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Статті в журналах з теми "Repeated surveys"

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Park, Hyeon-Ah, Seong-Ryong Na, and Jong-Woo Jeon. "Nonresponse in Repeated Surveys." Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods 14, no. 3 (December 31, 2007): 593–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.5351/ckss.2007.14.3.593.

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Holt, D., and C. J. Skinner. "Components of Change in Repeated Surveys." International Statistical Review / Revue Internationale de Statistique 57, no. 1 (April 1989): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1403581.

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Thori Lind, Jo. "Repeated surveys and the Kalman filter." Econometrics Journal 8, no. 3 (November 25, 2005): 418–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1368-423x.2005.00172.x.

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Abraham, Bovas, and K. Vijayan. "Time series analysis for repeated surveys." Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation 21, no. 3 (January 1992): 893–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610919208813055.

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Ismail, Mohamed A., Hend A. Auda, and Yehia Ahmed Elzafrany. "On Time Series Analysis for Repeated Surveys." Journal of Statistical Theory and Applications 17, no. 4 (2018): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/jsta.2018.17.4.1.

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Ismail, Mohamed A., Hend A. Auda, and Yehia Ahmed Elzafrany. "On Time Series Analysis for Repeated Surveys." Journal of Statistical Theory and Applications 17, no. 4 (2018): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/jsta.2018.4.17.1.

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Chipperfield, James, and Philip Bell. "Embedded experiments in repeated and overlapping surveys." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society) 173, no. 1 (January 2010): 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-985x.2009.00602.x.

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Price, John. "The economics of repeated tube thickness surveys." International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 79, no. 8-10 (August 2002): 555–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0308-0161(02)00089-3.

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DeSanto, John B., David T. Sandwell, and C. David Chadwell. "Seafloor geodesy from repeated sidescan sonar surveys." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 121, no. 7 (July 2016): 4800–4813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016jb013025.

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Willemsen, Ina, Anneke Groenhuijzen, Diana Bogaers, Arie Stuurman, Peter van Keulen, and Jan Kluytmans. "Appropriateness of Antimicrobial Therapy Measured by Repeated Prevalence Surveys." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 51, no. 3 (January 8, 2007): 864–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00994-06.

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ABSTRACT Prudent use of antibiotics is mandatory to control antibiotic resistance. The objective of this study was to determine if prevalence surveys are useful tools to determine the appropriateness of antimicrobial therapy (AMT) and determinants of inappropriate AMT. The study was performed in a 1,350-bed teaching hospital including all medical specialities. Six consecutive 1-day prevalence surveys of in-patients were performed twice yearly from 2001 to 2004. Data on the demographics, infections, and AMT were gathered. The appropriateness of AMT was assessed according to a standardized algorithm based on the local AMT prescription guidelines. On average, 684 patients were included in each survey (total, 4,105). The use of AMT as determined in the prevalence survey corresponded to the annual data from the pharmacy department. Nine hundred thirty-eight (22.9%) of the patients received AMT, and in 351 (37.4%) of these patients AMT was inappropriate. Only 25 (0.6%) patients did not receive AMT, although it was indicated. After multivariate analysis, the use of quinolones was the only statistically significant variable associated with inappropriate use. Prevalence surveys proved to be useful tools to judge the appropriateness of AMT and to identify determinants of inappropriate use. This study shows that in a setting with a low use of AMT, there are few patients who inadvertently do not receive AMT. On the other hand, a substantial number of the patients are treated inappropriate.
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Дисертації з теми "Repeated surveys"

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Trujillo, Leonardo. "Benchmarking methods for repeated business surveys." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486432.

