Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Slovenian Civilization"

This article presents some of the difficulties that arose for students during courses in Romanian language, culture, and civilization at the University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, and suggests some teaching solutions tested in the classes. Proceeding from the frame work of functionalcognitive grammar, the solutions that were chosen for interpreting and correcting students’ expression combine semantic, teaching, and pragmatic criteria. The analysis covers frequent mistakes and the most characteristic mistakes observed in Slovenian students’ speech, and the most appropriate solutions are suggested for them. This article represents a starting point for a Romanian textbook tailored to Slovenian students.

Civilization is a concept that ontologically defines the individual and the communities in which it develops. The most global civilization is the one that has emerged in the West. Civilization is not something static, but an organism that draws its roots from the distant past. In this sense, it is fundamental to answer the question of what are the constitutive elements that define Western civilization. This question only makes sense if it is asked in a historical perspective. In this direction the Freemasonry, A Very Short Introduction is a crucial one. It presents the analysis revealing how the history of freemasonry is related to the evolution of Western identity. It has to be read in the light of Niall Ferguson’s monograph The West and the Rest. The present text does so. The book then brings to light the contribution of the brotherhood to the intellectual habitus of what is called the Judeo-Christian civilization, at the present time still predominant on the Planet. The intellectual apparatus of the Freemasonry, A Very Short Introduction permits to elucidate the history of the masonic movement and its influence on events that seem unconnected and coincidental. Thus, this article tries to explain certain historical turning points in South-Eastern Europe, precisely in the light of the masonic alliances, in particular the case of the Illyrian Provinces and the first Slovenian poet, Valentin Vodnik, and secondly, what concerns the emergence of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, which the author of the article defines as the result of the masonic strategy (the Grand Lodge of France and the Grand Orient of France).

For the Slovenian-born journalist, novelist and populist historian Louis Adamic, Ellis Island was as central to American civilization as Plymouth Rock. Throughout the 1930s and into the 1940s, Adamic dedicated himself to raising public awareness about the essential role of immigrants in the life of the nation. Adamic chronicled the stories and contributions of famous and not-so-famous immigrants from a variety of ethnic groups and challenged his adopted country to be true to its democratic ideals.

Since the introduction of the Bologna process in higher education, future Slovenian teachers of French as a foreign language have been trained at the master's level after completing language, literature, and civilization courses at the bachelor's level. The pedagogical program consists mainly of psychological and pedagogical subjects, and there is little room for language classes. The situation is apparently similar in other countries, for example, in Romania: "As the study program is too full, there is little room left to our students for individual research, for reflection on grammar problems" (Manolache, 2013: 58). The French language will, however, constitute the discipline of the future teachers that we train and "mastering the discipline and having a good general culture" (Rey, 2012: 86) is one of the professional skills cited in the official programs. Every language teacher should first be a good philologist. We wonder if, for future teachers, three years of BA studies are enough to learn the language to be able to transmit it afterward to their future learners. The students - future teachers - find themselves in a transitional stage between learners and teachers. They are looking for professional autonomy, which is difficult, especially if they have doubts about their language proficiency. In this article, we propose to present the training of French as a foreign language in Slovenia and to expose points that seem problematic, among others, the language skills of future teachers. After analyzing the students' lesson planning prepared for the final course in high school, which also serves as an exam, we find that, even though these documents are written in schematic form, they are not without errors, sometimes quite basic. One of the solutions would be to introduce more language courses at the bachelor's level and especially at the master's level. This is also what the students propose in their evaluations.

The article provides a historiographical overview and analysis of specific English-language publications by contemporary Slovenian researcher Marjeta Šašel Kos on the Illyrian issue. Issues related to hypotheses about the origin of the Illyrians, significant events in their internal history, achievements in various fields of culture, and an objective assessment of their relationship with the Greco-Roman world form the basis for an in-depth study of the ancient population of the Western Balkans, Central and Southwestern Europe. The world of Illyrian tribes, who were inhabitants of the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, the northwestern part of the Balkan Peninsula, and the southeastern part of the Alpine region, was in close proximity to the borders of the spread of the Greco-Roman civilization and its culture. Numerous Illyrian tribes, formed in the northern and southern ethno-cultural zone of the Eastern Hallstatt, were among the oldest tribal formations in the barbarian world of Europe (Pax Barbaricum). The world of the Illyrian tribes was sought to be understood by the ancient Greeks, followed by the Romans. However, contacts between representatives of these two diametrically opposite worlds ended in confrontation and assimilation. After numerous and bloody clashes, the world of the Illyrians lost its identity, underwent powerful Hellenization and Romanization, and acquired signs of deep provinciality. Therefore, the article's author seeks to introduce the reader to the achievements of individual bright and talented representatives of contemporary Illyriology and popularize their scientific work. Marjeta Šašel Kos's scientific work is diverse and productive (several extensive and substantive monographs and more than 70 scientific articles). The Slovenian researcher bases her views on archaeological and epigraphic materials, information comparisons, and reasoned criticism of ancient historians and geographers. All of these trends pursue a particular goal: to overcome the stereotype of perceiving representatives of the tribal world of ancient Europe, which was shaped by Greco-Roman written tradition. The review of her English-language works on the Illyrian issue demonstrates that Slovenian and European Illyriology are actively developing, allowing us to get to know and understand the specifics of the historical development of the ancient Illyrians.

