Готові списки джерел за темами / Rain pictures

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Rain pictures"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Rain pictures"

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Hanji, Dr Geeta. "Single Image De-Raining using Supervised CNN Model." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 10 (October 31, 2021): 244–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38393.

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Abstract: An image captured in rain reduces the visibility quality of image which affects the analytical task like detecting objects and classifying pictures. Hence, image de-raining became important in last few years. Since pictures taken in rain include rain streaks of all sizes, single image de-raining is becoming much difficult issue to solve, which may flow in different direction and the density of each rain streak is different. Rain streaks have a varied effect on various areas of picture, and hence it becomes important for removing rain streak from rainy pictures as rainy images tend to lose its high frequency information; previously many methods were proposed for this purpose but they failed to provide accurate results. Hence we have studied and implemented a supervised machine learning method using convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm to get more accurate result of rain streak removal from an image captured during rain and in less elapsed time by preserving high rated information of image during removal of rain streak. Keywords: CNN, elapsed time, single image de-raining, supervised machine learning, rain streaks.
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Fu, Huiyuan, Yu Zhang, and Huadong Ma. "See clearly on rainy days: Hybrid multiscale loss guided multi-feature fusion network for single image rain removal." Computational Visual Media 7, no. 4 (March 23, 2021): 467–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41095-021-0210-3.

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AbstractThe quality of photos is highly susceptible to severe weather such as heavy rain; it can also degrade the performance of various visual tasks like object detection. Rain removal is a challenging problem because rain streaks have different appearances even in one image. Regions where rain accumulates appear foggy or misty, while rain streaks can be clearly seen in areas where rain is less heavy. We propose removing various rain effects in pictures using a hybrid multiscale loss guided multiple feature fusion de-raining network (MSGMFFNet). Specially, to deal with rain streaks, our method generates a rain streak attention map, while preprocessing uses gamma correction and contrast enhancement to enhanced images to address the problem of rain accumulation. Using these tools, the model can restore a result with abundant details. Furthermore, a hybrid multiscale loss combining L1 loss and edge loss is used to guide the training process to pay attention to edge and content information. Comprehensive experiments conducted on both synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
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Love, Bruce. "THE “ECLIPSE GLYPH” IN MAYA TEXT AND ICONOGRAPHY: A CENTURY OF MISINTERPRETATION." Ancient Mesoamerica 29, no. 1 (August 15, 2017): 219–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536116000444.

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AbstractThe “eclipse glyph,” as it is called by most people in our field, is not referring to eclipses, but rather to the darkened sun and moon associated with heavy rainfall or darkened skies. This glyph is composed of the sun sign or moon sign (occasionally others) between two flanking fields, usually one light and one dark, and is found principally in the Postclassic divinatory almanacs of the Maya codices. Evidence for this proposal comes from iconography as well as texts. Rain pours from “eclipse glyphs” in pictures accompanied by hieroglyphic captions explicitly dealing with rain; they also appear in calendrical sequences that could not possibly be referring to eclipses. Even in the lunar or eclipse pages in theDresden Codexthat deal with solar eclipses, the texts that accompany the “eclipse glyphs” are about rain. A search of Classic-period antecedents suggests a linguistic valueyihk'in, meaning “darkened” or “darkening.”
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Zini, Simone, Simone Bianco, and Raimondo Schettini. "CNN-based Rain Reduction in Street View Images." London Imaging Meeting 2020, no. 1 (September 29, 2020): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2694-118x.2020.lim-12.

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Rain removal from pictures taken under bad weather conditions is a challenging task that aims to improve the overall quality and visibility of a scene. The enhanced images usually constitute the input for subsequent Computer Vision tasks such as detection and classification. In this paper, we present a Convolutional Neural Network, based on the Pix2Pix model, for rain streaks removal from images, with specific interest in evaluating the results of the processing operation with respect to the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) task. In particular, we present a way to generate a rainy version of the Street View Text Dataset (R-SVTD) for "text detection and recognition" evaluation in bad weather conditions. Experimental results on this dataset show that our model is able to outperform the state of the art in terms of two commonly used image quality metrics, and that it is capable to improve the performances of an OCR model to detect and recognise text in the wild.
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Oe, Yumiko, and Yukiko Sasaki Alam. "Picture-Based e-Learning of English Phrasal Verbs: A Comparative Study of the Use of Pictures and L1 Glosses." International Journal of Humanities and Arts Computing 7, supplement (March 2013): 222–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ijhac.2013.0072.

