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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Sulfide"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021
Оновлено: 25 травня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Sulfide"

1

Dalhem, Krister, Stefan Mattbäck, Anton Boman, and Peter Österholm. "A simplified distillation-based sulfur speciation method for sulfidic soil materials." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Finland 93, no. 1 (June 13, 2021): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17741/bgsf/93.1.002.

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Speciation of inorganic sulfur species, mainly pyrite and metastable iron sulfides by operationally defined methods, is widely used for risk assessment of acid sulfate soils by quantifying the acidity producing elements, as well as for general characterisation of marine sediments and subaqueous soils. “Traditional” sulfur speciation methods commonly use highly specialised glassware which can be cumbersome for the operator, or, require long reaction times which limit the usability of the method. We present a simplified method which has a sufficiently low limit of detection (0.002%) and quantitation (0.006%) required for the analysis of sulfidic sulfur in acid sulfate soil materials. Commercially available sulfide reagents were used for determining reproducibility and the method was assessed on natural sulfidic soil materials, including fine to coarse grained soil materials as well as sulfide bearing peat, with a large variation of metastable sulfide and pyrite content.
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2

Halkjær Nielsen, Per. "Sulfur Sources for Hydrogen Sulfide Production in Biofilms from Sewer Systems." Water Science and Technology 23, no. 7-9 (April 1, 1991): 1265–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0578.

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The relative significance of different inorganic and organic sulfur compounds on the sulfide production in anaerobic biofilms grown on domestic wastewater was investigated. The objective was to improve the understanding of microbial processes in dynamic systems and to evaluate the equations used to predict sulfide formation in pressure mains. Biofilms originally grown on domestic wastewater with sulfate as the only electron acceptor were also able to reduce sulfite and thiosulfate. The bacteria preferred thiosulfate to sulfate if both were present and the sulfide production rates increased with a factor of 1.5. Disproportionation of thiosulfate to equal amounts of sulfide and sulfate was demonstrated to take place in the biofilms but only at low concentrations of organic substrates. Some sulfide production from the organic sulfur compounds cysteine and methionine was observed. The rates were, however, insignificant compared to sulfide production from sulfate reduction in wastewater. Biofilm activity measured as the zero order volume constant (kof) was around 0.18 mg SO4-S cm−3 h−1 at 20 °C. If the biofilms were grown on domestic wastewater enriched with sulfite or thiosulfate, kof increased around two times. The sulfide production rate from both sulfite and thiosulfate was found to be considerably higher than the rate from sulfate in these biofilms. The results were modeled using biofilm kinetics which showed that the presence of sulfite or thiosulfate in the wastewater strongly affected the potential sulfide production and could in some cases be a limiting compound besides organic matter. Knowledge about the presence of sulfur compounds other than sulfate in wastewater, e.g. from industrial sources, may therefore be very important to forecast sulfide buildup in sewer systems.
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3

Ma, Hong He, Shu Zhong Wang, and Lu Zhou. "Sulfur Transformations during Supercritical Water Oxidation of Methanthiol and Thiirane." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 1377–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.1377.

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The oxidation of methanthiol and thiirane in supercritical water was explored by using a tubular-flow reactor system using oxygen as oxidant. No sulfur containing species existed in the gaseous effluent. Sulfide, sulfite and sulfate were detected as the sulfur containing species in the liquid effluent for supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) of methannthiol, while it was determined as thiosulfate, sulfite and sulfate for SCWO of thiirane. When reaction temperature exceeded 873K, the sulfur contained in the methanthiol or thiirane all transformed into the liquid products. Oxidant stoichiometric ratio had little effect on the conversion rate of sulfur but could promoted sulfite converted into sulfate. Sulfide and thiosulfate were determined as the exclusive sulfur containing product arising directly from methanthiol and thiirane, respectively. The transformation pathways of sulfur contained in the methanthiol and thiirane were proposed as methanthiol-sulfide-sulfite-sulfate and thiirane-thiosulfate-sulfite-sulfate, respectively.
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4

Ma, Hong He, Shu Zhong Wang, and Lu Zhou. "Kinetics Behavior and Sulfur Transformations of Iron Sulfide during Supercritical Water Oxiation." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 1939–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.1939.

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Oxidation of iron sulfide in supercritical water was investigated in the batch reactor. Iron sulfide was converted in two parallel processes: gasification by water and oxidation by oxygen. Assuming that the reaction order of H2O was 0, the activation energy and pre-exponential factor of the gasification process were determined to be 43kJ mol-1 and 22.4 min-1, correspondingly. It is found that above 773K the oxidation process was limited by the mass transfer of O2 to particles surface. Below 773K, with an assumption of zero order in H2O concentration and first-order reaction in oxygen concentration, the activation energy and pre-exponential factor for the rate of oxidation were estimated as154kJ mol-1 and 1.7×106m3 mol-1 min-1, respectively. With supercritical water oxidation under the experimental conditions, the sulfur-containing components in the product were sulfide, sulfite and sulfate, in which sulfide and sulfate were predominant. It is likely to completely convert the sulfur to the sulfate by supercritical water oxidation using high temperature and long reaction time. The reaction pathway of iron sulfide could be expressed as: iron sulfide → sulfide → sulfite → sulfate.
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5

Lestari, Eni, Dedy Darnaedi, and Safendrri Komara Ragamustari. "ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI PENGURAI SULFIDA DARI LUMPUR MANGROVE HUTAN LINDUNG ANGKE KAPUK." Borneo Journal of Biology Education (BJBE) 4, no. 1 (April 14, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.35334/bjbe.v4i1.2533.

