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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Stone age Asia"

Reynolds, T. E. G. "Problems in the Stone Age of South-East Asia." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 59 (1993): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00003728.

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Whilst research has shown many faults with the Movius scheme of a Middle Pleistocene group of Chopper/Chopping tool industries in South-East Asia, it remains a fact that pebble tool industries are still the dominant characteristic of the South-East Asian record. Exploration has now revealed hundreds of Late Pleistocene and Holocene sites in Mainland South-East Asia and these are archaeologically very different from cave sites in Europe. Further problems exist with the current nomenclature of later industries, such as the Hoabinhian and the Neolithic, for there is a large amount of overlap between such assemblages. Should such factors as economy, site location, etc. be used to assist clarification of such problems?This paper outlines some of these issues and reveals that the pebble tool tradition as it is widely known in South-East Asia is a relatively recent phenomenon dating back to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). A possible reason for the change from flake to pebble tool industrial types and in the visibility of sites is the environmental changes and rise in sea level which submerged over half the available land area in the region during the Late Pleistocene. An existing broad spectrum system of exploitation was likely to have been intensified as a result of this.

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Bower, Bruce. "Stone Age Folk in Asia Adapted to Extremes." Science News 160, no. 1 (July 7, 2001): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4012559.

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Reynolds, T. E. G. "Problems in the Stone Age of South-east Asia Revisited." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 73 (2007): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00000050.

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In the 13 years since ‘Problems in the Stone Age of Southeast Asia’ was published, there has been a number of significant developments. There remains a lack of early cultural material despite the possibility that first occupation of the area may date back as far as 1.8 Myrs. It seems that the first hominins in the region were essentially ‘alithic’ in their adaptation, making the reconstruction of their behaviour extremely difficult. There is also a question as to which hominin was first ‘Out of Africa’ and into Asia and a suggestion that Homo erectus is, in fact, an Asian species that may have migrated west. This has important implications for interpretations of the significance of the so-called ‘Movius Line’. By the time stone tool use does appear regularly in the record, modern humans are present but it is still hard to identify the kinds of directional changes that are associated with the Late Pleistocene elsewhere in the world. The question of when humans were able to exploit tropical forests in the region is also one that recent work explores. The recent discoveries from Flores of stone tools that appear to pre-date the arrival of modern humans, and a possibly associated ‘dwarf’ hominin, Homo floresiensis, all require re-appraisal of the nature of human activity in the region.

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Naznin, Lubna, Debashish Saha, Md Jahangir Chowdhury, Yasmin Akter, Most Sarmin Sultana, and Ashif Chowdhury. "Composition of Renal Stone– An experience at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 12, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v12i2.41080.

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Introduction: In Asia the stone belt has been reported to stretch across our neighbouring countries Pakistan, India, Myanmar etc signifies a higher incidence of renal stone disease in Bangladesh. Objective: To determine the pattern of chemical composition of renal stones by semi-quantitative technique in patients presented to Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) and to evaluate the predominant constituent present in them. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Chemical pathology department from October 2013 to October 2014. Renal stones of 37 Urolithiasis patients were analyzed chemically, using DiaSys analysis kit, employing titrimetric method for estimation of calcium and colorimetric method for Oxalate, Ammonium, Phosphate, Magnesium, Uric Acid and Cystine. Concentration of each individual component then was expressed in percentage and used to interpret renal stone composition using the calculation scale. Results: Males were more prone to renal stone disease, having male to female ratio 5.2:1. Urinary stones occur in all age groups, in this study age ranged from 4 to 72 years with mean age 38.8±16.0 years and mostly affected was the working age group 21 to 50 years (70.2%). Mixed components (i.e. mixed stone) rather than a single component was the commonest type constituting 83.8% of all renal stones. The commonest mixed stone found was Calcium Oxalate with Apatite (41.9 %). Pure Calcium Oxalate was the 2nd most common (10.8%) variant followed by Struvite stones (5.4%). Cystine and Brushite were the least common renal stones in this study. Conclusion: Calcium Oxalate was the most predominant chemical component in renal stones (94.6%). More research is needed to assess the frequency, types, and correlation of renal stones with environmental, dietary and genetic factors in Bangladesh. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.12(2) 2016: 21-25

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Murodova. "The Landscape Factor in the Development of Ancient Stone Age Settlements." Bulletin of Science and Practice 7, no. 8 (August 15, 2021): 400–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/69/45.

