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Статті в журналах з теми "Renewable energy sources Tonga Case studies"
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Bouguecha, S., B. Hamrouni, and M. Dhahbi. "Small scale desalination pilots powered by renewable energy sources: case studies." Desalination 183, no. 1-3 (November 2005): 151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2005.03.032.
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Agostinelli, Sofia, Mehdi Neshat, Meysam Majidi Nezhad, Giuseppe Piras, and Davide Astiaso Garcia. "Integrating Renewable Energy Sources in Italian Port Areas towards Renewable Energy Communities." Sustainability 14, no. 21 (October 22, 2022): 13720. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142113720.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The impact of ports on urban areas’ decarbonization to reduce air and environmental pollution effects to achieve sustainable development is undeniable, especially in the marine transportation sector. In this case, applied studies that can contribute to existing knowledge on increasing ports’ energy self-sufficiency using renewable energy sources (RESs) are critical and necessary. In this study, firstly, (1) the RESs assessment prioritization methodology was designed for Lazio ports. Additionally, (2) long-term solar radiation and wind speed were analyzed using the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2) dataset of Lazio ports. Furthermore, (3) the time-series, normal-distribution and correlation methods were applied to the generated energy source, based on various parameters of the RESs used in the ports. Finally, (4) Italian port areas, towards renewable energy community (REC) scenarios, were analyzed and developed.
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Yousefzadeh, Moslem, Manfred Lenzen, and Muhammad Arsalan Tariq. "Cooling and Power from Waste and Agriculture Residue as a Sustainable Strategy for Small Islands—A Case Study of Tonga." Sustainability 15, no. 1 (December 28, 2022): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15010537.
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Identifying local energy sources and devising a circular economy could improve self-sufficiency in many Pacific Islands. On the islands with significant agriculture, the residue from the cultivation of plants has promising energy potential. The waste stream is another potential source of energy that otherwise should undergo proper treatment. Additionally, cold-storage capacity improves the preservation of crops and increases the agricultural exports of these islands. This study proposes a combined cooling and power (CCP) system driven by biomass from agriculture residue and waste streams as fuel for different districts in Tonga. The units supply a fraction of the districts’ electricity demand and provide sufficient cold-storage capacity to preserve the prospective yield of a fraction of fallow lands. The technical and economic performance of the CCP units was analysed for different fractions of electricity demand and fallow land exploitation in each district during a year of operation. The results show that the optimum combination of the CCP units supplies 38% of the total electricity demand of Tonga and prevents the annual consumption of 7.4 million litres of diesel and emission of 20 kilotonnes of CO2. In addition, it provides 3700 m2 of cold-storage area, which is sufficient for preserving the prospective yield of the exploitation of 27% of the total fallow land of Tonga. Annual export revenue of about AU$10 million is expected from such a cold-storage capacity for Tongan farmers. Furthermore, the units consume 10,000 tonnes of annual waste, significantly reducing waste management costs. This study presents an example of a comprehensive circular-economy solution for a remote island state that improves its socioeconomic and environmental condition by supplying the community’s local needs from its available and abundant resources under a viable business model. The solution presented in this study can be adapted to many island communities with significant agriculture in the economy and crucial energy and cooling needs.
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Desai, B. G. "Case Studies for Integration of Renewable Energy Sources in Power Grid – Lessons for India." Current Science 120, no. 12 (June 25, 2021): 1827. http://dx.doi.org/10.18520/cs/v120/i12/1827-1832.
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Urbano, E. M., A. D. Gonzalez-Abreu, K. Kampouropoulos, and L. Romeral. "Uncertainty analysis for industries investing in energy equipment and renewable energy sources." Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 19 (September 2021): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj19.234.
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This paper studies the optimal design and operation of new energy equipment including renewable energy sources for prosumer industries. In order to augment the interest of industries in performing energy actions, the economic parameters of the investment are analysed and the risk related to it considering the uncertainty in energy markets is evaluated. A two-stage optimization approach is proposed considering the whole lifetime of the energy equipment and an uncertainty analysis performed through the evaluation of the deterministic model under Latin Hypercube Samples of uncertain parameters. A case study based on a real industry is presented, whose results expose the robustness of the optimization methodology and the acceptable risk of investing in renewable energy sources and energy equipment for prosumer purposes.
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Abdeltawab, Hussein M., and Yasser A. I. Mohamed. "Distributed Battery Energy Storage Co-Operation for Renewable Energy Sources Integration." Energies 13, no. 20 (October 21, 2020): 5517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205517.
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This paper presents a multiagent system (MAS) day-ahead co-operation framework between renewable energy resources (RESs) and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) owned by different stakeholders. BESSs offer their storage services to RESs by shifting RES power to sell it during profitable peak-hours (aka; time-shifting). The MAS framework consists of three phases. Phase-one is a pre-auction phase that defines the maximum charging and discharging BESS power limits. These limits guarantee a reliable distribution system operation without violating the buses’ voltage limits or the ampacity of the branches. Phase-two is an auctioning phase between the BESS-agents and the RES-agents. Each agent has a different owner with a specific profit agenda and risk levels. The agent tries to maximize the profit potential of the owner. The agents use historical trade data and expected weather conditions to maximize profitability. Phase-three is called the post-auctioning phase, in which the agreement between the BESS- and RES-agents is finalized, and the agents are ready for another 3-phases trade. Case studies compare different auctioning strategies and prove the effectiveness of the proposed MAS system.
