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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "SHIFTER DESIGN"

1

Rajeswari, P., P. Sushmitha, E. Divya, and A. Sherin Jensila. "Design and Implementation of Phase Shifter for Wireless Communication." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 1512–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.44088.

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Анотація:
Abstract: Phase shifters are common microwave devices that are widely used to control the phase of a microwave signal in mobile satellite systems, microwave instrumentation and measurement systems, modulators, noise cancellation systems, frequency converters, electronic beam scanning phase arrays, microwave imaging, and many other industrial applications is used for. Phase shifters are passive devices used to perform variable phase changes in the wave propagating through it. Phase shifters require compact size, low cost and low insertion loss in the desired bandwidth. The size of the phase shifters is a crucial parameter, especially in the design of portable microwave devices, due to the space constraints. The significantly higher insertion loss of phase shifters used in a transmitter causes a significant reduction in transmitting power levels, while it causes a severe drop in signal to noise ratio when the phase shifter is a part of the receiver.. Phase shifters are essential components in phased array antennas for wireless and Radio Detection And Ranging (RADAR) applications. Loaded line phase shifter, reflective line phase shifter and switched line phase shifters are the most commonly used. The electrical performance of a phase shifter is specified in terms of insertion loss, phase error, operating bandwidth and power handling capacity.. Emerging wireless systems have transceivers that require compact and cost effective phase shifters. Physical size and weight of phase shifters are the major issues in mobile and the wireless applications. Therefore, miniaturization of phase shifters has become an important objective of radio frequency (RF) designers to provide portability and affordability in wireless/mobile systems. The present research work mainly focuses on planar phase shifter design with linear phase shift. In this a Defected Ground Structures (DGS) is proposed where as ,Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits (MMIC), Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) and fractals have emerged as the possible techniques for miniaturization of RF systems and antennas. However the existence of defected cells on the ground plane may limit the use of DGS based phase shifters. MMIC technology increases the cost and complexity of manufacturing whereas MEMS based phase shifter is prone to limited life and yield. In this thesis, fractal techniques are adapted to design and develop miniaturized phase shifters for wireless applications.
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Kotiyal, Saurabh, and Himanshu Thapliyal. "Design Methodologies for Reversible Logic Based Barrel Shifters." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 25, no. 02 (December 23, 2015): 1650003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126616500031.

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Анотація:
Barrel shifter is an integral component of processor datapaths in computing systems since it can shift and rotate multiple bits in a single cycle. Furthermore, reversible logic has applications in emerging computing paradigms such as quantum computing, quantum dot cellular automata, optical computing, etc. In this work, we propose efficient methodologies for designing reversible barrel shifters. The proposed methodologies are designed using Fredkin gate and Feynman gate (FG). The Fredkin gate is used because it can implement a 2:1 MUX with minimum quantum cost, minimum number of ancilla inputs and garbage outputs, and the Feynman gate is used to avoid a fanout since a fanout is not allowed in reversible logic. In the existing literature, design methodologies are limited to the design of a ([Formula: see text]) reversible left rotator that can only perform the left rotate operation. This work explores the other primary functionalities of a reversible barrel shifter such as the design of a reversible: (i) logical right shifter, (ii) universal right shifter that supports logical right shifter, arithmetic right shifter and right rotate operation, (iii) bidirectional logical shifter and (iv) universal bidirectional shifter that supports bidirectional logical and arithmetic shifter and rotate operations. The other types of reversible barrel shifters can also be easily designed by making minor modifications in the proposed methodologies. The proposed design methodologies are generic in nature and can be implemented using any barrel shifter of ([Formula: see text]) size, where n and k are the number of data bits and shift value, respectively. In order to minimize the number of ancilla inputs and garbage outputs, strategies such as the implementation of an n number of 2:1 MUXes as a chain of n Fredkin gates and the mapping of the two different 2:1 MUXes that are controlled by a common control signal but having the swapped controlled signals on a single Fredkin gate, are utilized. The design methodologies are evaluated in terms of the number of garbage outputs, the number of ancilla inputs and quantum cost. For a ([Formula: see text]) reversible barrel shifter, the relations between the varying values of n and k and their impact on the number of garbage outputs, the number of ancilla inputs and quantum cost are also established to help the designers in choosing an efficient barrel shifter according to their design needs.
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3

Alqaisei, Mohammed A., Abdel-Fattah A. Sheta, Ibrahim Elshafiey, and Majid Altamimi. "Design of Hybrid Beamforming System Based on Practical Circuit Parameter of 6-Bit Millimeter-Wave Phase Shifters." Micromachines 14, no. 4 (April 19, 2023): 875. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14040875.

