Готові списки джерел за темами / Radiologic image

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Radiologic image"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 11 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Radiologic image"

1

Chen, Chin-Tu. "Radiologic Image Registration." Academic Radiology 10, no. 3 (March 2003): 239–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1076-6332(03)80096-x.

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2

Huang, H. K., S. L. Lou, P. S. Cho, D. J. Valentino, A. W. Wong, K. K. Chan, and B. K. Stewart. "Radiologic image communication methods." American Journal of Roentgenology 155, no. 1 (July 1990): 183–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.155.1.2112842.

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3

Wong, S., L. Zaremba, D. Gooden, and H. K. Huang. "Radiologic image compression-a review." Proceedings of the IEEE 83, no. 2 (1995): 194–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/5.364466.

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4

Gillespy, Thurman, and Alan H. Rowberg. "Displaying radiologic images on pesonal computers: Image processing and analysis." Journal of Digital Imaging 7, no. 2 (May 1994): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03168422.

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5

Boddu, Prajwal, Vamsi Parimi, Michale Taddonio, Joshua Robert Kane, and Anjana Yeldandi. "Pathologic and Radiologic Correlation of Adult Cystic Lung Disease: A Comprehensive Review." Pathology Research International 2017 (February 8, 2017): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3502438.

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Анотація:
The presence of pulmonary parenchymal cysts on computed tomography (CT) imaging presents a significant diagnostic challenge. The diverse range of possible etiologies can usually be differentiated based on the clinical setting and radiologic features. In fact, the advent of high-resolution CT has facilitated making a diagnosis solely on analysis of CT image patterns, thus averting the need for a biopsy. While it is possible to make a fairly specific diagnosis during early stages of disease evolution by its characteristic radiological presentation, distinct features may progress to temporally converge into relatively nonspecific radiologic presentations sometimes necessitating histological examination to make a diagnosis. The aim of this review study is to provide both the pathologist and the radiologist with an overview of the diseases most commonly associated with cystic lung lesions primarily in adults by illustration and description of pathologic and radiologic features of each entity. Brief descriptions and characteristic radiologic features of the various disease entities are included and illustrative examples are provided for the common majority of them. In this article, we also classify pulmonary cystic disease with an emphasis on the pathophysiology behind cyst formation in an attempt to elucidate the characteristics of similar cystic appearances seen in various disease entities.
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6

Kinnunen, J. "Image Quality in Radiography of Midfacial Trauma." Acta Radiologica 29, no. 4 (July 1988): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028418518802900403.

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Анотація:
Image quality in radiography of midfacial trauma was studied in 618 patients treated for midfacial injury. The visibility of key anatomic areas was related to essential technical factors influencing image quality as well as to the radiologic diagnostic performance. Regression analysis revealed that the visibility of the key anatomic areas was significantly dependent on the technical factors. However, the radiologic diagnostic performance was not significantly dependent on the visibility of the key anatomic areas. The results indicate that image quality was not a limiting factor for radiologic diagnostic performance in midfacial trauma.
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7

Katsu et al., Toshihiko. "Radiologic Findings in Spine X-ray Image." Japanese Journal of Radiological Technology 64, no. 1 (2008): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.6009/jjrt.64.73.

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8

Fleury, A., A. Ambrun, C. Ferber-Viart, S. Zaouche, C. Dubreuil, and S. Tringali. "One radiologic image may hide behind another." European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases 128, no. 5 (November 2011): 259–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anorl.2011.05.001.

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9

Richardson, M. L., M. S. Frank, and E. J. Stern. "Digital image manipulation: what constitutes acceptable alteration of a radiologic image?" American Journal of Roentgenology 164, no. 1 (January 1995): 228–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.164.1.7998545.

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10

McEachern, James D., David A. Leswick, Grant W. Stoneham, Karen L. Mohr, and James E. Stempien. "Radiological errors in the Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine." CJEM 16, no. 05 (September 2014): 361–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/8000.2013.131183.

