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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Soil erosion"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021
Оновлено: 29 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Soil erosion"

1

Oliveira, José Guilherme de, Alexei Nowatzki, and Leonardo José Cordeiro Santos. "UTILIZAÇÃO DE ATRIBUTOS TOPOGRÁFICOS NO MAPEAMENTO DE SUSCETIBILIDADE EROSIVA NA ÁREA RURAL DO MUNICÍPIO DE PARANAVAÍ – PR." Revista Cerrados 15, no. 02 (March 16, 2020): 201–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22238/rc24482692v15n22017p201a219.

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A região noroeste do estado do Paraná ao longo dos últimos 50 anos vem sofrendo diversos impactos decorrentes de processos erosivos lineares, ravinas e voçorocas principalmente. A ocorrência desses processos está associada a dois fatores: o histórico de ocupação da região, bem como as características pedológicas locais, principalmente a textura dos solos e sua distribuição nas vertentes. O método adotado para o mapeamento de suscetibilidade é uma adaptação do proposto por Crepani et al. (2001). Esse autor define que a suscetibilidade de uma área é definida pela soma das vulnerabilidades dos componentes do meio físico. Para a realização do trabalho foram selecionados os atributos topográficos declividade e perfil de curvatura; na pedologia, as tipologias de solo. Os resultados foram discretizados em 5 classes: Muito baixa, baixa, média, alta e muito alta suscetibilidade. As áreas de suscetibilidade a erosão Alta e Muito alta, representam 24% do município, sendo que nessas porções se concentram 26% das erosões, o tipo de solo em conjunto com as características topográficas fazem essa área mais propicia naturalmente a ocorrência dos processos erosivos. A classe de moderada suscetibilidade a erosão representam cerca de 40% do município e 54% das feições erosivas se concentra nessa unidade. Palavras-chave: Erosão; Modelo Digital de Terreno; Álgebra de Mapas. USE OF TOPOGRAPHIC ATTRIBUTES IN THE EROSIVE SUSCEPTIBILITY MAPPING IN THE RURAL AREA OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF PARANAVAÍ – PR Abstract The northwest region of the state of Paraná over the last 50 years has suffered several impacts and consequences of linear erosives, ravines and gullies mainly. The occurrence of these processes is mainly associated with two factors: the occupation history of the region, as well as local soil characteristics, mainly the soil texture and a distribution of soils along the slopes. The methodology adopted for the mapping of susceptibility to erosion follows a line of thought developed by Crepani et al. (2001). This proposal defines that the vulnerability of an area is defined by the sum of the vulnerabilities of the components of the physical environment. For the accomplishment of the methodology were selected, to represent the geomorphology, the topographic attributes: slope, curvature plane and profile; for pedology, soil typologies were selected. The results were discretized in 5 classes, from environments less susceptible to the most susceptible. The areas of susceptibility to erosion High and Very high, summed represent 24% of the municipality, being that in these portions it concentrates 26% of the area of the erosions, once in these areas the type of soil together with the topographic characteristics make it more propitious to the occurrence of linear erosive processes.The moderate susceptibility to erosion class represent about 40% of the municipality and 54% of the area of ​​erosive features is concentrated in this unit. Keywords: Erosions; Digital Terrain Model; Map Algebra. UTILIZACIÓN DE ATRIBUTOS TOPOGRÁFICOS EN EL MAPEO DE SUSCEPTIBILIDAD EROSIVA EN EL ÁREA RURAL DEL MUNICIPIO DE PARANAVAÍ – PR Resumen La región noroeste del estado de Paraná en los últimos 50 años viene sufriendo impactos producto de procesos erosivos lineales, regueros y cárcavas principalmente. La ocurrencia de estos procesos está asociada a dos factores: el modo de ocupación de la región y las características pedológicas locales, principalmente la textura de los suelos y su distribución en las vertientes. El método adoptado para el mapeo de susceptibilidad es una adaptación del propuesto por Crepani et al. (2001). Este autor especifica que la susceptibilidad de un área está definida por la suma de las vulnerabilidades de los componentes del medio físico. Para realizar este trabajo fueron seleccionados los atributos topográficos declividad y perfil de curvatura; en la pedología, las tipologías de suelo. Los resultados fueron representados en 5 clases: muy baja, baja, media, alta y muy alta susceptibilidad. Las áreas de susceptibilidad a erosión alta y muy alta, representan el 24% del municipio, sumado a ello en esas porciones se concentran el 26% de las erosiones, por lo tanto el tipo de suelo en conjunto con las características topográficas hacen de esas áreas las más propicias naturalmente a la ocurrencia de procesos erosivos. La clase de moderada susceptibilidad a erosión representa cerca del 40% del municipio y el 54% de los rasgos erosivos se concentran en esa unidad. Palabras claves: Erosión; Modelo Digital del Terreno; Álgebra del Mapas.
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Hulko, Oleksandra. "SOIL EROSION DEGRADATION RESEARCH METHODS IN THE BRODIV DISTRICT." Technical Sciences and Technologies, no. 2(28) (2022): 162–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2411-5363-2022-2(28)-162-167.

