Готові списки джерел за темами / Reporter strain

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Reporter strain"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 6 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Reporter strain":

1

Reuscher, Carina Maria, Lisa Schmidt, Anette Netsch, and Benjamin Lamp. "Characterization of a Cytopathogenic Reporter CSFV." Viruses 13, no. 7 (June 23, 2021): 1209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13071209.

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Cytopathogenic (cp) pestiviruses frequently emerge in cattle that are persistently infected with the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) as a consequence of RNA recombination and mutation. They induce apoptosis in infected tissue cultures, are highly attenuated in the immunocompetent host, and unable to establish persistent infections after diaplacental infections. Cp strains of BVDV have been used as naturally attenuated live vaccines and for species-specific plaque reduction tests for the indirect serological detection of BVDV. Here, we present a genetically engineered cp strain of the classical swine fever virus (CSFV). Cytopathogenicity of the strain was induced by the insertion of ubiquitin embedded in a large NS3 to NS4B duplication. The CSFV RNA genome was stabilized by the inactivation of the NS2 autoprotease, hindering the deletion of the insertion and the reversion to a wild-type genome. Additional insertion of a mCherry gene at the 5′-end of the E2 gene allowed fluorescence-verified plaque reduction assays for CSFV, thus providing a novel, cost-efficient diagnostic tool. This genetically stabilized cp CSFV strain could be further used as a basis for potential new modified live vaccines. Taken together, we applied reverse genetics to rationally fixate a typical cp NS3 duplication in a CSFV genome.
2

Singh, Vandana, Rajesh Kumar Biswas, and Bhupendra N. Singh. "Double Recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG Strain for Screening of Primary and Rationale-Based Antimycobacterial Compounds." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 58, no. 3 (December 16, 2013): 1389–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01301-13.

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ABSTRACTConventional antimycobacterial screening involves CFU analysis, which poses a great challenge due to slow growth of mycobacteria. Recombinant strains carrying reporter genes under the influence of constitutive promoters allow rapid and wide screening of compounds but without revealing their modes of action. Reporter strains using pathway-specific promoters provide a better alternative but allow a limited screening of compounds interfering with only a particular metabolic pathway. This reduces these strains to merely a second-line screening system, as they fail to identify even the more potent compounds if they are not inhibiting the pathway of interest. In this study, we have generated a double recombinantMycobacterium bovisBCG strain carrying firefly andRenillaluciferase genes as two reporters under the control of a constitutive and an inducible mycobacterial promoter. The presence of dual reporters allows simultaneous expression and analysis of two reporter enzymes within a single system. The expression profile of the firefly luciferase gene, rendered by a constitutive mycobacterial promoter, coincides with the decline in bacterial growth in response to a wide range of antimycobacterial drugs, while the enhanced expression ofRenillaluciferase mirrors the selective induction of the reporter gene expression as a result of pathway-specific inhibition. Thus, the double recombinant strain allows the screening of both primary and rationally synthesized antimycobacterial compounds in a single assay. The inhibiting response of drugs was monitored with a dual-luciferase reporter assay which can be easily adapted in high-throughput mode.
3

Achatz-Straussberger, Gertrude, Roland Geisberger, Iris Oberndorfer, Daniela Inführ, Elke Luger, Padraic Fallon, Marinus Lamers, and Gernot Achatz. "Construction of an sIgE:FLAG-mIgE:GFP Reporter Mouse Strain." International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 130, no. 4 (2003): 280–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000070215.

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4

Olias, Philipp, and L. David Sibley. "Functional Analysis of the Role of Toxoplasma gondii Nucleoside Triphosphate Hydrolases I and II in Acute Mouse Virulence and Immune Suppression." Infection and Immunity 84, no. 7 (April 18, 2016): 1994–2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00077-16.

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Bioluminescent reporter assays have been widely used to study the effect ofToxoplasma gondiion host gene expression. In the present study, we extend these studies by engineering novel reporter cell lines containing a gamma-activated sequence (GAS) element driving firefly luciferase (FLUC). In RAW264.7 macrophages,T. gondiitype I strain (GT1) infection blocked interferon gamma (IFN-γ)-induced FLUC activity to a significantly greater extent than infection by type II (ME49) and type III (CTG) strains. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of progeny from a prior genetic cross identified a genomic region on chromosome XII that correlated with the observed strain-dependent phenotype. This QTL region contains two isoforms of theT. gondiienzyme nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase (NTPase) that were the prime candidates for mediating the observed strain-specific effect. Using reverse genetic analysis we show that deletion of NTPase I from a type I strain (RH) background restored the higher luciferase levels seen in the type II (ME49) strain. Rather than an effect on IFN-γ-dependent transcription, our data suggest that NTPase I was responsible for the strain-dependent difference in FLUC activity due to hydrolysis of ATP. We further show that NTPases I and II were not essential for tachyzoite growthin vitroor virulence in mice. Our study reveals that althoughT. gondiiNTPases are not essential for immune evasion, they can affect ATP-dependent reporters. Importantly, this limitation was overcome using an ATP-independentGaussialuciferase, which provides a more appropriate reporter for use withT. gondiiinfection studies.
5

Mao, Xiaohong, Yuko Fujiwara, Aimée Chapdelaine, Haidi Yang, and Stuart H. Orkin. "Activation of EGFP expression by Cre-mediated excision in a new ROSA26 reporter mouse strain." Blood 97, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 324–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v97.1.324.

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Abstract Reporter mouse strains are important tools for monitoring Cre recombinase-mediated excision in vivo. In practice, excision may be incomplete in a given population due to threshold level or variegated expression of Cre. Hence, it is desirable in many experimental contexts to isolate cells that have undergone excision to assess the consequences of gene ablation. To generate alternative reporter mice, an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene was targeted to the retroviral-trapped ROSA26 locus. Upon Cre-mediated excision of “Stop” sequences, EGFP was expressed ubiquitously during embryogenesis and in adult tissues (including T cells, B cells, and myeloid cells). Using this new reporter strain, separation of excised from nonexcised cells in vitro was achieved in thymocytes in a noninvasive manner based on activated EGFP expression. This new EGFP reporter strain should facilitate a variety of conditional gene-targeting experiments, including the functional studies of hematopoietic cells in lineage-specific knockout mice.
6

Wallace, Joselynn, Nicholas O. Bowlin, Debra M. Mills, Panatda Saenkham, Steven M. Kwasny, Timothy J. Opperman, John D. Williams, Charles O. Rock, Terry L. Bowlin, and Donald T. Moir. "Discovery of Bacterial Fatty Acid Synthase Type II Inhibitors Using a Novel Cellular Bioluminescent Reporter Assay." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 59, no. 9 (July 13, 2015): 5775–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00686-15.

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ABSTRACTNovel, cellular, gain-of-signal, bioluminescent reporter assays for fatty acid synthesis type II (FASII) inhibitors were constructed in an efflux-deficient strain ofPseudomonas aeruginosaand based on the discovery that FASII genes inP. aeruginosaare coordinately upregulated in response to pathway disruption. A screen of 115,000 compounds identified a series of sulfonamidobenzamide (SABA) analogs, which generated strong luminescent signals in two FASII reporter strains but not in four control reporter strains designed to respond to inhibitors of pathways other than FASII. The SABA analogs selectively inhibited lipid biosynthesis inP. aeruginosaand exhibited minimal cytotoxicity to mammalian cells (50% cytotoxic concentration [CC50] ≥ 80 μM). The most potent SABA analogs had MICs of 0.5 to 7.0 μM (0.2 to 3.0 μg/ml) against an efflux-deficientEscherichia coli(ΔtolC) strain but had no detectable MIC against efflux-proficientE. colior againstP. aeruginosa(efflux deficient or proficient). Genetic, molecular genetic, and biochemical studies revealed that SABA analogs target the enzyme (AccC) catalyzing the biotin carboxylase half-reaction of the acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) carboxylase step in the initiation phase of FASII inE. coliandP. aeruginosa. These results validate the capability and the sensitivity of this novel bioluminescent reporter screen to identify inhibitors ofE. coliandP. aeruginosaFASII.
7

Filareto, Antonio, Katie Maguire-Nguyen, Qiang Gan, Garazi Aldanondo, Léo Machado, Jeffrey S. Chamberlain, and Thomas A. Rando. "Monitoring disease activity noninvasively in the mdx model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 30 (July 9, 2018): 7741–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1802425115.

