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Статті в журналах з теми "Relaxation pictures"
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Nielsen, Elinor, Ingrid Wåhlin, and Gunilla Hollman Frisman. "Evaluating Pictures of Nature and Soft Music on Anxiety and Well-Being During Elective Surgery." Open Nursing Journal 12, no. 1 (April 24, 2018): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874434601812010058.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background:Patients going through surgery being awake often have a sense of anxiety and need support to relax.Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate whether looking at pictures of natural scenery could reduce anxiety and pain and increase relaxation and well-being being awake during the elective surgery.Methods:This three-arm, randomized intervention study consisted of one group viewing pictures of natural scenery, one group listening to soft instrumental music, and one control group without distraction, all adult patients (n=174). The State Trait Anxiety Inventory short form and a visual analogue scale on well-being were used as well as sedation treatment if necessary.Results:No differences related to anxiety after surgery were found among the three groups. When controlling for the effect of sedative treatment, however, patients without sedation had a lower degree of anxiety postoperatively (p=0.014). Younger patients had a higher degree of anxiety and lower degree of postoperative relaxation and well-being.Conclusion:Viewing pictures of natural scenery while being awake during elective surgery is as relaxing as listening to soft instrumental music. Offering nature scenery pictures for patients to view could be relaxing during the elective surgery.
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Ferres, Kim, Timo Schloesser, and Peter A. Gloor. "Predicting Dog Emotions Based on Posture Analysis Using DeepLabCut." Future Internet 14, no. 4 (March 22, 2022): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi14040097.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper describes an emotion recognition system for dogs automatically identifying the emotions anger, fear, happiness, and relaxation. It is based on a previously trained machine learning model, which uses automatic pose estimation to differentiate emotional states of canines. Towards that goal, we have compiled a picture library with full body dog pictures featuring 400 images with 100 samples each for the states “Anger”, “Fear”, “Happiness” and “Relaxation”. A new dog keypoint detection model was built using the framework DeepLabCut for animal keypoint detector training. The newly trained detector learned from a total of 13,809 annotated dog images and possesses the capability to estimate the coordinates of 24 different dog body part keypoints. Our application is able to determine a dog’s emotional state visually with an accuracy between 60% and 70%, exceeding human capability to recognize dog emotions.
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Eyetsemitan, Frank. "An Exploratory Study of the Emotion-Expressive Behaviors of “Peace,” “Contentment,” and “Annoyed/Irritated”: Implications for Dead and Living Faces." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 48, no. 1 (February 2004): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/cmfh-vmek-jq81-d0hy.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study initially set out to explore the facial features (and their descriptions) of the emotion-expressive behaviors of “peace” and “contentment” but ended up with a third one, “annoyed/irritated.” The emotion-expressive behaviors of “peace” and “contentment” have been associated with the faces of deceased persons in a previous study. The pictures of two volunteers taken during a class on relaxation technique were given to 93 respondents made up of volunteer students from a small midwestern college and volunteer residents of a nursing home (see Appendix A and B). Participants were asked to choose from a list provided them the emotion-expressive behavior (“e.g., peace, content, hopeful, other”) that closely described each of the facial pictures presented. They were also asked to both identify and describe the facial feature(s) that closely matched the emotion-expressive behavior they had chosen. Most of the respondents identified Picture #1 as “peaceful” and Picture 2 as “annoyed/irritated.” The eyes and the mouth were more salient in describing both emotions. This study has implications for those who identify loved ones before viewing; for individuals who prepare deceased persons for viewing; for embalming educators; and for actors of these emotions.
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Menezes, Carolina B., Mirtes G. Pereira, and Lisiane Bizarro. "Six weeks of meditation training influences response bias in a discrimination task with emotional distractors." Revista Brasileira de Medicina de Família e Comunidade 7 (June 22, 2012): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc7(1)626.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction: Focused attention meditation is the voluntary focusing of attention on a chosen object in a sustained fashion, whose objective is to develop attentional and emotional regulatory skills./objective: We investigated the effect of a six-week focused attention meditation training on a discrimination task with emotional distractors by comparing participants’ discriminability and bias before and after training. Method: College students were randomly assigned to either focused meditation (N=35), progressive relaxation (N=37), or control groups (N=28). 120 neutral and 120 emotional - negative and arousing – pictures (9º x 12º), flanked by two peripheral bars (0.3º x 0.3º), equidistant from the centre of the picture (9º), were equally and randomly distributed and displayed among three blocks, one with low attentional (LA) and two with high attentional demand (HA). Participants indicated if bars were parallel or not by pressing one of two buttons. In LA and HA conditions, respectively, bars differed with 90º and 6º in half of the trials. Trials started with a fixation cross (1500ms) followed by the pictures and bars (200ms). Next, a chessboard remained on the screen until a response was given or for 2000ms. Results: Mixed-design ANOVAs showed no discriminability difference across groups (meditation=26; relaxation=24; control=24) pre-post training; only task difficulty affected discriminability [F(1,68) = 739.8, p < .001; LA > HA]. Response bias was affected by difficulty [F(1,68) = 81.2, p < .001; LA < HA], and testing session [F(1,68) = 23.1, p < .001; pre > post]. Additionally, there was a significant difficulty × session × group interaction [F(2,68) = 4.02, p = .02]: meditation (M = .58, SE =.36) and relaxation (M = .65, SE =.36) presented a reduction in response bias relative to control (M = .69, SE =.37), but only after training in the HA condition (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The reduction in response bias suggests that meditation and relaxation can affect decision making in a difficult perceptual discrimination task. Meditation showed the highest bias reduction, consistent with previous results linking meditation to attention and monitoring processes.