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The study of the main factors causing erosive degradation of soils, the study of changes in soils under the influence of water erosion, and the modeling of existing and potential water washout of soil horizons determine the relevance of the conducted research. Analysis of morphologicalfeatures of degraded soils, laboratory analytical studies of their physical and physico-chemical properties, and with the help of GIS tools, modeling of soil washing under the influence of water erosion was carried out. The analysis of studies and publications on the analysis of the main factors that cause erosive degradation of soils, functional analysis and the implementation of modeling of soil washout under the influence of water erosion with the help of GIS tools showed that the issue of changes in background soils under the influence of water erosion and modeling of existing and potential water washout of soil horizons have received little attention in the scientific literature.The purpose of the article is a detailed study of the properties of gray forest, turf-carbonate and meadow soils, as well as the study of erosion processes within the studied territory.Cartographic and descriptive materials of the structure of land use in different years within this model area were studied, which made it possible to analyze the impact of approaches in land use on the intensification of water erosion and the degree of washing. Field and laboratory-analytical studies were conducted to study the morphological, physical, physico-chemical properties of the studied soils. A set of GIS maps has been developed. A 3D terrain model was created to determine the long-term average soil loss due to water erosion under a certain vegetation cover and with a certain tillage system, design and implementation of soil protection measures.For the first time, erosion processes are studied in the territory of the district in a temporal and spatial context. The obtained research results are a significant contribution to the development of the practical foundations of regional soil science. They are proposed to be used for improvement of soil diagnostics and classification; to develop measures to preserve and improve soil fertility; their protection from possible anthropogenic influence.
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KISS, J. J., E. DE JONG, and H. P. W. ROSTAD. "AN ASSESSMENT OF SOIL EROSION IN WEST-CENTRAL SASKATCHEWAN USING CESIUM-137." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 66, no. 4 (November 1, 1986): 591–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss86-059.

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Soil erosion in five Rural Municipalities of west-central Saskatchewan was assessed using cesium-137 as an indicator of soil redistribution. Native, noneroded soils across the study area were sampled to determine a baseline value for cesium-137 (2877 Bq m−2), which was used to predict the erosion of cultivated soils since the early 1960s. Soil redistribution estimates were calculated for idealized positions (upper, middle, lower) on medium-textured cultivated hillslopes, and for the total erosional portion of the hillslopes. Mean hillslope soil erosion rates were 23 ± 8 t ha−1 yr−1 for slopes with 0–3% gradient, 27 ± 9 t ha−1 yr−1 for 3–10% slopes, and 48 ± 16 t ha−1 yr−1 for 10–24% slopes, representing a soil removal of 3.8 cm, 4.4 cm, and 7.8 cm, respectively, since 1960. These soil losses represented between 27 and 67% of the topsoil and between 8 and 35% of the solum currently present within the eroding upslope areas. A significant positive correlation existed between the thickness of soil horizons and solums, and the rate of soil erosion on the upper and middle slope positions. The greatest erosion rates were determined for the upper slope positions, probably because of a dominance of wind and tillage erosion within the area. Soil erosion rates within slope classes decreased with increasing slope length, particularly on 10–24% slopes. Erosion by overland flow was considered to be of minor importance, especially on level landscapes (0–3% gradient) where erosion averaged 23 ± 8 t ha−1 yr−1. Erosion rates ranging between 23 and 48 t ha−1 y−1 occurred over approximately 2/3 of the cultivated study area. High rates of soil erosion over such a large portion of the landscape are alarming, considering that the accepted tolerable soil loss is 11.2–4.5 t ha−1 yr−1. Key words: Soil erosion, cesium-137, water erosion, wind erosion, hillslope
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4

Dufková, Jana. "Potential threat of southern Moravia soils by wind erosion." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 52, no. 2 (2004): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200452020033.

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Wind erosion is caused by meteorological factors such as wind, precipitation and evaporation that influence the soil humidity. Erosive-climatological factor expresses wind and humidity conditions of particular landscape. This is an index of the influence of average soil surface humidity and average wind velocity on average soil erodibility by wind. On the basis of average wind velocity and Konček’s humidity index, the values of the erosive-climatological factor for three chosen areas of Czech republic (Telč-Kostelní Myslová, Znojmo-Kuchařovice and Brno-Tuřany), where the pro-cesses of wind erosion could exist, were evaluated. Thus, the change of the factor’s value during the period of 1961 – 2000 was studied. The linear trend for the region of Brno and Znojmo (dry areas) shows increasing threat of soils by wind erosion, the contrary situation is at the humid area (Telč). The results prove the influence of soil humidity on the erosive-climatological factor and hereby the influence on wind erosion spreadout.
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Mosaid, Hassan, Ahmed Barakat, Vincent Bustillo, and Jamila Rais. "Modeling and Mapping of Soil Water Erosion Risks in the Srou Basin (Middle Atlas, Morocco) Using the EPM Model, GIS and Magnetic Susceptibility." Journal of Landscape Ecology 15, no. 1 (May 1, 2022): 126–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2022-0007.