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The article highlights long-term studies and the source materials obtained from them on the archeology of the Stone Age in Uzbekistan, which is an important component of Central Asia. Based on the analysis, the role and importance of natural landscapes as the main factor in the development of natural landscapes and areas of settlement by ancient communities of the Stone Age are shown.

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Djurakulova, Dilfuza. "Problems of the Genesis of Ancient Stone Age Industries in Central Asia." Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems 12, no. 05-SPECIAL ISSUE (May 30, 2020): 1153–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5373/jardcs/v12sp5/20201868.

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Khudiakov, Yu S. "Finding of a Stone Stele with Rare Decoration at the Rschaan-Udsuer-Had Burial Ground in Mongolia." Problems of Archaeology, Ethnography, Anthropology of Siberia and Neighboring Territories 27 (2021): 716–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17746/2658-6193.2021.27.0716-0718.

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The article is intended to analyze and study a rare finding of a small stone stele found on a surface of archaeological site Rschaan-Udsuer-Had in Mongolia in the beginning of the 1980s. During the archaeological research consisting of the Soviet-Mongolian Historical and Cultural Expedition, the author had a chance to inspect this archaeological site, on the surface of which a low stele with an unconventional decoration was found. A narrow perpendicular stripe dividing the stone base into two unequal parts is embossed on the stone stele. A small circle is embossed on the front-end surface of a smaller part of the stone stele. Possibly, the stone stele may symbolize an ancient anthropomorphic character. Other various ancient objects were found in the site, related to different archaeological cultures. They include an ancient mound khirigsuur, menhirs, and plate entombment of the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age located in the Central Asia. We have some reasons to suggest that the stone stele under study, divided by a perpendicular stripe and having an embossed circle on the front-end part, was used to schematically represent an ancient warrior, in whose memory it could be installed. In contrast to the “deer stones”, whereon different kinds of weaponry and military equipment including bows, arrows, gorytoses, swords, and daggers, are represented, this stele does not contain such images. It is possible that this rare finding of the stone stele should be related to pseudo anthropomorphic stone plates preceding ancient and medieval tradition of installing anthropomorphic stone statues.

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Nesterkina, A. L., A. A. Portnova, A. A. Fedorova, and L. Yondri. "The Megalithic Tradition of East and Southeast Asia." Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia 50, no. 3 (October 5, 2022): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17746/1563-0110.2022.50.3.039-048.

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We review the scholarship relating to the megalithic tradition of East and Southeast Asia and the results of its archaeological study. The major center of this tradition in East Asia is Korea, where it reveals considerable heterogeneity. In the Bronze Age, it is represented by dolmens and menhirs, and in the later periods by stone tombs, chambers, and pyramidal mounds. The latest megaliths are anthropomorphic statues of the Dolhareubang type, on Jeju Island off the southern tip of the Korean peninsula. Southeast Asian megaliths, which are described in detail, originate from similar structures in East and South Asia while being less known and less accurately dated, and revealing specific features of construction. Owing to the ethnographic sources on local peoples, Southeast Asian megaliths provide valuable data on their layout, function, and associated mythology. We demonstrate common features in megalithic traditions of East and Southeast Asia and their specificity in each region. Principal sources are described, and major trends in the study of megaliths in those territories are outlined. In sum, megaliths of East and Southeast Asia are an independent archaeological phenomenon requiring future studies.

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KIRCHO, L. "OLDEST SEALS OF CENTRAL ASIA (TYPOLOGY, MATERIAL, MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY)." TRANSACTIONS OF THE INSTITUTE FOR THE HISTORY OF MATERIAL CULTURE Russian Academy of Sciences 23 (2020): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/2310-6557-2020-23-24-36.