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Jiang, Mingyan, Ahmad Hassan, Qibing Chen, and Yinggao Liu. "Effects of different landscape visual stimuli on psychophysiological responses in Chinese students." Indoor and Built Environment 29, no. 7 (August 18, 2019): 1006–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x19870578.
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Human–plant interactions have positive effects on human health. However, the effects of plants and the environment on psychophysiological responses have not been thoroughly explored. This study examined the physiological (electroencephalography (EEG)) and psychological (the semantic differential method (SDM) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)) responses of adults viewing different landscape pictures. The physiological responses of 50 Chinese students were recorded by measuring blood pressure and EEG, and psychological responses were measured using the STAI and SDM. The following treatments were assessed: (1) urban city traffic photographs (control), T0; (2) garden landscape photographs, T1; (3) natural scenery landscape photographs, T2; (4) forest landscape photographs, T3 and (5) city landscape photographs, T4. Students’ blood pressure was lowered after visual stimulation with different landscape pictures than with the control. In the (SDM) evaluation, students felt more natural, relaxed and comfortable after viewing landscape pictures and had low anxiety scores. EEG results showed higher alpha, beta, delta, theta and gamma frequencies after visual stimulation with landscape pictures than with the control. In conclusion, different landscape pictures have psychophysiological relaxation effects on adults.
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Bakker, C. J. G., C. N. de Graaf, and P. van Dijk. "Calculation of Zero-Crossing and Spin-Lattice Relaxation Time Pictures in Inversion Recovery NMR Imaging." IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering BME-32, no. 7 (July 1985): 535–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tbme.1985.325571.
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Ke, Da, Wei Zhong, Sergey V. Dmitriev, and Daxing Xiong. "Unconventional relaxation of hydrodynamic modes in anharmonic chains under strong pressure fluctuations." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 55, no. 5 (January 12, 2022): 055001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ac463d.
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Abstract We develop an effective numerical scheme to capture hydrodynamic (HD) modes in general classical anharmonic chains. This scheme is based on the HD theory suggested by Ernst–Hauge–van Leeuwen, which takes full role of pressure fluctuations into account. With this scheme we show that the traditional pictures given by the current nonlinear fluctuating HD theory are valid only when the system’s pressure is zero and the pressure fluctuations are weak. For nonvanishing pressure, the HD modes can, however, respond to small and large pressure fluctuations and relax in some distinct manners. Our results shed new light on understanding thermal transport from the perspective of HD theory.
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Sartory, G. "FC25-01 - Effects of additional exposure to psychoeducation and relaxation in acute stress disorder." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1953. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73656-2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
IntroductionMeta-analytic studies found exposure to be the most effective treatment in PTSD. Results are less clear with regard to acute stress disorder.ObjectivesTo evaluate the additional effect of exposure therapy to supportive counseling.AimsThe assessment of subjective measures and the heart-rate (HR) response to trauma reminders in the two treatment conditions.MethodsForty recent trauma victims with acute stress disorder were randomly assigned to three sessions of either prolonged exposure (PE) or supportive counseling (SC) with both groups also receiving psychoeducation and progressive relaxation. PE was administered imaginal and in vivo, both being therapist-assisted. Assessments were carried out before and after treatment and again after three months. Patients were shown ideosyncratic trauma-related pictures and autonomic responses assessed. Four years later, patients were asked by telephone whether they had required further treatment.ResultsThere were no significant group differences with regard to symptomatic improvement at the end of treatment. Before treatment both groups showed HR acceleration to trauma-related pictures. After treatment the PE group showed attenuation of the HR-response and a reduction of spontaneous skin conductance fluctuations (SF) whereas the SC group showed a decelerative (orienting) HR response and an increase in SF. Over the next four years 43% of the SC group and and 9% of the PE group required further treatment.ConclusionThe data show that SC, unlike PE, fails to attenuate autonomic responses to trauma-related stimuli suggesting that the former treatment fails to reorganize the trauma network.
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Lanzinger, Johannes, Julia Neukam, and Christian Dingemann. "Expositionstherapie mit Virtual Reality bei Blut-, Verletzungs- und Spritzenphobie. Eine Fallstudie." Digital Psychology 2, no. 1 (April 27, 2021): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24989/dp.v2i1.1863.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This case study describes the treatment of a patient with a blood-injection-injury type phobia including fainting and severe avoidance behavior, with the use of Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET). The patient has been treated over the course of 10 sessions. A variety of techniques from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy such as psychoeducation, cognitive restructuring, relaxation exercises and exposure therapy with pictures, videos and a Virtual Reality (VR) blood draw have been used. Results: Over the course of the treatment, the fear was significantly reduced leading to a successful blood draw two days after the last session. In the year following the treatment the patient did several successful blood draws, all without fainting and without a significant fear response.
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Jacob, Reenu, and Jayakumari Isac. "Dielectric Response and Transport Properties of Pb2Sr2CaCu2O9 [Lead Strontium Calcium Copper Oxide]." Reports in Advances of Physical Sciences 01, no. 02 (June 2017): 1750003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424942417500037.
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High dielectric permittivity, good mechanical properties and excellent thermal stability are highly desired qualities for the dielectric materials used in embedded capacitors and energy-storage devices. This study reports the temperature dependence and very low loss factor of Pb2Sr2CaCu2O9 ceramics. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) are used to analyze the sample. The dielectric properties of the material prepared has been investigated in the frequency range 42–1[Formula: see text]MHz and in the temperature range 303–873[Formula: see text]K. The result reveals that Pb2Sr2CaCu2O9 have high dielectric constant with significant temperature and frequency dependence which makes them appropriate in the application of miniaturization of electronic devices. The dielectric constant and the loss factor decreases with increase in frequency of the applied field. Impedance studies confirm that dielectric relaxation in the material is of non-Debye type. Conductivity studies proves quality information related to the charge transport properties. The frequency analysis of modulus properties pictures a distribution of the relaxation time existing in the system. The new ceramic material Pb2Sr2CaCu2O9 will be a promising candidate for uses in embedded capacitors, especially in high-temperature circumstance.
