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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Silicate glasse"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Silicate glasse"

Pan, Qun, Bin Zhu, Xiao Huang, and Lin Liu. "Properties of Alkli-Activated Slag Cement Compounded with Soluble Glasses with a High Silicate Modulus." Advanced Materials Research 712-715 (June 2013): 905–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.712-715.905.

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Properties of alkali-activated slag cements compounded with soluble glasse with a high silicate modulus Ms=2.6 were detailedly studied in this paper, including compressive strength and flexure strength characterictics at the ages of 3,7,28 days and flow values of fresh cement mixtures on a jolting table. As a result, with the compressive strength at the age of 28 days of 95.6-107.8 MPa has been developed, and the flow values and strength characteristics of alkali-activated slag cement mortars increased with increase in a water to cement (alkaline activator solution to slag) ratio, and the flow value (determined on the cement mortar mixtures) would reach 145 mm. Moreover, the development speed of strength characteristics of mortar specimens would be affected negatively by increasing of water demand (requirement).

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Möncke, Doris, Brian Topper, and Alexis G. Clare. "Glass as a State of Matter—The “newer” Glass Families from Organic, Metallic, Ionic to Non-silicate Oxide and Non-oxide Glasses." Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry 87, no. 1 (May 1, 2022): 1039–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/rmg.2022.87.23.

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OVERVIEW In theory, any molten material can form a glass when quenched fast enough. Most natural glasses are based on silicates and for thousands of years only alkali/alkaline earth silicate and lead-silicate glasses were prepared by humankind. After exploratory glass experiments by Lomonosov (18th ct) and Harcourt (19th ct), who introduced 20 more elements into glasses, it was Otto Schott who, in the years 1879–1881, melted his way through the periodic table of the elements so that Ernst Abbe could study all types of borate and phosphate glasses for their optical properties. This research also led to the development of the laboratory ware, low alkali borosilicate glasses. Today, not only can the glass former silicate be replaced, partially or fully, by other glass formers such as oxides of boron, phosphorous, tellurium or antimony, but also the oxygen anions can be substituted by fluorine or nitrogen. Chalcogens, the heavier ions in the group of oxygen in the periodic table (S, Se, Te), on their own or when paired with arsenic or germanium, can function as glass formers. Sulfate, nitrate, tungstate and acetate glasses lack the conventional anion and cation classification, as do metallic or organic glasses. The latter can occur naturally—amber predates anthropogenic glass manufacture by more than 200 million years. In this chapter, we are going to provide an overview of the different glass families, how the structure and properties of these different glass types differ from silicate glasses but also what similarities are dictated by the glassy state. Applications and technological aspects are discussed briefly for each glass family.

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Ramamurthy, Sundar, Brian C. Hebert, and C. Barry Carter. "Olivine-MgO interfaces produced by crystallization of glass fulms on single-crystal MgO substrates." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 53 (August 13, 1995): 342–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100138087.

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Glassy silicates are present at grain boundaries in almost all liquid-phase sintered ceramic oxides. In many cases, the amorphous-crystalline interfaces in the sintered microstructure can be modified by inducing crystallization of the glassy phase. The intergranular phases in polycrystalline MgO are typically silicates with cations of calcium, magnesium and iron in the silicate network. A systematic approach to study the crystallization behavior of glass-MgO interfaces has been attempted in the present study. Following the work by Mallamaci in which crystallization of a silicate glass in contact with A12O3 was studied, devitrification of glass in contact with single-crystal MgO has been investigated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the resulting microstructures.A pellet of Mg2SiO4 (forsterite) prepared by hot-pressing MgO and SiO2 powders was used as the target for depositing glass films onto single-crystal MgO substrates by pulsed-laser deposition (PLD). Glass films with the composition of olivine.

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Yanina, Svetlana V., Matthew T. Johnson, Zhigang Mao, and C. Barry Carter. "On Devitrification of Monticellite (CaMgSiO4) Films Grown on (001)-Oriented Single-Crystal MgO." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (July 1998): 590–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600023072.

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Silicate glasses are the most common constituents of intergranular phases which can be found in liquid-phase sintered ceramics [1]. Silicates are known to influence the structure of ceramic interfaces which, in turn, frequently affect mechanical properties of ceramic materials [2]. In earlier studies of silicate glasses on single-crystal alumina Ramamurthy et al [3] and Mallamaci [4] showed that the morphology of dewetted glass films and the mechanism of devitrification depend on the crystallographic orientation of the substrate surface. In continuation of these studies, results are presented on the dewetting behavior of monticellite (CaMgSi04) in contact with the (OOl)-oriented surface of single-crystal MgO. Due to the simplicity of sample preparation and availability of 3- dimensional topographic information, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) was used for surface characterization. These AFM results are complemented by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) data on the chemical composition and the structure of the glass-substrate interface.

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Vaiborisut, Napaporn, Chanittha Chunwises, Dararat Boonbundit, Sirithan Jiemsirilers, and Apirat Theerapapvisetpong. "Effect of the Addition of ZrSiO₄ on Alkali-Resistance and Liquidus Temperature of Basaltic Glass." Key Engineering Materials 766 (April 2018): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.766.145.

