Готові списки джерел за темами / Substrats interactifs

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Substrats interactifs"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 7 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Substrats interactifs":

Chen, Xiaobo, Jiayue Chen, Bing Yan, Wei Zhang, Luke W. Guddat, Xiang Liu, and Zihe Rao. "Structural basis for the broad substrate specificity of two acyl-CoA dehydrogenases FadE5 from mycobacteria." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 28 (June 29, 2020): 16324–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002835117.

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FadE, an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, introduces unsaturation to carbon chains in lipid metabolism pathways. Here, we report that FadE5 fromMycobacterium tuberculosis(MtbFadE5) andMycobacterium smegmatis(MsFadE5) play roles in drug resistance and exhibit broad specificity for linear acyl-CoA substrates but have a preference for those with long carbon chains. Here, the structures ofMsFadE5 andMtbFadE5, in the presence and absence of substrates, have been determined. These reveal the molecular basis for the broad substrate specificity of these enzymes. FadE5 interacts with the CoA region of the substrate through a large number of hydrogen bonds and an unusual π–π stacking interaction, allowing these enzymes to accept both short- and long-chain substrates. Residues in the substrate binding cavity reorient their side chains to accommodate substrates of various lengths. Longer carbon-chain substrates make more numerous hydrophobic interactions with the enzyme compared with the shorter-chain substrates, resulting in a preference for this type of substrate.

Kim, Ikjin, Kaixia Mi, and Hai Rao. "Multiple Interactions of Rad23 Suggest a Mechanism for Ubiquitylated Substrate Delivery Important in Proteolysis." Molecular Biology of the Cell 15, no. 7 (July 2004): 3357–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e03-11-0835.

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The mechanism underlying the delivery of ubiquitylated substrates to the proteasome is poorly understood. Rad23 is a putative adaptor molecule for this process because it interacts with ubiquitin chains through its ubiquitin-associated motifs (UBA) and with the proteasome through a ubiquitin-like element (UBL). Here, we demonstrate that the UBL motif of Rad23 also binds Ufd2, an E4 enzyme essential for ubiquitin chain assembly onto its substrates. Mutations in the UBL of Rad23 alter its interactions with Ufd2 and the proteasome, and impair its function in the UFD proteolytic pathway. Furthermore, Ufd2 and the proteasome subunit Rpn1 compete for the binding of Rad23, suggesting that Rad23 forms separate complexes with them. Importantly, we also find that the ability of other UBL/UBA proteins to associate with Ufd2 correlates with their differential involvement in the UFD pathway, suggesting that UBL-mediated interactions may contribute to the substrate specificity of these adaptors. We propose that the UBL motif, a protein-protein interaction module, may be used to facilitate coupling between substrate ubiquitylation and delivery, and to ensure the orderly handoff of the substrate from the ubiquitylation machinery to the proteasome.

Lim, Jia Jia, Youngjin Lee, Tue Tu Ly, Jung Youn Kang, Jung-Gyu Lee, Jun Yop An, Hyung-Seop Youn, et al. "Structural insights into the interaction of p97 N-terminus domain and VBM in rhomboid protease, RHBDL4." Biochemical Journal 473, no. 18 (September 12, 2016): 2863–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bcj20160237.

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RHBDL4 is an active rhomboid that specifically recognizes and cleaves atypical, positively charged transmembrane endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) substrates. Interaction of valosin-containing protein (p97/VCP) and RHBDL4 is crucial to retrotranslocate polyubiquitinated substrates for ERAD pathway. Here, we report the first complex structure of VCP-binding motif (VBM) with p97 N-terminal domain (p97N) at 1.88 Å resolution. Consistent with p97 adaptor proteins including p47-ubiquitin regulatory X (UBX), gp78-VCP-interacting motif (VIM), OTU1-UBX-like element, and FAF1-UBX, RHBDL4 VBM also binds at the interface between the two lobes of p97N. Notably, the RF residues in VBM are involved in the interaction with p97N, showing a similar interaction pattern with that of FPR signature motif in the UBX domain, although the directionality is opposite. Comparison of VBM interaction with VIM of gp78, another α-helical motif that interacts with p97N, revealed that the helix direction is inversed. Nevertheless, the conserved arginine residues in both motifs participate in the majority of the interface via extensive hydrogen bonds and ionic interactions with p97N. We identified novel VBM-binding mode to p97N that involves a combination of two types of p97–cofactor specificities observed in the UBX and VIM interactions. This highlights the induced fit model of p97N interdomain cleft upon cofactor binding to form stable p97–cofactor complexes. Our mutational and biochemical analyses in defining the specific interaction between VBM and p97N have elucidated the importance of the highly conserved VBM, applicable to other VBM-containing proteins. We also showed that RHBDL4, ubiquitins, and p97 co-operate for efficient substrate dislocation.

Cavitt, T. Brian, and Niyati Pathak. "Modeling Bacterial Attachment Mechanisms on Superhydrophobic and Superhydrophilic Substrates." Pharmaceuticals 14, no. 10 (September 26, 2021): 977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph14100977.

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Superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic substrates are widely known to inhibit the attachment of a variety of motile and/or nonmotile bacteria. However, the thermodynamics of attachment are complex. Surface energy measurements alone do not address the complexities of colloidal (i.e., bacterial) dispersions but do affirm that polar (acid-base) interactions (ΔGAB) are often more significant than nonpolar (Lifshitz-van der Waals) interactions (ΔGLW). Classical DLVO theory alone also fails to address all colloidal interactions present in bacterial dispersions such as ΔGAB and Born repulsion (ΔGBorn) yet accounts for the significant electrostatic double layer repulsion (ΔGEL). We purpose to model both motile (e.g., P. aeruginosa and E. coli) and nonmotile (e.g., S. aureus and S. epidermidis) bacterial attachment to both superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic substrates via surface energies and extended DLVO theory corrected for bacterial geometries. We used extended DLVO theory and surface energy analyses to characterize the following Gibbs interaction energies for the bacteria with superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic substrates: ΔGLW, ΔGAB, ΔGEL, and ΔGBorn. The combination of the aforementioned interactions yields the total Gibbs interaction energy (ΔGtot) of each bacterium with each substrate. Analysis of the interaction energies with respect to the distance of approach yielded an equilibrium distance (deq) that seems to be independent of both bacterial species and substrate. Utilizing both deq and Gibbs interaction energies, substrates could be designed to inhibit bacterial attachment.

