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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Rocks Analysis"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 21 лютого 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Rocks Analysis"

Zarraq, Ghazi. "Slope Stability Analysis of the Southwestern Limb of Kosret Anticline in Dokan, Northeastern Iraq." Iraqi Geological Journal 54, no. 2A (July 31, 2021): 34–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.54.2a.3ms-2021-07-24.

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The stability of the rock slopes was studied on the southwestern limb of the Kosret Anticline in the Dokan Area in northeastern Iraq to analyze and indicate the danger of rock mass failures along the public street linking Dokan and Quesangaq, Erbil and the road which link between the city and the residential neighborhood of Dokan Lake, as well as the revealing and the analysis of the risk of landslides in the slopes and rocks detectors of exposed rocks of the formations in the study area. The stereographic projection was used in the analysis and classification of the rock slopes. This study has shown that the failures of rocks are fall and day lighting bedding plane. The factors that affect the stability of the slopes were assessed. This research mainly focuses on identifying the types of collapses along the rocky slopes and the factor that affects the instability of the studied slopes. It was found that it is the direction slopes and the interruption geometry. Different treatment methods have been proposed for the studied rock base on the rock slope analysis. The expected failure types that may occur along the road are plane sliding, rock fall, toppling, and probably the failure type in the future may be planner sliding due to the angle of the friction comes to zero degree. The rocky slopes along the road require constant monitoring due to their hazardous conditions. Where it was found that the attitude of the joints and their frequency with the relation between the attitude of the slopes and the rock beds played an important role in the failures, as well as the weak rocks of the Marl layers of the Shiranish, Kometan and Tanjero formations play a key role in responding to weathering and erosion factors that increase the failures of rock slopes.

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Pegu, Ajanta. "Hydrocarbon Source Rock Analysis of Barail & Disang group." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 5 (May 31, 2022): 2305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42814.

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Abstract: Petroleum source rocks are those which has sufficient amount of organic matter to generate and expel hydrocarbons to form a commercial accumulation of oil or gas. The objective of this project is to analyze the principal learning on the application of the formation of petroleum source rocks and hydrocarbon generation to exploration activities along with evaluation of petroleum source rocks and hydrocarbon generation. In this project, samples of Barail Group and Disang Group of rocks of Naga-Schuppen Belt were analyzed to determine their source rock characteristics and petroleum generative potentials Keywords: source rock, van Krevelen, Rock Eval pyrolysis, Hydrogen Index, Total organic Carbon content

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Lee, Dong-Keun, Duk-Ho Chung, Woong-Hyeon Jeon, and Chul-Min Lee. "Analysis of igneous rock classification process by earth science teachers using eye trackers." Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction 22, no. 15 (August 15, 2022): 461–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.2022.22.15.461.

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Objectives The purpose of this study is to find out the characteristics that earth science teachers show in the process of classifying igneous rocks and the difficulties in classifying igneous rocks. Methods To this end, the researchers collected gaze data and language data in the process of classifying igneous rocks by using a Eyetracker(Tobii Ⅱ) and a think-aloud method from five high school earth science teachers in Jeollabuk-do. Then, the collected data were analyzed using the gaze analysis program and the semantic network analysis, respectively. Results First, in the process of classifying igneous rocks, earth science teacher’s gaze fixation duration was long in the order of diorite, andesite, rhyolite, gabbro, basalt, and granite. Second, in the semantic network for the classification of igneous rocks by earth science teachers, the eigenvector centrality of words related to the apparent characteristics of rocks such as “particles” and “rock color” was high. Third, in the process of classifying igneous rocks, earth science teachers found it difficult to determine the range of characteristics that determine each igneous rock, that is, the range of rock colors, particle sizes, stripes, etc. In other words, earth science teachers found it most difficult to distinguish diorite, and granite was the easiest to distinguish. In the process of classifying igneous rocks, they classified igneous rocks mainly based on the size of the particles that make up the rocks and the color shown by the rocks rather than the minerals that make up the rocks. In addition, earth science teachers were unclear about the scope of the criteria for classification of igneous rocks. Conclusions Earth science teachers need to clearly establish personal standards for the classification of igneous rocks. And personal standard for rock classification can be established through various observation experiences as well as the geological knowledge they perceive. Therefore, earth science teachers should be provided with various types of rocks and typical rocks for extensive observation experiences, such as activities to observe rocks and various types of rocks.

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Ahrari-Roudi, Mohyeddin, and Mojtaba Zaresefat. "Armourstone Quality Analysis for Coastal Construction in Chabahar, Southeast Iran." Water 15, no. 1 (December 30, 2022): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15010151.

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Natural stones (armourstones) of varying sizes and qualities are frequently used to construct breakwaters to protect coastal engineering structures from wave actions for economic reasons. Time-related armourstone deterioration in the form of abrasion and disintegration may result in structural damage. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the performance and quality of the armourstones, which should be robust and long-lasting. The study aimed to examine the quality of two distinct types of rocks from three breakwaters used as armourstones in the Chabahar region and compare the results to the observed field performance. This study aimed to illustrate why it is crucial to characterise rocks thoroughly before deciding which ones to use in a particular project and to evaluate how well current classification techniques account for the observed field performance of stones that may have complex geological compositions. The physical and mechanical properties of the rock were evaluated through both on-site observation and laboratory testing. The results indicated that the class of rocks used in the breakwater had a wide range of suitability ratings. It was discovered that sedimentary rocks have the best water absorption and porosity properties. In addition, age is a positive factor, as the rate of destruction decreases with age. Component and particle size can also play a role in lithology, which is a significant factor in the rock’s durability. Also, the findings demonstrated that the marine organisms in the rock component play an important role in the stability of these structures, even though rock mass breakwaters are less qualified for breakwater construction as per international coastal engineering standards. According to the findings, a breakwater made of lumachel rock boulders, or alternatively sandstone boulders, will last the longest.

