Готові списки джерел за темами / Steele fibre

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Steele fibre"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022
Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Steele fibre"

1

Hasham, Md, V. Reddy Srinivasa, M. V. Seshagiri Rao, and S. Shrihari. "Flexural behaviour of basalt fibred concrete slabs made with basalt fibre reinforced polymer rebars." E3S Web of Conferences 309 (2021): 01055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130901055.

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Анотація:
In this paper, the flexural behaviour of M30 grade basalt fibred concrete slabs made with basalt fibre reinforced polymer rebars are studied and compared with slabs made with steel rebars. The optimum percentage of basalt is 0.3% for 50mm length basalt fibres. Due to high particle packing density in concrete made with basalt fibre micro cracks are prevented due to enhanced fatigue and stress dissipation capacity. Addition of basalt fibres to enhances the energy absorbtion capacity or toughness thereby enhancing the resistance to local damage and spalling. Addition of basalt fibres controlled the crack growth and crack width. Load at first crack of M30 grade basalt fibred concrete slabs made with basalt fibre reinforced polymer rebars is more than M30 grade conventional concrete slabs made with steel rebars because the with addition of basalt and BFRP bars will make either the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) strong or due to bond strength of concrete slabs made with basalt fibre reinforced polymer rebars. The ultimate strength in M30 grade basalt fibred concrete slabs made with basalt fibre reinforced polymer rebars is more than conventional concrete slabs made with steel rebars. Deflection at the centre of M30 grade basalt fibred concrete slabs made with basalt fibre reinforced polymer rebars is almost double than the conventional concrete slabs made with steel rebars. Toughness indices evaluated for M30 grade basalt fibred concrete slabs made with basalt fibre reinforced polymer rebars indicates that basalt fibre and BFRP bars will enhance the energy absorbtion capacity of slabs.
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2

Kahanji, C., F. Ali, and A. Nadjai. "Explosive spalling of ultra-high performance fibre reinforced concrete beams under fire." Journal of Structural Fire Engineering 7, no. 4 (December 12, 2016): 328–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsfe-12-2016-023.

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Purpose The purpose of the study was to investigate the spalling phenomenon in ultra-high performance fibre reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) beams on exposure to a standard fire curve (ISO 834) under a sustained load. Design/methodology/approach The variables in this study were steel fibre dosage, polypropylene (PP) fibres and loading levels. The research investigated seven beams – three of which contained steel fibres with 2 vol.%, another three had steel fibres with 4 vol.% dosage and the seventh beam had a combination of steel fibres (2 vol.%) and PP fibres (4 kg/m3). The beams were tested for 1 h under three loading levels (20, 40 and 60 per cent) based on the ambient temperature ultimate flexural strength of the beam. Findings Spalling was affected by the loading levels; it exacerbated under the load level of 40 per cent, whereas under the 60 per cent load level, significantly less spalling was recorded. Under similar loading conditions, the beams containing steel fibres with a dosage of 4 vol.% spalled less than the beams with fibre contents of 2 vol.%. This was attributed to the additional tensile strength provided by the excess steel fibres. The presence of PP fibres eliminated spalling completely. Originality/value There is insufficient research into the performance of UHPFRC beams at elevated temperature, as most studies have largely focussed on columns, slabs and smaller elements such as cubes and cylinders. This study provides invaluable information and insights of the influence of parameters such as steel fibre dosage, PP fibres, loading levels on the spalling behaviour and fire endurance of UHPFRC beams.
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3

Głodkowska, Wiesława, and Janusz Kobaka. "THE MODEL OF BRITTLE MATRIX COMPOSITES FOR DISTRIBUTION OF STEEL FIBRES / PLIENINIŲ FIBRŲ PASISKIRSTYMO KOMPOZITUOSE SU TRAPIOMIS MATRICOMIS MODELIS." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 18, no. 1 (February 8, 2012): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2012.657405.

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Анотація:
The paper deals with the distribution of steel fibres in the mineral composite of fine aggregate. The authors have proposed the distribution of steel fibres in a composite space model based on statistical grounds. The model provides for the randomness of fibre distribution in composite space in accordance with the adopted probability distribution. The developed model has been experimentally verified. The results concerning the distribution of steel fibres in mineral com- posite have been obtained from the statistical model and compared with those of the model frequently applied by other au- thors on the basis of geometric grounds. Good compatibility of steel fibre distribution for a description of both models has been ascertained. As the amount of fibres influences the strength of composite tensile, the relationship between the above introduced feature and the quantity of fibres in the cross-section located nearby tensile failure surface has been developed with reference to the experimental tests. Santrauka Straipsnyje analizuojamas plieninių fibrų pasiskirstymas kompozite su mineraliniais užpildais. Autoriai pasiūlė plieninių fibrų pasiskirstymo kompozite modelį, grįstą statistine analize. Fibrų pasiskirstymas matricoje nagrinėjamas kaip atsitiktinis dydis, pasiskirstęs pagal tikimybinį skirstinį. Modelis yra eksperimentiškai patikrintas: plieninių fibrų pasiskirstymas kompozito matricoje pagal siūlomą statistinį modelį buvo palygintas su kitų autorių tyrimų rezultatais, taikant modelius, grįstus geometriniais pagrindais. Gauti rezultatai sutampa gerai. Kadangi plieninių fibrų kiekis turi įtakos kompozito tempiamajam stipriui, pateikta eksperimentiniais tyrimais pagrįsta priklausomybė tarp fibrų kiekio ir kompozito tempiamojo stiprio.
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Gribniak, Viktor, Pui-Lam Ng, Vytautas Tamulenas, Ieva Misiūnaitė, Arnoldas Norkus, and Antanas Šapalas. "Strengthening of Fibre Reinforced Concrete Elements: Synergy of the Fibres and External Sheet." Sustainability 11, no. 16 (August 17, 2019): 4456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11164456.

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Анотація:
In structural rehabilitation and strengthening, the structural members are often required to cope with larger design loading due to the upgrading of building services and design standard, while maintaining the member size to preserve the architectural dimensions and headroom. Moreover, durability enhancement by mitigating or eliminating the reinforcement corrosion problem is often desired. Concrete cracking is a major initiating and accelerating factor of the corrosion of steel reinforcement. The application of fibres is a prominent solution to the cracking problem. Furthermore, the fibres can increase the mechanical resistance of the strengthening systems. This study reveals the synergy effect of the combined application of steel fibres and external carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets. The investigation encompasses the use of fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcing bars, discrete steel fibres, externally bonded and mechanically fastened FRP sheets in different combinations. It is discovered that the steel fibres can help to control concrete cracking and eventually alter the failure mode and enhance the flexural resistance. The FRP reinforcement system, together with the steel fibres, radically resolves the structural safety problem caused by corrosion of the steel bar reinforcement. Finally, the impact of the external sheet on the fire limit state performance needs to be resolved, such as by adopting fire protection rendering for the finishes layer.
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Lie, T. T., and V. K. R. Kodur. "Thermal and mechanical properties of steel-fibre-reinforced concrete at elevated temperatures." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 23, no. 2 (April 1, 1996): 511–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l96-055.