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Анотація:
ABSTRACTObjectives:To systematically evaluate the accuracy of text descriptions and labeling of radiologic images published in theCanadian Journal of Emergency Medicine (CJEM). Error detection by radiologists and emergency physicians and the clinical significance and educational value of these errors were assessed. Errors were also correlated with radiologist involvement in publication and imaging modality.Methods:Thirty-three issues of CJEM were examined from January 2003 to May 2008. Electronic copies of all radiologic images published were obtained with their caption and description from the text. Identifying information was removed to present images in an anonymous fashion. Images were presented to two radiologists who, working in consensus, critically appraised each image and accompanying text. Images were then presented to two emergency department physicians who, working in consensus, critically appraised each image and accompanying text. All images with errors detected by either radiology or emergency physicians were then discussed to determine if errors would have affected clinical management or educational value. The emergency physicians also identified “underlabeled” images where it was felt that further labeling would enhance their educational value.Results:Forty-five articles with 82 images were obtained. At least one error was observed in 18 (40%) articles and 20 (24%) images. Two errors were present in three images, resulting in 23 errors. Of the 23 errors, 17 were image description errors and 6 were labeling errors. Five errors were detected by both radiology and emergency physicians, whereas 15 were detected only by radiologists and 3 were detected only by emergency physicians. Of these errors, 12 (52%) were rated as potentially affecting both clinical management and educational value, 5 (22%) as only affecting educational value, and 6 (26%) as nonsignificant. Radiologists were involved in six articles, including 12 images that contained no errors. There was no official radiologist involvement in 39 articles, including 70 images, 18 (26%) of which contained errors. In addition, 26 images were identified by emergency physicians as potentially benefiting from enhanced labeling to improve educational value.Conclusions:Radiologic images published in the CJEM are generally of high quality; however, 23 errors were found in 82 images, 18 (78%) of which were rated as potentially affecting clinical management, educational value, or both. Radiologist involvement in the publication process may be of assistance as no errors were seen in articles that included radiologists as authors.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Radiologic image"

1

Vercillo, Richard 1953. "Very high resolution video display memory and base image memory for a radiologic image analysis console." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276707.

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Digital radiographic images are created by a variety of diagnostic imaging modalities. A multi-modality workstation, known as the Arizona Viewing Console (AVC), was designed and built by the University of Arizona Radiology Department to support research in radiographic image processing and image display. Two specially designed VMEbus components, the base image memory and the video display memory, were integrated into the AVC and are the subject of this thesis. The base image memory is a multi-ported, 8 megabyte memory array based on random access memory used for raw image storage. It supports a 10 megapixel per second image processor and can interface to a 320 megabit per second network. The video display memory utilizes video memories and is capable of displaying two independent high resolution images, each 1024 pixels by 1536 lines, on separate video monitors. In part, these two memory designs have allowed the AVC to excel as a radiographic image workstation.
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2

Chun, Hee. "Auditory sensory feedback tool to supplement visual data perception in radiologic imaging a demonstration using MR mammography /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1148594830.

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3

Wibowo, Gatot Morti Chavalit Wongse-ek Manus Mongkolsuk. "Factors affecting image quality and entrance skin exposure when using automatic exposure control (AEC) /." Abstract, 2004. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2547/cd370/4537449.pdf.

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4

Ullman, Gustaf. "Quantifying image quality in diagnostic radiology using simulation of the imaging system and model observers." Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Department of Medicine and Health, Linköping University, 2008. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2008/med1050s.pdf.

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5

Sampedro, Santaló Frederic. "Automatic image quantification strategies in clinical nuclear medicine and neuroradiology." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/402270.