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The paper deals with systematization of the oldest Central Asian seals that were found at the late Middle Eneolithic — Early Bronze Age settlements of South Turkmenistan. Stone and terracotta flat «seals-amulets» (with a hole in the upper part — fig. 1, 4–13) are characteristic of the Late Eneolithic (Namazga III period, ca. 3150–2800/2700 BC). Images on the front sides of these objects are made by incised lines and/or pyramidal depressions forming cruciform «stepped» patterns. Such «seals-amulets» are known exclusively from Central Asian sites. Flat «seals-buttons» (with two holes in the center) made of clay and bone appear at the very end of the Late Eneolithic (ca. 2800s BC). As is evidenced by the stratigraphy of Altyn-depe, the stone seals of this type are mainly characteristic of the Early Bronze Age (Namazga IV period, ca. 2800/2700–2400/2300 BC). Images on the front sides of «seals-buttons» are made by both incising/engraving (fig. 1, 1–3; 3, 3, 5, 10, 12, 14, 15, 23) and shallow spot drilling (fig. 2, 4, 6–9, 21, 22). «Seals-stamps» (with a suspension eye on the rear side) of terracotta and copper date from the beginning of Early Bronze Age. They bear patterns of drawn lines (fig. 2, 10) or lines combining with circles made by a hollow drill (fig. 2, 11, 13). However, judging by the imprints (fig. 3, 2, 4, 7, 9), the earliest «seals-stamps» were manufactured as early as the end of the Late Eneolithic. Metal «seals- stamps» with high embossed images made in the lost-mould casting technique appear at the very end of the Early Bronze Age (fig. 2, 1) and are characteristic of the Midle Bronze Age (Namazga V period, ca. 2350–2000/1900s BC).

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Wang, Hoyoung, Hoonsub So, Sung Woo Ko, Seok Won Jung, Sung-Jo Bang, and Eun Ji Park. "Gallstone Is Associated with Metabolic Factors and Exercise in Korea." Healthcare 10, no. 8 (July 24, 2022): 1372. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10081372.

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Gallstone is a common health problem. Cholesterol stone accounts for 90% of stones in the United States and Europe, but East Asia has a high proportion of pigment stone. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between modifiable metabolic factors and gallstone in a region with a high prevalence of pigment stone. Among 3159 participants who underwent health screening at Ulsan University Hospital from March 2014 to June 2019, 178 patients were diagnosed with gallstone using abdominal ultrasonography; 2860 participants were selected as a control group. Demographic and laboratory data, and a medical questionnaire were obtained. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were more prevalent in the gallstone group. Age, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c ≥ 6.5%, visceral fat index, normal-attenuated muscle area index, and engaging in vigorous exercise for ≥2 days per week were associated with gallstone by univariate analysis. Through multivariate logistic regression analysis, HbA1c ≥ 6.5% (odds ratio (OR) 1.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.31–2.98), and 2 or more days of vigorous exercise per week (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.45–0.95) remained significant. The association persisted after adjusted analysis for age and sex. HbA1c ≥ 6.5% were positively associated with the gallstone. Vigorous exercise for at least 2 days weekly may be related to a lower risk of gallstone formation.

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Дисертації з теми "Stone age Asia"

Löfving, Axel. "Tingsplatsens ordning : Tingsväsendets organiserande roll i svensk vikingatid." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Arkeologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-30953.

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This essay provides a study of five Swedish locales in the Mälar Valley and Öland, namely Arkels tingstad, Aspa löt, Tingstad flisor, Anundshög and Signhilds kulle/Fornsigtuna, and their possible use as sites of Viking Age thing assemblies. Historical texts, place names and archaeological excavations are queried through the aid of a theoretical assemblage drawing on De Landa, Deleuze & Guattari, as well as Icelandic, British and Scandinavian research. Following this, I propose that the locales chosen as thing sites were communicational nexuses localised on commons in borderzones between land domains. Thus, space commonly understood as in the elite's periphery insteadbecomes of central importance.

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Книги з теми "Stone age Asia"

A short history of Asia: Stone age to 2000 AD. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2000.

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Henshall, Kenneth G. A history of Japan: From stone age to superpower. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999.

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A history of Japan: From stone age to superpower. 2nd ed. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.

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Henshall, Kenneth G. A history of Japan: From stone age to superpower. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave, 1999.

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Dikov, N. N. Early cultures of Northeastern Asia. Anchorage, Alaska: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Shared Beringian Heritage Program, 2004.

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Dikov, Nikolaĭ Nikolaevich. Asia at the juncture with America in antiquity: The Stone age of the Chukchi Peninsula. St. Petersburg: "Nauka", 1993.

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Dikov, Nikolaĭ Nikolaevich. Asia at the juncture with America in antiquity: The Stone age of the Chukchi Peninsula. St. Petersburg: "Nauka", 1993.