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Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a rare, muscle degenerative disease resulting from the absence of the dystrophin protein. DMD is characterized by progressive loss of muscle fibers, muscle weakness, and eventually loss of ambulation and premature death. Currently, there is no cure for DMD and improved methods of disease monitoring are crucial for the development of novel treatments. In this study, we describe a new method of assessing disease progression noninvasively in the mdx model of DMD. The reporter mice, which we term the dystrophic Degeneration Reporter strains, contain an inducible CRE-responsive luciferase reporter active in mature myofibers. In these mice, muscle degeneration is reflected in changes in the level of luciferase expression, which can be monitored using noninvasive, bioluminescence imaging. We monitored the natural history and disease progression in these dystrophic report mice and found that decreases in luciferase signals directly correlated with muscle degeneration. We further demonstrated that this reporter strain, as well as a previously reported Regeneration Reporter strain, successfully reveals the effectiveness of a gene therapy treatment following systemic administration of a recombinant adeno-associated virus-6 (rAAV-6) encoding a microdystrophin construct. Our data demonstrate the value of these noninvasive imaging modalities for monitoring disease progression and response to therapy in mouse models of muscular dystrophy.
8

K, Kalaiselvi, Mangayarkarasi V, Gomathi Ns, Balaji S, Shivshankar R. Mane, and Raja Shunmugam. "LUCIFERASE REPORTER MYCOBACTERIOPHAGES FOR EVALUATING NORBORNENE-BASED ANTITUBERCULOSIS DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING ON MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 9 (September 1, 2017): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i9.19660.

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Objective: In 2015, 9.6 million people around the world became sick with tuberculosis (TB) disease and 1.5 million TB-related deaths worldwide. Recent increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR; resistance to at least rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid [INH]) and extensively drug-resistant (MDR resistance plus resistance to a fluoroquinolone and an aminoglycoside) makes TB a serious concern. Lot of research is needed to deal with this infectious disease for a better alternative in treatment or modification of these older TB drugs. The present study aimed at evaluating antimycobacterial activity of norbornene (NOR) derived INH copolymer with poly ethylene glycol (NOR- polyethylene glycol [PEG]-INH) a novel nanocarrier along with the anti-TB drug using luciferase reporter phages (LRPs).Methods: NOR derived INH accounts for 74% of INH, 24% of NOR, and 2% of PEG. H37Rv control strain, a sensitive, and a resistant strain of Mycobacterium TB (MTB) used in this study. The in vitro activity of the drug was evaluated using absolute concentration method. The resistant strain was evaluated using LRP assay to observe the minimum inhibitory concentration of the drug.Results: Reduction in light units was observed for the resistant strain exposed to plain INH and NOR-PEG-INH separately. 24% of reduction was observed in strains exposed to plain INH whereas 37% of reduction was observed in strains exposed to NOR-PEG-INH.Conclusion: NOR-based INH had better antimycobacterial activity compared to plain INH and RIF. Antimycobacterial activity of INH and RIF increases even with very low dosage with NOR conjugate.
9

Banfield, Bruce W., Jessica D. Kaufman, Jessica A. Randall, and Gary E. Pickard. "Development of Pseudorabies Virus Strains Expressing Red Fluorescent Proteins: New Tools for Multisynaptic Labeling Applications." Journal of Virology 77, no. 18 (September 15, 2003): 10106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.18.10106-10112.2003.

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ABSTRACT The transsynaptic retrograde transport of the pseudorabies virus Bartha (PRV-Bartha) strain has become an important neuroanatomical tract-tracing technique. Recently, dual viral transneuronal labeling has been introduced by employing recombinant strains of PRV-Bartha engineered to express different reporter proteins. Dual viral transsynaptic tracing has the potential of becoming an extremely powerful method for defining connections of single neurons to multiple neural circuits in the brain. However, the present use of recombinant strains of PRV expressing different reporters that are driven by different promoters, inserted in different regions of the viral genome, and detected by different methods limits the potential of these recombinant virus strains as useful reagents. We previously constructed and characterized PRV152, a PRV-Bartha derivative that expresses the enhanced green fluorescent protein. The development of a strain isogenic to PRV152 and differing only in the fluorescent reporter would have great utility for dual transsynaptic tracing. In this report, we describe the construction, characterization, and application of strain PRV614, a PRV-Bartha derivative expressing a novel monomeric red fluorescent protein, mRFP1. In contrast to viruses expressing DsRed and DsRed2, PRV614 displayed robust fluorescence both in cell culture and in vivo following transsynaptic transport through autonomic circuits afferent to the eye. Transneuronal retrograde dual PRV labeling has the potential to be a powerful addition to the neuroanatomical tools for investigation of neuronal circuits; the use of strain PRV614 in combination with strain PRV152 will eliminate many of the pitfalls associated with the presently used pairs of PRV recombinants.
10

Soriano, Philippe. "Generalized lacZ expression with the ROSA26 Cre reporter strain." Nature Genetics 21, no. 1 (January 1999): 70–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/5007.

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Статті в журналах Дисертації Книги

Дисертації з теми "Reporter strain":

1

Majoor, Alissa. "Identification de composés immuno-stimulateurs anti-microbiens de nouvelle génération." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021COAZ6027.