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Caiaffa, Emanuela, Maurizio Pollino, and Alessandro Marucci. "A GIS Based Methodology in Renewable Energy Sources Sustainability." International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Information Systems 5, no. 3 (July 2014): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaeis.2014070102.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The exploitation of renewable energy sources has assumed a significant role, especially in an integrated vision of problems concerning energy policies, The 2009/28/EC Directive of the European Parliament and Council has indicated ambitious energy and climate change objectives for 2020 (according to the so-called “EU2020 Strategy”): greenhouse gas emissions reduction for 20%, renewable energy increase for 20%, improvement in energy efficiency for 20%. The aim of this paper is to present a GIS based methodology able to support decision-making in energy supply from Renewable Energy Sources (RES), focusing on two specific case-studies: Photovoltaic (PV) and Wind energy. To decide what type of renewable energy font is the best choice for a specific territory, it's important to know the local energetic situation, exploring the potential renewable energy sources available in that specific area, deciding what is the territory more compatible/sustainable among them, and if it's exploitable by suitable environmental and economic point of view. The methodology is largely directed towards the development of a tool to support siting decision.
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Vukovic, Natalia Anatolievna, and Daria Evgenievna Nekhorosheva. "Renewable Energy in Smart Cities: Challenges and Opportunities by the Case Study of Russia." Smart Cities 5, no. 4 (September 20, 2022): 1208–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/smartcities5040061.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study analyzes the development of renewable energy sources and factors affecting the choice of energy source. Also, we focus on the renewable energy programs implemented in the smart cities of the world and apply the prospects of its development to a Russian case study, using the method of cluster analysis. The results of the study showed that the share of renewable energy in Russian cities might reach 50% by 2050. However, the analysis demonstrates that currently, the average value is less than 26%. The results of the study show that the overall level of development of renewable sources in a particular country significantly affects the level of development of renewable energy in smart cities. Finally, the results reveal that Russian smart cities should aim at a much more intensive green energy policy to implement the fundamental principles of the global strategy of Net Zero (IEA).
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Blaszke, Małgorzata, Maciej Nowak, Przemysław Śleszyński, and Bartosz Mickiewicz. "Investments in Renewable Energy Sources in the Concepts of Local Spatial Policy: The Case of Poland." Energies 14, no. 23 (November 25, 2021): 7902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14237902.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The paper aims to determine the role and formula of investments in renewable energy sources in Poland’s concepts of local spatial policies. It analyses 12,777 planning documents of local spatial policy (these are resolutions adopted by municipalities—in Poland there are two types of these instruments: studies of spatial development conditions and directions and local spatial development plans) in Poland enacted in 2005–2020. On this basis, local concepts were classified and related to the geographical and functional characteristics of municipalities. Poland is an interesting case study in this respect, providing a good reference point for broader international considerations. It was found that only 58.4% of Polish municipalities include renewable energy sources in their spatial policy concept. These are definitely more often urbanised municipalities. The degree of approach to renewable energy sources is also determined by the location of the municipality in the given province. The authors diagnose serious weaknesses in the Polish spatial planning system, consisting in the lack of skilful implementation of renewable energy sources into it. This is one of the reasons for the weaker development of renewable energy sources in the country. The authors consider as an innovative element of the research the analysis of the content of all spatial policy instruments in a given country, from the perspective of renewable energy sources, including proposing a way to verify these instruments.
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Agrawal, Himanshi, Akash Talwariya, Amandeep Gill, Aman Singh, Hashem Alyami, Wael Alosaimi, and Arturo Ortega-Mansilla. "A Fuzzy-Genetic-Based Integration of Renewable Energy Sources and E-Vehicles." Energies 15, no. 9 (April 30, 2022): 3300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15093300.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
E-Vehicles are used for transportation and, with a vehicle-to-grid optimization approach, they may be used for supplying a backup source of energy for renewable energy sources. Renewable energy sources are integrated to maintain the demand of consumers, mitigate the active and reactive power losses, and maintain the voltage profile. Renewable energy sources are not supplied all day and, to meet the peak demand, extra electricity may be supplied through e-Vehicles. E-Vehicles with random integration may cause system unbalancing problems and need a solution. The objective of this paper is to integrate e-Vehicles with the grid as a backup source of energy through the grid-to-vehicle optimization approach by reducing active and reactive power losses and maintaining voltage profile. In this paper, three case studies are discussed: (i) integration of renewable energy sources alone; (ii) integration of e-Vehicles alone; (iii) integration of renewable energy sources and e-Vehicles in hybrid mode. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the integration and the active and reactive power losses are minimum when we used the third case.
Дисертації з теми "Renewable energy sources Tonga Case studies"
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Jansén, Jan. "Agriculture, energy and sustainability : case studies of a local farming community in Sweden /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2000. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2000/91-576-5767-X.pdf.
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VENUTA, MARIA LUISA. "La città da energivora a nodo attivo delle reti di produzione e di scambio energetico." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/85.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Il concetto di rete dell'informazione può diventare uno schema logico con cui descrivere l'evoluzione delle politiche sulle energie rinnovabili e sulla sostenibilità?
La ricerca è stata svolta analizzando l'architettura delle due reti (internet e reti energetiche) e l'evoluzione del bene prodotto e distribuito nella rete energetica, l'energia, esplicitando l'accessibilità da parte della distribuzione mondiale delle risorse petrolifere tradizionali e delle risorse rinnovabili. La struttura metodologica del progetto di ricerca si basa due tipi di analisi teorica:
1) l'analisi della nascita delle società in rete attraverso le teorie di Manuel Castells (concetto di spazio di flussi) e di Saskia Sassen e l'evoluzione delle città (cap.2 e cap.5)
2) le analisi dei flussi dei materiali e delle energie avendo come riferimento metodologico l'approccio ecologico ideato dai ricercatori dell'istituto per il Clima, l'Ambiente e l'Energia di Wuppertal, Germania (cap.3 e cap.4)
La contraddizione tra città innovative e città che sono ai livelli di enormi discariche o di baraccopoli è esposta nel cap.6 attraverso casi studio e progetto dei Programmi Europei.
