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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Rent (Economic theory)"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021
Оновлено: 29 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Rent (Economic theory)"

1

Tollison, Robert D. "The economic theory of rent seeking." Public Choice 152, no. 1-2 (May 16, 2012): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11127-011-9852-5.

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2

McChesney, Fred S. "Rent Extraction and Rent Creation in the Economic Theory of Regulation." Journal of Legal Studies 16, no. 1 (January 1987): 101–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/467825.

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3

Ivanenko, Olesya. "The Land Rent Theory Evolution in Sustainable Development Paradigm." E3S Web of Conferences 105 (2019): 04025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910504025.

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The problem of land rent is directly related to the achievement of the limit of land involvement in agricultural production. In turn, the paradigm of sustainable development includes the issues of the constant growth of the food security of the people of the Earth, the fight against hunger, etc. The theoretical and methodological foundations of land rent are considered in the paradigm of sustainable development, in relation to the evolution of the concepts of leading scientific schools. The nature of land rent is described, its main types and sources of genesis are revealed. From the point of view of the institutional approach, land rent is considered as an institutional relation. The category of the land rent institution has been clarified. The role of land rent in ensuring sustainable development in the understanding of various schools of economics is shown; conclusions are drawn that make it possible to distinguish the features of basic approaches to determining land rent from the perspective of key sustainable development issues studied by schools of economics. It is concluded that it is necessary to use an integrated approach to the study of the category of land rent as a combination of environmental, cognitive, economic and institutional relations.
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4

Ginsburg, Douglas, and Fred S. McChesney. "A New Economic Theory of Regulation: Rent Extraction Rather than Rent Creation." Michigan Law Review 97, no. 6 (May 1999): 1771. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1290228.

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5

Sergiy Bardash, Alexander Petruk, and Tatiana Osadcha. "IDENTIFICATION OF FINANCIAL RENT: FROM THEORY OF RENT TO ITS ACCOUNTING." European Cooperation 1, no. 41 (January 29, 2019): 18–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.32070/ec.v1i41.19.

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Research of issues related to financial leasing has occupied a prominent position in economic science since the mid-20th century in countries with market economies due to the growing role of financial capital and formation of the stock market. Due to its significance, the concept of financial rent was investigated in the context of the development of neoclassical economic theory, its modern modifications, as well as the management theory. Some issues of financial rent were developed within the classical theory - the concept of ideal capital markets. The issues of the nature and types of financial rent are covered from the standpoint of financial mathematics. Some scientists believe that financial rent is a type of economic rent, so it should be reflected in the accounting. Inadequate attention to rent significantly increases the risk of an uncertain estimate of the financial condition of enterprises, and affects the objectivity and efficiency of making managerial decisions. As a result, there is a need for the development of theoretical and methodological, organizational and practical provisions of rent accounting, which will allow forming comprehensive and reliable information for management of a business entity.
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6

Sergiy Bardash and Tatiana Osadcha. "INTEGRATED RENTAL CLASSIFICATION OF SUBJECTS OF ECONOMIC RELATIONS." European Cooperation 2, no. 46 (April 30, 2020): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32070/ec.v2i46.81.

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The authors of the article have found that the vast majority of scientists, who study the rental relation problems in the economies of the post-Soviet countries adhere to the opinion on the validity of combining existing types of rent into two large groups by resources: natural and economic rents. Based on the results of the study, it is proposed to consider natural rent as a form of economic rent. Given the essence and economic nature of rent, and considering the need for its accounting representation, it is established that economic rent should be classified with a division into forms (absolute, differential of the 1st and 2nd kind, monopoly), types (natural and other resource rents) and subtypes based on the “way of using the rental resource”, “industry of formation”. The obtained scientific results will allow to consider the main provisions of the sustainable development concept and can be used as a basis for improving the theory and methodology, as well as the development of the organization and accounting methods for economic rent. The regulation of rental relations in the business sector determines the search for ways to reflect rent in accounting and management reporting, however, the solution to this problem is significantly hindered by the complexity of identifying and evaluating rent. Another problem is that today there is some inconsistency between the concept of "rent" and other derivative concepts, in particular, such as: "ground rent", "economic rent". Against the background of the existing scientific discussion on streamlining the essential differences between these concepts, the debate continues and the validity of the allocation of other types of rent, as well as the feasibility of introducing into the scientific circulation such concepts as “quasi-rent” and “anti-rent”. The authors have proposed to reflect in the enterprise accounting the economic rent according to its forms and types based on the resources used in economic activity. The proposed classification allows to consider the main provisions of the sustainable development concept and can be used as a basis for improving the theory and methodology, as well as the development of the organization and accounting methods for economic rent
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Gilmintinov, Roman R. "POLITICAL ECONOMY OF SPACE: THE PROBLEM OF RENT AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE USSR’S ECONOMIC THOUGHT IN THE 1930–1950s." Ural Historical Journal 75, no. 2 (2022): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30759/1728-9718-2022-2(75)-59-68.