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Benchmarking corresponds to a combination of two sources of information on a given variable. In many situations, the problem consists of combining a series of frequent data with a series of less frequent but more accurate data for producing more accurate estimates of the former series. For example, estimates of population characteristics are derived from the last census and researchers re-estimate the values for the time gap between two censuses using more regular information. In what follows we focus in the .' problem of benchmarking monthly data with annual estimates; then, the benchmarking consists of forcing the sum of the monthly signals to equal the signal of the benchmark. Alternative estimators have been proposed in the literature for benchmarking. When the adjusted series agrees exactly with these benchmarks, the benchmarking is called binding. The binding process is implemented by setting the variance of. the annual survey errors to zero. However, it is necessary to account for the variance of the annual survey errors when computing the variances of the benchmarked estimators. In this thesis, we develop the theoretical expression of the correct variance as well as an expression for the excess in the variance due to the binding process. The results are extended to the most known bepchmarking methods proposed in the literature. An application to business surveys used for official statistics in the UK is presented, illustrating some particular issues regarding the state space modelling. Finally, the problem of how to prepare tabular data classified by attributes as columns and points in time as rows is analyzed. This multivariate extension of the benchmarking problem distinguishes two basic type of problems: when only marginal totals are available (contemporaneous disaggregation) and when the aggregates do not correspond with the sum of the disaggregated values by year and/or by attributes (reconciliation). The scope of this thesis is based basically in a state space model approach.
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Nascimento, Silva Denise Britz do. "Modelling compositional time series from repeated surveys." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243194.

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DeSanto, John B. "Measuring Seafloor Displacement Using Repeated Sidescan Sonar Surveys." Thesis, University of California, San Diego, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10978975.

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The purpose of this thesis is to propose and develop a novel tool for measuring seafloor displacement using repeated sidescan sonar surveys, a data set that is collected alongside multibeam bathymetry. Chapter 1 presents the motivation for this study and introduces the work done in subsequent chapters. Chapter 2 is a brief overview of the design and underlying physics of the multibeam sonar, and presents a discussion on the uncertainties introduced by errors in the sound velocity profile. Chapter 3 presents the processing method for measuring seafloor displacement from sidescan sonar in detail, and tests this method by measuring synthetic displacements introduced into legacy multibeam data. Chapter 4 presents data collected in calibration surveys during the RR1605 and SR1704 cruises meant to test this method. We find displacements measurements with RMS uncertainties less than 0.5 m under optimal survey designs involving speeds less than 6 knots, kinematic post-processed ship navigation, and frequent measurements of the sound velocity profile. Chapter 5 demonstrates the improvement in ship positioning obtained when performing kinematic post-processing on the raw ship navigation data rather than relying on the real-time navigation solution.

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Edenheim, Arvid. "Using Primary Dynamic Factor Analysis on repeated cross-sectional surveys with binary responses." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Artificiell intelligens och integrerade datorsystem, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-165580.

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With the growing popularity of business analytics, companies experience an increasing need of reliable data. Although the availability of behavioural data showing what the consumers do has increased, the access to data showing consumer mentality, what the con- sumers actually think, remain heavily dependent on tracking surveys. This thesis inves- tigates the performance of a Dynamic Factor Model using respondent-level data gathered through repeated cross-sectional surveys. Through Monte Carlo simulations, the model was shown to improve the accuracy of brand tracking estimates by double digit percent- ages, or equivalently reducing the required amount of data by more than a factor 2, while maintaining the same level of accuracy. Furthermore, the study showed clear indications that even greater performance benefits are possible.
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Salifu, Shani. "Detecting Satisficing in Online Surveys." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1326834864.

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Perkins, Drew Allen. "Evaluating Geomorphic Change in Little Creek Using Repeated Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Profile Surveys." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2012. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/711.

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Six geomorphic study reaches were established in 2002 along a forested mountain stream (gradients range from 0.02 to 0.05) on Cal Poly's Swanton Pacific Ranch in Santa Cruz County, California. These study reaches are a component of paired and nested watershed studies in the approximately 500 hectare Little Creek watershed. The overall goal of this study was to monitor water quality and channel conditions before, during, and after a selective harvest of redwood. A selective harvest occurred in the North Fork of Little Creek in Summer 2008. In August 2009, approximately 90% of the Little Creek Watershed was burned in the Lockheed Fire. Channel change was evaluated by measuring ground profiles using traditional survey methods. Cross section and longitudinal profiles are surveyed annually every summer in the six study reaches. Change is assessed through evaluation of cross sections and longitudinal profiles, analysis of bed elevation and cross-sectional area change data, and analysis of residual pool characteristics and longitudinal profile variability. Changes in the channel during this time have been relatively small and are typically associated with movement or introduction of coarse woody debris to the stream channel. However, during the study period no large stream flow events occurred (return interval at the closest USGS gauging station does not exceed 5 years). Historically, large debris flow events have occurred in this watershed, with well documented events in 1955 and 1998. The survey data is an important tool for understanding change detection in channel characteristics before and after harvesting, and following fire disturbance.
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Hadorn, Daniela. "Risk-based design of repeated surveys for the documentation of freedom from disease in national livestock populations in Switzerland /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.