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Анотація:
For use in fire resistance calculations, the relevant thermal and mechanical properties of steel-fibre-reinforced concrete at elevated temperatures were determined. These properties included the thermal conductivity, specific heat, thermal expansion, and mass loss, as well as the strength and deformation properties of steel-fibre-reinforced siliceous and carbonate aggregate concretes. The thermal properties are presented in equations that express the values of these properties as a function of temperature in the temperature range between 0 °C and 1000 °C. The mechanical properties are given in the form of stress–strain relationships for the concretes at elevated temperatures. The results indicate that the steel fibres have little influence on the thermal properties of the concretes. The influence on the mechanical properties, however, is relatively greater than the influence on the thermal properties and is expected to be beneficial to the fire resistance of structural elements constructed of fibre-reinforced concrete. Key words: steel fibre, reinforced concrete, thermal properties, mechanical properties, fire resistance.
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Krassowska, Julita, and Marta Kosior-Kazberuk. "Failure mode in shear of steel fiber reinforced concrete beams." MATEC Web of Conferences 163 (2018): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816302003.

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Анотація:
Experimental tests were carried out to assess the failure model of steel fiber reinforced concrete beams. Experimental research was focused on observing changes in the behavior of the tested elements depending on the amount of shear reinforcement and the fiber. Model two-span beams with a cross-section of 80x180 mm and a length of 2000 mm were tested. The beams had varied stirrup spacing. The following amounts of steel fibres in concrete were used: 78.5 kg/m3 (1.0%) i 118 kg/m3 (1.5%). Concrete beams without fibres were examined at the same time. The beams were loaded in a five-point bending test until they were destroyed. Shear or bending capacity of the element was observed. Fibre reinforced concrete beams were not destroyed rapidly, but they kept their shape consistent under load. Larger number of diagonal cracks with a smaller width were observed in fibre reinforced concrete beams. Failure of concrete beams without fibres was rapid, with a characteristic brittle cracking. Steel fibres revealed the ability to transfer significant shear stress after cracking in comparison to plain concrete.
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7

Abdullah, Muhd Afiq Hizami, Mohd Zulham Affandi Mohd Zahid, Badorul Hisham Abu Bakar, Fadzli Mohamed Nazri, and Afizah Ayob. "UHPFRC as Repair Material for Fire-Damaged Reinforced Concrete Structure – A Review." Applied Mechanics and Materials 802 (October 2015): 283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.802.283.

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Анотація:
Exposure of concrete to intense heat will cause deterioration of its strength and durability. Previously, the fire-damaged concrete was repaired using the shotcrete and normal concrete. Recent studies utilize fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) in repairing fire-damaged concrete. Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) mostly developed using fine size aggregate, cement, silica fume, super plasticizer and reinforced with steel fibre has an excellent mechanical properties compared to high strength concrete and with an addition of steel fibre in the UHPFRC enhances its ductility behaviour which is not possessed by normal concrete, hence, UHPFRC indicates a promising candidate as repair material to fire-damaged concrete. The aim of this paper is to review on the properties of UHPFRC to be utilized as repair material to fire-damaged concrete structure based on previous research on UHPFRC and fire-damaged structure.
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Al-Qutaifi, Sarah, and Ali Bagheri. "Evaluating Fresh and Hardened Properties of High-Strength Concrete Including Closed Steel Fibres." Open Civil Engineering Journal 15, no. 1 (May 4, 2021): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149502115010104.

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Анотація:
Background: The tensile strength of the plain concrete is weak. Thus, fibres are embedded in concrete to improve its ductility. However, pulling out steel fibres from concrete structures is one of the most encountered issues in the fiber-reinforced concrete, which hinders using their maximum capacities. Objectives: Thus, closed steel fibres (square shape) were incorporated into concrete mixes to evaluate their impacts against the pulling-out effects and assess the feasibility of applying Closed Steel Fibres (CSFs) on the fresh and hardened concrete properties. Hooked end and straight steel fibres were also investigated for comparison. Methods: The utilized steel fibres were incorporated with lengths of 20, 30, and 40 mm, and volume fractions of 0.25%, 0.50%, and 0.75%. Silica Fume (SF) was involved in the fibre-reinforced concrete mixtures at 7% of the cement weight. Results: Paper outcomes stated that the inclusion of steel fibres involved different impacts on the concrete compressive strength depending on the applied fibre geometries and content. Conclusion: CSFs exhibited better performance against the pulling-out effect from the surrounding concrete structure than those of hooked end and straight steel fibres. However, the addition of CSFs has increased the concrete permeability due to their poor space-filling capacity.
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Kodur, VKR. "Performance of high strength concrete-filled steel columns exposed to fire." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 25, no. 6 (December 1, 1998): 975–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l98-023.

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Анотація:
Results from an experimental program on the behaviour of high strength concrete-filled steel hollow structural section (HSS) columns will be presented for three types of concrete filling. A comparison will be made of the fire-resistance performance of HSS columns filled with normal strength concrete, high strength concrete, and steel-fibre-reinforced high strength concrete. The various factors that influence the structural behaviour of high strength concrete-filled HSS columns under fire conditions are discussed. It is demonstrated that, in many cases, addition of steel fibres into high strength concrete improves the fire resistance and offers an economical solution for fire-safe construction.Key words: high strength concrete, steel columns, fire-resistance design, high-temperature behaviour, concrete-filled steel columns.
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Bošnjak, Josipa, Akanshu Sharma, and Kevin Grauf. "Mechanical Properties of Concrete with Steel and Polypropylene Fibres at Elevated Temperatures." Fibers 7, no. 2 (January 24, 2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib7020009.

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Анотація:
Addition of steel fibres to concrete is known to have a significant positive influence on the mechanical properties of concrete. Micro polypropylene (PP) fibres are added to concrete to improve its performance under thermal loads such as in case of fire by preventing the phenomena of explosive spalling. An optimum mixture of steel and micro PP fibres added to concrete may be utilized to enhance both the mechanical and thermal behaviour of concrete. In this work, systematic investigations were carried out to study the influence of elevated temperature on the mechanical properties and physical properties of high strength concrete without and with fibres. Three different mixtures for high strength concrete were used, namely normal concrete without fibres, Steel fibre reinforced concrete and Hybrid fibre reinforced concrete having a blend of hooked end steel fibres and micro PP fibres. The specimens were tested in ambient conditions as well as after exposure to a pre-defined elevated temperature and cooling down to room temperature. For all investigated concrete mixtures the thermal degradation of following properties were investigated: compressive strength, tensile splitting strength, bending strength, fracture energy and static modulus of elasticity. This paper summarizes the findings of the tests performed.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Steele fibre"

1

Hu, Hang. "Mechanical properties of blended steel fibre reinforced concrete using manufactured and recycled fibres from tyres." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21168/.