Дисертації з теми "Relaxation pictures"
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Кущ, Віталій Сергійович. "Метод підбору та виявлення впливів релаксуючих картин для коригування психофізіологічного стану людини". Master's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2020. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/39383.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Робота містить 70 сторінок, 25 рисунківта 19 таблиць. Було використано 12 джерел.
Мета роботи: підвищити швидкість та ефективність дослідження та коригування психофізіологічного стану людини за рахунок розробки методу підбору та виявлення впливів релаксуючих картин для коригування психофізіологічного стану людини.
Проведено огляд основних положень проведення досліджень, збору даних та коригування психофізіологічного стану людини. Описано основні проблеми обробки зібраних даних для аналізу, підбору релаксуючих картин та визначено необхідність у розробці методів для підбору та визначення впливів на психофізіологічний стан релаксуючих картин. Запропоновано метод підбору релаксуючих картин для коригування психофізіологічного стану людини на основі нейронних мереж. Застосування запропонованого методу дозволяє подати на вхід набір параметрів: кольорову преференцію, день народжень, суб’єктивні відчуття та отримати на виході релаксуючу картину для проведення сеансів коригування психофізіологічного стану. Запропоновано метод виявлення впливів на психофізіологічний стан людини, який дозволяє, за рахунок гнучкого механізму конфігурації побудови графіків, будувати різноманітні параметри дослідження психофізіологічного стану людини та виявляти їх залежності та впливи на людину. Розроблено програмне забезпечення запропонованих методів підбору та виявлення впливів релаксуючих картин на стан людини, яке збільшує ефективність роботи психологів з дослідження психофізіологічного стану людини, за рахунок швидких та точних обчислень. Розроблено стартап-проект програмного забезпечення та проведено аналіз ринку, потенційних клієнтів, з якого видно, що ринок поки вільний від аналогів такого продукту, але має у ньому потребу.The work contains 70 pages, 25 figures, and 19 tables. 12 sources have been used. Goal: to increase the speed and efficiency of research and adjustment of the psychophysiological state of a person by developing a method of matching and detecting influences of relaxing pictures for human psychophysiological state adjustment. A review of the main provisions of research, data collection, and adjustment of the psychophysiological state of humans. The main problems of processing the collected data for the analysis, matching of relaxing pictures are described and the necessity in the development of methods for matching and detecting influences on a psychophysiological condition of relaxing pictures is defined. A method of matching relaxing pictures for correction of the psychophysiological state of a human on the basis of neural networks is offered. The application of the proposed method allows you to submit a set of parameters: color preference, birthday, favorite color, subjective feelings and get a relaxing picture for sessions to correct the psychophysiological state. A method for detecting influences on the psychophysiological state of a person is proposed, which allows, due to a flexible configuration mechanism for plotting, to build various parameters of research of the psychophysiological state of a person and identify their dependencies and influences on a person. The software of the offered methods of matching and detecting influences of relaxing pictures on a condition of the human which increases the efficiency of work of psychologists on the research of a psychophysiological condition of the person is developed. A software startup project has been developed and an analysis of potential customers and the market has been conducted, which shows that the market is still free from analogs of such a product, but needs it.
Книги з теми "Relaxation pictures"
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Days, July. Fun with guided relaxation: Tape and book with text, pictures, voice and music. Primary House, 1987.
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Russellar, Christina. HAMSTER Coloring Book for Adults Relaxation: HAMSTER Sketch Coloring Book , Creativity and Mindfulness 80 Pictures. Independently Published, 2018.
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Cowan, Sonya. Pademelon Coloring Book for Adults Relaxation 50 Pictures: Pademelon Sketch Coloring Book Creativity and Mindfulness. Independently Published, 2020.
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Press, Habib. Butterfly Coloring Book: Best Coloring Book Gift for Kids Amazing Butterfly Colouring Book Pictures for Relaxation. Independently Published, 2020.
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Press, Habib. Butterfly Coloring Book: Best Coloring Book Gift for Kids Amazing Butterfly Colouring Book Pictures for Relaxation. Independently Published, 2020.
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Health, Mental. Animal Mandala: Rest of Your Mind - Beautiful Magic Relaxation Calming Pictures - Anti-Stress Art Therapy for Everyone. Independently Published, 2020.
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Cowan, Sonya. Neapolitan Mastiff Coloring Book for Adults Relaxation 50 Pictures: Neapolitan Mastiff Sketch Coloring Book Creativity and Mindfulness. Independently Published, 2020.
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Health, Mental. Animal Mandala - Coloring Pages for Meditation: Rest of Your Mind - Beautiful Magic Relaxation Calming Pictures - Anti-Stress Art Therapy for Everyone. Independently Published, 2020.
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Health, Mental. Animal Mandala - Coloring Pages for Meditation: Rest of Your Mind - Beautiful Magic Relaxation Calming Pictures - Anti-Stress Art Therapy for Everyone. Independently Published, 2020.
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Health, Mental. Animal Mandala - Coloring Pages for Meditation: Rest of Your Mind - Beautiful Magic Relaxation Calming Pictures - Anti-Stress Art Therapy for Everyone. Independently Published, 2020.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Relaxation pictures"
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Bagdy, Emôke. "Vision de l'espace, vécu subjectif et image du corps propre dans l'expérience du training autogène et dans les œuvres picturales." In Relaxation, 221. L’Esprit du temps, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/edt.marva.1995.02.0221.
