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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Ship Collision"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 24 січня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Ship Collision"

Kim, Dong-Gyun, Katsutoshi Hirayama, and Gyei-Kark Park. "Collision Avoidance in Multiple-Ship Situations by Distributed Local Search." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 18, no. 5 (September 20, 2014): 839–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2014.p0839.

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Анотація:

As vital transportation carriers in trade, ships have the advantage of stability, economy, and bulk capacity over airplanes, trucks, and trains. Even so, their loss and cost due to collisions and other accidents exceed those of any other mode of transportation. To prevent ship collisions many ways have been suggested, e.g., the 1972 COLREGs which is the regulation for preventing collision between ships. Technologically speaking, many related studies have been conducted. The term “Ship domain” involves that area surrounding a ship that the navigator wants to keep other ships clear of. Ship domain alone is not sufficient, however, for enabling one or more ships to simultaneously determine the collision risk for all of the ships concerned. Fuzzy theory is useful in helping ships avoid collision in that fuzzy theory may define whether collision risk is based on distance to closest point of approach, time to closest point of approach, or relative bearing – algorithms that are difficult to apply to more than one ships at one time. The main purpose of this study is thus to reduce collision risk among multiple ships using a distributed local search algorithm (DLSA). By exchanging information on, for example, next-intended courses within a certain area among ships, ships having the maximum reduction in collision risk change courses simultaneously until all ships approach a destination without collision. In this paper, we introduce distributed local search and explain how it works using examples. We conducted experiments to test distributed local search performance for certain instances of ship collision avoidance. Experiments results showed that in most cases, our proposal applies well in ship collision avoidance amongmultiple ships.

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Zhang, Ke, Liwen Huang, Xiao Liu, Jiahao Chen, Xingya Zhao, Weiguo Huang, and Yixiong He. "A Novel Decision Support Methodology for Autonomous Collision Avoidance Based on Deduction of Manoeuvring Process." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 6 (June 1, 2022): 765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10060765.

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In the last few years, autonomous ships have attracted increasing attention in the maritime industry. Autonomous ships with an autonomous collision avoidance capability are the development trend for future ships. In this study, a ship manoeuvring process deduction-based dynamic adaptive autonomous collision avoidance decision support method for autonomous ships is presented. Firstly, the dynamic motion parameters of the own ship relative to the target ship are calculated by using the dynamic mathematical model. Then the fuzzy set theory is adopted to construct collision risk models, which combine the spatial collision risk index (SCRI) and time collision risk index (TCRI) in different encountered situations. After that, the ship movement model and fuzzy adaptive PID method are used to derive the ships’ manoeuvre motion process. On this basis, the feasible avoidance range and the optimal steering angle for ship collision avoidance are calculated by deducting the manoeuvring process and the modified velocity obstacle (VO) method. Moreover, to address the issue of resuming sailing after the ship collision avoidance is completed, the Line of Sight (LOS) guidance system is adopted to resume normal navigation for the own ship in this study. Finally, the dynamic adaptive autonomous collision avoidance model is developed by combining the ship movement model, the fuzzy adaptive PID control model, the modified VO method and the resume-sailing model. The results of the simulation show that the proposed methodology can effectively avoid collisions between the own ship and the moving TSs for situations involving two or multiple ships, and the own ship can resume its original route after collision avoidance is completed. Additionally, it is also proved that this method can be applied to complex situations with various encountered ships, and it exhibits excellent adaptability and effectiveness when encountering multiple objects and complex situations.

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Li, Weifeng, Lufeng Zhong, Yaochen Liu, and Guoyou Shi. "Ship Intrusion Collision Risk Model Based on a Dynamic Elliptical Domain." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 6 (May 26, 2023): 1122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11061122.

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To improve navigation safety in maritime environments, a key step is to reduce the influence of human factors on the risk assessment of ship collisions by automating the decision-making process as much as possible. This paper optimizes a dynamic elliptical ship domain based on Automatic Identification System (AIS) data, combines the relative motion between ships in different encounter situations and the level of ship intrusion in the domain, and proposes a ship intrusion collision risk (SICR) model. The simulation results show that the optimized ship domain meets the visualization requirements, and the intrusion model has good collision risk perception ability, which can be used as the evaluation standard of ship collision risk: when the SICR is 0.5–0.6, the ship can establish a collaborative collision avoidance decision-making relationship with other ships, and the action ship can take effective collision avoidance action at the best time when the SICR is between 0.3 and 0.5. The SICR model can give navigators a more accurate and rapid perception of navigation risks, enabling timely maneuvering decisions, and improving navigation safety.

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Cheng, Zhiyou, Yaling Li, and Bing Wu. "Early Warning Method and Model of Inland Ship Collision Risk Based on Coordinated Collision-Avoidance Actions." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2020 (July 20, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5271794.