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Abstract The Oued Srou watershed located in the Middle Atlas Mountain of Morocco has been a subject of serious soil erosion problems due to the combination of natural factors and anthropic activities. Therefore, soil erosion hazard assessment and mapping can be handy to initiate remedial measures in the area. In this study, the improved Erosion Potential Model (EPM) integrated with GIS and remote sensing techniques is employed to map and assess the vulnerability of the Oued Srou watershed to the water erosion phenomenon and its impact on the silting of the Ahmed El Hansali dam. The results of the EPM model showed that the maximum annual soil loss rates were in the range of 5-652 m3/km2/year, with an average of 49 m3/km2/year. The delivery coefficient ratio showed that about 34433 t/year of the sediments reach the outlet of the watershed. The correlation analysis between all erosion factors revealed the following order of their importance in the water erosion control: soil sensitivity to erosion, soil protection, slope, erosive state, temperature, and rainfall. The magnetic susceptibility provided results on the evolution of soils; it showed that the most degraded soils had a high erosion rate. Generally, the stable soils not eroded showed an upward increase of magnetic susceptibility values in soil profiles; the evolution of magnetic susceptibility of degraded soils is disturbed. The magnetic susceptibility has also made it possible to highlight the source zones of sediments that reach the outlet of the watershed.
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Shirriff, Katherine, Krishna Bahadur KC, and Aaron Berg. "Exploring the Relationship between Cover Crop Adoption and Soil Erosion Severity: A Case Study from the Simcoe Watershed, Ontario, Canada." Land 11, no. 7 (June 29, 2022): 988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11070988.

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Runoff from agricultural fields during the nongrowing season is a significant factor leading to phosphorous loading and diminishing water quality in Lake Simcoe, Ontario. Cover crops offer the potential to alleviate phosphorous loss during the nongrowing season by minimizing soil erosional processes and uptaking excess phosphorous; however, recent research suggests that its adoption remains relatively low. More concern lies with the lack of cover crop adoption on areas that are sensitive to soil erosion. This study intends to investigate the likelihood of agricultural productions located on erosive soils to adopt cover crops. Using satellite imagery in corroboration with the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), this study reveals the frequency of cover crop production and associates soil loss sensitivity at a 30 m resolution from 2013 to 2018. Consistent with recent literature, this study reveals that a small portion (18%) of agricultural operations in the south Simcoe Watershed have incorporated cover crops over the past six years. Cover crops tend to be adopted at a low frequency in areas that have a low sensitivity to soil erosion. This study reveals that areas with higher soil erosion sensitivity are consistent with low-frequency adoption, indicating that these areas are less likely to adopt cover crops regularly. Promoting farm-scale benefits associated with cover crops should target areas in the south Simcoe Watershed that are prone to soil erosion to mitigate total phosphorus (TP) loading into Lake Simcoe.
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Kong, Bo, and Huan Yu. "Estimation Model of Soil Freeze-Thaw Erosion in Silingco Watershed Wetland of Northern Tibet." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/636521.

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The freeze-thaw (FT) erosion is a type of soil erosion like water erosion and wind erosion. Limited by many factors, the grading evaluation of soil FT erosion quantities is not well studied. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the evaluation indices of soil FT erosion, we for the first time utilized the sensitivity of microwave remote sensing technology to soil moisture for identification of FT state. We established an estimation model suitable to evaluate the soil FT erosion quantity in Silingco watershed wetland of Northern Tibet using weighted summation method of six impact factors including the annual FT cycle days, average diurnal FT phase-changed water content, average annual precipitation, slope, aspect, and vegetation coverage. Finally, with the support of GIS, we classified soil FT erosion quantity in Silingco watershed wetland. The results showed that soil FT erosion are distributed in broad areas of Silingco watershed wetland. Different soil FT erosions with different intensities have evidently different spatial and geographical distributions.
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Ola, A., I. C. Dodd, and J. N. Quinton. "Can we manipulate root system architecture to control soil erosion?" SOIL 1, no. 2 (September 8, 2015): 603–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/soil-1-603-2015.