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Basalt fiber has been used as a reinforced material in cement-based materials because it has higher mechanical strength and cheaper than common silicate based glass-fibers. However, silicate-based glass fibers have low alkali resistance especially in cement matrix composite. In this work, we studied the improvement of alkali resistance by addition of zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4) in original basalt glass composition. The batch of basalt glass with additional ZrSiO4 contents of 0.00, 2.50, 5.00, 7.50 and 10.00 wt% were melted at 1500 °C. The liquidus temperature (TL) is important in for the fiber glass manufacturing. It need to formulate glass composition which requires a lower melting temperature and is crystallization resistant. TL as a function of composition is usually determined experimentally. In this study, glassy phase was determined by X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The glass transition temperature (Tg), the crystallization temperature (Tc) and TL were analyzed by Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA). The results found that the addition of ZrSiO4 in a basalt glass batch increased Tg while Tc of each sample was closed to original basalt fiber. Moreover, the alkali resistance of these glasses increased with an increasing of ZrSiO4 content. However, excessive ZrSiO4 contents (7.50 and 10.00 wt%) resulted in crystallization of ZrO2 which separated from glassy phase.

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Vaisman, Ya I., I. S. Glushankova, Yu A. Ketov, L. V. Rudakova, and M. P. Krasnovskikh. "Recovery of Sulfur-Alkaline Waste by Processing into Cellular Silicate Material." Ecology and Industry of Russia 22, no. 10 (October 5, 2018): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2018-10-24-27.

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The formation of cellular silicate glasses from sulfide-alkaline solutions and amorphous silicon oxide has been studied. The mechanism of formation of silicates from sodium hydroxide and amorphous silicon oxide and processes of gasification with the participation of the organic component of waste are considered. Technological solutions for recovery of sulfide-alkaline solutions are proposed. At the same time, the process of recovery consists in mixing sulfuralkaline waste with natural amorphous silicon oxide, tripoli, and further roasting the resulting composition at glass formation temperatures. As a result of heat treatment, sulfur from organosulfur compounds is oxidized to sulfur (IV), and sodium hydroxide, after dehydration, enters in composition of the resulting vitreous silicate cellular material.

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da Silva, Antônio Carlos, S. C. Santos, and Sonia Regina Homem de Mello-Castanho. "Transition Metals in Glass Formation." Materials Science Forum 727-728 (August 2012): 1496–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.727-728.1496.

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The structure of silicate glasses gets its charge stability through SiO2, R2O3, R2+and R+groups arrangement. In these glassy structures, transition metals are usually used as dopants in small amounts. However, in soda-lime glass systems, transition metals can take part in the glassy network in larger quantities as secundary former or modifier, insted R2+groups, if the charge balance conditions are made favorable by R2O3groups additions. This paper studies transition metals (Cr, Ni, Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ru) soda-lime-borosilicate glass network incorporation. This process was applied for many kinds of toxic metals containing vitrification waste. The glasses were obtaind by melt at temperature of 1300°C, and characterized by FT-IR and XRD techinics. The chemical stability was evaluated by hydrolytic attack test. The glasses showed a high chemistry and environmental stability like the soda-lime glass.Keywords: glass structure, electroplating waste, e-waste, nanowaste.

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Saakyan, Emma, Artavazd Arzumanyan, and Gagik Galstyan. "New Energy Efficient Technology of Cellular Glass." Key Engineering Materials 828 (December 2019): 146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.828.146.

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On the base of volcanic glass - perlite, the energy-efficient technology of cellular glass for heat-insulating purposes has been developed. Compositions of nanosized modifier and redox gas formers were developed by the method of experimental-statistical modeling and optimization of probability parameters, allowing to obtain cellular glasses with low average density and almost closed porosity in a single technological process at technologically acceptable temperatures. In the production of cellular glasses (foam glass) of new generation, based on natural glassy rocks of silicate and aluminosilicate composition modified with sodium hydroxide, in the presence of water and gas-forming additives, during mixing and sintering, the components react at the nanoscale level to form glass under low softening temperature and sufficient quantity of foam stabilizers. The main scientific results - the use of nanotechnological modification of amorphous silicate and aluminosilicate rocks in the technology of cellular glass for construction and technical purposes, the development of compositions and method for the production of cellular glass using energy-saving technology with the following performance parameters: average density of 115...250kg/m3, coefficient of thermal conductivity 0,051...0.075W/(m•K), water absorption 1.6...4.0%, compressive strength 0.14...4.20 MPa, hydrolytic glass class I...III.

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Chen, Lu, and Ying Dai. "Effects of Iron Oxide on the Crystallization of Calcium Alumino-Silicate Glass." Key Engineering Materials 680 (February 2016): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.680.293.

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Different amounts of iron oxide (Fe2O3) were added into a base calcium alumino-silicate glass (CaO 40, Al2O3 9, SiO2 51 wt%). The crystallization behavior of the glassed was investigated by DTA, XRD, SEM and optical microscopy. DTA analysis on the samples with and without the iron additions shows that the iron-containing glasses obviously absorb more heat energy than the base glass. All the glasses show two endothermal peaks correspondent to two transition temperatures, Tg1 and Tg2, indicating the existence of phase separation. Compared with the base glass, an initial addition of 5wt% Fe2O3 does not result in significant changes in Tg1, but a large decrease in Tg2 is observed. Further additions of 10 and 15wt% Fe2O3, both Tg1 and Tg2 decreases. The iron-containing glasses show two crystallization peaks in their DTA curves. Fe2O3 facilitates the crystallization of the calcium alumino-silicate glass indicated by the decreased activation energy and increased Avrami exponent. SEM observations evidenced that the crystallintes in the heat treated samples are nanosized. It is evidenced that the base glass and the glasses containing 5 and 10 wt% Fe2O3 are surface crystallized upon heat-treatment and the main crystalline phase is wollastonite. The surface crystallization layer and the grain size increase with Fe2O3. However, an addition of 15wt% Fe2O3 results in a bulk crystallization leading to the formation of iron-and aluminum-containing phases.

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Lu, An Xian, S. J. Liu, X. D. Tang, and S. B. He. "Difference of Properties between Yb³⁺-Doped Silicate and Phosphate Laser Glasses." Advanced Materials Research 11-12 (February 2006): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.11-12.213.