Nell'ultimo capitolo (cap.7) si riassumono le ipotesi di partenza e i risultati della ricerca e si espongono le questioni aperte.Can internet logic scheme be used as a basis to describe public policies evolution on renewable energies production and sharing in urban areas all over the world? The research project analyses the two networks (internet and energetic grids) architectures in actual and future urban areas. This analysis is connected with present and future forecasts energy productions from traditional fuels and from renewable sources. Theoretical analysis is conducted following a double conceptual pathway: - societal networks (Manuel Castells theory) and urban areas evolution (Saskia Sassen and Mike Davis) in order to picture the evolution of cities and towns in modern economies and in developing countries (Chapters 2 and 5); - Material and Energy Flow Analysis (approach by Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy) applied to renewable energy (Chapters 3 and 4) In Chapter 6 case studies are exposed on the deep cleavage between two different worlds: innovative, rich towns on a side and the landfills cities, slums on the other side. In the last part hypothesis and thesis are put together and open questions are explained (Chapter 7).
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Tonin, Fabianna Stumpf. "Caracterização de sistemas fotovoltaicos conectados à rede elétrica na cidade de Curitiba." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2017. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2876.
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Na busca por novas opções para a constituição da matriz energética brasileira, os Sistemas Fotovoltaicos Conectados à Rede Elétrica (SFVCR) configuram-se como uma alternativa para os centros urbanos, pois permitem a geração de energia de modo distribuído, ou seja, no próprio local onde esta será consumida e, permitem também, com que o excedente de energia produzido seja injetado na rede elétrica. Diante da perspectiva de instalar o SFVCR, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi o de elaborar um estudo específico, detalhado e atualizado sobre o potencial de geração de energia na cidade de Curitiba. Neste trabalho apresenta-se o estudo de caso de seis sistemas fotovoltaicos instalados em Curitiba, os quais tiveram seus Índices de Mérito – Produtividade, Taxa de Desempenho e Fator de Capacidade - avaliados, a partir dos dados de geração de energia elétrica destes sistemas, e dos dados de irradiação obtidos do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET). O estudo revelou que, até abril de 2017, o estado do Paraná possuía 810 SFVCR em operação, correspondendo a um total de 5MW e, a cidade de Curitiba 170 SFVCR – 865 kW em operação, sendo que 80% dos sistemas estão instalados em residências. Outro fato interessante é que 98% desses sistemas usam módulos com tecnologia de silício policristalino, 75% aplicam inversores monofásicos e, 95% desses inversores não possuem transformadores, pois dessa forma as perdas no processo de conversão são menores, além desses equipamentos serem mais compactos e possuírem tecnologia mais avançada do que os inversores com transformador. Constatou-se que a principal tendência do mercado de energia fotovoltaica é empregar inversores sem transformador. Além disso, os estudos realizados revelaram que a escolha do inversor e o modo de instalação dos painéis fotovoltaicos são fatores determinantes para maximizar o desempenho do sistema fotovoltaico. Os resultados desta pesquisa mostram a importante contribuição que os SFVCR podem trazer na geração de energia de modo distribuído e dessa forma, podem colaborar para a elaboração de políticas públicas com o intuito de incentivar projetos e pesquisas na área de energia fotovoltaica, visando à disseminação do uso dessa fonte renovável no país.In the search for new options for the establishment of the energy matrix of Brazil, the Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems (SFVCR) are configured as an alternative to urban centers, because they allow the power generation at distributed mode, that is, generate energy at the place where it will be consumed and inject the surplus energy into the network. Faced with the prospect of installing Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System, the objective of this research is to characterize this type of photovoltaic system and also, analyze the results in terms of productivity parameters, such as Yield, Performance Ratio and Capacity Factor of six grid-connected systems that are installed in Curitiba. The radiation data used to calcute those parameters has been acquired from Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET). This paper highlight that the Parana state has 810 SFVCR (until April 2017) in operation, which stands for 5MW and Curitiba has 170 SFVCR, 865 kW in operation, and 80% of them are installed in residences. In addition, 98% of those systems use multicrystalline modules, 75% use single phase inverters and 95% of these use inverters transformerless, because the losses in the conversion process are reduced and the equipments are more compact and have more technology than the inverters with transformer. So, the main trend of photovoltaic energy market is to use transformerless inverters. The results obtained shows that the inverters’choice and the installation mode of the photovoltaic modules are important factors to maximize the photovoltaic system’s performance. In the end, the results demonstrates that the SFVCR contribute to distributed power generation and should be use in the elaboration of public policies with the purpose of encouraging projects and research in the photovoltaic energy’s area, aiming the dissemination of this renewable source of energy in Brazil.
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Dubbeld, Catherine Elizabeth. "Renewable energy strategies for low cost housing in South Africa : case studies from Cape Town." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2674.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This dissertation explores renewable energy strategies for low-income housing in South Africa using several case studies from the City of Cape Town and surrounding areas. The paper engages with the background and theories underpinning renewable energy for low income housing, analysing the key literature and focusing on renewable energy policies and current research in Cape Town, South Africa. It attempts to analyse the implications of current policy, the practical implications of renewable energy in low income housing developments and the conflicts that can occur between environmental and poverty interventions. The research for this paper involved face to face interviews with individuals working in the renewable energy for low income housing field or exposed to projects of this type. From these interviews it emerged that renewable energy interventions in housing can more significantly reduce environmental impact when applied in middle and upper income housing developments. but also that particular kinds of renewable energy and energy efficiency interventions are suitable for low income housing developments. It became clear that the role of the town planner is central in ensuring the success of renewable energy projects, and that political will is also a key factor.Thesis (M.T.R.P.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2007.
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Mumbere, Mbasa Ndemo. "Climate change mitigation strategies in relation to the forestry and energy sectors in SACD region with emphasis in DRC and RSA as case studies." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22640.