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Анотація:
This paper addresses the design of a hybrid beamforming system considering the circuit parameter of six-bit millimeter-wave phase shifters based on the process design kit. The phase shifter design adopts 45 nm CMOS silicon on insulator (SOI) technology at 28-GHz. Various circuit topologies are utilized, and in particular, a design is presented based on switched LC components, connected in a cascode manner. The phase shifter configuration is connected in a cascading manner to get the 6-bit phase controls. Six different phase shifters are obtained, which are 180°, 90°, 45°, 22.5°, 11.25°, and 5.6°, with a minimum number of LC components. The circuit parameters of the designed phase shifters are then incorporated in a simulation model of hybrid beamforming for a multiuser MIMO system. The number of OFDM data symbols used in the simulation is ten for eight users, 16 QAM modulation schemes, −25 dB SNR, 120 simulation runs, and around 170 h runtime. Simulation results are obtained considering four and eight users, assuming accurate technology-based models of RFIC components of the phase shifter as well as ideal phase shifter parameters. The results indicate that the performance of the multiuser MIMO system is affected by the accuracy level of the phase shifter RF component models. The outcomes also reveal the performance tradeoff based on user data streams and the number of BS antennas. By optimizing the amount of parallel data streams per user, higher data transmission rates are achieved, while maintaining acceptable error vector magnitude (EVM) values. In addition, stochastic analysis is conducted to investigate the distribution of the RMS EVM. The outcomes show that the best fitting of RMS EVM distribution of the actual and ideal phase shifters agreed with the log-logistic and logistic distributions, respectively. The obtained (mean, variance) values of the actual phase shifters based on accurate library models are (46.997, 481.36), and for ideal components the values are (36.47, 10.44).
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Tong, Weiyu, Yanxian Wei, Hailong Zhou, Jianji Dong, and Xinliang Zhang. "The Design of a Low-Loss, Fast-Response, Metal Thermo-Optic Phase Shifter Based on Coupled-Mode Theory." Photonics 9, no. 7 (June 25, 2022): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9070447.

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Анотація:
A thermo-optic phase shifter is of great importance in silicon photonics. However, it is difficult to simultaneously achieve a good performance in insertion loss and in response speed by using traditional thermal tuning through a metallic heater. In this paper, based on coupled-mode theory, we propose a method to place high-loss materials close to the optical waveguide while maintaining the low loss of the optical device, which ensures the low insertion loss (~0.78 dB) of the phase shifter. Additionally, thanks to the very short distance between the rib waveguide and the chromium (Cr) heater, the phase shifter exhibits a high response speed (1.15 μs in rise time and 2.18 μs in decay time) with a measured bandwidth (BW) of 186 kHz. Moreover, we further optimize the structure of phase shifters, leading to the reduction of π-shift power consumption from 25.1 mW to 13.6 mW. Our proposed phase shifters have great potential in large-scale silicon photonic integrated circuits.
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5

Aggarwal, Meenakshi, and B. S. Matheru. "Virtual Prototyping and Development of Rotary Field Ferrite Phase Shifter." Defence Science Journal 66, no. 2 (March 23, 2016): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.66.9309.

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Анотація:
<p>Review of the virtual prototyping and physical development of the rotary field ferrite phase shifter is presented. A description of the basic principle of operation of the rotary field ferrite phase shifter has been given along with the key aspects about the design and virtual prototyping of various parts of the phase shifter viz ferrite rod, yoke, polarisers and matching section using HFSS and 3-D Maxwell softwares. Calibrated simulation performance of the phase shifters is presented and it shows good agreement with physical measurement results. Three prototypes and one hundred production capable phase shifter modules were fabricated, functionally tested and RF characterised. This is an indigenous development of the physical prototypes of rotary field class of ferrite phase shifters of C-band. This class of ferrite phase shifters finds application in phased array radars, such as battery level radar and weapon locating radar, because of its high phase accuracy and high power handling capability.</p><p> </p>
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6

VS, Nandish, and Dr Uma B V. "Design of GPIO Transmitter." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 8 (August 31, 2023): 1957–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.55455.

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Анотація:
Abstract: This paper presents a comprehensive design approach for a versatile 1.8V GPIO transmitter tailored for a 5pf load capacitance. The work introduces a novel design that accommodates 1.8V IO supply, enhancing the flexibility and compatibility of the GPIO transmitter. The GPIO consists of a level shifter and a driver. A level up shifter is used along with a driver capable of driving the signals without any data loss. The work embarks on the objective of designing a robust GPIO transmitter by utilizing a combination of level shifting and driver circuitry. The methodology encompasses meticulous simulation-driven design, encompassing a 45nm technology node and the Cadence Virtuoso platform. The design incorporates a level shifter that elevates input data from a core domain operating at 0.8V to IO levels of 1.8V , ensuring seamless communication across various voltage domains. The driver circuit, implemented with progressive sizing, effectively drives the substantial load capacitance of 5pF, maintaining the integrity of input data. Through detailed analysis, the architecture ensures compliance with the demanding specifications of Intel Max 10 FPGA. Simulation results exhibit the efficacy of the proposed design. The level shifter successfully transforms an incoming 0.8V data signal to 1.79V , aligning with the 1.8V IO requirements. The driver also drives the same signal out with a load of 5pf. The level shifter and driver is combined to check for the working of transmitter, with input at 0.8V and the signal is obtained at the expected voltage level at the output of driver
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7

Grattoni, V., J. E. Baader, and S. Casalbuoni. "Superconducting Phase shifter design for the afterburner at the European XFEL." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2380, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2380/1/012008.