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Анотація:
Amb la revolució de la tecnologia digital d’obtenció d’imatges radiològiques i l’increment de la potència computacional, el camp de la quantificació d’imatges mèdiques ha sorgit. El fet de poder programar un ordinador per a que detecti patrons d’interès en imatges radiològiques i pugui derivar-ne d’aquests indicadors numèrics amb valor clínic fa que, sens dubte, aquest àmbit de coneixement tingui un gran potencial en entorns mèdics i de recerca. En aquesta tesi es presenten un conjunt de contribucions científiques en aquest context. En particular, es descriu el disseny i la implementació d’una sèrie d’estratègies computacionals de quantificació d’imatges de medicina nuclear i neuroradiologia. A continuació es detalla com aquestes tècniques han demostrat ser d’utilitat per a l’estudi de malalties molt rellevants en l’actualitat com són el càncer de mama, el limfoma no-Hodgkin, la pielonefritis, la malaltia d’Alzheimer, la malaltia de Parkinson i l’abús de cànnabis.
Con la revolución de la tecnología digital de obtención de imágenes radiológicas y el aumento de la potencia computacional, el campo de la cuantificación de imágenes médicas ha emergido. El hecho de poder programar un ordenador para que detecte patrones de interés en imágenes radiológicas y pueda derivar de ellos una serie de indicadores numéricos con valor clínico hace que, sin duda, este ámbito de conocimiento tenga un gran potencial en el entorno médico y de investigación. En esta tesis se presentan un conjunto de contribuciones científicas en este contexto. En particular, se describe el diseño y la implementación de una serie de estrategias computacionales de cuantificación de imágenes de medicina nuclear y neuroradiología. A continuación se detalla cómo estas técnicas han demostrado ser de utilidad en el estudio de patologias muy relevantes en la actualidad como son el cáncer de mama, el linfoma no-Hodgkin, la pielonefritis, la enfermedad de Alzheimer, la enfermedad de Parkinson i el abuso de cánnabis.
With the revolution of digital medical imaging and the increasing computational power, the field of quantitative medical image analysis emerged. By programming a computer to detect patterns of interest in medical images and derive clinically meaningful numerical indicators from them, this field shows promising potential for healthcare and medical research systems. In this thesis, the design and implementation of computer-based quantification techniques in nuclear medicine and neuroradiological images led to several contributions in this field. These image-derived indicators contributed to complement the visual diagnosis and to further understand the pathophysiology of important health issues such as breast cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, pyelonephritis, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and cannabis abuse.
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6

Alejaldre, Monforte Aída. "Uutilidad de los estudios de imagen muscular en el diagnóstico de un grupo de miopatías con debilidad axial." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/399847.

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Анотація:
Las miopatías hereditarias son enfermedades de alta complejidad diagnóstica y pueden presentarse con diferentes fenotipos. Un fenotipo emergente es el fenotipo axial. La enfermedad de Pompe (EP) del adulto es una glicogenosis que provoca una debilidad muscular que generalmente afecta a las cinturas y la musculatura axial. Se asocia a una afectación respiratoria entre otras complicaciones. Las miopatías secundarias a mutaciones en el gen EMD y LMNA pueden cursar con debilidad de cinturas o causar una distrofia tipo Emery-Dreifuss (EDMD). La EDMD cursa con debilidad escapulo-humero-peroneal asociada a contracturas articulares en codos, tobillos y columna. En los últimos años la Tomografía computerizada (TC) y la Resonancia magnética nuclear (RMN) están siendo usadas para el estudio de algunas patologías neuromusculares. La hipótesis de la presente tesis es que la imagen muscular puede ser un buen biomarcador diagnóstico en la EP del adulto y en la miopatía producida por mutaciones en el gen EMD o LMNA. La existencia de un patrón característico en la radiología permitiría un diagnóstico eficaz y precoz. Los objetivos fueron: 1) la descripción del patrón de infiltración grasa muscular en estas miopatías. 2) Estudiar la infiltración muscular en el área paravertebral y abdominal en 30 pacientes con EP. 3) Correlacionar la debilidad muscular con en el grado de infiltración en la radiología en la EP. 4) Describir las características clínicas y de imagen muscular en 42 pacientes con mutaciones en el gen EMD y LMNA. 5) Buscar diferencias radiológicas según el genotipo (EMD o LMNA). En el estudio de la EP, realizado sobre 30 pacientes con RMN o TC del área del tronco, encontramos que los pacientes asintomáticos presentaban infiltración grasa muscular en al menos un músculo y que existía un patrón de infiltración muscular en el área del tronco que además seguía un patrón evolutivo según avanzaba la gravedad clínica. Objetivamos que existía una correlación entre el grado de infiltración muscular y el estadio clínico de los pacientes. En el estudio de las miopatías secundarias a mutaciones en el gen LMNA y EMD, realizado sobre 42 pacientes con RMN o TC de tronco y extremidades inferiores, los pacientes con EDMD no presentaron diferencias clínicas según su genotipo. Describimos un patrón de infiltración en los pacientes con EDMD que afectaba al área paravertebral, compartimento anterior y posterior de muslo y posterior de pierna. Encontramos una diferencia significativa en el grado y la frecuencia de infiltración del músculo Peroneo siendo mayor en las mutaciones del gen EMD. Observamos infiltración de la musculatura paravertebral en los pacientes asintomáticos y una progresión en el patrón radiológico según el estadio clínico. Se puede concluir que la imagen muscular es un biomarcador eficaz para el diagnóstico de la EP del adulto y de la miopatía producida por mutaciones en el gen EMD y LMNA. La imagen muscular puede ser útil para guiar el estudio genético en pacientes que comparten un mismo fenotipo.
Hereditary myopathies are diseases with a complex diagnosis. They may present with different phenotypes of muscle weakness. A relatively new phenotype is the axial phenotype. Adult Pompe’s disease (PD) is a glycogenosis. Glycogen accumulation in lysosomes causes muscle weakness that usually involves girdles and axial muscles associated with respiratory insufficiency. Myopathies due to mutations in EMD and LMNA genes may present with girdles weakness or with Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy phenotype (EDMD). EDMD patients present a scapular-humeral-peroneal weakness associated with joint contractures at elbows, ankles and spine. In recent years computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are being used for the study of some neuromuscular diseases. The hypothesis of this thesis is that muscular imaging could be a good diagnosis biomarker of Adult PD and EMD o LMNA genes related myopathy. A characteristic radiological pattern would allow an effective and early diagnosis. Aims were: 1) to describe the pattern of fatty muscle infiltration in these myopathies. 2) to study muscle infiltration in the paravertebral and abdominal area in 30 patients with PD. 3) to correlate muscle weakness with the degree of muscle infiltration in radiology in PD. 4) To describe clinical and radiological characteristics in 42 patients with mutations in EMD and LMNA genes. 5) to search radiological differences according to genotype (EMD o LMNA). PD study was performed in 30 patients with MRI or CT at the trunk level. We found that asymptomatic patients had fatty muscle infiltration in at least one muscle. There was a specific infiltration pattern in trunk area. Moreover this pattern makes evolves according to the clinical severity. There was a correlation between the degree of muscle infiltration and clinical stage. The study of myopathies due to mutations in EMD and LMNA genes was perfomed in 42 patients with MRI or CT of trunk and lower extremities area. We found EDMD patients showed no clinical differences according genotype. We described an infiltration pattern in these patients that affects paravertebral area, anterior and posterior compartment in the thigh and posterior compartment in the leg. Significative difference was found in the degree and frequency of infiltration in peroneal muscle. Peroneal Infiltration was greater in patients with mutations in EMD gene. We showed paravertebral infiltration in asymptomatic patients. We found an evolutive radiological pattern according to the clinical stage evolution. In conclusion muscular radiology is an effective biomarker for the diagnosis of adult PD and myopathies caused by mutations in the LMNA or EMD genes. In patients who share the same phenotype muscle imaging could be a useful tool to guide genetics studies.
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Silva, Thiago Rodrigues da. "Dosimetria em radiologia diagnóstica digital: Uso dos indicadores de exposição de sistemas digitais como estimadores de dose absorvida." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-06112014-143320/.