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Abstract. Soil erosion is a major threat to soil functioning. The use of vegetation to control erosion has long been a topic for research. Much of this research has focused on the above-ground properties of plants, demonstrating the important role that canopy structure and cover plays in the reduction of water erosion processes. Less attention has been paid to plant roots. Plant roots are a crucial yet under-researched factor for reducing water erosion through their ability to alter soil properties, such as aggregate stability, hydraulic function and shear strength. However, there have been few attempts to specifically manipulate plant root system properties to reduce soil erosion. Therefore, this review aims to explore the effects that plant roots have on soil erosion and hydrological processes, and how plant root architecture might be manipulated to enhance its erosion control properties. We demonstrate the importance of root system architecture for the control of soil erosion. We also show that some plant species respond to nutrient-enriched patches by increasing lateral root proliferation. The erosional response to root proliferation will depend upon its location: at the soil surface dense mats of roots may reduce soil erodibility but block soil pores thereby limiting infiltration, enhancing runoff. Additionally, in nutrient-deprived regions, root hair development may be stimulated and larger amounts of root exudates released, thereby improving aggregate stability and decreasing erodibility. Utilizing nutrient placement at specific depths may represent a potentially new, easily implemented, management strategy on nutrient-poor agricultural land or constructed slopes to control erosion, and further research in this area is needed.
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McHugh, Marianne. "Soil Erosion." Geographical Journal 165, no. 1 (March 1999): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3060530.

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Busscher, Warren. "Soil Erosion." Soil Science 154, no. 4 (October 1992): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694-199210000-00010.

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Дисертації з теми "Soil erosion"

1

Deneke, Fred. "Soil Erosion Control after Wildfire." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146945.

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DeGomez, Tom. "Soil Erosion Control after Wildfire." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/239603.

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Tenywa, Moses Makooma. "Soil erosion overland flow processes on spatially variable soils /." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148784853136528.

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Smith, Jennifer Lynn. "The use of rolled erosion control products (RECPs) for minimizing soil erosion." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available, full text:, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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Brandsma, Richard Theodorus. "Soil conditioner effects on soil erosion, soil structure and crop performance." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/99094.

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Want, Kay F. "Factors affecting soil erosion in weathered granite hills at Tai Lam, Hong Kong." Thesis, View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B30109097.

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Sherif, Abuabdalla Saad. "Modelling soil erosion in northwest Libya." Thesis, University of Reading, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415535.

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Alegre, Sergio Prats. "Soil erosion mitigation following forest wildfires." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/11925.

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Doutoramento em Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente - Planeamento e Gestão Ambiental
This study aims to measure the effectiveness of four post-fire emergency techniques for reducing overland flow and soil erosion on the central-Portugal typical forest. The selection and development of these techniques was based on the review of the scientific background, but specially after checking throughout field rainfall simulation experiments which factors were the key for runoff and soil erosion on the specific case of high repellent soils. The forest residue mulch, a new treatment never tested before, was highly effective in reducing runoff and soil erosion in recently burnt eucalypt forest. The logging slash mulch had no obvious effect, but it was attributed to the small amounts of runoff and sediments that the untreated plots produced due to the extensive needle cast following a low severity fire. The hydromulch, a mixture of water, organic fibres, seeds, nutrients and a surfactant used in cutted slopes rehabilitation was also highly successful and was specially indicated for especially sensible areas. The utilization of polyacrylamides, a chemical agent with good performance in agricultural erosion, was not successful in post-fire runoff and soil erosion control, once that did not alter the most important key factor for soil erosion: the ground cover. The development of a new fibre optic turbidity sensor was a successful development on the soil erosion determination methodology, and its patent is being processed in the mean time.
O presente trabalho centra-se na avaliação da efetividade de quatro técnicas de controlo da escorrência e da erosão após incêndios florestais, adaptadas para o caso de povoamentos florestais no centro norte de Portugal. A seleção e desenvolvimento das técnicas foi efetuada após revisão bibliográfica alargada, mas sobre tudo após a comprovação no campo, efetuando simulações de chuva, de quais os fatores determinantes da erosão nos solos típicos do centro norte do País, caracterizados por serem altamente repelentes ainda antes dos incêndios. O “mulch” com restos de casca de eucalipto triturada foi um tratamento pioneiro nunca antes testado e deu bons resultados no controlo da escorrência e da erosão em eucaliptais ardidos. O “mulch” com restos florestais não triturados (ramos, paus e folhas) aplicados em um pinhal recentemente ardido não pode ser bem testado devido à protecção natural que forneceram as agulhas do pinheiro que caíram das árvores. No entanto, a sua alta taxa de aplicação desaconselham a sua utilização. O “hidromulch”, uma variante do “mulch” composto por água, fibras orgânicas e sementes utilizadona restauração de taludes e pedreiras, também deu resultados altamente efetivos e foi indicado para o tratamento de áreas especialmente sensíveis. Por outro lado, a utilização de poliacrilamidas (PAM), um agente aglutinante com bastante êxito na redução da erosão em terrenos agrícolas e com alto potencial devido ao seu baixo custo, não obteve resultados satisfatórios, uma vez que não alterou o principal fator envolvido na geração da erosão: o coberto do solo. No decorrer destas experiências, foi ainda desenvolvido um sensor óptico de turvação que permite facilitar a determinação da concentração de sedimentos nas amostras de escorrência das parcelas de erosão. Atualmente, foi realizado o pedido de patente de um novo protótipo de sensor de turvação da água mais desenvolvido.
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Visser, Saskia M. "Modelling nutrient erosion by wind and water in northern Burkina Faso /." Wageningen : Wageningen University and Research Centre, 2004. http://www.mannlib.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/toc.cgi?5046904.