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2

Jeffers, Ann E. "A Fiber-Based Approach for Modeling Beam-Columns under Fire Loading." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38692.

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Анотація:
The work described herein emphasizes a new fiber-based approach to modeling the response of structural frames subjected to realistic fire conditions. The proposed approach involves the development and validation of two finite elements that can be used collectively to simulate the thermal and mechanical response of structural frames at elevated temperatures. To model the thermal response, a special-purpose fiber heat transfer element is introduced. The first of its kind, the fiber heat transfer element uses a combination of finite element and finite difference methods to provide an accurate and highly efficient solution to the three-dimensional thermal problem. To simulate the mechanical response, a flexibility-based fiber beam-column element is used. The element presented here extends the formulation of Taucer et al. (1991) to include thermal effects, geometric nonlinearities, and residual stresses. Both fiber elements are implemented in ABAQUS (2007) using the user-defined element (UEL) subroutine. The element formulations are verified by analyses of benchmark experimental tests and comparisons with traditional finite elements. Results indicate that both elements offer superior accuracy and computational efficiency when compared to traditional methods of analysis. Analyses of structures subjected to non-uniform heating emphasize the advantages of the fiber-based approach. To demonstrate a realistic application of the proposed approach, the work concludes with an investigation of the response of unprotected steel beams subjected to localized fires. Because realistic fires are considered, the treatment of strain reversal upon cooling is also addressed. The analyses are used to demonstrate that the standard fire test is generally unconservative at predicting the time at failure of a structure subjected to realistic fire conditions, since failure depends more on the evolution of temperatures within the steel beams than the duration of fire exposure. The analyses also show that critical temperatures from the standard fire test are conservative and thus offer a better means for predicting failure in steel structures within the scope of the standard fire test.
Ph. D.
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3

Mbewe, Peter Binali Kamowa. "Development of analytical flexural models for steel fibre-reinforced concrete beams with and without steel bars." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/18088.

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Анотація:
Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: There is an increasing demand for the development and use of innovative materials with reduced cost of construction while offering improved structural properties. Steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) can be used as a structural material to substitute the conventional reinforcing bars partially or fully. However, there is little or no codified approach on the design procedures for SFRC members in the latest guidelines outlined in the draft 2010 Model code. It is against this background that analytical methods are derived in this study for the determination of the flexural capacity of strain-softening, deflection-hardening SFRC with and without steel reinforcing bars. Models used for the determination of the flexural capacity of SFRC rectangular sections are based on equivalent stress blocks for both compression and tensile stresses. These are derived from an elastic-perfect plastic model for compression and either an elastic-constant post-peak response or Rilem’s multi-linear model for tension, in which strain compatibility and force equilibrium theories are used. By employing the equivalent stress blocks for both tensile and compressive stress states, parameters are defined by converting the actual stress-strain distribution to an equivalent stress block, depending on the ratio of yield (or cracking) strain and post-yield (post-cracking) strains. Due to the simplicity of a drop-down tensile model and a bilinear compression model, these material models are used for the subsequent derivation of the flexural models for both SFRC with and without steel reinforcing bars. An experimental program is designed and executed for model verification. This includes material characterisation experiments for the determination of material model input parameters, and main beam flexural experiments for the determination of the beam bending capacity. An indirect tensile test is used for the characterisation of the tensile behaviour while a four-point bending test is used for beam bending behaviour. Both flexural models for SFRC with and without reinforcing bars have been verified to fairly predict the flexural capacity of the beams. However, the flexural model for SFRC with steel bars offers some challenges as to whether the synergetic effect of using both steel bars and steel fibres should be incorporated at the low fibre volumes as used in the verification exercise. Furthermore, the use of indirect methods to characterise tensile behaviour added some uncertainties in the material model parameters and hence may have affected the predictability of the model. More research on the verification of the models is required to enable the use of a wider concrete strength spectrum for the verification and possible modification of the models. Studies on the model uncertainty may also help determine the reliable safety factor for the use of the model in predicting design strength of beam sections at a prescribed reliability index.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Daar is ‘n groeiende aanvraag na die ontwikkeling en gebruik van innoverende materiale met verminderde konstruksiekoste maar verbeterde strukturele eienskappe. Staalvesel-gewapende beton (SVGB) kan gebruik word as strukturele materiaal om die konvensionele wapeningstawe gedeeltelik of ten volle te vervang. Daar is egter min of geen gekodifiseerde benaderings tot die ontwerpprosedures vir SVGB-dele in die nuutste riglyne uitgestippel in die konsepweergawe van die 2010 Modelkode nie. Dit is teen hierdie agtergrond dat in hierdie studie analitiese metodes afgelei is vir die bepaling van die buigkapasiteit van spanning-versagtende, defleksie-verhardende SVGB met en sonder staalbewapeningstawe. Modelle wat gebruik is vir die bepaling van die buigkapasiteit van SVGB reghoekige snitte is gebaseer op ekwivalente spanningsblokke vir beide druk- en trekspannings. Hierdie is afgelei van ‘n elasties-perfekte plastiese model vir druk en óf ‘n elasties-konstante post-piek respons óf Rilem se multi-lineêre model vir spanning, waarin teorieë vir drukkapasiteit en krag-ewewig gebruik is. Deur die ekwivalente spanningsblokke vir beide trek- en drukspanningstoestande te implementeer, is parameters bepaal deur die werklike verspreiding van spanningsdruk om te wissel na ‘n ekwivalente spanningsblok, afhangend van die verhouding van swig- (of kraak-)spanning en post-swig (post-kraak) spannings. Te wyte aan die eenvoud van ‘n aftrek trekmodel en ‘n bilineêre kompressiemodel, is hierdie materiaalmodelle gebruik vir die daaropvolgende afleiding van die buigingsmodelle vir beide SVGB met en sonder staalbewapeningstawe. ‘n Eksperimentele program vir modelkontrolering is ontwerp en uitgevoer. Dit sluit eksperimente in vir materiaalbeskrywing, om invoerparameters van materiaalmodelle te bepaal, asook eksperimente vir hoofbalkbuigings, om balkbuigingskapasiteit te bepaal. ‘n Indirekte trektoets is gebruik vir die beskrywing van die trekgedrag, terwyl ‘n vierpuntbuigingstoets gebruik is vir balkbuiggedrag. Dit is bewys dat beide buigingsmodelle vir SVGB met en sonder staalbewapeningstawe die buigingskapasiteit van die balke redelik akkuraat kan voorspel. Nietemin, bied die buigingsmodel vir SVGB met staalbewapeningstawe sekere uitdagings: die vraag ontstaan rondom die insluiting van die sinergetiese effek van die gebruik van beide staalstawe en staalvesels met die lae veselvolumes soos gebruik in die kontroleringsoefening. Verder het die gebruik van indirekte metodes om die buigingsgedrag te bepaal, onsekerhede gevoeg by die materiaalmodelparameters en dit mag dus as sulks die voorspelbaarheid van die model beïnvloed. Meer navorsing moet uitgevoer word oor die kontrolering van die modelle sodat ‘n wyer spektrum van betonsterkte gebruik kan word vir die verifikasie en moontlike aanpassing van die modelle. Navorsing oor die wisselvalligheid van die modelle mag ook help om die betroubare veiligheidsfaktor te bepaal vir die model se gebruik in die berekening van ontwerpkrag van balkdele teen ‘n voorgeskrewe betroubaarheidsindeks.
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4