In 2007, Slovenia was one of the first countries to adopt light pollution prevention legislation with the Decree on limiting values of light pollution [1]. As such, Slovenian experience is ideal for studying the effectiveness of the taken measures and of remaining factors, preventing fully resolving the problem. Undisputed progress has been made with the Decree in many respects. Different sources of light pollution are covered and the country is largely respecting the Decree requirements. Following the requirement to harmonize the lighting with the Decree by 2017, today more or less all street lighting meets the ULOR = 0 condition and other most problematic issues have been mostly resolved. Following the technology advances, LED lighting is largely introduced, thus making it easier to meet the Decree limitation of power consumption. Despite all the progress, the country is facing a wide spread of light pollution, as the road and street lighting are intensively spreading to new locations. The Decree sought to limit the total amount of public lighting with a limit of annual power consumption of 44,5 kWh/capita, but with technology shift to LED the effect of this limit has failed. Furthermore, the technical measures and quantitative limits are not sufficient to provide ecologically and spatially appropriate lighting. In the lack of comprehensive eco-spatial policies, based also on much stricter estimations of cost/benefit ratio, the lighting is almost completely subject to the technical decisions of the state road authorities, reckless civilizational pressure on the municipality level and international lighting standards, strongly influencing both previously listed factors.

Ruefully the editors of the review Acta Neophilologica announce the loss of our co-worker Henry A. Christian, Professor of American Literature at Rutgers University in Newark, New Jersey. He died on 4. April 1997 on his estate at Millburn in New Jersey. For many years he paid in his scholarly researches special attention to the problems of cultural contacts between Slovenia and the United States in which also Slovenes living in America play an important role: he has approached these problems as an Americanist, interested in the history of American civilization. This is why we wish to remember him on our pages.

Ruefully the editors of the review Acta Neophilologica announce the loss of our co-worker Henry A. Christian, Professor of American Literature at Rutgers University in Newark, New Jersey. He died on 4. April 1997 on his estate at Millburn in New Jersey. For many years he paid in his scholarly researches special attention to the problems of cultural contacts between Slovenia and the United States in which also Slovenes living in America play an important role: he has approached these problems as an Americanist, interested in the history of American civilization. This is why we wish to remember him on our pages.