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Zieger, Susan. "Tobacco Papers, Holmes’s Pipe, Cigarette Cards, and Information Addiction." In The Mediated Mind, 54–86. Fordham University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823279821.003.0003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Chapter two investigates an overlooked archive of tobacco ephemera, the smoke-room booklets, cigarette cards, and periodicals meant to be consumed by men while smoking. Tobacco-related poems, pictures, and print forms produced a self-referential discourse that compared smoking to consuming print, through puns on “leaves,” “volumes,” and “puffs” of speech preserved in paper. Through the medium of smoke, mass print self-consciously began to mediate fantasy, mental relaxation, and reverie. The most famous nineteenth-century literary smoker, Arthur Conan Doyle’s fictional detective Sherlock Holmes, figures this addictive dependency on print in his iconic pipe. His media “addiction” – really a reliance on obscure information – reflects readers’ desire for encyclopedic knowledge. Such desires for cultural mastery drove the popularity of cigarette cards, which featured trivia, and became a staple of working- and middle-class life from their invention in the 1890s. Reframing Holmes as the first “information addict,” the chapter tells the back story of our current intensified appetite for information in a knowledge economy governed by mass media.
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Nitzan, Abraham. "Chemical Reactions In Condensed Phases." In Chemical Dynamics in Condensed Phases. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198529798.003.0021.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Understanding chemical reactions in condensed phases is essentially the understanding of solvent effects on chemical processes. Such effects appear in many ways. Some stem from equilibrium properties, for example, solvation energies and free energy surfaces. Others result from dynamical phenomena: solvent effect on diffusion of reactants toward each other, dynamical cage effects, solvent-induced energy accumulation and relaxation, and suppression of dynamical change in molecular configuration by solvent induced friction. In attempting to sort out these different effects it is useful to note that a chemical reaction proceeds by two principal dynamical processes that appear in three stages. In the first and last stages the reactants are brought together and products are separated from each other. In the middle stage the assembled chemical system undergoes the structural/chemical change. In a condensed phase the first and last stages involve diffusion, sometimes (e.g. when the species involved are charged) in a force field. The middle stage often involves the crossing of a potential barrier. When the barrier is high the latter process is rate-determining. In unimolecular reactions the species that undergoes the chemical change is already assembled and only the barrier crossing process is relevant. On the other hand, in bi-molecular reactions with low barrier (of order kBT or less), the rate may be dominated by the diffusion process that brings the reactants together. It is therefore meaningful to discuss these two ingredients of chemical rate processes separately. Most of the discussion in this chapter is based on a classical mechanics description of chemical reactions. Such classical pictures are relevant to many condensed phase reactions at and above room temperature and, as we shall see, can be generalized when needed to take into account the discrete nature of molecular states. In some situations quantum effects dominate and need to be treated explicitly. This is the case, for example, when tunneling is a rate determining process. Another important class is nonadiabatic reactions, where the rate determining process is hopping (curve crossing) between two electronic states. Such reactions are discussed in Chapter 16.
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Rode, Alan K. "Victory Garden." In Michael Curtiz. University Press of Kentucky, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813173917.003.0026.
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During the war years, Curtiz interspersedhis long hours at the studio with relaxation at the Canoga Ranch.Hal Wallis and Jack Warner had their final falling-out, and Wallis left the studio in April 1944.He set up a production company at Paramount and wooed Curtiz to join him. Curtiz remained loyal to the Warners, but he began making plans for his own independent company. Feeling liberated from Wallis’s oversight, Curtiz directedRoughly Speaking.Mildred Pierce became one of Curtiz’s classic films as he teamed up with the producer Jerry Wald to resurrect Joan Crawford’s career with an Oscar-winning performance.Night and Day was a musical biopic of Cole Porter that pitted Curtiz against itsstar,Cary Grant, who attempted to manage every detail of the production. Despite Grant’s interference, the picture became a huge box-office hit and set the stage for Curtiz to establish his own production company on the Warner lot as World War II came to a triumphant end.
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Perks, Lisa Glebatis. "Binge-Watching Conditions and Multitasking: The Enjoyable Ephemeral." In Binge-Watching and Contemporary Television Studies, 82–97. Edinburgh University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474461986.003.0006.
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Drawing from a study of 120 television viewers who had binge-watched at least two shows in the previous 12 months, this study presents a picture of a viewer who weaves binge-watching into their domestic experience. Many participants were viewing at night through television screens or more mobile screens (such as laptops and tablets) to move the binge-watch out of the living room--most commonly into the bedroom. The two-show comparison suggests that binge-watching behaviors such as co-viewing and multitasking were situational rather than ritualistic. Media multitasking involved several different activities, either related to screens (gaming, texting, perusing social media, working on a computer) or unrelated to screens (eating, knitting, drawing). Although multitasking may diminish the quality of the two coinciding activities, participants reported many multitasking gratifications or benefits, including productivity, alleviating boredom, and relaxation enhancement. These findings gesture toward a view of binge-watching that maximizes an entertainment experience in a way that complements rather than replaces other daily activities and rituals.
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Denner, Jill, Eloy Ortiz, and Linda Werner. "Women and Men in Computer Science." In Gender Considerations and Influence in the Digital Media and Gaming Industry, 18–35. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6142-4.ch002.