Baczkowski, Bartlomiej Jan. "Steel fibre reinforced concrete coupling beams /." View abstract or full-text, 2007. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CIVL%202007%20BACZKO.

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5

Mpanga-A-Kangaj, Christian. "Pull-out of hooked end steel fibres : experimental and numerical study." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/40820.

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Анотація:
Abstract The reinforcement of concrete with steel fibres changes the failure of the composite material from catastrophic brittle failure to pseudo-ductile behaviour as a result of crack-bridging by the fibres, and the additional work which is absorbed by fibre pull-out. A good understanding of the properties of the fibre-reinforced concrete depends on an understanding of the fibre pull-out process. The main aim of the current study is to investigate, both experimentally and numerically, the pull-out behaviour of a single hooked end steel fibre from epoxy matrix, where epoxy was chosen to replace concrete in order to enable visualisation of the pull-out process. The experimental and numerical results both contribute to the development of a physical understanding of the mechanism of pull-out. Experimental studies included the evaluation of the mechanical properties of hooked end steel fibre and epoxy matrix by means of tensile tests, the manufacturing of pull-out specimens consisting of a single hooked end steel fibre embedded in epoxy matrix, and the experimental characterisation of the fibre pull-out. The significant features (peaks and minima) of the load vs. displacement graph were correlated to stills taken from a video of the pull-out process, in which the plastic deformation of the fibre is evident. Small deformations (spalling) were also observed in the matrix. A model is proposed for the mechanisms which interact during the pull-out process.
Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2014
Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering
unrestricted
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6

Darwish, I. Y. S. "Steel fibre-reinforced concrete elements in shear." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375129.

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7

Tao, Xiaoya. "Pull-out behaviour of steel reinforced cement composites." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343924.

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8

Ige, Olubisi A. "Key factors affecting distribution and orientation of fibres in steel fibre reinforced concrete and subsequent effects on mechanical properties." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2017. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/key-factors-affecting-distribution-and-orientation-of-fibres-in-steel-fibre-reinforced-concrete-and-subsequent-effects-on-mechanical-properties(186800d2-458c-4c66-9400-5d3e0d1acf58).html.

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Use of fibres to reinforce brittle materials for better performance in buildings and for construction purposes has been employed since time immemorial. Inclusion of steel fibres in concrete therefore, has always improved the post-cracking strength and concrete ductility to a large extent. Nevertheless, there is no doubt that it has become imperative to have more understanding of the internal workings of steel fibre reinforced concrete to fully exploit its potential in practice. In this PhD study, investigation of distribution and orientation of steel fibres within steel fibre reinforced concrete, studying how the positioning of steel fibres in SFRC (steel fibre reinforced concrete) matrix affects the post-cracking strength and other properties that enhance concrete ductility is reported. Variables selected for this study were those considered to influence how steel fibres and concrete matrix associate together during mixing. Hooked-end steel fibres with 50 mm and 60 mm length, of varying diameter resulting in different aspect ratio (ratio of length to diameter of fibre) of 45, 65 and 80, and dosages of 0 kg/m³, 25 kg/m³, 40 kg/m³, 50 kg/m³ and 60 kg/m³ were employed with maximum sizes of coarse aggregate of 10 mm and 20 mm. The same mix proportions of concrete were used throughout the investigation. Workability of the fresh mix was carried out through slump test, flexural performance was assessed through beam and slab tests at 28 day while compressive strength was also measured using cubes. Subsequently, cores were extracted from these panels and X-ray computed tomography was employed for imaging the cores while Insight Toolkit Software was used to analyse the position of fibres in hardened concrete. The experimental results show that the strength performance of steel fibre reinforced concrete improved drastically when compared to plain concrete without fibres. Remarkable improvements were observed at larger dosages of steel fibres, and with fibres with highest aspect ratio of 80 noted to give the best results which suggests that aspect ratio of fibre is critical to SFRC performance. It was found that fibre effects on compressive strength is slightly pronounced, with optimum compressive strength of 68 MPa noticed at fibre dosage of 50 kg/m³ and with fibre of 80 l/d ratio with 20 mm aggregate mixture which is about increase of 8 MPa when compared with plain concrete. Also, in SFRC beams, there were up to 83% increase in maximum stress reached when compared to unreinforced concrete. Moreover, it was found that the results of X-ray CT image analysis by The Insight Toolkit software correlate well with the outcome of mechanical performance of steel fibre reinforced concrete. The slab test results show that mixtures containing 10 mm maximum aggregate size sustain higher load than those of 20 mm counterparts. Harmonization of beam and slab results using yield line analysis revealed that the values of theoretical and experimental failure loads are reasonably close for slabs containing 20 mm maximum aggregate size while the analysis does not agree perfectly with slabs containing 10 mm maximum aggregate size. The 3D rendering images of SFRC cores show that steel fibres are generally positioned horizontally in the slabs which can be seen to be more pronounced in 10 mm maximum aggregate mixes resulting in their ability to sustain higher failure loads. The study has revealed a clear relationship between the geometry of steel fibre and maximum aggregate size, establishing the fibre-aggregate interaction effects on post-cracking capacity of SFRC. Finally, the study has quantitatively measured the distribution and orientation of steel fibre within the concrete matrix while the correlation between the internal mechanism and the mechanical properties of SFRC has been established.
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9

Carlesso, Débora Martinello. "Flexural fatigue of pre-cracked fibre reinforced concrete: experimental study and numerical modelling." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669488.

