Готові списки джерел за темами / Reinforced concrete construction

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Reinforced concrete construction"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021
Оновлено: 30 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Reinforced concrete construction"

1

Wu, Li-Ming, Zi-Jian Wang, Yong-Zai Chang, Feng Gao, Bin Zhang, Yi Wu, and Han-Xiu Fan. "Vibration Performance of Steel Fiber Concrete Tunnel Lining by Adjacent Tunnel Blasting Construction." Applied Sciences 13, no. 7 (March 26, 2023): 4201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13074201.

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When constructing tunnels in mountainous areas, the drilling and blasting method is the most commonly used because of its economy. Ordinary reinforced concrete itself has defects such as poor crack resistance and brittleness. Therefore, when using the drilling and blasting method for ordinary reinforced concrete double-line tunnels, vibration phenomena will occur and cause cracks in the first-line tunnels, which will have adverse effects on the durability and safety of the tunnel. As a response, scholars have proposed the use of steel fiber-reinforced concrete as tunnel lining. In this paper, the LS-DYNA software is used to establish three models of plain concrete, ordinary concrete, and steel fiber-reinforced concrete, and numerical analysis is conducted with different amounts of explosives. The results show that the steel fiber-reinforced concrete tunnel lining has better performance than the other two concretes in tunnel construction.
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2

Lin, Yue Zhong. "On the Load of Reinforced Concrete Column by Seawater Corrosion." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 975–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.975.

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The reinforced concrete construction of port, wharf, inshore platform etc, which expose in the bad environment, can suffer influence of the corrosion and lower its safety. Particularly with the seawater corrosion, the reinforced concrete construction will suffer to break easily and result a bigness of loss. Therefore, the construction's safe and dependable increasingly become the important problem that study by people. The paper tested the load about 15 experiment columns of reinforced concrete, which are eroded in the artificial seawater corrosion, studied the load changing of reinforced concrete column which in different times of suffering decay. It afforded the basis for analysis the load of reinforced concrete construction in the corrosion environment.
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3

Gu, Chun Ping, Wei Sun, Li Ping Guo, and Qian Nan Wang. "Ultrahigh Performance Concrete: A Potential Material for Sustainable Marine Construction in View of the Service Life." Applied Mechanics and Materials 438-439 (October 2013): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.438-439.108.

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Ultrahigh performance concretes (UHPC) are promising materials for the next generation infrastructures due to their superior mechanical properties and durability. In this paper, comparison studies were conducted to show the potential of UHPC for sustainable constructions in chloride environments in view of service life. For reinforced concrete, the service life was calculated with analytical solution of Ficks second law on diffusion. And for reinforced concrete with nonlinear initial chloride profiles and depth-dependent chloride diffusion coefficient, a numerical method based on the Crank-Nicholson numerical scheme was adopted to predict the service life. The results show that the reinforced concrete structures constructed and repaired with UHPC have much longer service life than that of normal concrete (NC) and high performance concrete (HPC). It hence needs less cost for maintenance and reconstruction, which fulfills the requirements of sustainable construction.
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4

Deaconu, O., and GC Chiţonu. "Using fibers in construction." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1242, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1242/1/012013.

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Abstract This article is an overview about alternative solutions for reinforced concrete by using different types of fibers. The use of fiber reinforced concrete when is compared to the conventional reinforced concrete solutions. This study has taken in consideration structural performance and the total cost. The use of fibers or dispersed reinforcement also improves some of the characteristics of concrete, such as those related to: cracking, freezing, durability, erosion of ordinary or marine water, wind erosion, permeability, etc. In order to correct to a large extent, the unfavorable characteristics of the reinforced concrete, in the mass of the fresh concrete various types of fibers can be mixed and incorporated in the use of concrete with dispersed reinforcement. As materials often used as fibers, the most commonly are: hooked-end steel (steel fibers), straight polypropylene and straight polyolefin, glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, natural hemp fibers, jute, hair, straw, etc.
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FOTIN, O. V. "Construction of Precast Reinforced Concrete." Stroitel'nye Materialy, no. 4 (2023): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31659/0585-430x-2023-812-4-32-34.