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The article analyzes the development of the rent theory in the Soviet Union in the 1930–1950s which would later become a conceptual basis for the environmental economics in the USSR. Its primary goal is to answer the question of why, after heated debates of the NEP era, the issue of rent completely disappeared from the academic discourse for almost fifteen years. The answer I offer is based on the analysis of the end of history ideologeme — the utopian idea that the development of planning by itself solves all economic and social problems in the country, including all forms of rent. The return of the rent problem back in the economic discourse in the late Stalin period should be understood in the context of the emergent political economy of socialism, a discipline aimed at the overcoming the utopian and antiscientific nature of the end of history ideology. This research also analyzes in a great detail the key article for the development of the rent theory in that period — I. D. Laptev’s “The collective farms’ revenue and differential rent” (1944). The result of the work is the conclusion that the reemergence of the rent theory in the Soviet economic discourse of the Stalin period was accompanied by its normalization — whereas in the 1920s, rent was understood as a heritage of capitalism violating such a key principle of socialism as the distribution according to labor, for I. D. Laptev, it was nothing but a “gift of nature”.
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8

Sękowski, Stefan. "The pros and cons of rent-seeking: Political rent in various research paradigms." Studia z Polityki Publicznej 8, no. 2(30) (July 29, 2021): 11–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33119/kszpp/2021.2.1.

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This article shows that how we look at political rent and rent-seeking depends on our position on state interference in the economy and which theory of regulation we are familiar with. Although the theory of rent-seeking is in accordance with the paradigm of the private interest (economic) theories of regulation, the researcher also needs an insight based on the public interest theories of regulation if he wants to judge the impact of rent-seeking and the creation of political rent on social well-being properly. The paper is also a conceptualization of political rent. It describes forms of rent-seeking and economic systems most amenable to it.
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9

von Seekamm, Kurt. "A Note on the Modeling of Rent Seeking." Review of Radical Political Economics 49, no. 4 (September 29, 2017): 599–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0486613417717047.

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Rent seeking has once again become an important topic in economics. However, rent seeking poses challenges that standard economic theory is not well equipped to handle. This paper develops a working definition of rent seeking that can be applied to post-Keynesian growth models. The main finding is that, in a post-Keynesian framework, rent seeking will have an effect on income distribution and average productivity. In addition, increases in rent seeking can have undesirable effects on the distribution of talent.
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10

Bardash, Serhii, and Tetiana Osadcha. "Ontology of Variability of Accounting for Financial Rent." Accounting and Finance, no. 2(92) (2021): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33146/2307-9878-2021-2(92)-5-10.

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Research on financial rent has been at the forefront of economics since the middle of the twentieth century in market economies due to the growing role of financial capital and the formation of the stock market. Today some scholars believe that financial rent is a type of economic rent, so it should be reflected in accounting. The purpose of the article is to develop recommendations for the reflection of financial rent in the accounting system. This research has solved the following tasks: to determine significant differences in the understanding of financial rent in the theory of finance and the rent in economic theory; to identify the type of resource that produces financial rent; to form approaches to the assessment and accounting for financial rent. It was established that in financial science the concept of financial rent does not correlate with the concept of economic rent, but it is appropriate to consider the financial rent as income that should be reflected in the accounting system to ensure the effectiveness of further management decisions. The identification of the composition of financial resources for the needs of their accounting allowed to determine the type of financial instruments, as well as operations that will form the financial rent. Author's approaches to the recognition of financial rent as accounting object were presented and organizational and methodical provisions of accounting for financial rent were developed. In particular, the procedure for determining the amount of financial rent and its reflection in the accounts depending on the sources of its formation was proposed. The practical significance of the study results is to increase the informativeness of the accounting system for management staff in order to manage the efficiency of the enterprise.
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Дисертації з теми "Rent (Economic theory)"

1

Choi, Myung Ju. "Import regimes and rent seeking : the case of South Korea." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334092.

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Ustaoğlu, Eda. "Hedonic price analysis of office rents : a case study of the office market in Ankara /." Ankara : METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1079342/index.pdf.

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3

Clark, Derek John. "Rent-seeking, learning and the dynamics of reputation in the international credit market." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1992. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/58471/.

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Most reputation-based models of sovereign debt assume that a default on a loan obligation leads to the imposition of an immediate and permanent credit embargo. The first part of this thesis examines the case in which the length of exclusion is endogenously determined and may consequently be finite or infinite. In this way, lulls in activity followed by enthusiastic lending in the international credit market can be modelled. Additionally, examining the optimal exclusion strategy of the creditor allows investigation of the consequences of `excusing' default. By not punishing a defaulter immediately, it is more likely that a complete loan embargo will be imposed in the future. The effect of excusing default on the expected value of the credit relationship to the country is also examined. A negative externality can arise in the relationship between a sovereign borrower and a creditor due to the existence of countries which repeatedly default on their debt: a default by one country may make the creditor more cautious in lending to others. The effects of this externality are examined in a dynamic model in which the bank does not know the type of customer it faces, but can learn its identity over time. The equilibrium actions of the players then depend crucially on the borrower's reputation for creditworthiness. Even a country which is not an inherent defaulter may be tempted to repudiate its debt obligations with this type of incomplete information structure. Each successive default causes reputation to fall until a critical level is surpassed, at which point a permanent lending embargo is imposed. In this dynamic model of debtor reputation, borrowers face an additional problem as they do not always possess the funds needed to make a repayment and thus reveal their type. In recognizing that borrowing countries can be different by nature, the final part of this thesis examines an economy which is driven to borrow externally as an endogenous outcome of a political system in which interest groups lobby political parties. The amount of borrowing is shown to depend upon the number of redistributive policies the parties can use and the attitude of the voters to external borrowing. A proposal is put forward for linking debt forgiveness in this type of lobbying economy to the level of rent-seeking carried out by the interest groups. lt is demonstrated that this proposal is capable of improving the well being of the ordinary citizens of the economy who share the repayment cost but may not enjoy the benefits of external borrowing.
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4

Brown, David W. "Why governments fail to capture economic rent : the unofficial appropriation of rain forest rent by rulers in insular southeast Asia between 1970-1999 /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10754.

