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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Size indicators"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Size indicators"

Houle, Jennifer E., Keith D. Farnsworth, Axel G. Rossberg, and David G. Reid. "Assessing the sensitivity and specificity of fish community indicators to management action." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 69, no. 6 (June 2012): 1065–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f2012-044.

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We assessed ten trophodynamic indicators of ecosystem status for their sensitivity and specificity to fishing management using a size-resolved multispecies fish community model. The responses of indicators to fishing depended on effort and the size selectivity (sigmoid or Gaussian) of fishing mortality. The highest specificity against sigmoid (trawl-like) size selection was seen from inverse fishing pressure and the large fish indicator, but for Gaussian size selection, the large species indicator was most specific. Biomass, mean trophic level of the community and of the catch, and fishing in balance had the lowest specificity against both size selectivities. Length-based indicators weighted by biomass, rather than abundance, were more sensitive and specific to fishing pressure. Most indicators showed a greater response to sigmoid than Gaussian size selection. Indicators were generally more sensitive at low levels of effort because of nonlinear sensitivity in trophic cascades to fishing mortality. No single indicator emerged as superior in all respects, so given available data, multiple complementary indicators are recommended for community monitoring in the ecosystem approach to fisheries management.

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Bakker, Jurrièn, Dennis Verhoeven, Lin Zhang, and Bart Van Looy. "Patent citation indicators: one size fits all?" Academy of Management Proceedings 2014, no. 1 (January 2014): 14018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2014.14018abstract.

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Bakker, Jurriën, Dennis Verhoeven, Lin Zhang, and Bart Van Looy. "Patent citation indicators: One size fits all?" Scientometrics 106, no. 1 (November 2, 2015): 187–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11192-015-1786-0.

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Petchey, Owen L., and Andrea Belgrano. "Body-size distributions and size-spectra: universal indicators of ecological status?" Biology Letters 6, no. 4 (May 5, 2010): 434–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2010.0240.

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The sizes of individual organisms, rather than their taxonomy, are used to inform management and conservation in some aquatic ecosystems. The European Science Foundation Research Network, SIZEMIC, facilitates integration of such approaches with the more taxonomic approaches used in terrestrial ecology. During its 4-year tenure, the Network is bringing together researchers from disciplines including theorists, empiricists, government employees, and practitioners, via a series of meetings, working groups and research visits. The research conducted suggests that organismal size, with a generous helping of taxonomy, provides the most probable route to universal indicators of ecological status.

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Gómez-Canchong, Paúl, José M. Blanco, and Renato A. Quiñones. "On the use of biomass size spectra linear adjustments to design ecosystem indicators." Scientia Marina 77, no. 2 (April 5, 2013): 257–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.03708.22a.

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Achilli, Riccardo. "Firm size and competitive indicators: the Italian case." RIVISTA DI ECONOMIA E STATISTICA DEL TERRITORIO, no. 1 (March 2013): 62–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/rest2013-001003.

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Wiesmann, Don. "Quick Indicators Eliminate Confusion on Valve Size, Status." Opflow 15, no. 12 (December 1989): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8701.1989.tb00770.x.

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Steve Davis, J. "ASSOCIATION OF PROGRAM SIZE WITH INDICATORS OF COMPLEXITY." Cybernetics and Systems 19, no. 5 (January 1988): 431–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01969728808902178.

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Travers, Morgane, Yunne-Jai Shin, Lynne Shannon, and Philippe Cury. "Simulating and testing the sensitivity of ecosystem-based indicators to fishing in the southern Benguela ecosystem." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 63, no. 4 (April 1, 2006): 943–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f06-003.

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The sensitivity of size-based, species-based, and trophodynamic indicators is examined for the fish community of the southern Benguela ecosystem (South Africa) through simulations of different fishing scenarios using the multispecies model OSMOSE. The simulations suggest that it may be erroneous to consider one absolute reference direction of change for any indicator because the direction of change is specific to both the multispecies assemblage and the fishing scenario considered. The analysis of species versus community indicators is helpful for understanding which processes drive the emergent properties of the ecosystem. Informative about the structure and state of the ecosystem, both types of indicators weighted by biomass or by abundance should be used to evaluate ecosystem changes. Indicators characterizing size distribution (e.g., slope of size spectrum) appear to be more helpful in distinguishing the cause of ecosystem changes than mean community indicators because their response is specific to the fishing scenario simulated (i.e., global or hake-targeting fishing). Some indicators do not seem to be sensitive to fishing pressure (slope of the diversity size spectrum) or do not vary consistently with other studies (W statistic).

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Og, Joo Young, Krzysztof Pawelec, Byung-Keun Kim, Rafal Paprocki, and EuiSeob Jeong. "Measuring Patent Value Indicators with Patent Renewal Information." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 6, no. 1 (March 2, 2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6010016.

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This paper attempts to fill a research gap of literature by constructing the dynamic model into which both ex ante and ex post patent value indicators are incorporated. A patent renewal model is tested using a large set of Pharmaceutical patents granted by the European Patent Office between 1996 and 2009. We test five ex ante indicators and single ex post indicator including family size, patent backward citations, backward references to non-patent literature, number of claims, number of inventors, renewal fee, patent age, application year, and the ex post indicator forward citations. Empirical findings show that three citation related indicators, family size, and the number of claims are positively associated with patent values, while the number of inventors, renewal fee, patent age, and application year are negatively correlated. In addition, forward citations seem to have persistent learning effects on patent values.