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English phrasal verbs such as ‘call off’ (a game due to rain) and (the buttons) ‘come off’ are difficult for non-native speakers to learn because the meanings of many phrasal verbs are not compositions of the meanings of each component. It was reported that the use of phrasal verbs was avoided by non-native speakers and that the mastery of collocations was hampered by a strong influence from the learner's native language. Therefore, to prevent such interference from learners’ native languages, it would be appropriate to learn phrasal verbs directly through nonverbal media such as pictures and sound. A web application was developed for the picture-based e-learning of phrasal verbs. An experiment was conducted, which consisted of a sequence of two sessions with a week-long break in between. In order to investigate the learning effectiveness, two methods were compared: one with the display of meaning with still pictures, and the other with Japanese word glosses. Two groups participated in the experiment, and each group had both methods. The only difference was the sequence of the order of the two methods. This paper reports the comparative results of the two post-tests by the two groups, discusses some of the findings, and offers several suggestions.
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Franz, Dr Milon, and Reethi P. "Travel Brochures as Constructs and Commodities." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 7, no. 11 (November 28, 2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v7i11.10100.

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The paper is an attempt to analyse the photographs in the travel brochures. The brochures created by the Kerala Government are considered as sample for analysis. The photographs used in creating the brochures are to attract the targeted travellers from other countries, so it will be shown as the best representation of a place. The photoshopped images of Kathakali, rain forests and backwaters are not the real pictures of the place which becomes the prominent pictures on the Travel Brochures every year. Some latest photos are of Theyyam and the traditional Hindu art forms. The pictures are the representation of perspectives, it focuses on what we need to see and show. Photography is a deliberate attempt to show the unreal conditions and building a “reality” out of gaze. The earlier postcolonial representations of human beings are shifted to the exotic representation of nature and art forms which are exploited.
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Ana Pertiwi, Arfan, and Sandi Muspika. "Konstruksi Nilai-Nilai Moral dalam Film Dancing In The Rain." Journal of Religion and Film 1, no. 2 (December 9, 2022): 152–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30631/jrf.v1i2.11.

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This study examines the Film Dancing In The Rain produced by Screenplay Films Legacy Pictures which tells the life of an autistic child who gets discriminated against from the surrounding environment. The purpose of the study was to examine the moral message contained in Dancing In The Rain using Roland Barthes' Semiotic Analysis. Researchers specifically examined how the background to the emergence of Dancing In The Rain, how semiotics analysis of Dancing In The Rain, and what are the moral messages in Dancing In The Rain. This study uses qualitative methods by researching film series and audience responses. The data collection techniques used are observation, interview, and documentation. The results of this study show that the background of the emergence of Dancing In The Rain is the idea of the screenwriter to make a humanist film so that the audience can see that we are not perfect or surrounded by imperfect people and in order to better appreciate imperfections. The study also found pieces of the scene that had a moral message that the authors of the analysis used Roland Barthes Semiotics Analysis. The meaning of the denotations, connotations, and myths of the film has been mentioned in the chapter's findings. The moral message contained in this film is 3, namely the message of friendship, the message of non-discrimination that is how the life of autistic children is treated in society, and the message of sincerity and sincerity in friendship.
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MARTEL, CARLOS, ROBIN FERNANDEZ-HILARIO, JUAN ANDRÉ TELLO, ROBERT G. ARTEAGA, and GÜNTER GERLACH. "Prosopanche panguanensis (Aristolochiaceae), a new species from central Peru." Phytotaxa 364, no. 3 (August 14, 2018): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.364.3.3.