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The main objective of this study is to evaluate climate change mitigation strategies in the forestry and energy sectors in the SADC with emphasis on the DRC and the RSA. This study is evaluative and cross-sectional. Its results were got through interviews of 56 key informants using the interview guide, and four focus group discussions in the DRC based on the focus group guide. The non-probability sample, mainly the purposive sample and the snowballing sampling were used. After the data analysis, the following results were found:
In terms of the strategies for fighting drivers of deforestation both in the DRC and in RSA, it was revealed that the DRC focuses more on the REDD+ projects and NGO activities while the RSA protects its small existing natural forests through Acts, laws, advanced research and establishment of commercial plantations.
The results which are related to the contribution of REDD programmes and NGOs to climate change mitigation in the RSA and the DRC have revealed that there are no REDD programmes in the RSA for carbon stock. In the DRC, the NOVACEL REDD+ pilot project has a carbon stock of 60 000 tons which continues to grow with 8 tons of CO2 /ha/year; 210 tons/ha/year on the left side of the Congo River, and on the right side 195 tons/ha/year is generated by the Isangi Geographically Integrated REDD+ pilot project. The WCS Mambasa Forestry REDD+ pilot project has 230 tons/ha/year, while 16 000 tons of CO2/year are stocked under the Luki REDD+ pilot project. The Eco-Makala and Equatorial REDD+ pilot projects have not yet estimated their carbon stocks.
Regarding the involvement of the civil society in activities of climate change mitigation in the DRC, people are more involved in REDD’s alternative activities which are funded by the projects. However, in the RSA, people are used as labour in commercial plantations. The RSA derives its major energy from coal (94%) but the DRC has a high potential in hydropower that can generate up to 100 000 MGW. On the use of remote sensing, both the DRC and the RSA employ remote sensing but the RSA has a Spatial Agency while the DRC does notCollege of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences
D. Litt. et Phil. (Environmental Science)
Книги з теми "Renewable energy sources Tonga Case studies"
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Bokor, László, János Csapó, Tamás Szelesi, and Zoltán Wilhelm. Locality and the energy resources. Shrewsbury: Frugeo Geography Research Initiative, 2013.
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Mario, Rupeni. Renewable energy options and energy efficiency schemes for ACP Parliamentarians. Suva?]: SOPAC, 2008.
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Vidican, Georgeta. Building domestic capabilities in renewable energy: A case study of Egypt. Bonn: Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik gGmbH, 2012.
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Browning, William D. Energy casebook. Snowmass, CO (1739 Snowmass Creek Rd., Snowmass 81654-9199): Rocky Mountain Institute, 1989.
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Ö, Paksoy Halime, and NATO Public Diplomacy Division, eds. Thermal energy storage for sustainable energy consumption: Fundamentals, case studies and design. Dordrecht: Springer, 2007.
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Peter, Meier. The design and sustainability of renewable energy incentives: An economic analysis. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 2015.
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Vincent, Kitio, and United Nations Centre for Human Settlements, eds. Enhancing access to modern energy options for poor urban settlements. Nairobi: UN-Habitat, 2006.
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Dewulf, Jo, Steven De Meester, and Rodrigo Alvarenga. Sustainability assessment of renewables-based products: Methods and case studies. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, 2016.
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Qing jie neng yuan yu ji shu zhuan yi: Clean energy and technology transfer. Shanghai: Shanghai jiao tong da xue chu ban she, 2011.
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Daim, Tugrul. Research and Technology Management in the Electricity Industry: Methods, Tools and Case Studies. London: Springer London, 2013.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Renewable energy sources Tonga Case studies"
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Pradhan, Arjyadhara, Babita Panda, and Rao Mannepalli. "Case Studies on Microgrid Design Using Renewable Energy Sources." In Microgrids, 279–99. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003121626-13.
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Abu-Siada, Ahmed. "Preface." In Recent Advances in Renewable Energy, i. UAE: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9781681085425117020001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Due to the continuous resources’ reduction and cost increase of conventional fossil fuel along with the global trend to decrease the greenhouse effect, clean energy production from renewable sources has been given a global great concern. Among renewable energy sources, wind energy conversion systems have received a worldwide notable attention. It is expected that more than 10% of the global electricity demand will to be generated by wind energy conversion systems by the year 2020. During their early implementation stage, wind turbines were to be disconnected during abnormal and fault conditions within the electricity grid it is connected to. Owing to the fact that current wind installations supply a significant portion of the load demand, disconnecting windfarms may lead to business interruption and discontinuity of power supply to the end user. As such, transmission line operators have developed strict grid codes that wind turbine generator must meet to maintain its connection to support the grid during various fault conditions. To comply with these codes, flexible AC transmission systems have been widely used with current wind energy conversion systems to modulate reactive and/or active power at the point of common coupling of the wind turbine generator and the grid. This book presents the applications of various flexible ac transmission system devices to wind energy conversion systems. Devices such as unified power flow controllers, superconducting magnetic energy storage and static synchronous compensator are covered in this book. Topologies, control systems along with case studies of the aforementioned devices are presented and discussed. This book will be useful for postgraduate research students, upper-division electrical engineering students and practicing engineers.
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Bernat, Tomasz. "Investment in Conventional or Renewable Energy Sources : Thyssengas – A Green Energy Provider?" In Proecological Restructuring of Companies Case Studies, 63–73. Ubiquity Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/bbk.f.
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"Appendix C ReferencesReferences for Case Studies (In Addition to Sources Listed Elsewhere)." In READy: Renewable Energy Action on Deployment, 211–25. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-405519-3.16001-3.
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Grabowski, Gabriel. "Sustainability in renewable energy businesses." In Sustainability and sustainable development, 251–56. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Poznaniu, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18559/978-83-8211-074-6/iv6.