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Анотація:
Os sistemas de radiologia digital, entre eles os baseados em fósforos fotoestimuláveis (sistemas CR como sao conhecidos em radiologia), são cada vez mais comuns na pratica radiológica da cidade de Sao Paulo, seguindo uma tendência mundial. O uso desta tecnologia, que vem substituindo o conjunto tela-filme como sistema de detecção e produção de imagem, permite o uso de uma faixa dinâmica de detecção mais ampla e pode ser prejudicial ou benéfico do ponto de vista da dose absorvida pelo paciente, pois possibilita a obtenção de imagens para superexposições ou subexposições. Para avaliar o contraste obtido na imagem, e, ao mesmo tempo, obter uma estimativa da dose absorvida pelo paciente, todos os fabricantes de sistemas CR incluem no software de analise da imagem um indicador de exposição, que deve se relacionar com a dose absorvida pela placa de fosforo foto-estimulável (Image Plate IP). Estudos que relacionam a razão sinal ruído (SNR) e Dose de Entrada na Pele (DEP), avaliada com câmara de ionização e dosimetria TL, para radiografias de torax (frente e perfil) foram conduzidos empregando técnicas clinicas. Valores de dose (DEP e dose de saída) foram comparados com valores de níveis de cinza e de indicadores de exposição obtidos para as imagens com o CR Agfa CR30-X. Para isso foram utilizados dois simuladores: um simulador homogêneo, com paredes PMMA e preenchido com agua; e um simulador antropomórfico sem os membros superiores e inferiores (RANDO Phantom), no qual foi possível também medir doses internas com dosimetria TL, com irradiações realizadas em laboratório e em ambiente hospitalar. Os resultados mostraram uma relação logarítmica entre o indicador de exposição da Agfa (log of median of histogram - lgM) e a dose de saída do simulador, e uma relação logarítmica da DEP com a mediana dos níveis de cinza de uma regiao da imagem (SAL - Scan Average Level) para ambas as projeções. Também foi possível relacionar o lgM com a DEP, porem, tal relação e dependente da qualidade do feixe. Com o uso de filtros, verificamos que e possível diminuir a DEP mantendo a mesma qualidade da imagem. Neste trabalho foram obtidos valores de DEP na faixa de 0,0995(50) 1,657(51) mGy, e de doses internas entre 0,0074(18) e 0,90(13) mGy. Com isso concluímos que e possível relacionar os indicadores de exposição com a dose absorvida (DEP e dose de saída), e usar o CR como um avaliador de dose absorvida no paciente, quando a qualidade do feixe e conhecida.
The digital radiology systems, among them the system based on photostimulable phosphors (CR systems as they are known in radiology) are increasingly common in radiological practice in Sao Paulo, following a worldwide trend. Using this technology, which is replacing the screen-film as detection system for production of the image, can be detrimental or beneficial in terms of the absorbed dose to the patient, because the dynamic range of these detectors is much wider than the radiographic films, and it is possible to obtain an image with overexposure or underexposure. To evaluate the contrast obtained in the image, and at the same time, obtain an estimate of the absorbed dose to the patient, all manufacturers of CR systems include the evaluation of an exposure index in the image analysis software. This index should be related to the absorbed dose to the phosphor plate (Image Plate- IP). Studies that relate the signal to noise ratio (SNR) and Entrance Skin Dose (ESD), measured with ionization chamber and TL dosimetry for chest X-rays were conducted using clinical techniques, and typical values of dose (ESD and exit dose) were compared with values of gray levels and exposure index obtained with the CR. For this we used two simulators: a homogeneous one made with PMMA walls and filled with water, and an anthropomorphic phantom without the upper and lower limbs (RANDO Phantom), in which it was also possible to measure internal doses with TL dosimetry. The results showed a logarithmic relationship between the Agfa index IgM (log of median of histogram) and the simulator exit dose, and a log relationship between the ESD and the mean gray level of a region of the image (SAL - Scan Average Level ). It was also possible to relate the IgM with ESD, but the relation is dependent on the beam quality. With the use of different filtrations, we verified the possibility of decrease the ESD keeping the same image quality. In this work we obtained ESD values in the range 0.0995(50) 1.657(51) mGy, and internal doses from 0.0074(18) to 0.90(13) mGy.
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Ovando, Cortés Paloma Andrea. "Variabilidad en el diagnóstico de caries proximales con radiología convencional e imagen radiológica digitalizada estandarizadas." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2006. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/144973.