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Дисертації з теми "Size indicators"

Meachen-Samuels, Julie Anna. "Morphological indicators of prey-size preference in the Felidae." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1680040971&sid=13&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Adams, Georgina. "Understanding human impacts on aquatic ecosystems : quantitative approaches to size-based community indicators." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/59952.

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Body size is a fundamental property of organisms that underpins the structure and function of aquatic communities. Human impacts such as climate or fishing can significantly alter the size structure of ecological communities. This thesis aimed to understand further the effect of those impacts on properties of size-based indicators in real communities, by examining trends at levels of organisation or scales that have not been studied in detail before. To do this, various quantitative approaches were developed that allowed 1) trends in size-based indicators to be decomposed into contributions of constituent parts, and 2) significance of indicators and trends in indicators to be appropriately assessed. Results revealed important features of community size structure that should be considered when assessing trends in indicators. A study of the response of body size to warming in a diatom community did not support the commonly held idea that reduced body size is a universal response to warming at either the species or community levels. Results further demonstrated that overall community trends in body size are not wholly representative of the responses of the components that made up the community. This was further supported by results from decomposing a size-based fisheries indicator, where the overall trend in the indicator was an average of wildly diverging contributions of both species and geographic locations. The methods developed also allowed finer structure of the size spectrum in the North Sea fish community to be examined, and found empirical evidence of biologically meaningful deviations in the overall size structure over time. Finally, the methods developed for assessing significance provided a useful tool for analysing the components of size-based indicators and their response to human pressures, and offer a solution for detecting significant trends in indicators calculated from trawl survey sampling data that has applications for management of marine systems.

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Starrett, Teresa M. Huffman Jane Bumpers. "State accountability ratings as related to district size and diversity." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2008. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-6049.

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Yong, Richard Hickrod G. Alan. "The impact of wealth and size on selected accountability indicators of Illinois school districts." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1987. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p8713235.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 1987.
Title from title page screen, viewed August 10, 2005. Dissertation Committee: G. Alan Hickrod (chair), John L. Brickell, Ramesh B. Chaudhari, Mary Ann Lynn, Sally B. Pancrazio. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-131) and abstract. Also available in print.

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Starrett, Teresa M. "State accountability ratings as related to district size and diversity." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc6049/.

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All Texas school districts were examined to determine the relationship of district size and diversity to the accountability ratings of selected Texas school districts and the implications of including all data in the accountability rating system. Eight large districts and 12 small districts were matched demographically utilizing data from the 2003-2004 school year. Information from the Texas Education Agency was accessed over 2003-2004 and 2004-2005. The ratings were found to be lowered from Recognized to Academically Acceptable with the inclusion of these groups 6 out of 20 times. These findings indicate that the Texas accountability system, in its current structure, excludes certain students based upon race and economic status and is not in compliance with what the law intended. This study should be replicated on a larger scale to assess its validity for a larger sample of small districts. Equity among states should be examined to provide information for a nationwide accountability system.

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Schiehlé, Tristan, and Jonas Wallin. "The reporting on sustainability performance indicators : A thesis about the reporting of the Global Reporting Initiative’s sustainability Performance Indicators by the largest Swedish companies of the industrial sector." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-91004.

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More and more companies and organizations around the world are aiming towards a sustainable path for their businesses. Pressure from stakeholders and society pushes companies to report on their sustainability performance; however, companies are also seeing the opportunities which arise with these reports and especially large companies are embracing the sustainable path according to prior studies. With an increasing number of sustainability reports produced around the world, the need for measuring the performance indicators within these reports is increasing.With the expansion of sustainability reports among companies, the use of the Global Reporting Initiatives (GRI) Guidelines becomes a popular framework for companies to adopt. GRI is widely used around the world, as their comprehensive framework includes many performance indicators for companies to report on.It has also been proved that the use of sustainability reports and the number of indicators disclosed in these reports are depending on several criteria among which the size of the company, its sector of activity, and its nationality.As master students studying in Sweden, we considered it would be interesting to know more about the sustainability reporting inside the country we are studying in. Large-size companies tend to disclose use more sustainability reporting and to disclose more information. Some sectors as the industrial sector are in need of sustainability reporting. As no prior studies were found in our search for showing which GRI indicators companies of the industrial sector preferably report on, we decided to embrace the challenge and fill the research gap by conducting a research of large Swedish companies within the industrial sector.This thesis adopted a quantitative approach. We collected data from 30 large Swedish companies within the industrial sector. We also conducted five hypotheses for our analysis in order to make conclusions on our work, and our main findings show that among the Swedish large-size companies belonging to the industrial sector, the largest report more on sustainability using the GRI. Besides, among the large companies which disclose on the GRI the largest disclose on more indicators than the smallest. Finally, we succeeded in identifying indicators of the GRI which are largely and poorly disclosed by the Swedish large-size companies belonging to the industrial sector.