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Almisned, Omar A., and Naif B. Alqahtani. "Rock analysis to characterize Saudi soft sandstone rock." Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology 11, no. 6 (May 10, 2021): 2381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13202-021-01160-y.

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AbstractAs more engineering projects and activities are taking place on and around weak rocks, it is becoming more important to study and characterize them. Since regular practices of rock mechanical testing are not effective for weak rocks, special laboratory tests and measurements were performed to characterize the Alkharj Saudi weak sandstone rock which is a clastic rock dominantly sandy limestone and sandstone. Test results are presented in this paper. Porosity, permeability, and mechanical properties (stress, strain, Poisson's ratio, confined compressive strength and unconfined compressive strength) were obtained and then used to characterize the proposed weak rock. This paper provides a mean of classifying weak soft rocks despite encountered problems in handling and testing such materials.

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Rajapaksha, G. K. M., J. K. Clegg, K. S. A. Arachchige, A. V. R. S. Coswaththa, G. D. N. H. Gunarathna, K. M. E. P. Fernando, H. M. R. Premasiri, N. M. S. Sirimuthu, C. N. K. Patabendige, and N. M. S. Sirimuthu. "Detailed Chemical Analysis of Unusually Weathered Rocks." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 15, no. 24 (June 27, 2022): 1213–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v15i24.367.

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Custer, Jay F. "Experimental analysis of fire-cracked rocks from varied use contexts." North American Archaeologist 38, no. 3 (March 7, 2017): 237–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0197693117696533.

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This experimental study of fire-cracked rocks sought to determine if varied rock fracture attributes could be correlated with specific past uses of heated stones. A total of 864 rocks were heated in 41 fires that replicated hearth, stone boiling, sweat lodge, and earth oven uses of quartz, quartzite, and sandstone cobbles as heating elements. Analysis of experimental results considered three fire-cracked rock attributes (fracture rate, fragment type, and fragment shape) which can be correlated with some of the specific uses of rocks as heating elements. These attributes can be applied to fire-cracked rock assemblages from archaeological contexts to determine their past uses with relatively consistent results as long as the archaeological context of the fire-cracked rocks is carefully considered.

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Safira, Amanda, Dina Yulianita, and Widya Utama. "Fluid Substitution Analysis Using Gassmann’s Equation Modification on Carbonate Environment." Pakistan Journal of Scientific Research 1, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.57041/pjosr.v1i2.6.

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Gassmann’s equation can be used to determine the velocity of compressional waves that pass through rocks with various pore fluid contents, using fluid substitution concept, but is generally applied to certain conditions only (physical rock properties). Carbonate rock has properties in contrary of Gassmann’s assumption; is a heterogenic, anisotropic rock and does not have a well-interconnected pores. In this research, secondary data from laboratory measurements are used, consisting of carbonate rocks (limestone and dolomite) to test modified Gassmann’s equation on carbonate rocks. Two approaches of Gassmann’s equation are used by using k-dry and k-1 components, which are the value of compressional modulus bulk of saturated rocks. The result of both approaches shows that the usage of k-1 component is more optimal to be applied to carbonate rocks because it does not use k-dry component, which should only be used on field measurements, as there is a difference in the environment condition (air, temperature, and pressure) on reservoir and laboratory.

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Ren, Jia Guo, and Qian Qian Wu. "Discussion on Geological Experiment Technology in Geological Work." Advanced Materials Research 616-618 (December 2012): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.616-618.60.

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This essay puts silicate rocks test as example on the basic of the analysis of new technology and method of geological experiment. This essay analyses the experimental principal and process of silicate rock’s total iron content, and it based on geology experimental operation process. The essay tries to probe into silicate rock’s mineral chemical composition, rock structure and tectonics through the research of the iron content and other chemical components of silicate rocks. Furthermore, this essay also estimates the optional mineral’s component content of sandstone ore, and then evaluates mining products and industrial and economic value. It is very important to guide the development of the mine.

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Zhang, Ke, Zi Nan Wang, Hong Sun, Jian Sun, and Yu Hou Wu. "ANSYS-Based Finite Element Analysis on TBM Disc Cutter." Advanced Materials Research 889-890 (February 2014): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.889-890.66.

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The purpose of the essay is to know the rock fragmentation mechanism of TBM and improve the efficiency of disc cutter. The method of simulation is applied. The cutter ring and cutter axis surface stress distribution are studied under different rocks and the change of them is analyzed under different penetrations. Under different rocks conditions, the cutter ring surface stress is affected due to the change of rock load; the same rock condition, it is changed along with the change of penetrations. But the cutter axis surface stress changes little. In different rocks conditions, the change of stress on the cutter ring surface is proportional to rock ultimate stress; the same rock condition, it is proportional to the penetration of the cutter ring. The results are significant in improving the working efficiency of disc cutter.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Rocks Analysis"

Karpathakis, George. "Rock stories: The discourse of rocks and rock-collecting." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2008. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/218.