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Prosopanche panguanensis, from the Peruvian lowland rain forest, is proposed as a new species. The species is similar to Prosopanche costaricensis but differs with solitary flowers (vs. flowers in fascicles), a perigonial tube prolonged above the insertion point of the synandrium (vs. perigonial tube not prolonged), and staminodes cucullate and sessile (vs. bilobed in the apex). A description, illustrations, pictures of live specimens, and information about its habitat and distribution are given. An account on Prosopanche specimens recorded from Peru and their identity is also provided.
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9

KINZELBACH, RAGNAR K. "Pre-Linnaean pictures of the secretarybird, Sagittarius serpentarius (J. F. )." Archives of Natural History 35, no. 2 (October 2008): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e0260954108000375.

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The secretarybird, the only species of the family Sagittariidae (Falconiformes), inhabits all of sub-Saharan Africa except the rain forests. Secretarybird, its vernacular name in many languages, may be derived from the Arabic “saqr at-tair”, “falcon of the hunt”, which found its way into French during the crusades. From the same period are two drawings of a “bistarda deserti” in a codex by the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II (1194–1250). The original sketch obviously, together with other information on birds, came from the court of Sultan al-Kâmil (1180–1238) in Cairo. Careful examination led to an interpretation as Sagittarius serpentarius. Two archaeological sources and one nineteenth century observation strengthened the idea of a former occurrence of the secretarybird in the Egyptian Nile valley. André Thevet (1502–1590), a French cleric and reliable research traveller, described and depicted in 1558 a strange bird, named “Pa” in Persian language, from what he called Madagascar. The woodcut is identified as Sagittarius serpentarius. The text reveals East Africa as the real home of this bird, associated there among others with elephants. From there raises a connection to the tales of the fabulous roc, which feeds its offspring with elephants, ending up in the vernacular name of the extinct Madagascar ostrich as elephantbird.
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Rowbottom, Simon. "The music of therapy." Counselling Psychology Review 36, no. 1 (June 2021): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpscpr.2021.36.1.48.

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‘Pictures are forming inside my brain Soon with the colours they’ll rain together and grow Then don’t you know, don’t you know, there’ll be music.’From ‘Music’ by Carole King.To explore individual narratives of a therapist’s route to entering the profession, I undertook a self-critical analysis of personal experiences, emotional understandings, and meaning making of my life prior to becoming a counselling psychologist. Pathways to entering a psychotherapeutic profession are nuanced, and idiosyncratic, so rather than the ubiquitous ‘wounded healer’ narrative being the sole applicable metaphor for my life journey, I draw out another metaphor more pertinent to my particular experience: the music of therapy.
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Дисертації з теми "Rain pictures"

1

Chapman, Sharon Jeanette. "Classical Hollywood film directors' female-as-object obsession and female directors' cinematic response: A deconstructionist study of six films." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1258.

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Книги з теми "Rain pictures"

1

Spaner, David. Dreaming in the Rain. New York: Arsenal Pulp Press, 2009.

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2

1966-, Varga Darrell, and University of Calgary, eds. Rain, drizzle, fog: Film and television in Atlantic Canada. Calgary: University of Calgary Press, 2009.

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3

Liebst, Flo. Rain in the morning: Poems and pictures from Tanzania. 3rd ed. [Dar es Salaam?: s.n], 1987.

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4

Nicholas, Harris. Into the rainforest: One book makes hundreds of pictures of rainforest life. [Alexandria, VA]: Time-Life Books, 1996.

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5

Ronald, Bass, and Morrow Barry, eds. Rain Man: A novel. London: Penguin Books, 1989.

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6

L'attrait de la pluie. Crisnée, Belgique: Yellow Now, 2013.

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7

Reinventing the Lacandón: Subaltern representations in the rain forest of Chiapas. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2008.

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8

The screening of America: Movies and values from Rocky to Rain Man. New York: Continuum, 1990.

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9

Rudolf, Schuster. V brazílskych pralesoch. Košice: Press Print, 2002.

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10

Theory of the image: Capitalism, contemporary film, and women. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2005.

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Частини книг з теми "Rain pictures"

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Owusu, Kwadwo, and Peter Bilson Obour. "Urban Flooding, Adaptation Strategies, and Resilience: Case Study of Accra, Ghana." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2387–403. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_249.

