Готові списки джерел за темами / Ships and shipping Australia

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Ships and shipping Australia"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022
Оновлено: 29 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Ships and shipping Australia"

1

Bosma, Shane. "The impact of recent shipping reforms on the offshore oil and gas industry in Australia." APPEA Journal 53, no. 1 (2013): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj12017.

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This peer-reviewed paper focuses on the impact of recent shipping reforms on the offshore oil and gas industry in Australia. These reforms are: the wholesale rewrite of the Navigation Act 1912 (Cth) by the Navigation Act 2012 (Cth), and the introduction of the Marine Safety (Domestic Commercial Vessels) Act 2012 (Cth); the registration of ships in Australia and the regulation of coastal trading in Australia; and, the regulation of marine pollution in Australia. The regulatory framework for offshore oil and gas facilities, and the interaction between the maritime legislation and the Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage Act 2006 (Cth)—specifically, how the legislation applies at different stages of the operation of offshore oil and gas facilities—is considered. Also considered is the Australian Government’s Stronger Shipping for a Stronger Economy shipping reform package, which aims to position the Australian shipping industry to take advantage of opportunities provided by an expanding export market. This peer-reviewed paper also considers the new offences for oil pollution from ships, the widened scope of liability to include charterers of ships for oil pollution, and the significantly increased penalties for pollution offences promulgated by the Maritime Legislation Amendment Act 2011 (Cth). The text was finalised in November 2012, and for that reason developments after this date have not been treated.
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2

Raitt, Douglas. "LNG as marine fuel – where technology meets logistics." APPEA Journal 58, no. 2 (2018): 593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj17082.

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Following the establishment of the ‘LNG Marine Fuel Institute’ in Australia and research projects on alternative fuelling of ore carriers operating out of Australia, the focus of the marine and oil and gas industry is turning increasingly towards the adoption of liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a fuel oil. The development of LNG bunkering facilities on Australian soil followed. For LNG to be a viable option for deep sea shipping, it is all about infrastructure, technology and the human element. Thus far, LNG as fuel oil was only applied on LNG carriers; outside of that, LNG has mainly been used for short sea applications, which are tightly controlled from a technical and human element perspective mainly through shore-to-ship custody transfer. For deep sea shipping however, the infrastructure needs to be in place to allow regular refuelling options on various global shipping trade routes. It is anticipated that for deep sea shipping, the main mode of LNG fuelling will be through ship-to-ship custody transfers with required risk management. LNG bunkering technology standards and procedures are largely maturing, and efforts are underway to harmonise these standards globally to allow for flexible fuelling locations for ships traversing large distances. The remaining challenge will be to enhance a ship’s crew competence. The level of sophistication required of a crew for LNG bunkering is not something attained thus far in conventional oil bunkering and needs to be addressed. Continuous Competence Management Systems taking LNG cargo trading vessel experience into account, together with the ‘Standards of Training Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers’ requirements, is vital for the safe development of gas bunkering for deep sea shipping.
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3

Pikas, Bohdan, and Anastasia Pikas. "Global Trade, Admiralty Law And Zero Sum Games." Journal of Business Case Studies (JBCS) 5, no. 3 (June 24, 2011): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jbcs.v5i3.4707.

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A shipment of heavy sand from Australia was contaminated by sea water during a hurricane. Upon examination of the ships hold hatches, it was determined by the consignee that the hold hatches were in poor repair and faulty. Immediate compensation for the insurance deductible and shipping expense was demanded of the ships owners. Claiming an act of God under Admiralty Law, the ships owner refused payment. Upon consultation with maritime attorneys, the consignee decided to apply a provision of maritime law and arrest the ship to force payment.
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4

MacDonald, Mike. "Australian Coastal Shipping and the Price of Ships, 1919–1930." International Journal of Maritime History 21, no. 2 (December 2009): 127–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387140902100207.

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5

Kennerley, Alston. "Merchant ship deployment in the Second World War: Motor vessels Centaur, Gorgon and Charon in Australian and East Indies waters." International Journal of Maritime History 32, no. 1 (February 2020): 61–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871419900620.