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Humanity's relationship with rocks is a long-standing one. Belk (1995, p.2) describes archaeological evidence of early assemblages of rocks found in Cro-Magnon caves that would not be out of place in contemporary rock-collections. Historically, apart from being used as material for tools and buildings. rocks were also used for magical, pharmaceutical and decorative purposes. During the Renaissance and Enlightenment, the practice of collecting rocks became associated with the sense of discovery and the colonial expansion of western European civilization across world, and with advances in mining, science and industry. It is a practice that continues through to the present day. This thesis is an ethnography that asks contemporary rock collectors: why do they collect rocks? How do they collect rocks? And, how do they talk about them? Adapting Foucault's theoretical framework on discourse (1970) and utilising positions on collecting put forward by Baudrillard ( 1994), Belk ( 1995), Benjamin (1999), and others, the thesis analyses interviews and images of rock-collectors and their collections and puts forward a snapshot of the discourse of rocks and rock-collecting as currently practiced. The thesis's theoretical framework is first tested on texts of popular culture on rocks and rock-collecting to locate and identify the statements and discursive formations that make up the discourse, and then it is applied to the interviews of contemporary collectors talking about their collections. While some rock collectors practice alone and their approaches may appear idiosyncratic, others, sharing knowledge and experience, practice in a club environment. The collectors' approaches to rock collecting range from the taxonomic and scientific to the aesthetic and utilitarian, personal and historical, and, for some, to the metaphysical. In Australia some aspects of rock-collecting are allied to prospecting and mining. For some collectors the rocks are souvenirs, and are connected to travel. For other collectors rock-collecting is associated with understandings of nature, time and space. The interviews reveal that in a consumer society rocks are also commodities, with many of the collectors not only acquiring their rocks in the field, but also buying what they cannot find, or trade, for their collection. The analysis of the collectors' interviews demonstrates that the discourse does not stand as an isolated figure, but shares statements and configurations of statements with many other discourses in the field of knowledge, including science, history, archaeology and metaphysics. The interviews also illustrate how discourse and their associated practices are subject to external and internal rules and regulations, imposed by the State, and by institutions of academia and cultural and scientific practices, such as museums and universities. Some collectors aspire to emulate museums, and wish to share with others knowledge about to their collection through exhibition. The variety of themes and practices found in the interviews reinforce Foucault's proposition that within a discourse statements and configurations of statements may arise that are incompatible and form diffractions in the discourse. While apparently incompatible themes, variations and differences exist within the discourse, the analysis of the interviews and the conclusion of the thesis underscore the underlying unities of the discourse of rocks and rock-collecting.

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Nejedlik, John. "Petrographic image analysis as a tool to quantify porosity and cement distribution." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SM/09smn417.pdf.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 153-157). Petrographic image analysis proved particularly useful in determining the parameters for statistical analysis for the simple mineralogies displayed in the samples from the Hutton Sandstone. Concentrates on establishing techniques for statistical study of data collected by PIA to subdivide the framework grains from the porosity or cement.

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Pressler, Rebecca E. "An integrated petrofabric study of the high-pressure Orlica-Śnieźnik Complex, Czech Republic and Poland." Ohio : Ohio University, 2006. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1149180445.

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SPAGNOLO, RODRIGO ALVES. "ANALYSIS OF RESERVOIR ROCKS PLUGGING DURING WATER INJECTION OPERATIONS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2001. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=2206@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
O presente trabalho apresenta um estudo paramétrico de alguns fatores intervenientes no processo de entupimento de formações rochosas por sólidos em suspensão, sob injeção de água. Primeiramente se fez uma revisão das formulações mais comumente utilizadas em se tratando de modelos de redução de permeabilidade na literatura técnica especializada. Em seguida, a partir de dois simuladores numéricos, executou- se vários casos de injeção de água,e tais resultados foram comparados entre si e comentários foram feitos a respeito da validade das informações por eles fornecidas. Uma campanha de ensaios foi executada de forma a avaliar alguns parâmetros intervenientes na retenção de partículas em suspensão quando injetadas em um meio poroso, como a rocha. Inicialmente foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica sobre ensaios de injeção já realizados em diversos centros de pesquisas do mundo. Os resultados desses experimentos de injeção, conjugados a análises complementares de microscopia eletrônica, fornecem informações bastantes úteis para determinados aspectos a serem considerados na execução de injeção de água produzida em poços offshore.
The present work presents a parametric study of some intervening factors in the blockage process of rocky formations for solids in suspension, under injection of water.Firstly it was made a review in the specialized technical literature on the formulations more commonly used for modelling the permeability reduction. Next, using two numeric simulators, several examples of water injection were executed, and the results were compared amongst each other. A series of laboratory tests was performed in order to evaluate some intervening parameters in the retention of particles in suspension when injected in a porous medium. Initially it was made a bibliographical review on injection tests carried out in several research centers of the world. The results of the injection experiments, with associated analyses of electronic microscopy, were able to supply useful information for certain aspects to be considered when injecting produced water in offshore wells.