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Fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) is recognized as suitable material for structural applications. The number of national codes that have approved it is an evidence. Structures where FRC is generally used can be subjected to fatigue loads and are expected to resist millions of cycles during their service life. Cyclic loads affect significantly the characteristics of materials and can cause fatigue failures. The most demanded cross-sections being cracked under tensile stresses due to direct loads or imposed deformations. Commonly, publications report fatigue behaviour of concrete under compression and are valid for uncracked sections. Imprecision in fatigue prescriptions are reflected through formulation of models that contemplate a probabilistic approach, or an introduction of high safety coefficients within construction codes. The aim of the present doctoral thesis is to perform a structural design oriented analysis on the behaviour of pre-cracked FRC subjected to flexural fatigue loads. FRC with steel and polypropylene fibre with different volume content were investigated by means of three-point bending tests, considering an initial crack width accepted in the service limit state. The mechanical behaviour of FRC were analysed in terms of applied load level, crack opening displacement (CMOD) and fatigue life. The residual flexural tensile strength was assessed after these tests to estimate the impact of the cycles in the remaining resistant capacity of the specimens. Results suggest that the mechanism of crack propagation is independent of the fibre type and content and the monotonic load-crack opening displacement curve might be used as deformation failure criterion for FRC under flexural fatigue loading. The conducted probabilistic approach allows predicting the fatigue strength of concrete reinforced with steel fibres. The findings postulate the proposal of a model to predict the evolution of the crack-opening and the remaining resistant capacity. An optimisation procedure is proposed to derive the model parameters using a limited number of initial load cycles. This doctoral thesis provides knowledge and data that may aid further research and contribute to the future development of design recommendations.
El hormigón reforzado con fibra (FRC) se reconoce como material adecuado para aplicaciones estructurales. El número de normativas que lo han aprobado es una evidencia. Las estructuras donde generalmente se usa FRC pueden estar sujetas a cargas de fatiga y se espera que resistan millones de ciclos durante su vida útil. Las cargas cíclicas afectan significativamente a las características de los materiales y pueden causar roturas por fatiga. Las secciones transversales más demandadas se fisuran bajo tensión debido a cargas directas o deformaciones impuestas. Comúnmente, las publicaciones informan del comportamiento de fatiga del hormigón bajo compresión y son válidas para secciones no fisuradas. La imprecisión de las recomendaciones se refleja a través de la formulación de modelos que contemplan un enfoque probabilístico o la introducción de altos coeficientes de seguridad dentro de los códigos de construcción. El objetivo de la presente tesis doctoral es realizar un análisis orientado al diseño estructural sobre el comportamiento del FRC pre-fisurado sometido a cargas de fatiga por flexión. Se investigaron FRC con fibras de acero y polipropileno con diferentes contenidos de fibras mediante pruebas de flexotracción a tres puntos, considerando un ancho de fisura inicial aceptado en el estado límite de servicio. El comportamiento mecánico del FRC se analizó en términos de nivel de carga aplicada, desplazamiento de apertura de fisura (CMOD) y vida útil bajo fatiga. La resistencia residual a flexotracción se evaluó después de los ciclos de fatiga para estimar el impacto de los ciclos en la capacidad de resistencia restante de las muestras. Los resultados sugieren que el mecanismo de propagación de fisuras es independiente del tipo y contenido de fibra y la curva monotónica de CMOD podría ser utilizada como criterio de falla de deformación para FRC bajo carga de fatiga por flexotracción. El enfoque probabilístico realizado permite predecir la resistencia a la fatiga del hormigón reforzado con fibras de acero. Los resultados postulan la propuesta de un modelo para predecir la evolución de la apertura de fisura y la capacidad resistente remanente. Se propone un procedimiento de optimización para derivar los parámetros del modelo utilizando un número limitado de ciclos de carga inicial. Esta tesis doctoral proporciona conocimiento y datos que pueden ayudar a futuras investigaciones y contribuir al desarrollo futuro de recomendaciones de diseño.
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10

Burrell, Russell P. "Performance of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete Columns under Shock Tube Induced Shock Wave Loading." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23516.

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It is important to ensure that vulnerable structures (federal and provincial offices, military structures, embassies, etc) are blast resistant to safeguard life and critical infrastructure. In the wake of recent malicious attacks and accidental explosions, it is becoming increasingly important to ensure that columns in structures are properly detailed to provide the ductility and continuity necessary to prevent progressive collapse. Research has shown that steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) can enhance many of the properties of concrete, including improved post-cracking tensile capacity, enhanced shear resistance, and increased ductility. The enhanced properties of SFRC make it an ideal candidate for use in the blast resistant design of structures. There is limited research on the behaviour of SFRC under high strain rates, including impact and blast loading, and some of this data is conflicting, with some researchers showing that the additional ductility normally evident in SFRC is absent or reduced at high strain loading. On the other hand, other data indicates that SFRC can improve toughness and energy-absorption capacity under extreme loading conditions. This thesis presents the results of experimental research involving tests of scaled reinforced concrete columns exposed to shock wave induced impulsive loads using the University of Ottawa Shock Tube. A total of 13 half-scale steel fibre reinforced concrete columns, 8 with normal strength steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) and 5 with an ultra high performance fibre reinforced concrete (UHPFRC), were constructed and tested under simulated blast pressures. The columns were designed according to CSA A23.3 standards for both seismic and non-seismic regions, using various fibre amounts and types. Each column was exposed to similar shock wave loads in order to provide direct comparisons between seismic and non-seismically detailed columns, amount of steel fibres, type of steel fibres, and type of concrete. The dynamic response of the columns tested in the experimental program is predicted by generating dynamic load-deformation resistance functions for SFRC and UHPFRC columns and using single degree of freedom dynamic analysis software, RCBlast. The analytical results are compared to experimental data, and shown to accurately predict the maximum mid-span displacements of the fibre reinforced concrete columns under shock wave loading.
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Книги з теми "Steele fibre"

1

Cacciandra, Vittorio. Fire steels. Torino: U. Allemandi, 1996.

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2

Tempered Steele: [stoking the fire]. Tallahassee, FL: Bella Books, 2015.

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3

Wibberley, Mary. Fire and steel. Bath, England: Chivers Press, 1992.

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4

Copyright Paperback Collection (Library of Congress), ed. Fire and steel. New York: New American Library, 1988.

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5

Singh, Harvinder. Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2507-5.

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6

Liu, Marjorie M. The fire king: A Dirk & Steele novel. New York: Leisure Books, 2009.

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7

The fire king: A Dirk & Steele novel. New York, New York: Avon Books, 2011.