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To reduce the occurrence of ship collisions, immediate danger, and close-quarters situations in narrow inland waterways, a step-by-step early warning system for ship collision-avoidance actions was developed, along with an early warning method and model of collision risk based on coordinated collision-avoidance actions. This study first analyzed the importance of coordinated collision-avoidance actions in inland waterways, and the process and key components of coordinated collision-avoidance actions were studied. Then, the early warning method of inland ship collision risk based on coordinated collision-avoidance actions was introduced; the effectiveness of the early warning method was comparatively analyzed via experimental observations. A framework of early warning model of inland ship collision risk was created based on the early warning method; a collision risk early warning model for inland ships based on coordinated collision-avoidance actions was proposed according to the relationship between the distance/time to the closest point of approach (DCPA, TCPA), coordination degree of collision-avoidance actions of the two considered ships and collision risk; moreover, the early warning model of inland ship collision risk was further considered for quantitative calculation. Finally, the application of the early warning method and model was demonstrated using a case study. The results indicate that the early warning method of inland ship collision risk based on coordinated collision-avoidance actions could effectively reduce the emergence of close-quarters situations and immediate danger, and the early warning model could quantitatively show the evolution of collision risk of two ships along with the process of coordinated collision-avoidance actions.

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Li, Yun, and Haiyu Zhang. "Collision Avoidance Decision Method for Unmanned Surface Vehicle Based on an Improved Velocity Obstacle Algorithm." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 8 (July 29, 2022): 1047. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10081047.

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Анотація:

To ensure navigation safety, unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) need to have autonomous collision avoidance capability. A large number of studies on ship collision avoidance are available, and most of these papers assume that the target ships keep straight or follows the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGS). However, in the actual navigation process, the target ship may temporarily turn. Based on the above reasons, this paper proposes a multi-ship collision avoidance decision method for USVs based on the improved velocity obstacle algorithm. In the basic dynamic ship domain model, a collision risk model is constructed to improve the accuracy of the risk assessment between the USV and target ships. The velocity obstacle algorithm is combined with the dynamic ship domain, and the collision avoidance timing and method are judged according to the collision risk. The simulation results show that the decision method can handle the situation that the target ship temporarily turns and has an emergency collision avoidance capability. Compared with the traditional VO algorithm, the collision avoidance time of the method is shorter, and the number of course changes is less.

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Gong, Haonan. "Application of Viscoelastic Materials in Ship Collision." Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 5, no. 11 (November 30, 2021): 118–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jcer.v5i11.2690.

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With the expansion of global trade routes, ship collision has become a major problem. This article proposes an approach by laying viscoelastic material on the inner side of the ship to increase the crashworthiness. By using the nonlinear finite element model software, this study simulates ship collisions as well as models and analyzes ships along with viscoelastic materials. The results from the simulation suggest that viscoelastic materials can effectively protect ships during collisions.

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Wei, Guan, and Wang Kuo. "COLREGs-Compliant Multi-Ship Collision Avoidance Based on Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Technique." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 10 (October 4, 2022): 1431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10101431.

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Анотація:

The congestion of waterways can easily lead to traffic hazards. Moreover, according to the data, the majority of sea collisions are caused by human error and the failure to comply with the Convention on the International Regulation for the preventing Collision at Sea (COLREGs). To avoid this situation, ship automatic collision avoidance has become one of the most important research issues in the field of marine engineering. In this study, an efficient method is proposed to solve multi-ship collision avoidance problems based on the multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithm. Firstly, the COLREGs and ship maneuverability are considered for achieving multi-ship collision avoidance. Subsequently, the Optimal Reciprocal Collision Avoidance (ORCA) algorithm is utilized to detect and reduce the risk of collision. Ships can operate at the safe velocity computed by the ORCA algorithm to avoid collisions. Finally, the Nomoto three-degrees-of-freedom (3-DOF) model is used to simulate the maneuvers of ships. According to the above information and algorithms, this study designs and improves the state space, action space and reward function. For validating the effectiveness of the method, this study designs various simulation scenarios with thorough performance evaluations. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method is flexible and scalable in solving multi-ship collision avoidance, complying with COLREGs in various scenarios.

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Li, Qiang. "A Research on Autonomous Collision Avoidance under the Constraint of COLREGs." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (January 30, 2023): 2446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032446.

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In this paper, a decision-making model suitable for the collision avoidance (CA) of numerous target ships (TSs) is proposed, based on the principle of ship collision avoidance geometry and the characteristics of numerous target ships’ collision avoidance at sea. To ensure that the collision avoidance behaviors of own-ship (OS) are subject to the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGS), this paper gives full consideration to the requirements of COLREGS within the scope of CA action and the time of collision avoidance. A ship CA simulation is established based on the Mathematical Modeling Group (MMG) model. To optimize the CA decision-making model, the influence of hydrodynamic force on steering time required to reach the new course is integrated into the collision avoidance simulation system. The simulation results show that the method can quickly and effectively determine a collision avoidance decision under the complex situation of numerous target ships and static obstacles, and it can consider the unpredictable strategies used by other vessels.

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Weng, Jinxian, Guorong Li, Tian Chai, and Dong Yang. "Evaluation of Two-Ship Collision Severity using Ordered Probit Approaches." Journal of Navigation 71, no. 4 (February 1, 2018): 822–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463317000996.