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Ponce, Escudero Carlos. "Structural analysis of tectonic lozenges in anisotropic rocks: fied analysis and experimental modelling." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/283937.

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Mánica, Malcom Miguel Ángel. "Analysis of underground excavations in argillaceous hard soils : weak rocks." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/663452.

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Materiales arcillosos rígidos, que se encuentran en la zona de transición entre suelos duros y rocas blandas, están siendo considerados actualmente en varios países como la roca huésped para el almacenamiento geológico profundo de residuos nucleares de alta actividad y larga vida. Esta posibilidad a derivado en la construcción de laboratorios de investigación subterráneos (LIS), excavados en estos materiales arcillosos rígidos, para estudiar su comportamiento bajo condiciones reales de trabajo. Entre los diferentes aspectos estudiados en los LIS, el comportamiento hidromecánico de la roca huésped es el más relevante para la presente investigación. Observaciones in situ han revelado que las excavaciones inducen daño alrededor de los túneles, en la forma de redes de fracturas, contenidas dentro de una zona llamada la zona de daño de la excavación (ZDE). La ZDE se ha identificado como una de las principales causas afectando el comportamiento de las excavaciones. En este contexto, el principal objetivo de la presente investigación es la simulación numérica del comportamiento hidromecánico de excavaciones experimentales llevadas a cabo en el LIS Meuse/Haute-Marne (Francia). Para lograrlo, se desarrolló un modelo constitutivo para caracterizar la roca huésped. El modelado de estos materiales es una tarea desafiante. Estos materiales exhiben características más propias de los suelos como considerables deformaciones plásticas, dependencia con la velocidad de carga, y creep, aunque también muestran características más típicas de las rocas como un considerable reblandecimiento y deformaciones plásticas localizadas. Además, debido a su origen sedimentario, también exhiben anisotropía en propiedades como su rigidez, resistencia, y permeabilidad. Se prestó especial atención a la reproducción de la ZDE y, por lo tanto, a la simulación objetiva de deformaciones localizadas; se empleó un enfoque no local para la regularización del continuo, el cual evita la dependencia con la malla empleada. Los resultados obtenidos proporcionan importantes conclusiones respecto al comportamiento hidromecánico de estos materiales arcillosos rígidos, e indican los principales aspectos que afectan la respuesta de las excavaciones subterráneas. En particular, se demuestra la importancia de la ZDE.
Stiff clayey materials, lying in the transition between hard soils and weak rocks, are being currently considered in several countries as possible host medium for deep geological disposal of high active and long-lived nuclear waste. This possibility has led to the construction of underground research laboratories (URL), excavated in these indurated clayey materials, to study their behaviour under real working conditions. Among the very different topics addressed in the URLs, the hydromechanical behaviour of the host rock is the one that most concerns the present research. In situ observations have revealed that excavation operations induce damage around the galleries, in the form of fracture networks, contained within a zone called excavation damaged zone (EDZ). The EDZ has been identified as one of the main aspects affecting the behaviour of the excavations. In this context, the main objective of the present study is the numerical simulation of the hydromechanical behaviour of experimental excavations performed at the Meuse/Haute-Marne URL (France). For this purpose, a constitutive model has been developed to characterise the host formation. The modelling of these stiff argillaceous materials is a quite challenging task. They exhibit soil-like features like considerable plastic strains, rate-dependency, and creep, although they also show characteristics more typical of a rock such as significant softening and localised deformations. In addition, due to their sedimentary origin, they often exhibit anisotropy in properties like stiffness, strength, and permeability. Special attention has been paid to the reproduction of the EDZ and, therefore, to the objective simulation of localised deformations; a nonlocal approach has been employed for the regularisation of the continuum, avoiding the dependence on the employed mesh. The obtained results provide relevant insights into the hydromechanical behaviour of these stiff clayey materials, and they indicate the main aspects affecting the response of the underground excavations. In particular, the relevance of the EDZ has been demonstrated.

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Eggen, Katharina Banschbach. "AVO Analysis of Turbidite Reservoir Rocks in the Alvheim Field." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for petroleumsteknologi og anvendt geofysikk, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-18727.

