transgenic crop livestock food production , Introduction." In Sustainable Food Production, 1714–16. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5797-8_926.

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4

Golovan, Serguei P., and Cecil W. Forsberg. "Transgenic Livestock transgenic crop livestock , Decreasing Environmental Impact of." In Sustainable Food Production, 1742–54. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5797-8_9.

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5

Laible, Götz. "Transgenic Livestock transgenic crop livestock , Enhanced Nutritional Quality transgenic crop livestock enhanced nutritional quality in." In Sustainable Food Production, 1755–66. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5797-8_8.

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German, Sergio D., and Keith H. S. Campbell. "Livestock Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer livestock somatic cell nuclear transfer." In Sustainable Food Production, 1067–95. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5797-8_2.

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Donadeu, F. Xavier, and Cheryl J. Ashworth. "Transgenic Technologies transgenic crop technologies and Increased Livestock Fertility increased livestock fertility." In Sustainable Food Production, 1789–98. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5797-8_7.

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8

Sharma, Bhaskar, Dixita Chettri, and Anil Kumar Verma. "Biotechnological Advancements in Livestock Production." In Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, 107–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76529-3_3.

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9

Reddy, P. Parvatha. "Integrated Crop–Livestock Farming Systems." In Sustainable Intensification of Crop Production, 357–70. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2702-4_23.

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10

Otoikhian, Cyril, Hannah Etta, Solomon Olorunleke, and Ekei Ikpeme. "Genetic Intervention in Sustainable Livestock Production." In Agricultural Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Bioresources Conservation and Utilization, 223–49. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003178880-14.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Sustainable livestock production":

1

"Crabifier: In search of sustainable solutions through traditional and modern technologies for the mangrove crab industry." In Intelligent Production of Livestock Industry and Aquaculture. Food and Fertilizer Technology Center for the Asian and Pacific Region, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56669/dpex6869.

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2

"Application of By-products from Agriculture as Feed Resources for Livestock in Taiwan." In Agricultural Waste Management for Sustainable Food Production. Food and Fertilizer Technology Center for the Asian and Pacific Region, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56669/gpqa5335.

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3

Lopes, L. S. F., K. Houlahan, L. Alcantara, G. A. Oliveira Jr., D. Tulpan, F. Miglior, F. S. Schenkel, and C. F. Baes. "45. Genetic parameters for rumination time and traits related to sustainable dairy production." In World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-940-4_45.

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4

Ring, S. C., R. D. Evans, J. McCarthy, A. Cromie, and D. P. Berry. "659. Decision support tools to support a more sustainable beef-on-dairy industry." In World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-940-4_659.

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Soleimani, T., S. Hermesch, and H. Gilbert. "35. Life cycle assessment to predict individual environmental impacts: towards selection for sustainable pig production." In World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-940-4_35.

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6

Negro, A., M. Cortellari, A. Bionda, S. Grande, A. Cesarani, A. Carta, N. Macciotta, S. Biffani, and P. Crepaldi. "81. Empowerment of the Italian small ruminant sector: new traits and tools toward a sustainable management." In World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-940-4_81.

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Chepsiror, C. K., E. D. Ilatsia, and T. O. Okeno. "42. Economic values for climate change responsive traits to develop a sustainable dairy cattle breeding goal in the tropics." In World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-940-4_42.

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"Dairy production in New Zealand." In Technology Innovations and Collaborations in Livestock Production for Sustainable Food Systems. IAARD Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/proc.intsem.lpvt-2021-p.5.

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9

"Livestock Products’ Price Behavior during Covid-19 Pandemic Era in Java, Indonesia." In Technology Innovations and Collaborations in Livestock Production for Sustainable Food Systems. IAARD Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/proc.intsem.lpvt-2021-p.32.