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Dikov, Nikolaĭ Nikolaevich. Asia at the juncture with America in antiquity: The Stone age of the Chukchi Peninsula. St. Petersburg: "Nauka", 1993.

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Ohel, Milla Y. The Acheulean of the Yiron Plateau, Israel. Oxford, England: B.A.R., 1986.

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Cook, J. The Carlyle collection of stone age artefacts from Central India. London: Dept. of Prehistoric and Romano-British Antiquities, British Museum, 1994.

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Частини книг з теми "Stone age Asia"

Pitulko, Vladimir. "Holocene Stone Age of Northeastern Asia." In Encyclopedia of Prehistory, 46–58. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1191-5_8.

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Vasilevski, Alexander, and Vyacheslav Grishchenko. "Stone Age People in the Insular World: Stability and Migrations on Sakhalin, Hokkaido and the Kuril Islands." In Maritime Prehistory of Northeast Asia, 125–54. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1118-7_6.

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Lo, Betty. "Decorative Techniques in Oriental Swords: Savoir Faire in Craftsmanship and Artistry." In Martial Culture and Historical Martial Arts in Europe and Asia, 239–79. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2037-0_8.

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AbstractOne important aspect in the study and appreciation of arms is the techniques and methods for their decoration. The wide range of materials and techniques used in the creation of swords and daggers were intended to add to the aesthetic qualities of functional items, either for everyday or ceremonial use. Throughout the ages, beautiful swords and daggers were worn by the elite and were presented to warriors and courtiers as gifts to symbolize victory, honor, virility, and to reinforce the bond of loyalty. They were also worn by men as jewelry of prestige and status. Techniques used by artisans to embellish these swords and bladed weapons are the subject of this paper. Examples from museums and private collections are selected to demonstrate the exquisite craftsmanship of gilding and coloring, inlay and damascening, stone and gem-setting, embossing, chasing and engraving, enameling, 3D carving, wiring and filigree, etching and openwork. This chapter focuses on how these techniques were used to produce distinctive details of decorated antique swords and daggers of Eastern origins from the Ottoman empire, Persia, and India.

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Jaquet, Daniel. "Martial Arts Knowledge on and Beyond the Page: From Visual Mantras to Hyperrealism with Words and Brushes." In Martial Culture and Historical Martial Arts in Europe and Asia, 283–96. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2037-0_9.

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AbstractMartial arts are cultural phenomena shaped by the societies in which they develop. They were—and still are—transmitted through interpersonal exchanges, from body to body. Martial arts experts use speech for devising these martial skills into complex systems of bodily knowledge. Once the systems are complex or vast enough to be verbalized, they are transmitted through bodies and speech with mnemotechnical texts such as poems, codified knowledge canons or a constellation of technical words associated with metaphors or images. Some of these mantras (mnemonic devices) found their way into writing or depiction. This process is a translation (transcription) from speech to the page, or to depiction. The written word or the depiction of bodies fighting on a wall, a painted canvas, or embedded into a sculpture, endures through time and survives the masters who created them. However, in most cases, those who wrote the words painted the images, or sculpted the stone were not the martial art experts themselves. The documents, depictions, and sculptures preserved for the study of martial arts culture of the past must be explored while taking into account the perspective of those who created them. Based on previous research about the circulation of knowledge based on the dissemination of European fight books, this contribution allows for a new approach to categorization of martial arts knowledge, on and beyond the page, with a focus on early modern fight books.

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Chao, Hing. "Dialogue with Roberto Gotti: An Initial Foray into Comparing Chinese and Italian Two-Handed Sword Methods." In Martial Culture and Historical Martial Arts in Europe and Asia, 329–67. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2037-0_12.

