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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Slavery, tanzania"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 26 липня 2024

Оновлено: 27 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Slavery, tanzania"

Banshchikova, Anastasia, and Oxana Ivanchenko. "Abolition of the 19th Century Arab Slave Trade in the Current Views of Christian and Muslim Afro-Tanzanians." Anthropos 118, no. 2 (2023): 433–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0257-9774-2023-2-433.

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Memories of the so-called Arab slave trade are quite vivid in Tanzania. Those Tanzanians whose ancestors were enslaved or belonged to communities affected by the slave trade, as well as carriers of the oral history still tell about it. We present the results of recent field studies in Tanzania to reveal these memories of the slave trade and especially of its abolition, their impact on current Afro-Tanzanian approaches to Arabs, and the differences between Christian and Muslim Afro-Tanzanians regarding the trends of their attitudes towards these topics (the Christians often say that the main reasons of slavery abolition were humanitarian ones and stress the contribution of missionaries; the Muslims usually named other and various factors: drop in the slave trade profits, industrial revolution in Europe, British-French rivalry, etc.) as well as their attitudes towards the Arabs. The impact of current political debates on this divergence between Christian and Muslim Afro-Tanzanians is dealt with, too.

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Nyanto, Salvatory Stephen. "Decolonizing Curriculum: Slavery, Empire, and History Teaching in Tanzania, 1961—2022." ISTORIYA 13, no. 12-2 (122) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840024111-1.

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In this paper the author examines the teaching of the history of slavery and empire in schools and universities in Tanzania. The study centers on the history curriculum and university's history course syllabi to show the themes of slavery and empire have been taught in Tanzania over the past five decades of the development of historical knowledge in Tanzania. The author attempts to show that the dominance of nationalist and materialist traditions that have defined the study of the Tanzanian past has pushed slavery to the periphery of Tanzanian history. Consequently, slavery as a topic and an analytical teaching category remained in the margins of history, being studied simply as part of the mode of production. Ultimately, the paper intends to show that the limited focus on teaching slavery and empire in Tanzanian schools and universities ought to be understood in terms of the national imperatives as well as the nature and character of history curriculum and syllabi that have paid relatively less attention to the topics.

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Nyanto, Salvatory. "“Waliletwa na Kengele ya Kanisa!”: Discourses of Slave Emancipation and Conversion at Ndala Catholic Mission in Western Tanzania, 1896-1913." Tanzania Journal of Sociology 2 (June 30, 2017): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/tajoso.v2i.6.

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Religious discourse has recently attracted attention of anthropologists in Tanzania looking at Christian-Muslim relations and Islamic revivalism within specific social and political contexts. This paper contributes to the existing knowledge of religious discourse in Tanzania by looking at the discourses of slave emancipation and conversion at Ndala within the historical context, that is, from 1896 to 1913. The paper relies on the missionary reports in the diary of Ndala Catholic Mission, secondary sources, and interviews collected at Ndala with descendants of former slaves. The paper employs Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) as a framework to examine vocabularies, expressions, the social contexts and effects of the discourses of men and women about slavery, emancipation, and conversion at Ndala. The paper also relies on Ruth Wodak’s discourse historical method to analyse the social processes, in historical context, of slave emancipation and conversion reported in the diary of Ndala, written sources, and the interviews of descendants of former slaves.

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Banshchikova, Anastasia. "Julius Nyerere, Comprehension of Slavery, and Nation Building: Some Notes on Popular Consciousness in Modern Tanzania." Uchenie zapiski Instituta Afriki RAN 65, no. 4 (December 10, 2023): 122–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31132/2412-5717-2023-65-4-122-130.

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This article examines the image of Julius Nyerere, the first president of independent Tanzania, among present-day citizens. Spotting of both the presence and persistence of his image in popular consciousness became an unexpected result of unrelated field research on the historical memory of 19th century slave trade and its influence on interethnic relations in the country. The study did not include any questions about Julius Nyerere, colonialism, or Tanzania’s independence. However, many respondents on their own will start talking about Nyerere’s role in connection with the abolition of the slave trade (sic), about his contribution to building a peaceful nation without ethnic tensions, the spread of the Swahili language, and education. The variety of answers shows that almost any positive shift in the development of Tanganyika and Tanzania can be attributed to him in popular consciousness. This demonstrates the continuing importance of Nyerere’s image and legacy for ordinary Tanzanians.