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Анотація:
Abstract At the European XFEL, we are designing a superconducting afterburner for the SASE2 hard X-ray beamline. It will consist of a series of five undulator modules plus a pre-series one called S-PRESSO. One module corresponds to two superconducting undulator (SCU) coils of 2m length plus one phase shifter. Such an afterburner will enable photon energies above 30 keV. We foresee to install superconducting (SC) phase shifters in each undulator module to keep the correct phase delay between the electron beam and photon beam. In this contribution, we present the required SC phase shifter parameters to enable operation in the electron beam energy range 11.5-17.5 GeV. We also analyze different magnetic designs satisfying the calculated specifications.
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8

Hu, Wei, Di Jiang, Weiyi Zhang, Yuxin Liu, Kai Zhu, and Tiedi Zhang. "Design of a W-Band Dielectric Phase Shifter Based on Liquid Crystal." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2022 (November 15, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6486628.

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Анотація:
In this paper, a W band (75–110 GHz) phase shifter based on the liquid crystal of continuous tunability and the three-electrode bias network of excellent electrical manipulation is designed. Taking Rexolite 1422 as the transmission dielectric, in which slots are dug and filled with liquid crystal. The voltage is regulated by the electrode bias network, and then the liquid crystal dielectric constant is changed to realize phase shift. The measured results show that the phase shift of the liquid crystal dielectric phase shifter can be up to 440° through the electrical control of the bias electrode network, which surpasses many designed phase shifters. In the whole W band, the insert loss is about 3 dB and the return loss is almost over 10 dB, emerging excellent matching.
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9

Amy, SW, and MI Large. "A Simple Microstrip Phase Shifter." Australian Journal of Physics 45, no. 1 (1992): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ph920105.

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Анотація:
A novel, inexpensive, series-connected loaded-line (SCOLL) phase shifter has been developed for the Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope. The phase shifter, which operates at 0�843 GHz, consists of a ",3&gt;'/8 length of microstrip with series connected varactors at each end. Although designed as a binary phase shifter, the insertion phase varies almost linearly with varactor reactance, with very little gain variation for phase ranges up to 90�. Thus, driven by a digital-to-analogue (D/ A) converter, a SCOLL becomes a programmable phase shifter of any desired resolution. The same technique would be suitable for narrow-band low power applications in the frequency range 0�1 to 10 GHz. This paper gives the basic theory of SCOLL phase shifters, a design chart, construction details and performance data.
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Popela, Miroslav, Jaroslav Láčík, and Libor Dražan. "Waveguide power phase shifter with a ferrite circulator in S-band." Journal of Electrical Engineering 73, no. 3 (June 1, 2022): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jee-2022-0029.

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Анотація:
Abstract This paper presents the application of a phase shifter with a ferrite Y-circulator in band S. Global literature addresses primarily the basic types of power waveguide phase shifters, however, there has been minimal literature on a phase shifter that uses a ferrite circulator for phase shifting. The paper describes theoretical and practical results where a ferrite circulator is used to shift the phase. A power phase shifter utilizing a ferrite circulator could be used in power applications where high demands are placed on the phase shift accuracy with minimal power losses. The phase shift is handled by a tunable waveguide short circuit that is connected to the port 2 of the ferrite circulator. By changing the waveguide length, the phase is changed. The measured results are compared with theoretical calculations and evaluated. The proposed phase shifter utilizing the ferrite circulator has its advantages in its simple design, in the accuracy of the phase adjustment and in the speed of the tuning. Another great advantage is its quite low cost due to its simple design.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "SHIFTER DESIGN"

1

SELVARAJ, JAYAPRAKASH. "Phase shifter design & Research study and verification of wideband phase shifter circuits." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-105074.

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Анотація:
Radio Frequency waves are widely used for the purpose of radio communication. Active research in Radio Frequency technology has led to the use of RF waves in variety of application other than radio communication. Phase shifters are a major functional block in RF transmission circuits. In radio communication, phase shifters are used for electronic beam steering of the transmitted RF waves. Due to the increase in RF application area, there is a demand for phase shifters which have high performance with very less cost and also very less power consumption. This thesis work focuses on designing phase shifters for different ISM frequency bands. This thesis work has been divided into two sections. The first section focuses on building a discrete phase shifter circuit which has very high performance with less cost and less power consumption. This circuit can perform phase shifting function on RF waves with low power. This phase shifter circuit was built with four phase shifter sections and each of the section can be controlled individually by digital control bits. The phase shifter was designed to have a bandwidth of operation of 200MHz with a center frequency at 900MHz. Designed phase shifter achieved an minimum RMS phase error of 2.5 0 with a insertion loss variation throughout the bandwidth within 1.038dB. The second section of the thesis focuses on research study and verification of wide band phase shifter circuits. The aim of the research study was to find a suitable integrated circuit to cover a wide range of ISM bands (300MHz to 3GHz). Totally 22 research papers were compared and analyzed, out of which one circuit was chosen for this purpose. This circuit was verified by building system level circuit and thus critical design parameters were determined.
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2

Ercil, Erdinc. "X Band 7 Bit Mmic Phase Shifter Design." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12607621/index.pdf.

