Готові списки джерел за темами / Rare plants

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Rare plants"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 3 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Rare plants":

Kasten, R. W. "Conservation of Rare Plants." Science 247, no. 4949 (March 23, 1990): 1388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.247.4949.1388-a.

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Higginbotham, Jeri W. "Rare Plants: Genetics and Conservation." Ecology 74, no. 7 (October 1993): 2172–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1940865.

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Schmid, Rudolf, L. S. Belousova, L. V. Denisova, and B. R. Sharma. "Rare Plants of the World." Taxon 42, no. 3 (August 1993): 733. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1222562.

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Kovarikova, M., I. Tomaskova, and P. Soudek. "Rare earth elements in plants." Biologia plantarum 63, no. 1 (January 19, 2019): 20–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32615/bp.2019.003.

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Zhang, Hua-Feng, and Xiao-Hua Yang. "Asian medicine: Protect rare plants." Nature 482, no. 7383 (February 2012): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/482035e.

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LUCAS, GREN, and SARA OLDFTELD. "Rare plants in zoological collections." International Zoo Yearbook 24, no. 1 (January 1986): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1090.1985.tb02526.x.

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Shirey, Patrick D., and Gary A. Lamberti. "Regulate trade in rare plants." Nature 469, no. 7331 (January 2011): 465–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/469465a.

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Maunder, Mike, Donald A. Falk, and Kent E. Holsinger. "Genetics and Conservation of Rare Plants." Kew Bulletin 48, no. 2 (1993): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4117957.

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Schuyler, Alfred E. "Defining Nature and Protecting Rare Plants." Ecological Restoration 17, no. 1-2 (1999): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/er.17.1-2.5.

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Levine, Jonathan M., A. Kathryn McEachern, and Clark Cowan. "Rainfall effects on rare annual plants." Journal of Ecology 96, no. 4 (July 2008): 795–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01375.x.

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Дисертації з теми "Rare plants":

Scobie, Andrew Rutherford. "Understanding the causes of reproductive failure in two rare Scottish plants, Linnaea borealis L. and Spiranthes romanzoffiana Cham. and the implications for future conservation management." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources. Restricted: no access until Dec. 21, 2011, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=59437.

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Smetanyuk, О. І. "Rare medicinal plants of Chernivtsi region." Thesis, БДМУ, 2017. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/17334.

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Swarts, Nigel. "Integrated conservation of the rare and endangered terrestrial orchid Caladenia huegelii H.G. Reichb /." Connect to this title, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0044.

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Hughes, Lee E. "Two Rare Plants of the Arizona Strip." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/554247.

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Dalrymple, Sarah. "Rarity and conservation of Melampyrum sylvaticum." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2006. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=128181.

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Melampyrum sylvaticum (small cow-wheat) is a hemiparasitic annual of boreal-montane regions of Europe. The Species Action Plan recommended that in addition to protecting extant populations, by 2010 there should be an additional five populations that have been created with the aim of enhancing greater genetic diversity of the species. Consequently this project was set up in order to provide the ecological knowledge required to meet such targets. There are various management options available to conservationists looking to prevent Melampyrum sylvaticum’s extinction from the UK but from the results of this project it is clear that some methods have drawbacks that should preclude their use. Population augmentation with seeds from other populations is not advised due to the risk of genetic ‘swamping’ or outbreeding depression. Seed amplification would avoid these problems but may introduce different complications by artificially promoting certain genotypes within a population. Population expansion by mimicking ant dispersal is recommended as a way of minimizing density dependent mortality in larger populations but is not suitable in smaller populations. Seed translocation to unoccupied sites is therefore, the best option but the exact details of seed-sourcing and sowing should be guided by the results of the Species Recovery Project in order to avoid predicted limitations. The long-term outlook for M. sylvaticum will depend entirely on whether populations can be created that operate as part of a functioning ecosystem (including pollinating and seed-dispersing insects) with enough demographic and genetic stability to survive predicted climate change.

Horsman, Frank. "Botanising in Linnaean Britain : a study of Upper Teesdale in northern England." Thesis, Durham University, 1998. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/983/.