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This study draws attention to the very large number of British merchant vessels, and their crews, which traded or acted as supply vessels through to the end of the Second World War, in contrast to those which succumbed to enemy action. Normal commercial trading between Western Australia and Java/Malaya until the fall of Singapore is contrasted with military supply ship operation between Eastern Australia and New Guinea. This is set in the context of trading before the war, and the developing political scene in south east Asia. The ships’ crews, the dangers faced, protective measures, and cargoes, including human cargoes, are considered. With one vessel surviving the war unscathed, another continuing service after war damage and repair, and one torpedoed and sunk, the article concludes that the examples fully represent the experiences of the mass of merchant shipping which ended the war in the western Pacific military supply chain.
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6

Gunasekera, Rasanthi M., Jawahar G. Patil, Felicity R. McEnnulty, and Nicholas J. Bax. "Specific amplification of mt-COI gene of the invasive gastropod Maoricolpus roseus in planktonic samples reveals a free-living larval life-history stage." Marine and Freshwater Research 56, no. 6 (2005): 901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf05045.

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The New Zealand screwshell Maoricolpus roseus was unintentionally introduced to south-eastern Tasmania in the 1920s. It has colonised more habitat than any other high-impact benthic marine pest in Australia and its wide temperature and depth tolerance makes further spread likely. We developed three sets of genetic probes, each targeting a unique region in the mitochondrial COI locus, for the rapid detection of this species in mixed plankton samples. In particular, we wanted to know whether this species has a planktonic life-history stage that could lead to its dispersal in ships’ ballast water. All probe sets were tested against as many closely related species as could be obtained and the reaction conditions were optimised for maximum sensitivity and specificity of M. roseus. Plankton samples collected in the Derwent Estuary between August 2003 and June 2004 were tested with the probes using a nested polymerase chain reaction. Maoricolpus roseus was detected in the plankton samples especially in the spring–summer period. The presence of M. roseus in the plankton and water available for ships’ ballast indicates that the risk of this species being spread by shipping needs to be managed.
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7

Millett, Alec. "Commercial shipping and offshore exploration—safety by design: a case for holistic marine spatial planning." APPEA Journal 54, no. 2 (2014): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj13130.

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In its navigation safety and environment protection role, the Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) is compulsorily consulted by offshore exploration proponents during the preparation of their environmental plans (EPs). AMSA is an interested party regarding the safe navigation of commercial shipping conducting coastal and international trade in all areas, including those where proposed geotechnical, geophysical, or production activities may take place. Acreage releases often overlap busy shipping lanes and, in some cases, International Maritime Organization (IMO) adopted measures that support the safety of shipping and protection of the marine environment. Ships transiting these areas carry cargos of considerable volume and net worth and often substances that are hazardous or dangerous. AMSA, during the proponents’ EP consultation phase, provides advice and assesses navigational and infrastructure risk based on locations of proposed offshore activities and commercial shipping activity. It is apparent that during approval processes, risks related to commercial shipping may not always be fully considered. This can lead to the need for careful expectation management to limit risk exposure. Below are examples where permit areas are shown along with commercial shipping traffic patterns. Commercial shipping and exploration activity can coexist through careful and early communication and adept planning. Maturing marine spatial planning (MSP) processes may provide opportunities to ensure timely and relevant information is shared while adhering to regulatory requirements. This extended abstract and its poster presentation highlight the ability to share spatial information, including commercial vessel traffic information, over a common water space to realise safety and efficiency gains for all concerned.
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8

Eadie, Edward N. "Employment of Foreign Seafarers on Australian Controlled Ships – Introduction, Shipping Registration Options, and Domestic Legislative Considerations." Maritime Studies 2000, no. 111 (March 2000): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07266472.2000.10878592.

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9

Ragusa, Angela T., and Andrea Crampton. "Cruising for better air quality: Australian clean air submissions, issues, and recommendations." E3S Web of Conferences 158 (2020): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015802003.