Tsang, Yik Pui, Antonio Jesús López Quiñones, Letícia Salvador Vieira, and Joanne Wang. "Interaction of ALK Inhibitors with Polyspecific Organic Cation Transporters and the Impact of Substrate-Dependent Inhibition on the Prediction of Drug–Drug Interactions." Pharmaceutics 15, no. 9 (September 13, 2023): 2312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15092312.

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Small molecules targeting aberrant anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) are active against ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancers and neuroblastoma. Several targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been shown to interact with polyspecific organic cation transporters (pOCTs), raising concerns about potential drug–drug interactions (DDIs). The purpose of this study was to assess the interaction of ALK inhibitors with pOCTs and the impact of substrate-dependent inhibition on the prediction of DDIs. Inhibition assays were conducted in transporter-overexpressing cells using meta-iodobenzylguanidine (mIBG), metformin, or 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) as the substrate. The half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of brigatinib and crizotinib for the substrates tested were used to predict their potential for in vivo transporter mediated DDIs. Here, we show that the inhibition potencies of brigatinib and crizotinib on pOCTs are isoform- and substrate-dependent. Human OCT3 (hOCT3) and multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1 (hMATE1) were highly sensitive to inhibition by brigatinib and crizotinib for all three tested substrates. Apart from hMATE1, substrate-dependent inhibition was observed for all other transporters with varying degrees of dependency; hOCT1 inhibition showed the greatest substrate dependency, with differences in IC50 values of up to 22-fold across the tested substrates, followed by hOCT2 and hMATE2-K, with differences in IC50 values of up to 16- and 12-fold, respectively. Conversely, hOCT3 inhibition only showed a moderate substrate dependency (IC50 variance < 4.8). Among the substrates used, metformin was consistently shown to be the most sensitive substrate, followed by mIBG and MPP+. Pre-incubation of ALK inhibitors had little impact on their potencies toward hOCT2 and hMATE1. Our results underscore the complexity of the interactions between substrates and the inhibitors of pOCTs and have important implications for the clinical use of ALK inhibitors and their DDI predictions.

Rittmann, B. E. "Microbiological Detoxification of Hazardous Organic Contaminants: The Crucial Role of Substrate Interactions." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 11 (June 1, 1992): 403–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0319.

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Microbiological detoxification of hazardous organic pollutants is highly promising, but its reliable implementation requires a sophisticated understanding of several different substrate types and how they interact. This paper carefully defines the substrate types and explains how their interactions affect the bacteria's electron and energy flows, information flow, and degradative activity. For example, primary substrates, which are essential for growth and maintenance of the bacteria, also interact with degradation of specific hazardous pollutants by being inducers, inhibitors, and direct or indirect cosubstrates. The target contaminants, which often are secondary substrates, also have the interactive roles of self-inhibitor, inhibitor of primary-substrate utilization, inducer, and a part of an aggregate primary substrate.

Roche, Sandra, Kasper Pedersen, Grainne Dunne, Denis Collins, Aoife Devery, John Crown, Martin Clynes, and Robert O'Connor. "Pharmacological interactions of TKIs with the P-gp drug transport protein." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): 2536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.2536.

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2536 Background: Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) can interact with drug transport proteins. P-gp is a transporter with two important roles in cancer drug therapy. If overexpressed in tumour cells it can cause drug resistance. However, P-gp, expressed in tissues as part of normal drug clearance mechanisms, is also involved in termination of drug action. Hence, TKI-mediated interactions with P-gp have significant therapeutic consequences. Methods: P-gp over-expressing cancer cell lines were used to determine the inhibitor or substrate status of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (erlotinib, gefitinib, lapatinib, dasatinb, neratinib, afatinib and pazopanib). Cell proliferation assays in combination with a potent P-gp inhibitor, or P-gp substrate were also employed. Findings were augmented using LC-MS-based quantitation of cellular levels of target drugs. Results: We summarise our findings of four distinct interactions with P-gp among various TKIs. Some agents have little interaction at conventional doses; others can act as P-gp inhibitors without being substrates; substrates without being inhibitors or substrates which also prevent the actions of the transporter.Eachof the investigated TKIs has a distinct relationship with P-gp. As examples, lapatinib is an inhibitor but not a substrate, dasatinib is a substrate but not an inhibitor, while pazopanib has little interaction with P-gp. Other agents also have an effect on or are affected by P-gp to varying amounts with some of these interactions likely to be suprapharmacological. Conclusions: P-gp protein has important roles both in resistance and drug toxicology, hence, a clear understanding of the interaction of emerging drugs with this transporter is vital. Agents which are inhibitors of P-gp may have applications in drug resistance circumvention but may also greatly exacerbate the toxicity of concurrently administered P-gp substrate cytotoxics; conversely the activity of P-gp substrate TKIs may be reduced by tumour overexpression of the transporter. Hence in vitro screening of TKI-transporter interactions may identify putative TKI resistance mechanisms, help guide the development of combination schedule trials and/or reducing unwanted treatment side effects.

Courtade, Gaston, Reinhard Wimmer, Åsmund K. Røhr, Marita Preims, Alfons K. G. Felice, Maria Dimarogona, Gustav Vaaje-Kolstad та ін. "Interactions of a fungal lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase with β-glucan substrates and cellobiose dehydrogenase". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, № 21 (5 травня 2016): 5922–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1602566113.

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Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are copper-dependent enzymes that catalyze oxidative cleavage of glycosidic bonds using molecular oxygen and an external electron donor. We have used NMR and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) to study the interactions of a broad-specificity fungal LPMO, NcLPMO9C, with various substrates and with cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH), a known natural supplier of electrons. The NMR studies revealed interactions with cellohexaose that center around the copper site. NMR studies with xyloglucans, i.e., branched β-glucans, showed an extended binding surface compared with cellohexaose, whereas ITC experiments showed slightly higher affinity and a different thermodynamic signature of binding. The ITC data also showed that although the copper ion alone hardly contributes to affinity, substrate binding is enhanced for metal-loaded enzymes that are supplied with cyanide, a mimic of O2−. Studies with CDH and its isolated heme b cytochrome domain unambiguously showed that the cytochrome domain of CDH interacts with the copper site of the LPMO and that substrate binding precludes interaction with CDH. Apart from providing insights into enzyme–substrate interactions in LPMOs, the present observations shed new light on possible mechanisms for electron supply during LPMO action.

Jabaiah, Abeer M., Jennifer A. Getz, Witold A. Witkowski, Jeanne A. Hardy, and Patrick S. Daugherty. "Identifi cation of protease exosite-interacting peptides that enhance substrate cleavage kinetics." Biological Chemistry 393, no. 9 (September 1, 2012): 933–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hsz-2012-0162.