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This study develops an ordered probit model to evaluate the factors influencing two-ship collision severity using ten years’ ship collision accident data from Fujian sea areas. The model results show that the involvement of big ships has the largest impact in increasing the probability of a serious or very serious accident, followed by the involvement of fishing vessels. There will be a bigger probability of a serious accident if both ships involved in the collision are cargo ships. We found that the season of spring, poor visibility and night time periods are more likely to be factors in high severity levels of ship collision. The results also reveal that lookout failure plays a decisive role in increasing serious accident risk compared with other types of human errors. The results of this study may be beneficial for policy-makers in proposing efficient strategies to reduce the likelihood of serious ship collisions.

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Wang, Zhiyuan, Yong Wu, Xiumin Chu, Chenguang Liu, and Mao Zheng. "Risk Identification Method for Ship Navigation in the Complex Waterways via Consideration of Ship Domain." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 12 (November 29, 2023): 2265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11122265.

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Анотація:

Collision risk identification is an important basis for intelligent ship navigation decision-making, which evaluates results that play a crucial role in the safe navigation of ships. However, the curvature, narrowness, and restricted water conditions of complex waterways bring uncertainty and ambiguity to the judgment of the danger of intelligent ship navigation situation, making it difficult to calculate such risk accurately and efficiently with a unified standard. This study proposes a new method for identifying ship navigation risks by combining the ship domain with AIS data to increase the prediction accuracy of collision risk identification for ship navigation in complex waterways. In this method, a ship domain model is constructed based on the ship density map drawn using AIS data. Then, the collision time with the target ship is calculated based on the collision hazard detection line and safety distance boundary, forming a method for dividing the danger level of the ship navigation situation. In addition, the effectiveness of this method was verified through simulation of ships navigation in complex waterways, and correct collision avoidance decisions can be made with the Regulations for Preventing Collisions in Inland Rivers of the People’s Republic of China, indicating the advantages of the proposed risk identification method in practical applications.

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Дисертації з теми "Ship Collision"

Chen, Donghui. "Simplified Ship Collision Model." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32095.

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Анотація:

The serious consequence of ship collisions necessitates the development of regulations and requirements for the subdivision and structural design of ships to reduce damage and environmental pollution from collision, and improve safety. The on-going revision of IMO regulations on oil outflow performance and damage stability in grounding and collision is focused on a transition to probabilistic performance-based standards. This thesis addresses one aspect of this problem, a simplified collision model sufficient to predict collision damage, and fast enough to be used in probabilistic analysis requiring thousands of collision simulations. The simplified collision model (SIMCOL) developed and evaluated in this thesis is based on a time domain simultaneous solution of external dynamics and internal deformation mechanics. The external sub-model uses a three-degree of freedom system for ship dynamics. The internal sub-model determines reacting forces from side and bulkhead structures using mechanisms adapted from Rosenblatt and McDermott, and absorbed energy by decks, bottoms and stringers calculated using the Minorsky correlation as modified by Reardon and Sprung. SIMCOL is applied to a series of collision scenarios. Results are compared with MIT's DAMAGE, a Danish Technical University (DTU) model and ALPS/SCOL. SIMCOL provides a fast, consistent and reasonable result for ship collision analysis. An actual collision case is used in an initial attempt to validate the model. This research is sponsored by the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (SNAME) and the Ship Structure Committee (SSC).
Master of Science

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Abu, Bakar Anuar Bin. "Ship collision and grounding performances." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2760.

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This present thesis investigates the accidental load of ship collision and grounding performances. To achieve this objective the thesis is composed of several main tasks. The main tasks comprise the rupture prediction, validation of material failure, ship grounding analysis and ship collision analysis. To predict material rupture, FLD material failure was used and validated with available experimental and FEA data. The FLD was extended to established material failure scaling laws which consider onset failure at plane strain in relation to mesh sizes. This was accomplished by running mesh convergence studies at different mesh sizes and at different FLD0. The linear material damage evolution is adopted in this case until the convergence results were satisfied. The material damage was used for all of further analysis in ship collision and grounding and employed mild steel and high tensile steel material properties. The ship grounding structure damage was investigated by deploying conical rocks at different locations of the ship's double bottom structure. The analysis focused on vertical penetration and horizontal penetration which contributed to significant damage to the structure. The ship collision analysis was investigated in various types of structures arrangement and diverse ship striking scenarios to penetrate struck ship and collide rigid wall. Furthermore, the prediction of ship collision and grounding were extended by using simplified approaches that were capable to predict ship collision to rigid wall, rigid body striking ship collided with deformable struck ship and deformable collision of striking and struck ship. Finally, this substantial amount of research work achieved the objectives of the study when the results of accidental load were validated and correlate well with experimental, empirical and FEA simulations at more than a satisfactory level.

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Mermiris, Georgios Apostolou. "A risk-based design approach to ship - ship collision." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2010. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=12405.

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Lindsay, K. W. "Secondary radar, collision avoidance and ship-to-ship communication." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332121.

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Phillips, Loyd D. "Simulation of ship-ice collision dynamics." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9860.