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AbstrakMangrove memiliki mikroorganisme salah satunya bakteri. Lumpur mangrove memiliki kandungan hidrogen sulfida. Bakteri aerobik memetabolisme hidrogen sulfida ini menjadi senyawa sulfat. Isolasi menggunakan medium Thiosulfat Mineral Medium. Isolat yang diamati secara makroskopis. Isolat dipilih dari hasil pengamatan mikroskopik, uji katalase dan uji motilitas. Isolat diuji juga kinerja penurunan sulfida. Isolat dengan kinerja penurunan sulfida terbaik dilanjutkan untuk uji sekuensing 16S rRNA. Hasil sekuensing menunjukkan isolat dari lumpur mangrove yang memiliki kinerja penurunan sulfida terbaik dengan nilai 30,58% adalah bakteri spesies Bacillus aryabhattaiKata kunci : mangrove, sulfida,bakteri, aerobik, BacillusAbstractMangroves have a diversity of microorganisms, one of which is bacteria. Mangrove mud contains hydrogen sulfide. Aerobic bacteria metabolize this hydrogen sulfide to sulfate compounds. Isolation used thiosulfate mineral medium. The growing isolates observed macroscopically. Selected isolates from microscopic observation, catalase test and motility test. The isolates also tested for their sulfide reduction performance. The isolates with the best sulfide reduction performance continued for 16S rRNA sequencing assay. The best sulfide reduction performance is 30,58% and the bacteria species based result sequencing is Bacillus aryabhattai Keywords: mangrove, sulfide, bacteria, aerobic, Bacillus
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6

Wang, Clifford L., Priya D. Maratukulam, Amy M. Lum, Douglas S. Clark, and J. D. Keasling. "Metabolic Engineering of an Aerobic Sulfate Reduction Pathway and Its Application to Precipitation of Cadmium on the Cell Surface." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 10 (October 1, 2000): 4497–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.10.4497-4502.2000.

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ABSTRACT The conversion of sulfate to an excess of free sulfide requires stringent reductive conditions. Dissimilatory sulfate reduction is used in nature by sulfate-reducing bacteria for respiration and results in the conversion of sulfate to sulfide. However, this dissimilatory sulfate reduction pathway is inhibited by oxygen and is thus limited to anaerobic environments. As an alternative, we have metabolically engineered a novel aerobic sulfate reduction pathway for the secretion of sulfides. The assimilatory sulfate reduction pathway was redirected to overproduce cysteine, and excess cysteine was converted to sulfide by cysteine desulfhydrase. As a potential application for this pathway, a bacterium was engineered with this pathway and was used to aerobically precipitate cadmium as cadmium sulfide, which was deposited on the cell surface. To maximize sulfide production and cadmium precipitation, the production of cysteine desulfhydrase was modulated to achieve an optimal balance between the production and degradation of cysteine.
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7

Pellerin, André, Gilad Antler, Simon Agner Holm, Alyssa J. Findlay, Peter W. Crockford, Alexandra V. Turchyn, Bo Barker Jørgensen, and Kai Finster. "Large sulfur isotope fractionation by bacterial sulfide oxidation." Science Advances 5, no. 7 (July 2019): eaaw1480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw1480.

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A sulfide-oxidizing microorganism, Desulfurivibrio alkaliphilus (DA), generates a consistent enrichment of sulfur-34 (34S) in the produced sulfate of +12.5 per mil or greater. This observation challenges the general consensus that the microbial oxidation of sulfide does not result in large 34S enrichments and suggests that sedimentary sulfides and sulfates may be influenced by metabolic activity associated with sulfide oxidation. Since the DA-type sulfide oxidation pathway is ubiquitous in sediments, in the modern environment, and throughout Earth history, the enrichments and depletions in 34S in sediments may be the combined result of three microbial metabolisms: microbial sulfate reduction, the disproportionation of external sulfur intermediates, and microbial sulfide oxidation.
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8

Jayaranjan, Madawala Liyanage Duminda, and Ajit P. Annachhatre. "Precipitation of heavy metals from coal ash leachate using biogenic hydrogen sulfide generated from FGD gypsum." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 2 (January 1, 2013): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.546.