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5

Edimon, 1965. "The economy-wide effects of reducing rent-seeking activity : tax evasion in a developing country." Monash University, Dept. of Economics, 1998. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8664.

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6

Ali, Nasrul. "Corruption and its impact on economic growth : is East Asia special?" University of Western Australia. Economics Discipline Group, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0099.

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[Truncated abstract] The 1997 Asian Financial Crisis raised serious questions about the nature of East Asia's rise to economic prosperity, once labelled as a 'miracle' by the World Bank. In particular, East Asian governments were criticised for allowing rampant corruption to pervade their economies. At a conceptual level, the overwhelming majority of studies argue that corruption, defined as the misuse of public office for private gain, has impeded growth. Empirically, many studies have shown the detrimental impact of corruption on economic growth but few have analysed the particular effect of corruption on East Asia's economic growth in the years leading up to the 1997 Crisis, a period characterised by superior economic growth rates against the backdrop of corruption. This study seeks to fill that gap. By virtue of its clandestine nature, any study on corruption is subject to measurement limitations and this study is no exception. The only available data on corruption are indices published by a handful of various international organisations. Each of these indices follows a similar format: they are based partly or wholly on surveys of the corporate sector in each of the sample countries, the results of which are converted into corruption scores and used to rank the sample countries. Although there is a general consistency in rankings across the different indices, the survey questions tend to equate corruption with bribery. In one survey which questioned respondents about corruption and bribery in separate questions, the results indicated that the two are not necessarily synonymous at least in the minds of respondents. A brief analysis of the nature of corruption within East Asia reveals why the tendency to equate corruption with bribery can be misleading, and therefore raises doubts about the credibility of the aforementioned corruption indices. Many countries in East Asia are shown to harbour a network of patron-client relationships within a centralised framework. ... When using the available corruption indices as measures of corruption in a corruption-growth model that is applied to cross-sectional data covering 141 countries in 1996, corruption is found to have a significant positive relationship with economic growth for two of the corruption indices. However, no particular significant relationship is found to exist for East Asian countries within the sample. The corruption indices are then combined to produce a single index of corruption which is then used in a corruption-growth model and applied to panel data covering 33 countries over a twenty year period from 1984 to 2003. This time the corruption variable is found to have a significant positive relationship with economic growth for East Asian countries (excluding Singapore) during 1986-1996. Finally, the concept of rent-seeking is examined as an alternative to the typical principal-agent model of corruption used in the literature, based on its strong resonance with the particular nature of corruption in East Asia. A measure of rent-seeking is developed, and using cross-sectional data for 57 countries in 1996 reveals that rent-seeking has a significant positive relationship with economic growth.
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7

Hemmings, Philip J. "Regional earnings : comparison of earnings in Scotland and the rest of Great Britain, 1970-1982." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1988. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU009729.

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Recent economic debate has focused upon regional labour markets, with particular reference to unemployment, earnings and apparent rigidity in the labour market. In the regional context, two sources of labour market rigidity have been proposed, firstly through wage rigidity, and secondly through mobility costs and cost-of-living differences generated by the housing market. Using unique data from the New Earnings Survey (NES), the earnings differential between Scotland and the rest of Great Britian is shown to consist of both long-run ('equilibrium') factors and short-run ('disequilibrium') factors. Further spatial disaggregation has highlighted Greater London and the South East of England as particularly distinctive in terms of labour market behaviour and characteristics. Use of the NES database has also enabled analysis of female employees, who have hitherto been overlooked by analysis of regional labour markets. In general female employees, especially non-manual, are shown to have fewer characteristics of competitive regional market behaviour than males. This implies that previous analysis may have under-estimated the rigidity of regional labour markets. Confirming previous studies, evidence from NES data for Scotland (using both time-series and cross-section analysis) only weakly supports evidence of regional wage rigidity, however there is strong evidence supporting the influence of the housing market on regional labour markets. Cost-of-living differences and mobility costs are further fuelled in the U.K. by considerable tax relief incentives in the housing market. The immediate policy prescription is therefore reduction of these incentives and general attention to mobility costs of both employees and employers.
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8

Arikan, Ilgaz T. "Essays on the theory of auctions and economic rents." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5num=osu1086212289.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 179 p. : ill. Advisor: Oded Shenkar, Business Administration Graduate Program. Includes bibliographical references (p. 128-153).
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9

Hodler, Roland. "Rent seeking, windfall gains and economic development /." Berlin : dissertation.de, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/393809293.pdf.