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AbstractSword culture is a complex phenomenon that encompasses the dimensions of sword-making and polishing, sword appreciation, technical skills associated with the use of the sword, i.e., swordsmanship, as well as the written and oral traditions related to the transmission of fencing. In recent years, this diverse heritage in China and Italy has drawn increasing attention from both professional scholars and the historical martial art community. However, efforts to directly compare Asian and European historical fencing and sword culture are extremely rare. Written in the form of a dialogue with the pioneering researcher Maestro Roberto Gotti, who has been at the forefront of reconstructing Renaissance Italian martial arts for the past two decades, this study is an initial foray to compare Chinese and Italian two-handed sword traditions of the early modern period (circa 1400–1630). At the same time, the author recognizes the inherent challenges to such an undertaking, such as the fact Italian and Chinese martial arts have come down to us in very different states. While Chinese martial arts continue to be practiced as a living art, Italian martial arts have mainly survived in written form. On the other hand, notwithstanding the difficulties in interpretation, Italy has preserved far more documents from which contemporary scholars may seek to uncover the past. At the same time, there are numerous differences in the way fencing knowledge was recorded, which creates an additional layer of complexity for cross-cultural comparison. In summary, considering all the difficulties inherent in this research, the findings presented here are tentative and meant to stimulate discussion and further research—no more than “throwing a stone to attract jade” as the Chinese saying goes—rather than serve as a definitive comparative statement of Chinese and Italian swordsmanship. The reader is encouraged to read Gotti’s The Dynamic Sphere: Thesis on the Third State of the Vitruvian Man and the reply to this study, jointly written by Gotti and Penso (appended to the end of this chapter), in order to form a more complete view of the dialogue.

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Rosa, Alexandre Coello De La. "Jesuit Missionary Work in the Mariana Islands (1668–1769)." In Historical Archaeology of Early Modern Colonialism in Asia-Pacific. University Press of Florida, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813054759.003.0009.

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Placing the Jesuit missions into a global phenomenon that emphasizes economic and cultural relations between Europe and the East, this chapter analyzes the possibilities and limitations of religious conversion in the Micronesian islands of Guam and the Marianas. With the establishment of these strategic missions placed at the route of the Manila’s Galleon, Guam and the Marianas were drawn politically, ideologically, and economically into the larger Spanish colonial world. This chapter contributes to understanding both the role of the Jesuits’ global mission and the origins of global consciousness in the “Pacific world” from the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries. An understanding of the “Pacific world,” one of great diversity and territorial dispersion, will, as Professor John H. Elliot has argued, allow us to transcend anachronistic national and regional boundaries and write a transnational history on one of the most dynamic regions of the Hispaniarum Rex. In doing so, this chapter focuses not only on the archival research but also on the profiting of archaeological excavations—stone forts, churches, and shipwrecks—and cultural anthropology. This interdisciplinary approach helps us analyze and understand the effects of the evangelization process in the age of European colonial expansion and commercial capitalism.

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O'Brien, William. "Europe: The Birthplace of Mining?" In Prehistoric Copper Mining in Europe. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199605651.003.0006.

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The origins of mining extend back several million years to when the first hominines in Africa, and subsequently in Europe and Asia, used their bare hands to collect loose rock to make stone tools. This gradually evolved into the systematic collection of rocks with desired properties, as well as an interest in earth minerals such as iron ochre. A desire for these substances led in some cases to more organized collection, involving surface quarrying and eventually underground mining. This activity increased significantly in Europe with the adoption of farming after 7000 BC in the Neolithic period. There is evidence for highly organized mining of flint and other hard rocks to make stone axes and other tools at centres such as Grimes Graves in England, Spiennes in Belgium, and Casa Montero near Madrid, among many others. Mining is also the process by which metal was obtained from the Earth’s surface. Metal objects were first made in the Middle East approximately 10,000 years ago; however, the oldest known copper mines are recorded in Europe. The discovery there of thousands of copper, bronze, and gold objects is a strong indicator that the mining of these metals was a widespread activity during the late prehistoric period. This began with the first use of copper and gold in what is known as the Chalcolithic (‘Copper Age’), which occurred in different regions between the sixth and third millennia BC. Technical advances and growing demand for metal led to the widespread adoption of bronze by 2000 BC, or soon afterwards. This was made possible by the discovery of copper and tin sources in many parts of Europe. Some of these were mined intensively over long periods during the Bronze Age that followed, while others were worked on a smaller scale. The copper produced was supplied to areas without their own resources, creating trade networks that provided economic opportunities and played an important role in cultural exchanges across the Continent. This book is concerned with the prehistory of copper mining and its important place in shaping European societies during the period 5500–500 BC.

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Hunter, Douglas. "Altogether Ignorant." In Place of Stone. University of North Carolina Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469634401.003.0003.