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Pomerantz, Jeffrey. "A Repeated Survey Analysis of AskERIC User Survey Data, 1998-2002." Neal-Schuman Publishers, Inc, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106201.

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Four surveys of users of the AskERIC email reference service were conducted, during the years 1998, 2000, 2001, and 2002. These surveys presented a snapshot of the AskERIC user population and user satisfaction at a single point in time. This paper reanalyzes the findings from these surveys utilizing repeated survey techniques. This paper presents the evolution of some of the demographics of AskERICâ s user population over time, as well as the evolution of AskERIC user behavior. As perhaps the oldest AskA service in existence, this analysis of AskERIC data sheds light on the evolution of all AskA services, and of email-based reference services in general.
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Chen, Ying. "Balanced repeated replication variance estimators for survey data under imputation." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6950.

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Imputation is commonly used for missing data in sample surveys. Usually the imputed values are treated as true values and variance estimates are computed using standard variance formulas. But this procedure can lead to serious underestimation of the true variance. Rao and Shao (1992) proposed a new consistent jackknife variance estimator based on adjusting the imputed values. This thesis applies their idea to construct two adjusted Balanced Repeated Replication (BRR) variance estimators for stratified multistage surveys. Under a uniform response mechanism, the adjusted BRR variance estimators are shown to be consistent for a particular simple hot deck imputation and ratio hot deck imputation. Also, the relationship between jackknife variance estimators and BRR variance estimators which was established by Rao and Wu (1985) for completed data set, is shown to be still held for data set with imputed values. The performances of these variance estimates are compared through some simulation studies.
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Everson, Steven Paul. "Repeat offenders and repeat victims : mutual attraction or misfortune." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323659.

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Книги з теми "Repeated surveys"

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Firebaugh, Glenn. Analyzing repeated surveys. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications, 1997.

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Firebaugh, Glenn. Analyzing Repeated Surveys. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks California 91320 United States of America: SAGE Publications, Inc., 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412983396.

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Newitt, L. R. Guide for magnetic repeat station surveys. Boulder, CO: International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, 1996.

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Rounsavill, Brian Elliott. Newtown, past & present: A rephotographic survey for the Newtown Historic Association, Inc. Newtown, Pa: Newtown Historic Association, 2006.

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Heßling, Angelika. Youth sexuality: Repeat survey of 14 to 17-year-olds and their parents : results of the current representative survey. Köln: Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung, 2006.

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Heßling, Angelika. Youth sexuality 2010: Repeat survey of 14 to 17-year-olds and their parents : current focus: migration : results of the current representative survey. Köln: Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung, 2010.

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Zill, Nicholas. The elementary school performance and adjustment of children who enter kindergarten late or repeat kindergarten: Findings from national surveys. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement, 1997.

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Zill, Nicholas. The elementary school performance and adjustment of children who enter kindergarten late or repeat kindergarten: Findings from national surveys. [Washington, DC]: U.S. Dept. of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement, National Center for Education Statistics, 1997.

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Gr and Canyon: A century of change : rephotography of the 1889-1890 Stanton Expedition. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1996.

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National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau (India). Diet and nutritional status of tribal population and prevalence of hypertension among adults: Report on second repeat survey. Hyderabad: National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, 2009.

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Частини книг з теми "Repeated surveys"

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Love, E. R. "Repeated singular integrals." In Potential Theory Surveys and Problems, 229–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0103363.

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Pach, János, and Micha Sharir. "Extremal combinatorics: Repeated patterns and pattern recognition." In Mathematical Surveys and Monographs, 133–46. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/surv/152/06.

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Stinath, K. P., and Ronald M. Carpenter. "Sampling Methods for Repeated Business Surveys." In Business Survey Methods, 173–83. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118150504.ch10.