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Investigations were undertaken to utilize flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum for the treatment of leachate from the coal ash (CA) dump sites. Bench-scale investigations consisted of three main steps namely hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production by sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) using sulfate from solubilized FGD gypsum as the electron acceptor, followed by leaching of heavy metals (HMs) from coal bottom ash (CBA) and subsequent precipitation of HMs using biologically produced sulfide. Leaching tests of CBA carried out at acidic pH revealed the existence of several HMs such as Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Mn, Cu, Ni and Zn. Molasses was used as the electron donor for the biological sulfate reduction (BSR) process which produced sulfide rich effluent with concentration up to 150 mg/L. Sulfide rich effluent from the sulfate reduction process was used to precipitate HMs as metal sulfides from CBA leachate. HM removal in the range from 40 to 100% was obtained through sulfide precipitation.
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9

Borzenko, Svetlana. "Geochemical transformations of sulfur in salt lakes (Transbaikalia)." E3S Web of Conferences 411 (2023): 02009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202341102009.

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The water column in brackish and saline lakes hosts various forms of sulfur including sulfide (hydrosulfide), elemental, thiosulfate, and sulfate sulfur. The unequal distribution of these reduced sulfur species indicates the presence of two opposing processes - sulfate reduction and oxidation of newly formed hydrogen sulfide. The scale of these processes varies among lakes, resulting in differing proportions of reduced sulfur forms. The bacterial reduction of sulfate ions is confirmed by a significant separation of sulfur isotopes into sulfide and sulfate ions, with the lighter isotope accumulating in the former and heavier isotope in the latter. In most soda, chloride, brackish, and salt lakes, sulfate reduction is the principal process responsible for relatively low sulfate ion content. Additionally, the presence of an oxidizing environment and sulfides in host rocks provide additional sources for sulfates, leading to the formation of sulfate-type lakes. The formation of specific types and subtypes of brackish and salt lakes is determined by processes such as water evaporation, dissolution of aluminosilicates, sulfate reduction, and oxidation of sulfides. The dominance of these processes contributes to the geochemical diversity of lakes.
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Lamontagne, S., W. S. Hicks, R. W. Fitzpatrick, and S. Rogers. "Sulfidic materials in dryland river wetlands." Marine and Freshwater Research 57, no. 8 (2006): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf06057.

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Due to a combination of river regulation, dryland salinity and irrigation return, lower River Murray floodplains (Australia) and associated wetlands are undergoing salinisation. It was hypothesised that salinisation would provide suitable conditions for the accumulation of sulfidic materials (soils and sediments enriched in sulfides, such as pyrite) in these wetlands. A survey of nine floodplain wetlands representing a salinity gradient from fresh to hypersaline determined that surface sediment sulfide concentrations varied from <0.05% to ~1%. Saline and permanently flooded wetlands tended to have greater sulfide concentrations than freshwater ones or those with more regular wetting–drying regimes. The acidification risk associated with the sulfidic materials was evaluated using field peroxide oxidations tests and laboratory measurements of net acid generation potential. Although sulfide concentration was elevated in many wetlands, the acidification risk was low because of elevated carbonate concentration (up to 30% as CaCO3) in the sediments. One exception was Bottle Bend Lagoon (New South Wales), which had acidified during a draw-down event in 2002 and was found to have both actual and potential acid sulfate soils at the time of the survey (2003). Potential acid sulfate soils also occurred locally in the hypersaline Loveday Disposal Basin. The other environmental risks associated with sulfidic materials could not be reliably evaluated because no guideline exists to assess them. These include the deoxygenation risk following sediment resuspension and the generation of foul odours during drying events. The remediation of wetland salinity in the Murray–Darling Basin will require that the risks associated with disturbing sulfidic materials during management actions be evaluated.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Sulfide"

1

Huang, Zhen. "Synthesis of sulfide and sulfone 2'-deoxyribonucleotide analogues /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1993. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=10429.

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2

Siu, Tung. "Kinetic and mechanistic study of aqueous sulfide-sulfite-thiosulfate system." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0007/MQ45585.pdf.

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3

Li, Wen. "Synthesis and solubility of arsenic tri-sulfide and sodium arsenic oxy-sulfide complexes in alkaline sulfide solutions." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44546.

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Alkaline sulfide leaching (ASL) at approximately 100 ºC has been used to selectively extract arsenic and antimony from enargite and tetrahedrite concentrates. Sodium thio-arsenate has been postulated to crystallize from alkaline sulfide leaching solutions upon cooling. However, literature data on the solubility of sodium thio-arsenate as well as proof of its crystallization from ASL solutions is scant. In this thesis, the solubility of leach-produced and synthetic sodium thio-arsenate is studied. To determine arsenic solubility in ASL solutions, sodium thio-arsenate and sodium arsenic oxide sulfide complexes are synthesized by various means and characterized by EDX, QXRD, and ICP. The synthesis of amorphous As₂S₃, sodium arsenic oxy-sulfide complexes, and sodium thio-arsenate is first presented. For amorphous As₂S₃ synthesis, the effect of concentration of sodium sulfide (0.1 M) and hydrochloric acid (1 M), temperature (40 ~ 60 ºC), and aging time (48 hours) was optimized. The solubility of synthetic sodium arsenic oxy-sulfide complexes and sodium thio-arsenate in ASL solutions increases significantly as temperature is increased to 95 ºC. More importantly, the solubility of sodium thio-arsenate at certain temperatures is significantly affected by the concentration of sodium hydroxide and sulfide in solution. Due to the common ion effect, if NaOH and HS- concentrations are very high, the solubility of sodium thio-arsenate decreases. Enargite leaching tests were done to characterize the precipitate that occurred upon cooling and to verify the arsenic saturation point, which should be between 38.5 ~ 58 g/L (0.51 M ~ 0.78 M) As depending on the NaOH and HS- concentration. Comparison with solubility experiments of pure sodium thio-arsenate shows that arsenic solubility in ASL solutions is supersaturated. However, direct comparison of saturation in ASL solutions and the solubility as obtained by the synthetic solutions/crystallites prepared here is not possible given the complex nature of the ASL crystallites that appear not to contain the often discussed “sodium thio-arsenate”.
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4