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6

Akramov, Khusnitdin, Rakhimbay Yusupov, and Jasurbek Ergashov. "Efficient technology of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete for use in monolithic construction." E3S Web of Conferences 452 (2023): 06003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202345206003.

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The development and production of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete have been carried out on a large scale recently, driven by the efficiency of using basalt fibers as a micro-reinforcing additive in cement-based concretes. For the successful application of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete in monolithic construction, there must be an accessible and efficient technology for commonly used concrete compositions. This paper presents the results of an analysis of foreign literature sources, which conclude that new experimental research is needed to improve the compositions and technology of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete using local construction materials. The article provides the results of such research and recommendations for an efficient basalt fiber-reinforced concrete technology.The conducted research has shown that introducing basalt fiber into the composition of heavy concrete according to the proposed technology contributes to a 15% increase in compressive strength compared to similar concrete without micro-reinforcement. Additionally, it is possible to save up to 10% or more on cement consumption.
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Kurpińska, Marzena, Beata Grzyl, and Adam Kristowski. "A Study on Fibre-Reinforced Concrete Elements Properties Based on the Case of Habitat Modules in the Underwater Sills." Polish Maritime Research 27, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pomr-2020-0015.

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AbstractHydrotechnical constructions are mostly objects functioning in extreme conditions and requiring a custom-made construction project. In the case of using prefabricated elements, it is required to develop production, transport, assembly, conservation and repair technology. Concerning the problem of concrete cracks, modern repair systems allow positive effects to be achieved in many cases of concrete elements repair. In this work an attempt has been made to assess the properties of concrete, situated in the Baltic Sea environment, in which traditional rebar was partly replaced by dispersed fibre-phase. Fibre-reinforced concrete belongs to the group of composite materials. The presence of fibres helps to increase the tensile strength, flexural strength and resilience and also prevents the appearance of cracks. In the given paper we will also discuss basic parameters of steel and polymer fibres and the influence of both types of fibres on the maturing and hardened concrete. In this work special attention has been paid to the advantages of polypropylene and polymer fibres with regard to commonly-known steel fibres. The use of synthetic fibres will be advantageous in constructions where the reduction of shrinkage cracks and high resilience are essential. On top of that, the use of synthetic fibres is highly recommended when constructing objects that will be exposed to the impact of an aggressive environment. Undoubtedly, polymer fibres are resistant to the majority of corrosive environments. Fibre-reinforced concretes are a frequently implemented construction solution. The possibility of concrete modification allows the emergence of new construction materials with improved physical-mechanical properties, under the condition of being applied relevantly.
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8

Vogel, Filip. "Production and Use of the Textile Reinforced Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 982 (July 2014): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.982.59.

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This article discusses about the textile reinforced concrete. The textile reinforced concrete is a new material with great possibilities for modern construction. The textile reinforced concrete consists of cement matrix and textile reinforcement of high strength fibers. This combination of cement matrix and textile reinforcement is an innovative combination of materials for use in the construction. The main advantage of the textile reinforced concrete is a high tensile strength and ductile behavior. The textile reinforced concrete is corrosion resistant. With these mechanical properties can be used textile reinforced concrete in modern construction.
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9

Schmeckpeper, Edwin R., and Charles H. Goodspeed. "Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Grid for Reinforced Concrete Construction." Journal of Composite Materials 28, no. 14 (August 1994): 1288–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002199839402801401.

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10

Ischenko, Aleksandr, and Anastasia Borisova. "Application of fiber-reinforced concrete in high-rise construction." E3S Web of Conferences 164 (2020): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016402005.

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In this research, we study the use of fiber-reinforced concrete, including steel fiber-reinforced concrete in the construction of outrigger floors of a high-rise building. The definition and classification of fiber-reinforced concrete as a construction material, the methodology for calculating high-rise buildings using fiber-reinforced concrete, the advantages and disadvantages of this composite material, and the specifics of its use are formulated. The domestic and foreign experience in use of fiber-reinforced concrete is analyzed. The rationale for its use on the experience of construction of residential building in seismically active regions is given. A comparative analysis of concrete and fiber concrete use in the outrigger floors’ construction is carried out.
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Дисертації з теми "Reinforced concrete construction"

1

Lau, Shuk-lei. "Rehabilitation of reinforced concrete beam-column joints using glass fibre reinforced polymer sheets." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B32001630.