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The Swede, Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778), introduced an artificial " Sexual System " of plant classification in 1735, and a binomial system of nomenclature in 1753. They made plant identification much easier. The Linnaean period in Britain lasted from 1760 until [1810-]1830. It is demonstrated that it was during this period that it was first recognised that an unusually high number of rare plants grow in Upper Teesdale. Most of the rare plants of the then very remote Upper Teesdale were discovered shortly after 1783 by William Oliver (1760-1816), alone. He was a surgeon and part of a medical dynasty. How he became a botanist, with his medical background, is examined in detail. He trained at Edinburgh but did not do botany. However, he knew John Hope, the Professor of Botany. Hope was one of only two people teaching the Linnaean system in Britain at this time. The appearance of Linnaean floras of Britain in English from the 1770's onwards made field botany accessiblet o anyone. Previously complex natural systems of plant classification and the use of Latin had restricted access. How Oliver's discoveries were made known is examined in detail. It involved Rev. John Harriman (1760-183 1) who was influenced by the Linnean Society of London, formed in 1788, and the Linnaean English Botany which began in 1790. H-e wanted to become a Fellow of the Linnean Society. James Edward Smith was President of the Linnean Society and an author, with James Sowerby, ofEnglish Botany. IV alic, ,j Lrf Edward Robson (1763-1813), a Quaker botanist and already an Associate of the Linnean Society, and his compilation: Plantae rariores agro Dunelmensi indigenae of 1798, and John Binks (1766-1817), an artisan botanist. Medicine made botanists of both Harriman and Binks, as well as Oliver. Linnaeus influenced the teaching of materia medica (the plant simples).

Binney, Elizabeth P. "Comparative analysis of community and population levels of organization in the rare grass, Achnatherum hendersonii." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ27107.pdf.

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Nock, Erin Elizabeth. "A simple GIS approach to predicting rare plant habitat north central Rocky Mountains, United States Forest Service, Region One /." CONNECT TO THIS TITLE ONLINE, 2008. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-06102008-173011/.

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Wheeler, Belinda Ruth. "Aspects of the ecology and conservation of the rare plant species Phyteuma spicatum L (Campanulaceae) in the British Isles." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363382.

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Swarts, Nigel. "Integrated conservation of the rare and endangered terrestrial orchid Caladenia huegelii H.G. Reichb." University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0044.

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The Orchidaceae is characterized by a remarkably diverse range of life forms and some of the most highly specialized interactions with soil fungi and insect pollinators found in the flowering plants. Many species are rare or threatened with extinction either directly through loss of habitat or over-collection or, indirectly through debilitation or loss of mycorrhizal association or pollinator capacity. Australian temperate terrestrial orchids represent one of the most threatened groups in the Australian flora with many taxa clinging to existence in urban and rural bushland remnants, road verges and unprotected bushland. The aim of this study is to research and develop integrated conservation based on critical aspects of terrestrial orchid biology and ecology, towards the recovery of the rare and endangered Western Australian terrestrial orchid Caladenia huegelii. This study identified key aspects involved in an integrated conservation approach and research focused on conservation genetics, mycorrhizal interactions and in situ and ex situ conservation strategies for this species. Using polymorphic microsatellite molecular markers, high levels of genetic diversity were found within remnant populations of C. huegelii, while weak differentiation was observed among populations over the species geographic range. These results indicate historic genetic exchange between C. huegelii populations, a possible consequence of the sexually deceptive pollination strategy and the capacity for widespread seed dispersal. Symbiotic germination studies revealed compatibility barriers to C. huegelii germination with the orchid possessing a highly specific orchid-mycorrhizal association relative to common sympatric congeners. These results were reflected in a phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, revealing C. huegelii associates with only one endophyte species within the fungal family Sebacinaceae across its geographic range. Large scale in situ seed baiting demonstrated that endophytes compatible with C. huegelii were limited in distribution relative to common and widespread orchid species, a feature for C. huegelii that may be a major contributing factor in limiting the distributional range of the species. Detailed, within site seed baiting methods identified hotspots for mycorrhizal fungus compatible with C. huegelii that were unoccupied by the orchid. These mycorrhizal hotspots where used to investigate the effect of endophyte presence on survival of transplanted mature plants and seedling outplants. The in situ survival of glasshouse propagated seedlings was further optimized by incubating seedlings in growth containers before transfer to soil and outplanting seedlings in their second growing season. The findings of this study will substantially advance the recovery of C. huegelii and provide benchmark knowledge for similar projects with other rare and threatened terrestrial orchid species.