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10

Araji, Salim M. "Essays on the macroeconomic effect of natural resource rents." Thesis, The University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3633226.

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This dissertation comprise of two chapters on the macroeconomic effect of natural resource rents. Specifically, we focus on the effect of resource rents on human capital accumulation. In chapter one, we present a new mechanism for the curse of natural resources, i.e., "why natural resource rents if distributed as transfers to individuals' income might retard economic growth and development: their effect on incentives to invest in human capital". Extending an OLG model for this purpose, we show that the windfall rents from natural resources, when transferred directly to citizens distort their incentives away from accumulating the optimum level of human capital and thus from economic growth. This increases the chance of a low-level equilibrium trap and reduces the chance of converging to a higher income per capita in the long run.

In chapter two, we present a dynamic panel data model, and a cross section model to see the effect of transfers in countries with high natural resource rents per person on human capital accumulation. We use tertiary education as a human capital indicator, since at this educational level, people choose to accumulate professional skills and direct their talents to sectors with the highest expected return. Using a dynamic panel data model for five years averages of tertiary education, one can see that the combined effect of government transfers and natural resource rents per labor have a negative and significant effect on human capital. However, using a cross section analysis for the same purpose, one can see that not only the combined effect of resource rents per labor and government transfers have a negative and significant effect on tertiary education, but also resource rents per labor alone have a negative and significant effect on tertiary education. Our cross section results coincide with the natural resource curse literature as it shows that resource rents have a long-term negative effect on social capital investments such as tertiary education.

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Книги з теми "Rent (Economic theory)"

1

Tullock, Gordon. Rent seeking. Aldershot, Hants, England: E. Elgar, 1993.

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2

1961-, Khan Mushtaq H., and Jomo K. S, eds. Rents, rent-seeking and economic development: Theory and evidence in Asia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.

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3

Chakraborty, Shankha. Rent seeking. Washington, D.C: International Monetary Fund, IMF Institute, 2005.

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4

Appelbaum, Elie. Fully contestable rent seeking. Toronto: Department of Economics, York University, 1985.

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5

Anam, Mahmudul. Rent seeking and second best economics. Toronto, Ont: York University, Dept. of Economics, 1987.

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6

1962-, Ngo Tak-Wing, and Wu Yongping 1962-, eds. Rent seeking in China. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2009.

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7

S, Ivanov A., ed. Lit︠s︡om k arende. Moskva: Politizdat, 1990.

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8

Vasilʹevich, Valovoĭ Dmitriĭ, Parfenov Vasiliĭ Aleksandrovich та Platoshkin A. N, ред. Arenda--arkhimedov rychag: Materialy "Kuglogo stola," "Delovykh klubov" "Pravdy," a takzhe statʹi, analizirui͡u︡shchie opyt podri͡a︡da i arendy. Moskva: Izd-vo "Pravda", 1988.

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9

Tullock, Gordon. The economics of special privilege and rent seeking. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989.

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10

Danylyshyn, B. M. Rentni vidnosyny v systemi modernizat︠s︡iï nat︠s︡ionalʹnoho hospodarstva. Kyïv: Rada po vyvchenni︠u︡ produktyvnykh syl Ukraïny, 2007.

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Частини книг з теми "Rent (Economic theory)"

1

Samuels, Warren J. "A Critique of Rent-seeking Theory." In Essays on the Economic Role of Government, 111–28. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12377-3_6.

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Mihályi, Péter, and Iván Szelényi. "Rent in Classical Economic, Social, and Political Theory." In Rent-Seekers, Profits, Wages and Inequality, 25–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03846-5_2.

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3

McChesney, Fred S. "Rent Extraction and Rent Creation in the Economic Theory of Regulation." In The Political Economy of Rent-Seeking, 179–96. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1963-5_15.

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Mcchesney, Fred S., and John M. Olin. "Rent extraction and rent creation in the economic theory of regulation." In 40 Years of Research on Rent Seeking 2, 313–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79247-5_17.

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Bhattacharyya, Sambit. "A Unified Theory of Rent, Elite Feud, and Imperial Expansion." In Frontiers in Economic History, 11–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58736-9_2.

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Gehrke, Christian. "Rent, as Share of Produce, Not Governed by Proportions." In Sraffa and the Reconstruction of Economic Theory: Volume Three, 261–80. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137314048_13.

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Sandemose, Jørgen. "Karl Marx’s theory of ground rent – historical elements in economic interplay." In Class and Property in Marx's Economic Thought, 44–65. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge frontiers of political economy; 242: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351006989-5.

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Sandemose, Jørgen. "Karl Marx’s theory of ground rent – historical elements in economic interplay." In Class and Property in Marx's Economic Thought, 66–94. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge frontiers of political economy; 242: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351006989-6.

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9

Jevons, W. Stanley. "Theory of Rent." In The Theory of Political Economy, 210–21. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137374158_6.

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Posnett, Hutcheson Macaulay. "The Ricardian Theory of Rent." In Irish Political Economy, 258–83. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003100874-18.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Rent (Economic theory)"

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Todorović, Nada. "LAND RENT AND LEASE IN THEORY AND PRACTICE." In International scientific conference challenges and open issues of service law. Vol. 2. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of law, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xxmajsko2.535t.