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"Moving into more profitable beef production systems." In Technology Innovations and Collaborations in Livestock Production for Sustainable Food Systems. IAARD Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/proc.intsem.lpvt-2021-p.6.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Sustainable livestock production":

1

Alders, Robyn. Solutions for sustainable livestock production in Asia. East Asia Forum, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59425/eabc.1694599208.

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2

Kimura, Shingo, David Sedik, and Enkh-Amgalan Ayurzana. Strengthening Cooperative Institutions to Support Sustainable Livestock Production in Mongolia. Manila, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/brf220418-2.

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3

Lynch, John, Tara Garnett, Martin Persson, Elin Röös, and Andy Reisinger. Methane and the sustainability of ruminant livestock. Food Climate Research Network, May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.56661/25320192.

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The environmental sustainability of our food production methods, and what kinds of agricultural systems might be compatible with keeping global warming below internationally agreed upon limits, are key topics for sustainable food systems research and policy. Since the food system is an important emitter of three different greenhouse gases; carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide; greater clarity as to their warming impacts and their consequent contribution to climate change is needed.
4

Pexas, Georgios, Ilias Kyriazakis, and Bob Doherty. The Future of Animal Feed. Food Standards Agency, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.gzi586.

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The feed-food competition for environmental and economic resources raises increasing concerns about the production and supply of protein for the global livestock sector. Risks to food-security and approaching deadlines for global sustainable development, means exploring the potential for alternative protein feeds is imperative. However, as the use of alternative feeds for livestock production is still at its infancy, it is critical that potential direct or indirect food safety risks are evaluated before implementation at commercial scales. This Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA) offers a lens that focuses on the potential opportunities and threats of such alternatives for the sustainability and food safety of the global livestock sector. Four potential alternative protein sources for livestock feeds are identified and evaluated through this REA: genetically modified / engineered protein crops and alternative cultivation methods cellular agriculture former foods, food waste and industry by-products and waste streams animal by-products and insects Through this analysis, a strategic policy roadmap and research agenda are synthesised to facilitate higher-level policy making, supporting local solutions for global sustainable development and a more food-secure future. The four broad directions for policy making and research the REA proposes are: decoupling protein production from fossil fuel developing sustainable economic strategies for alternative proteins at a subnational level supporting circular livestock feed solutions further enhancing the feed and food regulatory system
5

Romero Perdomo, Felipe Andrés, Jonathan Alberto Mendoza Labrador, and Germán Andrés Estrada Bonilla. Growth stimulation of perennial ryegrass by plant growth promoting bacteria under limited nutritional conditions. Corporación colombiana de investigación agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.poster.2019.10.

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Although there are many studies on plant growth promotion carried out using bacteria on various crops, there is scarce information on the effects of PGPR on the growth of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) cultivated in Colombian high tropics. Ryegrass is one of the most widely cultivated grass in Colombia, and it used as a nutritional source for livestock in intensive dual purpose, milk and meat production systems [1]. Several factors affect pasture degradation, including the following: (i) low planting density before grass initiated, (ii) forage species unsuitable for local conditions, and especially (iii) decrease in soil fertility due to inadequate use of fertilizers [2]. Therefore, the maintenance of pasture growth becomes a pivotal challenge to the sustainable management of Colombian tropical soils under livestock production.
6

Fuglie, Keith Owen, Stephen Morgan, and Jeremy Jelliffe. World agricultural production, resource use, and productivity, 1961-2020. Washington, D.C.: Economic Reserach Service,, February 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2024.8327789.ers.

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World agriculture has undergone significant transformation over the past six decades. Over this period, most regions of the world transitioned from a natural resource-dependent to a productivity-led growth path, made possible by the development and adoption of new technologies and farming practices. This USDA, Economic Research Service (ERS) report documents those changes, providing insights into shifting patterns of agricultural production and resource use world-wide. It also shows the evolution of agricultural growth over time and discusses the implications of these dynamics for sustainable use of natural resources and global food security. Over the past 60 years (1961-2020), world production of crop, livestock, and aquaculture commodities grew fourfold, from a gross value of $1.1 trillion to $4.3 trillion dollars (at constant 2015 commodity prices).--
7

Isinika, Aida, John Jeckoniah, Ntengua Mdoe, and Kizito Mwajombe. Sunflower Commercialisation in Singida Region: Pathways for Livelihood Improvement. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.026.