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Книги з теми "Rare plants":

1951-, Kershaw Linda, and Alberta Native Plant Council, eds. Rare vascular plants of Alberta. Edmonton, Alta: University of Alberta Press, 2001.

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Ryan, Stephen. Dicksonia rare plants manual. Flemington, Vic: Hyland House Pub., 2008.

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1940-, Scott Walter, and Shetland Amenity Trust, eds. Rare plants of Shetland. [Shetland?]: Shetland Amenity Trust, 2002.

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Society, Colorado Native Plant, and Rocky Mountain Nature Association, eds. Rare plants of Colorado. 2nd ed. Helena, Mont: Falcon Press, 1997.

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Society, Colorado Native Plant, and Rocky Mountain Nature Association, eds. Rare plants of Colorado. Estes Park, CO: The Society in cooperation with Rocky Mountain Nature Association, 1989.

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Marren, Peter. Britain's rare flowers. London: T & A D Poyser Natural History, 1999.

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Southwestern Rare and Endangered Plant Conference (1992 Santa Fe, N.M.). Southwestern rare and endangered plants: Proceedings of the Southwestern Rare and Endangered Plant Conference. Santa Fe, N.M. (P.O. Box 1948, Santa Fe, 87504): New Mexico Forestry and Resources Conservation Division, Energy, Minerals and Natural Resources Dept., 1993.

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1934-, Fu Liguo, Jin Jianming, China. Guo jia huan jing bao hu ju., and Zhongguo ke xue yuan. Zhi wu yan jiu suo., eds. China plant red data book: Rare and endangered plants. Beijing: Science Press, 1992.

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Sorrie, Bruce A. Rare native plants of Massachusetts. [Boston]: Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, 1985.

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Sorrie, Bruce A. Rare native plants of Massachusetts. [Boston]: Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, 1987.

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Частини книг з теми "Rare plants":

Qin, Haining, Xiaohua Jin, and Lina Zhao. "Rare and Endangered Plants in China." In Conservation and Reintroduction of Rare and Endangered Plants in China, 21–31. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5301-1_2.

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Jørgensen, Rikke Bagger, and Michael J. Wilkinson. "Rare Hybrids and Methods for their Detction." In Gene Flow from GM Plants, 113–42. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470988497.ch5.

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Huang, Lu-qi, and Chao-yi Ma. "Salvation of Rare and Endangered Medicinal Plants." In Molecular Pharmacognosy, 105–27. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4945-0_6.

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Wang, Xueyong, Khabriev Ramil Usmanovich, Linglong Luo, Wen Juan Xu, and Jia Hui Wu. "Salvation of Rare and Endangered Medicinal Plants." In Molecular Pharmacognosy, 103–43. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9034-1_5.

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Tommasi, Franca, and Luigi d’Aquino. "Chapter 4 Rare Earth Elements and Plants." In Rare Earth Elements in Human and Environmental Health, 107–26. Penthouse Level, Suntec Tower 3, 8 Temasek Boulevard, Singapore 038988: Pan Stanford Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315364735-6.

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Ren, Hai, Hongfang Lu, Hongxiao Liu, and Zhanhui Xu. "Reintroduction of Rare and Endangered Plants in China." In Conservation and Reintroduction of Rare and Endangered Plants in China, 49–107. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5301-1_4.

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Pai, Sandeep R., and Vinayak Upadhya. "Rare and Endemic Medicinal Plant of India: Achyranthes Coynei." In Biomolecules and Pharmacology of Medicinal Plants, 127–35. New York: Apple Academic Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003284444_9.

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Chandran, Sangeeth, A. V. Raghu, and K. V. Mohanan. "In Vitro Conservation of Rare, Endangered, and Threatened Plants." In Sustainable Development and Biodiversity, 391–408. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5841-0_16.