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The Yb3+-doped silicate and phosphate laser glasses were prepared by using of traditional melt quenching technology, and the physical and spectral properties were investigated. The results show that the stimulated emission cross section and the fluorescence lifetime are 0.67×10-20cm2 and 1200μs for the silicate glass, and 0.75×10-20cm2 and 1000μs for the phosphate glass respectively. And silicate glass’s mechanical and thermal properties were better than that of phosphate glass. But Yb3+-doped phosphate glass has lower nonlinear refraction index n2. Both Yb3+-doped silicate and phosphate glasses are possible to be used as laser medium.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Silicate glasse"

Gaddam, Anuraag. "Structure and crystallization of multicomponent lithium silicate glasses." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/21819.

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Doutoramento em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais
A presente tese tem como objetivo adquirir uma compreensão aprofundada acerca do processo de cristalização de vidros à base de silicato de lítio com a adição de pequenas quantidades de outros componentes. Os principais componentes investigados neste estudo são os óxidos de Mn, Al, B e P. Estudaram-se os efeitos de cada um destes componentes na estrutura do vidro, na separação de fases líquido-líquido, nos processos de nucleação e crescimento de cristais, na microestrutura e no conjunto das fases cristalinas formadas. Os vitro-cerâmicos utilizados neste estudo são produzidos a partir de amostras tridimensionais de vidro fundido e vertido em moldes, ou a partir de pós de frita obtida por arrefecimento dos fundidos em água. A adição de óxidos de Mn aos vidros de silicato de lítio resulta na criação de entidades moleculares individuais de Mn. Por conseguinte, estas entidades moleculares dificultam o todo o processo de cristalização do vidro. Óxidos de Al e B são incorporados na rede de vidro como formadores de rede. Estes componentes, por conseguinte, também diminuem a tendência do vidro para a cristalização. O P2O5 também desempenha um papel de formador de rede do vidro. No entanto, ele aumenta a tendência do vidro para a cristalização. Dá-se uma ênfase especial ao estabelecimento de correlações entre a estrutura do vidro e seu comportamento na cristalização. Estes esforços levaram à introdução de um novo modelo matemático baseado na mecânica estatística para descrever a estrutura de vidro. O modelo foi desenvolvido principalmente para silicatos binários e mais tarde estendido para composições de silicatos multicomponentes.
The present thesis is aimed at gaining an in-depth understanding of the crystallization process in multicomponent lithium silicate based glasses when other components are added in small amounts. The added components investigated in this study are oxides of Mn, Al, B and P. The effects of each of these components on glass structure, liquid-liquid phase separation, crystal nucleation, crystal growth, microstructure and phase assemblage are studied. The glass ceramics used in this study are produced by both bulk glasses obtained by melt quenching as well as by powder methods from glass frits. Oxides of Mn when added to lithium silicate glasses result in creating individual Mn molecular entities. Consequently, these molecular entities hinder the overall crystallization ability of the glass. Oxides of Al and B are incorporated into glass network as network formers. These components consequently decrease the overall crystallization ability of the glass. P2O5 is also incorporated into glass network as network former. However, it increases the overall crystallization ability of the glass. Particular emphasis is given to establishing correlations between glass structure and its corresponding crystallization behaviour. These efforts led to introducing a new mathematical model based on statistical mechanics for describing the glass structure. The model was primarily developed for binary silicates and later on extended to multicomponent silicates.

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Goel, Ashutosh. "Clinopyroxene based glasses and glass-ceramics for functional applications." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/2323.