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Анотація:
Modern phased array radars require large numbers of electronically controlled phase shifters to steer their beams to the desired direction. The amount of beam steering error depends on the phase resolution of the phase shifters as well as the performance of other parts of the antenna system. The size of the phase shifter in such systems is most of the time needed to be small, which necessitates the MMIC implementation. In the context of this thesis, an X band 7 bit MMIC phase shifter of 2.8125 degree phase resolution, including its layout, is designed using the design kit of OMMIC®
Foundry. All bits of the phase shifter are designed to have low return loss so as to minimize the performance egradation due to loading effects upon cascading. Also some structures studied using the design kit of WIN®
Foundry are presented. Both designs were performed using ADS®
. For the optimum cascading of 7 bits, a MATLAB code was written and used.
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3

Hilding, Amanda. "Evaluation and Consequences Analysis of a Manual Shifter with Modular Design." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för maskinteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-5202.

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Анотація:
Subcontractors in the automotive industry, have a lot of pressure to bring down costs and to deliver products that are effective, optimized and qualitative. The main purpose of this study is to guide and conduct the first step in the project Standard Building Blocks with modular design, within the business area, manual shifter. The project is directly presented by Kongsberg Automotive, a well-known subcontractor of the automotive industry. The aim of the project is to develop a standard manual shifter with modular design containing standard building blocks. Five different components have been selected in the manual shifter for this study. In each component, there are several concepts on how to design that specific component. The target of the study is to evaluate and analyze the concepts and based on the results decide which of the concepts to be standard building blocks. The study identifies, evaluates and analyses the consequences of the project Standard Building Blocks for the chosen concepts. The results from the study show that some concepts have a greater tendency to form standard building blocks when compared to others. In the study it was proven that non-measurable values have the same significance as the measured values. The results also show that the most suitable concepts depends on the customers’ specifications. The consequence analysis presented many consequences of what an implementation of standard building blocks may imply, from the advantages to possible risk elements. Through the consequence analysis the studied company can become more prepared for the future.
Underleverantörerna inom fordonsindustrin har en stor press när det kommer till hålla nere kostnader och att leverera effektiva, optimerade och kvalitativa produkter. Huvudsyftet med studien är att guida och genomföra det första steget i projektet Standard Building Blocks med modulär design, inom affärsområdet, manuella växelreglage. Projektet är direkt framtaget av Kongsberg Automotive, en välkänd underleverantör inom fordonsindustrin. Målet med projektet är att utveckla en standard manuell växelreglage med modulär design innehållande standard building blocks. Fem olika komponenter har valts ut i den manuell växelreglaget för studien. För varje komponent finns det flera koncept hur den specifika komponenten kan designas. Målet med studien är att utvärdera och analysera koncepten och utifrån resultatet avgöra vilka av koncepten som kan bilda standard building blocks. Studien identifierar, utvärderar och analyserar konsekvenser av projektet Standard Building Blocks för de valda koncepten. Resultatet från studien visade att vissa koncept har en större tendens att bilda standard building blocks än andra. I studien blev det bevisat att icke-mätbara värden har lika stor betydelse som uppmätta värdena. Resultatet visade också att de mest lämpade koncepten beror på kundens specifikationer. Konsekvensen analysen presenter många konsekvenser av vad en implementation av standard building blocks kan innebära, från fördelar till eventuella riskfaktorer. Genom konsekvensanalysen kan det studerade företaget bli mer förberedda för framtiden.
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4

Aboofazeli, Ali Reza. "Design of a Multiband Microstrip Differential Phase Shifter for Wireless Systems." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35497.

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Анотація:
This thesis investigated the design of a compact multiband differential reflective phase shifter based on slot-coupled coupler layout. Such phase shifter configuration is formed of a hybrid coupler with the coupled and transmission ports ended with elliptically shaped microstrip loads. By optimizing the ending ports of the coupler, we achieved a 1.2-6.0 GHz differential phase from - 90o to + 90o, a frequency range that covers most commercial, satellite and personal mobile communication bands. Furthermore, we can obtain different phase ranges by terminating the coupler with suitable reactance loads. Indeed, the simulations showed that the proposed design can achieve ± 30o, ± 45o, and ± 90o differential phase shifts with deviation less than 3o, as well as return loss and insertion loss better than 10 dB and 1 dB, respectively. The total size of the designed phase shifter is 25 x 60 mm2. Measurements results agreed well with the simulations, thus demonstrating the proposed design approach.
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5

Stampfer, Marcel. "Magnetic and mechanical design calculations of a 4-5 Tesla superconducting wavelength shifter /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1995. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=11010.