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Brigham, C. A. "Factors Affecting Persistence in Formerly Common and Historically Rare Plants." In Ecological Studies, 59–97. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09389-4_3.

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Murdock, Nora A. "Rare and Endangered Plants and Animals of Southern Appalachian Wetlands." In Wetlands of the Interior Southeastern United States, 189–209. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6579-2_12.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Rare plants":

Kupriyanov, O. A., and Yu A. Manakov. "RARE AND DISAPPEARING PLANTS ON KUZBASS DUMPS." In VI Международная конференция "Проблемы промышленной ботаники индустриально развитых регионов". Кемерово: Федеральный исследовательский центр угля и углехимии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53650/9785902305606_60.

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Chiorchina, Nina, Melania Ghereg, Maria Tabara, and Alina Cutcovschii-Mustuc. "MICROPROPAGATION AND MAINTENANCE OF RARE PLANTS THROUGH VITROCULTURE." In XIth International Congress of Geneticists and Breeders from the Republic of Moldova. Scientific Association of Geneticists and Breeders of the Republic of Moldova, Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Moldova State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/cga11.2021.123.

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Kopanina, A. V., V. V. Ershov, and I. I. Vlasova. "Analysis of the accumulation of rare earth elements in woody plants growing in the volcanic landscapes of the Kuril Islands." In IX Congress of society physiologists of plants of Russia "Plant physiology is the basis for creating plants of the future". Kazan University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/978-5-00130-204-9-2019-226.

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Mitrofanova, I. V., V. A. Brailko, N. P. Lesnikova-Sedoshenko, N. N. Ivanova, and O. V. Mitrofanova. "The effect of pH on the functional state of photosynthetic apparatus of rare endemic plants of the Crimean flora in vitro." In IX Congress of society physiologists of plants of Russia "Plant physiology is the basis for creating plants of the future". Kazan University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/978-5-00130-204-9-2019-291.

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Ahmed, Talaat, and Mohammed Alsafran. "Invitro conservation of some rare and threatened desert plants in Qatar." In Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings. Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/qfarc.2018.eepd715.

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He, Wenli, XingZhao Dai, Xinghua Le, Yu Fang, Bangyou Yan, and Haiou Bao. "Information system of the rare endangered plants in Poyang Lake watershed." In 2015 4th International Conference on Mechatronics, Materials, Chemistry and Computer Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmmcce-15.2015.321.

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Syahputra, Andrian, Andi Sanjaya, Yoga Handoko Agustin, Wahyu Sindu Prasetya, Nurhayati, and Elida Tuti Siregar. "Learning Media Design Based on Augmented Reality Introduction to Rare Plants." In 2021 3rd International Conference on Cybernetics and Intelligent System (ICORIS). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icoris52787.2021.9649513.

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Chernetskaya, A. G., T. V. Yunkevich, and T. V. Kalenchuk. "ADDITIONAL METHODS FOR PRESERVING THE GENE POOL OF POPULATIONS OF RARE SPECIES OF MEDICINAL PLANTS." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2021: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2021-2-371-374.

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To effectively conserve the gene pool of protected plants ex situ, a wide range of methods and approaches is used, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. To date, considerable experience has been gained in the preservation of plant genetic resources, which are important mainly for the agricultural sector, using different temperature regimes; gene banks have been created all over the world. Unfortunately, cryopreservation of seeds and various other plant material is successfully used mainly for agricultural crops, and experiments to preserve the gene pool of rare and endangered plant species are not so widespread. It is necessary to investigate the possibility of sustainable reproduction of the gene pool of certain rare and endangered species. The use of microclonal reproduction of protected plants is an additional way to preserve their gene pool and a prerequisite for the repаtriation of species that are disappearing in nature. The development of effective methods of microclonal reproduction is the basis of work on the creation of in vitro genetic banks of rare and endangered plant species, as well as one of the promising directions for the conservation of biodiversity in general.

Raizer, O. B., and O. N. Khapilina. "Culture in vitro of rare and endemic species of Allium (A. ledebourianum, A. altaicum)." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.204.