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Clean air remains an elusive and inequitable human right. Air pollution unnecessarily increases morbidity, mortality rates, and environmental degradation globally. This paper presents results from a content analysis of all (n = 133) submissions to the 2019 New South Wales Government call for public feedback to its ‘Clean Air’ issues and action priorities. Findings show stakeholder agreement that air pollution’s regulation and measurement are problematic. Issue framing divulged stakeholder agendas, particularly for shipping industries, highlighted inconsistencies in government and industry regulations, and revealed mistrust and issue partiality. Science literacy, proximity to pollution source, socioeconomic status, and pollution visibility affected issue descriptions and recommendations. Cruise ships in Sydney Harbour received disproportionately high focus relative to their contribution to the shipping industry’s contribution to local air pollution. Government and health body submissions proposed public education, awareness raising, and personal action as key steps to avoid emission exposure. We argue such ‘deficit theory’ approaches are inadequate in light of international research evidencing pollution visibility and personal perception poorly reflect scientific air quality measures. To surpass Australian NIMBY approaches to air pollution, we propose adopting European international legislative reform to equitably enforce clean air ‘rights’ and actions across industries, governments, and communities, irrespective of stakeholder priorities.
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10

Hyslop, Jonathan. "Oceanic Mobility and Settler-Colonial Power: Policing the Global Maritime Labour Force in Durban Harbour C. 1890–1910." Journal of Transport History 36, no. 2 (December 2015): 248–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/tjth.36.2.7.

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Recent scholarship on seafarers in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century has tended to emphasise the mobility and diverse geographical origins of the global steamship workforce. This article, while sharing that perspective, cautions that a more nuanced view is called for, which also recognises the limits of their mobility. In doing so, it suggests, more broadly, that the period before the First World War cannot be thought of simply as an ‘Age of Acceleration’, but also needs to be seen as a period in which new kinds of limitation to mobility emerged. In the British colonial port of Durban, although there was in this period a vast increase in shipping activity, seamen were subject to an intense regime of restriction. An immigration bureaucracy initially created to exclude Indian immigrants, also shut out sailors of all nationalities and races. A particular precipitant of this policy was the hostility of Natal officials to the crews of ‘cattleboats’, ships bringing livestock to southern Africa from the Mediterranean, Argentina, Australia, the US and elsewhere. Across the globe, immigration controls in this period were in general less intense than they became after 1914, but in some places, such as Durban, new forms of limitation on mobility were being tried out. The article also highlights the vast worldwide system of labour documentation operated by the British merchant marine through Shipping Offices and Consuls in almost every significant port. Mobility in the British Empire was radically differentiated, with numerous centres of power making their own claims to control movement.
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Дисертації з теми "Ships and shipping Australia"

1

Yeung, Tat-chuen. "The Hong Kong shipping register : past, present and future /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13762217.

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Mitchell, Colin L. "Countering maritime terrorism in the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean : implications of possible maritime terrorism in the Caribbean /." Fort Leavenworth, Kan. : [U.S. Army Command and General Staff College], 2007. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA475516.

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3

Agarwal, Richa. "Network design and alliance formation for liner shipping." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007, 2007. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-07082007-213229/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.
Professor Michael D. Meyer, Committee Member ; Professor Ozlem Ergun, Committee Chair ; Professor Ellis Johnson, Committee Member ; Professor George L. Nemhauser, Committee Member ; Professor H. Venkateswaran, Committee Member.
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4

Yeung, Tat-chuen, and 楊達存. "The Hong Kong shipping register: past, present and future." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31964667.

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5

Winnes, Hulda, Linda Styhre, and Erik Fridell. "Reducing GHG emissions from ships in port areas." Elsevier, 2015. https://publish.fid-move.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A73223.

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Climate change has recently received more attention in the shipping sector. This is mainly due to a growing demand for reduced global emissions and the fact that shipping is one of the fastest growing sectors in terms of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In parallel, ports have started to introduce programmes and policies to address these emissions. This study aims at quantifying potential reductions of ships' emissions of GHG from efforts implemented by ports. Building on a model that calculates GHG emissions from ships in various scenarios for individual ports, different kinds of measures for emission reductions are investigated for diverse types of vessels and parts of the port area. A case study of the ship traffic to the Port of Gothenburg is performed. Projections of ship emissions in the port area for 2030 are made, and three scenarios, ‘1. Alternative fuel’, ‘2. Ship design’ and ‘3. Operation’, are analysed. These scenarios are related to a business as usual development. GHG emissions from ships in the port are projected to increase by 40% to 2030 in a business as usual (BAU) scenario. The highest reductions were seen in the ‘Operation’ scenario where GHG emissions were 10% lower than the BAU level.
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6

Ward, Robin McGregor. "The 'mystery' of the medieval shipmaster : the English shipmaster at law, in business and at sea between the mid-fourteenth and mid-fifteenth centuries." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369792.