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Abstract Many peptidases are thought to require non-active site interaction surfaces, or exosites, to recognize and cleave physiological substrates with high specifi city and catalytic effi ciency. However, the existence and function of protease exosites remain obscure owing to a lack of effective methods to identify and characterize exosite-interacting substrates. To address this need, we modifi ed the cellular libraries of peptide substrates (CLiPS) methodology to enable the discovery of exosite-interacting peptide ligands. Invariant cleavage motifs recognized by the active sites of thrombin and caspase-7 were displayed on the outer surface of bacteria adjacent to a candidate exosite-interacting peptide. Exosite peptide libraries were then screened for ligands that accelerate cleavage of the active site recognition motif using two-color fl ow cytometry. Exosite CLiPS (eCLiPS) identifi ed exosite-binding peptides for thrombin that were highly similar to a critical exosite interaction motif in the thrombin substrate, proteaseactivated receptor 1. Protease activity probes incorporating exosite-binding peptides were cleaved ten-fold faster than substrates without exosite ligands, increasing their sensitivity to thrombin activity in vitro. For comparison, screening with caspase-7 yielded peptides that modestly enhanced (two-fold) substrate cleavage rates. The eCLiPS method provides a new tool to profi le the ligand specifi city of protease exosites and to develop improved substrates.

FAGHIHI, SHAHAB, HOJATOLLAH VALI, and MARYAM TABRIZIAN. "EFFECTS OF CRYSTAL SIZE AND ORIENTATION OF SUBSTRATES ON CELL ADHESION: IMPLICATION FOR MEDICAL IMPLANTS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 22, no. 18n19 (July 30, 2008): 3069–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979208047936.

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The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of atomic structure of polycrystalline materials on cell-substrate interactions. Samples are prepared from rods and sheets of Ti -6 Al -4 V substrates with predominately two distinct crystallographic orientations as well as nano-structured and annealed titanium fabricated through high-pressure torsion and heat treatment processes. The degree of preosteoblast attachment and rate of growth, which are regulated through the activity and interaction of proteins present in the extracellular matrix, are notably increased on the nano-structured titanium and substrate having predominant [Formula: see text] orientation. The improved cell activity is attributed to the nano-structured feature of these substrates consisting of ultra-fine crystals (< 50 nm) and specific atomic order of [Formula: see text] substrate which provide higher degree of surface wettability. These findings demonstrate the advantages of nano-structured titanium over the conventional and coated titanium implants, as both mechanical properties and cellular response are improved. Furthermore, crystal orientation of the substrates can influence cell responses and, therefore, substrate engineering can be used to improve and control cell-substrate interactions.

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Дисертації з теми "Substrats interactifs":

Gamouh, Ahmed. "Effets comparés et interactifs des pesticides et des facteurs physiques sur la minéralisation de divers substrats carbonés dans le sol." Perpignan, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PERP0314.

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Les objectifs de cette etude etaient (1) de permettre une meilleure interpretation des tests ecotoxicologiques bases sur la mesure de la mineralisation de substrats organiques marques au carbone 14 (glucose, acide benzoique, 2,4-d) par la microflore du sol, (2) de comparer les effets de pesticides (dnoc, aldicarbe) a ceux de facteurs physiques (congelation, sechage, chauffage), (3) d'estimer les effets combines des deux types de facteurs. L'etude a ete conduite selon un dispositif experimental simplifie. Dans un premier temps, les traitements physiques etaient appliques sur des echantillons de 2g de sol. Les substrats et les pesticides etaient ensuite introduits en solutions aqueuses. Les echantillons etaient incubes a 20c et la radioactivite degagee etait determinee apres 3h, 24h, 8j et 64j. Nos resultats ont confirme que le rapport entre les quantites de carbone mineralise et celles incorporees dans la biomasse microbienne augmente avec la concentration en substrat. En presence d'une forte biomasse et de concentrations faibles en substrat, les facteurs physique aussi bien que les pesticides peuvent provoquer une forte augmentation des proportions de carbone mineralise. En revanche, une faible biomasse et/ou de fortes concentrations en substrat ont pour consequence une diminution du niveau de co#2 degage. D'une facon generale, l'importance des effets augmente dans l'ordre : congelation, aldicarbe, sechage, chauffage a 50c et dnoc. Les effets des interactions entre facteurs physiques et chimiques sont generalement plus importants que chacun des effets individuels. D'une facon generale, l'importance des effets augmente dans l'ordre congelation, aldicarbe, sechage, chauffage a 50c et dnoc. Il existe de grandes similitudes entre les effets des traitements physiques et ceux des pesticides, ce qui pourrait permettre d'utiliser les premiers comme critere d'evaluation de l'impact ecologique des seconds. Le plus souvent l'interaction des deux types de facteurs produit un effet resultant plus important que celui de chaque effet individuel. Dans quelques cas on observe un effet synergique entre des facteurs physiques moderes (exemple la congelation) et les pesticides.

Battut, Alexandre. "Interaction substrates and instruments for interaction histories." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASG026.