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Stoop, Ineke, and Eric Harrison. "Repeated Cross-Sectional Surveys Using FTF." In Handbook of Survey Methodology for the Social Sciences, 249–76. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3876-2_15.

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Stamp, Mark. "Repeated sample surveys for monitoring population parameters." In Introduction to Machine Learning with Applications in Information Security, 289–314. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003264873-15.

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Brus, Dick J. "Repeated sample surveys for monitoring population parameters." In Spatial Sampling with R, 289–314. Boca Raton: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003258940-15.

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Balbi, Simona. "Textual data analysis for open-questions in repeated surveys." In Studies in Classification, Data Analysis, and Knowledge Organization, 449–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72253-0_61.

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Montmerle, T., P. André, E. D. Feigelson, P. Stine, and J. Bouvier. "Repeated Multiple-Frequency VLA Surveys of the ρ Ophiuchi Cloud." In Star Forming Regions, 45–47. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4782-5_4.

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Zinn, Sabine. "Variance Estimation with Balanced Repeated Replication: An Application to the Fifth and Ninth Grader Cohort Samples of the National Educational Panel Study." In Methodological Issues of Longitudinal Surveys, 63–84. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-11994-2_4.

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Kawamura, Kiichiro, Kazumasa Oguri, Mutsuo Inoue, Kan-Hsi Hsiung, Taishi Kudaka, and Ken Takai. "Ongoing Persistent Slope Failures at the Toe of a Giant Submarine Slide in the Ryukyu Trench that Generated the AD 1771 Meiwa Tsunami." In Progress in Landslide Research and Technology, Volume 1 Issue 2, 2022, 63–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18471-0_5.

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AbstractThis study investigates sedimentation processes and associated submarine sliding on the floor of the Ryukyu Trench. Three dive surveys were conducted using the manned submersible Shinkai 6500 (hereafter 6K) in the trench. The AD 1771 Meiwa tsunami was generated by a giant submarine slide on the landward trench slope in this region. Dive survey site 6K#1469 was located on a mouth of the submarine canyon in the forearc basin. Dive survey site 6K#1468 was located on the uppermost part of the submarine slide, where steps and fissures were observed. Dive survey site 6K#1467 was located at the toe of the submarine slide, which is covered by a muddy sediment layer. Core sample 6K#1467 measured 36.3 cm long and comprised muddy sediments interlayered with silt and/or sand laminations. The paleocurrent direction of the laminated sediments is mostly from north to south, indicating that they were not transported along with the trench but were from the landward slope, probably via repeated small submarine slides. The sedimentation rate for sample 6K#1467 was estimated at 2.42 mm/year using a depth profile of 210Pbex concentration within 10 cm deep and a date for the sediment of ~ 50 year ago. Based on the sedimentation rate and the number of laminae, the typical recurrence interval of the silt/sand layers is calculated to be ~ 6 year. We interpret these results as indicating that repeated small submarine slides have occurred persistently (recurrence interval of ~ 6 year) at the toe of the investigated giant submarine slide in the Ryukyu Trench over the last 50 year.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Repeated surveys"

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Hecker, Dirk, Christine Korner, and Michael May. "Robustness analyses for repeated mobility surveys in outdoor advertising." In 2011 IEEE International Conference on Spatial Data Mining and Geographical Knowledge Services (ICSDM). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsdm.2011.5969022.

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Slepak, Z. M. "Repeated Geophysical Surveys for the Preservation of Architectural Monuments." In Near Surface 2005 - 11th European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.13.p079.

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Sankova, T. "Expediency Execution Repeated Seismic Surveys 3D on the Oil Fields." In Saint Petersburg 2020. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202053253.

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Eiken, Ola, Hans Aronsen, Anne‐Kari Furre, Lars Klefstad, Lars Haakon Nordby, and Bård Osdal. "Repeated seismic surveys from the Norwegian Sea using new streamer technology." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2002. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1817006.

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Geldof, J. B., G. Naankeu-Wati, and C. Labaune. "Time Lapse 4d Assessment of Shallow Water Seabed with Repeated Multi-Beam Hydrographic Surveys." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/27669-ms.