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Formentin, Grace. "Estimating the dispersion of shipping emissions from Fremantle port, Western Australia." Thesis, Formentin, Grace (2017) Estimating the dispersion of shipping emissions from Fremantle port, Western Australia. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2017. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/37946/.

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Fremantle Port is Western Australia's largest general cargo port and has experienced more than 10,660 ship visits since 2011. The burning of marine fuels, however, significantly affects air quality in nearby areas. As there are no air pollution monitoring stations in Fremantle, the impact of emissions from Fremantle port is largely unknown. There is one air pollution modelling study for Fremantle Port (Rolfe, 2016), which was carried out with AERMOD, a steady-state Gaussian plume dispersion model, known to have limitations in its applicability for use in coastal areas. As part of the Rolfe (2016) study, an hourly emissions inventory was created using publicly available data, but the sensitivity of AERMOD to key assumptions and parameters used in developing the inventory were not tested. Therefore, the aims of this thesis were to 1) repeat the study by Rolfe (2016) in order to carry out a sensitivity study on key assumptions and parameters used in the calculation of the emission inventory, and 2) compare the steady-state Gaussian plume model, AERMOD, versus a Lagrangian puff model, CALPUFF, which is more suitable for use in coastal regions. Results showed that, among the several parameters tested, AERMOD was highly sensitive to driving meteorology and ship stack height. Meteorology over water and shorter stack heights resulted in the highest concentrations. Regulatory exceedances of the 1 hour average for SO2 occurred for several simulations. CALPUFF concentrations were higher than AERMOD's for the maximum 1 hour averages and annual averages, but lower than AERMOD's for the maximum 24 hour averages. A caveat of this study is that the simulated concentrations could not be evaluated due to a lack of air pollution monitoring stations near Fremantle port. As AERMOD was highly sensitive to ships stack height, future air pollution modelling studies require actual ship stack height data in order to more accurately simulate concentrations.
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8

Lewins, Kate. "The Trade Practices Act (Cth) 1974 and its impact on maritime law in Australia /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2008. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20081223.135713.

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9

Peel, Samantha. "The development of the bill of lading : its future in the maritime industry." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/407.

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This Thesis will consider the development of the traditional bill of lading from its origins, which appear to be much older than previously considered, up to the present day. The development of the bill of lading will be examined in order to answer basic questions: what is a traditional bill of lading, and what functions does it perform. In Part I of the Thesis the development of the three main functions of the traditional bill will be considered, namely receipt, contract, document of title. It will conclude with observations on the nature of the traditional bill of lading and how it differs from the early form of the bill of lading. Part II of the Thesis will then consider the development and nature of related shipping documents (charterparty bills, received for shipment bills, non-transferable bills), how far these documents perform the functions of the traditional bill of lading, and whether they can be truly described as bills of lading. Part II will then go on to consider the development and nature of electronic bills of lading and assess how well such bills perform the functions of the traditional bill of lading. The Thesis will conclude that although most of the functions of the traditional bill are in effect performed by electronic bills, electronic bills are in fact a new type of bill of lading and not merely a traditional bill in an electronic format. Conclusions will then be drawn as to what effect the development of new types of bill of lading will have on the future of the traditional bill of lading in the maritime industry.
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Clarke, David. "Coastwise from Cumberland : Maryport coastal trade, 1855-1889 /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ34170.pdf.

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Книги з теми "Ships and shipping Australia"

1

Plowman, Peter. Emigrant ships to luxury liners: Passenger ships to Australia and New Zealand 1945-1990. Kensington, N.S.W: New South Wales University Press, 1992.