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Parker, Ronald Dean 1948. "The effect of spatial variability on output from the water erosion prediction project soil erosion computer model." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191165.

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Spatial variability is all that stands between hydrology and science, forcing us to deal in probabilities and averages. Because of scale, we can not consider forces on individual soil particles, water molecules and solute ions when addressing human size problems. We must therefore look at aggregate properties and mean values for parameters and inputs in computer modeling of hydrologic phenomena. This research explores the impact of spatially variable inputs on the Water Erosion Prediction Project soil erosion computer program. Distributions of input variables are generated and assigned randomly to a grid of homogeneous rangeland hillslope elements. Values for runoff volume and sediment loss from each flow path are recorded and averaged to provide a distribution of outputs in the form of a sensitivity analysis. Variabilities of slope, slope length, soil textures, soil characteristics, terrain, convex and concave slopes, soil saturation, rainfall amount and vegetation were examined. Results show that use of mean inputs values in the WEPP representative hillslope model yields very similar outputs to the spatially variable research model using a distribution of inputs in all simulations in the case of totally random bare rangeland soils. When a decreasing trend in soil clay content is introduced in the variable model, the hillslope model using average values as inputs no longer provides a good estimate of the sediment loss. When random vegetation is generated and added to the simulation, runoff volume continues to be similar between the two models, but the sediment loss is much higher in the spatially variable model. In addition, the results of the standard hillslope model are much less responsive to changes in slope than those of the spatially variable model. It is concluded that spatial variability of soils must be considered when there is a linear change in input values with slope position. Likewise spatial variability of vegetation needs to be addressed in order to accurately estimate erosion on the rangeland watersheds considered in this dissertation. It is also found that this type of simulation provides a model for sensitivity analysis of a complex computer programs. Physically related inputs can be generated in such a way as to preserve the desired interrationships and distributions of inputs can be directly compared to generated distributions of outputs.
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Книги з теми "Soil erosion"

1

Schmidt, Jürgen, ed. Soil Erosion. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04295-3.

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2

1932-, Burnham C. P., Pitman J. I, and South East England Soils Discussion Group., eds. Soil erosion. London: South East England Soils Discussion Group, 1987.

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Sahoo, A. K. Soil erosion Orissa. Nagpur: National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, 2005.

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4

K, Tiwari A., Maji A. K, and Indian Council of Agricultural Research. National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning., eds. Soil erosion, Chhattisgarh. Nagpur: National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning, and Central Soil & Water Conservation Research & Training Institute, Dehradun, in co-operation with Dept. of Agriculture, Govt. of Chhattisgarh, Raipur, 2003.

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Indian Council of Agricultural Research. National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Central Soil & Water Conservation Research & Training Institute, and Jharkhand (India). Department of Agriculture & Cane Development, eds. Soil erosion Jharkhand. Nagpur, Maharashtra, India: National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning and Central Soil and Water Conservation Research & Training Institute in co-operation with Department of Agriculture & Cane Development, Government of Jharkhand, India, 2014.

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Indian Council of Agricultural Research. National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning. and Central Soil and Water Conservation Research & Training Institute (Dehra Dūn, India), eds. Soil erosion Assam. Nagpur: National Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning, 2005.

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1939-, Follett R. F., and Stewart B. A. 1932-, eds. Soil erosion and crop productivity. Madison, Wis., U.S.A: American Society of Agronomy, 1985.

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8

Indian Council of Agricultural Research. National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning and Central Soil & Water Conservation Research & Training Institute, eds. Soil erosion in Uttarakhand. Nagpur: National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning & Central Soil and Water Conservation Research & Training Institute, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Dehradun, 2013.

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9

Indian Council of Agricultural Research. National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning and Central Soil & Water Conservation Research & Training Institute, eds. Soil erosion in Haryana. Nagpur: National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning & Central Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training Institute, Uttarakhand, 2011.

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Indian Council of Agricultural Research. National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning and Central Soil & Water Conservation Research & Training Institute, eds. Soil erosion in Punjab. Nagpur: National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning and Central Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training Institute, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 2013.

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Частини книг з теми "Soil erosion"

1

Gogichaishvili, Gizo. "Soil Erosion." In World Soils Book Series, 135–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18509-1_7.