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La Leishmaniose est une maladie tropicale négligée que l’on retrouve dans plus de 88 pays à travers le monde. On compte par an jusqu’à 1 000 000 de nouveaux cas, menant à près de 30 000 morts. Chez l’homme, il existe plusieurs formes de la maladie, allant d’une forme cutanée pouvant guérir spontanément, à la forme viscérale la plus grave.La leishmaniose viscérale est conférée par plusieurs espèces de leishmanies, dont L. infantum dans le pourtour du bassin Méditerranéen. Ce parasite dimorphique envahit les macrophages de ses hôtes notamment l’humain et le chien où il est responsable de la maladie. En l’absence de traitement, la leishmaniose viscérale est mortelle et les traitements existants aujourd’hui sont toxiques, coûteux, et font face à l’apparition croissante de résistances.Trouver de nouveaux traitements est donc aujourd’hui une priorité, et ce projet de thèse vise à identifier des alternatives naturelles aux molécules anti-Leishmania. En prenant une approche écologique, nous récupérons des déchets de la parfumerie et des plantes issues de la biodiversité locale et nous en testons les extraits sur les parasites afin d’identifier des composés immunostimulateurs, qui permettraient de favoriser une élimination du parasite par l’hôte. Afin de pouvoir suivre l’évolution au cours du temps d’une infection in vitro et/ou in vivo, nous avons également cherché à créer de nouveaux outils pour visualiser la présence du parasite Leishmania en développant de nouvelles souches rapportrices fluorescentes et bioluminescentes.Au cours de ma thèse, nous avons identifié une plante dont l’extrait favorise l’élimination de la forme amastigote intracellulaire retrouvée dans les macrophages hôtes. A l’aide de nos collaborateurs à l’Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN), nous avons réalisé un fractionnement bioguidé et obtenu des sous-fractions de cette plante ainsi que des molécules pures capables d’éliminer le parasite Leishmania infantum.Une seule molécule, dont le nom est soumis à confidentialité pour des raisons de dépôt de brevet, a montré un effet sur le parasite intracellulaire, sans montrer de toxicité. Cette dernière module la sécrétion de cytokines de la cellule hôte. Actuellement, l’étude de 20 dérivés structuraux de cette molécule est en cours. Des études préliminaires chez la souris ont permis de montrer que la prise de cette molécule par voie orale, de façon préventive, pouvait diminuer la charge parasitaire dans l’animal.Nous avons en parallèle développé la construction de nouvelles souches rapportrices de Leishmania exprimant la luciférase teLuc, le fluorophore rouge mRuby ou rouge lointain mMaroon1, et des souches exprimant fluorescence et bioluminescence, eFFly-mCherry. Cette dernière construction a été intégrée dans 3 espèces différentes de leishmanies : L. infantum, responsable de leishmaniose viscérale, L. major responsable de leishmaniose cutanée, et L. tarentolae qui est une souche non pathogène pour l’homme
Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease found in more than 88 countries around the world. There are up to 1,000,000 new cases per year, leading to nearly 30,000 deaths. In humans, there are several forms of the disease, ranging from a cutaneous form that can heal spontaneously, to the most severe visceral form.Visceral leishmaniasis is conferred by several species of Leishmania, including L. infantum around the Mediterranean basin. This dimorphic parasite invades the macrophages of its hosts, particularly humans and dogs, in which it is responsible for the disease. Left untreated, visceral leishmaniasis is fatal, and treatments available today are toxic, expensive, and face growing resistance.Finding new treatments is therefore a priority, and this thesis project aims to identify natural alternatives to anti-leishmanial molecules. By taking an ecological approach, we recover waste from the perfumery industry and plants from the local biodiversity. We then test the extracts on the parasites in order to identify immunostimulatory compounds, which would favor promotion of elimination of the parasite by the host’s own immune system. In order to follow the evolution over time of the infection in vitro and/or in vivo, we have also sought to create new tools to visualize the presence of Leishmania parasites by developing new fluorescent and bioluminescent reporter strains.We have identified a plant whose extract promotes the elimination of the intracellular amastigote form found in host macrophages. With the help of our collaborators at the Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN), we performed a bioguided fractioning. We obtained sub-fractions of this plant as well as pure molecules capable of eliminating the parasite Leishmania infantum.One single molecule, whose name is confidential because of a pending patent registration, showed an effect on the intracellular parasite, without showing toxicity. It is capable of modulating the secretion of cytokines from the host cell. We are currently studying 20 structural derivatives of this molecule. Preliminary studies in mice have shown that taking this molecule orally, as a preventive measure, can reduce the parasite load in animals.In the meantime, we have developed the construction of new reporter strains of Leishmania expressing the luciferase teLuc, the red mRuby or far red mMaroon1 fluorophore, and strains expressing fluorescence and bioluminescence, eFFly-mCherry. This last construction has been integrated into 3 different species of Leishmania: L. infantum, responsible for visceral leishmaniasis, L. major responsible for cutaneous leishmaniasis, and L. tarentolae, which is a non-pathogenic strain for humans
2

Maoz, Ariel. "Biodiversity of anti-listerial microbial cheese ripening consortia and monitoring of a recombinant Yersinia enterocolitica reporter strain on soft cheese." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=968913113.

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3

Liss, Petronella Francina. "Cloning of the gfp (green fluorescent protein) gene downstream of the ldh promoter in a bacteriocin-sensitive strain of Lactobacillus sakei to serve as a reporter strain in bacteriocin studies." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53330.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Lactobacillus plantarum 285, isolated from sorghum beer, produces bacteriocin 285, which displays activity against several food spoilage organisms. For future application of bacteriocin 285 in the food industry, it was important to characterize the peptide and identify the genes encoding its production. The effect of bacteriocin 285 on sensitive cells was determined through the use of an indicator (sensitive) organism, Lactobacillus sakei DSM 20017. The indicator strain was genetically modified to express GFP (green fluorescent protein), with the aim of quantifying the antibacterial activity of bacteriocin 285 as a function of GFP fluorescence. Bacteriocin 285 proved to be identical to plantaricin 423 produced by L. plantarum 423. Plantaricin 423 is a class lIa bacteriocin and displays antimicrobial activity towards a broad spectrum of bacteria, including several food spoilage organisms. The sensitivity of L. sakei DSM 20017 towards antibacterial peptides produced by Lactobacillus curvatus DF38, L. plantarum 285, Lactobacillus casei LHS and Lactobacillus salivarius 241 is not limited to the growth stage of the organism. Cells remained sensitive to all four of these bacteriocins, from lag phase to late exponential growth. To inhibit growth of up to 90% of the cells of L. sakei DSM 20017, 1 AU/ml bacteriocin 285 (7 ng/ml) of partially purified bacteriocin 285 was required. However, to kill all viable cells of L. sakei DSM 20017, 16 AU/ml (110 ng/ml) of partially purified bacteriocin 285 was required. The gfpuv gene, encoding GFPuv, was cloned downstream of the Idh promoter and successfully expressed in L. sakei DSM 20017. However, GFPuv fluorescence could not be used as a direct method to quantify the antimicrobial activity of bacteriocin 285, since cells of strain DSM 20017 remained fluorescent for prolonged periods after treatment with lethal concentrations of the bacteriocin. The non-viability of the cells was confirmed with epifluorescence microscopy and a L1VE/DEAD® Baclight™ Bacterial Viability Probe. Cells that were stained with the viability probe indicated that the majority of untreated L. sakei DSM 20017 cells were viable. However, treatment of strain DSM 20017 with 16 AU/ml bacteriocin 285 rendered all visible cells non-viable.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Lactobacillus plantarum 285 wat uit sorgumbier geïsoleer is, produseer bakteriosien 285. Die bakteriosien toon aktiwiteit teen verskeie organismes wat voedselbederi veroorsaak. Vir toekomstige aanwending van bakteriosien 285 in die voedselindustrie was dit belangrik om die peptied te karakteriseer en die gene wat vir die produksie daarvan kodeer, te identifiseer. Die effek van bakteriosien 285 op sensitiewe selle is bepaal deur die gebruik van 'n indikator (sensitiewe)-organisme, Lactobacillus sakei DSM 20017. Die indikator-organisme is geneties verander om die GFP (groen fluoreserende proteïen) uit te druk. Die doel was om die antibakteriese aktiwiteit van bakteriosien 285 te kwantifiseer as 'n funksie van GFP fluorisensie. Bakteriosien 285 is identies aan plantarisien 423 wat deur L. plantarum 423 produseer word. Plantarisien 423 is 'n klas Iia bakteriosien en vertoon antimikrobiese aktiwiteit teenoor 'n wye verskeidenheid bakterieë, insluitende verskeie organismes wat voedsel bederf. Die sensitiwiteit van L. sakei DSM 20017 teenoor antibakteriese peptiede wat deur Lactobacillus cutveius DF38, L. plantarum 285, Lactobacillus casei LHS en Lactobacillus salivarius 241 geproduseer word, word nie beïnvloed deur die groeifase van die organisme nie. Selle het sensitief gebly teenoor al vier die bakteriosiene van sloer- tot laat eksponensiële groei. Om groei van tot 90% van L. sakei DSM 20017 selle te inhibeer, word 1 AU/ml (7 ng/ml) gedeeltelik gesuiwerde bakteriosien 285 benodig. Om alle lewensvatbare L. sakei DSM 20017 selle te dood, word 16 AU/ml (110 ng/ml) gedeeltelik gesuiwerde bakteriosien 285 benodig. Die gfpuv-geen, wat GFPuv kodeer is stroomaf van die Idh-promoter gekloneer en suksesvol in L. sakei DSM 20017 uitgedruk. GFPuv fluoresensie kon nie as direkte metode gebruik word om die antimikrobiese aktiwiteit van bakteriosien 285 te bepaal nie, aangesien die selle van L. sakei DSM 20017 fluoreserend gebly het lank na behandeling met dodelike konsentrasies van die bakteriosien. Die lewensvatbaarheid van die selle is bevestig deur epifluoresensiemikroskopie en 'n LlVE/DEAD® Bac/ight™ bakteriese lewensvatbaarheidspeiler. Selle van L. sakei DSM 20017 wat deur die peiler gekleur is, het gewys dat die meeste selle wat nie deur bakteriosien 285 behandel was nie, lewensvatbaar was. Behandeling van L. sakei DSM 20017 met 16 AU/ml bakteriosien 285 het al die sigbare selle gedood.
4