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Lau, Shuk-lei, and 劉淑妮. "Rehabilitation of reinforced concrete beam-column joints using glass fibre reinforced polymer sheets." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B32001630.

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3

Mahjoub-Moghaddas, Hamid. "Tensile and shear impact strength of concrete and fibre reinforced concrete." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261439.

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4

黃玉平 and Yuping Huang. "Nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete structures." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31233090.

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Huang, Yuping. "Nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete structures /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13458917.

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Betaque, Andrew D. "Evaluation of software for analysis and design of reinforced concrete structures." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09192009-040235/.

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7

Ho, Ching-ming Johnny, and 何正銘. "Inelastic design of reinforced concrete beams and limited ductilehigh-strength concrete columns." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B27500305.

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8

Cheng, Bei, and 程蓓. "Retrofitting of deep concrete coupling beams by laterally restrained side plates." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45791132.

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9

Wong, Koon-Wan. "Non-linear behaviour of reinforced concrete frames /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1989. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw872.pdf.

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10

Wang, Lu, and 王璐. "Post-compressed plates for strengthening preloaded reinforced concretecolumns." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50162664.

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Reinforced concrete (RC) columns are the primary load-bearing structural components in buildings. Over time these columns may need to be repaired or strengthened either due to defective construction, having higher loads than those foreseen in the initial design of the structure, or as a result of material deterioration or accidental damage. Three external strengthening methods, namely steel jacketing, concrete jacketing and composite jacketing, are commonly adopted for upgrading the ultimate load capacity of RC columns. Among these strengthening techniques for RC columns, steel jacketing, which is easy to construct, less prone to debonding and has better fire resistance than bonded plates, has been proven to be an effective retrofitting scheme and is the most commonly used. Different methods for strengthening existing RC columns have been proposed in the literature. However, no matter which jacket is used to strengthen RC columns, the adverse effects of pre-existing loads on stress-lagging between the concrete core and the new jacket have yet to be solved. In order to deal with this problem, a new postcompression approach was proposed for strengthening preloaded RC columns. In this approach, the slightly precambered steel plates were used. The advantages of this ‘post-compressed plates’ (PCP) strengthening technique are that both the strength and deformability of existing columns can be enhanced and the design life of old buildings can be prolonged. Due to the aforementioned advantages, the PCP strengthening technique was investigated in this study. To begin with, axial compression tests of the PCP strengthened columns were conducted. The overall response, in particular the internal force distribution between concrete and steel plates was obtained. It was observed that the plate thickness and preloading level had dominant effects on the behaviour of PCP strengthened columns. Subsequently, eccentric compression tests of PCP strengthened columns were undertaken. The behaviour of PCP strengthened columns was mainly affected by the degree of eccentricity and plate thickness. Placing flat and precambered steel plates on the tension and compression sides respectively of the RC columns and using post-compression method on the compression side can significantly improve the ultimate load capacity of RC columns under large eccentricity; while placing precambered steel plates on the side faces of the RC columns can significantly improve the ultimate load capacity of RC columns under small eccentricity. Finally, axial compression tests of PCP repaired fire-exposed columns were carried out. The ultimate load capacity of fire-exposed columns can be restored up to 72% of original level by using this post-compression approach. The corresponding theoretical models were also developed to predict the ultimate load capacity of PCP strengthened columns. Comparison of theoretical and experimental results showed that the theoretical models accurately predicted the load-carrying capacities of PCP strengthened columns. According to the experimental and theoretical results, a unified design procedure for the PCP strengthened columns was proposed to aid engineers in designing this new type of PCP strengthened columns and to ensure proper column detailing for desirable performance. The design procedure was validated by the available experimental and theoretical results.
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Книги з теми "Reinforced concrete construction"

1

Wang, Chu-Kia. Reinforced concrete design. 4th ed. New York: Harper & Row, 1985.

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2

Wang, Chu-Kia. Reinforced concrete design. 6th ed. Menlo Park, Calif: Addison-Wesley, 1998.