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Sunflower commercialisation in Singida Region, Tanzania has been successful. The successes include increased oilseed production, expanding processing capacity and declining rural poverty. Policies and efforts by development agents to promote sunflower commercialisation have increased the number of actors and service providers. Accumulation from sunflower and other enterprises, including livestock, have not only improved livelihoods, but also contributed to household economic diversity. This paper examines the interactions between activities involved in sunflower production and other livelihood strategies. For example, the paper examines local dynamics in policy and business contexts that have shaped livelihood options available and people’s choices of which option they undertake, and the corresponding outcomes, and reasons for such commercialisation trajectories. The study aims to inform local, regional, and national strategies, to pursue more inclusive and sustainable agriculture development, and widen options and pathways for men and women in Mkalama and Iramba districts of Singida Region.
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Aryal, Jeetendra P. Contribution of Agriculture to Climate Change and Low-Emission Agricultural Development in Asia and the Pacific. Asian Development Bank Institute, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56506/wdbc4659.

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The agriculture sector in the Asia and Pacific region contributes massively to climate change, as the region has the largest share of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture. The region is the largest producer of rice, a major source of methane emissions. Further, to achieve food security for the increasing population, there has been a massive increase in the use of synthetic fertilizer and energy in agricultural production in the region over the last few decades. This has led to an enormous rise in nitrous oxide (N2O) (mostly from fertilizer-N use) and carbon dioxide (mostly from energy use for irrigation) emissions from agriculture. Besides this, a substantial increase in livestock production for meat and dairy products has increased methane emissions, along with other environmental problems. In this context, we conduct a systematic review of strategies that can reduce emissions from the agriculture sector using a multidimensional approach, looking at supply-side, demand-side, and cross-cutting measures. The review found that though there is a huge potential to reduce GHG emissions from agriculture, significant challenges exist in monitoring and verification of GHG emissions from supply-side measures, shifting to sustainable consumption behavior with regard to food consumption and use, and the design and implementation of regulatory and incentive mechanisms. On the supply side, policies should focus on the upscaling of climate-smart agriculture primarily through expanding knowledge and improving input use efficiency in agriculture, while on the demand side, there is a need to launch a drive to reduce food loss and waste and also to move toward sustainable consumption. Therefore, appropriate integration of policies at multiple levels, as well as application of multiple measures simultaneously, can increase mitigation potential as desired by the Paris Agreement and also help to achieve several of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals.
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Aryal, Jeetendra Prakash. Contribution of Agriculture to Climate Change and Low-Emission Agricultural Development in Asia and the Pacific. Asian Development Bank Institute, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56506/vaoy9373.

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Анотація:
The agriculture sector in Asia and the Pacific region contributes massively to climate change, as the region has the largest share of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture. The region is the largest producer of rice, a major source of methane emissions. Further, to achieve food security for the increasing population, there has been a massive increase in the use of synthetic fertilizer and energy in agricultural production in the region over the last few decades. This has led to an enormous rise in nitrous oxide (N2O; mostly from fertilizer-N use) and carbon dioxide (mostly from energy use for irrigation) emissions from agriculture. Besides this, a substantial increase in livestock production for meat and dairy products has increased methane emissions, along with other environmental problems. In this context, this study conducts a systematic review of strategies that can reduce emissions from the agriculture sector using a multidimensional approach, looking at supply-side, demand-side, and cross-cutting measures. The review found that though there are huge potentials to reduce GHG emissions from agriculture, significant challenges exist in monitoring and verification of GHG emissions from supply-side measures, shifting to sustainable consumption behavior with regard to food consumption and use, and the design and implementation of regulatory and incentive mechanisms. On the supply side, policies should focus on the upscaling of climate-smart agriculture primarily through expanding knowledge and improving input use efficiency in agriculture, while on the demand side, there is a need to launch a drive to reduce food loss and waste and also to move towards sustainable consumption. Therefore, appropriate integration of policies at multiple levels, as well as application of multiple measures simultaneously, can increase mitigation potential as desired by the Paris Agreement and also help to achieve several of the United Nations’ SDGs.
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Einarsson, Rasmus. Nitrogen in the food system. TABLE, February 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56661/2fa45626.