Babcock, Kevin Brian. "Alkali carbonate-sulfide electrolytes for medium temperature hydrogen sulfide removal." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/12959.

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5

Huang, Shanshan. "Nanoparticulate nickel sulfide." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2008. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54754/.

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Nickel sulfide possesses a variety of typical structures and stoichiometries that distinguish itself from iron sulfide and exhibits unique roles in the prebiotic reactions which are proposed to be involved in the origin of life. Nickel sulfide precipitate is hydrated and nanocrystalline, modelled as a 4 nm sphere with a 1 nm crystalline and anhydrous NiS (millerite) core, surrounded by a hydrated and defective mantle phase. It is a metastable but fairly robust structural configuration. It may be formulated as NiSxFbOx approximates to 1.5 and decreases on heating. The fresh nanoparticulate nickel sulfide precipitates undergo structural transformation from the initial millerite-like NiS to the more crystalline polydymite-like Ni3S4. This reaction is accompanied by the formation of a less crystalline Ni3S2 (heazlewoodite) phase. The reaction, happening in ambient conditions, occurs more readily for the solids precipitated from acidic environments (i.e., pH 3) and may be facilitated by the hydrogen and water bonding contained in this material. The performance of nickel sulfide and iron sulfide precipitates is investigated in the formaldehyde world under ambient and sulfidic environments which mimic the ambient ancient Earth environments to some extent. The catalytic capacity of the metal sulfides is not obvious in these experiments. An interesting finding is that, trithiane, the cyclic (SCH2)3, also suppresses the pyrite formation and thus promotes the greigite formation in the reaction between FeS and H2S. This provides another cause for the greigite formation in the Earth sedimentary systems and adds information to the origin-of-life theory in the iron sulfur world. Voltammetry experiments reveal that the nickel-cysteine complex lowers the overpotential for molecular H2 evolution in sea water to -1.53 V under ambient conditions. This catalytic property of the abiotic nickel-cysteine complex apparently mimics the Ni-S core in some hydrogenase enzymes functioning in physiological conditions. This bridges the abiotic and biotic worlds and supports the idea that life originated in the prebiotic ancient ocean.
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6

Rijal, Upendra. "Suppressed Carrier Scattering in Cadmium Sulfide-Encapsulated Lead Sulfide Nanocrystal Films." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1402409476.

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7

Rajan, C. R. "Studies on polyphenylene sulfide." Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 1986. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/3262.

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8

Park, Yeseul. "Metal sulfide biomineralization by magnetotactic bacteria." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0262.

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La biominéralisation de sulfures métalliques est observée tant dans des cultures microbiennes que dans la nature. Cependant, seulement quelques cas ont été définis comme étant des processus biologiquement contrôlés comme cela est le cas pour la greigite produite par les bactéries magnétotactiques. Pendant ma thèse, j'ai découvert un nouveau type de biominéralisation intracellulaire de sulfure métallique en étudiant l'impact du cuivre sur la biominéralisation de la greigite par la bactérie Desulfamplus magnetovallimortis BW-1.Le biominéral que j'ai identifié a une structure et une organisation cristalline originales. Les particules sont de morphologie sphérique ou ellipsoïdale et composées de sous-grains de 1 à 2 nm de sulfure de cuivre hexagonal qui reste dans un état métastable. Les particules sont situées dans le périplasme, et sont entourées d'une substance organique. Sur la base de ces observations, j'ai conclu que le biominéral est produit et conservé grâce à un contrôle biologique. En conséquence, j'ai mené des études de protéomique pour trouver des protéines associées au processus qui ont mis à jour deux protéines périplasmiques, une protéine résistante aux métaux lourds et une protéase de type DegP, qui fonctionnent probablement ensemble pour réagir au stress causé par le cuivre.Une telle biominéralisation intracellulaire est spécifique à BW-1et n'est initiée que par les ions cuivre, mais pas par d'autres ions métalliques comme le nickel, le zinc ou le cobalt. Mes recherches de doctorat révèlent donc des caractéristiques inconnues de la biominéralisation des sulfures métalliques, en particulier au sein des bactéries magnétotactiques
Biomineralization of metal sulfides has been broadly observed in microbial cultures and in nature. However, only a few cases have been reported as biologically-controlled processes, such as greigite produced by magnetotactic bacteria. I discovered a new type of intracellular metal sulfide biomineralization, while studying the impact of copper on greigite biomineralization by the magnetotactic bacterium Desulfamplus magnetovallimortis strain BW-1.The newly discovered metal sulfide biominerals are nanoscopic particles and have an interesting crystal structure and organization. These spherical or ellipsoidal particles are composed of 1-2 nm-sized sub-grains of hexagonal copper sulfide that remains in a metastable state. The particles are located in the periplasmic space, surrounded by an organic substance. Based on these observations, it was concluded that the biomineral produced and conserved is a result of biological control. Proteomics studies with cellular and particulate samples identified several proteins associated with the process. The initial result showed that two periplasmic proteins, a heavy metal resistant protein, and a DegP-like protease, are likely working together to react to the envelope stress caused by copper. Such intracellular biomineralization is organism-specific and only initiated by the increase of copper ions, but not by other metal ions like nickel, zinc, or cobalt. Overall, my work reveals unknown features of metal sulfide biomineralization, specifically within magnetotactic bacteria
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9