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The Alvheim reservoir is a turbidite reservoir, which means that the complex deposition makes it a difficult reservoir to perform predictions regarding reservoir content on. In the preceding project work (Eggen 2012) AVO analyses were performed on the twelve modelled scenarios that can be present in a turbidite reservoir. These modelled scenarios were to be compared with the analyses performed on the real data in this master’s thesis to see if the modelled scenarios can help to predict what answers to expect from the analyses performed on the real data. One post-stack data set consisting of Near and Far stacks covering the whole Alvheim field including all three hydrocarbon discoveries, and one pre-stack data set focusing on the oil discovery named Kneler were available for this thesis in addition to well logs from well 25/4-7. Naturally, it was the Kneler oil discovery that was focused on, and on the gathers from the pre-stack data the top reservoir could be identified by a clear AVO effect. Different AVO analyses were performed on this AVO effect and the results were compared with the results obtained from the project work. In addition to performing AVO analyses on the data it was interesting to see if it was possible to see how the reservoir changed when moving away from the well location on the seismic data. To increase the signal to noise ratio, super gathers around the well location were created in addition to super gathers at some distance away from the well to see if there were changes that were noticeable on the seismic.The AVO analysis was performed on the top oil sand (top reservoir) in the Heimdal Member located in the Lista Formation. An AVO crossplot was created from both data sets, where the area around the Kneler discovery was picked by hand on the post-stack data set to match the area that was plotted from the pre-stack data. The crossplot created from the post-stack data showed the best deviation from the background trend out of the two, and the anomaly could be classified as a class III AVO anomaly. It was also performed an AVO gradient analysis on the AVO effect on a pre-stack seismic gather and on a synthetic seismic gather created with a normal Ricker wavelet and velocities taken from well 25/4-7. Both AVO curves from these analyses had a negative intercept and a negative gradient, which also could classify them as a class III AVO anomaly. It was known in advance that the upper part of the reservoir consisted of unconsolidated interbedded sand-shale and it was expected that the results would match the results obtained from the modelled scenario of the unconsolidated interbedded sand-shale. However, this was not completely the case and the results from the analyses of the real data turned out to match the analyses for the modelled unconsolidated massive sandstone. Even if the analyses from this master’s thesis do not match the expected analyses performed in the preceding project work, they can be said to be correct. The error in comparison is due to the fact that the analyses in this master’s thesis are performed on the top of a section of unconsolidated interbedded sand-shale, but the top layer is actually a layer of unconsolidated massive sandstone. This means that when making assumptions it should not be taken for granted that the real data will match the modelled data, especially not if there are uncertainties related to the assumptions the modelling is based on.

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PESSOA, THIAGO FIGUEIREDO POLARI. "NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF SAND CONTROL METHODS IN OIL-PRODUCING ROCKS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2011. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=19293@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
Durante a vida produtiva de um poço de petróleo, problemas devido à produção de sólidos podem ocasionar gastos excessivos por danos nos equipamentos ou redução de produtividade do poço. Por causa destes problemas, a instalação de sistemas de contenção de sólidos na etapa de completação é uma das mais complexas e fundamentais fases na construção do poço. A alteração no estado de tensões atuante sobre a formação é uma das principais fontes de carregamento dos sistemas de contenção mecânica de sólidos. Este trabalho visa simular as tensões atuantes no sistema de contenção de sólidos (gravel packing e stand alone) instalados em uma formação com potencial de produção de sólidos, permitindo a otimização de projetos para este tipo de sistemas. Para isso foi utilizado o modelo de Mohr Coulomb solucionado numericamente no software comercial de elementos finitos Abaqus que foi escolhido devido a sua enorme capacidade de resolver problemas não lineares. Os resultados obtidos foram então comparados com ensaios experimentais que apresentaram comportamento bastante semelhante com os obtidos numericamente. Além disso, foi observada a capacidade do gravel packing de suportar as tensões até determinado estado de tensões.
During the production steps of a petroleum well, issues regarding sand production may have hight costs due to damages in the equipment or reduction of the well’s productivity. Such problems make the application of sand control systems in the completion phase one of the most complex and essential parts in the construction of the well. This work aims to simulate the behavior of different sand control methods (gravel packing and stand alone) taking into account mechanical interaction between the formation and sand control screens. For the development of the present study, elastoplastic (Mohr Coulomb) models are used to represent granular materials with the commercial FEM software Abaqus, chosen due to its versality in the solution of non-linear problems named out previously. Numerical simulations were compared to experimental tests which presented similar behavior regarding the numerical analysis. In addition, it was observed the capability of the gravel packing to withstand the stresses up to a certain state of stress.

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SOBREIRA, GUSTAVO HENRIQUE OLIVEIRA. "EVALUATION OF ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF CARBONATIC ROCKS FROM MICROSTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2015. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=29612@1.

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Анотація:

PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE EXCELENCIA ACADEMICA
Reservatórios carbonáticos contêm entre 50 e 60 porcento de petróleo e gás do mundo. No entanto, estas rochas têm apresentado problemas operacionais consideráveis durante as etapas de perfuração e produção. Tais problemas são originados pelas dificuldades na caracterização adequada destas rochas em função da complexa distribuição espacial de suas micro e macro estrutura. Enquanto ambas as escalas possuem importância no entendimento do comportamento de carbonatos, o presente trabalho trata da análise da microestrutura. Nesse âmbito, a proposta deste trabalho integra o processamento e análises de imagens digitais, elaboração de malhas de elementos finitos e simulação numérica de forma a prever propriedades elásticas, com o objetivo de correlacionar a microestrutura e o módulo de Young. Foram utilizadas imagens digitais de amostras de afloramento (travertinos) considerados como possíveis análogas a rochas carbonáticas de reservatório. A metodologia implementada permitiu obter subamostras que incluem uma gama de microestruturas e porosidades numa única amostra para assim simular numericamente o módulo de Young. Conclui-se neste estudo que os poros maiores (vuggys) são os principais responsáveis pelo comportamento do material quando o mesmo é carregado, e também a influência da estrutura porosa nos resultados, foi possível observar que a posição dos poros afeta o módulo de elasticidade do corpo de prova.
Carbonate reservoirs contain between 50 and 60 percent of oil and gas reserves in the world. However, these rocks have presented considerable operating problems during the phases of drilling and production. Such problems are originated by the difficulties in the proper characterization of these rocks due to the complex spatial distribution of its micro and macro structure. While both scales have importance on the carbonate behavior understanding, this paper deals with the analysis of the microstructure. In this context, the aim of this work is part of the processing and digital image analysis, mesh preparation and finite element numerical simulation to predict elastic properties, in order to correlate the microstructure and the Young s modulus. Using digital images of outcrop samples (travertine) considered as possible analogous to carbonate rocks reservoir. The methodology implemented afforded sub-samples that include a range of porosities and microstructures for a single sample well numerically simulate the Young s modulus. It is concluded in this study that the larger pores (vuggys) are mainly responsible for the behavior of the material when it is loaded, and also the influence of the porous structure in the results, it was observed that the position of pores affects the modulus of elasticity of sample.