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Анотація:
Trabajo de Investigación Requisito para optar al Título de Cirujano Dentista
La detección de caries proximales incipientes es uno de los problemas a los que todavía se enfrentan los odontólogos debido principalmente a la difícil inspección de dichas superficies1. En la actualidad el diagnóstico radiológico es fundamental ya que aproximadamente la mitad de las lesiones proximales no son visibles clínicamente y sólo pueden ser detectadas mediante radiografías5,6, sin embargo, para que una lesión de caries sea detectada radiológicamente debe producirse una desmineralización del 30%4,5. Esta limitación en la detección de caries proximales incipientes ha hecho que nuevas tecnologías sean desarrolladas, sistemas digitales tienen gran aceptación en la evaluación y diagnóstico de lesión de caries oclusales por permitir durante la interpretación radiográfica, la manipulación del contraste, brillo y densidad, sin embargo no hay estudios similares para la detección de caries proximales10. En este estudio se comparó la efectividad de los métodos de diagnóstico radiográfico convencional, radiográfico digitalizado normal y radiográfico digitalizado invertido en la detección de caries proximales. Además se comparó el diagnóstico de caries realizado por alumnos egresados de Odontología, odontólogos generales y especialistas en radiología máxilo-facial. La muestra consistió en un total de 41 dientes entre premolares y molares con superficies proximales o al menos una de ellas con tinción evidente; mancha blanca o mancha café. La toma radiográfica convencional de todos los dientes fue realizada por un docente de la cátedra de Radiología de la Universidad de Chile. Con el objeto de estandarizar la toma radiográfica se creó un soporte que mantuvo siempre el tubo de rayos X en la misma posición y distancia con respecto a la película y al objeto a radiografiar Los dientes fueron montados en grupos de 3 dientes cada uno para crear las superficies de contacto y fueron fijados con cera rosa. Las imágenes digitalizadas se obtuvieron mediante el escaneo de las radiografías tomadas previamente en forma convencional. Las imágenes digitalizadas se manipularon computacionalmente en brillo y contraste y se invirtió la imagen para obtener el negativo de ésta. Las imágenes radiográficas convencional, digitalizadas normal y digitalizada invertida fueron analizadas por 9 observadores, 3 alumnos de pregrado egresados de la carrera de Odontología de la Universidad de Chile, 3 odontólogos generales y 3 radiólogos máxilo-faciales titulados en la Universidad de Chile. Cada uno de los observadores evaluó presencia o ausencia de caries proximales en las superficies dentarias y la profundidad de éstas respondiendo a una pauta de observación. Cada uno analizó las imágenes radiográficas en forma independiente, en el mismo lugar físico y bajo condiciones estándar. Para validar la comparación entre las distintas modalidades radiográficas los dientes fueron sometidos a cortes en zonas que involucraran la lesión y fueron examinados por un observador calibrado previamente, bajo condiciones estándar y evaluados en base al mismo criterio usado en el examen radiográfico. El porcentaje de acierto de todos los observadores en las distintas técnicas radiográficas fue 42% con radiología convencional, 40,2% con radiología digitalizada normal y 41,1% con radiología digitalizada invertida. El grupo de radiólogos máxilo-faciales tuvo un 44,1% de coincidencia con radiología convencional, 36% con radiología digitalizada normal y 39,2% con radiología digitalizada invertida. El grupo de odontólogos generales tuvo un 42,3% de aciertos con radiología convencional, un 39,6% con radiología digitalizada normal y un 40,5% con radiología digitalizada invertida. El grupo de estudiantes egresados tuvo un porcentaje de acierto de 39,6% con radiología convencional, 45% con radiología digitalizada normal y 43,7% con radiología digitalizada invertida. El test aplicado para el análisis estadístico fue el de Anova, no hubo diferencia significativa entre los resultados obtenidos. En este estudio se concluye que la efectividad de la radiografía digitalizada normal y digitalizada invertida en el diagnóstico de caries proximales es similar al de la radiografía convencional y que al comparar la precisión diagnóstica entre estudiantes egresados, odontólogos generales y radiólogos máxilo-faciales no hay evidencias de mejorías significativas en la interpretación diagnóstica en detección de caries proximales con la experiencia del examinador.
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9