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Holler, Edward W. "A comparison of selected indicators of educational inputs and outcomes in small and large high schools in Virginia." Diss., This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-162132/.

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Weiss, Nicole Marie. "Body Size and Social Status in Medieval and Post-Medieval Italy: A Comparison of Alba (CN) and Trino (VC)." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492189176642129.

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Toefy, Rashieda. "Extant benthic Foraminifera from two bays along the SW coast of South Africa, with a comment about their use as indicators of pollution." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_8713_1307079132.

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The results of the multivariate analyses suggest that most of the variation in the composition of the samples was of an intra-sample nature, illustrating large scale patchiness in foraminiferal distribution. There were, however, definite differences between communities around Robben Island and in St Helena Bay, and least variation was found between the control and pipeline sites, and between the stations of each site. When the trace metal concentrations and the percentage nitrogen increased, the richness, diversity and abundance of foraminifera tended to decrease. Sediment grain size positively affected abundance but negatively affected diversity and richness. In both areas mean grain size did not, however, appear to play a very large role in influencing diversity. Cadmium, copper, chromium, the percentage nitrogen and the mean grain size were identified as the most important variables influencing the community structure by the BIOENV BEST routine in PRIMER. The trace metals and percentage nitrogen only had negative effects on the diversity and abundance as well as on the abundance of the dominant genera, whereas the mean grain size had variable effects.

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Degerstedt, Gabrielle. "Rapportering av hållbarhetsindikatorer enligt riktlinjer från GRI." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-23374.

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Indikatorer har blivit ett effektivt hjälpmedel för företag att mäta hållbarheten av verksamheten och presentera företagens arbete inom ekonomiska, miljömässiga och sociala frågor. Därmed har denna studie utformats med syftet att kartlägga vilka sociala och miljömässiga indikatorer, samt antal, som företag på Stockholmbörsen valt att rapportera. Vidare är syftet att undersöka huruvida faktorer som företagsstorlek och bransch har påverkan på antalet och typen av indikatorer som nämns i företagens rapporter. Denna studie klassificeras som dokumentstudie och tillämpar en kvantitativ metod med en deduktiv ansats. Populationen utgörs av 76 företag som är listade på Nasdaq OMX Stockholm som rapporterar utifrån ramverket GRI. Insamlingen av data har skett utifrån företagens årsredovisningar och hållbarhetsrapporter. Deskriptiva analyser har tillämpats för att undersöka mängden och frekvensen av rapporterade indikatorer. Regressionsanalyser har genomförts i programmet SPSS för att se om det förekommer några samband mellan antal indikatorer och faktorerna företagsstorlek samt branschtillhörighet. Studiens resultat presenteras i tabeller och under analysen har resultaten jämförts mot både den praktiska och teoretiska referensramen samt mot tidigare forskning. Studiens resultat visade en stor spridning gällande antal indikatorer som företagen väljer att rapportera samt att fler sociala indikatorer rapporterats än miljömässiga. Dessutom visade regressionsanalysen ett samband mellan antal indikatorer som företagen rapporterar och branschtillhörighet. Branscherna basmaterial och konsumtion rapporterar flest indikatorer medan finans- och sjukvårdsbranscherna rapporterar minst antal. Det erhölls inget positivt samband mellan företagsstorlek och antalet indikatorer. Eftersom denna studie endast innefattar svenska företag och ser till ett år vore det av intresse att jämföra mängden indikatorer som rapporteras mellan olika länder samt att se eventuell förändring av hållbarhetsrapportering över en längre tid.
Indicators have been an efficient tool for companies to measure the sustainability of the business and present their work within economy, environmental and social questions. Therefore, this study has been designed with the aim to identify the type and quantity of social and environmental indicators reported by companies on the Stockholm Stock Exchange. Furthermore, the purpose is to examine whether factors such as company size and industry type have an impact on the number and type of indicators mentioned in the companies' reports. This study is classified as a document study and applies a quantitative method and a deductive research approach. The population consists of 76 companies listed on Nasdaq OMX Stockholm, which reports are based on the GRI framework. The collection of data was based on the company's annual report and sustainability reports. Descriptive analyzes were applied to investigate the amount and frequency of reported indicators. Regression analysis was conducted in the SPSS program to see if there is any correlation between the number of indicators and factors as company size and industry type. The study results are presented in tables and the analysis results have been compared with both the practical and the theoretical framework and the previous research. The result that emerged from the study showed that more social indicators are reported than environmental indicators and there is big variation when it comes to the number of indicators that companies choose to report. In addition, regression analysis showed a positive correlation between the number of indicators which companies report, and industry type. Industries like basic materials and consumption report the most indicators while the financial and healthcare industries reported the fewest. The study showed no positive correlation between company size and the number of indicators. Because this study is only performed on Swedish companies and is specified on one year, it would be of interest to compare the number of indicators reported between countries and to see change in sustainability reporting over time.

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Книги з теми "Size indicators"

Iqbal, Farooqui Naseem, Hakim Abdul Dr, and National Institute of Population Studies, Pakistan., eds. Population and family planning indicators: Results of Pakistan contraceptive prevalence survey, 1993. Islamabad: National Institute of Population Studies, 1994.