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The Canadian government has committed substantial research funds towards improving guidelines for the structural design of commercial ships operating in northern waterways. Of particular concern is the threat to survivability presented by head-on collision with multi-year ice or fragments of icebergs. The task of developing effective numerical models for studying the collision process has been hampered by the complexity of the physical interaction mechanisms. The present research considers the nonlinear and dynamic character of this problem. A method for time-domain simulation of hullgirder stresses in icebreaking ships during collisions with multi-year ice is described. The model, ITHACA$\sb{-}$SHIP, considers the transient ship-ice interaction and fluid-structure phenomena as strongly coupled through ship dynamics. Emphasis has therefore been placed on the development of hydrodynamic and ice force models. Rigorous kinematic constraints at the interaction interface were identified as a critical factor in replicating the dynamic characteristics of prototype collision response. This led to the development of techniques for the three-dimensional mapping of this instantaneous ice boundary relative to the moving hull surface. The transient hydrodynamic force is also calculated directly, using boundary integral equation methods and a two-dimensional strip approach. The wave radiation problem for defining the free surface boundary of the fluid is based on a mixed Euler-Lagrange formulation. The prediction of hullgirder stresses is carried out in two steps. Ice and fluid interaction forces are first determined from a rigid body motions simulation, and then subsequently applied as generalized forces in an analysis of flexural response. The hullgirder bending moments and stresses are extracted from the response. The modeling methodology has been verified by predicting simulated stress results for the MV Arctic, a multi-purpose bulk carrier. Good correlation was observed between the numerical predictions and corresponding results from physical model tests and full scale ramming trials. Further discussion is given concerning whipping indicated at higher impact speeds. Nonlinearity of the ship-ice and fluid-structure interaction phenomena has been assessed by introducing progressively more complex representations of the physical mechanisms into the ITHACA$\sb{-}$SHIP model. These studies found a high degree of coupling between the two effects. The transient hydrodynamic term was shown to be a significant factor, and the importance of the kinematic criteria confirmed. The indirect representation of collision interaction forces using conventional added mass and damping coefficients in the equations of motion was shown to be conceptually incorrect. The present research has largely been limited to the development of the modeling methodology and examination of a number of suppositions concerning the collision process. But, interactive design software is available in the ITHACA$\sb{-}$SHIP model which gives it a capacity for representing realistic ship forms. It may therefore be applied more generally as an engineering tool for conceptual design and parametric analysis; either to investigate collisions with ice, or other types of obstacles, such as mud banks and reefs.

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Kim, Ji Young 1968. "Analysis of bow crushing in ship collision." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77770.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Ocean Engineering, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-110).
Collision of ships with oil tankers poses, next to grounding, one of the most serious environmental threats at sea. In many previous analyses of the collision problem, the bow of the impacting ship was considered rigid. The objective of the present research is to include the finite strength of the bow in the overall collision simulation. The emphasis will be placed on typical raked shapes because some work already has been reported in the past on bulbous bows. The main structural members will include side shell and the deck. Transverse and longitudinal stiffeners will be taken into account by means of a smearing technique. A structural model is developed by identifying localized zones of plastic deformations from photographs of damaged ships. Then, the contributions of the membrane and bending resistance is assessed and a simple computational model is developed. The solution includes determination of the force-indentation relationship, a number of folds and a total amount of damage for a given speed of a ship. Five scale model tests were run and the force-deflection characteristics were recorded. A good correlation was obtained between the analytical solution and experimental results.
by Ji Young Kim.
S.M.

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Xia, Jianjun. "Finite Element Analysis of Ship Collisions." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34133.

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The serious consequence of ship collisions necessitates the development of regulations and requirements for the subdivision and structural design of ships so that damage and environmental pollution is reduced, and safety is improved. A simplified collision model (SIMCOL) is currently being developed at Virginia Tech to conduct probabilistic analysis of damage in ship collisions and ultimately optimize ship structural designs to improve crashworthiness. Collision data for validation of SIMCOL is very difficult to obtain, and model testing is very costly. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) provides an alternative to physical validation that can be used to increase confidence and insight in simplified model results. This thesis develops a complete methodology for ship-to-ship collision simulations using the explicit non-linear FE code LS-DYNA3D. Various modeling alternatives are considered. The ability to model a complete ship-to-ship collision is developed incrementally starting with bow collisions with a rigid wall. A super-element (intersection model) approach is considered to increase the calculation speed of bow models. A conventional fine mesh finite element bow model is also developed. Results from both models are compared with each other, and with a closed-form calculation from Pedersen. A fine mesh model is developed for a struck tanker cargo section and integrated in a total ship framework modeling external dynamics and ship-to-ship contact. A series of collision scenarios is simulated using the conventional bow model and a rigid bow model striking a double hull tanker. Results are compared with SIMCOL, DAMAGE, DTU and ALPS/SCOL models. LS-DYNA provides detailed and reasonable results for ship collision analysis and comparison to increase confidence in simplified models.
Master of Science

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Coenen, Frans Pierre. "A rule based collision avoidance system." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.237820.

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Zhu, Ling. "Dynamic inelastic behaviour of ship plates in collision." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324960.