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AbstractDespite massive flood controlling investments, perennial flooding continues to be a major challenge in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Assembly in Ghana. Previous studies have mostly considered the vulnerability of Accra to flooding induced by urbanization and climate change. This chapter examined the impacts of and adaptation strategies to flooding in two flood-prone residential areas in Accra. A survey was conducted among 320 household heads to ascertain local impacts of floods and community adaptation strategies. To obtain a broader picture of government interventions and challenges, key stakeholders such as personnel from ministries, departments, and agencies who are involved in city planning, and private urban planning consultants were interviewed. The study found that a notable driver of floods in Accra is blocked waterways, and flawed and ad hoc engineering works. About three-quarters of the households interviewed have suffered flood-related losses over the past decade such as housing damage, income, and even a death of a relative. Key flood control interventions included dredging prior to start of rains and sporadic demolition of unauthorized buildings on or near waterways to allow free flow of water. However, these interventions only seem to be ephemeral due to the rapid rate of littering and re-siltation of the waterways after few rain events. The study highlights the need for more pragmatic and robust engineering solutions to build resilience of Accra to floods.
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2

Huq, Md Enamul, Zhenfeng Shao, Ahmed Abdullah Al Dughairi, Md Nazirul Islam Sarker, Cai Bowen, Abdullah Al Mamun, Nayyer Saleem, Akib Javed, and Md Mahabubur Rahman. "Measuring Vulnerability to Flash Flood of Urban Dwellers." In Natural Disaster Science and Mitigation Engineering: DPRI reports, 317–54. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2904-4_12.

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AbstractFlash floods are unexpected, localized flood events that occur when an exceptional amount of rain falls happens over a short period of time. In South Asia, it is mostly disastrous, for example, in 2017 flash floods killed approximately 1200 people from India, Nepal, and Bangladesh. However, it is also common in Dhaka megacity, Bangladesh due to its geographic location, monsoon climatic condition and surrounding rivers. Though it is impossible to avoid them, the losses and damages of hazards can be reduced effectively by using appropriate techniques. This study aims to determine the responsible factors and measure the household vulnerability to flash flood as a tool of mitigation. The study has been conducted based on primary data. Therefore, data were collected from both slum and non-slum population to cover the entire urban habitats. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire based on five factors (social, economic, institutional, structural, and environmental) of vulnerability to flash flood. The key feature of this paper is to provide an insight into real picture of vulnerability to flash flood for urban habitants. Moreover, this practical approach is useful to quantify hazard-induced vulnerabilities not only for Dhaka megacity but also for other cities of the globe.
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3

Eisenberg, Carolyn Woods. "“Everyone Was Crying”." In Fire and Rain, 265—C15P71. Oxford University PressNew York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197639061.003.0016.

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Abstract This chapter recounts the aftermath of Lam Son 719. For almost two years, President Richard Nixon had touted a strategy of “Vietnamization” as the route to an honorable American withdrawal from the war. With Lam Son 719, the first major test of Vietnamization, the South Vietnamese army had been visibly and publicly routed. The pictures told the story: South Vietnamese soldiers fleeing Laos in droves, terrified men clambering aboard helicopters, American pilots flying hundreds of missions to rescue them. During this time of terrible publicity, Lieutenant Calley was sentenced to prison for his role in the My Lai massacre, leading many Americans to view him as a scapegoat for higher authority. The chapter describes how Nixon gave a televised address designed to conceal the failure of Lam Son 719. Congressional Republicans, including Jacob Javits and Hugh Scott, were defecting from the Nixon administration strategy. The chapter describes how Kissinger convinces the president that General Abrams and others in the US military have misled them. At this difficult moment, an invitation arrives for the US ping-pong team to visit China, with the potential to distract the public from the war.
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Wilde, Oscar. "Chapter XVI." In The Picture of Dorian Gray. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199535989.003.00017.

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A cold rain began to fall, and the blurred street-lamps looked ghastly in the dripping mist. The public-houses were just closing, and dim men and women were clustering in broken groups round their doors. From some of the bars came the sound of horrible...
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5

"picture molding or rail." In The Fairchild Books Dictionary of Interior Design. Fairchild Books, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781501365171.2914.

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Musser, Charles. "Cinema as a Media Form." In Politicking and Emergent Media. University of California Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520292727.003.0005.