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Playing digital games is described as a pathway to computer science (CS) classes and majors, but not all gamers want to study CS. The goal of this chapter is to explore which gaming motivations and practices are most strongly related to an interest in studying computer science, and whether the connection between gaming and computer science is similar for men and women. The data are from 545 male and female gamers taking an introductory computer science class at one of 15 community colleges in the US. Survey responses were analyzed to provide a picture of what, how often, and why they play, and interviews from 39 of the most avid gamers were analyzed for why and how they play. The results show that, on average, men play more frequently than women, and there are gender differences in the type of games they like to play and why they play them. However, playing more frequently was not associated with greater interest in studying CS for either gender. Interest in CS was highest among men who were motivated to play in order to increase skills, be with friends, connect with the game features, and by the art or graphics. However, CS interest was highest among women who consider themselves to be more serious gamers, play racing and puzzle games, play on a game console, and are motivated by fun, relaxation and social interaction. The results can inform efforts to increase the number of women that pursue computer science. The chapter concludes with recommendations for future research on how game play and interest in CS are related.
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Denner, Jill, Eloy Ortiz, and Linda Werner. "Women and Men in Computer Science." In Gamification, 1830–47. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8200-9.ch092.
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Playing digital games is described as a pathway to computer science (CS) classes and majors, but not all gamers want to study CS. The goal of this chapter is to explore which gaming motivations and practices are most strongly related to an interest in studying computer science, and whether the connection between gaming and computer science is similar for men and women. The data are from 545 male and female gamers taking an introductory computer science class at one of 15 community colleges in the US. Survey responses were analyzed to provide a picture of what, how often, and why they play, and interviews from 39 of the most avid gamers were analyzed for why and how they play. The results show that, on average, men play more frequently than women, and there are gender differences in the type of games they like to play and why they play them. However, playing more frequently was not associated with greater interest in studying CS for either gender. Interest in CS was highest among men who were motivated to play in order to increase skills, be with friends, connect with the game features, and by the art or graphics. However, CS interest was highest among women who consider themselves to be more serious gamers, play racing and puzzle games, play on a game console, and are motivated by fun, relaxation and social interaction. The results can inform efforts to increase the number of women that pursue computer science. The chapter concludes with recommendations for future research on how game play and interest in CS are related.
8
Epstein, Irving R., and John A. Pojman. "Complex Oscillations and Chaos." In An Introduction to Nonlinear Chemical Dynamics. Oxford University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195096705.003.0014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
After studying the first seven chapters of this book, the reader may have come to the conclusion that a chemical reaction that exhibits periodic oscillation with a single maximum and a single minimum must be at or near the apex of the pyramid of dynamical complexity. In the words of the song that is sung at the Jewish Passover celebration, the Seder, “Dayenu” (It would have been enough). But nature always has more to offer, and simple periodic oscillation is only the beginning of the story. In this chapter, we will investigate more complex modes of temporal oscillation, including both periodic behavior (in which each cycle can have several maxima and minima in the concentrations) and aperiodic behavior, or chaos (in which no set of concentrations is ever exactly repeated, but the system nonetheless behaves deterministically). Most people who study periodic behavior deal with linear oscillators and therefore tend to think of oscillations as sinusoidal. Chemical oscillators are, as we have seen, decidedly nonlinear, and their waveforms can depart quite drastically from being sinusoidal. Even after accepting that chemical oscillations can look as nonsinusoidal as the relaxation oscillations shown in Figure 4.4, our intuition may still resist the notion that a single period of oscillation might contain two, three, or perhaps twenty-three, maxima and minima. As an example, consider the behavior shown in Figure 8.1, where the potential of a bromide-selective electrode in the BZ reaction in a CSTR shows one large and two small extrema in each cycle of oscillation. The oscillations shown in Figure 8.1 are of the mixed-mode type, in which each period contains a mixture of large-amplitude and small-amplitude peaks. Mixedmode oscillations are perhaps the most commonly occurring form of complex oscillations in chemical systems. In order to develop some intuitive feel for how such behavior might arise, we employ a picture based on slow manifolds and utilized by a variety of authors (Boissonade, 1976; Rössler, 1976; Rinzel, 1987; Barkley, 1988) to analyze mixed-mode oscillations and other forms of complex dynamical behavior.
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Freeman, Daniel, and Jason Freeman. "Doing the Camberwell Walk: Paranoia and Reasoning." In Paranoia. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199237500.003.0008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Welcome to Camberwell, home of the Institute of Psychiatry at King’s College London. In many ways Camberwell is typical of inner-city London: built-up, busy, and ethnically very diverse. It’s also an area of considerable poverty. In the 2004 Index of Multiple Deprivation—a government-sponsored survey of living standards across England—Camberwell was ranked at 6,327 out of 32,482. This sounds alright until you know that the most deprived area is ranked number 1 and the least deprived number 32,482. (Parts of the Anfield area of inner-city north Liverpool were officially deemed the most deprived place in England in 2004; the village of Oakley in rural Hampshire took place number 32,482.) Pictured opposite is the area’s main shopping street. Follow it far enough and it’ll lead you to the Thames, but the wide expanse of the river seems a very long way from the run-down, traffic-clogged, and people-thronged streets of Camberwell. What effect—if any—does an urban environment like this have on paranoia? To find out, we asked fifteen volunteers with strongly paranoid thoughts to walk down the Camberwell Road from the Institute, buy a newspaper, and come back. Afterwards they were given a range of psychological tests. Finally, their test scores were compared to those of fifteen other people, again all with pronounced paranoia, who’d simply stayed at the Institute listening to a relaxation tape. Did making the trip down the Camberwell Road increase the volunteers’ level of paranoia? Absolutely. And given the stressful nature of the environment that didn’t come as a surprise. (As we saw in Chapter 3, there’s a well-established link between stress, particularly in urban environments, and mental illness.) More intriguing though were the results of one particular psychological test: the beads task. In the beads task, participants are presented with two glass jars. One contains 85 orange beads and 15 black beads; the other contains 85 black and 15 orange. The beads have been mixed up in the jars. The researcher conducting the test chooses one of the jars (without telling the participant), and moves them both out of view.