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Megee, Collin, Michael O'Neal, Joseph Clemens, Erica McMaster, and James E. Pizzuto. "INSIGHTS FROM REPEATED TERRESTRIAL LASER-SCANNER SURVEYS OF CHANNEL-WALL EROSION ALONG THE SOUTH RIVER, VIRGINIA." In Joint 69th Annual Southeastern / 55th Annual Northeastern GSA Section Meeting - 2020. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020se-344959.

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Karamouzian, Mohammad, Najmeh Parhizgari, Mostafa Shokoohi, Fatemeh Tavakoli, Armita Shahesmaeili, Ali Mirzazadeh, and Hamid Sharifi. "P125 Low rate of hiv testing among prisoners in iran: findings from nationwide repeated behavioral surveys." In Abstracts for the STI & HIV World Congress (Joint Meeting of the 23rd ISSTDR and 20th IUSTI), July 14–17, 2019, Vancouver, Canada. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2019-sti.302.

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Lugovoy, Nikolay, Nikolay Lugovoy, Askar Ilyasov, Askar Ilyasov, Elena Pronina, Elena Pronina, Vladimir Belyaev, and Vladimir Belyaev. "INVESTIGATIONS OF THE BALTIC SEA COASTAL ZONE ABOVE-WATER PART TOPOGRAPHY DYNAMICS BY MEANS OF TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNER (SVETLOGORSK CITY, KALININGRAD REGION)." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b9381375176.02831785.

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The paper describes application of the terrestrial laser scanner for investigation of coastal dynamics of the Svetlogorskaya Bay, Baltic Sea. Methods of investigation and results of surveys repeated over the two consecutive years for quantification of coastal erosion and slope processes within the coastal zone are presented.
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Lugovoy, Nikolay, Nikolay Lugovoy, Askar Ilyasov, Askar Ilyasov, Elena Pronina, Elena Pronina, Vladimir Belyaev, and Vladimir Belyaev. "INVESTIGATIONS OF THE BALTIC SEA COASTAL ZONE ABOVE-WATER PART TOPOGRAPHY DYNAMICS BY MEANS OF TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNER (SVETLOGORSK CITY, KALININGRAD REGION)." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b431524c743.

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The paper describes application of the terrestrial laser scanner for investigation of coastal dynamics of the Svetlogorskaya Bay, Baltic Sea. Methods of investigation and results of surveys repeated over the two consecutive years for quantification of coastal erosion and slope processes within the coastal zone are presented.
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Ng Fat, L., N. Shelton, and N. Cable. "OP76 Investigating the growing trend of non-drinking among young people; analysis of repeated cross-sectional surveys in england 2005–2015." In Society for Social Medicine 62nd Annual Scientific Meeting, Hosted by the MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, 5–7 September 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2018-ssmabstracts.75.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Repeated surveys"

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Savelieva, Kateryna, Natalie Nitsche, Venla Berg, Anneli Miettinen, Anna Rotkirch, and Markus Jokela. Birth cohort changes in fertility ideals: evidence from repeated cross-sectional surveys in Finland. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2021-010.

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Hu, K., D. R. Issler, Z. Chen, and T. A. Brent. Permafrost investigation by well logs, and seismic velocity and repeated shallow temperature surveys, Beaufort-Mackenzie Basin. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/293120.

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Hovorka, Susan. SECARB Collect Repeat 3-D Survey. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1821441.

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Lafrancois, Toben, Mark Hove, and Jay Glase. Zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) distribution in Apostle Islands National Lakeshore: SCUBA-based search and removal efforts: 2019–2020. National Park Service, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293376.