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Vakkalanka, Suryanarayana. "Simplified Bow Model for a Striking Ship in Collision." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32974.

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The serious consequences of ship collisions necessitate the development of regulations and requirements for the subdivision and structural design of ships to reduce damage and environmental pollution, and improve safety. Differences in striking ship bow stiffness, draft, bow height and shape have an important influence on the allocation of absorbed energy between striking and struck ships. The energy absorbed by the striking ship may be significant. The assumption of a â rigidâ striking bow may no longer hold good and typical simplifying assumptions may not be sufficient. The bow collision process is simulated by developing a striking ship bow model that uses Pedersen's super-element approach and the explicit non-linear FE code LS-DYNA. This model is applied to a series of collision scenarios. Results are compared with conventional FE model results, closed-form calculations, DAMAGE, DTU, ALPS/SCOL and SIMCOL. The results demonstrate that the universal assumption of a rigid striking ship bow is not valid. Bow deformation should be included in future versions of SIMCOL. A simplified bow model is proposed which approximates the results predicted by the three collision models, closed-form, conventional and intersection elements, to a reasonable degree of accuracy. This simplified bow model can be used in further calculations and damage predictions. A single stiffness can be defined for all striking ships in collision, irrespective of size.
Master of Science

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Книги з теми "Ship Collision"

Larsen, Ole Damgaard. Ship collision with bridges. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/sed004.

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Any struoture in navigable waters constitutes a hazard to shipping and is itself vulnerable to damage or destruction in the event of vessel collision. Worldwide vessel traffic and the average size of vessels continue to lncrease. At the same time, ever more bridges crossing navigable waterways are being planned and constructed, sometimes with inadequate navigation clearance and/or lnadequate protection. The objective of this publication is to provide information and guidelinesfor engineers charged with the planning and design of new bridges, navlgation channels, and prevention and protection measures. Lt offers advice on upgrading and retrofrtting existing bridges and navigation channels. And lt provides the means to evaluate the safety of bridges, vessels, persons and the environment. After reviewing some basics o! navigatlon and vessel traffic, and considering risk acceptance and collision risk, the publication examines vessel impact forces on bridges and proposes appropriate bridge design criteria. Prevention measures, such as regulations and management systems. And protectlon measures and systems are also described. Major international research projects have provided the analytical basis for the publication, including the development of vessel collision guide specific-atrons for the Federal Highway Administration in the USA and the vessel colllsion design crrteria developed for the Great Bell Crossing in Oenmark. Prepared by Ole Damgaard LARSEN, Chairman of the IABSE Working Group "Ship Collision with Bridges'', lhis 132 page publlcation is a must for any engineer dealing with structures in navigable waters.

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International Symposium on Advances in Ship Collision Analysis (1998 Copenhagen, Denmark). Ship collision analysis: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Advances in Ship Collision Analysis, Copenhagen, Denmark, 10-13 May 1998. Rotterdam: Balkema, 1998.

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International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering., ed. Ship collision with bridges: The interaction between vessel traffic and bridge structures. Zürich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering, 1993.

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Stamelos, Harry. After the collision: "abandon the ship": A comparative study of UK and Hellenic marine insurance law. Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang, 2007.

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Great Britain. Marine Accident Investigation Branch. Report of the Chief Inspector of Marine Accidents into the collision between the fishing vessel Wilhelmina J amd MV Zulfikar with the loss of six lives on 10 April 1991. London: HMSO, 1992.

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Guard, United States Coast. Investigation into the circumstances surrounding the collision between the M/V Saudi Makkah and the M/V Turtle Queen on March 12, 1997, in the Chesapeake Bay with no injuries, no loss of life, and no pollution. [Washington, DC]: U.S. Coast Guard, 1998.

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Veritas, Bureau. Ship safety handbook 1986: A review of the changes to ship safety surveys resulting from the 1981 and 1983 SOLAS amendments, the protocol of 1978 and introduction of the 1972 collision regulations. London: Lloyd's of London Press, 1986.

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Rogers, Hiromi T. Anjin - The Life and Times of Samurai William Adams, 1564-1620. GB Folkestone: Amsterdam University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9781898823858.

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The year is 1600. It is April and Japan’s iconic cherry trees are in full flower. A battered ship drifts on the tide into Usuki Bay in southern Japan. On board, barely able to stand, are twenty-three Dutchmen and one Englishman, the remnants of a fleet of five ships and 500 men that had set out from Rotterdam in 1598. The Englishman was William Adams, later to be known as Anjin Miura by the Japanese, whose subsequent transformation from wretched prisoner to one of the Shogun’s closest advisers is the centrepiece of this book. As a native of Japan, and a scholar of seventeenth-century Japanese history, the author delves deep into the cultural context facing Adams in what is one of the great examples of assimilation into the highest reaches of a foreign culture. Her access to Japanese sources, including contemporary accounts – some not previously seen by Western scholars researching the subject – offers us a fuller understanding of the life lived by William Adams as a high-ranking samurai and his grandstand view of the collision of cultures that led to Japan’s self-imposed isolation, lasting over two centuries. This is a highly readable account of Adams’ voyage to and twenty years in Japan and that is supported by detailed observations of Japanese culture and society at this time. New light is shed on Adams’ relations with the Dutch and his countrymen, including the disastrous relationship with Captain John Saris, the key role likely to have been played by the munitions, including cannon, removed from Adams’ ship De Liefde in the great battle of Sekigahara (September 1600), the shipbuilding skills that enabled Japan to advance its international maritime ambitions, as well as the scientific and technical support Adams was able to provide in the refining process of Japan’s gold and silver.