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This chapter trace the rise of scholarly misinterpretations of Dighton Rock in the eighteenth century in writings of Cotton Mather and Harvard professors Isaac Greenwood, John Winthrop, and Stephen Sewall. The parallel evolution of human migration theories is traced in the writing of Jean-François Lafitau. Gothicism, a fusion of White race destiny, Noachic lineage, culture, republican liberty, and civilization, is introduced through the works of Olf Rudbeks, Pierre-Henri Mallet, and the Baron de Montesquieu. Ideas about Indigenous origins and human evolution are presented by the Comte de Buffon. Ezra Stiles includes Dighton Rock in his ideas about ancient Hebrew and Phoenician migrants. Phoenicians become the leading candidates for the rock’s markings. Contributions to migration theories are noted by Pehr Kalm and Johann Forster. Linnaeus, a protégé of Rudbeks’ son, develops his human racial scheme with Europeans a superior race, with further refinements by Johann F. Blumenbach and Christoph Meiners. Gothicist Europeans are championed as the superior human form while Indigenous people are thought to have descended from inferior Asian Tartars.

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"10. STONERS, STONES, AND DRONES. Transnational South Asian Visuality from Above and Below." In Life in the Age of Drone Warfare, 241–58. Duke University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780822372813-012.

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Aktor, Mikael. "Five Stones – Four Rivers – One Town: The Hindu Pañcāyatanapūjā." In Soulless Matter, Seats of Energy: Metals, Gems and Minerals in South Asian Traditions, 3–27. Equinox Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/equinox.29650.

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The pañcāyatanapūjā is a worship of five deities, Devī, Sūrya, Gaṇeśa, Viṣṇu and Śiva, in a manner in which the affiliation of the worshipper, e.g. as Vaiṣṇava, Śaiva, Śākta etc., determines which of the five will be placed at the centre of the tray on which the deities are placed. But in addition, the deities are worshipped here not in their anthropomorphic forms but in their aniconic forms as five stones. Each of the stones originates from a particular location, four of them in a river, one near a town. Like the great pan-Indian pilgrimage circuits the geographical extent of these locations covers the whole of South Asia from the Gandaki River in northern Nepal to Vallam Town in Tamil Nadu. The chapter examines each of these stones – their visual qualities and their mythological and iconographical associations with their respective deities, the collection, manufacturing and marketing, as well as their present ritual use. It will bring to light the significance of this inclusive ritual in the historical context of sectarian conflicts, and it will include an analysis based on a discussion of petromorphic aniconicity in the theoretical context of human cognition of the natural world.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Stone age Asia"

Dubova, Nadezhda, Alexey Fribus, Sergey Grushin, Robert Sataev, and Viktor Turik. "Large stone items from Margiana (Turkmenistan, bronze age): location and diversity of forms." In Antiquities of East Europe, South Asia and South Siberia in the context of connections and interactions within the Eurasian cultural space (new data and concepts). Institute for the History of Material Culture Russian Academy of Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907053-34-2-51-53.

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Lapshina, Zoya. "THE BIBLICAL IMAGE OF A SNAKE IN THE CONTENT MODEL OF THE COSMOS STONE AGE (BASED ON ROCK ART OF THE LOWER AMUR)." In ORTHODOXY AND DIPLOMACY IN THE ASIA-PACIFIC REGION. Buryat State University Publishing Department, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18101/978-5-9793-0756-5-88-97.

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Agakhanova, Vitaliya, Anatoliy Yuminov, and Yazgul Terkisheva. "Minerals and rocks from which large stone items were made in the bronze age Margiana and possible places of their mining." In Antiquities of East Europe, South Asia and South Siberia in the context of connections and interactions within the Eurasian cultural space (new data and concepts). Institute for the History of Material Culture Russian Academy of Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907053-34-2-55-56.

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Dutkiewicz, E., and C. Bentz. "SIGNBASE: A DATA-DRIVEN APPROACH TO ABSTRACT SIGNS IN THE PALEOLITHIC." In Знаки и образы в искусстве каменного века. Международная конференция. Тезисы докладов [Электронный ресурс]. Crossref, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25681/iaras.2019.978-5-94375-308-4.13-14.