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Doutoramento em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais
As piroxenas são um vasto grupo de silicatos minerais encontrados em muitas rochas ígneas e metamórficas. Na sua forma mais simples, estes silicatos são constituídas por cadeias de SiO3 ligando grupos tetrahédricos de SiO4. A fórmula química geral das piroxenas é M2M1T2O6, onde M2 se refere a catiões geralmente em uma coordenação octaédrica distorcida (Mg2+, Fe2+, Mn2+, Li+, Ca2+, Na+), M1 refere-se a catiões numa coordenação octaédrica regular (Al3+, Fe3+, Ti4+, Cr3+, V3+, Ti3+, Zr4+, Sc3+, Zn2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Mn2+), e T a catiões em coordenação tetrahédrica (Si4+, Al3+, Fe3+). As piroxenas com estrutura monoclínica são designadas de clinopiroxenes. A estabilidade das clinopyroxenes num espectro de composições químicas amplo, em conjugação com a possibilidade de ajustar as suas propriedades físicas e químicas e a durabilidade química, têm gerado um interesse mundial devido a suas aplicações em ciência e tecnologia de materiais. Este trabalho trata do desenvolvimento de vidros e de vitro-cerâmicos baseadas de clinopiroxenas para aplicações funcionais. O estudo teve objectivos científicos e tecnológicos; nomeadamente, adquirir conhecimentos fundamentais sobre a formação de fases cristalinas e soluções sólidas em determinados sistemas vitro-cerâmicos, e avaliar a viabilidade de aplicação dos novos materiais em diferentes áreas tecnológicas, com especial ênfase sobre a selagem em células de combustível de óxido sólido (SOFC). Com este intuito, prepararam-se vários vidros e materiais vitro-cerâmicos ao longo das juntas Enstatite (MgSiO3) - diopsídio (CaMgSi2O6) e diopsídio (CaMgSi2O6) - Ca - Tschermak (CaAlSi2O6), os quais foram caracterizados através de um vasto leque de técnicas. Todos os vidros foram preparados por fusão-arrefecimento enquanto os vitro-cerâmicos foram obtidos quer por sinterização e cristalização de fritas, quer por nucleação e cristalização de vidros monolíticos. Estudaram-se ainda os efeitos de várias substituições iónicas em composições de diopsídio contendo Al na estrutura, sinterização e no comportamento durante a cristalização de vidros e nas propriedades dos materiais vitro-cerâmicos, com relevância para a sua aplicação como selantes em SOFC. Verificou-se que Foi observado que os vidros/vitro-cerâmicos à base de enstatite não apresentavam as características necessárias para serem usados como materiais selantes em SOFC, enquanto as melhores propriedades apresentadas pelos vitro-cerâmicos à base de diopsídio qualificaram-nos para futuros estudos neste tipo de aplicações. Para além de investigar a adequação dos vitro-cerâmicos à base de clinopyroxene como selantes, esta tese tem também como objetivo estudar a influência dos agentes de nucleação na nucleação em volume dos vitro-cerâmicos resultantes á base de diopsídio, de modo a qualificá-los como potenciais materiais hopedeiros de resíduos nucleares radioactivos.
The pyroxenes are a wide spread group rock-forming silicate minerals found in many igneous and metamorphic rocks. They are silicates that, in their simplest form, contain single SiO3 chains of linked SiO4 tetrahedra. The general chemical formula for pyroxenes is M2M1T2O6, where M2 refers to cations in a generally distorted octahedral coordination (Mg2+, Fe2+, Mn+, Li+, Ca2+, Na+), M1 to cations in a regular octahedral coordination (Al3+, Fe3+, Ti4+, Cr3+, V3+, Ti3+, Zr4+, Sc3+, Zn2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Mn2+), and T to tetrahedrally coordinated cations (Si4+, Al3+, Fe3+). Monoclinic pyroxenes are called clinopyroxenes. The stability of clinopyroxenes over a broad spectrum of chemical compositions, in conjunction with the possibility of achieving desired physical properties and high chemical durability, has generated a worldwide interest due to their applications in material science and technology. The present work deals with the development of clinopyroxene based glasses and glass-ceramics for functional applications. The objective of the study was dual, both scientific and technological; particularly to gain fundamental knowledge on the formation of crystalline phases and solid solutions in selected glass-ceramic systems, and to evaluate the feasibility for application of new materials in different technological areas with emphasis on sealing in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). In this pursuit, various glasses and glass-ceramics along Enstatite (MgSiO3) - Diopside (CaMgSi2O6) and Diopside (CaMgSi2O6) – Ca – Tschermak (CaAlSi2O6) joins have been prepared and characterized by a wide array of characterization techniques. All the glasses were prepared by melt-quenching technique while glass-ceramics were produced either by sintering and crystallization of glass powders or by nucleation and crystallization in monolithic glasses. Furthermore, influence of various ionic substitutions/additions in Alcontaining diopside on the structure, sintering and crystallization behaviour of glasses and properties of resultant glass-ceramics has been investigated, in relevance with final application as sealants in SOFC. It has been observed that enstatite based glasses/glass-ceramics do not exhibit requisite characteristics in order to qualify for the job of sealing in SOFC while the superior properties exhibited by diopside based glass-ceramics qualify them for further experimentation as SOFC sealants. Apart from investigating the suitability of clinopyroxene based glass-ceramics as sealants, this thesis also aims to study the influence of nucleating agents on the volume nucleation in the resultant diopside based glass-ceramics so as to qualify them for further experimentation as hosts for radioactive nuclear wastes.

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Scannell, Garth. "Understanding the structure and deformation of titanium-containing silicate glasses from their elastic responses to external stimuli." Thesis, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10158591.

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The responses of structure and properties to composition and temperature have been investigated for glasses in TiO₂-SiO₂ and Na₂O-TiO₂-SiO₂ systems. Additionally, the response of Na₂O-TiO₂-SiO₂ glasses to plastic deformation has been studied. (x)TiO₂-(1-x)SiO₂ glasses were prepared through the sol-gel process with compositions 0 ≤ x ≤ 10 mol% and compared to commercial glasses prepared through flame hydrolysis deposition with x = 0, 5.4, and 8.3 mol%. (x) Na₂O - (y) TiO₂ - (1-x-y) SiO₂ glasses were prepared with x = 10, 15, 20, and 25 mol% and y = 4, 7, and 10 mol% through a melt-quench process. Density and index of refraction of glasses was measured through the Archimedes's method and using a prism coupler, respectively. The glass transition temperature of Na₂O-TiO₂-SiO₂ glasses was measured through differential thermal analysis.

The structure and elastic moduli have been studied through Raman spectroscopy and Brillouin light scattering, respectively, at room temperature and in-situ up to 1200 °C for TiO₂-SiO₂ glasses and up to 800 °C for Na₂O-TiO₂-SiO₂ glasses. Young's modulus was observed to decrease from 72 GPa to 66 GPa with the addition of 8.3 mol% TiO₂ in TiO₂-SiO₂ glasses and to increase from 65 GPa to 73 GPa with the addition of 10 mol% TiO₂ in 10 Na₂O - (0-10) TiO₂-SiO₂ glasses. The addition of TiO₂ was observed to shift the 460, 490, and 600 cm-1 Raman peaks to lower frequencies in TiO₂-SiO₂ glasses, suggesting a more open and flexible network, and the 720, 800, and 840 cm^-1 Raman peaks to higher frequencies in Na₂O-TiO₂-SiO₂ glasses, suggesting a lower free volume and stiffer network. The addition of TiO₂ has little effect on the temperature response of the elastic moduli in either system, but decreases the thermal expansion and increases the frequency shifts in the 950 and 1100 cm^-1 Raman peaks in the TiO₂-SiO₂ system while the thermal expansion increases with initial additions of TiO₂ and then remains constant in the Na₂O-TiO₂-SiO₂ system.