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The sustainable development goal 7 (affordable and clean energy) seeks to ensure that energy is clean, affordable, available and accessible to all (SD Goals, https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/indicators). Replacing fossil fuel-based energy sources with renewable ones, which include: bioenergy, direct solar energy, geothermal energy, hydropower, wind and ocean energy (tide and wave), would gradually help the world achieve the idea of sustainability. Renewable energy technologies provide an excellent opportunity for mitigation of greenhouse gas emission and reduce global warming through substituting conventional energy sources (Panwar, Kaushik, & Kothari, 2011; Owusu & Asumadu-Sarkodie, 2016). Nevertheless, investment costs, as well as political environment and market conditions, have become barriers preventing countries from full utilisation of the potential to improve the quality of air or water. The aim of the chapter is to initiate discussion on the importance of renewable energy as well as its environmental and society-related health aspects. Two short case studies presented in the text allow to describe projects concerning solar installations. In the first case, it is educational institution investing in thermal solar panel systems to supply heat for domestic hot water. The results of research conducted by Filho et al. (2019) on a small sample of universities from around the world indicate that in more than half of them, only a small share of energy consumption comes from renewable sources, whilst the European Union policy has identified promotion of energy efficiency in buildings, including educational ones, as a key objective of its energy and climate policy (EPBD Recast, 2010). In the second case study, thoughts on photovoltaic systems installed to supply buildings with electricity are contained and the problem of public resource support forms for that purpose are discussed.
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Salama, Mohamed, Mutasim Nour, Adel Haloub, and Yara Al Jundi. "Renewable Energy for Sustainable Development." In Principles of Sustainable Project Management. Goodfellow Publishers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23912/9781911396857-3950.
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This chapter aims to introduce the reader in general, and project managers in particular, to the basic concepts and applications of renewable energy (RE) with emphasis on the various renewable energy technologies (RTEs), emerging as an alternative to traditional energy sources, in an applied, practical and project-focused context. The chapter builds on academic research-based cases studies conducted by the authors. The first case relates to a real-life project which will be the first advanced biofuels refinery to be built in the Middle Eastb with an estimated cost of $700m and commercial operation date in 2022. The financial close date is scheduled for the end of Q4, 2018, and it is expected to have a lower cost of production compared to European and US refineries. The second case study concerns the feasibility study to build a waste-to-energy (WTE) incineration plant in Dubai. It provides project managers with useful insight into the details of this vital initiation stage for this type of project, based on a real-life data set, in an applied research context. The details of both cases can be found on: https://www.goodfellowpublishers.com/sustprojman. The first few sections of the chapter set up the scene for the case studies by presenting brief definitions of the basic concepts of RE and various RETs in the context of sustainable development. Then at the start of each case study, a brief introduction to the specifics of the case is presented.
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Caiaffa, Emanuela, Maurizio Pollino, and Alessandro Marucci. "A GIS Based Methodology in Renewable Energy Sources Sustainability." In Geospatial Research, 1944–64. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9845-1.ch093.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The exploitation of renewable energy sources has assumed a significant role, especially in an integrated vision of problems concerning energy policies, The 2009/28/EC Directive of the European Parliament and Council has indicated ambitious energy and climate change objectives for 2020 (according to the so-called “EU2020 Strategy”): greenhouse gas emissions reduction for 20%, renewable energy increase for 20%, improvement in energy efficiency for 20%. The aim of this paper is to present a GIS based methodology able to support decision-making in energy supply from Renewable Energy Sources (RES), focusing on two specific case-studies: Photovoltaic (PV) and Wind energy. To decide what type of renewable energy font is the best choice for a specific territory, it's important to know the local energetic situation, exploring the potential renewable energy sources available in that specific area, deciding what is the territory more compatible/sustainable among them, and if it's exploitable by suitable environmental and economic point of view. The methodology is largely directed towards the development of a tool to support siting decision.
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Kukwa, Donald, Maggie Chetty, Zikhona Tshemese, Denzil Estrice, and Ndumiso Duma. "Resource Reclamation for Biogas and Other Energy Resources from Household and Agricultural Wastes." In Biogas - Basics, Integrated Approaches, and Case Studies. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101747.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The chapter’s goal is to highlight how the reclamation of household and agricultural wastes can be used to generate biogas, biochar, and other energy resources. Leftover food, tainted food and vegetables, kitchen greywater, worn-out clothes, textiles and paper are all targets for household waste in this area. Agricultural waste includes both annual and perennial crops. Annual crops are those that complete their life cycle in a year or less and are comparable to bi-annual crops, although bi-annuals can live for up to two years before dying. The majority of vegetable crops are annuals, which can be harvested within two to three months of seeding. Perennials crops are known to last two or more seasons. Wastes from these sources are revalued in various shapes and forms, with the Green Engineering template being used to infuse cost-effectiveness into the process to entice investors. The economic impact of resource reclamation is used to determine the process’s feasibility, while the life cycle analysis looks at the process’s long-term viability. This is in line with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), whose roadmap was created to manage access to and transition to clean renewable energy by 2030, with a target of net zero emissions by 2050.
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Sims, Ralph E. H. "Energy-smart innovation and renewable energy systems on farms: an overview." In Energy-smart farming: Efficiency, renewable energy and sustainability, 165–200. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19103/as.2022.0100.23.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
To save costs, increase productivity, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, energy-smart farming is gaining momentum. Direct energy inputs essential for all food production systems, both on farms as well as along the food supply chain, have conventionally been supplied by oil, coal and natural gas. Many examples exist of displacing these fossil fuels with renewable energy sources. However, project installations on-farms are not yet mainstream. Therefore the aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of the various low-carbon on-farm technologies and their potential, as well as to outline any barriers to deployment. A brief overview of energy efficiency on farms (see Part 1 of this book for more details) outlines the benefits from reducing energy demand prior to renewable energy project uptake. As an introduction to Part 2, this chapter confirms that overall there is good potential for developing renewable energy systems to meet demands for heat, electricity and transport fuels at the farm scale. Case studies of several innovative demonstrations are presented that can be easily replicated on many other farms.