Hornung, Claudia Katharina [Verfasser], та Wolfgang [Akademischer Betreuer] Streit. "Violacein-producing Janthinobacterium sp. HH01 : Genome analysis revealed a novel α-hydroxyketone-sensing reporter-strain / Claudia Katharina Hornung. Betreuer: Wolfgang Streit". Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1042753822/34.

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5

Bellosi, Agustín. "Investigation of interleukin-13 immune responses in vivo using novel reporter mouse strains." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608822.

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6

Carnegie, Craig Robert. "Simulation of high strain rate deformation in structural polymeric foam : innovation report." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/98790/.

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Passenger safety within vehicles is a priority for automotive companies in order to meet both the regulations and customer expectations. The safety critical materials, those used for absorbing energy during a crash, are simulated with FEA in order to design and improve components and to reduce the requirement for physical testing, which in turn saves on development time and cost. The simulation capabilities of Jaguar Land Rover were identified as lacking in accuracy for energy absorbing materials. Quasi-static and dynamic testing of expanded polypropylene as coupon samples and vehicle components was carried out to assess their stress-strain responses, energy absorption capabilities and strain rate effects. Using the properties within FEA the mechanical behaviour of the material was predicted and validated against the physical testing. Updated material models were implemented back into Jaguar Land Rover that fully incorporate strain rate effects and contain reliable, traceable input data. The material models require stress-strain curves, density, material modulus and un-loading characteristics. A test methodology has been implemented into Jaguar Land Rover for characterising energy absorbing materials, something that was previously unavailable. This includes the use of three machines, a low strain rate Instron 5800R, a high strain rate Drop Tower and a Very High Strain rate (VHS) testing rig; each used to understand the effect of compression testing at a range of strain rates and under decelerating/constant velocity impact conditions. Energy absorbing materials were sourced from two foam manufacturers. It was shown that different manufacturer’s material performed differently, even when supplied to the same requirement and manufactured from the same precursor. Computed tomography under synchrotron radiation was utilised to inspect material differences, identifying possible causes for stress-strain changes under compression. From the images a 3D mesostructural model was created to predict the material performance during deformation. As a result Jaguar Land Rover procedures were changed, increasing FEA capabilities and increasing the utilisation of foam within the vehicle. New test procedures were implemented for characterising future energy absorbing materials. The simulation and computed tomography work will help towards the understanding of foam compression mechanisms.
7

Khatun, Mst Muslima. "Identification of gonial stem cells and Leydig cells in transgenic medaka (Oryzias latipes) reporter strains." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-118691.

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The mechanism to maintain stem cell properties and to exit into differentiation pathways is a pivotal question in stem cell research. Spermatogonia are the adult stem cells of the male germ line, which are used in biomedical research as a source of undifferentiated cells. The communication between germ line stem cells and specialized somatic cells (Sertoli cells and Leydig cells) plays important roles in stem cell maintenance, germ cell proliferation, and differentiation. With regard to the biology of stem cells and spermatogenesis, the medaka (Oryzias latipes) is used as a teleost model organism, and it is also used to assess the effects of endocrine disruptors on reproductive phenomena. However, the lack of suitable molecular markers hampers the detection, isolation and analysis of different testis cells including gonial stem cells and Leydig cells. Therefore, oct4, sox2 and cyp11b were chosen to create transgenic reporter lines for the labeling of stem cells and Leydig cells, respectively. The present study had the aim to examine the temporal and spatial expression of the respective genes during embryonic development and in adult gonads of the medaka, and to describe the application of these transgenic lines in stem cell biology and reproductive biology. The mCherry expression in transgenic fish of the line FSI-Tg(sox2-mCherry)17 marks embryonic stem cells, Leydig cells and interstitial cells in adult testis. Faithful EGFP and DsRed expression in transgenic reporters strains for oct4 and cyp11b mimics the endogenous expression of oct4/pou2 and cyp11b-protein, respectively. The reporter gene expression in the strains FSI-Tg(oct4-EGFP)9 and FSI-Tg(oct4-EGFP)A allows the visualization of oct4 positive cells during embryonic development, PGCs, early germ cells and adult gonial cells. The Leydig cells express brightly green or red fluorescence in the medaka strains FSI-Tg(cyp11b-EGFP)20 and FSI-Tg(cyp11b-DsRed)1434, respectively, allowing the easy identification of Leydig cells in adult testis. The oct4-EGFP reporter labels medaka embryonic and spermatogonial stem cells, in which the spermatogonial stem cells at the ends of the testicular lobules show brightly green fluorescence. The transgenic expression in stem cells is also shown in the flow plot of primary testis cells. The spermatogonia are the largest cells and have the strongest fluorescence, which decreased upon differentiation. Therefore, the oct4-EGFP reporter strains will provide an opportunity to detect and to isolate the EGFP expressing cells for transplantation. These strains will also facilitate further experiments on the effects of drugs or hypoxia on these cells, because the strongest EGFP expressing cells can be easily detected in transgenic lines. Labeling of Leydig cells in cyp11b reporter lines opens a new area to study the seasonal variation of spermatogenesis. The medaka is a seasonal breeder in its natural habitat and the simulation of seasonal changes allows the simultaneous quantitative analysis of oct4-EGFP and cyp11b-DsRed expressing cells under such conditions.
8

Geller, Lucas Scott. "Strategic clarity and strategic ambiguity news reports on the Taiwan Strait Issue in Official Sino-American media, a case study of comparative media /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1243625197.

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9

Humphreys, Christopher Michael. "The generation of neurotoxin-minus reporter strains of Clostridium botulinum to facilitate the development of intervention and preservation systems in food." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.659216.

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Clostridium botulinum is an anaerobic, endospore-forming, Gram-positive species comprising four distinct groups (I, Il, Ill, and IV) based on physiological and metabolic characteristics, that all share the ability to secrete an exceptionally potent neurotoxin, the causative agent of the potentially fatal paralytic condition known as "botulism". Food-borne botulism arises when C. botulinum. spores are able to contaminate food to be sealed inside anaerobic packaging, where the spores are then able to germinate, grow and elaborate toxin. Due to the potential severity of the condition, C. botulinum has remained the principal target for the food processing industry for over a century, prompting a heavy emphasis on research into increasing the efficacy and efficiency of intervention and preservation systems. Due principally to the extreme potency of the neurotoxin and its potential for use in bioterrorism, the government has labelled the Botulinum Neurotoxin as a category A Select Agent. This fact, alongside the necessary safety measures required to safely manipulate the organism, restricts the use of the C. botulinum to only a handful of specialised research facilities, resulting in the need for a surrogate organism for routine development of intervention and preservation systems in food. This study outlines the development of novel genetic tools, and subsequent generation and characterisation of a neurotoxin negative reporter variant of a representative Group I strain of Clostridium botulinum, suitable for use in the assessment of the efficacy of current and novel commercial food preservation techniques on the ability of the strain to survive, grow and elaborate toxin.
10

Khatun, Mst Muslima [Verfasser], Alexander Akademischer Betreuer] Froschauer, Herwig [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutzeit, and Elly [Akademischer Betreuer] Tanaka. "Identification of gonial stem cells and Leydig cells in transgenic medaka (Oryzias latipes) reporter strains / Mst. Muslima Khatun. Gutachter: Herwig O. Gutzeit ; Elly Tanaka. Betreuer: Alexander Froschauer." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1068153288/34.