10
Fawcett, W. Ronald. "Spectroscopic Studies of Liquid Structure and Solvation." In Liquids, Solutions, and Interfaces. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195094329.003.0009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Spectroscopy involves the study of the interactions of electromagnetic radiation with matter. In the case of liquids, radiation of a wide range of frequencies, and thus energies, has been used, all the way from radio-frequency waves to X-rays. Experiments involving neutrons, which are associated with very short wavelengths, are also important. In the spectroscopic experiment the incident radiation may be either absorbed or scattered and the experimental information is obtained by examining the intensity and direction of the radiation after it has passed through the sample. Several spectroscopic techniques will be considered in this chapter. X-ray and neutron diffraction techniques are powerful tools for studying the structure of liquids and have been introduced in chapter 2. They may also be used to study the structure of solutions and determine distribution functions for both the solute and solvent. The feasibility of these experiments depends on the number of different nuclei involved in the system. UV-visible spectroscopy is mainly used to study electronic transitions in polyatomic species. These species are often complex ions formed between the electrolyte and the solvent, or between the cation and one or more anions. Vibrational spectroscopy involves electromagnetic radiation of lower energy, usually in the infrared region. It is used to study intramolecular vibrational modes and how they are altered by the environment in solution. It can also be used to study the bonds formed between solute and solvent in the solvation process. Finally, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and its application to the study of solvation will be discussed. This is a particularly powerful technique because it provides information about the environment of a given nucleus, and experiments specific to a given nucleus can be carried out provided the nucleus has a non-zero magnetic moment. Several other spectroscopic techniques are commonly used [G1] but those considered here provide a representative picture of what can be learnt from those experiments. One should remember that the atoms and molecules in liquids are not motionless but in a state of flux determined by the intermolecular interactions and temperature. From the study of microwave spectroscopy discussed in chapter 4, it was found that rotational diffusion processes in liquids are characterized by relaxation times the order of a few picoseconds.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Relaxation pictures"
1
Zhao, Wandong, Ben Xu, and Ying Zhang. "Three-Dimensional Multiple-Relaxation-Time Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Vapor Condensation on Subcooled Wall." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-88490.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Oscillating flows and multiphase heat transfer processes frequently occur in many engineering and scientific applications and systems, as is the case in enhanced geothermal energy, CO2 sequestration and storage, and in evaporation in soil, to name a few. Nevertheless, modeling of such flows is a rather challenging task due to the complex interfacial dynamics among different phases and solid porous structures. Over the decades, several types of Lattice Boltzmann (LB) models for multiphase flows have been developed under different physical pictures, for example the color-gradient model, Single-Relaxation-Time (SRT) pseudopotential model, and the HSD model. In this study, a pseudopotential Multiple-Relaxation-Time (MRT) LBM simulation will be utilized to simulate incompressible oscillating flow and condensation in 2D porous media. Initially, the model will be used to optimize the porous structure in order to have the maximum condensation rate of water vapor. Subsequently, the effects of contacting angle, wettability, oscillating frequency and phase angle to the heat flux, the temperature field of porous media, and the condensation rate will be discussed. Moreover, a multiscale approach will be considered in order to couple the heat transfer in macroscale applications. It is expected that such an approach will provide a different perspective regarding the engineering applications involved with oscillating flow and multiphase heat transfer processes.
2
Zhao, Wandong, Ben Xu, and Ying Zhang. "Numerical Simulation of Oscillating Multiphase Heat Transfer in Parallel Plates Using Pseudopotential Multiple-Relaxation-Time Lattice Boltzmann Method." In ASME 2018 Power Conference collocated with the ASME 2018 12th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2018 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2018-7544.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Multiphase flows frequently occur in many important engineering and scientific applications, but modeling of such flows is a rather challenging task due to complex interfacial dynamics between different phases, let alone if the flow is oscillating in the porous media. Using humid air as the working fluid in the thermoacoustic refrigerator is one of the research focus to improve the thermoacoustic performance, but the corresponding effect is the condensation of humid air in the thermal stack. Due to the small sized spacing of thermal stack and the need to explore the detailed condensation process in oscillating flow, a mesoscale numerical approach need to be developed. Over the decades, several types of Lattice Boltzmann (LB) models for multiphase flows have been developed under different physical pictures, for example the color-gradient model, the Shan-Chen model, the nonideal pressure tensor model and the HSD model. In the current study, a pseudopotential Multiple-Relaxation-Time (MRT) LBM simulation was utilized to simulate the incompressible oscillating flow and condensation in parallel plates. In the initial stage of condensation, the oscillating flow benefits to accumulate the saturated vapor at the exit regions, and the velocity vector of saturated vapor clearly showed the flow over the droplets. It was also concluded that if the condensate can be removed out from the parallel plates, the oscillating flow and condensation will continuously feed the cold surface to form more water droplets. The effect of wettability to the condensation was discussed, and it turned out that by increasing the wettability, the saturated water vapor was easier to condense on the cold walls, and the distance between each pair of droplets was also strongly affected by the wettability. It’s expected that this study can be used to optimize and redesign the structure of thermal stack in order to produce more condensed water, also this multiphase approach can be extended to more complicated 3D structures.