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Khosravy, Mostafa. "Recent Progress in District Heating with Emphasis on Low-Temperature Systems." In Geothermal Energy. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94459.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
District heating plays an important role in future sustainable energy system by integrating any available heat source, including waste heat and renewable heat sources such as geothermal or solar heat. The low-temperature district heating system is the latest generation of district heating. It was introduced less than ten years ago in adaption to the need for lower heat demand of energy-efficient buildings. The low-temperature district heating system provides an infrastructure for a higher share of renewable energy sources while reduces heat loss in pipes. Several small-scale projects were commissioned since the introduction of the technology, and many existing district heating systems are in the process of adaptation. The recent progress of low-temperature district heating systems has been discussed here. First, the fundamental knowledge that is required to understand the main advantages of a low-temperature district heating system was explained briefly. Then the most recent and important projects were discussed with emphasis on solar and geothermal district heating systems. The results of case studies show that the low-temperature solution has the lowest capital costs and has a unique position to be the primary source for building heating demand.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Renewable energy sources Tonga Case studies"
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Freire-Gormaly, M., and A. M. Bilton. "Optimization of Renewable Energy Power Systems for Remote Communities." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-47509.
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Many remote communities rely on diesel generators as their primary power source, which is expensive and harmful to the environment. Renewable energy systems, based on photovoltaics and wind turbines, present a more sustainable and potentially cost-effective option for remote communities with abundant sun and wind. Designing and implementing community-owned and operated renewable power generation alternatives for critical infrastructure such as hospitals, water sanitation, and schools is one approach towards community autonomy and resiliency. However, configuring a cost-effective and reliable renewable power system is challenging due to the many design choices to be made, the large variations in the renewable power sources, and the location specific renewable power source availability. This paper presents an optimization-based approach to aid the configuration of a solar photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine generator and lead-acid battery storage hybrid power system. The approach, implemented in MATLAB, uses a detailed time-series system model to analyze system Loss of Load Probability (LOLP) and a lifetime system cost model to analyze system cost. These models are coupled to a genetic algorithm to perform a multi-objective optimization of system reliability and cost. The method was applied to two case studies to demonstrate the approach: a windy location (Gibraltar, UK), and a predominantly sunny location (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia). Hourly solar and wind resource data was extracted for these locations from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for five-year data sets. The village load requirements were statistically generated from a mean daily load for the community estimated based on the population and basic electricity needs. The case studies demonstrate that the mix and size of technologies is dependent on local climatic conditions. In addition, the results show the tradeoff between system reliability and cost, allowing designers to make important decisions for the remote communities.
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Walker, Andy. "An Heuristic Approach to Renewable Energy Optimization." In ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer and InterPACK09 Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2009-90456.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An analytical approach is often taken to predict the performance of renewable energy systems at a site, but an analytic approach requires detailed information on the system to be modeled that is better determined during schematic design than guessed-at during pre-design. This paper describes a heuristic approach to identify and prioritize renewable energy project opportunities before detailed system information is available. The method determines the combination of renewable energy technologies that minimize life-cycle cost at a facility, often with a specified goal regarding percent of energy use from renewable sources. Technologies include: photovoltaics (PV); wind; solar thermal heat and electric; solar ventilation air preheating; solar water heating; biomass heat and electric (combustion, gasification, pyrolysis, anaerobic digestion); and daylighting. The method rests upon the National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s (NREL) capabilities in: characterizing of the empirical cost and performance of technologies; geographic information systems (GIS) resource assessment; and life-cycle cost analysis. For each technology, simple heuristic algorithms relate renewable energy resources at a site to annual energy delivery with coefficients that are determined empirically. Initial cost and operation and maintenance (O&M) cost also use empirical data. Economic performance is then calculated with a site’s utility rates and incentives. The paper discusses how to account for the way candidate technologies interact with each other, and the solver routine used to determine the combination that minimizes lifecycle cost. Results include optimal sizes of each technology, initial cost, operating cost, and life-cycle cost, including incentives from utilities or governments. Results inform early planning to identify and prioritize projects at a site for subsequent engineering and economic feasibility study. Case studies include industrial sites, military bases, and civic buildings.
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Bahlawan, Hilal, Enzo Losi, Lucrezia Manservigi, Mirko Morini, Pier Ruggero Spina, and Mauro Venturini. "Analysis of a Multi-Generation Renewable Energy System with Hydrogen-Fueled Gas Turbine." In ASME Turbo Expo 2022: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2022-81082.
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Abstract It is now universally established that the use of fossil fuels is responsible for environmental issues such as global warming. Among the different renewable energy sources, solar energy is considered one of the most affordable resources for meeting current energy demands and mitigating environmental problems. However, the exploitation of solar energy is challenging because of both diurnal and seasonal variations. Power-to-Hydrogen technologies can play a key role to counterbalance the variation of solar irradiance. Moreover, hydrogen-fueled gas turbines are considered promising technologies to decarbonize the electricity sector. To tackle these concerns, this paper presents a multi-generation energy system operated in island mode in which a hydrogen-fueled gas turbine is coupled with a solar photovoltaic plant, an electrolyzer, an absorption chiller, electric and thermal energy storage, as well as a hydrogen storage. Therefore, the energy system is 100% based on renewable energy. The sizes of the components and the respective energy management strategy are optimized by maximizing the exploitation of renewable energy sources, while the supply of electricity from the national grid must be null. Moreover, the effect of ambient conditions on the optimal sizing is also investigated by considering the thermal, cooling and electrical energy demands of two case studies located in two different climatic zones. The paper demonstrates that the adoption of hydrogen-fueled gas turbines coupled with Power-to-Hydrogen technologies can effectively support the transition towards a clean energy supply. Moreover, this study provides a procedure for the optimal sizing of a multi-generation energy system fully based on solar energy, by also demonstrating that both PV panel area and hydrogen storage volume are feasible, if compared to the considered district layout.