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Invasive zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) were first observed in situ at Apostle Islands National Lakeshore (APIS) in 2015. This report builds on 2018 SCUBA surveys and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) veliger sampling to: 1) determine whether shoals on APIS borders act as sentinel sites to corroborate veliger drift hypotheses about invasion pathways, 2) evaluate ongoing hand-removal of zebra mussels from easily identified structures, and 3) continue efforts to assess native unionid mussel populations, particularly where zebra mussels are also present. Standard catch per unit effort survey methods by SCUBA teams were used to determine the distribution and relative abundance of zebra or quagga mussels (dreissenids) and native mussels (unionids). Zebra mussels were present at densities between 3 and 42 n/diver/hr (number of mussels per diver per hour), while native unionids were present at densities between 5 and 72 n/diver/hr. Shoal surveys (Eagle Island shoal, Sand Island shoal, York Island shoal, Bear Island shoal, Oak Island shoal, and Gull Island shoal) showed zebra mussels were more abundant on the west side of APIS and absent on the easternmost shoal (Gull Island), corroborating veliger work by the EPA that suggested drift from the Twin Ports of Duluth, Minnesota, and Superior, Wisconsin, is one pathway of invasion. Our results support the use of shallow shoals along the periphery of the park as sentinel sites gauging zebra mussel immigration and population dynamics. Zebra mussel densities in the central islands showed no obvious spatial pattern, and this survey cannot determine whether currents or human transport (or both) are invasion vectors. Given the mussels’ continued presence at heavily used mooring areas and docks where there are no zebra mussels on nearby natural features (e.g., Rocky Island dock, Stockton Island mooring areas), our findings are consistent with multiple invasion pathways (drift from the Twin Ports and anthropogenic sources at mooring areas). SCUBA search and removal of zebra mussels from docks was confirmed to be an effective method for significantly lowering the risk of zebra mussels reproducing and dispersing from these locations. We caution that this work is being done on what look like initial invasions at low densities. Repeated removal of zebra mussels by divers reduced numbers to zero at some sites after one year (South Twin docks, Stockton Island NPS docks, and the Ottawa wreck) or decreased numbers by an order of magnitude (Rocky Island docks). Dreissenid densities were more persistent on the Sevona wreck and longer-term work is required to evaluate removal versus recruitment (local and/or veliger drift). Given the size of the wreck, we have tracked detailed survey maps to guide future efforts. Zebra mussels were again observed attached to native mussels near Stockton Island and South Twin Island. Their continued presence on sensitive native species is of concern. Native unionid mussels were more widely distributed in the park than previously known, with new beds found near Oak and Basswood Islands. The work reported here will form the basis for continued efforts to determine the optimal frequency of zebra mussel removal for effective control, as well as evaluate impacts on native species.
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Li, M. Z., and E. L. King. Hudson 2005033A cruise report: videograb and repeat geophysical surveys for geohazard assessment on Sable Island Bank, Scotian Shelf. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/222775.

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Orange, Daniel L., and Ana Garcia-Garcia. Repeat Surveys to Evaluate Seasonal Variability in Seafloor and Shallow Sub-surface Acoustic Properties, Shallow Water Gulf of Mexico. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada515031.

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Ronak, Paul, and Rashmi. Is educational wellbeing associated with grade repetition and school dropout rates among Indian students? Evidence from a panel study. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/populationyearbook2021.res5.2.

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Despite the Indian government’s continuing efforts to encourage children to attend school, levels of educational wellbeing among some groups of children during their elementary schooling remain low. High school dropout and grade repetition rates are among the negative and deleterious outcomes of poor educational wellbeing in children that are rarely discussed as policy issues. Using the panel dataset of the India Human Development Survey (IHDS) conducted in 2005 and 2012, this study explores the effects of educational wellbeing on children’s later educational outcomes, as measured by their school dropout and grade repetition rates. Variation in the educational outcomes of children across states was also examined. The results show that the children whose educational wellbeing index was below average during their elementary schooling were more likely to drop out of school or repeat a grade in early adolescence. For policymakers, this study highlights that the experiences of children during their elementary schooling merit more attention.
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McKenna, Patrick, and Mark Evans. Emergency Relief and complex service delivery: Towards better outcomes. Queensland University of Technology, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.211133.