D'Aoust, Patrick Marcel. "Stormwater Retention Ponds: Hydrogen Sulfide Production, Water Quality and Sulfate-Reducing Bacterial Kinetics." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35562.

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Stormwater retention basins are an integral component of municipal stormwater management strategies in North America. The province of Ontario’s Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change obligates land developers to implement stormwater management in their land use and development plans to mitigate the effects of urbanization (Bradford and Gharabaghi, 2004). When stormwater retention ponds are improperly designed or maintained, these basins can fail at improving effluent water quality and may exasperate water quality issues. Intense H2S production events in stormwater infrastructure is a serious problem which is seldom encountered and documented in stormwater retention ponds. This study monitored two stormwater retention ponds situated in the Riverside South community, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada for a period of 15 consecutive months to thoroughly characterize intense hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production in a stormwater retention pond under ice covered conditions during winter operation and during periods of drought under non-ice covered conditions during the summer. Field experiments showed a strong relationship (p < 0.006, R > 0.58, n = 20+) between hypoxic conditions (dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration < 2 mg/L) and the intense production of H2S gas. Ice-capping of the stormwater ponds during winter severely hindered reaeration of the pond and led to significant production of total sulfides in the Riverside South Pond #2 (RSP2), which subsequently resulted in the accumulation of total sulfides in the water column (20.7 mg/L) during winter in this pond. There was a perceived lag phase between the drop in DO and the increase in total sulfides near the surface, which was potentially indicative of slow movement of total sulfides from the benthic sediment into the water column. These high-sulfide conditions persisted in RSP2 from early January 2015 until the spring thaw, in mid-April, 2015. Riverside South Pond #1 (RSP1), the reference pond studied in this work, showed significantly less production of total sulfides across a significantly shorter period of time. Analysis of the microbial communities showed that there was little change in the dominant bacterial populations present in the benthic sediment of the pond demonstrating significant total sulfide production (RSP2) and the pond that did not demonstrate significant total sulfide production (RSP1). Additionally, it was found that locations with the most accumulated sediment had the highest propensity for the production of H2S gas. Furthermore, there was no perceivable community shift in the two ponds throughout the seasons, indicating that the sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in stormwater benthic sediment are ubiquitous, exist in an acclimatized microbial population and are robust. Study of the microbial abundances revealed that SRB represented approximately 5.01 ± 0.79 % of the microbes present in the benthic sediment of RSP2. Likewise, in the stormwater pond which did not experience intense H2S gas production, RSP1, 6.22 ± 2.11 % of microbes were of the SRB type, demonstrating that H2S gas production does not correspond to higher concentrations of SRB or the proliferation of dominant species, but rather is a symptom of increased bacterial activity due to favourable environmental conditions. In addition, this work also covers the kinetics of sediment oxygen demand (SOD), ammonification and sulfate-reduction, and attempts to understand the processes leading to H2S gas production events. In doing so, it was observed that kinetics obtained full-scale field studies were greater than in laboratory kinetic experiments. Laboratory experiments at 4°C identified total SOD, ammonification and sulfate-reduction kinetics to be 0.023 g/m2/day, 0.027 g N/m2/day and 0.004 g S/m2/day, respectively. Meanwhile, kinetics calculated from the field study of stormwater retention ponds for total SOD, ammonification and sulfate-reduction were of 0.491 g/m2/day, 0.120 g N/m2/day and 0.147 g S/m2/day, respectively. It is expected that this difference is due to the depth of active sediment influencing the total rates of production/consumption, making area-normalized daily rates of production/consumption (g/m2/day) unsuitable for the comparison of field and laboratory studies, without some scaling factor. This study also measured supplementary kinetic parameters such as the Arrhenius coefficients and the half-saturation coefficient, to add to existing knowledge of sulfate-reduction.
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Meng, Bin. "Synthesis and binding of oligonucleotides containing 2'-modified sulfide- or sulfone-linked dimers." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=28493.