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Dans le monde numérique comme dans le monde physique, nos interactions avec les objets laissent des traces qui racontent l'histoire qui les a façonnés au fil du temps. Ces données historiques peuvent être consultées par les utilisateurs afin de mieux comprendre les étapes qui ont conduit à l'état actuel de leur système. Elles peuvent également être re-documentées afin d'arranger l'historique d'une manière plus compréhensible pour les utilisateurs. Dans des environnements collaboratifs, les utilisateurs peuvent être amenés à partager ces données, afin de mieux coordonner ou synchroniser leur travail d'équipe.Des travaux antérieurs ont tenté de démontrer les avantages des historiques partagés entre applications, mais les implémentations actu- elles des historiques dans les systèmes interactifs continuent de confiner les historiques à leur application d'origine.Les utilisateurs ne peuvent pas croiser leur historiques pour corréler les événements qui se sont produits dans différentes applications. Dans cette thèse, je montre que concevoir des historiques de l'interaction pouvant être partagés entre les applications et les utilisateurs faciliterait la navigation, la compréhension et la réutilisation des données historiques. J'ancre le début de mes travaux dans le cas de l'écriture collaborative afin d'explorer des écologies de traces et des usages familiers, mais néanmoins complexes. J'identifie les pratiques récurrentes et les problèmes liés à l'utilisation des données historiques en interrogeant des utilisateurs habitués de l'écriture collaborative, et je mène plusieurs activités de conception basées sur les observations qui en découlent. Je décris ensuite un premier système en tant que preuve de concept intégrant deux outils résultant de ces activités de conception. Ce système intègre également la première itération d'une structure unique pour les données d'historique partagées entre applications et utilisateurs. Les résultats des études utilisateurs menées sur ce système montrent que ces derniers expriment effectivement le besoin de disposer d'historiques d'interaction unifiés et personnalisables. En compilant les données recueillies au cours de ces activités de recherche et en me basant sur des travaux antérieurs concernant les "médias dynamiques partageables" et les substrats d'interaction, je décris un cadre permettant de concevoir des historiques d'interaction plus flexibles. Je présente Steps, une structure d'unification des données historiques qui intègre un noyau d'attributs descriptifs qui préserve l'intégrité d'une trace entre les applications, et des attributs contextuels extensibles qui permettent aux utilisateurs de modeler leurs historiques en fonction de leurs besoins. Je présente ensuite OneTrace, un prototype basé sur les Steps. Son implémentation suit mon cadre descriptif pour les historiques inter-applications et définit l'historique comme un matériau numérique à façonner par l'utilisation d'outils dédiés. Je discute des opportunités offertes par cette approche pour réaliser un changement de paradigme sur la façon dont nous concevons les historiques et leurs outils
In the digital world, as in the physical world, our interactions with objects leave traces that tell the story of the actions that shaped these objects over time. This historical data can be accessed by end users to help them better understand the steps that led to the current state of their system. These traces can also be reused for activities such as re-documenting their own history to arrange it in a way that they find more understandable. Users may also be led to share these data in collaborative environments, to better coordinate and synchronize their work. While previous work has attempted to show the benefits of cross-application histories, current implementations of interaction histories in interactive systems tend to tie history data to their source application. This prevents users from cross-referencing historical data to review and correlate events that occurred in different applications.In this thesis, I argue that designing interaction histories that can be shared among applications and users would support browsing, understanding and reusing historical data. I first ground my work in the use case of collaborative writing to explore relatable yet complex traces ecologies and interaction history use. I identify recurring practices and issues with the use of history data by interviewing knowledge workers and conducting several design activities based on these observations. I describe a first proof-of-concept system integrating two history instruments resulting from these design activities, and the first iteration of a unifying structure for historical data to be shared among applications and users. The results of user studies show that users indeed express a need for unified and customizable interaction histories.Compiling the data gathered during these research activities and based on previous works about “Dynamic Shareable Media” and the Interaction Substrates and Instruments model, I describe a framework to help create more flexible interaction histories. The goal is to describe how to design interaction history systems that would help users take control of their historical data. I introduce Steps, a structure for unifying historical data that includes descriptive core attributes to preserve the integrity of a trace across applications, and extensible contextual attributes that let users reshape their histories to suit their needs. I then introduce OneTrace, a proof-of-concept prototype based on Steps that follows my descriptive framework for cross-application histories and defines interaction histories as digital material to be shaped by digital tool use. I discuss the opportunities offered by this approach to support a shift in paradigm on how we design and interact with interaction histories

Burns, Teresa Ellen. "Asymmetric Adsorbate and Substrate Interactions in Physisorbed Systems: N2 on Graphite and Dipolar Molecules on Ionic Substrates." DigitalCommons@USU, 1994. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2090.

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Asymmetries in physisorbed systems give rise to interesting phases and phase transitions in two-dimensional (2D) monolayer and multilayer systems. The effects of asymmetric adsorbate and substrate interactions in monolayers of dipolar molecules on ionic substrates and N2 on graphite are studied. In the case of dipolar molecules on ionic substrates, 2D dielectric phase transitions using a modified Blume-Emery-Griffiths (BEG) model are determined theoretically. A dipole adsorbed vertically above a metal ion lattice site, and pointing up (down), is assigned a spin s=+1 (s=-1). An empty lattice site is assigned a spin S=0. Analytic solutions for both ferroelectrically and antiferroelectrically ordered systems are found. The model is applied to CO adsorbed on MgO and NaCl, and preliminary results for the phase diagram of CH3F on NaCl, are presented. Multilayer phase transitions for N2 on graphite are studied experimentally using synchrotron x-ray diffraction. The system is measured to undergo layering transitions, where the number of layers increases as the temperature of the system increases. A new multilayer phase diagram based on our results and the combined results published by other researchers is presented. The effects of capillary condensation on this multilayer system are quantified, and it is determined that its primary effect is to broaden the discrete layering transitions. The results for both studies are put into context with other adsorption systems with asymmetric interactions.

Richter, Andreas. "Structure formation and fractionation in systems of colloidal rods." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2007/1309/.

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Sharp, Katherine Helen. "Substrate binding : interactions in ascorbate peroxidase." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30091.

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X-ray crystallography, kinetics, spectroscopy and directed evolution have been used to define substrate binding in recombinant soybean cystolic ascorbate peroxidase (rsAPX), which catalyses the hydrogen peroxide-dependent oxidation of ascorbate in plants.;The rsAPX crystal structure has been solved to 1.8 A (Chapter 2) and provides a useful comparison for the substrate bound structures. Nitric oxide and cyanide bound rsAPX crystal structures have also been solved to 2.0 A and are used to model the binding of hydrogen peroxide in APX (Chapter 2).;Ascorbate binding interactions are defined by the rsAPX/ascorbate crystal structure, which has been solved to 1.4 A (Chapter 3). This structure provides new rationalization of the unusual functional features of the related cytochrome c peroxidase enzyme, and a mechanism for electron transfer from the substrate to the heme has been prepared (Chapter 3).;The crystal structure of the rsAPX/salicylhydroxamic acid (SHA) complex has been solved to 1.46 A (Chapter 4). Spectroscopic and kinetic techniques were used to show that guaiacol and SHA bind at the same site in APX. These data define the aromatic binding site in rsAPX and, along with the other crystal structures, have been used to propose a mechanism for proton transfer (Chapter 4).;A screen for enhanced aromatic oxidation has been developed, using guaiacol (colourless), which is oxidised to tetraguaiacol (red) by rsAPX (Chapter 5). The colour change and the fact it can be carried out on whole cells, allows many mutants to be assessed very efficiently. As a result it will be ideal for screening libraries of rsAPX mutants created by directed evolution.

Jovelet, Cécile. "Interactions du vandetanib avec la P-glycoprotéine et passage d'une barrière physiologique : le placenta." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA114825.