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3

Wang, Chu-kia. Reinforced concrete design. 7th ed. New York: Wiley, 2003.

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4

Wang, Chu-Kia. Reinforced concrete design. 7th ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2007.

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5

Wang, Chu-Kia. Reinforced concrete design. 5th ed. New York, NY: HarperCollins, 1992.

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6

L, Gamble W., ed. Reinforced concrete slabs. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley, 2000.

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7

G, Nawy Edward, ed. Simplified reinforced concrete. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1986.

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8

French, Samuel E. Reinforced concrete technology. Albany, N.Y: Delmar Publishers, 1994.

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9

Pillai, S. U. Reinforced concrete design. 3rd ed. Whitby, Ont: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 1999.

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10

McCormac, Jack C. Design of reinforced concrete. 3rd ed. New York: HarperCollins College Publishers, 1992.

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Частини книг з теми "Reinforced concrete construction"

1

Mosley, W. H., J. H. Bungey, and R. Hulse. "Composite construction." In Reinforced Concrete Design, 350–73. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14911-7_13.

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2

Moro, José Luis. "Reinforced Concrete." In Building-Construction Design - From Principle to Detail, 455–84. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61742-7_17.

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3

Mitchell, Charles F., and George A. Mitchell. "Reinforced Concrete or Ferro-Concrete." In Building Construction and Drawing 1906, 502–15. 4th ed. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003261674-11.

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4

Dickey, Walter L. "Reinforced Concrete Masonry Construction." In Handbook of Concrete Engineering, 632–62. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0857-8_17.

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5

Garrido Vazquez, E., A. Naked Haddad, E. Linhares Qualharini, L. Amaral Alves, and I. Amorim Féo. "Pathologies in Reinforced Concrete Structures." In Sustainable Construction, 213–28. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0651-7_10.

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Bussell, Michael. "Conservation of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete." In Structures & Construction in Historic Building Conservation, 192–210. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470691816.ch11.

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Setareh, Mehdi, and Robert Darvas. "Metric System in Reinforced Concrete Design and Construction." In Concrete Structures, 591–605. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24115-9_10.

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Vera-Agullo, J., V. Chozas-Ligero, D. Portillo-Rico, M. J. García-Casas, A. Gutiérrez-Martínez, J. M. Mieres-Royo, and J. Grávalos-Moreno. "Mortar and Concrete Reinforced with Nanomaterials." In Nanotechnology in Construction 3, 383–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00980-8_52.

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Němeček, Jiří, and Yunping Xi. "Electrochemical Injection of Nanoparticles into Existing Reinforced Concrete Structures." In Nanotechnology in Construction, 213–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17088-6_27.

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Ghosh, Bidhan, and T. Senthil Vadivel. "Fly Ash-Based Jute Fiber Reinforced Concrete." In Circular Economy in the Construction Industry, 199–205. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003217619-27.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Reinforced concrete construction"

1

Schladitz, Frank, Emanuel Lägel, and Daniel Ehlig. "Carbon reinforced concrete and temperature." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.0486.

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<p>Carbon reinforced concrete — a combination of non-corroding carbon reinforcement and concrete — has been investigated for over 20 years and has been used extensively in construction practice for more than 10 years for new constructions and for renovation. Wall and ceiling constructions in building construction as well as bridges and platform systems were newly erected, but also roofs, silos and bridges were renovated. During its manufacturing process but also during its time of use, carbon reinforced concrete can be affected by temperature stresses. The paper starts with an overview of how the temperature characteristics at different temperatures are to be evaluated. Furthermore, it will be shown how mat-like carbon reinforcement with its electrical conductivity and the high specific electrical resistance of approx. 16 Ω-mm²/m can be used for the deliberate heating of carbon concrete components. In addition, carbon reinforcement can be used to achieve thermal prestressing of fresh concrete components similar to prestressed glass panes.</p>
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Schladitz, Frank, Matthias Tietze, Matthias Lieboldt, Alexander Schumann, Maria Patricia Garibaldi, and Manfred Curbach. "Carbon reinforced concrete in construction practice." In IABSE Conference, Kuala Lumpur 2018: Engineering the Developing World. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/kualalumpur.2018.0348.