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Emergency Relief (ER) is a Department of Social Services (DSS) funded program, delivered by 197 community organisations (ER Providers) across Australia, to assist people facing a financial crisis with financial/material aid and referrals to other support programs. ER has been playing this important role in Australian communities since 1979. Without ER, more people living in Australia who experience a financial crisis might face further harm such as crippling debt or homelessness. The Emergency Relief National Coordination Group (NCG) was established in April 2020 at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic to advise the Minister for Families and Social Services on the implementation of ER. To inform its advice to the Minister, the NCG partnered with the Institute for Governance at the University of Canberra to conduct research to understand the issues and challenges faced by ER Providers and Service Users in local contexts across Australia. The research involved a desktop review of the existing literature on ER service provision, a large survey which all Commonwealth ER Providers were invited to participate in (and 122 responses were received), interviews with a purposive sample of 18 ER Providers, and the development of a program logic and theory of change for the Commonwealth ER program to assess progress. The surveys and interviews focussed on ER Provider perceptions of the strengths, weaknesses, future challenges, and areas of improvement for current ER provision. The trend of increasing case complexity, the effectiveness of ER service delivery models in achieving outcomes for Service Users, and the significance of volunteering in the sector were investigated. Separately, an evaluation of the performance of the NCG was conducted and a summary of the evaluation is provided as an appendix to this report. Several themes emerged from the review of the existing literature such as service delivery shortcomings in dealing with case complexity, the effectiveness of case management, and repeat requests for service. Interviews with ER workers and Service Users found that an uplift in workforce capability was required to deal with increasing case complexity, leading to recommendations for more training and service standards. Several service evaluations found that ER delivered with case management led to high Service User satisfaction, played an integral role in transforming the lives of people with complex needs, and lowered repeat requests for service. A large longitudinal quantitative study revealed that more time spent with participants substantially decreased the number of repeat requests for service; and, given that repeat requests for service can be an indicator of entrenched poverty, not accessing further services is likely to suggest improvement. The interviews identified the main strengths of ER to be the rapid response and flexible use of funds to stabilise crisis situations and connect people to other supports through strong local networks. Service Users trusted the system because of these strengths, and ER was often an access point to holistic support. There were three main weaknesses identified. First, funding contracts were too short and did not cover the full costs of the program—in particular, case management for complex cases. Second, many Service Users were dependent on ER which was inconsistent with the definition and intent of the program. Third, there was inconsistency in the level of service received by Service Users in different geographic locations. These weaknesses can be improved upon with a joined-up approach featuring co-design and collaborative governance, leading to the successful commissioning of social services. The survey confirmed that volunteers were significant for ER, making up 92% of all workers and 51% of all hours worked in respondent ER programs. Of the 122 respondents, volunteers amounted to 554 full-time equivalents, a contribution valued at $39.4 million. In total there were 8,316 volunteers working in the 122 respondent ER programs. The sector can support and upskill these volunteers (and employees in addition) by developing scalable training solutions such as online training modules, updating ER service standards, and engaging in collaborative learning arrangements where large and small ER Providers share resources. More engagement with peak bodies such as Volunteering Australia might also assist the sector to improve the focus on volunteer engagement. Integrated services achieve better outcomes for complex ER cases—97% of survey respondents either agreed or strongly agreed this was the case. The research identified the dimensions of service integration most relevant to ER Providers to be case management, referrals, the breadth of services offered internally, co-location with interrelated service providers, an established network of support, workforce capability, and Service User engagement. Providers can individually focus on increasing the level of service integration for their ER program to improve their ability to deal with complex cases, which are clearly on the rise. At the system level, a more joined-up approach can also improve service integration across Australia. The key dimensions of this finding are discussed next in more detail. Case management is key for achieving Service User outcomes for complex cases—89% of survey respondents either agreed or strongly agreed this was the case. Interviewees most frequently said they would provide more case management if they could change their service model. Case management allows for more time spent with the Service User, follow up with referral partners, and a higher level of expertise in service delivery to support complex cases. Of course, it is a costly model and not currently funded for all Service Users through ER. Where case management is not available as part of ER, it might be available through a related service that is part of a network of support. Where possible, ER Providers should facilitate access to case management for Service Users who would benefit. At a system level, ER models with a greater component of case management could be implemented as test cases. Referral systems are also key for achieving Service User outcomes, which is reflected in the ER Program Logic presented on page 31. The survey and interview data show that referrals within an integrated service (internal) or in a service hub (co-located) are most effective. Where this is not possible, warm referrals within a trusted network of support are more effective than cold referrals leading to higher take-up and beneficial Service User outcomes. However, cold referrals are most common, pointing to a weakness in ER referral systems. This is because ER Providers do not operate or co-locate with interrelated services in many cases, nor do they have the case management capacity to provide warm referrals in many other cases. For mental illness support, which interviewees identified as one of the most difficult issues to deal with, ER Providers offer an integrated service only 23% of the time, warm referrals 34% of the time, and cold referrals 43% of the time. A focus on referral systems at the individual ER Provider level, and system level through a joined-up approach, might lead to better outcomes for Service Users. The program logic and theory of change for ER have been documented with input from the research findings and included in Section 4.3 on page 31. These show that ER helps people facing a financial crisis to meet their immediate needs, avoid further harm, and access a path to recovery. The research demonstrates that ER is fundamental to supporting vulnerable people in Australia and should therefore continue to be funded by government.
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Davidson, Irit, Hsing-Jien Kung, and Richard L. Witter. Molecular Interactions between Herpes and Retroviruses in Dually Infected Chickens and Turkeys. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7575275.bard.