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La surexpression de protéines d’efflux, et tout particulièrement la P-glycoprotéine, est impliquée dans la multidrug résistance. Dans cette thèse, nous démontrons que le vandetanib, inhibiteur de tyrosine kinase, est à la fois substrat et inhibiteur de la P-glycoprotéine et qu’il est capable de réverser in vitro la résistance à la doxorubicine liée à la surexpression de la P-glycoprotéine.Nous nous sommes également intéressés à l’étude du passage transplacentaire du vandetanib et nous montrons que ce médicament traverse la barrière placentaire
Overexpression of ABC transporters, especially P-glycoprotein, is involved in multidrug resistance. In this study, we demonstrate that vandetanib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is both substrate and inhibitor of P-glycoprotein and is able to reverse in vitro resistance to doxorubicin, linked to overexpression of P-glycoprotein.We also studied the placental transfer of vandetanib and we show that this drug crosses the placenta

Bischofs, Ilka Bettina. "Elastic interactions of cellular force patterns." Phd thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=973638915.

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Hill, S. D. "Plasma torch interaction with a melting substrate." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17261.

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O'Donnell, Emily. "Substrate and redox partner interactions with CYP17." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427259.

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Rahman, Nahid 1974. "Polypyrrole : an interactive substrate for bone regeneration." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/50554.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 1998.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 59-68).
Current methods of bone repair rely on autografts (bone from a donor site) and allografts (bone from human cadaver). However, these methods are plagued with disadvantages. There is a clear and urgent need to provide alternatives for regenerating and repairing bone. Bone is known to be one of the many connective tissues in the body that are responsive to exogenous electrical stimulation. Based on this principle, this thesis explores the potential of using an electrically conducting polymer, polypyrrole, as a substrate for bone regeneration. Optically transparent thin films of polypyrrole, with a polyanionic dopant, poly(styrenesulfonate), were synthesized electrochemically and characterized by X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, UV/VIS spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy and by electrical conductivity measurements. In this study, Bone Marrow Stromal Cells (BMSC), which are the progenitor cells to bone cells (osteoblasts), were used as the in vitro model system. Their viability, proliferation and differentiation capabilities were evaluated on polypyrrole, in the absence and presence of electrical stimulation. Results indicate that polypyrrole is ideally suited as a substratum for BMSC growth and differentiation. The application of an electrical stimulus through the polypyrrole substrate was found to induce the differentiation of BMSC towards an osteogenic lineage. Thus, polypyrrole, by virtue of its conductive properties, its in vitro biocompatibility and its flexibility in altering surface characteristics, has an exciting potential as a suitable interactive substrate for bone regeneration.
by Nahid Rahman.
S.M.

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Книги з теми "Substrats interactifs":

Buatois, Luis A. Ichnology: Organism-substrate interactions in space and time. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.

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Doniach, Sebastian, ed. Statistical Mechanics, Protein Structure, and Protein Substrate Interactions. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1349-4.

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John, Ferrante, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Theoretical modelling of AFM for bimetallic tip-substrate interactions. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1991.

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Singhania, Aditi. Patterning of dendritic territories by dendrite-dendrite and dendrite-substrate interactions. [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2014.

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J, Mulder Gerard, ed. Conjugation reactions in drug metabolism: An integrated approach : substrates, co-substrates, enzymes and their interactions in vivo and in vitro. London: Taylor & Francis, 1990.

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NATO, Advanced Research Workshop on Statistical Mechanics Protein Structure and Protein Substrate Interactions (1993 Cargèse Corsica France). Statistical mechanics, protein structure, and protein substrate interactions: [proceedings of a NATO Research Workshop on Statistical Mechanics, Protein Structure, and Protein Substrate Interactions, Held June 1-5, 1993, in Cargèse, Corsica, France]. New York: Plenum Press in cooperation with NATO Scientific Affairs Division, 1994.

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A, Bachmann Kenneth, ed. Lexi-Comp's drug interactions handbook: The new standard for drug and herbal interactions : featuring a complete guide to cytochrome P450 enzyme substrates, inducers, and inhibitors. Hudson, Ohio: Lexi-Comp, 2003.

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A, Bachmann Kenneth, ed. Lexi-Comp's drug interactions handbook: The new standard for drug and herbal interactions featuring a complete guide to cytochrome P450 enzyme substrates, inducers, and inhibitors. 2nd ed. Hudson, Ohio: Lexi-Comp, 2004.

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Gagaev, Andrey, and Pavel Gagaev. The mystery of education (on the universal poetic basis of pedagogy). ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02125-5.

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The monograph explores the problem of the universal-poetic nature of human spirituality and education as a reality that takes into account the above about a person. The universal-poetic in education is associated with the abandonment of the purposeful component in the pedagogical process (as the dominant of education) and the appeal to the imaginative-idealistic interaction of the teacher and the pupil, during which the discovery and deployment of universal-poetic semantics and intentions in the student is maintained. The methodology in the work is the idealistic-substrate reflection of A.A. Gagaev. It is addressed to specialists and students studying the problems of pedagogy, as well as to anyone interested in the phenomenon of man and his upbringing.

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Частини книг з теми "Substrats interactifs":

Smith, Michael G., Jason Ptacek, and Michael Snyder. "Kinase Substrate Interactions." In Protein Microarray for Disease Analysis, 201–12. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-043-0_13.

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Herper, Heike C., Barbara Brena, Carla Puglia, Sumanta Bhandary, Heiko Wende, Olle Eriksson, and Biplab Sanyal. "Interaction with Substrates." In SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology, 45–64. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3719-6_6.

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Kityk, Roman, and Matthias P. Mayer. "Hsp70-Substrate Interactions." In Heat Shock Proteins in the Immune System, 3–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69042-1_1.

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Delan-Forino, Clémentine, and David Tollervey. "Mapping Exosome–Substrate Interactions In Vivo by UV Cross-Linking." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 105–26. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9822-7_6.

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AbstractThe RNA exosome complex functions in both the accurate processing and rapid degradation of many classes of RNA in eukaryotes and Archaea. Functional and structural analyses indicate that RNA can either be threaded through the central channel of the exosome or more directly access the active sites of the ribonucleases Rrp44 and Rrp6, but in most cases, it remains unclear how many substrates follow each pathway in vivo. Here we describe the method for using an UV cross-linking technique termed CRAC to generate stringent, transcriptome-wide mapping of exosome–substrate interaction sites in vivo and at base-pair resolution.

Parales, Rebecca E., and Jayna L. Ditty. "Substrate Transport." In Cellular Ecophysiology of Microbe: Hydrocarbon and Lipid Interactions, 287–302. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50542-8_44.

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Punekar, N. S. "Alternate Substrate (Product) Interactions." In ENZYMES: Catalysis, Kinetics and Mechanisms, 259–66. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0785-0_23.