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F, Lameijer J. N., ed. A guide to the collision avoidance rules: International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea. 5th ed. Oxford: Newnes, 1996.

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Cockcroft, A. N. A guide to the collision avoidance rules: International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea. 6th ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2004.

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Частини книг з теми "Ship Collision"

Simonsen, Bo, and Niels Ottesen. "Protection of marine structures by artificial islands." In Ship Collision Analysis, 201–15. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203739778-21.

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Talavera Ortiz, Alejandro, Ricardo Aguasca Colomo, and Blas J. Galván González. "Dempster-Shafer Theory Based Ship-Ship Collision Probability Modelling." In Computer Aided Systems Theory - EUROCAST 2013, 63–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-53862-9_9.

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Rudan, S., S. Sviličić, P. Prebeg, and I. Ćatipović. "External dynamics modelling in ship collision analysis." In Advances in the Collision and Grounding of Ships and Offshore Structures, 213–20. London: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003462170-27.

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Tan, Zhirong, Gang Xing, Xing Gao, and Xin Cui. "Turbulent Flow Simulation of Bridge Piers and Navigation Safety of Ships in Curved River Sections with Variable Water Level." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 736–48. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6138-0_64.

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AbstractSome of the bridges across the Yangtze River in the Three Gorges Reservoir area are in the curved section, and the collision prevention of bridges is a hot issue in the current industry. The system of ships sailing across bridges is a complex system in the discipline of transportation engineering. It is affected by ship conditions, channel conditions, meteorology and hydrology, navigation management and human factors. In order to grasp the influence of turbulent flow near the piers of bridges in curved river sections and oblique flow during variable water level periods on ships crossing bridges, it is necessary to carry out numerical simulation analysis. Methods: By establishing a simple physical model of the water area of the bridge pier, the turbulent flow field of the bridge pier was simulated in two dimensions by Fluent software. Then the turbulent flow characteristics of the single pier and the tandem double pier were compared, and the flow velocity on the upstream side of the bridge pier was used as a parameter to carry out numerical simulation. Finally, the flow-induced drift of the ship is quantitatively calculated in combination with the flow velocity. Conclusion: The two-dimensional simulation confirms that the turbulent width of the bridge pier increases with the increase of the flow velocity. The turbulent width of the tandem double pier is larger than that of the single pier, but the vorticity extending downstream is smaller than that of the single pier. The deflection moment and flow-induced drift of the ship crossing the bridge confirm the risk of ship collision. It is necessary to add a multi-function navigation mark to collect water flow parameters in time, and introduce LED visual navigation in the bridge area to improve the reliability of ship navigation in the bridge area of the curved river section.

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Rhee, K. P., and H. J. Lee. "Development of a collision avoidance system considering the navigation plan." In Marine Simulation and Ship Manoeuvrability, 341–48. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203748077-44.

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Zhang, A., S. Hong, and Q. Yu. "A novel approach using ship manoeuvring database for ship trajectory prediction." In Advances in the Collision and Grounding of Ships and Offshore Structures, 153–57. London: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003462170-21.

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Kaplan, P. "Hydrodynamic analysis of a ship collision accident: A triple-play scenario." In Marine Simulation and Ship Manoeuvrability, 497–507. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203748077-58.

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Zhao, J., W. G. Price, P. A. Wilson, and M. Tan. "A statistical study of mariners' behaviour in collision avoidance at sea." In Marine Simulation and Ship Manoeuvrability, 169–75. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203748077-21.

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Roy, Neelima. "Prediction of the Ship Collision Point—A Review." In Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Advanced Computing Applications, 283–97. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5329-5_27.

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Márquez, L., P. Rigo, and H. Le Sourne. "Ship collision events against reinforced concrete offshore structures." In Developments in the Analysis and Design of Marine Structures, 245–53. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003230373-29.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Ship Collision"

Hill, Brian T. "Ship Collision with Iceberg Database." In SNAME 7th International Conference and Exhibition on Performance of Ships and Structures in Ice. SNAME, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2006-117.

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The Iceberg ship collision database, previously available as a text document, has been augmented and enlarged and is now available in Microsoft Access. It now lists some 670 collisions in the northern hemisphere most of which occurred on the Grand Banks. The format and design of the database is briefly described and some results from analyses of the database are presented showing various trends of collisions, scope of damage and environmental factors involved. A probability of collision was derived from the number of cargo ship collisions over the past several years based on an estimate of the number of voyages over the Grand Banks.