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Книги з теми "Reporter strain":

1

Kincaid, Harold L. National Fish Strain Registry-Trout: Species tables of reported strains and broodstocks. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2001.

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L, Kincaid Harold, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service., and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. National Fish Strain Registry-Trout: Species tables of reported strains and broodstocks. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1997.

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Kincaid, Harold L. National Fish Strain Registry-Trout: Species tables of reported strains and broodstocks. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2001.

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4

Kincaid, Harold L. National Fish Strain Registry-Trout: Species tables of reported strains and broodstocks. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2001.

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5

L, Kincaid Harold, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service., and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. National Fish Strain Registry-Trout: Species tables of reported strains and broodstocks. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1997.

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6

Kincaid, Harold L. National Fish Strain Registry, Catfish (NFSR-C): Species tables on reported strains and broodstocks. Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2000.

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7

Geological Survey (U.S.). Biological Resources Division. and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service., eds. National fish strain registry, paddlefish and sturgeon (NFSR-PS): Species tables on reported strains and broodstocks. [Wellsboro, Pa: U.S.G.S. Research and Development Laboratory, Biological Resources Division, 1999.

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8

Kincaid, Harold L. National Fish Strain Registry-Perch and Pike (NFSR-PP): Species tables of reported populations and broodstocks. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2001.

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9

Kincaid, Harold L. National Fish Strain Registry-Perch and Pike (NFSR-PP): Species tables of reported populations and broodstocks. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2001.

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10

Kincaid, Harold L. National Fish Strain Registry-Perch and Pike (NFSR-PP): Species tables of reported populations and broodstocks. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2001.

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Частини книг з теми "Reporter strain":

1

Kim, Gyeong-Nam, and Young Hoon Sung. "The Genetic Basis of Reporter Mouse Strains." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 551–64. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6064-8_21.

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2

Morales, Yonis, and Rolando Grajeda. "Virulence genes of new population of coffee rust (Hemileia vastatrix) affecting coffee variety 'Lempira', in Honduras; resistant and susceptible varieties." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change, 338–43. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0035.

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Abstract The coffee variety 'Lempira', released in Honduras in 1998, was classified 100% resistant to races I and II of coffee rust identified by Portugal's Centre for Research into Coffee Rusts (Centro de Investigação das Ferrugens do Cafeeiro) (CIFC) in 1997. However, since 2007, the disease has been reported in seed foundation plots and producer farms, the most recent epidemic report being in April 2016 in Vegas de Jalan, Juticalpa Olancho, affecting 210 ha. Since this variety constitutes 45% of the cultivated area under coffee in the country, there is a need to identify the virulence genes of the new strain and to determine the resistance and susceptibility of other cultivated varieties. For these purposes, mass samples of rust were inoculated on leaf discs of the differential clones 1343/269, 110/5, 147/1, 152/3, 33/1, 419/20, 832/1 and 832/2, together with 87/1, 1006/10, 420/10 and 420/2 from the Federal University of Vicosa, as well as on the two main cultivated resistant varieties ('Parainema' and 'IHCAFE- 90'), and seven promising genotypes, under controlled temperature conditions and relative humidity. After 20-60 days of inoculation, seven virulence genes were identified (v1, v2, v4, v5, v6, v7, v9), of which v1, v4, v6, v7 and v9 had not been reported in Honduras previously. It is inferred that this rust population arose by recombination of race v5 with v6, v7 or v9. Races with 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 virulence determinants were identified as the most complex and aggressive strains described but they lacked the v3 and v8 determinants. In addition, it was found that 'Parainema', 'H27', 'T5296-170', 'Central American', 'Pacamara yellow' and 'Anacafe-14' are resistant because they possess the SH8 gene, absent from 'Lempira'. 'IHCAFE-90' and 'Obatá' showed 20% susceptibility, and 'Ruiru 11' was susceptible. The results reveal the diversity of rust virulence genes in Honduras and emphasize the importance of the SH3 and SH8 genes as sources of resistance.
3

Lovell, Kathryn L., Mei Zhu, Meghan C. Drummond, Robert C. Switzer, and Karen H. Friderici. "Distribution and Severity of Neuropathology in β-Mannosidase-Deficient Mice is Strain Dependent." In JIMD Reports, 73–81. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/8904_2013_258.

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4

Koene, Saskia, Paul de Laat, Doorlène H. van Tienoven, Gert Weijers, Dennis Vriens, Fred C. G. J. Sweep, Janneke Timmermans, Livia Kapusta, Mirian C. H. Janssen, and Jan A. M. Smeitink. "Serum GDF15 Levels Correlate to Mitochondrial Disease Severity and Myocardial Strain, but Not to Disease Progression in Adult m.3243A>G Carriers." In JIMD Reports, 69–81. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/8904_2015_436.

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5

Kalveram, A. B., R. Trimpop, and B. Kracke. "Stressreduktion bei familiärer und beruflicher Doppelbelastung — Das Projekt StrAFF bei VW." In Fehlzeiten-Report 2003, 195–211. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07193-9_13.

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6

Solomon, Natalie Leah, and Vlad Manea. "Quantifying Energy and Fatigue: Classification and Assessment of Energy and Fatigue Using Subjective, Objective, and Mixed Methods towards Health and Quality of Life." In Quantifying Quality of Life, 79–117. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94212-0_4.

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AbstractEnergy and fatigue carry important implications for vitality and overall quality of life. Lacking energy and experiencing fatigue can be both burdensome as well as adaptive. This chapter first classifies energy and fatigue and then reviews their measurement. This chapter closes with opportunities for future directions.Energy and fatigue are present under varying conditions including in daily performance, during and after acute physical or mental strain (capacity), and in the context of chronic conditions. Energy and fatigue have been measured both subjectively and objectively. Subjective outcomes can be derived from self-reported scales and prompts; objective outcomes may be derived from performance and capacity tasks and technology-reported physiological, biological, and behavioural markers. The scales and tasks employed to measure energy have been traditionally validated but may lack daily life context and ecological validity. Prompts and behavioural monitoring methods are emerging as promising alternatives.Energy and fatigue have also been routinely monitored for specific diseases and occupations. However, fewer studies monitor healthy individuals through consumer technology in daily life contexts. More research is needed for an objective, unobtrusive, longitudinal, and contextual measurement of energy and fatigue in the healthy general population, in service of improving health, wellbeing, and quality of life.
7

Schächinger, H., W. Langewitz, H. Rüddel, and W. Schulte. "The Relationship Between Self-Reported Emotional Strain and Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Heart Rate." In Temporal Variations of the Cardiovascular System, 297–304. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02748-6_19.

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8

Yafee, Laurence G. "The Electroweak Phase Transition: A Status Report." In String Gravity and Physics at the Planck Energy Scale, 493–506. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0237-4_21.