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Nitrogen (N) plays a dual role in the agri-food system: it is an essential nutrient for all life forms, yet also an environmental pollutant causing a range of environmental and human health impacts. As the plant nutrient needed in greatest quantities, and as a building block of proteins and other biomolecules, N is a necessary part of all life. In the last century, an enormous increase of N turnover in the agri-food system has enabled increasing per-capita food supply for a growing world population, but as an unintended side effect, N pollution has increased to levels widely agreed in science and policy to be far beyond sustainable limits. There is no such thing as perfectly circular N supply. Losses of N to the environment inevitably arise as N is transformed and used in the food system, for example in soil processes, in manure storage, and in fertilizer application. This lost N must be replaced by ‘new’ N, which is N converted to bioavailable forms from the vast atmospheric pool of unreactive dinitrogen (N2). New N comes mainly as synthetic N fertilizer and through a process known as biological N fixation (BNF). In addition, there is a large internal flow of recycled N in the food system, mainly in the form of livestock excreta. This recirculated N, however, is internal to the food system and cannot make up for the inevitable losses of N. The introduction of synthetic N fertilizer during the 20th century revolutionized the entire food system. The industrial production of synthetic N fertilizer was a revolution for agricultural systems because it removed the natural constraint of N scarcity. Given sufficient energy, synthetic N fertilizer can be produced in limitless quantities from atmospheric dinitrogen (N2). This has far-reaching consequences for the whole agri-food system. The annual input of synthetic N fertilizer today is more than twice the annual input of new N in pre-industrial agriculture. Since 1961, increased N input has enabled global output of both crop and livestock products to roughly triple. During the same time period, total food-system N emissions to the environment have also more than tripled. Livestock production is responsible for a large majority of agricultural N emissions. Livestock consume about three-quarters of global cropland N output and are thereby responsible for a similar share of cropland N emissions to air and water. In addition, N emissions from livestock housing and manure management systems contribute a substantial share of global N emissions to air. There is broad political agreement that global N emissions from agriculture should be reduced by about 50%. High-level policy targets of the EU and of the UN Convention on Biological Diversity are for a 50% reduction in N emissions. These targets are in line with a large body of research assessing what would be needed to stay within acceptable limits as regards ecosystem change and human health impacts. In the absence of dietary change towards less N-intensive diets, N emissions from food systems could be reduced by about 30%, compared to business-as-usual scenarios. This could be achieved by implementing a combination of technical measures, improved management practices, improved recycling of wasted N (including N from human excreta), and spatial optimization of agriculture. Human dietary change, especially in the most affluent countries, offers a huge potential for reducing N emissions from food systems. While many of the world’s poor would benefit nutritionally from increasing their consumption of nutrient-rich animal-source foods, many other people consume far more nutrients than is necessary and could reduce consumption of animal-source food by half without any nutritional issues. Research shows that global adoption of healthy but less N-polluting diets might plausibly cut future food-system N losses by 10–40% compared to business-as-usual scenarios. There is no single solution for solving the N challenge. Research shows that efficiency improvements and food waste reductions will almost certainly be insufficient to reach agreed environmental targets. To reach agreed targets, it seems necessary to also shift global average food consumption onto a trajectory with less animal-source food.

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