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6

Johnson-Eusebio, Alejandro. "60 GHz 4-Bit Phase Shifter Design with VO2 Switches." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1524207662285961.

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7

Pamuk, Gokhan. "Design And Realization Of Broadband Instantaneous Frequency Discriminator." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12612044/index.pdf.

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Анотація:
In this thesis, RF sections of a multi tier instantaneous frequency measurement (IFM) receiver which can operate in 2 &ndash
18 GHz frequency band is designed, simulated and partially realized. The designed structure uses one coarse tier, three medium tiers and one fine tier for frequency discrimination. A novel reflective phase shifting technique is developed which enables the design of very wideband phase shifters using stepped cascaded transmission lines. Compared to the classical phase shifters using coupled transmission lines, the new approach came out to be much easier to design and fabricate with much better responses. This phase shifting technique is used in coarse and medium tiers. In fine frequency measurement tier, I/Q discriminator approach is used because reflective phase shifters would necessitate unacceptably long delay lines. Two I/Q discriminators are designed and fabricated using Lange directional couplers that operate in 2-6 GHz and 6-18 GHz, resulting in satisfactory response. Additionally, 6 GHz HP and 6 GHz LP distributed filters are designed and fabricated to be used for these I/Q discriminators in fine tier. In order to eliminate possible ambiguities in coarse tier, a distributed element LP-HP diplexer with 10 GHz crossover frequency is designed and fabricated successfully to be used for splitting the frequency spectrum into 2-10 GHz and 10-18 GHz to ease the design and realization problems. Three power dividers operating in the ranges 2-18 GHz, 2-6 GHz and 6-18 GHz are designed for splitting incoming signals into different branches. All of these dividers are also fabricated with satisfactory response. The fabricated components are all compact and highly reproducible. The designed IFM can tolerate 48 degrees phase margin for resolving ambiguity in the tiers while special precautions are taken in fine tier to help ambiguity resolving process also. The resulting IFM provides a frequency resolution below 1 MHz in case of using an 8-bit sampler with a frequency accuracy of 0.28 MHz rms for 0 dB input SNR and 20 MHz video bandwidth.
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8

Mansouri, Ahmad, and David Norman. "Strategy Development of Structural Optimization in Design Processes." Thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-17418.

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Анотація:

This thesis aims toward developing strategies in the area of structural optimization and to implement these strategies in design processes. At

 

GM Powertrain Sweden where powertrains are designed and developed, two designs of a differential housing have been chosen for this thesis. The main tasks have been to perform a topology optimization of a model early in a design process, and a shape optimization on a model late in a design process. In addition the shape optimization strategies have also been applied on a fork shifter. This thesis covers the theory of different optimization strategies in general. The optimization processes are explained in detail and the results from the structural optimization of the differential housings as well as the fork shifter are shown and evaluated. The evaluation of the thesis provides enough arguments to suggest an implementation of the optimization strategies in design processes at GM Powertrain

. A Structural Optimization group has great potential of closing the gap between structural designers and structural analysis engineers which in long terms mean that better structures can be developed in less time. To be competitive in the automotive industry these are two of the most important factors for being successful.

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9

Alvarez, Cabrera Tanya. "SBW Feedback : Design of feedback system for increased usability in monostable SBW shifters." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-62445.