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2

Parsons, Ronald H. Migrant ships for South Australia, 1836-1866. 3rd ed. Gumeracha, SA: Gould Books, 1999.

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3

Coombes, John Lyle. Tall ships: The sixteen square riggers of Australia and New Zealand. Wollombi, N.S.W: Exisle Publishing, 2006.

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4

Plowman, Peter. Migrant ships to Australia and New Zealand: 1900-1939. Wellington, N.Z: Transpress, 2009.

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5

Migrant ships to Australia and New Zealand: 1900-1939. Wellington, N.Z: Transpress, 2009.

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6

Maritime archaeology in Australia. Nedlands, W.A: University of Western Australia Press, 1986.

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7

Ahern, Patrick. Full sail beyond the three capes: The French bounty ships in Australia 1898-1925. Merewether, N.S.W: P. A. Ahern, 2008.

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8

Ahern, Patrick. French sailing ships at Australian ports: Arrivals and departures 1898-1925. Merewether, N.S.W: P. A. Ahern, 2010.

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9

Sexton, R. T. Shipping arrivals and departures, South Australia, 1627-1850: A guide for genealogists and maritime historians. Ridgehaven, SA: Gould Books, 1990.

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10

Cairns, Lynne. Unfinished voyages: Western Australian shipwrecks, 1881-1900. Nedlands, W.A: University of Western Australia Press, 1995.

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Частини книг з теми "Ships and shipping Australia"

1

Branch, Alan E. "Ships and their cargoes." In Elements of Shipping, 42–66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9292-0_4.

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Branch, Alan E. "Ships and their cargoes." In Elements of Shipping, 47–71. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3284-6_4.

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3

Ventikos, Nikolaos P., Konstantinos Louzis, and Panagiotis Sotiralis. "Oil Pollution: Sustainable Ships and Shipping." In Sustainable Shipping, 167–201. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04330-8_5.

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4

Wood, Donald F., Anthony Barone, Paul Murphy, and Daniel L. Wardlow. "Ocean Ships and Shipping." In International Logistics, 64–84. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2085-6_4.

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5

Unger, Richard W. "Ships and shipping technology." In The Routledge Companion to Marine and Maritime Worlds, 1400–1800, 221–41. London ; New York, NY : Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003048503-10.

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6

Branch, Alan E. "Customs House and ships’ papers." In Elements of Shipping, 91–105. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9292-0_6.

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7

Branch, Alan E. "Customs house and ships’ papers." In Elements of Shipping, 91–105. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3284-6_6.

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8

Linné, Philip, and Erik Svensson. "Regulating Pollution from Ships." In Shipping and the Environment, 75–121. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49045-7_3.

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9

de la Rue, Colin, Charles B. Anderson, and Jonathan Hare. "Pollution from ships' bunkers." In Shipping and the Environment, 337–56. 3rd ed. London: Informa Law from Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429243516-8.

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de la Rue, Colin, Charles B. Anderson, and Jonathan Hare. "The owners of colliding ships." In Shipping and the Environment, 729–51. 3rd ed. London: Informa Law from Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429243516-22.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Ships and shipping Australia"

1

Tamaura, Yutaka, Hiroshi Kaneko, Akinori Fuse, and Hideyuki Ishihara. "Production of Solar Hybrid Fuels of DME, Methanol and H2 in Australia and Shipping to Japan." In ASME 2005 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2005-76152.

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Анотація:
Solar hybrid fuel production from natural gas using concentrated solar thermal energy in Australia was studied, assuming that 54.6MW/(one unit of solar farm) of the concentrated solar thermal energy is used for the endothermic process of stream reforming (solar steam reforming; SSR) with total solar energy conversion efficiency of 45.5% (120MW of heliostat field; one unit of solar farm). With 23 units of the solar farm, natural gas of 2516t/d can be reformed by the SSR. To ship the product fuel to Japan by existing tankers, the syngas (CO + 3H2) produced by the SSR is separated into one mole of H2 (375t/d) and the mixed gas of one mole of CO and two moles of H2 which is converted to one mole of methanol (6000t/d) to be shipped by existing tankers. The one mole of H2 will be used in Australia as the H2 fuel with 25% solar share (CO2 reduction). To improve cost barrier between oil and the methanol produced by SSR, the CO2 zero emission process of the combined process of SSR and AT (auto-thermal process) is proposed as the one whose methanol cost can be competitive with oil, when carbon tax is introduced. By shipping the methanol produced by the CO2 zero emission process of the combined process of SSR-AT (economically feasible), we can reduce CO2 emission by co-firing coal and methanol at coal-firing power stations in Japan. In this system, an excess H2 fuel with solar energy is produced, and can be used in Australia.
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2