3
Zareian, Ramin, Nima Saeidi, and Jeffrey W. Ruberti. "Strain-Influenced Degradation of Native Collagenous Tissue in a Very-Low Volume, Environmentally-Controlled Bioreactor." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-13084.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We have hypothesized that collagenous matrix is an intrinsically smart biomaterial which resists enzymatic attack when under tensile strain. Testing this hypothesis requires the ability expose native tissue to low volumes of enzyme (due to their expense) while tracking mechanical response. In this study, we have developed an environmentally-controlled, mechanochemical bioreactor which permits load/strain tracking and direct observation of degrading tissue (polarization pictures) in a very small volume chamber (∼ 500 ul). In the device, the chamber “reaction volume” is formed between two layers of inert immiscible fluids. The device permitted exposure of the native tissue strips (∼6.0 mm × 0.7 mm × 13.5 mm) to small volumes of enzyme solution while it tracked the degradation-induced stress relaxation (to 0.01N accuracy) and provided direct observation of the tissue polarization signal. As expected in this small series, tissue with the higher (4% and 8%) strain degraded much more slowly compared to the lower (2%) strain. The new method successfully tracked collagen degradation (at high resolution) induced by a small volume of enzyme. The ability to perform these tests will permit the use of more expensive and physiologically relevant MMPs.
4
Zhao, Zijian, Rahul Palaniappan Kanthabhabha Jeya, and Abdel-Hakim Bouzid. "Creep Modeling of Polyvinyl Chloride Bolted Flange Joints." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-72406.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Alike other polymer material, PolyVinyl Chloride (PVC) shows a clear creep behavior, the rate of which is influenced by temperature, load and time. Polyvinyl chloride bolted flange joints undergo relaxation under compression for which the material creep properties are different than those under tension. Since the sealing capacity of a flanged gasketed joint is impacted by the amount of relaxation that takes place, it is important to properly address and predict the relaxation behavior due to flange creep under compression and reduce the chances of leakage failure of PVC flange joints. The main objective is study the creep behavior of PVC flanges under the influence of normal operating conditions. This is achieved by developing a PVC creep model based on creep test data under various compressive load, temperature and time. A simulation of a PVC flange relaxation behavior bot numerically and experimentally is conducted on an NPS 3 class 150 bolted flange joint of dissimilar materials one made of PVC material and the other one by steel SA105. The study also provides a clear picture on how the compression creep data on Ring specimen may be utilized for predicating the flange performance under various operating temperatures with time.
5
Amanatidis, Georgios, Georgios Birmpas, and Vangelis Markakis. "Comparing Approximate Relaxations of Envy-Freeness." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/6.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In fair division problems with indivisible goods it is well known that one cannot have any guarantees for the classic fairness notions of envy-freeness and proportionality. As a result, several relaxations have been introduced, most of which in quite recent works. We focus on four such notions, namely envy-freeness up to one good (EF1), envy-freeness up to any good (EFX), maximin share fairness (MMS), and pairwise maximin share fairness (PMMS). Since obtaining these relaxations also turns out to be problematic in several scenarios, approximate versions of them have also been considered. In this work, we investigate further the connections between the four notions mentioned above and their approximate versions. We establish several tight or almost tight results concerning the approximation quality that any of these notions guarantees for the others, providing an almost complete picture of this landscape. Some of our findings reveal interesting and surprising consequences regarding the power of these notions, e.g., PMMS and EFX provide the same worst-case guarantee for MMS, despite PMMS being a strictly stronger notion than EFX. We believe such implications provide further insight on the quality of approximately fair solutions.
6
Pascual-Gutie´rrez, Jose´ A., Jayathi Y. Murthy, and Raymond Viskanta. "Thermal Conductivity and Phonon Transport Properties of Silicon Using Perturbation Theory and the Environment-Dependent Interatomic Potential." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12934.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Perturbation theory is used to compute the strength of three-phonon and isotope scattering mechanisms in silicon using the Environment-Dependent Interatomic Potential (EDIP) without resorting to any parameter-fitting. A detailed methodology to accurately find three-phonon processes satisfying energy- and momentum-conservation rules is described. Bulk silicon thermal conductivity values are computed across a range of temperatures and shown to match experimental data well. It is found that about two-thirds of the heat transport in bulk silicon may be attributed to transverse acoustic modes. Effective relaxation times and mean free paths are computed in order to provide a more complete picture of the detailed transport mechanisms and for use with carrier transport models based on the Boltzmann transport equation.
7
Pietrzyk, J. R., D. G. Bogard, and M. E. Crawford. "Effects of Density Ratio on the Hydrodynamics of Film Cooling." In ASME 1989 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/89-gt-175.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper presents the results of a detailed hydrodynamic study of a row of inclined jets issuing into a crossflow with a density ratio of injectant to freestream of two. Laser Doppler anemometry was used to measure the vertical and streamwise components of velocity for a jet-to-freestream mass flux ratio of 0.5. Mean velocity components and turbulent Reynolds normal and shear stress components were measured at locations in a vertical plane along the centerline of the jet from 1 diameter upstream to 30 diameters downstream of the jet. The results, which have application to film cooling, give a quantitative picture of the entire flow field, from the approaching flow upstream of the jet, through the interaction region of the jet and freestream, to the relaxation region downstream where the flow field approaches that of a standard turbulent boundary layer.
8
Chakraborty, Mithun, Ulrike Schmidt-Kraepelin, and Warut Suksompong. "Picking Sequences and Monotonicity in Weighted Fair Division." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/12.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We study the problem of fairly allocating indivisible items to agents with different entitlements, which captures, for example, the distribution of ministries among political parties in a coalition government. Our focus is on picking sequences derived from common apportionment methods, including five traditional divisor methods and the quota method. We paint a complete picture of these methods in relation to known envy-freeness and proportionality relaxations for indivisible items as well as monotonicity properties with respect to the resource, population, and weights. In addition, we provide characterizations of picking sequences satisfying each of the fairness notions, and show that the well-studied maximum Nash welfare solution fails resource- and population-monotonicity even in the unweighted setting. Our results serve as an argument in favor of using picking sequences in weighted fair division problems.