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Giandon, Paolo. "Soil Erosion." In Environmental Indicators, 307–17. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9499-2_19.

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Colazo, Juan Cruz, Patricia Carfagno, Jorge Gvozdenovich, and Daniel Buschiazzo. "Soil Erosion." In World Soils Book Series, 239–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76853-3_17.

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Ritchie, Jerry C. "Soil Erosion." In Remote Sensing in Hydrology and Water Management, 271–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59583-7_12.

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Javits, Jacob K., William Mary, Bruce A. Bracken, Joyce VanTassel-Baska, Lori C. Bland, Tamra Stambaugh, Valerie Gregory, et al. "Soil Erosion." In Dig It! an earth and space science unit for high-ability learners in grade 3, 91–95. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003234692-17.

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Mukherjee, Swapna. "Soil Erosion." In Current Topics in Soil Science, 117–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92669-4_11.

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Middleton, Nick. "Soil Erosion." In The Global Casino, 370–93. 7th ed. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003395096-14.

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Favis-Mortlock, D. T., and A. J. T. Guerra. "The Influence of Global Greenhouse-Gas Emissions on Future Rates of Soil Erosion: a Case Study from Brazil Using WEPP-CO2." In Soil Erosion, 3–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04295-3_1.

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Parsons, A. J., and J. Wainwright. "A Process-Based Evaluation of a Process-Based Soil-Erosion Model." In Soil Erosion, 181–97. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04295-3_10.

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Schröder, A. "WEPP, EUROSEM, E-2D: Results of Applications at the Plot Scale." In Soil Erosion, 199–250. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04295-3_11.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Soil erosion"

1

Wilson, Grace, Brian Gelder, Brent Dalzell, Daryl Herzmann, and David Mulla. "The Daily Erosion Project - Incorporating Wind Erosion." In Soil Erosion Research Under a Changing Climate, January 8-13, 2023, Aguadilla, Puerto Rico, USA. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/soil.23064.

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Wilson, Grace, Brian Gelder, Brent Dalzell, Daryl Herzmann, and David Mulla. "The Daily Erosion Project - Incorporating Wind Erosion." In Soil Erosion Research Under a Changing Climate, January 8-13, 2023, Aguadilla, Puerto Rico, USA. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/soil.2023064.

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Cerdà, Artemi, and Enric Terol. "SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE MANAGEMENTS TO CONTROL SOIL EROSION." In 3rd Congress in Geomatics Engineering. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cigeo2021.2021.13258.

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Анотація:
High rates of soil erosion compromise sustainable agriculture. In rainfed agricultural fields, erosion rates several orders ofmagnitude higher than the erosion rates considered tolerable have been quantified. In Mediterranean rainfed crops suchas vineyards, almonds and olive groves, and in the new sloping citrus and persimmon plantations, the rates of soil lossmake it necessary to apply measures to reduce them to avoid collapse in agricultural production. Managements such asweeds, catch crops and mulches (straw and pruning remains) are viable options to achieve sustainability. This work appliesmeasurements through plots, simulated rainfall experiments and ISUM (Improved Stock-Unearhing method) to quantifythe loss of soil at different temporal and spatial scales in fields of traditional management (herbicide or tillage) and underalternative management (mulches and plant covers). The work carried out at the experimental station for the study of soilerosion in the Sierra de Enguera and those of Montesa and Les Alcusses provide information on erosion plots undernatural rain. Experiments carried out with simulated rain in fields of olive, almond, citrus, persimmon, vineyard and fruittrees report the hydrological and erosive response under low frequency and high intensity rains. And finally, the ISUMtopographic method report the impact of long-term management, from the plantation. The results indicate that the loss ofsoil is greater (x10-1000) in soils under traditional management (tillage and herbicide) due to the fact that they remain barefor most of the year. The use of straw mulch immediately reduces soil erosion by two orders of magnitude. Also mulchesfrom chipped pruned branches remains are very efficient but require more years to reduce soil loss. Weeds and catchcrops are very efficient in controlling erosion.
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Ted M Zobeck, Matthew C Baddock, R. Scott Van Pelt, John Tatarko, and Veronica Acosta-Martinez. "Soil Property Effects on Wind Erosion of Organic Soils." In International Symposium on Erosion and Landscape Evolution (ISELE), 18-21 September 2011, Anchorage, Alaska. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.39224.

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NOVÁK, Petr, Jiří MAŠEK, Josef HŮLA, Lukáš BENEŠ, and Jitka KUMHÁLOVÁ. "SOIL TILLAGE FOCUSING ON THE REDUCTION OF WATER EROSION OF SOIL IN THE CULTIVATION OF SELECTED FIELD CROPS." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.015.