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Rhodes, Daniel T. "History, Materialization, and Presentation of Slavery in Tanzania." Journal of African Diaspora Archaeology and Heritage 7, no. 2 (May 4, 2018): 165–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21619441.2019.1589714.

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Banschikova, Anastasia A. "Tanzania. Modern slavery, interethnic relations, and group perception of Arabs." Asia and Africa Today, no. 5 (2021): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s032150750015052-9.

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Glassman, Jonathon. "The Bondsman's New Clothes: The Contradictory Consciousness of Slave Resistance on the Swahili Coast." Journal of African History 32, no. 2 (July 1991): 277–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700025731.

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The most fruitful approaches to the study of slave resistance in the New World have involved examination of the slaves' struggles to create and control institutions of community and kinship in the face of planters' attempts to suppress local social reproduction altogether. Africanists who would attempt similar analysis of rebellious slave consciousness are hampered by the tradition of functionalist anthropology which dominates studies of African culture, especially Miers and Kopytoff's thesis of the integrative nature of African slavery. By contrast, more class-oriented approaches to studies of African slave resistance assume too stark a division between the consciousness of slaves and the consciousness of masters. It is suggested that Gramsci's concepts of hegemony and contradictory popular consciousness can be used to reconcile the cultural sensitivity of the first approach with the concern of the second for issues of domination and struggle. Thus a more nuanced view of slave consciousness might be reached.The case studied involves resistance to the rapid rise of sugar plantations on the northern Tanzania coast in the late nineteenth century. Miers and Kopytoff's model of the ‘reduction of marginality’ is modified to accommodate a process of conflict, as slaves struggled to gain access to institutions of Swahili prestige and citizenship and as their masters struggled to exclude them. Analysis of a large-scale slave rebellion in 1873 reveals that the consciousness of the rebels was couched in the local ‘traditional’ language of a moral economy of patrons and clients. Although this language was expressive of some of the hegemonic ideas of the emergent planter class, it was also openly rebellious. It expressed neither a slave class-consciousness nor simply the ideology of the dominant planter class but was instead a contradictory consciousness of the type that Gramsci discerned in other movements of agrarian rebellion.

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Maddox, Gregory, and Marjorie Mbilinyi. "Big Slavery: Agribusiness and the Crisis in Women's Employment in Tanzania." African Studies Review 37, no. 2 (September 1994): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/524776.

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Mapunda, Bertram B. B. "Encounter with an “Injured Buffalo:” Slavery and Colonial Emancipation in Tanzania." Journal of African Diaspora Archaeology and Heritage 6, no. 1 (January 2, 2017): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21619441.2017.1290958.

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Ivanchenko, Oxana V. "Participation of Tanzanian tribes and tribal chiefs in the 19th century slave trade." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 5 (2021): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080016634-4.

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This article summarizes the results of three field studies conducted in Tanzania in 2018–2020 by A.A. Banshchikova, O.V. Ivanchenko and V.N. Bryndina. The research focused on Tanzanians’ memories about the 19th century Arab-Swahili slave trade and its possible impact on the contemporary interethnic relations in the country. More than 160 formal and informal interviews in English and Swahili were taken in Dar es Salaam, Bagamoyo, Kaole, Tanga, Pangani, Zanzibar and several other locations. The choice of informants was carried out maintaining representativeness of the sample by the education level, gender, age, confession, ethnicity. This article highlights the participation of Tanzanian chiefs in the slave trade. Respondents were asked whether tribal chiefs and tribes took part in this business; which tribes and chiefs were involved; what was their motivation; do these memories affect nowadays interethnic relations in Tanzania. It turned out that Tanzanians do not express negative attitude towards local tribes and chiefs involved in the slave trade; moreover, their involvement is often presented as enforced (due to the fear of Arabs, who possessed more modern weapons, or as a result of their dishonesty). Meanwhile, the engagement of Arabs in the slave trade is well known; there are some tensions in the relations between Afro- and Arab-Tanzanians, including those related to history. Talking about renowned persons involved in the slave trade, respondents often named chiefs famous for resisting German colonization. For them the story of resistance to colonial rule and gaining independence remains much more important than the memory of the slave trade.