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<p>One of the world's largest R &amp; D projects within the construction industry focuses on carbon reinforced concrete technology. Civil engineering is an old-fashioned industry with very slow innovation strength. Despite this difficulty, a new method of construction, planning and industrial production shall be established to solve most pressing foreseen problems. The new composite material made of carbon and concrete is leading the way to establish a new durable, lightweight and resource efficient building method. Furthermore, the use of carbon reinforced concrete in single construction projects has increased in the last years. The purpose of this paper is to show the range of application that is already possible in carbon reinforced concrete.</p>
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"Sustainable and Durable Reinforced Concrete Construction." In "SP-209: ACI Fifth Int Conf Innovations in Design with Emphasis on Seismic, Wind and Environmental Loading, Quality Con". American Concrete Institute, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/12500.

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Shepelev, Alexander, Alexander Pischulev, and Rustam Ibatullin. "Precast reinforced concrete crossbar of reduced height." In ADVANCES IN SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0103510.

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Pohribnyi, Volodymyr, Oksana Dovzhenko, Yevhenii Klymenko, and Oleksiy Fenko. "Concrete and reinforced concrete shear: An improved strength calculation method." In INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN CONSTRUCTION, CIVIL ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0118689.

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Moy, Charles, and Silas Oluwadahunsi. "Textile-reinforced mortar external strengthening of corroded reinforced concrete beams." In Fifth International Conference on Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies. Coventry University and The University of Wisconsin Milwaukee Centre for By-products Utilization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18552/2019/idscmt5181.

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"Flexural Crack Control in Reinforced Concrete." In SP-204: Design and Construction Practices to Mitigate Cracking. American Concrete Institute, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/10817.

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Shahzad, Summer, Kasperi Pirttikoski, and Sebastien Wolf. "Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete for Sustainable Construction." In IABSE Congress, New Delhi 2023: Engineering for Sustainable Development. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newdelhi.2023.0322.

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<p>Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) has gained significant popularity in the construction industry due to its enhanced mechanical properties and cost-effectiveness compared to traditional reinforced concrete. The use of SFRC has increased in recent years in various applications, such as industrial floors, tunnel lining segments, precast elements, and special load bearing structures such as foundation rafts on ground or on piles. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of SFRC in today’s Finnish construction industry, highlighting its benefits but also the challenges. This paper also deals with the sustainability of material, with the efforts that are being made to introduce green steel fibres made with recycled material and their production from green source of energy, which in the end will have less embodied carbon footprint.</p>
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Budi, Agus Setiya, and A. P. Rahmadi. "Performance of wulung bamboo reinforced concrete beams." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING ENGINEERING (ICONBUILD) 2017: Smart Construction Towards Global Challenges. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5011490.

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10

""Design, Construction, and Monitoring of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Reinforced Concrete Bridge Deck"." In SP-188: 4th Intl Symposium - Fiber Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement for Reinforced Concrete Structures. American Concrete Institute, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/5681.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Reinforced concrete construction"

1

Roesler, Jeffery, Sachindra Dahal, Dan Zollinger, and W. Jason Weiss. Summary Findings of Re-engineered Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement: Volume 1. Illinois Center for Transportation, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-011.

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This research project conducted laboratory testing on the design and impact of internal curing on concrete paving mixtures with supplementary cementitious materials and evaluated field test sections for the performance of crack properties and CRCP structure under environmental and FWD loading. Three experimental CRCP sections on Illinois Route 390 near Itasca, IL and two continuously reinforced concrete beams at UIUC ATREL test facilities were constructed and monitored. Erodibility testing was performed on foundation materials to determine the likelihood of certain combinations of materials as suitable base/subbase layers. A new post-tensioning system for CRCP was also evaluated for increased performance and cost-effectiveness. This report volume summarizes the three year research effort evaluating design, material, and construction features that have the potential for reducing the initial cost of CRCP without compromising its long-term performance.
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Scheerer, Silke, and Manfred Curbach, eds. Leicht Bauen mit Beton – Grundlagen für das Bauen der Zukunft mit bionischen und mathematischen Entwurfsprinzipien (Abschlussbericht). Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Massivbau, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.162.