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Rare and endemic Allium ledebourianum and Allium altaicum were introduced into the culture in vitro. When cultivated under conditions of slight osmotic stress, viable cultures of rare and endangered Allium species were obtained.

Mikhaylova, E. V., and A. N. Mustafina. "Genetic and phenotypic diversity of rare species of genus Iris L in the Southern Urals." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.169.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Rare plants":

Vesely, David, Brenda C. McComb, Christina D. Vojta, Lowell H. Suring, Jurai Halaj, Richard S. Holthausen, Benjamin Zuckerberg, and Patricia M. Manley. Development of protocols to inventory or monitor wildlife, fish, or rare plants. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington Office, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/wo-gtr-72.

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Heidel, Bonnie, Walter Fertig, Sabine Mellmann-Brown, Kent E. Houston, and Kathleen A. Dwire. Fens and their rare plants in the Beartooth Mountains, Shoshone National Forest, Wyoming. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-369.

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Johnson, Sarah. Status and change in rare plants of the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore: 1990s–2019. National Park Service, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2287739.

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Cunningham, M., L. Pounds, S. Oberholster, P. Parr, L. Mann, L. Edwards, and B. Rosensteel. Resource management plan for the Oak Ridge Reservation. Volume 29, Rare plants on the Oak Ridge Reservation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10179973.

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Linsalata, P. Studies of transport pathways of Th, U, rare earths, Ra-228, and Ra-226 from soil to plants and farm animals: Final progress report, 1983-1988. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7079160.

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Bortz, Tyler, Molly Davis, and Ryan Manuel. Plant community composition and structure monitoring at Fort Laramie National Historic Site: 2020 data report. National Park Service, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrds-2293003.

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This report presents the results of vegetation monitoring efforts in 2020 at Fort Laramie National Historic Site (FOLA) by the Northern Great Plains Inventory and Monitoring Network (NGPN) and the United States Geological Survey (USGS). This was the tenth year of combined monitoring efforts. Crew members from USGS visited 9 long-term monitoring plots to collect data on the plant communities at FOLA. This work is part of a long-term monitoring effort designed to provide a better understanding of the condition of the vegetation community at FOLA and how it changes over time. USGS staff measured species richness, herb-layer height, native and non-native species abundance, ground cover, and site disturbance at each of the nine plots. In plots where woody species were present, tree regeneration, tall shrub density, tree density, and woody fuel loads were also measured. Data collection at seven plots was incomplete, where only point-intercept, site disturbance, and invasive species presence data were collected, while in two plots the previously listed protocols as well as the quadrat protocol were performed. In 2020, the monitoring crews identified 44 unique plant species in 9 monitoring plots. Of those species, 19 were exotic species. In a majority of plots (5 of 9), there was a greater percent of native species cover compared to exotic species cover. However, exotic plants were found at every plot in FOLA. No rare species were observed during our surveys

Boyle, M., and Elizabeth Rico. Terrestrial vegetation monitoring at Fort Matanzas National Monument: 2019 data summary. National Park Service, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrds-2293409.