Changes in structure and property with composition have been discussed, and structural models were proposed. The reduction of thermal expansion and elastic moduli in TiO₂-SiO₂ glasses occurs through the promotion of cooperative, inter-tetrahedral rotations facilitated by the longer and weaker Ti-O bonds. The increase in elastic moduli in the Na₂O-TiO₂-SiO₂ glasses occurs through the formation of small clusters with local, relatively high Ti and Na concentrations, promoted by Ti adopting a five-fold coordination in a square-pyramidal geometry. These clusters work to shield the silica network from non-bridging oxygens from the presence of Na while simultaneously increasing the volume bond density of the glass.

For Na₂O-TiO₂-SiO₂ glasses, the response to mechanical damage and plastic deformation has been examined through Vickers indentation experiments at loads from 10 mN to 49 N. Fracture toughness was measured through the single-edge precracked beam method. The permanent deformation volumes around Vickers indents were investigated through atomic force microscopy. Critical loads for crack initiation and cracking patterns were systematically investigated and correlated with the elastic properties of glass. Vickers indents were observed to change from a mixture of radial/median and cone cracks to radial/median and lateral cracks as Poisson's ratio increases. As Poisson's ratio increases hardness decreases from 5.5 GPa to 4.5 GPa, the average radial/median crack length roughly doubles, and fracture toughness remains constant. A minimum in the critical crack initiation load was observed at ν = 0.21–0.22. The volume of glass deformed through shear flow during indentation increases gradually with increasing Poisson's ratio, becomes larger than the densified volume at ν = 0.237. The densified volume increases between ν = 0.18 and ν = 0.21 and decreases rapidly from 16.5 µm³ to 8.7 µm³ at ν = 0.235–0.237. A correlation between the minimum in crack initiation load and the change in deformation mechanisms over the same Poisson’s ratio range was observed.

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Meng, Ji Xing. "Contribution to the modeling of densification in silicate glasses under very high pressures." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1S116/document.

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Le comportement à haute pression du verre de silice a été largement étudié dansde différents domaines pour ses propriétés mécanique et physiques, tels que la mécaniquenon-linéaire, laphysiquede haute pression, laphysiquenon-cristallins, laphysique appliquée, lagéophysique, etc. La densification permanente est la propriété la plus fondamentale obtenue à partir de la haute pression. Nous discutons un modèle constitutif décrivant le mécanisme de déformation permanente par la densification sous haute pressionde verre de silice. La loi de comportement proposée dans cette étude considère que la pression est hydrostatique pure. Elle est composée d’une partieélastique et d’autre partie un écoulement décrivant l'évolution des déformations permanentes après l’initiation de ladensification. Dans cette loi, trois critères d’écrouissage sont discutés à l'égard de la dépendance de la densification incrémentale (progressive)aux niveaux de contraintes appliquées. Les mesuresexpérimentales ex-situ et in-situ sont utilisées pour évaluer notre modèle. En misant en œuvre de notre modèle dans Abaqus et SiDoLo(corotational logiciel), l’analyse inverse est utilisée pour déterminer le seuil de la pression de densification, la pression à la saturation et le taux de densification saturée. Les calculs numériques montrent un excellent accord avec les données expérimentales. Il est à noter que notre modèle non seulement réussit à déterminer les propriétés de densification, mais aussi pour prédire les changements de propriétés élastiques, telles que le module de compressibilité, le module de cisaillement, module d’élasticité et le coefficient de Poisson, sous la pression hydrostatique. Dans les perspectives, notre modèle fournit une nouvelle loi pour analyser le comportement à la déformation de silice sous l’état de contraintes complexes
High-pressure behavior of SiO2 glass has been studied extensively because it has attracted considerable attention in various fields of mechanical and physical sciences, such as non-linear mechanics, high-pressure physics, noncrystalline physics, applied physics, geophysics, etc. Permanent densification is the most fundamental property obtained from very high pressure. We discuss a constitutive model describing the permanent densification induced deformation mechanism of silica. The constitutive law is assumed to be pure hydrostatic pressure, and uses a yield function and a flow rule describing the evolution of permanent strains after initial densification, and three hardening rules discussing the dependence of the incremental densification on the levels of applied stresses. Ex-situ and in-situ experiments are both considered to evaluate our model. Implementing our model to a finite software Abaqus and a corotational framework software SiDoLo, inverse analysis is used to determine the threshold densification pressure, the saturate densification pressure and the saturate value of densification. Numerical results show an excellent agreement to experimental data. It should be noted that our model not only succeeding in determine the densification properties, but also in predicting the changes of elastic properties, such as Bulk modulus, Shear modulus, Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio, under hydrostatic pressure. Seen in perspective, our model provides a new rule to analyze the deformation behavior of silica under complex stress states

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Medina, Francelys A. Lanagan Michael Thomas. "Impedance spectroscopy studies of silica-titania glasses and glass-ceramics." [University Park, Pa.] : Pennsylvania State University, 2009. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/PSUonlyIndex/ETD-4566/index.html.

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Barker, Michael Francis. "Crystallization of lithium alumino-silicate glasses and the formation of photomachinable glass ceramics of controlled thermal expansion." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362506.

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Damart, Tanguy. "Energy dissipation in oxide glasses." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1189/document.