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Reinforced concrete is the most widely used building material today. It can be produced universally and cheaply almost anywhere in the world. However, this is accompanied by high CO2 emissions and considerable consumption of natural resources. In the DFG Priority Programme 1542, a wide variety of approaches were therefore investigated to find out how the material can be used more efficiently and thus how concrete construction can be made fit for the future. This final report on SPP 1542 “Concrete Light“ (funded from 2011 to 2022) presents the most important results.
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Nema, Arpit, and Jose Restrep. Low Seismic Damage Columns for Accelerated Bridge Construction. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/zisp3722.

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This report describes the design, construction, and shaking table response and computation simulation of a Low Seismic-Damage Bridge Bent built using Accelerated Bridge Construction methods. The proposed bent combines precast post-tensioned columns with precast foundation and bent cap to simplify off- and on-site construction burdens and minimize earthquake-induced damage and associated repair costs. Each column consists of reinforced concrete cast inside a cylindrical steel shell, which acts as the formwork, and the confining and shear reinforcement. The column steel shell is engineered to facilitate the formation of a rocking interface for concentrating the deformation demands in the columns, thereby reducing earthquake-induced damage. The precast foundation and bent cap have corrugated-metal-duct lined sockets, where the columns will be placed and grouted on-site to form the column–beam joints. Large inelastic deformation demands in the structure are concentrated at the column–beam interfaces, which are designed to accommodate these demands with minimal structural damage. Longitudinal post-tensioned high-strength steel threaded bars, designed to respond elastically, ensure re-centering behavior. Internal mild steel reinforcing bars, debonded from the concrete at the interfaces, provide energy dissipation and impact mitigation.
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4

Ramey, M. R., and G. Daie-e. Preliminary investigation on the suitablity of using fiber reinforced concrete in the construction of a hazardous waste disposal vessel. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6382922.

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Diggs-McGee, Brandy, Eric Kreiger, Megan Kreiger, and Michael Case. Print time vs. elapsed time : a temporal analysis of a continuous printing operation. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41422.

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In additive construction, ambitious goals to fabricate a concrete building in less than 24 hours are attempted. In the field, this goal relies on a metric of print time to make this conclusion, which excludes rest time and delays. The task to complete a building in 24 hours was put to the test with the first attempt at a fully continuous print of a structurally reinforced additively constructed concrete (ACC) building. A time series analysis was performed during the construction of a 512 ft2 (16’x32’x9.25’) building to explore the effect of delays on the completion time. This analysis included a study of the variation in comprehensive layer print times, expected trends and forecasting for what is expected in future prints of similar types. Furthermore, the study included a determination and comparison of print time, elapsed time, and construction time, as well as a look at the effect of environmental conditions on the delay events. Upon finishing, the analysis concluded that the 3D-printed building was completed in 14-hours of print time, 31.2- hours elapsed time, a total of 5 days of construction time. This emphasizes that reports on newly 3D-printed constructions need to provide a definition of time that includes all possible duration periods to communicate realistic capabilities of this new technology.
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Bell, Matthew, Rob Ament, Damon Fick, and Marcel Huijser. Improving Connectivity: Innovative Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Structures for Wildlife, Bicyclists, and/or Pedestrians. Nevada Department of Transportation, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15788/ndot2022.09.