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The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) conducts long-term terrestrial vegetation monitoring as part of the nationwide Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service (NPS). The vegetation community vital sign is one of the primary-tier resources identified by SECN park managers, and it is currently conducted at 15 network parks (DeVivo et al. 2008). Monitoring plants and their associated communities over time allows for targeted understanding of ecosystems within the SECN geography, which provides managers information about the degree of change within their parks’ natural vegetation. 2019 marks the first year of conducting this monitoring effort at four SECN parks, including Fort Matanzas National Monument (FOMA). Nine vegetation plots, located on Anastasia and Rattlesnake Islands, were established at Fort Matanzas National Monument in June. Data collected in each plot included species richness across multiple spatial scales, species-specific cover and constancy, species-specific woody stem seedling/sapling counts and adult tree (greater than 10 centimeters [3.9 inches {in}]) diameter at breast height (DBH), overall tree health, landform, soil, observed disturbance, and woody biomass (i.e., fuel load) estimates. This report summarizes the baseline (year 1) terrestrial vegetation data collected at Fort Matanzas National Monument in 2019. Data were stratified across two dominant broadly defined habitats within the park (Maritime Upland Forests/Shrublands and Maritime Open Uplands). Noteworthy findings include: Eighty-two vascular plant taxa (species or lower) were observed across nine vegetation plots, including eight species not previously documented within the park. The most frequently encountered species in each broadly defined habitat included: Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands: saw palmetto (Serenoa repens), yaupon (Ilex vomitoria), southern/eastern red cedar (Juniperus silicicola + virginiana), American beautyberry (Callicarpa americana), and American burnweed (Erectites hieraciifolius). Maritime Open Uplands: sea oats (Uniola paniculata), earleaf greenbriar (Smilax auriculata), and dixie sandmat (Euphorbia bombensis). ne non-native species, Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolia), categorized as invasive by the Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council (FLEPPC 2019) was encountered in one Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland plot during this monitoring effort. There were not any rare plants tracked by the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS 2020) found during this monitoring effort. All plants located in these monitoring plots are fairly common throughout Florida, as well as across the Southeast Coast. Three species observed, however, are on the FDACS 2020 list of commercially exploited plants within the state. These include saw palmetto, cinnamon fern (Osmundastrum cinnamomeum), and coontie (Zamia integrifolia var. umbrosa). Southern/eastern red cedar and cabbage palmetto (Sabal palmetto) were the most dominant species within the tree stratum of the Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland habitat type. Species that dominated the sapling and seedling strata of this type included yaupon and cabbage palmetto. More than 75% of the trees measured in the parks Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland habitat type were alive and experiencing healthy vigor. Of the 22 trees that were dead, more than 50% of those were southern/eastern red cedar. Most of those individuals that were observed with moderate or severe decline and greater than 50% dieback were southern/eastern red cedars. Although red bay (Persea borbonia) was identified as one of the “principal understory tree” species within Fort Matanzas National Monument’s maritime forests in 2004 (Zomlefer et al. 2004), tree-sized individuals were rarely detected on plots during this monitoring effort. This may be in part due to the detection of laurel wilt disease within St. Johns County in 2006 (USDA 2021). Based on the low detection...

Wright, Kirsten. Collecting Plant Phenology Data In Imperiled Oregon White Oak Ecosystems: Analysis and Recommendations for Metro. Portland State University, March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/mem.64.

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Highly imperiled Oregon white oak ecosystems are a regional conservation priority of numerous organizations, including Oregon Metro, a regional government serving over one million people in the Portland area. Previously dominant systems in the Pacific Northwest, upland prairie and oak woodlands are now experiencing significant threat, with only 2% remaining in the Willamette Valley in small fragments (Hulse et al. 2002). These fragments are of high conservation value because of the rich biodiversity they support, including rare and endemic species, such as Delphinium leucophaeum (Oregon Department of Agriculture, 2020). Since 2010, Metro scientists and volunteers have collected phenology data on approximately 140 species of forbs and graminoids in regional oak prairie and woodlands. Phenology is the study of life-stage events in plants and animals, such as budbreak and senescence in flowering plants, and widely acknowledged as a sensitive indicator of environmental change (Parmesan 2007). Indeed, shifts in plant phenology have been observed over the last few decades as a result of climate change (Parmesan 2006). In oak systems, these changes have profound implications for plant community composition and diversity, as well as trophic interactions and general ecosystem function (Willis 2008). While the original intent of Metro’s phenology data-collection was to track long-term phenology trends, limitations in data collection methods have made such analysis difficult. Rather, these data are currently used to inform seasonal management decisions on Metro properties, such as when to collect seed for propagation and when to spray herbicide to control invasive species. Metro is now interested in fine-tuning their data-collection methods to better capture long-term phenology trends to guide future conservation strategies. Addressing the regional and global conservation issues of our time will require unprecedented collaboration. Phenology data collected on Metro properties is not only an important asset for Metro’s conservation plan, but holds potential to support broader research on a larger scale. As a leader in urban conservation, Metro is poised to make a meaningful scientific contribution by sharing phenology data with regional and national organizations. Data-sharing will benefit the common goal of conservation and create avenues for collaboration with other scientists and conservation practitioners (Rosemartin 2013). In order to support Metro’s ongoing conservation efforts in Oregon white oak systems, I have implemented a three-part master’s project. Part one of the project examines Metro’s previously collected phenology data, providing descriptive statistics and assessing the strengths and weaknesses of the methods by which the data were collected. Part two makes recommendations for improving future phenology data-collection methods, and includes recommendations for datasharing with regional and national organizations. Part three is a collection of scientific vouchers documenting key plant species in varying phases of phenology for Metro’s teaching herbarium. The purpose of these vouchers is to provide a visual tool for Metro staff and volunteers who rely on plant identification to carry out aspects of their job in plant conservation. Each component of this project addresses specific aspects of Metro’s conservation program, from day-to-day management concerns to long-term scientific inquiry.