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Sketches out a succession of motion picture practices before 1910, focusing on the integration of two the stereopticon and cinema as a distinct dispositif between 1897 and 1903. The 1900 presidential campaign fell squarely within this time frame. The deployment of emergent media such as the motion pictures and the phonograph are explored, as the election’s paramount issue was Imperialism. McKinley and his running mate Theodore Roosevelt were advocates of American expansionism while William Jennings Bryan ran on an anti-imperialism platform. Illustrated lectures that celebrated US military interventions in Cuba and the Philippines were widely deployed and often presented by military personnel and preachers. They contributed to McKinley’s victory while Bryan supporters failed to make use of this media form.
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Todd, Patrick. "Betting on the Open Future." In The Open Future, 119–47. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192897916.003.0007.

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A.N. Prior considered an objection to open future views, viz. that they are inconsistent with our ordinary practices of betting. Prior worried that, on open future views, if we bet on rain, and then it does rain, I could refuse to grant the payout on grounds that the proposition you bet was true was not true at the time of the bet. The author argues that this objection fails, by developing a picture of betting on which we are not betting on anything like current truth. He then considers the objection that his view is inconsistent with the idea that there are non-zero probabilities of future events; he argues that though our credence in a given future contingent proposition may be zero, the objective probability of the relevant event may nevertheless be high. The author develops a comparison between this view and parallel views about the probability of conditionals and probabilities in fictions.
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MacKinnon, Kathy. "The Ecological Foundations of Biodiversity Protection." In Last Stand. Oxford University Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195095548.003.0007.

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Two thirds of all known species occur in tropical regions, and probably half of all species are confined to tropical rain forests—yet these rain forests are among the most threatened of all natural habitats. Throughout the tropics, rain forests are being destroyed at an alarming rate. It has been estimated that, worldwide, approximately 170,000 square kilometers of rain forests—an area almost as great as Cambodia—are being lost every year (FAO, 1990). Few tropical countries retain more than half of their natural forest cover, and even those that do are witnessing rapid habitat conversion. Figure 3-1 illustrates the decline of primary forest cover on Sumatra during the past 60 years, a picture that is duplicated over much of tropical Asia. The Indonesian archipelago, as a whole, loses at least 9,000 square kilometers of forest each year to logging, land conversion, and shifting agriculture (MoF/FAO, 1991). In some years, the figure is even higher. In 1982 and 1983, for example, severe drought and fires (often deliberately started) damaged 36,000 square kilometers of forest—an area the size of Belgium—in East Kalimantan in Indonesian Borneo (Lennertz and Panzer, 1983) and another 10,000 square kilometers in Sabah (Malingreau et al., 1985). Destruction of tropical habitats leads to the irreversible loss of biological diversity and genetic resources. Conservation of biodiversity will require a concerted effort to provide adequate and effective protection of tropical forests and their native species. The best, easiest, and least expensive way to achieve this goal is to establish networks of protected rain forest areas for in situ conservation of gene pools, species, and ecosystems. Forest destruction is proceeding so fast that this decade is probably the last chance to protect extensive areas of tropical forests; indeed, for some countries it is already too late. While this chapter focuses primarily on tropical Asia, many of the lessons and recommendations apply equally well to the rain forests of Africa and Central and South America. The question of how much protected habitat is enough has long been debated by conservationists and other scientists.
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Armstrong, John. "The Role of Coastal Shipping in UK Transport: An Estimate of Comparative Traffic Movements in 1910." In The Vital Spark, 243–60. Liverpool University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9780986497308.003.0013.

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This chapter aims to estimate the amount of work performed by the coastal shipping industry in 1910 in relation to the rail and canal transport counterparts. It examines the services offered by the coastal industry in this period that the railway could not provide - such as ferrying to remote regions such as the Isle of Man, Isle of Wight, and Scottish islands. It compares and contrasts rail, canal, and coastal services by examining freight traffic; coal shipping; bills of entry; the Royal Commission on Canals; steamship company records; and Parliamentary papers to paint an accurate picture of the British transport industry in the pre-war period. It concludes that the shipping distribution in 1910 was fifty-nine percent coastal; thirty-nine percent rail, and two percent canal - and insists that coastal and canal shipping should not be paired together when discussing the rise of the railway as they were fundamentally distinct.
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Noë, Alva. "Peering into Rembrandt’s Eyes." In Learning to Look, 89–91. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190928216.003.0025.