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Yaïci, Wahiba, and Hajo Ribberink. "Feasibility Study of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Compressed Renewable/Natural Gas Vehicles in Canada." In ASME 2020 14th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2020-1617.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Concerns about environmental degradation and finite natural resources necessitate cleaner sources of energy for use in the transportation sector. In Canada, natural gas is currently being appraised as a potential alternative fuel for use in vehicles for both medium and heavy-duty use due to its relatively lower costs compared to that of conventional fuels. The idea of compressed natural gas vehicles (CNGVs) is being mooted as inexpensive for fleet owners and especially because it will potentially significantly reduce harmful emissions into the environment. A short feasibility study was conducted to ascertain the potential for reduced emissions and savings opportunities presented by CNGVs in both medium and heavy-duty vehicles. The study which is discussed in the present paper was carried out on long-haul trucking and refuse trucks respectively. Emphasis was laid on individual vehicle operating economics and emissions reduction, and the identification of practical considerations for both the individual application and CNGVs as a whole. A financial analysis of the annual cost savings that is achievable when an individual diesel vehicle is replaced with a CNG vehicle was also presented. This paper drew substantial references from published case studies for relevant data on maintenance costs, fuel economy, range, and annual distance travelled. It relied on a summary report from Argonne National Laboratory’s GREET (Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation) [1] for its discussion on relative fuel efficiency penalties for heavy-duty CNGVs. The fuel cost figures were mostly drawn from motor fuel data of the Ontario Ministry of Transportation, since the Ministry is one of the few available sources of compressed natural gas fuel prices. Finally, the GHGenius life-cycle analysis tool [2] was employed to determine fuel-cycle emissions in Canada for comparison purposes. The study produced remarkable findings. Results showed that compared to diesel-fuelled vehicles, emissions in CNG heavy-and-medium-duty vehicles reduced by up to 8.7% (for well-to-pump) and 11.5% (for pump-to-wheels) respectively. Overall, the most beneficial use/application appeared to be long-haul trucking based on the long distances covered and higher fuel economy achieved (derived from economies of scale), while refuse trucks appeared to have relatively marginal annual savings. However, these annual savings are actually a conservative estimate which will ultimately be modified/determined by a number of factors that are likely to be predisposed in favour of natural gas vehicles. Significantly, the prospect of using renewable natural gas as fuel was found to be a factor for improving the value proposition of refuse trucks in particular, certainly from an emissions standpoint with a reduction of up to 100%, but speculatively from operational savings as well.
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Qandil, Mohammad D., Ryoichi S. Amano, and Ahmad I. Abbas. "A Stand-Alone Hybrid Photovoltaic, Fuel Cell and Battery System." In ASME 2018 12th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2018 Power Conference and the ASME 2018 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2018-7121.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The main purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of using a hybrid photovoltaic (PV), fuel cell (FC) and battery system to power different load cases, which are intended to be used at Al-Zarqa governorate in Jordan. All aspects related to the potentials of solar energy in Al-Hashemeya area were studied. The irradiation levels were carefully identified and analyzed, and found to range between 4.1–7.6 kWh/m2/day; these values represented an excellent opportunity for the photovoltaic solar system. Various renewable and non-renewable energy sources, energy storage methods and their applicability regarding cost and performance are discussed, in which HOMER (Hybrid Optimization for Electric Renewable) software is used as a sizing and optimization tool. Different scenarios with Photovoltaic slope, diesel price, and fuel cell cost were done. A remote residential building, school and factory having an energy consumption of 31 kWh/day with a peak of 5.3 kW, 529 kWh/day with a maximum of 123 kW and 608 kWh/day with a maximum of 67 kW respectively, were considered as the case studies’ loads. It was found that the PV-diesel generator system with battery is the most suitable solution at present for the residential building case, while the PV-FC-diesel generator-electrolyzer hybrid system with battery suites best both the school and factory cases. The load profile for each case was found to have a substantial effect on how the system’s power produced a scheme. For the residential building, PV panels contributed by about 75% of the total power production, the contribution increased for the school case study to 96% and dropped for the factory case to almost 50%.
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Zhivov, Alexander, Richard J. Liesen, Stephan Richter, Reinhard Jank, and Franklin H. Holcomb. "Towards a Net Zero Building Cluster Energy Systems Analysis for a Brigade Combat Team Complex." In ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90487.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Army is required by law (Energy Policy Act of 2005 [EPACT] 2005, U.S. Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 [EISA] 2007) to eliminate fossil fuel use in new and renovated facilities by 2030 and to reduce overall facility energy usage by 30% by 2015. Army policy is to achieve 25 net zero energy installations by 2025 and to achieve net zero energy (NZE) status for all installations by 2058. Achieving NZE will only be possible if an optimum mix of demand reduction and renewable sources are put in place at a community (installation) or building cluster scale. The Army runs what are essentially small campuses, or clusters of buildings on its installations. The Department of Energy (DOE) is focused on the national grid scale or on individual buildings, while the commercial focus is on retrofits to individual buildings There is a lack of tools and case studies that address dynamics of energy systems at the community scale. The Army’s future building energy requirements are a mixture of ultra-low and high energy intensity facilities. Achieving net zero energy economically in these clusters of buildings will require a seamless blend of energy conservation in individual buildings, combined with building systems automation, utility management and control, and power delivery systems with the capability to integrate onsite power generation (including from renewable energy sources) and energy storage. When buildings are handled individually each building is optimized for energy efficiency to the economic energy efficiency optimum and then renewables are added until the building is net zero. This process works for buildings with a low energy intensity process for its mission, such as barracks and administrative buildings. When the mission of the building requires high energy intensity such as in a dining facility, data center, etc., this optimization process either will not end up with a net zero energy building, or large amounts of renewables will be added resulting in the overall technical solution that is not cost effective. But when buildings are clustered together, after each building is designed to its economic energy efficient option, the building cluster is also energy optimized taking advantages of the diversification between energy intensities, scheduling, and waste energy streams utilization. The optimized cluster will minimize the amount of renewables needed to make the building cluster net zero. This paper describes this process and demonstrates it using as an example a cluster of buildings a Brigade Combat Team Complex at Fort Bliss, TX.