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AMARO, RENATO. "ANALYSIS OF THE FEASIBILITY OF DRILLING OF ROCKS WITH LASERS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2013. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=37208@1.

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Um dos maiores desafios na perfuração das rochas carbonáticas, situadas a grandes profundidades, é superar as baixas taxas de penetração que vem sendo obtidas na perfuração de poços verticais e direcionais. Para vencer este desafio, um grande esforço vem sendo desenvolvido em várias linhas de pesquisa, tanto no desenvolvimento de novos conceitos de brocas como na seleção de um sistema de perfuração que apresente um melhor desempenho. Para atingir este objetivo, estão sendo priorizados procedimentos e sistemas de perfuração que apresentem menores níveis de vibração, pois este fenômeno além de reduzir a eficiência da perfuração, também compromete o tempo de vida útil dos equipamentos e, por consequência, acarreta a redução da confiabilidade do sistema e eleva o custo por metro da perfuração. Por conseguinte, novas tecnologias de brocas e sistemas de perfuração estão em desenvolvimento e, dentre as novas tecnologias, podemos diferenciar aquelas que promovem melhorias nas tecnologias convencionais e as tecnologias francamente inovadoras, aquelas que utilizam novos mecanismos para cortar ou fragilizar a rocha. Dentre as tecnologias inovadoras, a perfuração assistida por laser é uma das mais promissoras, nesta versão o feixe da energia radiante tem a função principal de fragilizar a rocha, facilitando o avanço da perfuração. Esta dissertação tem por objetivo realizar uma avaliação das possibilidades de aplicação da tecnologia laser na perfuração de rochas. O meio através do qual o laser deverá atuar nas aplicações futuras é analisado sobre o enfoque das suas propriedades físico-químicas. Dessa forma, o conhecimento da interação com o fluido de perfuração é o ponto de partida para a análise de viabilidade. Inicialmente, análises de absorção ótica foram realizadas em alguns tipos de fluido utilizados na indústria do petróleo e, na sequência, foram realizados testes de bancada com um dispositivo eletro-mecânico, especialmente desenvolvido, para servir de base para o laser, com potência máxima de 1500 W, direcionado sobre amostras de rochas carbonáticas. A análise de absorção ótica tem por objetivo compreender melhor o processo de interação do laser com o fluido de perfuração. Os testes de absorção ótica foram realizados para avaliar a absorção da luz, na faixa de comprimento de onda entre 800 nm até 1200 nm. A partir destas informações foi dado o primeiro passo no conhecimento da interação com o fluido de perfuração. Na seqüência da abordagem, um resumo, em nível de pesquisa bibliográfica é apresentado com os estudos, análises e testes de bancada já realizados por vários pesquisadores para verificar o estágio de desenvolvimento desta tecnologia inovadora. A partir deste conhecimento, será possível fazer uma inferência sobre as reais possibilidades desta tecnologia e iniciar um levantamento preliminar sobre os pontos considerados críticos para a sua aplicação, no cenário de perfuração de um poço de petróleo. O cenário de perfuração, como se sabe, é um ambiente agressivo, sujeito a altas vibrações, temperaturas e pressões elevadas. Para concluir, serão apresentados os resultados obtidos em teste de bancada com dispositivo especificamente construído para a fundamentação das conclusões da dissertação. Dentre os aspectos mais relevantes, podemos mencionar: a determinação da durabilidade do sistema, considerando a resistência da lente de focalização ao aquecimento provocado pelo laser e, também, uma avaliação da eficiência do processo sob o ponto de vista do valor obtido para a energia específica. Em resumo, o objetivo final dessa dissertação é o de concentrar em um documento as informações mais atualizadas sobre a utilização do laser na perfuração de rochas e apresentar uma análise, ainda que preliminar, sobre os possíveis pontos de melhoria que permitam viabilizar esta tecnologia no futuro.
One of the biggest challenges in drilling the carbonate rocks located at great depths is to overcome low penetration drilling rates that have been obtained in vertical and directional wells. To overcome this challenge, a great effort is being developed on multiple lines of research. All of them are focused in new concepts of drilling procedures and the selection of a drilling system that presents a better performance. To achieve this goal, new procedures are being designed and drilling systems with lower vibration levels are under development. Vibration reduces the efficiency of drilling, also decreases the lifetime of equipment and consequently causes a reduction in reliability of all system and raises the drilling costs. Consequently, new drill bit technologies and drilling systems are being developed and, among the new technologies we can differentiate those that only promote improvements in conventional technologies and those innovative technologies, in which new mechanisms to cut or weaken the rock are used. The drilling assisted laser is one of the most promising mechanism in which the radiant energy beam has the primary function to weaken the rock increasing the performance of drilling process. This dissertation aims to perform an assessment of the possibilities of laser technology in rock drilling applications. The laser will have to pass through the drilling fluid in the future applications so it is very important to understand their physicochemical properties and their mutual interaction. For this reason, the knowledge of the interaction with the drilling fluid is the starting point for this work. First of all, it will be accomplished an analysis of optical absorption in some types of fluid used in the oil industry. After that, it will be performed bench testing with an electro-mechanical device that will support a laser whose maximum power can reach 1500 W and it will be pointed to carbonate rock samples. The optical absorption analysis aims to better understand the interaction of the laser with the drilling fluid. The optical absorption tests are performed to evaluate the absorption of light in the wavelength range from 800 nm to 1200 nm. From this information, it will be taken the first step to understand the interaction with the drilling fluid, which is the starting point for the feasibility study of the use of lasers. Following the approach, a literature review will be presented with the studies, analysis and bench testing already conducted by various researchers to check the stage of development of this new technology. Taking into account this knowledge, it will be possible to make an initial approach about the actual possibilities of this technology and initiate a preliminary survey on the questions that are critical to its application in a drilling scenario in the well construction, an aggressive environment which is subject to high vibrations, high temperatures and pressures. To conclude, we present the results obtained in bench testing with device specifically built for supporting the conclusions of the dissertation. Among the most relevant aspects, we can mention the durability of the system, considering the focusing lens lifetime under the heating effects caused by the laser. Another point, it is to make an evaluation of the performance of drilling process, considering the specific energy. In summary, the ultimate goal of this dissertation is to concentrate in a single document the most current information about the use of laser drilling and present an analysis, though preliminary, about the possible improvement points that will allow the feasibility of this technology in the future.