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Mohnot, Sohan Raj. Intecos-cier's market forecasts and indicators, projections, 2010-2020: Scanning the emerging market of India, size, structure, segmentation. New Delhi: Centre for Industrial & Economic Research, 2009.

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Industrial Techno-Economic Services P. Ltd and Centre for Industrial & Economic Research (New Delhi, India), eds. Intecos-cier's market forecasts and indicators, projections, 2010-2020: Scanning the emerging market of India, size, structure, segmentation. New Delhi: Centre for Industrial & Economic Research, 2009.

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Industrial Techno-Economic Services P. Ltd. and Centre for Industrial & Economic Research (New Delhi, India), eds. Intecos-Cier's market forecasts and indicators, 2002-2012, the explosive decade: Scanning the emerging market of India, size, structure, segmentation. New Delhi: Centre for Industrial & Economic Research, Industrial Techno-Economic Services, 2002.

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Mohnot, Sohan Raj. Intecos-cier's market forecasts and indicators, projections 2005-2015, the take-off decade: Scanning the emerging market of India, size, structure, segmentation. New Delhi: Centre for Industrial & Economic Research, 2004.

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Mohnot, Sohan Raj. Intecos-cier's market forecasts and indicators, 1997-2007, the epochal decade scanning the emerging market of India, size, structure, segmentation: A multi-client study. New Delhi: Centre for Industrial & Economic Research, 1998.

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Relations, United States Congress Senate Committee on Foreign. Estimating the size and growth of the Soviet economy: Hearing before the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, One Hundred First Congress, second session, July 16, 1990. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1991.

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Частини книг з теми "Size indicators"

Beggel, Sebastian, Joachim Pander, and Jürgen Geist. "Ecological Indicators for Surface Water Quality - Methodological Approaches to Fish Community Assessments in China and Germany." In Terrestrial Environmental Sciences, 47–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80234-9_2.

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AbstractAssessments of aquatic ecosystem health rely increasingly on biological indicators such as fish community structure, but national approaches differ. To use bioindicators efficiently and to allow cross-country comparisons, standardized tools and methods are required. Within this study, currently applied procedures for stream ecosystem assessment in China and Germany are summarized and active and passive fish sampling methodologies used in both countries are investigated. The methodological comparison was based on the results of a joint Chinese German workshops within the SINOWATER project in 2016. A joint sampling campaign was then conducted in 2017 at 6 representative sites within 70 km of the Fan River, a tributary to the Liao River System in Liaoning province, China. Active methods comprised single-pass electrofishing methods as typically applied in Germany and China as well as seining. As passive methods, common minnow traps, gill-netting and longline-fishing were used. To allow the comparability between methods, a standardized sampling design comprising several replicates at each site was chosen, covering a range of different ecological stream conditions. By comparison of the different fishing methodologies, electrofishing yielded the best overall results to assess fish biodiversity in terms of species abundance, richness and catch per unit effort. Differences in the effectiveness of the different electrofishing approaches mostly depended on the power source used. To cover the full spectrum of the fish community and to detect very rare species, a combination of different active and passive methods was most useful. If electrofishing is the method of choice, it is very important to adjust the gear power to river specific conditions such as flow, size and depth. The results of this joint Chinese-German study may aid in the selection of suitable sampling methods for fish community assessments in the future.

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Ciubotariu, D., E. Deretey, M. Medeleanų, V. Gogonea, S. Mureşan, A. Novac, C. Bologa, and Z. Simon. "New van der Waals indicators of shape and size of substituents and molecules for quantitative treatment of steric effects." In Trends in QSAR and Molecular Modelling 92, 358–59. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1472-1_77.

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Bromenshenk, Jerry J. "Site-Specific and Regional Monitoring with Honey Bees: Case Study Comparisons." In Ecological Indicators, 689–704. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4659-7_39.

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Sudduth, Kenneth A., Newell R. Kitchen, David F. Hughes, and Scott T. Drummond. "Electromagnetic Induction Sensing as an Indicator of Productivity on Claypan soils." In Site-Specific Management for Agricultural Systems, 671–81. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/1995.site-specificmanagement.c49.

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Păunescu, Mihai, Andreea Gheba, and Gabriela Jitaru. "Performance-Based Funding—The Romanian Experience of the Last Five Years (2016–2020)." In Higher Education in Romania: Overcoming Challenges and Embracing Opportunities, 231–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94496-4_12.

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AbstractPerformance-based funding has a long experience of debates and implementation in Romania, distinguishing three main stages of refinement in its implementation, starting with 2002. The actual form is similar starting with 2016, an important share of Romanian higher education funding for teaching activities in public universities (26.5%) being distributed according to quality indicators (applied by field of study). Given that the main objective of this mechanism is to reward performance, as well as to assure a more transparent and predictable resource allocation, the aim of this paper is to identify how this allocation mechanism actually worked over the past five years. The performance-based criteria employed in the supplementary funding component cover four main categories: teaching/learning, scientific research/artistic creation, international orientation, regional orientation & social equity. According to the national funding allocation mechanism, each quality indicator is assigned a share of the total funding, with the final distribution being determined by each institutions performance score relative to the others in the same scientific field. The paper unfolds the evolution of this systems implementation in the five years since its adoption (2016–2020) and presents the main results of a preliminary analysis. We also explore the extent to which certain characteristics of universities, such as their size or their dominant field of study, impact the resulting distribution of funds. This paper results may enrich and contribute to the larger national and international debate on performance-based funding and quality assurance in higher education.