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In the Paleolithic around 100,000 to 10,000 years ago, abstract motives also referred to as signs, patterns, or marks are abundant in parietal art as well as on mobile objects. In the case of parietal art, several studies have been dealing with such abstract signs. However, studies scrutinizing signs on mobile objects, such as figurines, tools, or personal ornaments, are rare and mostly limited to either single objects, or to particular assemblages. Our project SignBase aims to enable large-scale comparisons by collecting abstract motives on mobile objects from all over the European Paleolithic, the African Middle Stone Age, as well as further finds of the Near East and South East Asia. In contrast to the chronological difficulties of dating parietal art, abstract motives on mobile objects are usually well dated, at least with reference to the given techno-complexes. Our project ultimately aims to enable quantitative comparative studies on the development of abstract graphical expressions before the emergence of writing systems. This includes the application of classification algorithms allowing us to study the signs in geographical and chronological dimensions. Furthermore, while any inference about their meaning is inevitably speculative, information-theoretic analyses can shed light on the evolution of their information encoding potential and compare it to later graphical behavior such as early written language.

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Рукавишникова, И. В. "OBJECTS OF ANCIENT ART IN CENTRAL ASIA: THE SEARCH FOR THE ORIGIN OF ELEMENTS OF THE EARLY ANIMAL STYLE (the work of the Tuva expedition of the IA RAS)." In Труды Сибирской Ассоциации исследователей первобытного искусства. Crossref, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25681/iaras.2019.978-5-202-01433-8.291-300.

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В статье обобщаются результаты исследований курганов раннего железного века в Туве с применением аэрофотосъемки для поиска курганов начала I тыс. до н. э., близких по конструкции кургану Аржан-1. Был выявлен курган Аржан-5, находящийся вблизи кургана Аржан-1. Курганная каменная насыпь сильно повреждена, но сохранилась каменно-деревянная конструкция, как и в Аржане-1, и предметы упряжи в зверином стиле. После проведения анализа проб деревянных конструкций, состава бронз и антропологических определений удалось сделать вывод, что Аржан-5 принадлежит к кругу Аржана-1, формирует с ним единую группу курганов и связан общей историей. Выделяется хронологический горизонт археологической культуры Аржана-1, когда уже создаются шедевры древнего искусства архаичного звериного стиля. The paper summarizes the results of the study of the Early Iron Age burial mounds in Tuva using aerial photography for searching constructions from the beginning of the first millennium BC, which are similar in design to the Arzhan-1 mound. The Arzhan-5 mound was revealed, located near the Arzhan-1. It was badly damaged, but the stone-wooden structure has survived and the harness in the animal style was preserved, just like in Arzhan-1. Due to analysis of the samples from wooden structures, of the composition of bronzes and to the anthropological identification, it become possible to conclude that Arzhan-5 belongs to the Arzhan-1 circle they form a single group of mounds and have a common history. The chronological horizon of the archaeological culture of Arzhan-1 is highlighted, when masterpieces of the ancient art of the archaic animal style are already being created.

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Shmidt, I. "CHERNOOZERSKY ORNAMENTAL MOTIF IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF SEMIOTIC RESEARCH." In Знаки и образы в искусстве каменного века. Международная конференция. Тезисы докладов [Электронный ресурс]. Crossref, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25681/iaras.2019.978-5-94375-308-4.30-31.