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Water erosion is a problem of global significance. Water erosion destroys or damages a vast expanse of usable agricultural land every year. Conditions in the Czech Republic are characterized by high average slope of the land. It is reported that approximately half of land in the Czech Republic is threatened by water erosion. Water erosion is a natural process that cannot be fully prevented. In case of agricultural land an important option is suitable tillage, which may reduce symptoms of water erosion. The problem of water erosion of agricultural land is growing in the Czech Republic, which is mainly caused by the growth of wide areas of crops (maize). This is due to expansion of biogas power plants using parts of maize silage. The aim of paper is to evaluate and assess the crop stand establishment in conditions of resistance to water erosion. For this purpose, a field experiment was set up. This experiment affects the most widely used methods of maize cultivation in Central Bohemia region. It consists of six variants of crops and technologies stand establishment and control treatment without vegetation. To determine the surface runoff and erosive wash was used measurement by runoff microplots. From processed measurement the positive impact of reduced tillage on soil resistance to water erosion results can be confirmed. The consequence is a reduction of surface runoff and especially erosive washes of soil. Impact of ground cover with organic matter is favorable, even in case of conventional tillage. The results of the experiment are directly applicable to agricultural practices. Results of the experiment were used for the legislative recommendations of appropriate technology (wide-row crops on slopes).
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Cisler, Martin, Frantisek Horejs, Michal Strnad, and Libor Matyas. "Influence of organic fertilizers on soil erosion parameters in maize crop." In 23rd International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2024.23.tf165.

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Every year, large amounts of agricultural land are threatened by water erosion. Fields with sloping land are particularly at risk. The impact of water erosion on soil and fine soil particles is very serious. Water erosion is a natural process and cannot be stopped. It can only be reduced or slowed down. To reduce the impact of water erosion, erosion control measures are used to protect the soil surface and fine soil particles. The most risk crops from the view of water erosion are wide-row crops. The aim of this research was to assess the effect of organic fertilizers on soil erosion parameters in maize crop. To achieve the results, a field experiment focusing on three organic fertilizers (manure, digestate, compost), was established on a sloping plot with an average slope of 5.29°. Each fertilizer was represented in two variants at different rates. Two variants were added as a control. One with maize cover without fertilizer application and the second without vegetation. Surface runoff and erosive wash were measured using the micro-parcel runoff method. Based on the results from the measurements, a positive effect of organic fertilizers on water erosion mitigation can be demonstrated, primarily reducing erosive wash and surface runoff. Both are associated with improved soil infiltration. It is therefore possible to consider the use of infiltration strips with extreme doses of organic fertiliser on erosion-prone areas of land. Furthermore, there was no confirmation of the expected reduction in soil water infiltration for the option where digestate was applied.
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Brunier-Coulin, F., P. Cuéllar, and P. Philippe. "Local mechanisms of cohesive soil erosion." In The 8th International Conference on Scour and Erosion. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315375045-121.

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Eger, Andre, Olivia Burge, and Peter Almond. "Soil Erosion Rejuvenates Vegetation Community Composition." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.647.

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Utley, B. C., and T. M. Wynn. "Cohesive Soil Erosion: Theory and Practice." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2008. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40976(316)289.

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Guo Xu, Du Mingyi, and Kang Yanyan. "Soil erosion analysis based on DEM." In 2010 2nd International Conference on Information Science and Engineering (ICISE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icise.2010.5691270.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Soil erosion"

1

Burroughs, Edward R., and John G. King. Reduction of soil erosion on forest roads. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/int-gtr-264.

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Bradford, Joe, Itzhak Shainberg, and Lloyd Norton. Effect of Soil Properties and Water Quality on Concentrated Flow Erosion (Rills, Ephermal Gullies and Pipes). United States Department of Agriculture, November 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613040.bard.