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Charles, Steindel. "Government Spending, and Summarizing the Spending Side." In Economic Indicators for Professionals, 86–92. 1 Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203712955-8.

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Ryu, Bikei, Koji Yamaguchi, Tatsuya Ishikawa, Fukui Atsushi, Go Matsuoka, Seiichiro Eguchi, Akitsugu Kawashima, Yoshikazu Okada, and Takakazu Kawamata. "Maximum Nidus Depth as a Risk Factor of Surgical Morbidity in Eloquent Brain Arteriovenous Malformations." In Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement, 91–100. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63453-7_14.

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AbstractBackground: Eloquent location of a brain arteriovenous malformation (BAVM) is known to increase the surgical risk. Surgical removal of such BAVMs is challenging. Useful indicators for the safe removal of eloquent BAVMs are needed. The aim of this study was to determine the surgical risk factors for these challenging entities.Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed 29 motor and/or sensory BAVM patients who underwent surgeries. The risk factors for surgical morbidity were analyzed. As a new risk factor, maximum nidus depth, was evaluated.Results: Complete obliteration was achieved in 28 patients (96.6%). Postoperative transient and permanent neurological deteriorations were seen in nine patients (31.0%) and five patients (17.2%), respectively. In univariate analysis, maximum nidus depth (p = 0.0204) and asymptomatic onset (p = 0.0229) were significantly correlated with the total morbidity. In multivariate analysis, only maximum nidus depth was significantly correlated with total morbidity (p = 0.0357; odds ratio, 2.78598; 95% confidence interval, 0.8866–8.7535). The cut-off value for the maximum nidus depth was 36 mm for total morbidity (area under the curve [AUC], 0.7428) and 41 mm for permanent morbidity (AUC, 0.8833). The cutoff value of the maximum nidus size was 30 mm for total morbidity (AUC, 0.5785) and 30 mm for permanent morbidity (AUC, 0.7625). AUC was higher for the maximum nidus depth than it was for the maximum nidus size.Conclusions: Maximum nidus depth was significantly associated with surgical morbidity of eloquent BAVMs. The maximum nidus depth is a novel and a simpler indicator of the risk of surgical morbidity.

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Nthambi, Mary, and Uche Dickson Ijioma. "Retracing Economic Impact of Climate Change Disasters in Africa: Case Study of Drought Episodes and Adaptation in Kenya." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1007–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_66.

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AbstractValuation studies have shown that drought occurrences have more severe economic impact compared to other natural disasters such as floods. In Kenya, drought has presented complex negative effects on farming communities. The main objective of this chapter is to analyze the economic impacts of drought and identify appropriate climate change adaptation measures in Kenya. To achieve this objective, an empirical approach, combined with secondary data mined from World Bank Climate Knowledge Portal and FAOSTAT databases, has been used in three main steps. First, historical links between population size and land degradation, temperature and rainfall changes with drought events were established. Second, economic impacts of drought on selected economic indicators such as quantities of staple food crop, average food value production, number of undernourished people, gross domestic product, agriculture value added growth, and renewable water resources per annum in Kenya were evaluated. Third, different climate change adaptation measures among farmers in Makueni county were identified using focused group discussions and in-depth interviews, for which the use of bottom-up approach was used to elicit responses. Findings from the binary logistic regression model show a statistical relationship between drought events and a selected set of economic indicators. More specifically, drought events have led to increased use of pesticides, reduced access to credit for agriculture and the annual growth of gross domestic product. One of the main recommendations of this chapter is to involve farmers in designing and implementing community-based climate change adaptation measures, with support from other relevant stakeholders.

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Diestmann, Thomas, Nils Broedling, Benedict Götz, and Tobias Melz. "Surrogate Model-Based Uncertainty Quantification for a Helical Gear Pair." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 191–207. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77256-7_16.

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AbstractCompetitive industrial transmission systems must perform most efficiently with reference to complex requirements and conflicting key performance indicators. This design challenge translates into a high-dimensional multi-objective optimization problem that requires complex algorithms and evaluation of computationally expensive simulations to predict physical system behavior and design robustness. Crucial for the design decision-making process is the characterization, ranking, and quantification of relevant sources of uncertainties. However, due to the strict time limits of product development loops, the overall computational burden of uncertainty quantification (UQ) may even drive state-of-the-art parallel computing resources to their limits. Efficient machine learning (ML) tools and techniques emphasizing high-fidelity simulation data-driven training will play a fundamental role in enabling UQ in the early-stage development phase.This investigation surveys UQ methods with a focus on noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) characteristics of transmission systems. Quasi-static 3D contact dynamic simulations are performed to evaluate the static transmission error (TE) of meshing gear pairs under different loading and boundary conditions. TE indicates NVH excitation and is typically used as an objective function in the early-stage design process. The limited system size allows large-scale design of experiments (DoE) and enables numerical studies of various UQ sampling and modeling techniques where the design parameters are treated as random variables associated with tolerances from manufacturing and assembly processes. The model accuracy of generalized polynomial chaos expansion (gPC) and Gaussian process regression (GPR) is evaluated and compared. The results of the methods are discussed to conclude efficient and scalable solution procedures for robust design optimization.