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A thing made by man is a kind of coded message about him, the group which he lives in, and a thesis expression of their views on the world. According to the fair remark of Lotman, any such message is reasonable to perceive as superlingual organization (Lotman, 2004). It makes the reading of these messages a complicated process. We face texts that are not based on linguistic principles. If the archaeologist-interpreter expands the methodological horizon of the analysis to the level of semiot-ics, the objects-texts can demonstrate their linguistic specific. This is especially felt when working with paleo-ornaments. The corpus of sources characterizing the Chernoozersky ornamental tradition of the Paleolithic finale in the South of Western Siberia was formed in 19701972 (Gening, Petrin, 1985 Petrin, 1986). Attention to them declined significantly after the first presentations and further to the mid-80s. Much later attempts were made to semantic interpretation of the Chernoozersky dagger ornament in the key of paleocalendaristics (Shmidt, 2004 2005). The work in this direction had to be stopped due to the awareness of the complexity of the code and, despite the existing methods of verification, the lack of confidence in its relevance. At the moment, research is being conducted on the analysis of the collection objects, but in a broader semiotic way, focusing not on their content (which is the purpose of semantics), but on the order and features of the reading of these texts. The preliminary results of the research actualize the arguments about the intercultural (intergroup) dialogues of those distant times, the contextuality of the birth and the genesis of ornaments, to identify their territorial and local variability (Shmidt, 2017a 2017b). Lotman, Ju. M. (2004). Semiosfera. SPb.: Iskusstvo-SPB . Gening, V. F., Petrin, V. T. (1985). Pozdnepaleoliticheskaja jepoha na juge Zapadnoj Sibiri. Novosibirsk: Nauka. Petrin, V. T. (1986). Paleoliticheskie pamjatniki Zapadno-Sibirskoj ravniny. Novosibirsk: Nauka. Shmidt, I. V. (2004). Predvaritelnoe soobshhenie ob informacionnyh vozmozhnostjah ornamenta chernoozerskogo kinzhala. In Shestye istoricheskie chtenija pamjati M.P. Grjaznova. Materialy vserossijskoj nauchnoj konferencii (pp. 152156). Omsk: OmGU. Ob informacionnom haraktere Chernoozerskogo ornamentа (na primere analiza zapisej kinzhala). Izvestija OGIK muzeja, Vyp. 11, 98105. Shmidt, I. V. (2017a). The chernoozersky ornamental pattern: Reconstruction of evolution. In Program of international Workshop and Conference Great shigir idol in the context of North Eurasia stone age art. Ekaterinburg, June 1216, 2017 (pp. 4344). Ekaterinburg. Shmidt, I. V. (2017b). Paleolithic ornaments of North Asia: Notes on iconography research. Universum Humanitarium, 2, 4555.

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Bhat, Raj Nath. "Language, Culture and History: Towards Building a Khmer Narrative." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2019. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2019.3-2.

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Genetic and geological studies reveal that following the melting of snows 22,000 years ago, the post Ice-age Sundaland peoples’ migrations as well as other peoples’ migrations spread the ancestors of the two distinct ethnic groups Austronesian and Austroasiatic to various East and South–East Asian countries. Some of the Austroasiatic groups must have migrated to Northeast India at a later date, and whose descendants are today’s Munda-speaking people of Northeast, East and Southcentral India. Language is the store-house of one’s ancestral knowledge, the community’s history, its skills, customs, rituals and rites, attire and cuisine, sports and games, pleasantries and sorrows, terrain and geography, climate and seasons, family and neighbourhoods, greetings and address-forms and so on. Language loss leads to loss of social identity and cultural knowledge, loss of ecological knowledge, and much more. Linguistic hegemony marginalizes and subdues the mother-tongues of the peripheral groups of a society, thereby the community’s narratives, histories, skills etc. are erased from their memories, and fabricated narratives are created to replace them. Each social-group has its own norms of extending respect to a hearer, and a stranger. Similarly there are social rules of expressing grief, condoling, consoling, mourning and so on. The emergence of nation-states after the 2nd World War has made it imperative for every social group to build an authentic, indigenous narrative with intellectual rigour to sustain itself politically and ideologically and progress forward peacefully. The present essay will attempt to introduce variants of linguistic-anthropology practiced in the West, and their genesis and importance for the Asian speech communities. An attempt shall be made to outline a Khymer narrative with inputs from Khymer History, Art and Architecture, Agriculture and Language, for the scholars to take into account, for putting Cambodia on the path to peace, progress and development.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Stone age Asia"

Corriveau-Bourque, Alexandre, Fernanda Almeida, and Alain Frechette. Uncertainty and Opportunity: The Status of Forest Carbon Rights and Governance Frameworks in Over Half of the World’s Tropical Forests. Rights and Resources Initiative, March 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.53892/fnpn5361.

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Most of the world’s remaining tropical forests lie in areas that are customarily managed and/or legally owned by Indigenous Peoples and local communities. In the context of climate change and global efforts to protect and enhance the capacity of forests to capture and store greenhouse gas emissions, the question of who owns the trees and the carbon stored therein is paramount. Clarifying this question is crucial, both for the future of the planet, and for up to 1.7 billion people worldwide who rely on forests for their livelihoods. This brief presents a review of the nominal progress made in the national-level laws and regulations that govern the carbon trade and define the rights of parties —across a sample of 24 countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America. These countries collectively hold more than 50 percent of global tropical and subtropical forests. This brief also examines the design and establishment of safeguard mechanisms concerning benefit sharing, providing redress and resolution to disputes related to carbon-based schemes, and the operationalization of carbon registries for each of these countries.

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