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L'atténuation d'ondes à basse et haute fréquences dans les verres n'est pas encore bien comprise en grande partie car les phénomènes à l'origine de cette dissipation varient grandement en fonction de la fréquence. L’existence de structures complexes et organisation multi échelle dans les verres favorise l'apparition de temps de relaxation allant de la seconde à la femtoseconde et de corrélation prenant place de l’Angström à la centaine de nanomètre. A basse fréquence, une meilleur compréhension de ces phénomènes de dissipation serait bénéfique à de nombreux domaines. Par exemple, les multi-couches recouvrants les miroirs des interféromètres servant à détecter les ondes gravitationnelles sont réalisées à partir de verres d'oxyde (SiO2 et Ta2O5) qui sont une source majeur de dissipation. A haute fréquence, l'étude de la dissipation pose des questions théoriques sur le lien entre asymétrie locale et atténuation acoustique.Durant cette étude, nous avons réalisé une analyse approfondie de l'interaction entre ondes mécaniques et structure des verres en utilisant des techniques de simulations telle que la dynamique moléculaire. En partant de la synthèse de verres de SiO2 et Ta2O5, nous nous sommes appliqués à trouver l'origine structurelle de la dissipation aux différentes échelles de fréquence. A basse fréquence nous avons été capable de catégoriser les déplacements atomiques à l'origine de la dissipation en utilisant la théorie des états à deux niveaux. A haute fréquence, nous avons utilisé une technique de spectroscopie mécanique appuyé par un développement analytique pour montrer l'importance du désordre local dans l’existence de dissipation
The origin of sound attenuation at low and high frequency in glasses stays elusive mainly because of the complex temperature and frequency dependence of the phenomena at its root. Indeed, the presence of complex structures and multi-scale organizations in glasses induce the existence of relaxation time ranging from the second to the femto-second and of spatial correlation ranging from the Angström to a hundred nanometers. At low-frequency, a better understanding of the phenomena at the origin of dissipation would be beneficial to several applications. For example, the multi-layers coating the mirrors of gravitational waves detectors consists of a superposition of two oxide glasses: silicate (SiO2) and tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5), are an important source of dissipation. At high frequency, the study of dissipation raises theoretical questions about the link between attenuation and dissipation as well as between loclt asymmetry and dissipation. In the present study, we conducted an analysis of the interaction between mechanical waves and the structure of two oxide glasses using simulation techniques such as non-equilibrium molecular dynamics. At high-frequencies, we implemented and used mechanical spectroscopy to measure dissipation numerically and performed in parallel an analytical development based on the projection of the atomic motion on the vibrational eigenmodes. At low-frequencies, we used molecular dynamics to gather sets of thermally activated events that we classed in three categories based on topologically distinct atomic motions and from which we predicted dissipation numerically using a refreshed TLS model

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SILVA, ANTONIO C. da. "Incorporacao de residuo galvanico em vidro silicato obtido a partir de finos de silica." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2004. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11223.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:49:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
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Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

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Twyman, Helen Louise. "Structural characterisation of silicate and phosphate glasses." Thesis, University of Kent, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.534329.

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Reid, William B. "The electrical characteristics of lithium silicate glasses." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328008.

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The electrical behaviour of a series of lithium silicate glasses has been characterised by the versatile a.c. impedance technique. The advantage of using a combination of complex plane and spectroscopic plots in the data analysis is shown. The compositional dependence of the conductivities of the phase separated glasses, which exhibit complex two-phase spinodal decomposition or nucleation and growth textures, is related to the volume fraction of the phases present in the conduction pathway and the tortuosity of the effective medium. The compositional dependence of the conductivities of homogeneous lithium silicate glasses is accounted for by postulating a glass structure composed of silicate anion clusters which are surrounded by a lithia-rich phase which constitutes the preferred conduction pathway. Annealing effects are also reported. The effect of surface roughness on the response of the electrode/electrolyte interface, a phenomenon originally reported by de Levie, and contact problems between the metal electrode and the glass electrolyte are discussed. Novel results regarding the effect of gold electrode recrystallisation on the a.c. response of glass electrolytes are reported. The a.c. impedance technique is shown to be a very useful, surface sensitive tool for monitoring interfacial phenomena such as atmospheric corrosion and surface ion-exchange. The technique is also successfully applied to studies of the mechanism of glass-ceramic formation, where the identification of surface crystallisation products and residual glass, by electrical measurement, is possible. Conclusive evidence for the presence of an effective medium conduction mechanism (percolation theory) in the inhomogeneous glass-ceramic, is given. The electrical data are corroborated by electron microscopy, x-ray diffractometry, energy dispersive x-ray analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy.

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Книги з теми "Silicate glasse"

Mysen, B. O. Structure and properties of silicate melts. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1988.

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Webb, Sharon L. Silicate melts: With 33 figures. Berlin: Springer, 1997.

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Farwell, Stebbins Jonathan, McMillan Paul Francis 1955-, and Dingwell D. B, eds. Structure, dynamics, and properties of silicate melts. Washington, D.C: Mineralogical Society of America, 1995.

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Mazurin, Oleg Vsevolodovich. Ternary non-silicate glasses. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991.

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Pascal, Richet, ed. Silicate glasses and melts: Properties and structure. Boston, Mass: Elsevier, 2005.

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P, Ryan Michael. The viscosity of synthetic and natural silicate melts and glasses at high temperatures and 1 bar (10⁵ Pascals) pressure and at higher pressures. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, 1987.

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P, Ryan Michael. The viscosity of synthetic and natural silicate melts and glasses at high temperatures and 1 bar (10p5s. [Reston, Va.?]: Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1987.

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P, Ryan Michael. The viscosity of synthetic and natural silicate melts and glasses at high temperatures and 1 bar (10⁵ Pascals) pressure and at higher pressures. [Washington]: U.S. G.P.O., 1987.