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Noble, Taryn L., Ron F. Berry, and Bernd Lottermoser. "Mineral Dust Properties at the Mt Lyell Cu-Au Mine Site, Australia." In Environmental Indicators in Metal Mining, 307–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42731-7_17.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Size indicators"

Tulegenov, Erlan M., and Vsevolod V. Ostrouhov. "Mechatronic Modules with Improved Mass-Size Indicators of Pipe Rolling Production." In 2020 IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering (EIConRus). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eiconrus49466.2020.9039133.

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Katrichek, Valeriia S., Maksim A. Grigorev, and Artyom A. Gryzlov. "Synthesis of Mechatronic Modules With Improved Mass-Size Indicators of Metallurgical Facilities." In 2018 International Multi-Conference on Industrial Engineering and Modern Technologies (FarEastCon). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fareastcon.2018.8602914.

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Katrichek, Valeriia S., Maksim A. Grigorev, and Artyom A. Gryzlov. "Synthesis of Mechatronic Modules with Improved Mass-Size Indicators of Metallurgical Facilities." In 2019 IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering (EIConRus). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eiconrus.2019.8657082.

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Charalampidou, Sofia, Apostolos Ampatzoglou, and Paris Avgeriou. "Size and cohesion metrics as indicators of the long method bad smell." In PROMISE '15: The 11th International Conference on Predictive Models and Data Analytics in Software Engineering. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2810146.2810155.

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Sholes, Steven F., Amit Mushkin, and David C. Catling. "BOULDER-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS AS INDICATORS FOR DEPOSITION PROCESSES ON EARTH AND MARS." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-304073.

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Trandafir, Paul Stefan, Adrian Ioana, Roxana Marina Solea, Daniela Tufeanu, and Diana Cristina Labes (Craciun). "CRITERIA AND PRINCIPLES OF THE TECHNICAL-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS APPLICABLE IN ECOLOGY." In GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b2/v2/17.

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Environment protection, like a new religion consists of: environmental programmes, objectives and targets, training, incentive schemes, audit frequency, site inspections, administration and community relations. This paper presents the main environmental performance indicators. They should therefore be cost-effective and appropriate to the size and type of organization and its needs and priorities. Organizations should make the optimum use of the environmental information they collect. To this end the indicators should fulfill the dual purpose of assisting the management of the organization and providing information to stakeholders. In article we present a set of Environmental Performance Indicators (EPI). These indicators should therefore be cost-effective and appropriate to the size and type of organization and its needs and priorities. We present many categories of environmental performance indicators: comparability (indicators should enable a comparison and show changes in the environmental performance); balance between problematic (bad) and prospective (good) areas, continuity (indicators should be based on the same criteria and should be taken over comparable time sections or units); timeliness (indicators should be updated frequently enough to allow action to be taken); clarity (indicators should be clear and understandable).

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Shynkevich, Yauheniya, T. M. McGinnity, Sonya Coleman, Yuhua Li, and Ammar Belatreche. "Forecasting stock price directional movements using technical indicators: Investigating window size effects on one-step-ahead forecasting." In 2014 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence for Financial Engineering & Economics (CIFEr). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cifer.2014.6924093.

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Gubar, I. V., O. P. Yavorovsky, R. F. Kaminsky, Yu B. Chaikovsky, and L. M. Sokurenko. "Changes of hematological and hemodynamic indicators of rats after single intratracheal introduction of lead nanoparticles of different size." In NEW TRENDS AND UNRESOLVED ISSUES OF PREVENTIVE AND CLINICAL MEDICINE. Baltija Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-588-81-5-2.32.

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Akhmedzhanova, A. B., S. V. Ponomarev, Y. V. Fedorovykh, and L. Y. Lagutkina. "THE CULTIVATION OF BELUGA (HUSO HUSO, (LINNAEUS, 1758)) JUVENILES IN CONDITIONS OF SERGIEVSKY STURGEON HATCHERY OF FGBU «GLAVRYBVOD»." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS Volume 2. DSTU-Print, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.2.427-430.

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The article presents data on the cultivation of Beluga stocking material, studies of the size indicators of embryos and morphometric indicators of Beluga larvae at different stages of development, analyzes of piscicultural- biological and hematological indicators. It was found that the Beluga juveniles reached the weight corresponding to the enlarged ones of sturgeon taking as standard at this enterprise. The survival rate was slightly higher than the norm.

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Petrušová, Dagmar, Katarína Kráľová, and Jana Sochuľáková. "COMPARISON OF DEVELOPMENT OF SELECTED MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS IN SLOVAKIA AND SLOVENIA." In 4th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2020 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.s.p.2020.25.