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Kumar, Deepak, Sandeep Kour, Mohd Ali, Roohi Sharma, Parkirti, Vikram, Harish Changotra, Rajesh Kumari Manhas, and Puja Ohri. "Interactions Between Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Other Microorganisms in the Rhizosphere and Hyphosphere." In Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Higher Plants, 37–66. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8220-2_3.

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AbstractThe ecosystem of the earth is fascinating and intricate. The interactions that occur in the soil affect its characteristics as a substrate for development and activity of soil microorganisms and plants. The majority of terrestrial plants have a symbiotic, mutually beneficial interaction with the soil fungi known as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). These microorganisms expand the root’s absorption region, which improves the plant’s ability to absorb nutrients. The symbiont gets plant carbohydrates in return for accomplishing its life cycle. Additionally, AMF aids in the adaptation of plants to biotic and abiotic challenges including salt, drought, extremely high or low temperatures, heavy metals, diseases and infections. AMF are constantly interacting with ample variety of microbes, including endo-bacteria, rhizobacteria that encourage plant growth and mycorrhiza helper bacteria, plant parasitic nematodes, fungi and other microbes inhabiting the rhizosphere and hyphosphere. Their interactions may be of utmost significance and might affect agriculture. The present chapter summarizes the main microbial community groups and their interaction with AMF in the rhizosphere and hyphosphere along with the advantageous effects of AMF on plants.

Constance, B. F., B. K. Rao, and P. Jena. "Interaction of Clusters with Substrates." In Physics and Chemistry of Finite Systems: From Clusters to Crystals, 1065–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2645-0_143.

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Schmidt, Johannes Benedikt, Jan Breitenbach, Ilia V. Roisman, and Cameron Tropea. "Interaction of Drops and Sprays with a Heated Wall." In Fluid Mechanics and Its Applications, 333–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09008-0_17.

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AbstractSpray-wall interactions take place in many technical applications such as spray cooling, combustion processes, cleaning, wetting of surfaces, coating and painting, etc. The outcome of drop impact onto hot surfaces depends on a variety of parameters like for example material and thermal properties of the liquid and wall, substrate wetting properties, surrounding conditions which determine the saturation temperature, spray impact parameters and surface temperature. The aim of the current project is to improve knowledge of the underlying physics of spray-wall interactions. As an important step towards spray impact modeling first a single drop impact onto hot substrates is considered in detail. Various regimes of single drop impact, such as thermal atomization, magic carpet breakup, nucleate boiling and thermosuperrepellency, observed at different wall temperatures, ambient pressures and impact velocities, have been investigated experimentally and modelled theoretically during the project period. The heat flux, an important parameter for spray cooling, has been modeled not only for single drop impacts but also for sprays within many regimes. The models show a good agreement with experimental data as well as data from literature.

Radha, Vegesna. "Use of Dominant-Negative/Substrate Trapping PTP Mutations to Search for PTP Interactors/Substrates." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 243–65. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3746-2_14.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Substrats interactifs":

Gulati, Suresh T. "Substrate/Washcoat Interaction in Thin Wall Ceramic Substrates." In Symposium on International Automotive Technology (SIAT99). 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/990013.

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Zhang, D., P. H. Shipway, and D. G. McCartney. "Particle-Substrate Interactions in Cold Gas Dynamic Spraying." In ITSC2003, edited by Basil R. Marple and Christian Moreau. ASM International, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2003p0045.

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Abstract Aluminium powder of 99.7wt% purity and in the nominal particle size range –75+15µm has been sprayed onto a range of substrates by cold gas dynamic spraying (cold spraying). The substrates examined include metals with a range of hardness, polymers and ceramics. The substrate surfaces had very low roughness before deposition of aluminium in an attempt to separate effects of mechanical bonding from other forms of bonding. The cross-sectional area of a single track of aluminium sprayed onto the substrate was taken as a measure of the ease of initiation of deposition, assuming that once a coating had begun to deposit onto a substrate, its growth would occur at a constant rate regardless of substrate type. It has been shown that initiation of deposition depends critically upon substrate type. For metals where initiation was not easy, then small aluminium particles were seen to be deposited preferentially to large ones (due to their higher impact velocities); these may have acted as an interlayer to promote further building of the coating. A number of phenomena have been observed following spraying onto various substrates, such as substrate melting, substrate and particle deformation and evidence for the formation of a metal-jet (akin to that seen in explosive welding). Such phenomena have been related to the processes occurring during impact of the particles on the substrate. Generally, initiation of aluminium deposition was seen to be poor for non-metallic materials (where no metallic bonding between the particle and substrate was possible) and for very soft metals (in the case of tin, melting of the substrate was observed). Metallic substrates harder than the aluminium particles generally promoted deposition, although deposition onto aluminium alloy was difficult due to the presence of a tenacious oxide layer. Initiation was seen to be rapid on hard metallic substrates, even when deformation of the substrate was not visible.

Pershin, V., I. Thomson, S. Chandra, and J. Mostaghimi. "Splashing of Nickel Droplets During Plasma Spraying." In ITSC 2000, edited by Christopher C. Berndt. ASM International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2000p0721.

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Abstract Individual splats are the building blocks of any thermal spray coating. Near the coating-substrate interface, they affect coating properties like adhesion strength. This article examines the effect of substrate heating on droplet splashing. Nickel powder was plasma-sprayed onto a polished stainless steel substrate at various temperatures and the resulting splats were analyzed. Droplet splashing was observed experimentally for three different cases: low substrate temperature, high substrate temperature, and droplet-splat interaction. Mechanisms for splashing were explained with the help of computer-generated nickel droplet impacts. The article proposes that the jetting of molten metal is not triggered by the formation of a central splat but rather a solidified ring on the periphery of the splat. It was observed that, on substrates below 350 deg C, splashing is triggered by solidification at the edge of the spreading droplet. Interactions with previously deposited splats also cause droplets to splash.

Srivatsan, V. R., and A. Dolatabadi. "Simulation of Particle-Shock Interaction in a HVOF Process." In ITSC2006, edited by B. R. Marple, M. M. Hyland, Y. C. Lau, R. S. Lima, and J. Voyer. ASM International, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2006p0289.