Der wissenschaftliche Nachlass des Akademikers István Nyomárkay (1937–2020) umfasst etwa 280 Publikationen. Aufgrund des begrenzten Umfangs fokussiert sich diese Studie auf die Darstellung seiner wichtigsten Monografien.Im Bereich der Sprachkontakte wird die morphologische Integration der Internationalismen in das Sprachsystem der kroatoserbischen / serbokroatischen Schriftsprache in der ersten Monographie (1984) analysiert. Viele der betrachteten Internationalismen, die letztendlich lateinischen Ursprung haben, wurden nicht direkt aus dem Lateinischen übernommen, sondern wurden aus dem Deutschen, Italienischen und Französischen entlehnt. Dieses Buch war derzeit die erste große Synthese in diesem Bereich.Die folgende Monographie (1989) erforscht die Entstehung der neuen Zivilisationswörter der kroatischen Sprache in der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts. Die meisten Ausdrücke wurden aus politischen und kulturellen Gründen nach ungarischen Mustern geprägt. Sie sind teilweise Lehnprägungen, teilweise Neubildungen. Bei ihrer Entstehung wirkten Impulse von ungarischen Vorbildern mit.Auf das Gebiet der Sprachkultur gehört das Buch von 2002. Hier wird der Einfluss einer 1779 in Wien veröffentlichten deutschen Grammatik auf slowenische, slowakische, kroatische und ungarische Grammatiken analysiert. Obwohl zahlreiche Elemente der deutschen Grammatik übernommen wurden, passten die Autoren andere Befunde in modifizierter Form ihren eigenen Sprachen an.Unter Nyomárkays lexikographischen Werken ragt das sprachhistorische Wörterbuch des Burgenlandkroatischen (1996) hervor. Das 4864 Stichwörter umfassende Wortmaterial stammt ausschließlich aus 64 Quellen. Das Wörterbuch, ein wichtiges Werk für die Sprachgeschichte, dient auch als geeignetes Hilfsmittel zum Lesen alter Texte.Die letzte Monographie (2007) des Autors über die Geschichte der kroatischen bzw. serbischen Sprache gehört in den Bereich der Sprachgeschichte. Es ist die erste Synthese der Geschichte der erwähnten Sprachen auf Ungarisch. Es handelt sich um ein im leserfreundlichen Stil geschriebenes wissenschaftliches Werk, das ungarischen Linguisten und Studierenden gewidmet ist.Es ist sehr wichtig hervorzuheben, dass alle oben betrachteten Bücher auf der Analyse von zahlreichen Quellen beruhen.Academic István Nyomárkay (1937–2020) left a great legacy of his oeuvre, consisting of more than 280 publications. For size limits, this study presents only a few of the most important domains of Professor Nyomárkay’s research, based on some of his books.In the field of language contacts, his first monograph (1984) examines the integration of international loanwords into the morphological structure of the Croato-Serbian / Serbo-Croatian literary language. These international loanwords, eventually, are of Latin origin. Many of them are not Latin loanwords but they got adopted into the Croato-Serbian literary language by the mediation of the German, Italian, and French languages. This book was the first major synthesis in this field at that time.The next monograph (1989) examines the formation of the new words in the vocabulary related to Croatian civilization in the second half of the 19th century. Due to political and cultural reasons, the new expressions were created mainly on Hungarian patterns. Some of them are calques, other ones are new word formations inspired by Hungarian.The book published in 2002 pertaining to language-culture research investigates the influence of a German grammar published in Vienna in 1779 onto the grammars of Slovenian, Slovak, Croatian, and Hungarian. The authors took over many elements of the German grammar and adapted them to their own language each, with some modifications of several of its statements.From among the lexicographical works of Nyomárkay’s, the historical dictionary of the literary language of the Croatians in Burgenland is an outstanding piece (1996). It contains 4,864 entries, which were taken from 64 resources. Apart from the fact that the dictionary is a work of salient importance from language historical point of view, it also offers considerable help in reading old texts.The last monograph of the author on the history of the Serbian and Croatian languages (2007) pertains to the domain of language history. This is the first summary of the history of the aforementioned languages written in Hungarian. It is a piece of scholarly work in an easy to read style, addressing linguists and university students in Hungary.It is very important to point out that each of the books considered above is based on the analysis of numerous sources.

The article analyzes the philosophical problems of legal Slavistics associated with the formation of the updated pan-Slavic state-legal ideology aimed at the development and improvement of Confederate and Federal forms of Slavic Association. The author consistently investigates conceptual, civilizational and geopolitical obstacles of the Slavic unity connected with religious, military-political and nationalist dissociation of the Slavic peoples. At the same time, the presented work suggests ways to overcome the anti-Slavic political and legal dogmas, with the help of education aimed at the formation among the Slavs of the pan-Slavic doctrine of the primacy of the Slavic communal-tribal system, built on the basis of archaic socialism (mutual responsibility and mutual assistance); Veche rule; freedom, denial of all forms of slavery; linguistic kinship; organic unity of personal and community interests, with the recognition of the unconditional primacy of sovereign values over private; as well as the supremacy of spiritual and moral principles over material needs. In practical terms, a legal project is proposed for the development of the Union State of the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation, which in the form of government can be a collegial Republic, in the form of state-territorial structure - a Confederation with a tendency to federalization and a democratic-polyarchic state regime. In addition, the author believes that from a civilizational point of view, Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia are predisposed to unite in the West Slavic Confederation-the Great Vagria or Venea; Russia, Ukraine and Belarus, having common historical, state and religious - Orthodox roots are obliged within the framework of reunification to create the East Slavic Confederation-Svetlorossia; in the Balkans, led by Serbia, it is necessary to revive the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia with the inclusion of the Republic of Serbia, the Republic of Montenegro, the Republic of Northern Macedonia, the Republic of Bulgaria, the Republic of Serbia Krajina. Slovenia and Croatia should be merged into the Croatian-Slovenian Federation. In the future, Slavic confederal unions and the Federation, together with the Slavic communities beyond the national borders of the Slavic Nations ( for example, Sorbs in Germany) for the preservation of their identity and the free development have the potential to unite in a pan-Slavic Union state - the Great Vseslav. It is advisable to elect a collegial Republic as a form of government of the great all-Russia; a form of state-territorial unity of the Confederate-Federal Union of Slavic peoples, communities and States with a socially guaranteed regime of political democracy.

The aging of society is an important achievement of civilization but at the same time a major organizational challenge. Knowing the specific needs of older people and adapting jobs accordingly, will help companies to retain important skills, be step ahead of the competition and take the path towards sustainable development and progress. By conducting a comparative analysis of aspects of treatment of the elderly employees in large companies in Slovenia, we found more or less consistent pattern of positive and negative beliefs about older employees. On the other hand, it has been shown that companies are now more aware of the importance of implementing voluntary measures (workplace health management, education and training, culture and relations within the company).