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Electromechanical shift-by-wire car transmission systems make way for new innovative shifter designs such as monostable shifters that spring back to a starting position after a gear has been chosen. Unfortunately the radical change in the communication between the user and shifter has resulted in accidents due to incorrect gear selection. The inadequate usability of the monostable shifters can be attributed to the feedback it provided to users.   The aim of the thesis project was to develop a feedback concept that would improve the usability of a monostable shifter and to study if auditory feedback could be introduced to vehicle systems. By implementing design theory, benchmarking and various creativity methods five concepts with feedbacks in different modalities were developed. The concepts were evaluated in a usability study that involved 25 test participants. A review of the observations from the usability study along with an analysis of the interviews and collected data resulted in the final VRA concept. VRA was a multimodal concept with permanent visual feedback and optional auditory feedback. The shifting pattern was shown on the instrument cluster where the active gear was highlighted through light intensity, color and shape contrasts. The solid blue block, within which the abbreviation for the active gear was displayed, could be seen in the peripheral view. It was perceived as calm and helped the users navigate the shifter. A female machine voice that had a Swedish pronunciation was chosen as the auditory feedback to accompany the “P”, “R” and “D” gear selections. None of the users were indifferent towards the auditory feedback, some perceived it as caring while others found it annoying. Since the analysis did not indicate that auditory feedback was crucial, the VRA concept included an option to turn on or off the sound.   Monostable shifters behave differently compared to traditional polystable shifters, therefore with the changes in the physical movement the communication must also be reviewed. It is recommended to include the shifting pattern on the instrument cluster together with monostable shifters, as it makes up for the loss of the visual and haptic information from the physical shifter. Although the usability study showed that auditory feedback was not necessary, improvements were observed among people who favored it. The auditory information would most likely be better received if earcons were implemented instead of speech.
Elektromekaniska shift-by-wire växlingssystem tillåter nya innovativa designlösningar så som monostabila växelväljare som fjädrar tillbaka till en ursprungsposition efter varje växelval. Dessvärre har den drastiska förändringen i kommunikationen mellan användarna och systemet resulterat i missförstånd och olyckor till följd av fel växelval. Den bristfälliga användbarheten av monostabila växelväljare kan härledas till feedbacken mellan förarens handling och resultat.   Syftet med examensarbetet var att utveckla feedbackkoncept som förbättrade användbarheten av en monostabil växelväljare samt att studera om auditiv feedback kunde introduceras i förarsystem. Genom att implementera kunskaperna inom designteori, observationer från benchmarking samt diverse kreativa metoder kunde fem olika koncept presenteras. Koncepten utvärderades i en användbarhetsstudie med 25 testdeltagare.  En genomgång av observationerna från användbarhetsstudien, intervjusvaren samt dataanalysen resulterade i det slutgiltiga konceptet VRA. VRA var ett multimodalt koncept som innehöll permanent visuell feedback samt valbar auditiv feedback. Växlingsschemat visades på instrumentpanelen där den aktiva växeln markerades med hjälp av kontraster i ljusintensitet, färg och form. Förkortningarna på aktiva växel visades inuti en solid blå rektangel som var synlig i periferin. Färgen uppfattades som lugn och den starka kontrasten hjälpte personerna att navigera växelväljaren. Den auditiva feedbacken var i form av en kvinnlig maskinröst med svenskt uttal som kompletterade ”P”, ”R” och ”D” växellägena. Inga testpersoner var likgiltiga till auditiv information, vissa beskrev den som omtänksam medan andra ansåg att den var irriterande. Eftersom analysen indikerade att auditiv feedback inte var kritisk var den auditiva feedbacken valbar i VRA.   Monostabila växelväljare skiljer sig drastiskt från polystabila, därför bör kommunikationen mellan systemet och människan ses över i och med de fysiska förändringarna. Växlingsschemat bör inkluderas i instrumentpanelen i samband med att monostabila växelväljare används. Det kan nämligen kompensera bristen på den visuella och haptiska feedbacken från den fysiska väljaren.  Trots att analysen visade på att auditiv feedbak inte var nödvändig kunde förbättringar observeras bland personer som tyckte om det. Den auditiva informationen skulle mest troligt få ett bättre bemötande om earcons användes istället för tal.
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Parthasarathy, Krupa. "Aging Analysis and Aging-Resistant Design for Low-Power Circuits." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1415615574.

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Книги з теми "SHIFTER DESIGN"

1

Yarman, Binboga Siddik. Design of Digital Phase Shifters for Multipurpose Communication Systems. 2nd ed. New York: River Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003337867.

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Gollmann, Dieter. Kaskadenschaltungen taktgesteuerter Schieberegister als Pseudozufallszahlengeneratoren. Wien: VWGÖ, 1986.

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3

Multiple-shift schooling: Design and operation for cost-effectiveness. London: Commonwealth Secretariat, 1989.

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1952-, Bray Mark, ed. Double-shift schooling: Design and operation for cost-effectiveness. 2nd ed. London: Commonwealth Secretariat, 2000.

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Double-shift schooling: Design and operation for cost-effectiveness. 3rd ed. London: Commonwealth Secretariat, 2008.

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6

International, Conference on Systems Research Informatics and Cybernetics. Advances in applied systems research.: Evolutionary shift in the design paradigm ... Windsor, ON: International Institute for Advanced Studies in Systems Research and Cybernetics, 2004.

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7

R, Romanofsky R., Miranda F. A, and Lewis Research Center, eds. Several microstrip-based conductor/thin film ferroelectric phase shifter designs using (YBa₂CU₃O₇₋₈,Au)/SrTiO₃/LaA1O₃ structures. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, 1998.

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R, Romanofsky R., Miranda F. A, and Lewis Research Center, eds. Several microstrip-based conductor/thin film ferroelectric phase shifter designs using (YBa₂CU₃O₇₋₈,Au)/SrTiO₃/LaA1O₃ structures. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, 1998.

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R, Romanofsky R., Miranda F. A, and Lewis Research Center, eds. Several microstrip-based conductor/thin film ferroelectric phase shifter designs using (YBa₂CU₃O₇₋₈,Au)/SrTiO₃/LaA1O₃ structures. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, 1998.

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10

Geisker, Mareike. Shift: Everything's changed. Nothing is different : M. A. Communication Design Thesis 2003. London: Central Saint Martins College of Art & Design, 2003.