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Land rent has been the subject of consideration of both classical and neoclassical economic theory. In contemporary economic conditions this issue has not lost its importance although, today, land rent is considered in the context of sustainable and human development and the protection and preservation of natural resources. As long there is a monopoly on natural resources (land, mineral wealth, forest) there will be valorization of the ownership rights through rent appropriation. Basic forms of land rents are: absolute, differential I and II and monopoly land rent. Land rent and lease are not always the synonyms, since lease includes, in addition to rent, the compensation for all capitals attached to the land. In this paper, the author has focused on the issues related to the lease of state- owned agricultural land in Serbia and the problems which appear in practice pertaining to the realization of preemptive rights. From previous experience it can be seen that the use of state-owned agricultural land in Serbia has not been efficient, as well as the application of the regulated legal procedures, which is often running late. Consequently, it is the state itself and farmers who suffer the greatest damage. There is a large area of state-owned agricultural land which remains uncultivated and, therefore, the state cannot valorize its ownership right over this land through rent appropriation.
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Mihailov, Penyu. "LAND RENT AS A SOCIO-ECONOMIC DETERMINATION." In SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT - CURRENT PRACTICES AND SOLUTIONS 2019. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/slm2019.26.

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The issues of land rents are of particular importance today, the new times have brought them to the fore, now they are new dimensions. Previously in the works of Plato, Xenophon and others it was mentioned but not used as a term. With the entry of capitalism into agricultural politics - everyone talks about it. Agriculture became the main branch of social production, and rent became the object of study. Contribution to the development of the problem have: У. Petit, Fr. F. P?ti, F. Kenet, A. Smith, D. The work of Marx is indisputable. The neoclassical theory advocates a subjective treatment of the problem -opposed to Marx. The reasons are to be sought in the following circumstances: capitalism has undergone fundamental changes; it has entered a stage of global integration; the scientific-technical revolution has raised it to a greater height; new technologies have entered the economy; electronization, robotization, computerization, science has penetrated all spheres of life, has become an immediate productive force; it is rising to a higher level; production is being naturalized, it is becoming a field of application of science. History, however, follows its own logic. The immature economic forms of production do not submit to exact theoretical reflections; as they change, so do our ideas about them.
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Uslu, Kamil, and Mustafa Batuhan Tufaner. "Effects of the Theory of Regulation on Financial Crisis." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01369.

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The role of the financial sector in the financial crisis occurring in the world economy and market failures throughout history, has brought the debate over financial regulation. Systemic risk cases, which plays a major role in the occurrence of the financial crisis, to ensure efficiency and stability of financial markets has revealed the need for regulations. The aim of this study is to evaluate how the impact of the financial crisis on the regulation theory. Financial crisis, leading to market failures, moral hazard problems and rent-seeking activities, economic and social structure has created negative. In this context, the pre-crisis and post-crisis regulatory measures can be taken, it is possible to say that the country would have a positive effect on macroeconomic fundamentals.
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4

Kraft, Jiří. "Critical Reflection on Selected Issues Connected with Economic Terminology." In Liberec Economic Forum 2023. Technical University of Liberec, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15240/tul/009/lef-2023-06.

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Clear and unambiguous categories and concepts defined in accordance with generally accepted epistemological principles are some of the cornerstones of each scientific discipline. The objective of this paper is to critically highlight selected problems related to the creation and use of categories and concepts and their symbols in economics. The paper describes in examples the inconsistent use of symbols (the income example), the unsystematic use of concepts (the labour force example) and, in particular, the creation and use of ambiguously defined categories or concepts in a situation where economic science already has an established concept for the reality concerned (the rent example). Adequate methods are chosen for an article of this type. The initial method is desk research, followed by analysis, deduction, induction and exploration. In addition to the actual critical description of the problems, an appropriate solution is proposed to the problem presented in each example. However, the paper also makes references to links with other economic disciplines and the current socio-economic reality. The purpose of the presented critical reflection on selected issues related to economic terminology is, on the one hand, to achieve greater understanding in scientific communication and, on the other hand, to facilitate educational impact, but also to find a common ground between academics and practitioners to the extent that social practice is intertwined with economic theory.
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Vasileva, Yu P. "Distribution Of Natural Oil Rent In The Russian Economy." In 18th International Scientific Conference “Problems of Enterprise Development: Theory and Practice”. European Publisher, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.04.57.

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Maklakova, Elena, and M. Sysoev. "COMPARISON OF VIEWS OF ADAM SMITH, ALFRED MARSHALL, DAVID RICARDO." In Manager of the Year. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/my2021_157-161.

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The article presents the theoretical views of the founders of theoretical economics A. Smith, A. Marshall and D. Ricardo on basic economic concepts. These eminent scientists also laid the foundation for political economics and had a tremendous impact on the main directions of the further development of economic science. The economic ideas of the classical school have not lost their significance to this day. The doctrines of surplus value, profit, taxes, land rent are still relevant today. The study and analysis of this historical heritage is necessary not only for obtaining fundamental knowledge in the field of economic science, but also for its further development.
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Ding, Wei, and Yuting Liao. "Applying the Kano Model to Optimize the Furniture in Rental Scenarios - An application to China case study." In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003211.