9
Yuan, Yuan, and Diana-Andra Borca-Tasciuc. "The Influence of Coating and Agglomeration on Specific Absorption Rate of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles." In ASME 2011 9th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2011-58217.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Magnetic nanofluids can be remotely heated by alternating magnetic field and have significant potential for cancer hyperthermia therapy. The heat generated by magnetic nanoparticles is typically quantified by the specific absorption rate (SAR), which represents the thermal power per unit mass of magnetic material generated in the presence of an alternating magnetic field. During hyperthermia treatment, heat dosage of tumor tissue correlates with slowing tumor growth. The therapeutic ratios of cancer can be increased with the use of biofunctionalized magnetic nanoparticles that have higher SAR for modest amplitudes of magnetic field[1]. Hence, understanding the factors that control the heat generation of magnetic nanoparticle suspensions is important to design fluids with optimized biocompatibility and functionality. In all biomedical applications, the nanoparticles must be coated on the surface to prevent their agglomeration [2], enhance biocompatibility and allow targeting to a specific area. Existing studies have shown that the SAR of nanoparticles may change in the presence of functional coating[3–5]. However, while these studies show that the coating may affect the heat generation rate, there is a limited understanding on the mechanisms that cause that changes of SAR. Hence, it is important to carry out a systematic investigation of nanoparticles similar in size but with different organic coating relevant to biomedical applications to obtain a more complete picture of the mechanisms contributing to changes in SAR. In this work, we present a review of our efforts in this area. Specifically, in our studies we are investigating the correlation between the magnetic and physical properties of commercially available nanoparticles systems and their heat generation rate. The susceptibility and SAR of suspensions of coated and uncoated iron oxide nanoparticles of similar particle size are measured. The coatings selected are highly relevant to biomedical applications and include amine and carboxyl functionalization as well as bioaffine ligands such as protein and biotin. The particle and cluster size was determined from transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and Dynamic light scattering (DLS). TEM and DLS studies suggested that clusters exist in samples. A summary of all morphological properties together with pH of each suspension is shown in Table.1. The AC magnetic susceptibility of the suspensions was measured as a function of frequency with an in-house made apparatus. Finally SAR was determined by heating the suspension in a commercial induction system and measuring the temperature rise as function of time with a fiber optic sensor. Following these measurements, the SAR values were predicted in two ways: 1) based on measured AC susceptibility and 2) based on particle physical and magnetic properties, starting from Debye model for susceptibility. The normalized predicted and experimental SAR values for all samples are also shown in Table 1. From Table 1, it was found that pH may influence aggregation as described in Ref [6], which indicated that at pH about 2 nanoparticles are highly charged preventing their aggregation while in pH in 6–10 suspensions aggregations are more significant. Normalized SAR of nanoparticle system with aggregations seems to be not related to concentration, different from the well dispersed system[7]. The carboxyl coated sample has smallest diameter and show the lowest SAR, as reported in Ref[8]. The results of suspensions of uncoated iron oxide nanoparticles as well as particles coated with amine groups show that normalized experimental SAR (NSARE) agrees relatively well with calculated SAR using experimental susceptibility (NSARC_χ″E); poor agreement was found when experimental susceptibility was substituted with calculated one (NSART_χ″C) using Debye model, which is developed for non-interacting magnetic particles. These results suggest that the coating do not have a direct effect on SAR. On the other hand, agglomeration, which was present in both samples, may lead to dipolar interaction between nanoparticles and enhancement in magnetic properties and SAR. For carboxyl coated sample which has negligible clustering, showed no temperature increase and zero imaginary part of susceptibility. Therefore, good agreement between Debye-model based predictions of SAR and experimental results were obtained in this sample. However, unexpected results were obtained for bioaffine ligands coated sample, where the experimental SAR values are higher than the SAR values determined based on experimental susceptibility. Protein coated sample, which has the larger clusters among the two samples, has a heat generation rate is 6 times higher than the prediction. Meanwhile, the biotin coated sample which has relatively smaller clusters show only a small increase in heat generation rate. A possible explanation for these results is the loss of superparamagnetic character and an opening in hysteresis loop at test frequency for suspensions with large clusters, which may increase the dissipated power above that produced by the relaxation heat losses [9]. Above results show that coating had little effect on SAR. On the other hand, aggregations and clusters may significantly affect SAR, possibly due to dipolar interaction between nanoparticles in suspensions with relatively small clusters or loss of superparmagnetic characters when very large clusters are present.
Звіти організацій з теми "Relaxation pictures"
1
Kiv, A. E., T. I. Maximova, and V. N. Soloviev. Microstructure of the relaxed (001) Si surface. [б. в.], October 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1244.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We have applied molecular dynamics method and semi-empirical potential [1] to obtain the realistic picture of Si surface layers relaxation. The starting configuration was taken as a parallelepiped containing 864 atoms. There were 12 layers with 72 atoms in each one. Periodic boundary conditions were used in two dimensions.
2
Kiv, A. E., T. I. Maximova, and V. N. Soloviev. Microstructure of the relaxed (001) Si surface. [б. в.], December 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1245.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We have applied molecular dynamics method and semi-empirical potential [1] to obtain the realistic picture of Si surface layers relaxation.The starting configuration was taken as a parallelepiped containing 864 atoms. There were 12 layers with 72 atoms in each one. Periodic boundary conditions were used in two dimensions. At first all atoms were in normal lattice positions. The relaxation of Si surface, which corresponds to (001) plane was investigated. MD method was applied in its standard form i.e. the equations of motion were solved by using of the central difference scheme. The time-step was 10-14s.