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Vladimirovna, Strelʹt͡s︡ina Marina, and Shvaĭko-Shvaĭkovskai͡a︡ Tatʹi͡a︡na Pavlovna, eds. Single-component and binary non-silicate oxide glasses. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1985.

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The structure of binary alkali silicate melts. Åbo: Åbo akademi, 1985.

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Частини книг з теми "Silicate glasse"

James, Peter F. "Volume Nucleation in Silicate Glasses." In Glasses and Glass-Ceramics, 59–105. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0817-8_3.

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Wallenberger, F. T. "Structural Silicate and Silica Glass Fibers." In Advanced Inorganic Fibers, 129–68. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8722-8_6.

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Le Losq, Charles, Maria Rita Cicconi, G. Neville Greaves, and Daniel R. Neuville. "Silicate Glasses." In Springer Handbook of Glass, 441–503. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93728-1_13.

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Vogel, Werner. "Structural Elements of Silicates." In Glass Chemistry, 34–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78723-2_3.

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Garofalini, Stephen H. "5. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Silicate Glasses and Glass Surfaces." In Molecular Modeling Theory, edited by Randall T. Cygan and James D. Kubicki, 131–68. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781501508721-008.

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De La Rocha, Christina, and Daniel J. Conley. "Glass Houses and Nanotechnology." In Silica Stories, 69–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54054-2_5.

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DeCarlo, Keith J., Thomas F. Lam, and William M. Carty. "Dissolution of Alumina in Silicate Glasses and the Glass Formation Boundary." In Ceramic Transactions Series, 61–69. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470599730.ch7.

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Hambardzumyan, A. G., G. A. Kraveckiy, and V. V. Rodionova. "Glass-Silicide Coverings." In Ceramic Transactions Series, 249–55. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118405949.ch23.

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Davila, Lilian P., Subhash H. Risbud, and James F. Shackelford. "Quartz and Silicas." In Ceramic and Glass Materials, 71–86. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-73362-3_5.

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Tulyaganov, Dilshat, and Francesco Baino. "Silicate Glasses and Glass–Ceramics: Types, Role of Composition and Processing Methods." In PoliTO Springer Series, 119–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85776-9_4.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Silicate glasse"

Miniscalco, William J. "Materials for Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers." In Optical Amplifiers and Their Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oaa.1991.wd1.

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Fiber offers an extremely favorable geometry for optical devices, and fiber lasers [1] and amplifiers [2] were reported only shortly after the first bulk glass laser [3]. The choice of host composition has always been an important consideration. Silicates are the oldest and best understood glasses, and the first glass lasers used silicate compositions selected for high rare earth solubility and long lifetimes for the metastable state. The use of phosphate glass significantly improved the performance of early bulk Er3+ lasers [4] and it has become the most common host for bulk glass lasers doped with Er3+ and Nd3+. Although outstanding performance has been achieved using single-mode silica fiber, silica is a poor host for most activator ions, particularly rare earths. The influence of glass composition on the properties of Er3+ fiber amplifiers will be considered with particular emphasis placed upon silica; a more detailed discussion can be found in Ref. [5].

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Essid, M., M. Verhaegen, L. B. Allard, J. L. Brebner, and J. Albert. "Ion Implantation Induced Photosensitivity in Silica and Ge-Doped Silica." In Photosensitivity and Quadratic Nonlinearity in Glass Waveguides. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pqn.1995.sub.16.

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Photosensitivity can be induced in silica1 and Ge-doped silica2 by high energy ion implantation. The optical absorption induced in the ultraviolet region by the implantation can be substantially reduced by exposure to excimer laser light resulting in a polarisation dependent3 change in the refractive index at longer wavelengths. This refractive index change can be related to the variation in the absorption by Kramers-Kronig analysis4,5. We describe here, the result of a series of experiments undertaken to determine the effects of ion implantation on the photosensitivity of silica and Ge-doped silica planar waveguide structures.

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Jacquier, B., and R. M. Macfarlane. "A Comparison of Spectral Holeburning in Fluoride and Silicate Glasses Doped With Nd3+." In Spectral Hole-Burning and Luminescence Line Narrowing: Science and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/shbl.1992.tub32.

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Persistent spectral holeburning is known to occur in rare-earth doped silica-based glasses,1-3 where the mechanism is attributed to light induced changes in the coupling of tunnelling systems (TLS) which are characteristic of the amorphous state. A number of hole parameters such as lifetime, saturation depth and temperature dependence of the width, can provide important information on the density of states and dynamics of the TLS. We present the first data on spectral holeburning in a rare-earth doped heavy metal fluoride glass (HMF, Rennes) and compare with data obtained on a silicate glass (ED-2, Owens-Illinois). For this study we have chosen the well known 4I9/2 ← → 4F3/2 transition of the Nd3+ ion whose absorption peaks around 870nm (HMF) and 880nm (ED-2). Previous holeburning and photon echo measurements have been reported on the 4I9/2 ← → 4G5/2 transition of the Nd3+ of bulk ED-2 glass4 and on the 4I9/2 ← → 4F3/2 transition of the Nd3' transition of a pure silica fiber.3,5

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Kulikov, S., J. P. Galaup, F. Chaput, and J. P. Boilot. "Hole-burning and site selection spectroscopy of porphyrins in various sol-gel matrices." In Spectral Hole-Burning and Luminescence Line Narrowing: Science and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/shbl.1992.mb15.

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Various organic dyes have been embedded in matrices of transparent silica porous glasses prepared at room temperature by the sol-gel technique (1). The basic reaction of this process is an inorganic polymerization between silanol reactive monomers (≡Si-OH). These inorganic hosts are a link between organic and high temperature inorganic glasses. Hole-burning measurements have been published previously on chlorin and oxazine-4 perchlorate in a silicate glass (2).