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Книги з теми "Rocks Analysis"

D, Hutchison, ed. Chemical methods of rock analysis. 3rd ed. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1986.

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Johnson, Wesley M. Rock and mineral analysis. 2nd ed. Malabar, Fla: R.E. Krieger, 1989.

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Basic analytical petrology. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.

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A Handbook of silicate rock analysis. London: Blackie Academic & Professional, 1987.

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Marre, J. The structural analysis of granitic rocks. Oxford: North Oxford Academic, 1985.

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The structural analysis of granitic rocks. London: North Oxford Academic, 1986.

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Marre, Jacques. The structural analysis of granitic rocks. New York: Elsevier, 1986.

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Jozsef, Konya, ed. Interfacial chemistry of rocks and soils. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2009.

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Geologic analysis of naturally fractured reservoirs. 2nd ed. Boston: Gulf Professional Pub., 2001.

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Vasi͡utinskiĭ, N. A. Stekhiometrii͡a gornykh porod. Moskva: "Nedra", 1986.

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Частини книг з теми "Rocks Analysis"

Flügel, Erik. "Integrated Facies Analysis." In Microfacies of Carbonate Rocks, 641–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08726-8_13.

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Flügel, Erik. "Quantitative Microfacies Analysis." In Microfacies of Carbonate Rocks, 243–66. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08726-8_6.

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Flügel, Erik. "Integrated Facies Analysis." In Microfacies of Carbonate Rocks, 641–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03796-2_13.

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Flügel, Erik. "Microfacies Analysis: Methods." In Microfacies of Carbonate Rocks, 53–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03796-2_3.

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Flügel, Erik. "Quantitative Microfacies Analysis." In Microfacies of Carbonate Rocks, 243–66. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03796-2_6.

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Flügel, Erik. "Basin Analysis: Recognizing Depositional Settings." In Microfacies of Carbonate Rocks, 725–802. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08726-8_15.

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Flügel, Erik. "Basin Analysis: Recognizing Depositional Settings." In Microfacies of Carbonate Rocks, 725–802. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03796-2_15.

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Hansen, Jan Petter, J. L. McCauley, Jiri Muller, and A. T. Skjeltorp. "Multifractal Analysis of Sedimentary Rocks." In Random Fluctuations and Pattern Growth: Experiments and Models, 310. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2653-0_42.

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Sakurai, Shunsuke. "Back analysis considering anisotropy of rocks." In Back Analysis in Rock Engineering, 111–22. Leiden,The Netherlands : CRC Press/Balkema, [2017] | Series:: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315375168-12.

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Sakurai, Shunsuke. "Critical strains of rocks and soils." In Back Analysis in Rock Engineering, 31–42. Leiden,The Netherlands : CRC Press/Balkema, [2017] | Series:: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315375168-5.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Rocks Analysis"

McGuinness, M. J., A. C. Fowler, B. Scheu, W. T. Lee, Theodore E. Simos, George Psihoyios, and Ch Tsitouras. "Exploding Rocks." In NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS: International Conference on Numerical Analysis and Applied Mathematics 2009: Volume 1 and Volume 2. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3241365.

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Li, Chengcheng, Kefei Zhang, Zhonggao Ma, and Weihua Liu. "Rock property measurement and analysis of carbonate rocks." In SEG 2018 Workshop: Reservoir Geophysics, Daqing, China, 5-7 August 2018. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and the Chinese Geophysical Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/rege2018-08.1.

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Lorant, F., R. Antonas, and J. Espitalie. "Characterization of Sulfur in Reservoir Rocks by Rock-Eval Analysis." In IOR 2005 - 13th European Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.12.d06.