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This chapter reflects on the exhibition “Late Rembrandt” that ran in 2015 at the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam, which was the first exhibition ever to focus on the adventurous and experimental painting of the last eighteen years of Rembrandt's life. Many of the figures portrayed by Rembrandt seem to have opaque and unseeing eyes. As Rembrandt's near contemporary René Descartes argued, the soul is not present in the body the way a pilot is present in a vessel. The connection is tighter than that. And Rembrandt's pictures offer a kind of exhibition of this idea—one can encounter the manifest spirit of a living person in a picture even when there is no seeing “into” them, even when we are confined, as we are, to seeing them from the “outside.” Meanwhile, there are a group of portraits by Rembrandt that are in an entirely different key—his self-portraits. In these paintings, almost miraculously, there is no question of lifeless or unseeing eyes. The differences between the blank eyes one sees in almost every figure painting of Rembrandt in this exhibition and the animate gaze of the self-portraits is not so much a difference in what the viewer actually sees but a difference in the acts these paintings perform.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Rain pictures"

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Velenko, A. A., and Irina G. Kopytich. "CONCEPT "RAIN" AS A COMPONENT OF THE NATIONAL LANGUAGE PICTURE OF THE WORLD (on the material of the English and Russian languages)." In Люди речисты - 2021. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/978-5-907216-49-5-2021-89-96.

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The article deals with the concept "Rain", a part of the national concept sphere "Weather", as a component of the English-language and Russian-language picture of the world. The author attempts to analyze the features of the implementation of the concept "Rain" in the above-mentioned language pictures of the world.
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Xu, Y. L., Y. Zhou, Z. J. Wang, and L. Y. Wang. "Rivulet Formation on an Inclined Cylinder and Its Effects on the Near-Wake." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32173.

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Wind rain tunnel experiments were performed in this paper to investigate the formation of water rivulet on the surface of an inclined stationary cylinder immerged in a uniform wind field and the effects of the rivulet on the near-wake of the cylinder. A digital video camera was used to record the formation of water rivulet for a series of cylinder inclination α, cylinder yaw angle β, incident free-stream wind velocity U∞, and water flow rate m. The pictures were then analyzed to find the flow pattern and position of rivulet on the surface of the cylinder. A hot wire anemometer was used to measure wind speed near the cylinder, and a spectral analysis was then performed on the recorded data to investigate the effects of water rivulet on the near-wake of the cylinder. It was found that the formation of water rivulet depends on the parameters m, U∞, α, and β significantly. Water rivulets can be formed on the cylinder surface only in the range of 0° ≤ β ≤ 90° for U∞ = 8 − 15 m/s. Water rivulets seem to locate near flow separation points and move circumferentially. It was also found that fluid dynamics associated with wind-water-structure interaction could be quite different from that without the involvement of water rivulet.
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3

Vishwanathan, Harish, Diane L. Peters, and James Z. Zhang. "Traffic Sign Recognition in Autonomous Vehicles Using Edge Detection." In ASME 2017 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2017-5187.

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Autonomous vehicles have the potential to improve safety by eliminating human error in driving, as well as providing mobility to those who cannot safely drive. Such vehicles do require new technology to monitor their environment and ensure that they are operating safely. One such technology that will be necessary is the ability of the vehicle to recognize traffic situations and traffic signs. This can be accomplished by an appropriate implementation of edge detection methods. In this paper, we compare three different edge detection methods: Canny method, Sobel method and Zhang method. This comparison was conducted on both still pictures and on a video. When analyzing the video, which was taken on a clear day with an undamaged and clearly visible stop sign, all three methods performed equally well; the time at which the stop sign was identified, based on the edge map, was the same. The purpose of this comparison is to evaluate the performance of each of the three methods, in the context of the problem of identifying traffic signs. The methods are compared on still images of a stop sign under various conditions, in addition to the single video comparison. Based on the still image comparison, we conclude that Zhang’s method (linear prediction) generates the best edge map, particularly when the images include snow, ice, rain or other factors and even at night vision.
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4

Patel, Dilip M., and Joshua C. Callen. "Positive Train Control: Where Are We, and What Next?" In 2012 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2012-74116.