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9

Taylor, Martin C., Amanda F. Francisco, Shiromani Jayawardhana, Gurdip Singh Mann, Alexander I. Ward, Francisco Olmo, Michael D. Lewis, and John M. Kelly. "Exploiting Genetically Modified Dual-Reporter Strains to Monitor Experimental Trypanosoma cruzi Infections and Host-Parasite Interactions." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 147–63. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9148-8_11.

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10

d’Abbs, Peter, and Nicole Hewlett. "Case Study of Community-Led Alcohol Restrictions: The Fitzroy Valley." In Learning from 50 Years of Aboriginal Alcohol Programs, 175–86. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0401-3_6.

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AbstractIn his 2010 Social Justice Report, the then Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Justice Commissioner, Mick Gooda, described the events behind what he called a transformation from ‘community crisis to community control’ in the Fitzroy Valleyin the Kimberley, WA. Here, we reproduce the Commissioner’s account of the first of two key components of this transformation: the introduction in 2007 of community-led restrictions on sales of take-away alcohol. The second component—the creation of a community-led strategy to reduce high levels of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders(FASD) in the community—is described below in Chap. 8. Both of these initiatives remain in place at the time of preparing this book in 2023.

Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Reporter strain":

1

Kawano, Hiroshi, Kazuya Koyama, Haruka Nishimura, Yuko Toyoda, Kozo Kagawa, Seidai Sato, Nobuhito Naito, Hisatsugu Goto, Yutaka Inagaki, and Yasuhiko Nishioka. "Development of improved method to identify and analyze lung fibrocytes with flow cytometry in a reporter mouse strain." In ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa993.

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2

Malicky, David M., Louis J. Soslowsky, Michael J. Bey, Cameron M. Mouro, and John E. Kuhn. "Strain Fields of the Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament Surface in a Subluxed Shoulder: A Stereoradiogrammetric Study." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0013.

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Abstract The inferior glenohumeral ligament serves as a critical restraint to anteroinferior dislocation. This study utilizes a biomechanical model to determine the strain field in the inferior glenohumeral ligament (IGHL) in a subluxed shoulder. Spherical lead object markers were carefully attached to the IGHL surface in a grid pattern. Two capsular configurations were used for strain field calculations: a “nominal” state and a “strained” state. For the nominal state, the capsule was inflated in neutral rotation with low pressure air. For the strained state, the humerus was externally rotated and anteroinferiorly subluxed. Stereoradiographs were taken of both configurations and markers digitized. Three-dimensional coordinates of object markers were reconstructed and strain fields calculated. Maximum principal strains on the glenoid side of the IGHL were significantly greater than the humeral side, and strain fields were highly variable over the region studied. This study reports an accurate method for measuring planar strains in a three-dimensional membrane.
3

Arumugam, Udayasankar, David Z. Kendrick, Sergio Limo´n-Tapia, and Ming Gao. "An Approach for Evaluating and Prioritizing Dents for Remediation as Reported by ILI Tools." In 2010 8th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2010-31401.

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Analytical and experimental methods exist to help in the determination of critical strain levels for plain dents. Government regulations and industry standards require ranking the severity of dents reported by ILI tools for excavation primarily based on depth. These requirements also allow the use of engineering critical analysis methods to demonstrate that critical strain levels are not exceeded. This paper discusses the use of a laser mapping tool in conjunction with a modified method for determining static strains for prioritization and remediation of plain dents. The development of a correlation factor based on the examination of 6 dents and their respective ILI reports is presented and discussed. The application of the severity correlation factor to the remaining dents reported in the pipe section for their prioritization for remediation is also presented.
4

Wang, Yong-Yi, Ming Liu, Yaoshan Chen, and David Horsley. "Effects of Geometry, Temperature, and Test Procedure on Reported Failure Strains From Simulated Wide Plate Tests." In 2006 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2006-10497.

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Wide plate test is a valuable tool in the assessment of pipeline girth weld integrity. It has been used for welding procedure qualification and for the validation of theoretically based defect assessment procedures. Although the general form of the test has remained largely unchanged over the years, the size of the test specimen, strain measurement, and test procedure, has had some variations. The influence of these variables has not been adequately examined. While this might be acceptable for tests targeted for stress-based design in which a general pass/no-pass answer is desired, the requirements for data accuracy and consistency for strain-based design are much higher. Understanding the variability of the test data is critical for high strain applications. This paper examines the effects of test geometry, mainly the length to width ratio, on the reported failure strains, assuming material’s failure process remains the same. The influence of different strain measdurement procedures, such as the location and gage length of LVDTs (Linear Variable Displacement Transducer), is assessed for different materials and weld strength mismatch levels. The other consideration is the influence of temperature fields on the cold test data. The postulated cold tests use either local cooling at the location of the weld defect or uniform cooling. In the case of local cooling, the gage length of the LVDTs covers materials of different temperatures. Consequently the reported failure strains are affected by the distribution of the temperature fields. The effects of the temperature fields on the reported tensile failure strains are examined.
5

Freire, J. L. F., V. E. L. Paiva, G. L. G. Gonzáles, R. D. Vieira, J. E. Maneschy, A. L. F. S. D’Almeida, and A. S. Ribeiro. "Fatigue Assessment and Monitoring of a Dented Pipeline Specimen." In ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93663.

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Abstract The present paper reports initial results from an investigation program launched with the objective of presenting combinations of analytical, experimental and numerical methods to predict and monitor fatigue initiation and fatigue damage progression in equipment such as pressure vessels, tanks, piping and pipelines with dents or complex shaped anomalies. The monitoring of fatigue initiation and propagation in the actual specimens used nondestructive infrared inspection techniques. Thermoelasticity stress analysis (TSA), three-dimensional digital image correlation (3D-DIC) and fiber optic Bragg strain gages (FBSG) were used to determine strains at fatigue hot spots locations. Strain fields determined from the experimental measurements and from finite element analysis (FEA) were combined with the fatigue Coffin-Manson strain-life equation and the Miner’s fatigue damage rule to predict fatigue life (Nc). Results from one tested 3 m long tubular specimen containing a complex shaped dent are reported and fully analyzed.
6

Koren, U., M. Oron, M. G. Young, B. I. Miller, J. L. De Miguel, G. Raybon, and M. Chien. "Low Threshold Strained Quantum Well Lasers at 1.5 Micron Wavelength." In Integrated Photonics Research. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ipr.1990.pd3.

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InGaAs/InGaAsP multiple quantum well (MQW) lasers at 1.3-1.5 micron wavelength have yielded several advantages over bulk lasers at this wavelength range, such as low internal loss , high quantum efficiency, low threshold current operation and small linewidth enhancement factors [1-3]. There have been several reports predicting that further improvements are possible by employing strained layer quantum wells [4,5], as the effective mass of holes in the heavy hole sub-band of quantum well layers can be significantly reduced in the plane of the wells by compressive strain. This should result in lower threshold currents and other improvements of the laser parameters. Recently, the operation of InGaAs /InGaAsP strained layer MQW lasers at 1.5 micron was reported [6] with efficiency and output powers similar to the high values reported previously for unstrained MQW lasers. However, the expected reduction in threshold current and linewidth enhancement factor have not been observed.
7

Smith, D. Barton, and Jerry G. Williams. "Monitoring Axial Strain in Synthetic Fiber Mooring Ropes Using Polymeric Optical Fibers." In ASME 2003 22nd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2003-37402.