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Wang, Y. G., L. M. Yang, F. H. Zhou, G. Y. Chen, Z. I. Lu, and D. I. Zhuang. "Flexible Protection Technology of Bridge Pier against Ship Collision." In IABSE Congress, Nanjing 2022: Bridges and Structures: Connection, Integration and Harmonisation. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/nanjing.2022.1038.

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Bridges across navigation channels are under the threat of accidental ship collisions. Many research works have been conducted to investigate the crashworthy device against ship-bridge pier collisions. However, the existing bridge pier protection facilities, mostly based on absorbing ship kinetic energy, are large structures with high strength, resulting in large collision forces that may cause ship damage. In this paper, flexible anti-collision technology is developed, which protects the bridge pier based on the ship's course guidance principle, hence taking away the huge kinetic energy of the ship in the process of collision. The pier flexible crashworthy device has a compact structure and can greatly reduce the impact force of ships, protecting both the bridge and the ship. The reliability and effectiveness of the technology have been verified through off-shore impact tests.

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Nelis, Sander, Kristjan Tabri, and Pentti Kujala. "Interaction of Ice Force in Ship-Ship Collision." In ASME 2015 34th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2015-41351.

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The maritime transportation system in the Northern Baltic Sea (NBS) is complex and operates under varying environmental conditions. The most challenging conditions relate to the presence of ice-cover, which for the NBS e.g. for the Gulf of Finland or Bay of Bothnia, can remain up to several months. The number of maritime accidents in these two areas is the highest during winter season, which can involve accidents like groundings, collisions, damages due to the ice etc. The paper presents the model to predict the ice interaction in ship-ship collision dynamics. The ice forces are included in the time-domain simulation model and also in a simplified model based on the momentum conservation. The simplified model is proposed for a rapid estimation of increase in deformation energy due to the presence of ice forces. The analysis shows that the ice influence depends strongly on the ship mass, ice thickness and collision speed. The maximum increase in the deformation energy in the studied collision scenarios was up to 19%.

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Pan, Jin, Hao Peng, Jianqiang Gan, Wenzhe Zhang, and Xiaobin Li. "Study on Crashworthiness Performance of an Airbag Anti-Collision Device for Vessel-Bridge Collision." In ASME 2023 42nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2023-103776.

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Abstract Collisions between ships and bridges are a developing common occurrence. The design of suitable bridge anti-ship collision devices is essential to reduce economic losses and casualties in ship-bridge collisions. Existing bridge anti-collision devices mainly rely on the deformation of devices and ships to absorb energy to reduce the collision force on the bridge, the structural damage to the ship is often large. Therefore, in this paper, an airbag-type flexible anti-ship collision device is designed, and the collision prevention performance of the anti-collision is studied and verified using scaled tests and numerical simulations. The anti-collision airbag is capsule in appearance and consists of a layer of polyurethane and two layers of ultra-high polymer polyethylene silk. In this paper, material property tests of airbag component materials were carried out to obtain relevant mechanical property parameters, and LS-DYNA was used to simulate the process of collision. Subsequently, a scaled model test of collision with this kind of airbag was designed, and test data such as collision force histories, acceleration histories, and airbag internal pressure were obtained. The test data were compared with the simulation results. The crash time, peak pressure change in the airbag and the extreme value of the crash force were similar, but there were some differences in the acceleration of the ship. The reasons for those differences were analyzed. Subsequently, the finite element simulation method was used to compare the magnitude of collision time and collision force extremes with or without airbags. The crashworthiness of airbags was investigated. The results of the study can provide ideas for the design of flexible bridge anti-collision devices.

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Wang, Ge, and Preben Terndrup Pedersen. "A Literature Review of Risk Assessment of Ship-FPSO Collisions." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29760.

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This paper reviews the latest research and analyses related to the risk assessment of ship-FPSO collision. The focus is placed on: existing criteria, FPSO collision accident, design scenarios for FPSO collision, mechanics of collision incidents, consequences and acceptance criteria. The research achievements of ships’ collision and grounding since 1990s are introduced. Issues specific to ship-FPSO collisions that deserve further development are addressed. The content of this paper is mainly drawn from the ISSC 2006 Specialist Committee V.1 on Collision and Grounding.

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Chen, Jie, Bin Liu, R. Villavicencio, Jian Ji, and C. Guedes Soares. "Ship Collision Analysis of Double Hull Structures in Various Ship Types." In ASME 2021 40th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2021-61784.

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Abstract This paper elaborates the impact characteristics of double hull structures in various ship types including bulk carrier, container ship, LNG carrier and oil tanker. Their own structural configurations, such as the strengthened topside tank in the container ship, affect the crashworthiness of double hull structures in ship collisions. Two striking bows are modeled so as to evaluate the crashworthiness of the double hull structures. The calculations are performed using LS-DYNA to assess the impact characteristics of four struck ships. The ship collision analysis also discusses the assumption of rigid bow in conventional analysis and its effect on the evaluation of side structural crashworthiness. The numerical force-displacement responses and absorbed energy-displacement curves of various ships are compared. The comparison aims to reveal the discrepancy of the crashworthiness of the four typical double hull structures. It is of importance to analyze their structural characteristics for the design of crashworthy structures.