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Three activated modified dimers 9, 21 and 35, which contain a dialkyl sulfide backbone, have been synthesized.
These dimers, as well as dimer A, have been incorporated into DNA strands by solid-phase techniques. The number of these dimers being incorporated varied from 1-3.$ sp*$
Thermal studies have shown that the oligomers containing modified dimers indeed bind to their complementary DNA or RNA, except for two oliglomers in which dimer 9 or 21 was incorporated three times. They only bind relatively poorly to complementary RNA, but not at all to DNA. The incorporation of 35 into DNA oligomers showed good binding to its complementary RNA, but not DNA.
All sulfide-containing oligomers have been oxidized to sulfone-containing oligomers using oxone. In thermal studies, hybrids of the sulfone-containing oligomers with their complementary DNA and RNA showed much poorer binding properties than the corresponding sulfide-containing oligomers.
The synthesis of nucleoside 28, the upper half of dimer 21, as well as an improved procedure for the preparation of 2$ sp prime$-O-methyluridine, are described. ftn$ sp*$Please refer to the dissertation for diagrams.
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Книги з теми "Sulfide"

1

T, Fogg P. G., Young Colin L, Clever H. Lawrence, Boozer Elizabeth L, and Hayduk Walter, eds. Hydrogen sulfide, deuterium sulfide and hydrogen selenide. Oxford: Pergamon., 1988.

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2

United States. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Division of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine. Hydrogen sulfide. Atlanta, Ga: Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Division of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, 2006.

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3

Naldrett, Anthony J. Magmatic Sulfide Deposits. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08444-1.

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4

Naldrett, A. J. Magmatic sulfide deposits. New York: Clarendon Press, 1989.

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5

Siu, Tung. Kinetic and mechanistic study of aqueous sulfide-sulfite-thiosulfate system. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1999.

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6

A, Rice David, ed. Recovery of sulfur from phosphogypsum: Conversion of calcium sulfide to sulfur. [Washington, D.C.]: Bureau of Mines, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, 1990.

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7

1946-, Vaughan David J., ed. Sulfide mineralogy and geochemistry. Chantilly, Va: Mineralogical Society of America, 2006.

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8

Library of Congress. Music Division. Biogenic hydrogen sulfide process. Washington, D.C: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1993.

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9

Zhu, Yi-Chun, ed. Advances in Hydrogen Sulfide Biology. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0991-6.

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10

Alpers, Charles N., and David W. Blowes, eds. Environmental Geochemistry of Sulfide Oxidation. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1994-0550.

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Частини книг з теми "Sulfide"

1

Gooch, Jan W. "Polyphenylene Sulfide Sulfone." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 569. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_9188.

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2

Patnaik, Pradyot. "Sulfide." In Handbook of Environmental Analysis, 337–42. Third edition. | Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2017.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315151946-58.

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3

Matthes, Siegfried. "Sulfide, Arsenide und komplexe Sulfide (Sulfosalze)." In Mineralogie, 31–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08768-8_3.

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4

Matthes, Siegfried. "Sulfide, Arsenide und komplexe Sulfide (Sulfosalze)." In Mineralogie, 31–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08769-5_4.

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5

Matthes, Siegfried. "Sulfide, Arsenide und komplexe Sulfide (Sulfosalze)." In Mineralogie, 27–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08771-8_4.

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6

Matthes, Siegfried. "Sulfide, Arsenide und komplexe Sulfide (Sulfosalze)." In Mineralogie, 27–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87508-3_4.

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7

Okrusch, Martin, and Siegfried Matthes. "Sulfide, Arsenide und komplexe Sulfide (Sulfosalze)." In Mineralogie, 83–97. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34660-6_5.

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8

Matthes, Siegfried. "Sulfide, Arsenide und komplexe Sulfide (Sulfosalze)." In Mineralogie, 27–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-26804-9_4.

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9

Okrusch, Martin, and Siegfried Matthes †. "Sulfide, Arsenide und komplexe Sulfide (Sulfosalze)." In Mineralogie, 61–75. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-78201-8_3.

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10

Okrusch, Martin, and Hartwig E. Frimmel. "Sulfide, Arsenide und komplexe Sulfide (Sulfosalze)." In Mineralogie, 101–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-64064-7_5.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Sulfide"

1

Simon, Adam C., Brian A. Konecke, and Adrian Fiege. "SULFIDE, SULFITE AND SULFATE IN APATITE: A NEW OXYBAROMETER." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-324046.

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2

Katsev, Sergei, Mojtaba Fakhraee, Emily Hyde, Madelyn Petersen, Cody Sheik, and Kathryn Schreiner. "Sulfide, Sulfite, and Sulfate Production from Organic Sulfur in Archean Oceans and Modern Lakes." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.1256.