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Concentrated flow erosion in rills, pipes, ephermal gullies, and gullies is a major contributor of downstream sedimentation. When rill or gullies form in a landscape, a 3- to 5-fold increase in soil loss commonly occurs. The balance between the erosive power of the flow and the erosion resistance of the bed material determines the rate of concentrated flow erosion. The resistance of the bed material to detachment depends primarily on the magnitude of the interparticle forces or cohesion holding the particles and aggregates together. The effect of soil properties on bed material resistance and concentrated flow erosion was evaluated both in the laboratory and field. Both rill erodibility and critical hydraulic shear were greater when measured in 9.0 m long rills under field conditions compared with laboratory mini-flumes. A greater hydraulic shear was required to initiate erosion in the field compared to the mini-flume because of the greater aggregate and clod size and stability. Once erosion was initiated, however, the rate of erosion as a function of hydraulic shear was greater under field conditions because of the greater potential for slaking upon wetting and the greater soil surface area exposed to hydraulic shear. Erosion tests under controlled laboratory conditions with the mini-flume allowed individual soil variables to be studied. Attempts to relate rill erosion to a group soil properties had limited success. When individual soil properties were isolated and studied separately or grouped separately, some trends were identified. For example, the effect of organic carbon on rill erodibility was high in kaolinitic soils, low in smectitic soils, and intermediate in the soils dominated by illite. Slow prewetting and aging increased the cohesion forces between soil particles and decreased rill erodibility. Quick prewetting increased aggregate slaking and increased erodibility. The magnitude of the effect of aging depended upon soil type. The effect of clay mineralogy was evaluated on sand/clay mixtures with montmorillonite (M), Illite (I), and kaolinite (K) clays. Montmorillonite/sand mixtures were much less erodible than either illite or kaolonite sand mixtures. Na-I and Na-K sand mixtures were more erodible than Ca-I and Ca-K due to increased strength from ionic bonding and suppression of repulsive charges by Ca. Na-M was less erodiblethan Ca-M due to increased surface resulting from the accessibility of internal surfaces due to Na saturation. Erodibility decreased when salt concentration was high enough to cause flocculation. This occurred between 0.001 mole L-1 and 0.01 mole L-1. Measuring rill erodibility in mini-flumes enables the measurement of cohesive forces between particles and enhances our ability to learn more about cohesive forces resisting soil detachment under concentrated water flow.
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Ligotke, M. W., and D. C. Klopfer. Soil erosion rates from mixed soil and gravel surfaces in a wind tunnel. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6603562.

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Bhattarai, Rabin, Yufan Zhang, and Owen Yao. Evaluation of Net-free Erosion Control Blankets. Illinois Center for Transportation, November 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/23-026.

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Erosion control blankets (ECBs) protect soil from being detached and transported by raindrops and subsequential overland runoff while assisting in vegetation growth. ECBs have several characteristics, for example, thickness, mass per unit area, tensile strength, elongation, water absorption, etc. However, the impact of these characteristics on the performance in mitigating erosion has yet to be well understood. To better understand the interactions of ECB properties with the detachment and transport of sediment, field tests were conducted at the Erosion Control Research and Training Center at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Various ECBs, including net-free ECBs and bionet ECBs, were tested on a 3H:1V hillslope under a 30-minute simulated rainfall event (2 in./hr). The soil used on the testing plot was silty clay loam. To investigate ECB effectiveness, total runoff volume, runoff start/end time, peak runoff rate, and sediment yield were monitored during each test. The results showed that water absorption played a big role in enhancing the performance of ECBs. The materials absorbed a large amount of water at the beginning and then acted as a wet film to cover the hillslope, reducing soil erosion by the overland flow when the soil was saturated. This wet film continued to reduce soil detachment, although it probably did not help with runoff reduction after saturation. Among the blankets tested, Profile F4 Netless was the most degradable and lightest one. North American Green DS75 had the most cost efficiency with $0.4 /sq. yd. There was no big difference in the installation method.
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Robichaud, Peter R., and Robert E. Brown. Silt fences: An economical technique for measuring hillslope soil erosion. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-94.

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Slaughter, C. W., and J. W. Aldrich. Annotated bibliography on soil erosion and erosion control in subarctic and high-latitude regions of North America. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-gtr-253.

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Ligotke, M. W. Soil erosion rates from mixed soil and gravel surfaces in a wind tunnel: A preliminary report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6631013.

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Kistner, Erica. A Field Day to the Long Term Agricultural Research Site. USDA Midwest Climate Hub, October 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.6957454.ch.

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Анотація:
Soil erosion is quickly becoming a severe problem throughout the Midwest and the situation is predicted to worsen unless more sustainable management practices are adopted. Management practices like reduced tillage and cover crops are recommended to help present soil erosion, enhance soil quality, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
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Kistner, Erica. A Field Day to the Long Term Agricultural Research Site, Hamilton County, IA. Ames, Iowa: United States Department of Agriculture, Midwest Climate Hub, February 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6592637.ch.

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Анотація:
Soil erosion is quickly becoming a severe problem throughout the Midwest and the situation is predicted to worsen unless more sustainable management practices are adopted. Management practices like reduced tillage and cover crops are recommended to help present soil erosion, enhance soil quality, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
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Robbins, Bryant, and Maureen Corcoran. Calculation of levee-breach widening rates. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44163.

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Inundation modeling is often conducted for levee systems to understand current flood risks. The extent of inundation caused by a breach in the levee is highly influenced by the widening rate of the levee breach. This study presents an approach for calculating levee-breach widening rates based on average flow velocity through the breach, embankment height, and erosion characteristics of the soil. Estimates of soil erodibility are derived through an analysis of the measurements of soil erodibility presented in the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 915 database. Levee-breach widening rate curves are calculated based on these erosion properties to demonstrate the approach, and default curves are presented for typical levees built from coarse-grained soils and fine-grained soils. While the most accurate approach for a site is to calculate site-specific widening rate curves based on estimates of local soil erodibility, the default curves presented provide a suitable starting point for initial inundation modeling.
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