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Дисертації з теми "Slavery, tanzania"

Greenfield-Liebst, Michelle. "Livelihood and status struggles in the mission stations of the Universities' Mission to Central Africa (UMCA), north-eastern Tanzania and Zanzibar, 1864-1926." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/270105.

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This thesis is about the social, political, and economic interactions that took place in and around the Universities’ Mission to Central Africa (UMCA) in two very different regions: north-eastern Tanzania and Zanzibar. The mission was for much of the period a space in which people could – often inventively – make a living through education, employment, and patronage. Indeed, particularly in the period preceding British colonial rule, most Christians were mission employees (usually teachers) and their families. Being Christian was, in one sense, a livelihood. In this era before the British altered the political economy, education had only limited appeal, while the teaching profession was not highly esteemed by Africans, although it offered some teachers the security and status of a regular income. From the 1860s to the 1910s, the UMCA did not offer clear trajectories for most of the Africans interacting with it in search of a better life. Markers of coastal sophistication, such as clothing or Swahili fluency, had greater social currency, while the coast remained a prime source of paid employment, often preferable to conditions offered by the mission. By the end of the period, Christians were at a social and economic advantage by virtue of their access to formal institutional education. This was a major shift and schooling became an obvious trajectory for future employment and economic mobility. Converts, many of whom came from marginal social backgrounds, sought to overcome a heritage of exploitative social relations and to redraw the field for the negotiation of dependency to their advantage. However, as this thesis shows, the mission also contributed to new sets of exploitative social relations in a hierarchy of work and education.

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Nyanto, Salvatory Stephen. "Slave emancipation, Christian communities, and dissent in western Tanzania, 1878-1960." Diss., University of Iowa, 2019. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6823.

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This dissertation explores the ways marginalized slaves and orphans came together to create new mission communities in western Tanzania. It shows that slave emancipation was a complex process that involved flight to the missions, public declarations, and certification of emancipation. Former slaves joined missions and their descendants became the first-generation Christians, and some worked as teachers, pastors and catechists. The dissertation centers on multiple language communities brought in juxtaposition by the slave trade, wars, and migrations to examine their involvement in the translation of Christian texts into the Kinyamwezi language. It argues that translation of the New Testament, religious texts and songs was a reciprocal process of Africans and European missionaries teaching each other. In so doing, translation became a stimulus for independent interpretation, as Nyamwezi translators acted as independent intellectuals in shaping an African interpretation of Christianity. In remote areas, far from the centers of mission stations, catechists and teachers helped adherents by translating the Bible and religious texts into their own languages, contributing to the growth of African Christianity. In addition to translation, teachers and catechists administered churches in villages, taught catechism, and prepared the young and adults for baptism and confirmation. They established their own schools, and devised teaching methods and ways of obtaining pupils for instruction. Their families not only provided a model of Christian families but also laid the foundation for African Christianity as children were baptized, attended mission schools and became teachers and catechists, and in some cases, nuns and priests. Furthermore, lay women and wives of the Nyamwezi teachers and catechists taught children in Sunday schools, while others accompanied teachers in villages and launched home-visit campaigns to attract more Nyamwezi women to join Christianity. The dissertation further argues that the growth of African Christianity in villages was not entirely the product of European missionary initiatives, but rather in significant measure the result of African cultural and intellectual creativity. The growth of Christianity in the twenty-century western Tanzania gave rise to the revival movement which spread in missions and villages, attracting Christians and pastors into revivalism. Nevertheless, divergent interpretations on the teachings of salvation, sin, and public confession of sins split Christians in the established mission churches into born-again pastors and Christians who supported revivalism and Christians who opposed the movement. This dissertation shows for the first time that lay Christians dissented from the revival movement, preventing born-again pastors and evangelists from holding services in churches. With growing tensions, some Christians seceded from the mainstream churches to form their own churches and installed their own pastors who worked independently from the control of the established churches.