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Synthetic fiber ropes constructed of polyester are providing an important new technology for mooring deep-water drilling and production platforms. Considerable effort is being directed toward advancing and qualifying this enabling and cost-effective technology. To date, synthetic fiber mooring ropes have been successfully deployed in Brazil and they have seen limited service in the Gulf of Mexico. Synthetic fiber mooring ropes have high strength-to-weight ratios and possess adequate stiffness, but they are much more susceptible to damage than their steel counterparts. Future safe deployment of synthetic fiber mooring ropes would be significantly enhanced if a reliable technique were available to monitor the performance of the ropes in service and thus provide an early warning of the loss of structural integrity. Test data in the open literature indicates that the strain in the rope at failure is essentially a constant independent of load path or history. Measurement of the accumulated strain in the rope should thus provide a reliable benchmark with which to estimate the remaining life and establish criteria for rope recertification or retirement. This paper discusses the results of research and development activities aimed at developing a reliable, robust method for monitoring strain in braided and twisted strand Synthetic Fiber Mooring Ropes [1]. The strain transducer is a polymeric optical fiber, integrated into the mooring rope and interrogated with Optical Time-Domain Reflectometry (OTDR) to measure changes in its length as the optical fiber and rope are stressed. The method provides a direct measurement of large axial strains. Strains measured in polymeric optical fibers exhibit good one-to-one correlation with applied strains within the test range studied (10% or less, typically). The integrated polymeric optical fiber has been shown to withstand large numbers of repeated cycles to high strains without failure and to accurately track the hysteresis exhibited by polyester rope. Results are reported for tests conducted with polymeric optical fibers integrated into typical mooring rope elements.
8

McCallum, D. S., A. N. Cartwright, Thomas F. Boggess, Arthur L. Smirl, T. S. Moise, L. J. Guido, and R. C. Barker. "Magnitude and Evolution of Piezo-electric Nonlinearities in (111)-Oriented Strained Multiple Quantum Wells." In Nonlinear Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.wd3.

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Extremely large optical nonlinearities have been predicted1 in strained quantum wells and superlattices composed of zincblende materials grown on substrates oriented in directions other than (100). In such materials, the strain produces a piezo-electric field along the growth direction, which Stark shifts the excitonic resonances to lower energies. The nonlinearity then arises from a blue shift of the exciton as this strain-induced field is screened by the redistribution of photogenerated charge within the quantum wells. Recently, the existence and screening of these fields has been demonstrated2,3 and the first measurements of the optical nonlinearity reported4. Specifically, in the latter studies4, optical nonlinearities were measured in In0.15Ga0.85As/GaAs multiple quantum wells oriented in the (211) direction that were approximately one order of magnitude larger than those of a similar structure grown in the (100) direction and roughly an order of magnitude larger than those previously reported in multiple quantum well structures.
9

Babilio, Enrico, and Stefano Lenci. "A Simple Total-Lagrangian Finite-Element Formulation for Nonlinear Behavior of Planar Beams." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85622.

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The present contribution reports some preliminary results obtained applying a simple finite element formulation, developed for discretizing the partial differential equations of motion of a novel beam model. The theoretical model we are dealing with is geometrically exact, with some peculiarities in comparison with other existing models. In order to study its behavior, some numerical investigations have already been performed through finite difference schemes and other methods and are reported in previous contributions. Those computations have enlightened that the model under analysis turns out to be quite hard to handle numerically, especially in dynamics. Hence, we developed ad hoc the total-lagrangian finite-element formulation we report here. The main differences between the theoretical model and its numerical formulation rely on the fact that in the latter the absolute value of the shear angle is assumed to remain much smaller than unity, and strains are piecewise constant along the beam. The first assumption, which actually simplifies equations, has been taken on the basis of results from previous integrations, mainly through finite difference schemes, which clearly showed that, while other strains can achieve large values in their range of admissibility, shear angle actually remains small. The second assumption led us to define a two-nodes constant-strain finite element, with a fast convergence, in terms of number of elements versus solution accuracy. Although, at the present stage of this ongoing research, we have only early results from finite elements, they appear encouraging and start to shed new light on the behavior of the beam model under analysis.
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Considine, J. M., C. T. Scott, R. Gleisner, and J. Y. Zhu. "Use of Digital Image Correlation to Study the Local Deformation Field of Paper and Paperboard." In Advances in Paper Science and Technology, edited by S. J. I’Anson. Fundamental Research Committee (FRC), Manchester, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/frc.2005.1.613.

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Digital image correlation was used to measure the full-field deformation of paperboard and handsheet tensile specimens. The correlation technique was able to accurately measure strain in regions 0.6 by 0.6 mm. Results showed the variation of strain to be much larger than has been previously reported. For machine-made paperboard tested in the cross-direction, the variation of strain increased throughout the tensile test and became erratic near failure, indicating many local failures. The measured strain distribution can be characterized by a Weibull function in agreement with weak-link failure theories. The analysis of a handsheet tensile specimen with a low-grammage region, approximately 4mm wide, showed large negative strains near the region’s edge.

Звіти організацій з теми "Reporter strain":

1

Shani, Moshe, and C. P. Emerson. Genetic Manipulation of the Adipose Tissue via Transgenesis. United States Department of Agriculture, April 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604929.bard.

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The long term goal of this study was to reduce caloric and fat content of beef and other red meats by means of genetic modification of the animal such that fat would not be accumulated. This was attempted by introducing into the germ line myogenic regulatory genes that would convert fat tissue to skeletal muscle. We first determined the consequences of ectopic expression of the myogenic regulatory gene MyoD1. It was found that deregulation of MyoD1 did not result in ectopic skeletal muscle formation but rather led to embryonic lethalities, probably due to its role in the control of the cell cycle. This indicated that MyoD1 should be placed under stringent control to allow survival. Embryonic lethalities were also observed when the regulatory elements of the adipose-specific gene adipsin directed the expression of MyoD1 or myogenin cDNAs, suggesting that these sequences are probably not strong enough to confer tissue specificity. To determine the specificity of the control elements of another fat specific gene (adipocyte protein 2-aP2), we fused them to the bacterial b-galactosidase reporter gene and established stable transgenic strains. The expression of the reporter gene in none of the strains was adipose specific. Each strain displayed a unique pattern of expression in various cell lineages. Most exciting results were obtained in a transgenic strain in which cells migrating from the ventro-lateral edge of the dermomyotome of developing somites to populate the limb buds with myoblasts were specifically stained for lacZ. Since the control sequences of the adipsin or aP2 genes did not confer fat specificity in transgenic mice we have taken both molecular and genetic approaches as an initial effort to identify genes important in the conversion of a multipotential cell such as C3H10T1/2 cell to adipoblast. Several novel adipocyte cell lines have been established that differ in the expression of transcription factors of the C/EBP family known to be markers for adipocyte differentiation. These studies revealed that one of the genetic programming changes which occur during 10T1/2 conversion from multipotential cell to a committed adipoblast is the ability to linduce C/EBPa gene expression. It is expected that further analysis of this gene would identify elements which regulate this lineage-specific expression. Such elements might be good candidates in future attempts to convert adipoblasts to skeletal muscle cells in vivo.
2

Holden, T., R. Hosbons, and J. Root. CWI1988-Andi-21 Neutron Diffraction of Axial Residual Strains Near a Circumferential Crack. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011391.

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The intent of the experiments reported here was to measure the axial residual strain at the 6:00 position of a girth-weld in the presence of a crack which had propagated a few millimeters from the inside diameter of the llnepipe. The linepipe, 914 mm diameter and average thickness 16.2 mm had been previously examined at Chalk River and the strains at the 1:30, 6:00 and 10:30 positions had been measured prior to the introduction of the crack. Large changes in the level of axial residual strain and introduction of strong through-wall strain gradients are observed on re- welding 16 mm line pipe with wet cellulose electrodes. Ahead of the crack, in the mid-wall the strains correspond to yield stresses. Compressive strains are noted behind the crack and at the outside diameter. The tensile strains at the mid-wall remain very large around the circumference beyond the crack.
3

Kiefner. L51515 Monitoring and Intervention on Pipelines in Mining Subsidence Areas. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010411.