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8

Franssen, Jean-Marc, and Paulo Vila Real. Fire Design of Steel Structures. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783433607008.

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9

Franssen, Jean-Marc, and Paulo Vila Real. Fire Design of Steel Structures. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783433601570.

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10

Raul, Zaharia, and Kodur Venkatesh, eds. Designing steel structures for fire safety. Boca Raton: CRC Press/Balkema, 2009.

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Частини книг з теми "Steele fibre"

1

Sha, Wei. "Fire Engineering." In Steels, 227–47. London: Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4872-2_10.

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2

Sha, Wei. "Fire-Resistant Steel." In Steels, 59–83. London: Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4872-2_3.

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3

Sha, Wei. "Fire Resistance of Protected Slim Floors." In Steels, 249–64. London: Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4872-2_11.

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4

Gooch, Jan W. "Stainless Steel Fiber." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 695. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_11121.

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5

Wang, Yong C. "Fire Resistance." In Composite Structures of Steel and Concrete, 223–45. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119401353.ch6.

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6

Yao, Jialiang, Zhigang Zhou, and Hongzhuan Zhou. "Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete." In Highway Engineering Composite Material and Its Application, 51–80. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6068-8_3.

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7

Saleh, Mofreh F., T. Yeow, G. MacRae, and A. Scott. "Effect of Steel Fibre Content on the Fatigue Behaviour of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete." In 7th RILEM International Conference on Cracking in Pavements, 815–25. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4566-7_79.

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8

Komloš, K., and B. Babál. "Fatigue Life of Steel Fibre Concretes." In Brittle Matrix Composites 3, 154–63. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3646-4_17.

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9

Satasivam, Sindu, and Yu Bai. "Steel- Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composite Beams." In Composites for Building Assembly, 75–97. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4278-5_4.

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10

Chiew, Sing-Ping, and Yan-Qing Cai. "Fire design." In Design of High Strength Steel Reinforced Concrete Columns, 73–81. Boca Raton : CRC Press, [2018]: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351203951-6.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Steele fibre"

1

Ramkumar, S. "Shear Behaviour of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Steel and Polypropylene Fiber." In Sustainable Materials and Smart Practices. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901953-21.

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Abstract. The experimental study provides a series of tests for characterizing the structural behavior of fibre reinforced concrete beams subjected to shear loads. The paper involves usage of 2 types of fibers - polypropylene and steel fiber. The work suggests that the shear cracking resistance of the materials used are significantly improved by the fibers. The fibers reduced the crack width to about one quarter of the width in the shear-reinforced girders. Reliance on steel fibres increases the ductility of concrete. Adding steel fibres to concrete improves its post-tensile cracking behaviour. Shear strength is increased with the increase in fiber aspect ratio and fiber volume fraction. The concrete beams are casted for the size of 150 mm x 250 mm x 2100 mm. The behavior of fiber reinforced concrete beams for the addition of 0.4 percentage of fibers in both PFRC and SFRC under loading condition were observed and the load carrying capacity was increased compared to reinforced concrete.
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2

Da Costa Santos, Ana Caroline, and Paul Archbold. "Mechanical Properties and Fracture Energy of Concrete Beams Reinforced with Basalt Fibres." In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.316.

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Fibre-reinforced concrete (FRC) is widely employed in the construction industry, with assorted fibre types being used for different applications. Typically, steel fibres give additional tensile strength to the mixture, while flexible fibres may be used in large sections, such as floor slabs, to control crack width and to improve the handling ability of precast sections. For many reasons, including durability concerns, environmental impact, thermal performance, etc, alternatives to the currently available fibres are being sought. This study examines the potential of using basalt fibres, a mineral and natural material, as reinforcement of concrete sections in comparison to steel fibres and plain concrete mix. Mixes were tested containing 0.5% and 1.0% of basalt fibres measuring 25mm length, 0.5% of the same material with 48mm length and steel fibres measuring 50mm by 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15% and 0.2% of the concrete volume. For the mechanical performance analysis, the 3-point bending test was led and the fracture energy, Young’s modulus and tensile strength in different moments of the tests were calculated. When compared to the control mixtures and the steel-fibre-reinforced concrete, the mixes containing basalt had a reduction in their elastic modulus, representing a decrease in the concrete brittleness. At the same time, the fracture energy of the mixtures was significantly increased with the basalt fibres in both lengths. Finally, the flexural strength was also higher for the natural fibre reinforced concrete than for the plain concrete and comparable to the results obtained with the addition of steel fibres by 0.15%.
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3

NASSIF, AYMAN, JOHN WILLIAMS, OLUBISI IGE, and STEPHANIE BARNETT. "Distribution and orientation of steel fibres in steel fibre reinforced concrete." In Fouth International Conference on Advances in Civil, Structural and Construction Engineering - CSCE 2016. Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15224/978-1-63248-101-6-10.

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4

WALD, Frantisek Emanuel, Tesfamariam Arha, Vladimir Křístek, Alexey Tretyakov, Lukas Blesak, Illia Tkalenko, Radek Stefan, Josef Novak, and Alena Kohoutková. "To shear failure of steel and fibre-reinforced concrete circular hollow section composite column at elevated temperature." In 12th international conference on ‘Advances in Steel-Concrete Composite Structures’ - ASCCS 2018. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/asccs2018.2018.7201.

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This study predicts the shear strength of steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) members at elevated temperature using numerical modelling. The authors derived the stress-strain relation in the pure shear mode at ambient temperature based on a damage model calibrated at ambient and elevated temperatures. The model was validated on the special experimental arrangement for the pure shear mode of the SFRC in torsion. These results enables to determine the stress-strain diagram at elevated temperature. The shear strength of SFRC is compared with the compressive and tensile strength and used to observe reasons for experimentally observed failure model. The work is a part of comprehensive project focused on development of design models for the steel and SFRC composite columns with circular hollow section (CHS) at elevated temperature. Research includes two levels accuracy/complexity, allowing simplified or advanced approach to design following the coming changes in European standard for composite member design in fire, EN1994-1-2:2021. Experimental studies of the project include mechanical material tests of heated fibre-concrete samples in tension and compression, thermal uniform and non-uniform tests of insulated fragments of CHS and tests of full scale SFRC CHS columns in steady-state and transient-state regimes. Developing advanced FEM simulation of global mechanical behaviour of SFRC CHS columns is a multi-levelled composite mechanical and thermo-model and provide numerous numerical experiments. Together with steel material model in fire, validated FEM model of mechanical behaviour of fibre-reinforce concrete at elevated temperature is performed. Validated simplified and advanced thermal model of SFRC in CHS at elevated temperature gives temperature fields and moisture distribution inside section which depends on direction, heat flux, sizes and gives possibility to model different fire cases of full-scale columns in bending, shear, and buckling at elevated temperature. Proposed analytical and simplified FEM mechanical model of column is taking into account degradation of mechanical properties, analytical models of transfer of heat inside the column section and provides simple solutions for designers.
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5

Ibáñez, Carmen, Luke Bisby, David Rush, Manuel L. Romero, and Antonio Hospitaler. "Analysis of concrete-filled steel tubular columns after fire exposure." In 12th international conference on ‘Advances in Steel-Concrete Composite Structures’ - ASCCS 2018. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/asccs2018.2018.7193.