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Imai, Hiroaki, Suguru Horinouchi, Naoko Asakuma, Kazuhiro Fukao, Daizaburo Matsuki, Hiroshi Hiroshima, and Keisuke Sasaki. "Effects of doping of H2O and Na on second-order nonlinearity in poled silica glass." In Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity, and Poling in Glass Fibers and Waveguides. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/bgppf.1997.bmg.6.

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Large second-order nonlinearity was reported to be induced in the near-surface region of commercial fused silica1 and in the whole region of sol-gel derived silica glass2 by thermal poling. The origin of the nonlinearity was suggested to be diffusion of Na+ for the former and OH groups for the later. To control the nonlinearity of silica glass and clarify the effects of the impurities, we investigated second harmonic generation (SHG) from silica glass doped with H2O and Na.

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Belostotsky, V. I. "Ion-exchange processes in silicate glasses: the role of oxygen." In Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity, and Poling in Glass Fibers and Waveguides. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/bgppf.1997.jsue.40.

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Potassium and oxygen concentration profiles in soda-lime- silica glass subjected to an ion exchange in molten potassium nitrate at a temperature below the strain point of the glass were obtained by Auger electron spectroscopy. Measurement showed the excess of oxygen in the modified layer of glass and the similarity of the shapes of potassium and oxygen concentration profiles in the most part of the modified layer. Consequently, the replacement of smaller sodium ions by larger potassium ions is accompanied by oxygen diffusion from molten salt into glass. On the basis of these results, a microscopic model of ion-exchange processes in silicate glasses, including mixed alkali effect, was proposed.

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Hirao, K. "Writing Waveguides and Gratings in Silica and Related Materials by Femto-Second Laser." In Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity, and Poling in Glass Fibers and Waveguides. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/bgppf.1997.btub.4.

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With the goal of being able to create various optical glass devices for the telecommunications industry, the effects of 810 nm, femto-second laser radiation on various glasses were investigated. By focusing the laser beam via a microscope objective, transparent but visible, round-elliptical damage lines were successfully written inside high silica, borate, soda-lime-silicate, fluoride and chalcogenide bulk glasses. Micro-ellipsometer measurements of the damaged region in pure and Ge-doped silica glasses showed a 0.01-0.035 refractive index increase, depending on the radiation dose. The formation of several types of defects including Si’E or Ge’E centers, non-bridging oxygen hole centers, and peroxy radicals was also detected. These results suggest that multi-photon interactions are occurring in the glasses and that it is possible to write three dimensional optical circuits in bulk glasses via such a focused laser beam technique. The following is the technique to create waveguides.

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Glebov, L., L. Glebova, M. G. Moharam, K. Richardson, and V. Smirnov. "Volume grating recording in fluorinated silicate glasses." In Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity, and Poling in Glass Fibers and Waveguides. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/bgppf.1997.jsue.11.

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Sodium-zinc-aluminum-silicate glasses doped with silver, cerium, fluorine, and bromine were melted in 100 cc fused silica crucibles in an electrical furnace. The polished glass plates were exposed to UV radiation of a He-Cd laser at 325 nm. Spatial frequencies of the interference patterns written ranged from 500 to 700 l/mm. Exposed samples under went heat treatment at temperatures from 500 to 520 °C to produce photoinduced crystallization. The thickness of gratings formed were from 1 mm to 10 mm. High diffraction efficiencies up to 75% and losses less than 10% have been obtained in these glasses for exposure doses of 100 mJ/cm2. The dependence of the grating properties on glass composition and thermodevelopment schedule is studied.

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Jackel, J. L., A. Yi-Yan, E. M. Vogel, A. Von Lehmen, J. J. Johnson, E. Snitzer, and A. Nestorowicz. "Guided blue and green upconversion fluorescence in an erbium-and-ytterbium-containing silicate glass." In Integrated Photonics Research. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ipr.1991.wc6.

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We report the observation of upconversion fluorescence in an erbium/ytterbium-doped silicate glass. Although upconversion fluorescence has previously been observed in rare-earth doped fluoride glasses,1,2 and recently in gallate and tellurite glasses,3 it has generally been believed that silicate glasses are unsuitable for upconversion because of large nonradiative transition probabilities between adjacent energy levels, which are associated with their higher energy phonon spectra. However, we find that the high local intensity of pump power that can be obtained in a waveguide makes upconversion possible in this glass.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Silicate glasse"

Adelstein, N., and V. Lordi. Comparison of Atomic and Electronic Structures of Silica and Sodium Silicate Glasses. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1178383.

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Mueller, H., and L. M. Perle. Long lifetime silicate laser glass compositions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6730599.

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Swarts, E. L. Glass science tutorial lecture {number_sign}6: The melting of silicate glasses, a review of selected topics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/52749.

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Stolper, Edward. Infrared Spectroscopy and Stable Isotope Geochemistry of Hydrous Silicate Glasses. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/900289.

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Epstein, S., and E. Stolper. Infrared spectroscopy and hydrogen isotope geochemistry of hydrous silicate glasses. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5676215.

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Trifumcac, Alexander D. Radiation Effects on Transport and Bubble Formation in silicate Glasses. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/829924.

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Trifunac, A. D., I. A. Shkrob, and D. W. Werst. Radiation Effects on Transport and Bubble Formation in Silicate Glasses. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/829925.

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Wereszczak, Andrew A., Ethan E. Fox, Timothy G. Morrissey, and Daniel J. Vuono. Low Velocity Sphere Impact of a Soda Lime Silicate Glass. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1026738.

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Epstein, S., and E. Stolper. Infrared spectroscopy and hydrogen isotope geochemistry of hydrous silicate glasses. Progress report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10125268.

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