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With the price of commercial housing rising year by year and the increasing floating population, more and more people choose to rent housing to solve their housing problems in the transitional stage. In order to reduce rental costs, many furniture in rental houses has problems such as poor quality of supporting facilities, incomplete functions, and difficulty in carrying, often ignoring the functional and emotional needs of tenants for the use of furniture, so it is necessary to find new furniture forms to meet the material and spiritual needs of contemporary renters.In this paper, the strategic analysis tool stemming from the PEST(political, economic, social, and technological) has been adopted to explore the necessity of studying furniture for rental scenes. Among the relevant research and practical cases, the research on rental furniture mainly focuses on space-saving, multi-functional, and modular design, and puts a lot of practice into the structural design of furniture, and conducts in-depth research on the difficulty of furniture disassembly and assembly, the portability of furniture, etc. However, relevant studies have ignored the functional and emotional needs of tenants in the process of using furniture, so some products do not fit well with the actual rental group.In response to this problem, we carried out user research using user interviews and Kano models. The research process is divided into three parts: experimental design, experimental development, and experimental results. We want to obtain basic user information through user interviews, and then use the Kano model to analyze and classify user needs and prioritize demand. Combined with the two-factor theory, we analyze the relative satisfaction (SI) and relative dissatisfaction (DSI) of each demand for users, so as to finally evaluate the functional demand of users for rental furniture design, and show the data results of this study in the experimental results.Based on the above research, this paper summarizes the requirements of furniture in the rental scenario and proposes the optimization strategy for this type of furniture design from four dimensions: user targeting, furniture appearance, furniture structure, furniture function, and furniture experience.
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Şaykol, Ediz. "On the Economical Impacts of Cloud Computing in Information Technology Industry." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.00851.

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Cloud computing, as defined by United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), “... is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.” Goal of the study is to highlight the positive economical impacts of cloud computing for companies, which can be assessed by focusing on their business goals to make more profit. Under the cloud computing model, firms can rent as many virtual machines as they need at any given time, and either design or use off-the-shelf solutions to integrate company-wide data and then easily distribute access to users within and outside of the company. Hence, cloud computing converts fixed capital costs to variable costs, prevents under or over provisioning, and allows minute by minute flexibility. Hence, the companies concentrate on their own business goals on top on a stable and effective information technology backbone. Most literature on cloud computing reside in computer science resources. However, there is little work focusing on the social and economic significance of cloud computing in the economics literature. Hence, this paper first discusses the basics of the cloud computing along with its implications on information technology (IT) field, with paying special attention to economical aspects. Then, empirical results and elaborations are to be given to yield a conclusion.
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CZYŻEWSKI, Bazyli, Sebastian STĘPIEŃ, and Jan POLCYN. "PAYMENTS FOR PUBLIC GOODS UNDER THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY VERSUS MARKET FAILURES." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.008.

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In the reality of the marketplace, a situation often arises where an economic surplus (rent) achieved by agricultural producers is partly taken over by related non-agricultural sectors. In this sense the category of economic rent embraces market failures related to such factors as price flexibility, and thus represents an effect of the misallocation of resources in the agricultural sector. The question therefore arises of whether there exists a developmental model of agriculture in which such market failures would be reduced. Apparently the only coherent response to this need is action taken under the paradigm of sustainable agriculture. This type of model for the sector’s functioning is supported by the objectives of the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), including through support for the supply of public goods in rural areas. This article addresses the question of whether CAP payments for public goods are a desirable systemic solution serving to reduce market failures. It is hypothesised that the financing of activity relating to the supply of public goods lessens the negative impact of the “market treadmill”, since it reduces the unexpected outflows of economic surplus away from farms, caused by agricultural prices. To verify the hypothesis, a panel regression analysis was performed on three sets: the EU-15 countries, the EU-12 countries, and – within Poland – subsectors of farms from six standard output classes. The analysis covered the years 2004–2012. The results of the computations provided confirmation of the hypothesis. It may be stated that an increase in the level of payments for public goods, as a percentage of total subsidies to agriculture, leads on average to a reduction in the drainage of economic rents through prices. It was also found that the financing of public goods under the CAP is more effective in reducing market failures in the EU-15 countries than in the EU-12.
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Alawi Kazim, Kamil. "Fiscal policy in Iraq in light of the shocks after 2003." In 11th International Conference of Economic and Administrative Reform: Necessities and Challenges. University of Human Development, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicearnc/30.

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The Iraqi economy suffers from a triple shock, the first shock represented by the demonstrations that erupted in November 2019, the second shock related to the collapse of oil prices and the reduction of its production under the OPEC + agreement, and the third shock represented by the Corona pandemic and the resulting shock of supply and demand at the same time, and then led to slowing economic growth. The problems of the Iraqi economy are related to the rentier economy, which made the state control its relations with society with the presence of oil rents and dependence on it, which made it move away from its society, and thus weakened the effectiveness of the role of civil society institutions or their supervisory role, especially in the economic issue. The Iraqi economy's dependence on oil in its movement has become sensitive to external and internal shocks, so the research will focus on the development of fiscal policy in Iraq after 2003 in light of the shocks it has been exposed to and their effects on economic activity.
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Звіти організацій з теми "Rent (Economic theory)"

1

Papadopoulos, Yannis. Ethics Lost: The severance of the entrenched relationship between ethics and economics by contemporary neoclassical mainstream economics. Mέta | Centre for Postcapitalist Civilisation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55405/mwp1en.