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Concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) columns have a high probability to resist high temperatures compared to steel structures, whose evaluation after a fire is limited by the resulting deformation. A better understanding of the behaviour of CFST columns after a fire, affected by the maximum temperature achieved by the concrete infill, is required to properly estimate their residual strength and stiffness in order to adopt a reasonable strategy with minimum post-fire repair. In this paper, a fiber beam model for the simulation of the post-fire response of slender concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns is presented. First, the model is validated against experimental results and subsequently it is employed to analyse the post-fire response of circular CFST columns. The variation of the residual strength with the load level for realistic fire resistance times is numerically studied. Actually, in a building, the columns support load even while a fire is being extinguished, so it is important to take into account this loading condition when predicting the post-fire behaviour. Therefore, in this research, the complete analysis comprises three stages: heating, cooling and post-fire under sustained load conditions. The model considers realistic features typical from the fire response of CFST columns, such as the existence of a gap conductance at the steel-concrete interface or the sliding and separation between the steel tube and the concrete.
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6

Du, Yong, Yu Zhu, and Richard Liew. "Experimental study on spalling risk of concrete with 115~120MPa subject to ISO834 Fire." In 12th international conference on ‘Advances in Steel-Concrete Composite Structures’ - ASCCS 2018. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/asccs2018.2018.7024.

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High strength concrete encased columns are being developed for erecting high-rise buildings as their higher load bearing capacity and smaller cross section size than normal concrete encased column. At ambient temperature, high strength concrete is always mixed with steel fibers to improve its ductility to match the material properties of high strength steel while constructing concrete encased columns. However, for high strength concrete at elevated temperature, spalling usually can be observed due to different thermal properties of various materials mixed such as siliceous aggregate, cement, silica fume, grit and moisture. Most of previous studies present that pore vapor compression induces high strength concrete spalling and propylene fiber can prevent it from spalling. The aim of the present experimental study is to discover the minimum propylene fiber ratio to prevent spalling of 115~120MPa concrete with aggregate and steel fiber. The experimental study carried out on 17 specimens with different water-binder ratio, steel fiber ratio and monofilament propylene fiber ratio exposed to ISO834 fire. The test results that 0.15% by volume of propylene fibers can prevent 115/120MPa high strength concrete with aggregate from spalling. It is worth noting that propylene fiber mixture ratio of 0.15% is lower than that of EN 1992-1-2 proposed up to 0.22%. Lower propylene fiber mixture ratio has been soak to improve the workability of 115~120MPa high strength concrete with steel fibers.
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7

Da Costa Santos, Ana Caroline, and Paul Archbold. "Experimental Investigation on the Fracture Energy and Mechanical Behaviour of Hemp and Flax Fibre FRC Compared to Polypropylene FRC." In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.326.

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Natural fibre reinforced concrete is been studied for many years as a more sustainable option to current reinforced concrete used in industry. The most common fibre materials currently adopted are steel, glass and synthetic fibres. Apart from the high oxidation and cost, their environmental impact is a serious issue as they are petroleum-based materials. This study assesses the feasibility of replacing polypropylene fibre with hemp and flax fibres. According to the inventory of carbon and energy (ICE) the embodied energy of polypropylene (PP) is 95.4MJ/kg and the embodied carbon is 4.98kgCO2/kg during its lifetime. It represents approximately 3 times more than the estimated values for vegetable fibres. For this, Different concrete mixtures reinforced by 0.5% to 1.0% of hemp, flax and polypropylene fibres were tested, and their post-crack flexural tensile strength, elastic’s modulus, compressive strength and fracture energy were evaluated. The mixtures containing hemp fibres presented properties equivalent to those containing polypropylene under the same proportion. Although both compressive and tensile strength were reduced for the mixes containing flax fibres, the Young’s modulus was 49% smaller and could be an interesting approach for applications that require better elasticity from the concrete, such as industrial floors and structures that may be submitted to impact.
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8

Zanon, Riccardo, and Markus Schäfer. "Use of fibre reinforced concrete for filler beam sections – potential for structural optimization." In IABSE Symposium, Prague 2022: Challenges for Existing and Oncoming Structures. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/prague.2022.0301.

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<p>Fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) is a well-known solution for industrial floorings, tunnelling or specific other applications since decades and its use is extending towards a broader range of structures. It can act either as a complement to conventional bar reinforcement or, for specific cases, even as a substitute to it. Fibres are added to concrete firstly to enhance its tensile behaviour but can bring other substantial benefits. In particular, high-strength steel fibres have a considerable impact even when added in moderate quantities to the concrete mix, therefor with reduced additional cost.</p><p>This paper will investigate the potential of steel fibre reinforced concrete in the field of steel- concrete composite structure, a combination which is still vastly unexplored. The case of encased composite bridge sections (filler beam decks according to Eurocode 4) will be analysed by numerical simulations. The results show benefits in term of ultimate limit state, serviceability limit state as well as durability. This preliminary study serves as guidance for future experimental campaign.</p>
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9

Gündüz, Y., E. Taşkan, and Y. Şahin. "Using hooked-end fibres on high performance steel fibre reinforced concrete." In HPSM/OPTI 2016. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/hpsm160241.

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10

Kaklauskas, Gintaris, Edgaras Timinskas, P. L. Ng, and Aleksandr Sokolov. "Deformation and Cracking Behaviour of Concrete Beams Reinforced with Glass Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Bars." In IABSE Symposium, Guimarães 2019: Towards a Resilient Built Environment Risk and Asset Management. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/guimaraes.2019.0500.

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<p>This paper reports the experimental and numerical studies of concrete beams reinforced with glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforcing bars with and without the addition of steel fibres. GFRP- reinforced concrete beam specimens of equivalent geometry were produced and tested under symmetrical two-point loading configuration. Deformation and cracking behaviour were monitored during the test, and the curvature was determined from the measured deformation response over the pure bending zone. In view of the lower stiffness of GFRP bars compared to conventional steel bars, the effectiveness of adding steel fibres to increase the flexural stiffness is investigated. Experimental results show that the steel fibres could reduce the average crack width and deflections of the beam, and could lead to a more ductile failure mode. The beam specimen was numerically analysed by employing the nonlinear finite element programme ATENA, and the analytical results are in good agreement with the experimental results.</p>
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Звіти організацій з теми "Steele fibre"

1

Ragalwar, Ketan, William Heard, Brett Williams, Dhanendra Kumar, and Ravi Ranade. On enhancing the mechanical behavior of ultra-high performance concrete through multi-scale fiber reinforcement. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41940.