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Positive Train Control (PTC) must be up and running by December 2015. Railroads have already submitted their Implementation Plans, identifying the type of PTC system each plans to use. Every one of these systems must have Type Approval from FRA before being placed in service. To date, three different systems have gained Type Approval. Others are at various points in the Type Approval process. This paper will provide the train control background, starting with where we were and how we got where we are with PTC mandate. The paper will survey the systems that have been approved or are in the process. For each, an overview of the technology will be provided, along with an assessment of the current state of development and the work that is needed to get to the finish line. Issues of interoperability and radio spectrum use will be highlighted. Finally, an assessment of the “big picture” will be offered, including the roles of railroads, suppliers, and regulators.
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Matsika, E., Clive E. Chirwa, and Q. Peng. "Influence of Human Related Factors on Railway Vehicle Wheelchair Occupant Crash Safety." In 2013 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2013-2406.

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In the past 25 years, laws related to accessibility in general have been enacted worldwide. In the United Kingdom, for example, with the passing of the Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) of 1995 and 2005, a number of regulations and codes of practice have been put in place to provide wheelchair users with greater access and freedom of traveling by public transport, including railway vehicles. This paper aims at contributing to the knowledge gap that exists on how human related factors may influence the safety of a wheelchair occupant in a railway vehicle during deceleration, particularly crash conditions. To achieve this, a socio-technical study on railway vehicle safety was conducted through a disability association called BADGE, acting as the gatekeeper. The research methodology developed applied two data collection research tools. The first was a focus group discussion in which six wheelchair users participated. The second tool was observational, where wheelchair users undertook two baseline railway vehicle trips within the Greater Manchester. Here data was captured through video footage and still pictures. In addition, note taking was applied. The research found that personal preferences and medical conditions greatly influence the way a wheelchair occupant interacts with the wheelchair and the railway vehicle. This could potentially affect the safety of the wheelchair occupant, generally, and particularly during a crash. The paper ends by presenting a flow diagram that postulates how these human related factors identified could ultimately influence secondary collision characteristics during a crash. The findings could help railway vehicle engineers to better design wheelchair accessible environment with improved wheelchair occupant crash safety.
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Richmond, Shaun. "American Railroad Freight Cars: 100 Years of Progress, 1920-2020." In 2020 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2020-8107.

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Abstract This paper was written to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the ASME Rail Transportation Division, which was founded in 1920 and held its first meeting in St. Louis. It attempts to paint a picture of the U. S. railroad freight car and the engineering processes involved in its design and construction in 1920 and compare this with today’s designs and practices. Progress in freight car design has been evolutionary rather than revolutionary. The steel freight car had largely replaced its wooden predecessor by 1920 and the basic design of many cars was already in place. Exceptions being the Spine Car and the Well Car, which were entirely unknown in 1920. The Box Car has diminished greatly in importance and more specialized cars are now common. One important difference is that welding is now used extensively in freight car construction whereas in 1920 riveting was almost universal. An important change is the availability of electronic instrumentation to measure, record and analyze the load environment of cars. This has allowed the development of performance-based specifications and these have largely replaced the prescriptive standards used in 1920. CAD and FE analysis have revolutionized the way in which cars are designed, allowing much more refined analysis which has led to far lighter car designs. In 1920 virtually all Engineers were white men — this too is changing.
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Camps-Mur, Daniel, Kostas Katsalis, Igor Freire, Jesus Gutierrez, Nikos Makris, Salvatore Pontarelli, and Robert Schmidt. "5G-PICTURE: A Programmable Multi-tenant 5G Compute-RAN-Transport Infrastructure." In 2019 European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2019.8801969.

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Baz, Ihab, Jean-Claude Champoussin, Michel Lance, and Jean-Louis Marie´. "Investigation of the Cavitation in High Pressure Diesel Injection Nozzles." In ASME 2002 Joint U.S.-European Fluids Engineering Division Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2002-31015.