van der Werf, K. "Inbiship Innovation In Inland Shipping." In Coastal Ships and Inland Waterways. RINA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.cs.1999.8.

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Tozer, D., and A. Penfold. "Energy Prices and Container Shipping." In Design & Operation of Container Ships. RINA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.cont.2006.11.

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4

Levander, O. "Ship Intelligence – A New Era in Shipping." In Smart Ships Technology 2016. RINA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.sst.2016.12.

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5

Bertram, V. "The Future (of Shipping) is Connected and Smart." In Smart Ships Technology 2016. RINA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.sst.2016.17.

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6

Hunt, N. W. "Coastal Shipping From The Master's Point of View." In Coastal Ships and Inland Waterways. RINA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.cs.1999.4.

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7

Jukola, H., and K. Lindborg. "New Applications For Azimuth Thrusters In Coastal and Inland Shipping." In Coastal Ships and Inland Waterways. RINA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.cs.1999.12.

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8

Papanikolaou, Apostolos, George Zaraphonitis, Markus Jokinen, Adrien Aubert, Stephan Harries, Jochen Marzi, George Mermiris, and Rachmat Gunawan. "Holistic Ship Design for Green Shipping." In SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2022-020.

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Анотація:
The pattern of seaborne trade and goods transportation is changing and ships need to adapt to changes of customer and market requirements, cargo volumes, and new legislation for the safety of ships and nowadays, even more, to the strict regulatory requirements for the protection of the environment. Responding to the urgent needs for substantial reduction of GHG (Green House gas) emissions from marine operations in line with the ambitious targets set by the International Maritime Organisation and the European Commission, a series of research and development works were initiated in the maritime sector for the ships designed and built today and be operating in the next decades to meet future environmental requirements. Responding to these needs, the recently completed Horizon 2020 European Research project – HOLISHIP – Holistic Optimisation of Ship Design and Operation for Life Cycle (2016-2020) has developed suitable tools and software platforms, as necessary for the creation of innovative design solutions meeting the set low emission strategic objectives. The present paper is presenting the HOLISHIP, multi-objective optimisation approach to green shipping and demonstrates a subset of its functionality by two green design RoPAX case studies.
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9

Femenia, Jose. "Green Propulsion Plants for Arctic Shipping." In SNAME 8th International Conference and Exhibition on Performance of Ships and Structures in Ice. SNAME, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2008-102.

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The paper compares the use of gas turbine/stream turbine combined power plants and pressurized water nuclear power plants to power LNG carriers design for Arctic service. The paper is based on the work done by a team of USMMA midshipmen who participated in a SNAME/MARAD competition for the design of an Ultra Green Arctic Shipping Vessel/System. The two plant designs will be reviewed as well as the economic and environmental benefits of each plant. The application of the plants to a specific transit route and a specific size vessel will also be presented. For the example vessels the nuclear powered vessel will utilize on-board liquefaction and the combined cycle plant will utilize the boil-off as fuel.
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10

Tustin, Robert, and Mikko Niini. "Future possibilities for Trans-Arctic shipping." In SNAME 9th International Conference and Exhibition on Performance of Ships and Structures in Ice. SNAME, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2010-148.

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“Year-round Trans-Arctic marine transportation route between the North Atlantic and the North Pacific oceans could plausibly open in one or two decades …” has been reported in the conclusions of the AMSA (2009) study. A number of feasibility studies, and ship design concepts, are compared in the paper to highlight possibilities for future Trans-Arctic ships.
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1

Transport 2040: Autonomous Ships: A New Paradigm for Norwegian Shipping - Technology and Transformation. World Maritime University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21677/itf.20190715.

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