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Abstract High Velocity Oxygen Fuel Process (HVOF) involves supersonic two-phase flow of gas-solid particles. Two kinds of shocks are formed in a typical HVOF process. Adjustment of the over-expanded flow to the atmospheric pressure at the exit of the nozzle results in formation of shock diamonds while high speed flow impingement on a substrate creates bow shock. The latter is found to be responsible for deviation of the injected particles from their trajectories near the substrate which significantly reduces the chance of some particles landing on the substrate. An attempt is made to study the behavior of particle trajectory as it interacts with the bow shock formed near the substrate. The strength and location of bow shock was found to vary for different substrate geometries and stand-off distances. In this work, various particle sizes impinging on substrates with various configurations (flat, concave and convex) are simulated and the effect of shock diamonds and bow-shock, on particle trajectory is studied.

Sarvestani, Alireza. "A Theoretical Analysis for the Effect of Substrate Elasticity on Cellular Adhesion." In ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13311.

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Cell behavior is mediated by variety of physiochemical properties of extracellular matrix (ECM). Material composition, surface chemistry, roughness, and distribution pattern of cell adhesive proteins are among the ECM properties which are known to modulate various cellular physiological functions. Mechanical stiffness of ECM in particular is found to be a major regulator for multiple aspects of cellular function. Experiments show that cells in general, exhibit an apparent adhesion preference for stiffer substrates with a larger projected spread area with increasing the substrate stiffness. In addition, it seems that the effect of substrates elasticity is strongly coupled with adhesivity of the substrate; on relatively stiff substrates the spread area of the cells exhibits strong biphasic dependence to the changes in ligand density, whereas on soft substrates their limited spreading is much less sensitive to the density of surface ligands. This study aims to propose a theoretical basis for the interplay between substrate elasticity and cellular adhesion, using an equilibrium thermodynamic model. Within this framework, the equilibrium contact area is assumed to ensure minimization of the free energy contributed by interfacial adhesive and repulsive interactions between the membrane and substrate as well as the deformation of cell and substrate. Hence, this thermodynamic model overlooks the contribution of intracellular signaling or actively regulated cytoskeleton and assumes that cell adhesion is solely a result of the balance between the membrane-substrate repulsive potentials, stored elastic energy, binding enthalpy, and mixing entropy of mobile receptors. The predictions of this purely mechanistic model for cell adhesion qualitatively follow the experimental results featuring the variation of cell spread area on compliant bio-adhesive substrates. This suggests that the mechanistic pathways inherent to membrane-substrate interactions may be equally important as intracellular signaling pathways to mediate the cellular adhesion.

Yi-Yan, A., W. K. Chan, T. J. Gmitter, and M. Seto. "Semiconductor-grafted integrated optics." In Integrated Photonics Research. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ipr.1990.mi1.

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Epitaxial lift-off can be effectively used to transfer thin-film semiconductor layers from their parent substrate to foreign substrates that are not necessarily made of semiconductor material.1 The transferred films are bonded, without glue, to the target substrate by van der Waals forces. The potential of this technique is greatly enhanced by grafting semiconductor layers directly onto substrates with optical waveguide circuits and, additionally, by establishing optical interaction between the two.

Tomašegović, Tamara, Sanja Mahović Poljaček, Tomislav Hudika, and Andrea Marče. "Preliminary report on properties and interaction of layers in “board-biodegradable primer-printing ink” screen-printed system." In 11th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2022-p80.

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Surface phenomena in printing are extremely important for understanding and optimizing the interaction of materials involved in the process of graphic reproduction. In order to protect absorbent printing substrates from moisture penetration, to strengthen mechanical properties or to ensure better adhesion of the printing ink to the substrate, the substrates are often coated with protective coatings (primers) before printing. The adhesion parameters between the coating and the printing ink then become extremely important for assessing the durability, but also the quality of the print. In this research, biodegradable primers (polycaprolactone and polylactic acid) were applied on a board substrate with the primary aim of reducing the permeability to water vapour in combination with printed ink layers. Two types of water-based screen printing inks were printed on the primed substrates: ink prepared using the transparent base, and the ink prepared using the opaque white base. Two meshes with different screen count were used (32 l/cm and 60 l/cm). The research focused on the possibility of reducing the water vapour transmission rate using the inks and biodegradable primers, and at the same time analysing the interaction of biodegradable primers and printing inks by determining the surface and interfacial properties in the "printing substrate-primer-printing ink" system. The results of the research have contributed to the optimization of the screen-print quality on the primed absorbent and porous substrates.

Dhiman, Rajeev, and Sanjeev Chandra. "Interactions Between Molten Metal Splats Landing on a Substrate during Coating Formation." In ITSC2004, edited by Basil R. Marple and Christian Moreau. ASM International, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2004p0632.

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Abstract Interactions between multiple splats landing on a substrate was studied experimentally by photographing deformations of droplets as they land and freeze on the substrate, or previously solidified splats. Uniform-size molten tin droplets (550 µm diameter) were produced using a drop-on-demand generator. To achieve high impact velocities the stainless steel coupons used as substrates were mounted on the rim of a rotating flywheel and heated using cartridge heaters to vary substrate temperature. To hit a falling droplet with the substrate and photograph its impact, a timing circuit was used to synchronize the ejection of a droplet, triggering of the camera and a flash to provide illumination. The substrate temperature and substrate roughness significantly affected splat impact dynamics. Droplets hitting a smooth cold substrate splashed extensively whereas those hitting a hot substrate spread in the form of a smooth disc. The final splat shapes were dependent on the offset distance between the impacting droplet and the previously solidified splat. The size of fingers around the splat edge increased with the offset distance. Large pieces of metal detached from the droplet rim when the droplet hit a rough substrate whereas droplets hitting previously solidified splats splashed in a star-like shape with extremely long fingers.

Che, Hanqing, Stephen Yue, and Phuong Vo. "Investigation of Cold Spray on Polymers by Single Particle Impact Experiments." In ITSC2018, edited by F. Azarmi, K. Balani, H. Li, T. Eden, K. Shinoda, T. Hussain, F. L. Toma, Y. C. Lau, and J. Veilleux. ASM International, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2018p0173.

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Abstract Cold spray has been proved to be a viable method for metallization of polymers and polymer composites. It has been reported that the mechanism of cold spray on polymeric substrates is different from the conventional mechanism on metallic substrates (i.e. adiabatic shear instability). In this work, single particle impact experiments were performed on polymeric substrates as well as mild steel. The particle-substrate interactions on different substrates were analyzed. Based on the results, the mechanism of cold spray on polymeric substrates is discussed and compared to that on metallic substrates.

VIcek, J., H. Huber, H. Voggenreiter, A. Fischer, E. Lugscheider, H. Hallén, and G. Pache. "Kinetic Powder Compaction Applying the Cold Spray Process—A Study on Parameters." In ITSC2001, edited by Christopher C. Berndt, Khiam A. Khor, and Erich F. Lugscheider. ASM International, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2001p0417.