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3

Au Yong, Hin Cheong, Kortney Tooker, Khanh Van Pham, Richard Arriaga, and Amir Mahmoudkhani. "Multifunctional Biosurfactants with Unusual pH Sensitive Interfacial Behavior for Remediation of Iron and Zinc Sulfide Formation Damage." In SPE International Conference on Oilfield Chemistry. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/213799-ms.

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Abstract Metal sulfide scales are found in several fields in onshore and offshore oil and gas wells around the world. Although there has been some success in the development of sulfide scale inhibitors, significantly high concentration of inhibitor is often required specially to mitigate zinc sulfide. Microbial biosurfactants have an inherent affinity towards different mineral surfaces including sulfides. The unique surface and interfacial properties of these naturally derived products make them potential candidates for development of new products for metal sulfide scale management and control. In this work the properties of sophorolipids and rhamnolipids as dispersion and modification agents for iron and zinc sulfide precipitates were investigated. Surface and interfacial tension behaviors of microbial biosurfactants were measured using a drop shape tensiometer. Accelerated dispersion stability testing were used to determine the efficiency of biosurfactants for dispersing field collected and lab-made iron and zinc sulfides. Fourier transform – infrared (FTIR) and ultraviolet – visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy was used to determine the mode of interaction of the biosurfactant active sites with metal sulfide surfaces.
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4

Vivian F. Assaad, Jan C.Jofriet, Satish C. Negi, and Gordon L. Hayward. "Sulfide and Sulfate Corrosion of Concrete in Livestock Buildings." In 2002 Chicago, IL July 28-31, 2002. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.10471.

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5

Raisch, Dominic, Gregor Markl, and Sebastian Staude. "Textures of sulfide-silicate-interactions in magmatic sulfide deposits." In Goldschmidt2023. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2023.18025.

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6

Fowles, Robert G., Simon J. M. Levey, and Clayton S. Smith. "An Advanced Method for Preparing Ferrous Sulfide and Testing Potential Inhibitors." In SPE International Oilfield Scale Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/spe-169808-ms.

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Abstract Ferrous-sulfide (iron II sulfide) scale typically forms in the wellbore under anaerobic conditions and may cause a reduction in well productivity. It has been proposed that ferrous ions react with bisulfide formed from dissolved hydrogen sulfide to form a complex iron bisulfide intermediate, which further reacts to produce black solid ferrous sulfide. Treatment of this type of scale typically involves mineral acids or chelants, which themselves provide additional challenges for pipeline integrity. The Weatherford flow assurance laboratory carries out tests that determine the best inhibitors for scale problems. Compared to calcite, barium, and gypsum scales, little work has been done to study prevention of ferrous sulfide scale. For calcite, barium, and gypsum scales, the dynamic-flow loop is commonly used. However, for ferrous-sulfide scale, there is a challenge for a quick and reliable test method. The preparation of ferrous sulfide under sour conditions is not straight forward due to both the difficulty in achieving sufficiently anaerobic conditions and the associated hazards of managing H2S. The presence of oxygen will result in ferric sulfide instead of ferrous sulfide. This paper describes in detail laboratory experiments to safely prepare ferrous sulfide scale using H2S and also test potential inhibitors. Comparisons were made between using metal sulfide instead of H2S. Using the H2S method to prepare ferrous sulfide provided a quick and robust way to select potential inhibitors under various conditions, which can be used to improve flow assurance assessments. This paper will demonstrate selected chemicals compared to tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate (THPS) in preventing the formation of ferrous sulfide under sour conditions and ambient or elevated pressures and temperatures when applied at low concentrations. Some inhibitors that are successful under sour ferrous sulfide preparations are not effective when metal sulfide ions are used instead of H2S, which means potential inhibitors are being missed due to inappropriate test methods. Overall, a technological advancement was made with an anaerobic and sour method to test effectively ferrous sulfide inhibitors that would perform at low concentrations.
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7

Sullivan, D., B. Arena, A. de Vegt, C. Buisman, and A. Jannsen. "Converting Sulfide Biologically." In Annual Technical Meeting. Petroleum Society of Canada, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/97-16.

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8

Vivian F. Assaad, Jan C.Jofriet, Satish C. Negi, and Gordon L. Hayward. "Sulfide and Sulfate Attack on Reinforced Concrete of Livestock Buildings." In 2003, Las Vegas, NV July 27-30, 2003. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.13870.

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9

Aften, Carl W., and Gayla Roberts. "New Compounds For Hydrogen Sulfide Scavenging And Iron Sulfide Control." In SPE International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/141286-ms.

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10

Alharbi, Bader, Norah Aljeaban, Alexander Graham, and Kenneth S. Sorbie. "Iron Sulfide and Zinc Sulfide Inhibition and Scale Inhibitor Consumption." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/197688-ms.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Sulfide"

1

Davis, Eiber, and Parkins. NR199306 Microbial Effects on SCC of Line-pipe Steels in Low-pH Environments. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), September 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010963.