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Ancona, M. A., M. Bianchi, L. Branchini, A. Brilloni, A. De Pascale, F. Melino, and A. Peretto. "Power to Ice: A Novel Approach to Stabilize Non-Programmable Renewable by Means of Gas Turbine IACC." In ASME Turbo Expo 2018: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2018-75216.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Large penetration of non-programmable energy sources, such as wind, is a challenging issue for grid operators and quick ramping fossil fuel generators. Indeed, the variability and fluctuation of renewables (i.e. rapid change in generation over relatively short time periods) is increasing the need for regulating power. In this context and according to Authors knowledge, the innovative approach proposed in this study is to use a gas turbine equipped with continuous cooling in order to stabilize the power output generation of renewable generators. The gas turbine power boost, obtained thanks to inlet air cooling, will compensate for renewable generators underproduction. On the opposite, in case of renewable generators power output surplus, the excess of power is driven to a compressor chiller device for cold water storage, then used to chill gas turbine inlet air whenever needed. A detailed performance evaluation on the proposed system is carried out showing the influence of most important parameters (i.e. additional pressure losses introduced with the cooling device, gas turbine models and assumed derating coefficients, etc.). A feasibility analysis of the investigated system is presented for several case studies in case of wind generators (two different gas turbine models, different wind farm nameplate capacity, different power output set points), investigating the volume of tanks necessary to stabilize wind fluctuations.
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Ganegodage, L. H., K. G. A. S. Waidyasekara, and H. Mallawaarachchi. "ASSESSING THE CARBON EMISSION REDUCTION BY GRID-TIED PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) TECHNOLOGY FOR BUILDINGS IN SRI LANKA." In The 9th World Construction Symposium 2021. The Ceylon Institute of Builders - Sri Lanka, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/wcs.2021.11.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Energy related carbon emission of buildings is a major cause of global warming. In order to mitigate energy related carbon emission, buildings tend to adopt renewable energy technologies. Amongst renewable energy technologies, grid-tied PV technology has gained the interest of building energy consumers as an alternative energy source. Nevertheless, there is considerably low implementation of grid-tied PV technology in Sri Lanka, especially as a carbon reduction strategy. A key reason for lack of implementation of grid-tied PV system is that majority of buildings still depend on traditional energy sources for their total energy needs. Hence, there is a need of highlighting the importance of grid-tied PV system to penetrate the existing traditional energy market. The aim of this study is therefore to assess the possible energy related carbon reduction of grid-tied PV system for buildings in Sri Lanka. Accordingly, total of four (4) buildings were selected as case studies, including two buildings with grid-tied PV technology and two other buildings that are totally dependent on traditional energy sources. Subsequently, carbon footprint assessment was conducted to four (4) buildings specifying to energy related carbon emitting activities. And research findings revealed that selected two buildings with grid-Tied PV technology achieve an average reduction of carbon by 3379.77kg and 3013.06kg respectively per month compared to traditional-energy buildings. Consequently, this work has successfully identified that buildings with grid-tied PV technology achieve a reduction in energy related carbon emission compared to buildings with traditional energy sources.
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Sheikh, Fathesha. "Commercialization of Al Reyadah – World's 1st Carbon Capture CCUS Project from Iron & Steel Industry for Enhanced Oil Recovery CO2-EOR." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207676-ms.
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Abstract As fossil fuels will continue to be a key source of energy for the world, the role of carbon capture utilization and storage (CCUS) has become increasingly important in addressing climate change by limiting emissions and by establishing a pathway to reaching net-zero. In spite of its significance, the deployment of CCUS globally in the past decade has not met expectations. It is largely due to the challenges in commercializing the technology. On the contrary, ADNOC successfully deployed CCUS in 2016 and has been operating Al Reyadah - the world's first CCUS project in Iron & Steel Industry and Middle East's first commercial CCUS project for enhanced oil recovery (CO2-EOR). Similar to other industrialized economies, Abu Dhabi has various sources where carbon dioxide (CO2) is emitted. It also has an advanced oil & gas industry which requires CO2 for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in order to improve production output. ADNOC synergized these two industries to create a business case. The concept of a CO2 network, linking CO2 producer (source) and CO2 user for EOR (sinks) was developed as far back as 2008. Various studies where undertaken and a steel facility was identified as an ideal choice for a 1st project, given availability of CO2 and proximity to the ADNOC oil fields. In 2012, Al Reyadah was formed to develop the facility and pipeline that is operating today. This is the first step in a vision that would see multiple sources within Abu Dhabi that will be connected via a pipeline network to supply the CO2 needs of ADNOC for EOR, sequestering CO2 and reducing the UAEs greenhouse footprint, whilst freeing up vital hydrocarbon gases (used currently in EOR) for use in commercial industry. From inception, Al Reyadah has been referenced for decarbonization by many global organizations including International Energy Agency (IEA) and International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and has won prestigious recognitions from Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF) and Emirates Energy Awards (EEA). This paper discusses the various strategies and commercialization tactics that ADNOC applied to deploy this unique project, which is only among 21 CCS/CCUS projects operating in the world in 2020 and a precursor to thousands of CCS/CCUS projects that are expected to be built globally in the coming years.