Morin, Shai, Gregory Walker, Linda Walling, and Asaph Aharoni. Identifying Arabidopsis thaliana Defense Genes to Phloem-feeding Insects. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7699836.bard.

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The whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is a serious agricultural pest that afflicts a wide variety of ornamental and vegetable crop species. To enable survival on a great diversity of host plants, whiteflies must have the ability to avoid or detoxify numerous different plant defensive chemicals. Such toxins include a group of insect-deterrent molecules called glucosinolates (GSs), which also provide the pungent taste of Brassica vegetables such as radish and cabbage. In our BARD grant, we used the whitefly B. tabaci and Arabidopsis (a Brassica plant model) defense mutants and transgenic lines, to gain comprehensive understanding both on plant defense pathways against whiteflies and whitefly defense strategies against plants. Our major focus was on GSs. We produced transgenic Arabidopsis plants accumulating high levels of GSs. At the first step, we examined how exposure to high levels of GSs affects decision making and performance of whiteflies when provided plants with normal levels or high levels of GSs. Our major conclusions can be divided into three: (I) exposure to plants accumulating high levels of GSs, negatively affected the performance of both whitefly adult females and immature; (II) whitefly adult females are likely to be capable of sensing different levels of GSs in their host plants and are able to choose, for oviposition, the host plant on which their offspring survive and develop better (preference-performance relationship); (III) the dual presence of plants with normal levels and high levels of GSs, confused whitefly adult females, and led to difficulties in making a choice between the different host plants. These findings have an applicative perspective. Whiteflies are known as a serious pest of Brassica cropping systems. If the differences found here on adjacent small plants translate to field situations, intercropping with closely-related Brassica cultivars could negatively influence whitefly population build-up. At the second step, we characterized the defensive mechanisms whiteflies use to detoxify GSs and other plant toxins. We identified five detoxification genes, which can be considered as putative "key" general induced detoxifiers because their expression-levels responded to several unrelated plant toxic compounds. This knowledge is currently used (using new funding) to develop a new technology that will allow the production of pestresistant crops capable of protecting themselves from whiteflies by silencing insect detoxification genes without which successful host utilization can not occur. Finally, we made an effort to identify defense genes that deter whitefly performance, by infesting with whiteflies, wild-type and defense mutated Arabidopsis plants. The infested plants were used to construct deep-sequencing expression libraries. The 30- 50 million sequence reads per library, provide an unbiased and quantitative assessment of gene expression and contain sequences from both Arabidopsis and whiteflies. Therefore, the libraries give us sequence data that can be mined for both the plant and insect gene expression responses. An intensive analysis of these datasets is underway. We also conducted electrical penetration graph (EPG) recordings of whiteflies feeding on Arabidopsis wild-type and defense mutant plants in order to determine the time-point and feeding behavior in which plant-defense genes are expressed. We are in the process of analyzing the recordings and calculating 125 feeding behavior parameters for each whitefly. From the analyses conducted so far we conclude that the Arabidopsis defense mutants do not affect adult feeding behavior in the same manner that they affect immatures development. Analysis of the immatures feeding behavior is not yet completed, but if it shows the same disconnect between feeding behavior data and developmental rate data, we would conclude that the differences in the defense mutants are due to a qualitative effect based on the chemical constituency of the phloem sap.