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Many sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) exist in low-pH soils and they are known to produce hydrogen sulfide as a natural product of their life cycle. It is believed that hydrogen sulfide promotes the entry of atomic hydrogen into adjacent steel surfaces as a result if corrosion processes. Thus, tests are needed to determine the microbial effects on stress corrosion cracking of line-pipe steels in low-pH environments. The objective of this work was to determine the effects of sulfate reducing bacteria in producing an environment that promotes stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) in a typical line pipe steel under low pH conditions.
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2

Gadd, M. G., J. M. Peter, and D. Layton-Matthews. Genesis of hyper-enriched black shale Ni-Mo-Zn-Pt-Pd-Re mineralization in the northern Canadian Cordillera. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328013.

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Polymetallic (Ni-Mo-Zn-Pt-Pd-Au-Re) hyper-enriched black shales in the northern Canadian Cordillera consist of thin, semi-massive sulfides interbedded with black shale. We studied HEBS deposits at Nick, Peel River, Monster River, and Moss in northern Yukon, and at a single locality underlying the Cardiac Creek Pb-Zn-Ag deposit in northeastern British Columbia. High-grade mineralization contains up to 7.4 weight per cent Ni, 2.7 weight per cent Zn, 0.38 weight per cent Mo, 400 ppb Pt, 250 ppb Pd, 160 ppb Au, and 58.5 ppm Re. Sulfide mineralization formed during syngenesis to later diagenesis. Analyses by LA-ICP-MS indicate that pyrite is the principal host of platinum-group elements, Au, and Re. Mineralization and sedimentation were coeval based on the overlap between Re-Os geochronology of HEBS at Nick and Peel River (390.7 ± 5.1 and 387.3 ± 4.4 Ma, respectively) and conodont biostratigraphic ages of sedimentary host rocks. Bulk S isotope composition of HEBS is uniformly negative, indicating that bacterial reduction of seawater sulfate generated sulfur to precipitate sulfide minerals. The initial Os ratios at Peel River (0.25 ± 0.07) and Nick (0.32 ± 0.20) overlap with Middle Devonian seawater, suggesting that elemental enrichment was derived from seawater.
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3

Leckey, J. H., and L. E. Nulf. Thermal decomposition of mercuric sulfide. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/41313.

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4

Cohen, A., and M. Blander. Removal of copper from carbon-saturated steel with an aluminum sulfide/iron sulfide slag. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/510297.

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5

Benson, J. M., F. F. Hahn, and E. B. Barr. Acute inhalation toxicity of carbonyl sulfide. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/381394.

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6

Gorski, A., E. Daniels, and J. Harkness. Treatment of hydrogen sulfide waste gas. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5967762.

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7

Liseroudi, M. H., O. H. Ardakani, P. K. Pedersen, R. A. Stern, J M Wood, and H. Sanei. Diagenetic and geochemical controls on H2S distribution in the Montney Formation, Peace River region, western Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329785.

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The Lower Triassic Montney Formation is a major siltstone dominated unconventional tight gas play in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin (WCSB). In the Peace River region, the Montney Formation contains a regionally variable amount of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in gas-producing wells with western Alberta's wells having the highest concentrations. Previous studies on the source and distribution of H2S in the Montney Formation mainly focused on variations of H2S concentration and its relationship with other hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon gases, sulfur isotope composition of H2S, as well as organo-sulfur compounds in the Montney Formation natural gas. None of those studies, however, focused on the role of diagenetic and geochemical processes in the formation of dissolved sulfate, one of the two major ingredients of H2S formation mechanisms, and pyrite within the Montney Formation. According to the results of this study, the Montney Formation consists of two different early and late generations of sulfate minerals (anhydrite and barite), mainly formed by the Montney Formation pore water and incursion of structurally-controlled Devonian-sourced hydrothermal sulfate-rich fluids. In addition, pyrite the dominate sulfide mineral, occurred in two distinct forms as framboidal and crystalline that formed during early to late stages of diagenesis in western Alberta (WAB) and northeast British Columbia (NEBC). The concurrence of the late-stage anhydrite and barite and various types of diagenetic pyrite with high H2S concentrations, particularly in WAB, their abundance, and spatial distribution, imply a correlation between the presence of these sulfate and sulfide species and the diagenetic evolution of sulfur in the Montney Formation. The sulfur isotope composition of anhydrite/barite, H2S, and pyrite demonstrates both microbial and thermochemical sulfate reduction (MSR and TSR) controlled the diagenetic sulfur cycle of the Montney Formation. The relationship between the delta-34S values of the present-day produced gas H2S and other sulfur-bearing species from the Montney and other neighboring formations verifies a dual native and migrated TSR-derived origin for the H2S gas with substantial contributions of in situ H2S in the Montney reservoir.
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Lacroix, J., and R. Daigneault. The Grevet Zn-Cu massive sulfide deposit. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/205292.

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9

VICUS TECHNOLOGIES LLC KENNEBUNK ME. Development of Zinc Sulfide Seeker Window Material. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada432111.

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10

LaiHing, Kenneth. Third Order Susceptibility of Gold Sulfide Sol. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada337938.

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