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Sha, Yanyan, and Jørgen Amdahl. "Ship Collision Analysis of a Floating Bridge in Ferry-Free E39 Project." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-62720.

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The Norwegian Public Roads Administration is running a project ‘Ferry free coastal route E39’ which includes replacing ferry crossings by bridges or tunnels across eight fjords in Western Norway. Since most of the fjords are wide and deep, traditional fixed links are not possible to be constructed. Therefore, floating bridge and tunnel concepts are proposed for the fjord-crossing project. Because floating bridges and tunnels have many structural components close to the water surface, a critical concern of accidental ship collision loads is then raised. Considering the large displacement and high speed of the passing ships, the interactions between the bridge structure and the ship bow can be significant should collision occurs. It is therefore important to carefully evaluate bridge response subjected to ship collision loads in the design process. This paper presents a case study of ship collision analysis of the floating bridge concept for Bjørnafjorden. Two possible collision scenarios, i.e. ship-pontoon and ship-girder collisions, are considered. First, local structural deformation and damage are numerically investigated by detailed finite element models using LS-DYNA. Second, bridge global response under ship collision loads are simulated in USFOS. By combining the local and global analyses, a comprehensive overview of bridge response under ship collision load can be obtained.

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Youssef, Samy A. M., Jeom K. Paik, Yang Seop Kim, Min Soo Kim, and Fai Cheng. "Probabilistic Selection of Ship-Ship Collision Scenarios." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10316.

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Within the framework of quantitative risk assessment and management in the design stage, it is essential to select relevant sets of accidental scenarios, while a huge number of possible scenarios are obvious. The current industry practices are likely based on prescriptive approaches for the most unfavorable accidental scenarios. However, these approaches are often inadequate for obvious reasons because they may result in too large values of design loads in some cases but they may underestimate design loads in other cases. In the present study, an innovative method using probabilistic approaches is suggested to select relevant sets of ship-ship collision accident scenarios which represent all possible ones. Historical database for each of individual collision parameters which is dealt with as a random variable have been collated and are analyzed by statistical methods to characterize the probability density distributions. A sampling technique is then applied to select collision scenarios. Applied examples to a double hull oil tanker are presented to demonstrate the applicability of the developed method.

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Wu, Fuqiang, Frank Puskar, and Pascinthe Saad. "Concrete LNG GBS Terminal Ship Collision Study." In SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2008-076.

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Concrete Gravity Based Structure (GBS) provides an opportunity for the storage of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) and represents one of the key elements of an LNG receiving and regasification terminal. The impact resistance of an offshore LNG GBS against accidental ship collision needs to be evaluated. Nonlinear elasto-plastic Finite Element Analysis (FEA) provides a useful numerical tool to assess the damage and evaluate the overall structural integrity of the GBS following a ship collision. In the work presented, a large capacity tanker was modeled using FEA and simulated to collide into a prototype concrete LNG GBS. An efficient, two-step approach was applied to estimate the damage levels caused by the striking tanker considering different approach speeds. Various benchmark tests were conducted to validate the steel and concrete FEA models to ensure the reliability of the analysis. The simulation shows that certain collisions can cause damage to both the tanker bow and the LNG GBS, depending upon the collision speed and the configuration of the colliding bodies. However, these collisions do not always result in a breach of the LNG containment. The results of this type of assessment can be used to assist in designing the LNG GBS to improve its impact resistance. The results can also be used in risk studies typical of these types of facilities.

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Xu, Lijun, Ling Zhu, Xiangbiao Wang, and Preben Terndrup Pedersen. "Collision Experiments of Ship Models in Water Tank." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-18741.

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Abstract The consequences of ship collision could be very serious, causing lots of human casualties, environmental pollution and huge economic losses. It is essential to study the collision process including two ships in water. In the past, most ship collision tests are based on the study of collision damage of local structures and there are few experiments considering the motion response of ships during the collision process. Actually, the interaction between the fluid and structure does have effects on the collision consequences. In this paper, the collision experiments of ship models are conducted in a water tank, with particular attention on structure in the collision region. Considering the coupling effect of external dynamics and internal mechanics, the dynamic responses of ships during collision are studied. The failure mode and deformation damage characteristics of ship’s side structure in collision region are also assessed. On this basis, the time history of collision forces, the damage extent of the struck structure and the energy absorption are analyzed and then the influence of velocity and ship’s mass on the results are evaluated. It provides valuable test data for validation of numerical simulation and theoretical studies.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Ship Collision"

Sprung, J. L., S. J. Bespalko, C. D. Massey, R. Yoshimura, J. D. Johnson, P. C. Reardon, M. W. Ebert, and Gallagher D.W. Radiological consequences of ship collisions that might occur in U.S. Ports during the shipment of foreign research reactor spent nuclear fuel to the United States in break-bulk freighters. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/285507.

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In-depth survey report: control technology for autobody repair and painting shops at Cincinnati Collision Autobody Shop, Blue Ash, Ohio. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, September 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshectb17916a.

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