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Laser light sheet and shadowgraphy techniques have been applied to investigate cavitation phenomena in the spray hole of Diesel injection nozzles. The nozzles were operated on a test-bench based on a Common Rail injection system. Rail pressures up to 50 MPa were used. The diesel test oil was injected into a chamber which could be pressurized up to 8 MPa. The local position and range of cavitation films, lying between the flow and the nozzle wall, as well as single bubbles could be observed at different instants of the injection process. The pictures of the light sheet experiment were compared with photographs taken by the shadowgraphy technique under the same injection conditions. Cavitation number estimates were obtained by direct measurements of nozzle sac pressures.
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Van Dyk, Brandon J., Marcus S. Dersch, J. Riley Edwards, Conrad Ruppert, and Christopher P. L. Barkan. "Quantifying Shared Corridor Wheel Loading Variation Using Wheel Impact Load Detectors." In 2013 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2013-2404.

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A sustained increase in heavy axle loads and cumulative freight tonnages, coupled with increased development of high speed passenger rail, is placing an increasing demand on railway infrastructure. Some of the most critical areas of the infrastructure in need of further research are track components used in high speed passenger, heavy haul, and shared infrastructure applications. In North America, many design guidelines for these systems use historical wheel loads that may not necessarily be representative of those seen on rail networks today. Without a clear understanding of the nature of these loads, it is impossible to adequately evaluate the superstructure to make design improvements. Therefore, researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) are conducting research to lay the groundwork for an improved and thorough understanding of the loading environment entering the track structure. Wheel impact load detectors (WILDs) have been used in North America for decades to identify bad-acting wheels that could damage the rail infrastructure or result in a rolling stock failure. The WILD measures vertical and lateral rail loads imparted by the wheel at the wheel-rail interface, along with other pertinent information related to the specific wheel, car, and train passing the instrumented site. This information can be used to identify and classify trends in the loading features and other characteristics of the rolling stock. These trends not only provide a clearer picture of the existing loading environment created by widely varied traffic characteristics, but can be used in future design and maintenance planning of infrastructure according to the anticipated traffic. This paper will discuss the current trends in wheel loads across the North American rail network while investigating the effects of speed on dynamic and impact loads. Ultimately this work should lead to useful distinctions of loads for improved design methodologies that are specific to the intended type of traffic traversing a given route or network.
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Pyrialakou, V. Dimitra, and Konstantina Gkritza. "Passenger Rail in Indiana: From Our Past to Our Future." In 2015 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2015-5804.

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The Midwest railroad network connected almost every major city by 1860, accounting for 36% of the United States (U.S.) railroad network mileage. Indiana became famous for the first Union Station in the world, as well as for one of the most developed and luxurious interurban rail system in the U.S. The twentieth century drastically transformed the picture, endowing the country with well-developed and world class highway and aviation networks, but leaving Indiana with a limited passenger rail network. Today, the Hoosier State line, which operates between Indianapolis, Indiana and Chicago, Illinois, is in danger of elimination. As of October 2013, the State of Indiana, local communities, and Amtrak reached an agreement to support the Hoosier State line, an agreement recently extended through January 2015. Amtrak is hesitant to support the corridor, doubting its economic viability. In response, the Indiana Department of Transportation (DOT) was the first nationally to announce a Request for Proposals (1404s1) under the Passenger Rail Investment and Improvement Act in order to obtain competitive bids for the operation of the Hoosier State line. Recent studies suggest that the improvement and enhancement of the Midwest regional rail system to allow higher speeds has the potential to significantly benefit the area. The route from Chicago to Cincinnati via Indianapolis is a strong candidate among the possible routes in the Midwest, and within the second tier nationwide. Studies also suggest that such an upgrade can return great user benefits, reduce travel times, and bring significant regional economic benefits supporting the creation of new permanent jobs in Indiana. This paper presents the chronicle of passenger rail transportation in the U.S., Midwest, and Indiana in particular, from the early 1830s to the recent attempts of the State of Indiana to sustain the Hoosier line. This paper also investigates the effect of the community’s support on Indiana’s passenger rail evolution, as well as the potential of “higher” speed rail in the state.
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