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Engineers and ecologists continue to explore new methods and adapt existing techniques to improve highway mitigation measures that increase motorist safety and conserve wildlife species. Crossing structures, overpasses and underpasses, combined with fences, are some of the most highly effective mitigation measures employed around the world to reduce wildlife-vehicle collisions (WVCs) with large animals, increase motorist safety, and maintain habitat connectivity across transportation networks for many other types and sizes of wildlife. Published research on structural designs and materials for wildlife crossings is limited and suggests relatively little innovation has occurred. Wildlife crossing structures for large mammals are crucial for many highway mitigation strategies, so there is a need for new, resourceful, and innovative techniques to construct these structures. This report explored the promising application of fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) to a wildlife crossing using an overpass. The use of FRP composites has increased due to their high strength and light weight characteristics, long service life, and low maintenance costs. They are highly customizable in shape and geometry and the materials used (e.g., resins and fibers) in their manufacture. This project explored what is known about FRP bridge structures and what commercial materials are available in North America that can be adapted for use in a wildlife crossing using an overpass structure. A 12-mile section of US Highway 97 (US-97) in Siskiyou County, California was selected as the design location. Working with the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) and California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW), a site was selected for the FRP overpass design where it would help reduce WVCs and provide habitat connectivity. The benefits of a variety of FRP materials have been incorporated into the US-97 crossing design, including in the superstructure, concrete reinforcement, fencing, and light/sound barriers on the overpass. Working with Caltrans helped identify the challenges and limitations of using FRP materials for bridge construction in California. The design was used to evaluate the life cycle costs (LCCs) of using FRP materials for wildlife infrastructure compared to traditional materials (e.g., concrete, steel, and wood). The preliminary design of an FRP wildlife overpass at the US-97 site provides an example of a feasible, efficient, and constructible alternative to the use of conventional steel and concrete materials. The LCC analysis indicated the preliminary design using FRP materials could be more cost effective over a 100-year service life than ones using traditional materials.
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Grant, Charles. Diaphragm Walls as Permanent Basement Walls in Regions of High Seismicity. Deep Foundations Institute, June 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.37308/cpf-2012-slwl-1.

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Reinforced concrete structural slurry walls have been used in the United States since the early 1960s. The typical practice, and one that makes the economics of slurry walls particularly attractive, is to design the walls to act as both temporary excavation support and permanent basement walls. They often serve as multi-story basements and below grade parking for buildings, for tunnels, subway stations, and other buried structures. One of the early applications was for a foundation for a subway station in San Francisco, but for the most part they have been used more extensively in regions of low seismicity. The purpose of this report is to investigate the requirements for extension of this practice to more common use in regions of high seismicity. Structural slurry walls are concrete walls constructed below the ground surface. In slurry wall construction, a trench is excavated using a rectangular clamshell bucket or other specialized equipment. During excavation, the trench is held open by introduction of a bentonite or polymer slurry. Steel reinforcement, if required, is lowered into the slurry-filled trench, and concrete is subsequently deposited by tremie, displacing the slurry. The length of trench open at any one time is limited to a typical maximum of about 20 to 24 feet by excavation stability and concrete placement volume considerations. Each individual concrete placement is referred to as a “panel,” and vertical construction joints separate the panels. Temporary “end-stops” are used as formwork to control the geometry of the panel joints, and horizontal reinforcement is discontinuous at the joints. Structural slurry panels range from 1.5 to 5.0 feet thick, 7 to 24 feet long, and up to 300 feet deep. In the United States, panels that are 2.0 to 3.5 feet thick and depths of 40 to 150 feet are commonplace. Structural basement walls support earth pressures acting laterally against the wall, dead and live loads acting vertically, and in-plane shear and flexure from wind and earthquake loads. The design of permanent slurry walls in regions of low or moderate seismicity is often limited to providing the strength necessary to resist out-of-plane soil pressures and vertical dead and live loads from the superstructure and basement framing. Although these walls also transfer in-plane lateral forces from the superstructure into the soils, the walls are often not specifically designed for these in-plane forces because their inherent strength is usually much greater than the forces being transferred. If resistance to in-plane forces acting on a wall required an increase in vertical reinforcement at the ends of a wall segment, an increase in the cap beam strength, or an increase in the horizontal reinforcement for shear strength, the overall design and construction approach would not vary significantly from current practice. Structural slurry walls have been used to a limited extent for buildings designed for high seismic risk, but there is reluctance on the part of design engineers to use them more often because of concern for how to design these walls to resist in-plane lateral forces, lack of code provisions for reinforcement detailing, and damage that may occur at panel joints. For buildings designed for high seismic risk, such as those assigned to Seismic Design Categories (SDC) D, E, and F as defined in Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures (ASCE/SEI 7-10), in-plane shear and flexural actions may likely require modifications of a structural slurry wall only designed for out-of-plane soil pressures and vertical live and dead loads. Design would need to address in-plane lateral forces acting on structural slurry walls and the interaction of the in-plane actions with the out-of-plane and vertical actions. These issues are discussed in this report, and approaches to design for high seismic risk are presented.
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Mosalam, Khalid, Amarnath Kasalanati, and Grace Kang. PEER Annual Report 2016. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/anra5954.