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Частини книг з теми "SHIFTER DESIGN"

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Duarte, Ricardo O., M. Nicolaidis, H. Bederr, and Y. Zorian. "Efficient Totally Self-Checking Shifter Design." In On-Line Testing for VLSI, 29–39. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6069-9_3.

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Yarman, Binboga Siddik. "Transmission Lines as Phase Shifter." In Design of Digital Phase Shifters for Multipurpose Communication Systems, 63–99. New York: River Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003337850-3.

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Yarman, Binboga Siddik. "Transmission Lines as Phase Shifter." In Design of Digital Phase Shifters for Multipurpose Communication Systems, 89–125. 2nd ed. New York: River Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003337867-4.

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Yarman, Binboga Siddik. "360° T-Section Digital Phase Shifter." In Design of Digital Phase Shifters for Multipurpose Communication Systems, 509–37. 2nd ed. New York: River Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003337867-11.

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Yarman, Binboga Siddik. "360° PI-Section Digital Phase Shifter." In Design of Digital Phase Shifters for Multipurpose Communication Systems, 539–68. 2nd ed. New York: River Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003337867-12.

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Yarman, Binboga Siddik. "360° T-Section Digital Phase Shifter." In Design of Digital Phase Shifters for Multipurpose Communication Systems, 435–62. New York: River Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003337850-10.

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Yarman, Binboga Siddik. "360° PI-Section Digital Phase Shifter." In Design of Digital Phase Shifters for Multipurpose Communication Systems, 463–92. New York: River Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003337850-11.

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Anantharaman, K., and A. V. M. Manikandan. "Adiabatic Techniques for Energy-Efficient Barrel Shifter Design." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 27–36. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7251-2_4.

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Garg, Rajesh, and Sunil P. Khatri. "Process Variation Tolerant Single-supply True Voltage Level Shifter." In Analysis and Design of Resilient VLSI Circuits, 173–88. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0931-2_10.

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Yarman, Binboga Siddik. "180° High-pass-Based PI-Section Digital Phase Shifter." In Design of Digital Phase Shifters for Multipurpose Communication Systems, 569–92. 2nd ed. New York: River Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003337867-13.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "SHIFTER DESIGN"

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Gupta, Hari Shanker, Shweta Kirkire, Sunil Bhati, Ravi Shankar Chaurasia, Sanjeev Mehta, Arup Roy Choudhary, Dipen Patel, and Jaymin Vaghela. "Bipolar voltage level shifter." In 2015 19th International Symposium on VLSI Design and Test (VDAT). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isvdat.2015.7208055.

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Mack, Chris A. "Simple method for rim shifter design: the biased self-aligned rim shifter." In Photomask Technology, edited by Scott Landstrom and Richard LaFrance. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.142144.

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Ebrahimi, Elnaz, Rafael Trapani Possignolo, and Jose Renau. "Level shifter design for voltage stacking." In 2017 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2017.8050831.

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Garg, Rajesh, Gagandeep Mallarapu, and Sunil P. Khatri. "A Single-supply True Voltage Level Shifter." In 2008 Design, Automation and Test in Europe. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/date.2008.4484808.

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Terebov, Ilya A., and Denis A. Letavin. "Phase Shifter Designs Based on Miniature Couplers." In 2020 IEEE East-West Design & Test Symposium (EWDTS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ewdts50664.2020.9224665.

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Wen-Ming Zheng, Chi-Seng Lam, Sai-Weng Sin, Yan Lu, Man-Chung Wong, Seng-Pan U, and R. P. Martins. "Capacitive floating level shifter: Modeling and design." In TENCON 2015 - 2015 IEEE Region 10 Conference. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tencon.2015.7373013.

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Basak, Subhasish, Ananjan Basu, and Shiban K. Koul. "Improved techniques for variable phase shifter design." In 2015 Global Conference on Communication Technologies (GCCT). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gcct.2015.7342689.

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Zhou, Jing-ke, Qing-Xin Chu, and Ji-Song Yang. "Design of A Novel Variable Phase Shifter." In 2007 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference - (APMC 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apmc.2007.4554755.

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Wang, Harming, Liang Zheng, Huibin Qin, and Zhihua Ying. "The design of ferrite film phase shifter." In 2011 IEEE 4th International Symposium on Microwave, Antenna, Propagation, and EMC Technologies for Wireless Communications (MAPE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mape.2011.6156232.

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Goswami, Mrinal, Aron Narzary, Govind Raj, and Bibhash Sen. "Design of reversible bidirectional logarithmic barrel shifter." In 2017 7th International Symposium on Embedded Computing and System Design (ISED). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ised.2017.8303921.

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Звіти організацій з теми "SHIFTER DESIGN"

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Rosignoli, D., and J. Rose. Design and test of a phase shifter utilizing phase loop lock (PLL). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1118897.

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Sawatzky, Richard, TT Sajobi, L. Russell, OA Awosoga, A. Ademola, JR Böhnke, O. Lawal, et al. A synthesis of response shift effects in quantitative health research: A systematic review and meta-regression protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.9.0033.