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Zhao, Haibo, Dean Cheng, and Lailin Li. "Rock physics analysis of deep volcanic rocks in Daqing oilfield." In Beijing 2009 International Geophysical Conference and Exposition. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3603721.

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Avseth, P., and J. Carcione. "Rock Physics Template Analysis of Norwegian Shelf Clay-rich Source Rocks." In Third EAGE Workshop on Rock Physics. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201414406.

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Karamov, T., N. Bogdanovich, A. Mukhametdinova, A. Kozionov, E. Kozionov, E. Kozlova, and V. Plotnikov. "Pore Space Analysis of Domanic Formation Rocks." In EAGE/SPE Workshop on Shale Science 2019. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201900479.

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Zheng, Shuang, Ripudaman Manchanda, HanYi Wang, and Mukul Sharma. "DFIT Analysis and Interpretation in Layered Rocks." In SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/199690-ms.

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Eremin, M. O., and P. V. Makarov. "Common regularities in failure of rocks, rock mass, and earth’s crust. Statistical analysis." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS WITH HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE FOR NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND RELIABLE STRUCTURES 2019. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5131951.

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Kostin, N., and K. Dvirnyak. "Rock Typing of Upper Cretaceous Rocks Using Core Analysis Data and Resistivity Logs." In Saint Petersburg 2020. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202053235.

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Tripathi, Priya. "PARTICLE GEOMETRY CHANGE BY ABRASION AND FRAGMENTATION: ANALYSIS OF THE PHENOTYPIC TRAITS." In PRF2022—Progressive Failure of Brittle Rocks. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022pr-376036.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Rocks Analysis"

Huka, M., and I. Rubeska. An expeditious wet chemical analysis of silicate rocks. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/193307.

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Izquierdo, G., and M. Guevara. An alternative method of sample preparation for X-ray fluorescence analysis of rocks. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/193255.

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Marcus, L. F., and P. Lampietti. Interactive graphic analysis and sequence comparison of host rocks containing stratiform volcanogenic massive sulphide deposits. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/128083.

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Kanehiro, B. Y., C. H. Lai, and S. H. Stow. Analysis for preliminary evaluation of discrete fracture flow and large-scale permeability in sedimentary rocks. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6133996.

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Casper, Gary, Stefanie Nadeau, and Thomas Parr. Acoustic amphibian monitoring, 2019 data summary: Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore. National Park Service, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2295509.

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Amphibians are a Vital Sign indicator for monitoring long-term ecosystem health in seven national park units that comprise the Great Lakes Network. We present here the results for 2019 amphibian monitoring at Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore (PIRO). Appendices contain tabular summaries for six years of cumulative results. The National Park Service Great Lakes Inventory and Monitoring Network established 10 permanent acoustic amphibian monitoring sites at PIRO in 2013. Acoustic samples are collected by placing automated recorders with omnidirectional stereo microphones at each of the 10 sampling sites. Temperature loggers co-located with the recorders also collect air temperature during the sampling period. We expanded analyses and reporting in 2018 to address calling phenology and to provide a second metric for tracking changes in abundance across years. Occupancy analyses track whether or not a site was occupied by a species. Abundance is tracked by assessing how the maximum call intensity changes on sites across years, and by how many automated detections are reported from sites across years. Using two independent survey methods, manual and automated, with large sample sizes continues to return reliable results, providing a confident record of site occupancy for most species. The monitoring program detected five of the six species of frog and toad known to occur at PIRO in 2019, with Eastern American Toad, Gray Treefrog, Green Frog, and Spring Peeper occurring at almost every site sampled. Wood Frog was found at five sites. Mink Frog is known to occur at Sand Point but has never been confirmed at sites monitored by this GLKN program. Additional species of potential occurrence remain hypothetical (i.e., Northern Leopard Frog). The only significant data collection issue in 2019 was at PIRO02, where the equipment recorded only intermittently resulting in only partial data analysis possible. Remaining sites successfully collected data as programmed. Cumulative program result summaries since inception are provided in appendices. Temperature logs in 2019 showed that the threshold of ≥40°F was uniformly exceeded by 1 May, hence we recommend making 10 April the target start date for data collection in future. This could be accomplished by fall deployment of recorders on delayed starts. We also recommend making sure that recorders are mounted 6–10 feet high to better survey the soundscape with less interference from foliage, and that temperature loggers be placed within solar shields.

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O'Sullivan, P. B. Thermal history of Mississippian to Tertiary sedimentary rocks on the North Slope, Alaska: using fission-track analysis. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/1403.

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Newberry, R. J., L. E. Burns, and D. N. Solie. Gold favorability in the Eagle Quadrangle, Alaska, as predicted by discriminant analysis for non-porphyry granitic rocks. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/1450.

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Solie, D. N., L. E. Burns, and R. J. Newberry. Gold favorability in the Big Delta Quadrangle, Alaska, as predicted by discriminant analysis for non-porphyry granitic rocks. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/1447.

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Cook, N. G. W. Geophysical and transport properties of reservoir rocks. Final report for task 4: Measurements and analysis of seismic properties. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10159675.

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Pe-Piper, G., D. J. W. Piper, K. M. Gould, and J. Shannon. Depositional environment and provenance analysis of the Lower Cretaceous sedimentary rocks at the Peskowesk A-99 well, Scotian Basin. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/222866.

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