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Every country and its economy has undergone some historical development and is going through it even nowadays, constantly evolving. Today, however, individual changes occur more frequently, are dynamic and have a larger dimension. Technology has accelerated processes and information exchange. The economies of states can no longer function in isolation, because we are at a time where the division of labour is not only of European but also of global character. This work focuses on the development of selected macroeconomic indicators, mainly employment and unemployment of two Slavic states of Slovakia and Slovenia. The size of the area and the number of inhabitant’s ranks among the small states of Europe, they have similar geographical and demographic conditions. However, the development of the economy seems different, which is the subject of this paper. To compare the development of macroeconomic variables of the above-mentioned states, the data were drawn from the published data of the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic, the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia and Eurostat. To evaluate the year-on-year changes in selected indicators, the relative indices were used.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Size indicators"

Fontanari, Claudia, Antonella Palumbo, and Chiara Salvatori. The Updated Okun Method for Estimation of Potential Output with Broad Measures of Labor Underutilization: An Empirical Analysis. Institute for New Economic ThinkingInstitute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp158.

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This paper extends to different indicators of labor underutilization the Updated Okun Method (UOM) for estimation of potential output proposed in Fontanari et al (2020), which, from a demand-led growth perspective, regards potential output as an empirical approximation to full-employment output, as in A.M.Okun’s (1962) original method. Based on the apparent incapability of the official rate of unemployment to fully account for labor underutilization, in this paper we offer estimates of Okun’s law both with broad unemployment indicators and with an indicator of ‘standardized hours worked’ which we propose as a novel measure of the labor input. The paper reflects on the possible different empirical measures of full employment. The various measures of potential output that we extract from our analysis show greater output gaps than those produced by standard methods, thus highlighting a systematic tendency of the latter to underestimate potential output. Output gaps that underestimate the size of the output loss or that tend to close too soon during recovery, may produce a bias towards untimely restriction.

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Saalman, Lora. Multidomain Deterrence and Strategic Stability in China. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/fyxq3853.

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Over the past few years, China has displayed a wide range of advances in military capabilities and infrastructure, including its test of a hypersonic glide vehicle coupled with a fractional orbital bombardment system and evidence of new intercontinental ballistic missile silos. While China and the United States remain at political odds, there are indications that China’s strategies in space, cyberspace and nuclear domains are increasingly converging with those of the USA, as well as Russia. A key question is whether this strategic convergence is a stabilizing or destabilizing phenomenon. To answer the question, this paper explores the current state of Chinese discussions on multidomain deterrence and strategic stability, with a focus on active defence and proactive defence. It then examines how these concepts are manifesting themselves in China’s postural and technological indicators, including pre-mating of nuclear warheads to delivery platforms, expanded nuclear arsenal size, possible shifts towards launch on warning, integration of dual-capable systems, and advances in machine learning and autonomy. It concludes with a discussion of what these trends mean for future strategic stability talks.

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Castellano, Mike J., Abraham G. Shaviv, Raphael Linker, and Matt Liebman. Improving nitrogen availability indicators by emphasizing correlations between gross nitrogen mineralization and the quality and quantity of labile soil organic matter fractions. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597926.bard.

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A major goal in Israeli and U.S. agroecosystems is to maximize nitrogen availability to crops while minimizing nitrogen losses to air and water resources. This goal has presented a significant challenge to global agronomists and scientists because crops require large inputs of nitrogen (N) fertilizer to maximize yield, but N fertilizers are easily lost to surrounding ecosystems where they contribute to water pollution and greenhouse gas concentrations. Determination of the optimum N fertilizer input is complex because the amount of N produced from soil organic matter varies with time, space and management. Indicators of soil N availability may help to guide requirements for N fertilizer inputs and are increasingly viewed as indicators of soil health To address these challenges and improve N availability indicators, project 4550 “Improving nitrogen availability indicators by emphasizing correlations between gross nitrogen mineralization and the quality and quantity of labile organic matter fractions” addressed the following objectives: Link the quantity and quality of labile soil organic matter fractions to indicators of soil fertility and environmental quality including: i) laboratory potential net N mineralization ii) in situ gross N mineralization iii) in situ N accumulation on ion exchange resins iv) crop uptake of N from mineralized soil organic matter sources (non-fertilizer N), and v) soil nitrate pool size. Evaluate and compare the potential for hot water extractable organic matter (HWEOM) and particulate organic matter quantity and quality to characterize soil N dynamics in biophysically variable Israeli and U.S. agroecosystems that are managed with different N fertility sources. Ultimately, we sought to determine if nitrogen availability indicators are the same for i) gross vs. potential net N mineralization processes, ii) diverse agroecosystems (Israel vs. US) and, iii) management strategies (organic vs. inorganic N fertility sources). Nitrogen availability indicators significantly differed for gross vs. potential N mineralization processes. These results highlight that different mechanisms control each process. Although most research on N availability indicators focuses on potential net N mineralization, new research highlights that gross N mineralization may better reflect plant N availability. Results from this project identify the use of ion exchange resin (IERs) beads as a potential technical advance to improve N mineralization assays and predictors of N availability. The IERs mimic the rhizosphere by protecting mineralized N from loss and immobilization. As a result, the IERs may save time and money by providing a measurement of N mineralization that is more similar to the costly and time consuming measurement of gross N mineralization. In further search of more accurate and cost-effective predictors of N dynamics, Excitation- Emission Matrix (EEM) spectroscopy analysis of HWEOM solution has the potential to provide reliable indicators for changes in HWEOM over time. These results demonstrated that conventional methods of labile soil organic matter quantity (HWEOM) coupled with new analyses (EEM) may be used to obtain more detailed information about N dynamics. Across Israeli and US soils with organic and inorganic based N fertility sources, multiple linear regression models were developed to predict gross and potential N mineralization. The use of N availability indicators is increasing as they are incorporated into soil health assessments and agroecosystem models that guide N inputs. Results from this project suggest that some soil variables can universally predict these important ecosystem process across diverse soils, climate and agronomic management. BARD Report - Project4550 Page 2 of 249