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Review question / Objective: The first aim is to descriptively synthesize evidence about response shift results including prevalence and, where possible, distributions of response shift effect sizes, for different subcategories of response shift methods, populations, study designs, and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). The second aim is to identify response shift methods, population characteristics, design characteristics and PROMs that explain variability in: (a) standardized mean differences (for then-test and latent variable methods) and (b) prevalence of response shifts. Condition being studied: The systematic review included all studies on response shifts in PROMs, irrespective of the condition being studied. The type of health condition that each individual study focused on (if applicable), was extracted as a study-level variable.
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Lovelace, III, Henry, K. Dietrick, A. Drees, B. Gamage, C. Liu, Y. Luo, G. Marr, et al. Radial Shift Lattice Design using BMAD toolkit. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1716785.

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Adão, Rodrigo, Michal Kolesár, and Eduardo Morales. Shift-Share Designs: Theory and Inference. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24944.

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Borusyak, Kirill, Peter Hull, and Xavier Jaravel. Quasi-Experimental Shift-Share Research Designs. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24997.

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Bunn, Sarah, and Lev Tankelevitch. Shift Work, Sleep and Health. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, September 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.58248/pn586.

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A POSTnote that describes how working outside of daytime hours – shift work – affects physical and mental health and performance through its impact on sleep and circadian timing. It highlights the latest research, explains the implications for policy and how research can inform the design of interventions to improve shift workers' sleep and overall health.
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Dominguez, Ximena, Elizabeth Rood, Danae Kamdar, Tiffany Leones, and Kayla Huynh. Splash and Bubbles for Parents App: Field Study Report. Digital Promise, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/119.

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This report prepared for The Jim Henson Company shares findings of a field study examining the promise of the Splash and Bubbles for Parents app, a second-screen digital resource designed for parents and caregivers to support young children’s learning of ocean science. The study conducted in 2020 involved a two-group, quasi-experimental design in which family participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention condition (who watched the show and used the app) or the comparison condition (who watched the show but did not have access to the app). Findings from this study provided information about how the app supported families to talk about science together; what science concepts and practices children learned through engaging with the app and related science activities; and how families shifted their attitudes, beliefs, or practices around science and media. Another finding highlighted parents and caregivers’ need for support around ways to engage with and use the app given that this represents a new type of digital tool.
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Zacamy, Jenna, and Jeremy Roschelle. Navigating the Tensions: How Could Equity-relevant Research Also Be Agile, Open, and Scalable? Digital Promise, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/159.

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Digital learning platforms are beginning to become open to research. Specifically, in our work in SEERNet, developers are extending five platforms, each used in either K-12 or higher education by more than 100,000 users, to enable third-party researchers to explore, develop, and test improvements. SEERNet seeks to enable equity-relevant research aligned with the IES Standards for Excellence in Education Research (SEER) principles. It also seeks to support research that is more agile (or rapid), is more open, and scales from research to impacts on practice. We review the emerging tensions among the goal of equity-relevant research and desires for agile, open, and scalable research. We argue that designing and developing technical capabilities for agile, open, and scalable research will not be enough. Based on a series of interviews we conducted with experts in social sciences and equity-focused research, we argue that researchers will have to rethink how they plan and undertake their research. Five shifts could help. First, researchers could deliberately reframe their designs away from a comprehensive, monolithic study to smaller, agile cycles that test a smaller conjecture each time. Second, researchers could shift from designing new educational resources to determining how well-used resources could be elaborated and refined to address equity issues. Third, researchers could utilize variables that capture student experiences to investigate equity when they cannot obtain student demographic variables. Fourth, researchers could work in partnership with educators on equity problems that educators prioritize and want help in solving. Fifth, researchers could acknowledge that achieving equity is not only a technological or resource-design problem, but requires working at the classroom and systems levels too. In SEERNet, we look forward to working with the research community to find ways to address equity through research using well-used digital learning platforms, and to simultaneously conduct research that is more agile, more open, and more directly applicable at scale.
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Verdam, Mathilde, Jae-Yung Kwon, Lara Russel, Véronique Sébille, Mirjam Sprangers, and Rick Sawatzky. The impact of response shift on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs): A systematic review protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.2.0024.

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Review question / Objective: Are the serum levels of estrogens (estrone, estradiol, estriol), gonadotropins (FSH, LH), or other hormones altered after intravaginal application of estriol for the treatment of genitourinary syndrome of menopause? Condition being studied: The aim of this review is to study whether the vaginal application of estriol has any effects on the serum levels of different sex hormones, mainly estriol, estradiol, and FSH, as those have been previously used as proxies for the safety of similar estrogenic products. Study designs to be included: Included: RCTs, controlled studies, head-to-head comparisons, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, quasi-experimental studies (intervention/no control).
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Boyd, David A. Uniform-large Area BaSrTiO3 Growth and Novel Material Designs to Enable Fabrication of High Quality, Affordable, and Performance Consistent Phase Shifters for OTM Phased Array Antennas. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada571207.

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