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The Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) is a multi-institutional research and education center with headquarters at the University of California, Berkeley. PEER’s mission is to develop, validate, and disseminate performance-based seismic design technologies for buildings and infrastructure to meet the diverse economic and safety needs of owners and society. The year 2016 began with a change of leadership at PEER. On January 1, Professor Khalid Mosalam became the new PEER Director as Professor Stephen Mahin completed his 6- year term. Also in early 2016, Dr. Yousef Bozorgnia stepped down from the position of Executive Director, after serving as a key member of PEER’s management team for over 12 years. Several accomplishments of the Center during the leadership of Director Mahin were recounted during the PEER Annual Meeting on January 28–29, 2016. This meeting also set the course of the Center with several new thrust areas identified for future research. During the past year, PEER has continued its track record of multi-institutional research with several multi-year Mega-Projects. The PEER Tall Buildings Initiative (TBI) was recently expanded to include assessment of the seismic performance of existing tall buildings. The California Earthquake Authority (CEA) awarded a $3.4 million, 3.5-year research contract to PEER to investigate the seismic performance of wood-frame homes with cripple walls. The project will directly contribute to the improvement of seismic resiliency of California’s housing stock. Former Director Mahin will lead a broad effort for computational modeling and simulation (SimCenter) of the effects of natural hazards on the built environment. Supported by a 5-year, $10.9-million grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF), the SimCenter is part of the Natural Hazards Engineering Research Infrastructure (NHERI) initiative, a distributed, multi-user national facility that will provide natural hazards engineers with access to research infrastructure (earthquake and wind engineering experimental facilities, cyberinfrastructure, computational modeling and simulation tools, and research data), coupled with education and community outreach activities. In addition to the Mega Projects, PEER researchers were involved in a wide range of research activities in the areas of geohazards, tsunami, and the built environment focusing on the earthquake performance of old and new reinforced concrete and steel structures, tall buildings, and bridges including rapid bridge construction. As part of its mission, PEER participated in a wide range of education and outreach activities, including a summer internship program, seminars, OpenSees days, and participation in several national and international conferences. The Center became an active board member of two prominent international organizations, namely GADRI (Global Alliance of Disaster Research Institutes) and ILEE (International Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering). PEER researchers and projects were recognized with awards from several organizations. Going forward, PEER aims to improve the profile and external exposure of the Center globally, strengthen the Business-Industry-Partnership (BIP) program, engage the Institutional Board (IB) and the Industry Advisory Board (IAB) to identify new areas of research, and explore new funding opportunities.
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THE STRUCTURAL AND CONSTRUCTION PERFORMANCES OF A LARGE-SPAN HALF STEEL-PLATE-REINFORCED CONCRETE HOLLOW ROOF. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, March 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2019.15.1.3.

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Integrated Design Optimization for Long Span Steel Transfer Truss at Redevelopment of Hong Kong Kwong Wah Hospital. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/icass2020.p.365.

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Long-span steel trusses are increasingly used in high-rise buildings to replace reinforced concrete thick transfer plate due to light weight and high load-bearing capacity. To support multi-stories above the steel transfer truss, a comprehensive method based on second-order direct analysis method has been applied for optimization design of long-span steel transfer truss in the Redevelopment of Hong Kong Kwong Wah Hospital (KWH) – Phase 1. In the project, a 35m long-span steel transfer truss is adopted at the 3rd to 5th floors to support the above 15-story reinforced concrete structure. Innovative technologies such as the integrated global and local optimization, the integrated design and construction have been explored and made to achieve better uniformity and harmony in structure. In particular, twin trusses with better structural performance, less fabrication cost and ease of constructability are studied and finally adopted in main trusses to replace original single trusses. The optimal scheme has brought both cost and time saving in fabrication, construction, operation and maintenance stages.
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