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In this paper we examine the evolution of the relation between ethics and economics. Mainly after the financial crisis of 2008, many economists, scholars, and students felt the need to find answers that were not given by the dominant school of thought in economics. Some of these answers have been provided, since the birth of economics as an independent field, from ethics and moral philosophy. Nevertheless, since the mathematisation of economics and the departure from the field of political economy, which once held together economics, philosophy, history and political science, ethics and moral philosophy have lost their role in the economics’ discussions. Three are the main theories of morality: utilitarianism, rule-based ethics and virtue ethics. The neoclassical economic model has indeed chosen one of the three to justify itself, yet it has forgotten —deliberately or not— to involve the other two. Utilitarianism has been translated to a cost benefit analysis that fits the “homo economicus” and selfish portrait of humankind and while contemporary capitalism recognizes Adam Smith as its father it does not seem to recognize or remember not only the rest of the Scottish Enlightenment’s great minds, but also Smith’s Theory of Moral Sentiments. In conclusion, if ethics is to play a role in the formation of a postcapitalist economic theory and help it escape the hopeless quest for a Wertfreiheit, then the one-dimensional selection and interpretation of ethics and morality by economists cannot lead to justified conclusions about the decision-making process.
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2

Koessl, Gerald. The system of limited-profit housing in Austria. Liège: CIRIEC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/ciriec.wp202204.

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Limited-profit housing plays a significant role in Austria’s housing market. Around a quarter of all households live in homes owned or managed by a limited-profit housing association (LPHA). These associations are characterised by a distinct business model, based on the premise of cost-recovery and revolving funds. By deviating both from the logic of for-profit housing and from public housing, LPHAs occupy a distinct ‘Third Sector’ role in Austria’s housing market. This paper describes the key mechanisms and principles of limited-profit housing, including how they are financed, how rents are set, what components are included in price calculations and how they use revolving funds to finance future affordable housing construction. The paper also elaborates the impact of the limited-profit business model on rent levels and draws on a recent study to demonstrate their wider economic impacts.
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Kelbesa, Megersa. Digital Service Taxes and Their Application. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.135.

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Many developing economies have seen a rise in e-commerce activity within their borders, and a decline in income from traditional industries as a result of COVID-19, meaning the digital economy offers a potentially unexploited source of tax revenue. . As a result, more developing countries may soon begin adopting some sort of digital tax. The economic activities which may be subject to the Digital Services Tax (DST) may vary from country to country. It will, therefore, be necessary for businesses operating in multiple jurisdictions across developing countries to keep up with the changes in digital taxes. Before implementing a DST scheme, developing countries are advised to perform an in-depth cost-benefit analysis and due considerations. Some developing (and several developed) countries have already unilaterally implemented a “provisional” DST system. Other developing countries are on the process of implementing DST or have simply announced that they will implement a DST soon. Although most of the countries so far actively working on DST (are rich countries, a growing list of developing countries are joining the process. Some examples include the following: Malaysia, Indonesia, Kenya, Nigeria, Argentina and, Chile. It is important to mention that the literature on DST is very limited – although growing, and the evidence base around the economic impacts is particularly scarce. This is partly due to the quite recent nature of DST implementation. The evidence is even scarcer for developing countries – Due to these limitations, this rapid evidence review looks at different types of available literature – including reports and blogs issued by international financial institutions and development agencies. The rest of the report will give an overview of key proposed approaches to tax the digital economy, provide a very brief account of the economic impact of DST, provide a brief mapping of the implementation of digital service taxes in developing countries, provide a brief description of each DST system and about the economic impact of the DST, finally a brief account or attributes of a “good” DST system.
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Chinsinga, Blessings, and Mirriam Matita. The Political Economy of the Groundnut Value Chain in Malawi: Its Re-Emergence Amidst Policy Chaos, Strategic Neglect, and Opportunism. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.010.

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This paper explores the political economy of the groundnut value chain in Malawi. The paper uses a combination of insights from the theoretical perspectives of political settlement, rents and policymaking to examine this value chain. Fused together, these theoretical perspectives underpin a political economy analysis framework, which entails systematically mapping all key actors in an issue area; identifying their interests and recognising their forms of power (political, economic, social, and ideological); understanding their relationships with each other; and appreciating the issues, narratives, and ideas that shape how and why they interact with each other.
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Blyde, Juan S., and Eduardo Fernández-Arias. Economic Growth in the Southern Cone. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008754.

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This paper examines the growth experiences of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay (Southern Cone countries). The analysis sheds light on the strengths and weaknesses of long-run growth of these countries by identifying similarities and differences with other countries and assesses their economic performance on that comparative basis. In order to analyze how satisfactory the development process in the Southern Cone countries has been over the past 40 years it is important to make comparisons with relevant countries. To tackle this issue, we focus on the per-capita economic growth rate and its contributing factors, comparing the experience in Southern Cone countries with that of benchmark countries, namely a typical country of the rest of Latin America (LAC), of the rest of the world outside Latin America (ROW) and of its subset of developed countries (DEV).
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Cassoni, Adriana, Gabriela Fachola, and Gastón J. Labadie. The Economic Effects of Unions in Latin America: Their Impact on Wages and the Economic Performance of Firms in Uruguay. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011250.