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Steel fibers are typically used in ultra-high performance concretes (UHPC) to impart flexural ductility and increase fracture toughness. However, the mechanical properties of the steel fibers are underutilized in UHPC, as evidenced by the fact that most of the steel fibers pull out of a UHPC matrix largely undamaged during tensile or flexural tests. This research aims to improve the bond between steel fibers and a UHPC matrix by using steel wool. The underlying mechanism for fiber-matrix bond improvement is the reinforcement of the matrix tunnel, surrounding the steel fibers, by steel wool. Single fiber pullout tests were performed to quantify the effect of steel wool content in UHPC on the fiber-matrix bond. Microscopic observations of pulled-out fibers were used to investigate the fiber-matrix interface. Compared to the control UHPC mixture with no steel wool, significant improvement in the flexural behavior was observed in the UHPC mixtures with steel wool. Thus, the addition of steel wool in steel fiber-reinforced UHPC provides multi-scale reinforcement that leads to significant improvement in fiber-matrix bond and mechanical properties of UHPC.
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2

Willi, Joseph, Keith Stakes, Jack Regan, and Robin Zevotek. Evaluation of Ventilation-Controlled Fires in L-Shaped Training Props. UL's Firefighter Safety Research Institute, October 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/mijj9867.

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Investigations of recent firefighter line of duty deaths caused by rapid fire progression have highlighted a deficiency in firefighters’ understanding of how certain tactics affect the fire dynamics of ventilation-controlled fires. Many fires are in a ventilation-limited, decay state by the time firefighters arrive at the scene, meaning that introducing additional ventilation to the environment has the potential to cause rapid and intense fire growth. To more effectively teach firefighters about the potential effects of ventilation on a compartment fire, ventilation-controlled fires should be gener- ated during training. Safely creating such fires while maintaining compliance with NFPA 1403: Standard on Live-Fire Training Evolutions allows instructors to educate students on this important principle of fire dynamics in the training environment. Structures utilized for live-fire training have evolved from typical concrete burn buildings to now include smaller purpose-built props, like those constructed from steel shipping containers or wood and gypsum board. Such props have been embraced by organizations due to their cost-effectiveness and potential to improve fire behavior training. Obtaining a thorough understanding of the capa- bilities and limitations of such props is critical for instructors to convey accurate messages during training and properly prepare firefighters for scenarios they’ll encounter in the field. Experiments were conducted to quantify the fire environment in L-shaped props with different wall constructions. One prop had an interior wall lining of gypsum board over wood studs and fiberglass insulation. The two other props were constructed from metal shipping containers with corrugated steel walls; one had ceilings and walls comprised solely of the corrugated steel, while the other had ceilings and walls comprised of rolled steel sheeting over mineral wool insulation with the corrugated steel wall as its backing. Three fuel packages were compared between the props: one contained furnishings mainly composed of synthetic materials and foam plastics; another contained wooden pallets and straw; and the third contained wooden pallets, straw, and oriented strand board (OSB). A stochastic approach was used to compare data between replicate tests and quantify the repeatability of the different props and fuel packages, all of which were deemed sufficiently repeatable. Comparisons of data between the three props revealed that thermal conditions between experiments in the two metal props were indistinguishable, suggesting that the additional layer of insulation did not significantly alter the fire environment. Additionally, thermal conditions in the gypsum-lined prop were more severe than those in the metal props. The effects of ventilation changes on fire conditions were also analyzed across various prop and fuel load combinations. Lastly, the response of the thermal environment in each prop during interior suppression was evaluated, and the results implied that the thermal exposure to the firefighter was more severe in the metal props than the gypsum prop for a brief period following the start of suppression.
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3

Weiss, Charles, William McGinley, Bradford Songer, Madeline Kuchinski, and Frank Kuchinski. Performance of active porcelain enamel coated fibers for fiber-reinforced concrete : the performance of active porcelain enamel coatings for fiber-reinforced concrete and fiber tests at the University of Louisville. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40683.

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A patented active porcelain enamel coating improves both the bond between the concrete and steel reinforcement as well as its corrosion resistance. A Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program to develop a commercial method for production of porcelain-coated fibers was developed in 2015. Market potential of this technology with its steel/concrete bond improvements and corrosion protection suggests that it can compete with other fiber reinforcing systems, with improvements in performance, durability, and cost, especially as compared to smooth fibers incorporated into concrete slabs and beams. Preliminary testing in a Phase 1 SBIR investigation indicated that active ceramic coatings on small diameter wire significantly improved the bond between the wires and the concrete to the point that the wires achieved yield before pullout without affecting the strength of the wire. As part of an SBIR Phase 2 effort, the University of Louisville under contract for Ceramics, Composites and Coatings Inc., proposed an investigation to evaluate active enamel-coated steel fibers in typical concrete applications and in masonry grouts in both tension and compression. Evaluation of the effect of the incorporation of coated fibers into Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) was examined using flexural and compressive strength testing as well as through nanoindentation.
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4

Garlock, Maria, Joel Kruppa, Guo-Qiang Li, and Bin Zhao. White paper on fire behavior of steel structures. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.gcr.15-984.

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5

Choe, Lisa, Selvarajah Ramesh, Matthew Hoehler, Mina Seif, John Gross, Chao Zhang, and Matthew Bundy. National fire research laboratory commissioning project: testing steel beams under localized fire exposure. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, February 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.tn.1983.

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6

Bentz, Dale P., Leonard M. Hanssen, and Boris Wilthan. Thermal performance of fire resistive materials III. Fire test on a bare steel column. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.7576.

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7

Choe, Lisa. Fire Resilience of a Steel-Concrete Composite Floor System:. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.tn.2203.

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8

Hamins, Anthony, Alexander Maranghides, Kevin B. McGrattan, Erik L. Johnsson, Thomas J. Ohlemiller, Michelle K. Dennelly, Jiann C. Yang, et al. Experiments and modeling of structural steel elements exposed to fire. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ncstar.1-5bv1.

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9

Snook, B. L. Pallet fire test for steel drum storage on wooden pallets. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10179130.

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10

Riveros, Guillermo, Christine Lozano, Hussam Mahmoud, Mehrdad Memari, Anuj Valsangkar, and Bashir Ahmadi. Underwater fatigue repair of steel panels using carbon fiber reinforced polymers. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/32789.

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