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Tumors in commercial poultry are caused mainly by infection with avian herpes and retroviruses, the herpesvirus Marek's disease virus (MDV) and the retroviruses, reticuloendotheliosis (REV), lymphoid leukosis, subgroups A-I and J (ALV and ALV-J) in chickens, or Iymphoprolipherative disease (LPDV) in turkeys. Infection with one virus aggravates the clinical outcome of birds that are already infected by another oncogenic virus. As these viruses do not interfere for infection, MDV and one or more retroviruses can infect the same flock, the same bird and the same cell. While infecting the same cell, herpes and retroviruses might interact in at least three ways: a) Integration of retrovirus genomes, or genomic fragments (mainly the LTR) into MDV;b) alteration of LTR-driven expression of retroviral genes by MDV immediate- early genes, and c) by herpesvirus induced cellular transcriptional factors. The first type of molecular interaction have been demonstrated to happen efficiently in vitro by Dr. Kung, in cases multiple infection of cell cultures with MDV and REV or MDV and ALV. Moreover, Dr. Witter showed that an in vitro-created recombinant, RM1, had altered in vitro replication and in vivo biological properties. A more comprehensive characterization of RM1 was carried out in the present project. We sought to highlight whether events of such integrations occur also in the bird, in vivo. For that, we had first to determine the prevalence of dually-infected individual birds in commercial flocks, as no systematic survey has been yet reported. Surprisingly, about 25% of the commercial flocks infected with avian oncogenic viruses had a multiple virus infection and 5% of the total samples ana lysed had multiple virus sequences. Then, we aimed to evaluate and characterize biologically and molecularly the resulting recombinants, if formed, and to analyse the factors that affect these events (virus strains, type and age of birds and time interval between the infection with both viruses). The perception of retrovirus insertions into herpesviruses in vivo is not banal, as the in vivo and in vitro systems differ in the viral-target cells, lymphocytes or fibroblasts, in the MDV-replicative type, transforming or productive, and the immune system presence. We realized that previous methods employed to study in vitro created recombinant viruses were not adequate for the study of samples taken directly from the bird. Therefore, the Hot Spot-combined PCR was developed based on the molecularly known RM1 virus. Also, the PFGE that was used for tissue cultured-MDV separation was inefficient for separating MDV from organs, but useful with feather tips as a source of bird original MDV. Much attention was dedicated now to feathers, because if a recombinant virus would be formed in vivo, its biological significance would be evident by horizontal dissemination through the feathers. Major findings were: a) not only in vitro, but also in vivo MDV and retrovirus co-infections lead to LTR integrations into MDV. That was shown by the detection of chimeric molecules. These appeared in low quantities and as quasispecies, thus interfering with sequence analysis of cloned gel-purified chimeric molecules. Mainly inserts were located in the repeat long MDV fragments. In field birds chimeric molecules were detected at a lower frequency (2.5%) than in experimentally infected birds (30-50%). These could be transmitted experimentally to another birds by inoculation with chimeric molecules containing blood. Several types of chimeric molecules were formed, and same types were detected in birds infected by a second round. To reproduce viral integrations, in vivo infection trials were done with field inoculate that contained both viruses, but the chimeric molecule yield was undetectable.
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Changes in alcohol consumption in Scotland during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic: Descriptive analysis of repeat cross-sectional survey data. Public Health Scotland, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52487/7736.

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