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Abstract Supersonic, two-phase flow of a gas/particle mixture directed towards a substrate may enable the deposition of "cold" particles onto a "cold" substrate under certain conditions. The method is commonly known as Cold Gas Dynamic Deposition or Cold Spray. Current research shows that copper can be deposited within a wide range of parameters and velocity regimes, whereas the deposition of other materials may involve difficulties depending on the material properties and substrate characteristics. Although particle velocity is recognized as being the key factor in the deposition of particles with the cold spray process, it alone cannot describe the state of the particle prior to and during impact. A simple analysis shows that the impulse of particles with equal particle velocity and size depends significantly on its density. For common engineering metals, an interval varying by up to a factor of 5 is possible considering, for example, magnesium and molybdenum. The impact force, directly dependent on the particle's impulse, governs the pressures generated during impact. In a simplified calculation, pressure values of around 3000 MPa can be very easily determined. While the particle impulse accounts for the degree of interaction - partial or complete deformation - the particle's and the substrate's lattice structure and its capacity to deform determine the type of particle substrate interaction. Depending on these properties, the substrate, the particle or both will be deformed. Evaluating impact experiments shows distinct differences between the impacts of copper, steel and aluminum particles on aluminum and steel substrates. The paper presented may be seen as a contribution to the discussion of a theory to evaluate coating and substrate combinations prior to spraying in order to predict bonding and coating build-up or to offer guidance concerning the optimum parameter set for deposition.

Звіти організацій з теми "Substrats interactifs":

Bleier, A. (Deposition and interactions of particulates on substrates). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5525416.

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Rabideau, P. Studies of metal ammonia interactions with aromatic substrates. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5174122.

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Birks, N. Coal ash deposition and interaction with metal substrates. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6559958.

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Hoitink, Harry A. J., Yitzhak Hadar, Laurence V. Madden, and Yona Chen. Sustained Suppression of Pythium Diseases: Interactions between Compost Maturity and Nutritional Requirements of Biocontrol Agents. United States Department of Agriculture, June 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568755.bard.

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Several procedures were developed that predict maturity (stability) of composts prepared from municipal solid wastes (MSW). A respirometry procedure, based O2 uptake by compost, predicted (R2=0.90) the growth response of ryegrass in composts and an acceptable level of maturity. Spectroscopic methods (CPMAS13-NMR and DRIFT spectroscopy) showed that the stabilizing compost contained increasing levels of aromatic structures. All procedures predicted acceptable plant growth after approximately 110 days of composting. MSW compost suppressed diseases caused by a broad spectrum of plant pathogens including Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium aphanidermatum and Fusarium oxysporum. A strain of Pantoea agglomerans was identified that caused lysis of hyphae of R. solani. Evidence was obtained, suggesting that thermophilic biocontrol agents also might play a role in suppression. 13C-NMR spectra revealed that the longevity of the suppressive effect against Pythium root rot was determined by the concentration of readily biodegradable carbohydrate in the substrate, mostly present as cellulose. Bacterial species capable of inducing biocontrol were replaced by those not effective as suppression was lost. The rate of uptake of 14C-acetate into microbial biomass in the conducive substrate was not significantly different from that in the suppressive substrate although specific activity was higher. The suppressive composts induced systemic acquired resistance in cucumjber roots to Pythium root rot and to anthracnose in the foliage. Composts also increased peroxidase activity in plants by the conducive substrate did not have these effects. In summary, the composition of the organic fraction determined bacterial species composition and activity in the substrate, which in turn regulated plant gene expression relative to biological control.

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Mrksich, Milan. Design of Substrates to Study the Interactions of Tumor Cells and Fibroblasts. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada417979.

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Sullivan, J. P., J. C. Barbour, P. P. Newcomer, C. A. Apblett, C. H. Seager, A. G. Baca, and D. R. Denison. Thermal stability of fluorinated SiO{sub 2} films: Effects of hydration and film-substrate interaction. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/510432.

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Dougherty, W. Understanding and targeting a novel plant viral proteinase/substrate interaction. Final report, July 1, 1989--June 30, 1995. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/108096.

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Birks, N. Coal ash deposition, interaction with metal substrates and deposit build up: Summary report, 26 February 1989--25 May 1989. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6121279.

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Katan, Jaacov, and Michael E. Stanghellini. Clinical (Major) and Subclinical (Minor) Root-Infecting Pathogens in Plant Growth Substrates, and Integrated Strategies for their Control. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568089.bard.

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In intensive agriculture, harmful soilborne biotic agents, cause severe damage. These include both typical soilborne (clinical) major pathogens which destroy plants (e.g. Fusarium and Phytophthora pathogens), and subclinical ("minor") pathogens (e.g. Olpidium and Pythium). The latter cause growth retardation and yield decline. The objectives of this study were: (1) To study the behavior of clinical (major) and subclinical (minor) pathogens in plant growth substrate, with emphasis on zoosporic fungi, such as Pythium, Olipidium and Polymyxa. (2) To study the interaction between subclinical pathogens and plants, and those aspects of Pythium biology which are relevant to these systems. (3) To adopt a holistic-integrated approach for control that includes both eradicative and protective measures, based on a knowledge of the pathogens' biology. Zoospores were demonstrated as the primary, if not the sole propagule, responsible for pathogen spread in a recirculating hydroponic cultural system, as verified with P. aphanidermatum and Phytophthora capsici. P. aphanidermatum, in contrast to Phytophthora capsici, can also spread by hyphae from plant-to-plant. Synthetic surfactants, when added to the recirculating nutrient solutions provided 100% control of root rot of peppers by these fungi without any detrimental effects on plant growth or yield. A bacterium which produced a biosurfactant was proved as efficacious as synthetic surfactants in the control of zoosporic plant pathogens in the recirculating hydroponic cultural system. The biosurfactant was identified as a rhamnolipid. Olpidium and Polymyxa are widespread and were determined as subclinical pathogens since they cause growth retardation but no plant mortality. Pythium can induce both phenomena and is an occasional subclinical pathogen. Physiological and ultrastructural studies of the interaction between Olpidium and melon plants showed that this pathogen is not destructive but affects root hairs, respiration and plant nutrition. The infected roots constitute an amplified sink competing with the shoots and eventually leading to growth retardation. Space solarization, by solar heating of the greenhouse, is effective in the sanitation of the greenhouse from residual inoculum and should be used as a component in disease management, along with other strategies.