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Книги з теми "Slavery, tanzania"

Aspects of colonial Tanzania history. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: Mkuki na Nyota, 2013.

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Sisal industry in Tanzania since colonial era: Uncovered modern slavery to liberation. [United States]: Xlibris Corp., 2008.

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Nicolini, Beatrice. Makran, Oman, and Zanzibar: Three-terminal cultural corridor in the western Indian Ocean, 1799-1856. Leiden: Brill, 2004.

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Banani: The Transition from Slavery to Freedom in Zanzibar and Pemba. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2023.

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Banani: The Transition from Slavery to Freedom in Zanzibar and Pemba. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2023.

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McMahon, Elisabeth. Slavery and Emancipation in Islamic East Africa: From Honor to Respectability. Cambridge University Press, 2013.

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McMahon, Elisabeth. Slavery and Emancipation in Islamic East Africa: From Honor to Respectability. Cambridge University Press, 2013.

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McMahon, Elisabeth. Slavery and Emancipation in Islamic East Africa: From Honor to Respectability. University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2015.

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McMahon, Elisabeth. Slavery and Emancipation in Islamic East Africa: From Honor to Respectability. Cambridge University Press, 2013.

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Transition from Slavery in Zanzibar and Mauritius. Codesria, 2016.

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Частини книг з теми "Slavery, tanzania"

Bondarenko, Dmitri M., Anastasia A. Banshchikova, and Oxana V. Ivanchenko. "Whose State? Whose Nation? Representations of the History of the Arab Slave Trade and Nation-Building in Tanzania." In Challenging Authorities, 29–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76924-6_2.

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Wynne-Jones, Stephanie. "Recovering and Remembering a Slave Route in Central Tanzania." In Slavery in Africa. British Academy, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197264782.003.0014.

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Tanzania's central caravan route, joining Lake Tanganyika to the East African coast, was an important artery of trade, with traffic peaking in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and associated particularly with ivory, but also with the export of slaves. The central caravan route has recently been chosen as a focus for the memorialisation of the slave trade in eastern Africa, as part of a project headed by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency in collaboration with the Antiquities Division of Tanzania, and in response to a wider UNESCO-sponsored agenda. Yet the attempt to memorialise slavery along this route brings substantial challenges, both of a practical nature and in the ways that we think about material remains. This chapter explores some of these challenges in the context of existing heritage infrastructure, archaeologies of slavery, and the development of the region for tourism. It highlights the need for a more nuanced archaeology of this route's slave heritage.

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"The Slave Trade and Slavery in Zanzibar:." In Aspects of Colonial Tanzania History, 165–88. Mkuki na Nyota Publishers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvk3gmn8.12.

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Deutsch, Jan-Georg. "Memory, Oral History and the End of Slavery in Tanzania: Some Methodological Considerations." In Slavery in Africa. British Academy, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197264782.003.0015.

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This chapter explores how the end of slavery is remembered in Tanzania. While the subject of ‘The end of slavery in Africa’ has attracted a substantial number of outstanding scholars, few researchers have conducted oral interviews, especially in East Africa. The author undertook field research, collecting contemporary memories of the end of slavery over a period of three months in the mid-1990s in various parts of Tanzania. The interviews were meant to complement archival research. The chapter shows that the memory of the end of slavery and the archival record fail to correspond with each other, and offers an explanation of why this is the case.

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Lane, Paul J. "Slavery and Slave Trading in Eastern Africa: Exploring the Intersections of Historical Sources and Archaeological Evidence." In Slavery in Africa. British Academy, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197264782.003.0013.

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This chapter reviews the historical evidence concerning the development of slavery in eastern Africa, the various forms found in societies on the coast and in the interior, the social and cultural consequences of enslavement, and its ultimate abolition. It then looks at the known and potential archaeological traces of the trajectories of these different systems of slavery, with particular reference to the area along the middle and lower Pangani River, Tanzania. The chapter concludes with a consideration of whether or not it would be possible to discern slavery from the surviving archaeological remains alone, and the implications of this answer for future archaeological investigations of slavery elsewhere in the region.