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Peng, Ciyan, Jing Chen, Sini Li, and Jianhe Li. Comparative Efficacy of Chinese Herbal Injections Combined Western medicine for Non-small cell lung cancer: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis of randomized controlled trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.11.0068.

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Review question / Objective: Advanced lung cancer has become the top malignant tumor in terms of morbidity and mortality, and Chinese herbal injections combined with western drugs have been widely used to treat advanced non-small cell lung cancer. For this purpose, we conducted a Bayesian network analysis to systematically evaluate the efficacy of different herbal injections combined with western drugs in the treatment of NSCLC. Subjects: Patients diagnosed with NSCLC by pathological or cytological examination, locally advanced or those who refused surgical treatment were included, regardless of gender, age, stage, race, nationality and sample size; Interventions: Chinese herbal injections combined with three types of commonly used western drugs (platinum, targeted and immune agents) were used in the experimental group, while the control group was treated with western drugs alone; Study type: to report the efficacy of Chinese herbal injections combined with western drugs in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer efficacy in a randomized controlled trial (rct) Eligible. No restrictions were imposed on language, year of publication, or publication status. Ending indicators: Main ending indicators: (1) disease control rate (DCR), DCR = (complete remission + partial remission + stable)/total number of cases. Efficacy rate = (number of improvement cases + number of stable cases)/total number of cases. (2) Secondary outcome indicators: quality of life, determined according to the KPS behavioral status scale, improvement was defined as an increase of ≥10 points in KPS score after treatment; stability was defined as an increase or decrease of <10 points in KPS score; decline was defined as a decrease of ≥10 points in KPS score. (3) The incidence of adverse reactions, including gastrointestinal reactions, white blood cell (WBC) reduction, hemoglobin (HGB) reduction, platelet (PLT) reduction, etc.

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Houser, M. R. Efficacy of rock doves at the Hanford site, Washington, as radiological indicators. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/206375.

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Janson, Nils, Lindsay N. Burkhard, and Sara Jones. Caribbean Water Study. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003755.

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The Caribbean Water Study describes the operational and financial performance of selected water utilities in the Caribbean as reported by the utilities as well as secodary sources, the situation of non-revenue water (NRW) among these utilities, the financial impact of COVID-19 on the utilites, and the issue of their resilience to natural disasters. Benchmarking of the key performance indicators for water utilities in the Caribbean shows how utilities are performing in relation to their peers across time. NRW is seen to be one of the biggest challenges for water utilities in the Caribbean and one of the most direct ways to improve a utilitys efficiency, financial performance, and quality of service. In addition, reducing NRW contributes significantly to climate change adaptation. Regarding financial impact of COVID-19, the Study found that due to the large decreases in non-residential consumption, most utilities registered a fall in revenues and in average tariffs. The Study elucidated the fact that their small size and limited resources of water utilities make it is difficult for them to recover from the devastation of a storm on their own and post-disaster response, natural disaster preparedness, investments to increase resiliency, and access to funds are of critical importance.

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Niazi, Fawad. CPT-Based Geotechnical Design Manual, Volume 1: CPT Interpretation—Estimation of Soil Properties. Purdue University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317346.

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This manual provides guidance on how to use the cone penetration test (CPT) for site investigation and foundation design. The manual has been organized into three volumes. Volume 1 covers the execution of CPT-based site investigations and presents a comprehensive literature review of CPT-based soil behavior type (SBT) charts and estimation of soil variables from CPT results. Volume 2 covers the methods and equations needed for CPT data interpretation and foundation design in different soil types, while Volume 3 includes several example problems (based on instrumented case histories) with detailed, step-by-step calculations to demonstrate the application of the design methods. The methods included in the manual are current, reliable, and demonstrably the best available for Indiana geology based on extensive CPT research carried out during the past two decades. The design of shallow and pile foundations in the manual is based on the load and resistance factor design (LRFD) framework. The manual also indicates areas of low reliability and limited knowledge, which can be used as indicators for future research.

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Sakleshpur, Venkata A., Monica Prezzi, Rodrigo Salgado, and Mir Zaheer. CPT-Based Geotechnical Design Manual, Volume 2: CPT-Based Design of Foundations—Methods. Purdue University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317347.

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Sakleshpur, Venkata A., Monica Prezzi, Rodrigo Salgado, and Mir Zaheer. CPT-Based Geotechnical Design Manual, Volume 3: CPT-Based Design of Foundations—Example Problems. Purdue University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317348.

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Pabian, Frank V., and David Coblentz. Surface Disturbances at the Punggye-ri Nuclear Test Site: Another Indicator of Nuclear Testing? Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1342851.

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