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Longwall mining can constitute a threat to the integrity of a pipeline by way of surface subsidence and soil strains. The subsidence and soil strain phenomena associated with longwall mining have been studied in detail both in the United Kingdom and the United States. Empirically-based methods are available to predict both subsidence and surface soil strains. These methods can be used to estimate the possible effects of subsidence on buried pipelines. The objectives of this study were to review the effects of longwall mining subsidence on pipelines and to develop concepts for preserving the integrity of pipelines affected by such subsidence. Presented in this report is a discussion of the subsidence phenomena and terminology, calculations for hypothetical settlement cases, the appropriate monitoring and intervention responses with respect to any possible effects on a pipeline, and examples of actual pipeline monitoring experience. A suitable strain monitoring technique is described in this report.
4

McKinnon. PR-454-134505-R01 Strain-based Design and Assessment - Integrity Management. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), July 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010866.

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The objective is to develop an integrity management approach that would meet industry needs and could be the basis for codes and standards development by relevant pipeline code commit-tees. The approach is to collaborate with the PRCI SBDA committee to come up with a frame-work that could meet industry�s needs to ensure the safe and reliable operation of pipelines that may be subjected to significant ground deformations. This report contains a detailed review of existing integrity management codes and pipeline design codes to establish the guidance that is available for the integrity management of pipelines that have been designed using strain-based design methods. It covers integrity management of high strains in new and existing onshore and offshore pipelines. This report presents a review of the main causes of high strains and describes the critical limit states considered in strain-based design, which may also be used to evaluate a pipelines continu-ing fitness for service after a high strain event. It describes the tasks that can be performed dur-ing each phase of a project to ensure the integrity of a new Strain Based design (SBD) pipeline. The additional integrity challenges associated with a high strain event in an existing non-SBD pipeline are presented. A detailed review of the capability of existing in-line tools to measure axial and bending strain is presented. Preliminary reviews of available external tools and technology that can be used to es-tablish the material properties of the line pipe and weld material, which are needed to establish the fitness for service of an existing non-strain-based design pipeline, is presented. A preliminary review of the methods used to detect and measure defects in girth welds and confirm that the allowable defect size has not been exceeded, is also presented. A flowchart covering the key actions and decisions to be made by a pipeline operator in the event of a high strain event is also included. This report presents recommendations for future study and development work based on the guidance and technology gaps identified during the study.
5

Yoosef-Ghodsi, Ozkan, and Bandstra. PR-244-114501-R01 Review of Compressive Strain Capacity Assessment Methods Final Report. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010402.

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Buried pipelines subjected to non-continuous ground movement such as frost heave, thaw settlement, slope instability and seismic movement experience high compressive strains that can cause local buckling (or wrinkling), in which the pipe wall buckles like a thin cylindrical shell in axial compression. In a strain-based design and assessment framework, excessive local buckling deformation that may cause loss of serviceability, or even pressure containment in some cases, is managed by limiting the strain demand below the strain limit. The determination of compressive strain limit is typically performed by full-scale structural testing or nonlinear finite element analysis that takes into account material and geometric non-linearity associated with the inelastic buckling of cylindrical shells. Before performing testing and numerical analysis (or when such options do not exist), empirical equations are used to estimate the strain limit. In this report a number of representative equations were evaluated by comparing strain limit predictions to full-scale test results. Work prior to this study has identified the importance of key variables that have the greatest impact on the local buckling behaviour. Examples of these variables include the diameter-to-thickness (D/t) ratio, internal pressure and shape of the stress strain curve. The evaluation focused on how existing equations address these key variables, and the performance with respect to key variables and in different ranges.
6

Alexander, Chris, and Atul Ganpatye. PR652-203801-R03 Full-scale Testing to Evaluate the Performance of Large Standoff Magnetometry. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012203.

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This report documents the full-scale testing efforts undertaken to evaluate the capabilities and limitations of Large Standoff Magnetometry (LSM) technology from the perspective of quantifying stresses or strains in a pipeline subjected to geohazard loading conditions. The fundamental motivation behind this project is motivated by the need for developing LSM as a global non-destructive evaluation (NDE) technique to supplement the traditional approach for estimating pipeline curvature/strain in geohazard loading scenarios. The goal of the full-scale testing was to bend a representative, real-world pipe sample to predetermined loading/deflection levels, scan the bent pipe using LSM technologies from multiple vendors, and then compare the stress/strain results provided by the LSM results to those that are directly measured during the test - effectively validating the technology and increasing confidence in the use of LSM for pipeline curvature/strain measurement. The report discusses the basis of the design for the full-scale testing setup, measured data during the tests, and the LSM results provided by the two vendors (Speir Hunter and Transkor). The discussion provided in this document will be valuable for operators in understanding applicability, gaps, and potential improvements in the LSM technology in the context of curvature/strain estimation originating from geohazard loading conditions. Related webinar.
7

Holden, T., J. Root, and R. Hosbons. CWI1988-Andi-12 Neutron Diffraction of Axial Residual Strains in the Vicinity of a Girth Weld. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), April 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011390.

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Recent research has shown that neutron diffraction is a practical non-destructive method for determining residual strains in the vicinity of a girth weld in line pipe. The basis of the technique is that the distance between planes of atoms is used as a miniature, directional, internal strain gauge, just as for X-ray measurements. However, the penetration of neutrons into metals ls from 1000 to 10,000 times greater than that of X-rays, so that measurements may easily be made throughout the thickness of steel pipe including the region of the weld itself. The purpose of the present measurements was to characterize the axial residual strains remaining in linepipe after two pieces had been joined with a girth weld. This report summarizes the measurements of the axial residual strains in each of two pipes of thickness 11 and 16 mm at the 6:00, 1:30 and 10:00 positions.
8

Soret, Clement, Melissandre Bonnaudet, and Mures Zarea. PR-306-143732-R01 Adv Material Charact of Dent and Gouge Samples Imprvd Strain Eval. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011544.

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This report provides a more accurate micro-hardness vs. strain correlation based on the larger strains achievable with interrupted tensile tests on notched specimens from two modern steels des-ignated as Pipe #1 and Pipe #2 and two vintage steels designated as Pipe #3 and Pipe #4. These pipes were used to evaluate the mechanical strength of dent and gouge defects in PRCI projects MD-4-1, MD-4-6 and DOT #339. Interrupted tensile tests were performed on specimens with dif-ferent geometries, which allowed to identify accurate parameters for a constitutive mechanical be-havior law that represents both pipe materials. Then FE numerical simulation was used to determine plastic strains levels from diameter reduction of the specimens observed during interrupted tensile tests.
9

Turner, R. D. PR-255-9616-R01 Fibre Optic Technology-Based Pipeline Structural Integrity Monitoring System. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012147.

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Increasingly, pipelines in unstable terrain are being monitored as a supplement to design stage integrity measures. The quantities monitored most often are strains and displacements. This report reviews an ongoing development program of a distributed fibre optic technology-based pipeline strain monitoring system. The basis of a system and its components are described. Data from large-scale laboratory pipeline deflection tests are presented. Also presented are the results from a state-of-the-technology review. Finally, future development issues for the practical implementation of such a system are identified.
10

Wang, Chen, and Liu. L52054 Reliability Based Strain Design. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011196.

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The reliability-based procedure similar to that presented in this report is useful in risk-informed design and maintenance of pipelines.� It allows more effective use of new materials, construction practice, and maintenance procedures.� However, the reliability-based procedure presented in this report should be viewed as preliminary.� Further experimental validation is necessary if it were to be used in practice.

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