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Rhodes, Daniel T. "History, Materialization, and Presentation of Slavery in Tanzania." In Landscapes of Slavery in Africa, 95–121. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003121527-5.

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Becker, Felicitas. "The heritage of slavery and the educationalist shehe of the Sufi brotherhoods." In Becoming Muslim in Mainland Tanzania, 1890-2000. British Academy, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197264270.003.0007.

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This chapter describes the significance of the Sufi brotherhoods. It starts by addressing the arrival of the tarika in Southeast Tanzania. The tarika-shehe of the inter-war period, who are most clearly remembered in the coastal towns, were themselves fairly well travelled, well connected, and partly of patrician parentage. Ritual practices constitute a crucial unifying element for the tarika. Two tarika became influential in the late nineteenth century in Southeast Tanzania. The main characters of twentieth-century saints are summarized. The outlines of the shehes' lives and work already give a sense of the tensions they negotiated: between urbanites versed in Arabic script and immigrants to town versed in ngoma, between the ideology of patrician separateness and superiority, and the self-assertion of villagers struggling to make the colonial towns their home. The ritual expertise, colonial domination, and the reformulation of categories of social distinction are discussed. The spread of the tarika and their ritual practices along the Swahili coast illustrates the unity in diversity of this culture area at work.

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Beinart, William, and Lotte Hughes. "Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis in East and Central Africa." In Environment and Empire. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199260317.003.0016.

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Disease, we have argued, influenced patterns of colonization, especially in West Africa, the Americas, and Australia (Chapter 2). In turn, imperial transport routes facilitated the spread of certain diseases, such as bubonic plague. This chapter expands our discussion of environmentally related diseases by focusing on trypanosomiasis, carried by tsetse fly, in East and Central Africa. Unlike plague, this disease of humans and livestock was endemic and restricted to particular ecological zones in Africa. But as in the case of plague, the changing incidence of trypanosomiasis was at least in part related to imperialism and colonial intrusion in Africa. Coastal East Africa presented some of the same barriers to colonization as West Africa. Portugal maintained a foothold in South-East Africa for centuries, and its agents expanded briefly onto the Zimbabwean plateau in the seventeenth century, but could not command the interior. Had these early incursions been more successful, southern Africa may have been colonized from the north, rather than by the Dutch and British from the south. Parts of East Africa were a source of slaves and ivory in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. The trading routes, commanded by Arab and Swahili African networks, as well as Afro-Portuguese further south, were linked with the Middle East and the Indian Ocean. In the early decades of the nineteenth century, slave-holding expanded within enclaves of East Africa, such as the clove plantations of Zanzibar. When Britain attempted to abolish the slave trade in the early nineteenth century, and policed the West African coast, East and Central African sources briefly became more important for the Atlantic slave trade. African slaves from these areas were taken to Latin America and the Spanish Caribbean. Britain did not have the same intensity of contact with East Africa as with West and southern Africa until the late nineteenth century. There was no major natural resource that commanded a market in Europe and British traders had limited involvement in these slave markets. But between the 1880s and 1910s, most of East and Central Africa was taken under colonial rule, sometimes initially as protectorates: by Britain in Kenya and Uganda; Germany in Tanzania; Rhodes’s British South Africa Company in Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Malawi; and by King Leopold of Belgium in the Congo.

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Cronk, Lee, and Beth L. Leech. "Meeting at Grand Central." In Meeting at Grand Central. Princeton University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691154954.003.0008.

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This chapter summarizes the book's findings regarding cooperation, coordination, and collective action as well as adaptation and the role that organizations play in fostering cooperation. It first considers four vignettes, each highlighting a contrast between a situation in which cooperation did occur and one in which it did not: water as a common-pool resource, grassroots justice in Tanzania, slave rebellions, and coordinated and uncoordinated air traffic. It then offers some observations regarding the relationship between the social and life sciences, with particular emphasis on consilience, emergence, and the scientific division of labor. The chapter explains how consilience is made possible by emergence and cites the study of cooperation as an excellent example of how the division of labor among the sciences can lead to a wide range of complementary insights regarding specific social phenomena.

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