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This study examines the impact of unionization and the level of centralization in bargaining, at the level of the industry or the firm, on wages and on the economic performance of firms within the manufacturing sector in Uruguay, using a panel of establishments for the period 1988 to 1995. The main findings suggest that unionization increases wages and employment and promotes investment due to firms substituting labor by capital. Unions tend to organize in those plants with highest rates of profits, but promote increases in productivity and prevent profitability increases. Given the negative effect of unionization at the industry level on the rate of growth of profitability of firms, results also suggest that unions tended to organize and to be stronger in those sectors in which extra rents were higher due to monopoly power.
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Panadeiros, Monica, Juan Luis Bour, and Daniel Artana. Suriname: Supporting Private Sector Development. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008749.

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This study examines the barriers that have traditionally hindered private sector development in Suriname and presents a set of proposals to promote the role of the private sector as a driving force of Suriname's economic growth. The paper provides a description of the key characteristics of the Surinamese economy, an examination of the private sector structure, its weaknesses and capabilities, and an analysis of the main obstacles and issues to improve the enabling environment for private sector development, the challenges and opportunities faced by a small and isolated country that had a poor economic record because it encouraged the private sector to enter into rent seeking activities instead of focusing on productivity gains. Finally, there is a set of recommendations on areas of focus to support private sector development in Suriname.
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Andrian, Leandro Gaston, Oscar Valencia, Jorge Hirs, and Ivan Leonardo Urrea Rios. Fiscal Rules and Economic Cycles: Quality (Always) Matters. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004570.

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Governments can issue public debt for both good and bad reasons. The former include intertemporal tax smoothing, fiscal stimulus, and asset management. In contrast, the bad reasons, which generate higher indebtedness, are mainly associated with political cycles, rent capture, intergenerational transfers, and common pool problems. Fiscal rules aim to eliminate the problem of time inconsistency of public finances and minimize debt accumulation by setting debt limits. Despite the theoretical relevance of fiscal rules and institutions to the proper management of fiscal processes in different countries, the evidence indicates mixed results regarding the effectiveness of this type of mechanism for fiscal performance. To understand the effect that fiscal rules have on public debt, this paper studies the effect of different types of rules on debt behavior and their differential effects with respect to the economic cycle. Using a dynamic panel, which enables us to control for endogeneity problems, and the use of a fiscal rule quality index (Schaechter et. al., 2012), this paper finds that fiscal rules only have a significant effect on the reduction of public debt during the positive side of the economic cycle if adequate institutional arrangements accompany them. Furthermore, only some types of fiscal rules (expenditure rules) show a significant effect during the negative part of the cycle. These results have relevant policy implications, as they underscore the importance of (1) developing institutional arrangements that promote the proper functioning of fiscal rules and (2) considering economic cycle asymmetries in order to ensure the appropriate operation of fiscal rules and the fulfillment of policy objectives.
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Goya, Daniel. Marshallian and Jacobian Externalities in Creative Industries. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003992.

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Marshallian externalities are the benefits obtained by a sector due to geographical agglomeration, and Jacobian effects are spillovers related to the novel combinations that can occur in cities with diversified economic activities. This paper argues that most of the quantitative literature on creative industries is asking whether they are a source of Marshallian or Jacobian effects, inasmuch as a stronger creative sector is a direction of diversification that is likely to have positive spillovers to the rest of the economy. Exploring both questions under a common framework, the results are consistent with the existence of Marshallian but not of Jacobian effects, which calls to caution when making policy suggestions regarding the sector. The degree of specialization in creative sectors is associated with higher sales and a higher number of rms in those sectors, albeit at a decreasing rate. A similar relationship is found for specialization in creative occupations and the incomes of those workers. Though there is no evidence of spillovers from creative industries in general to the rest of the economy, analyses at a more disaggregated level could produce different results and useful insights for policy.
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Volpe Martincus, Christian, Pablo Sanguinetti, and Iulia Traistaru. Economic Integration and Location of Production Activities: The Case of Mercosur. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008723.

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This research aims at answering the following questions: How do specialization patterns look like in member countries of Mercosur and how have they evolved over time? How do concentration patterns look like and how have they evolved over time? What are the main determinants of locational patterns? Did Mercosur have an impact on location of economic activities? What are the consequences for the smaller countries? Do we see production clusters? We analyse specialization, concentration, and locational patterns in Mercosur using production value data for the period 1971-1998. We identify the determinants of those patterns during the period 1985-1998 using econometric techniques. In addition, we calculate intraindustry trade statistics within Mercosur and with the Rest of the World for the period 1986-2001 in order to investigate the formation of clusters and uncover their determinants. We complement this analysis with a brief description of production developments in border regions with the purpose of determining whether this phenomenon has a specific spatial dimension. Finally, we draw some conclusions about the implications for smaller countries within the bloc and some lessons for upcoming trade initiatives such as a deepening of integration within the region, the establishment of FTAA, and a free trade agreement with the European Union.
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