Cros, Olivier. "Image Analysis and Visualization of the Human Mastoid Air Cell System." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Medicinsk informatik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-122179.

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From an engineering background, it is often believed that the human anatomy has already been fully described. Radiology has greatly contributed to understand the inside of the human body without surgical intervention. Despite great advances in clinical CT scanning, image quality is still related to a limited amount X-ray exposure for the patient safety. This limitation prevents fine anatomical structures to be visible and, more importantly, to be detected. Where such modality is of great advantage for screening patients, extracting parameters like surface area and volume implies the bone structure to be large enough in relation to the scan resolution. The mastoid, located in the temporal bone, houses an air cell system whose cells have a variation in size that can go far below current conventional clinical CT scanner resolution. Therefore, the mastoid air cell system is only partially represented on a CT scan. Any statistical analysis will be biased towards air cells of smaller size. To allow a complete representation of the mastoid air cell system, a micro-CT scanner is more adequate. Micro-CT scanning uses approximately the same amount of X-rays but for a much longer exposure time compared to what is normally allowed for patients. Human temporal bone specimens are therefore necessary when using such scanning method. Where the conventional clinical CT scanner lacks level of minutes details, micro-CT scanning provides an overwhelming amount of fine details. Prior to any image analysis of medical data, visualization of the data is often needed to learn how to extract the structures of interest for further processing. Visualization of micro-CT scans is of no exception. Due to the high resolution nature of the data, visualization of such data not only requires modern and powerful computers, but also necessitates a tremendous amount of time to adjust the hiding of irrelevant structures, to find the correct orientation, while emphasising the structure of interest. Once the quality of the data has been assessed, and a strategy for the image processing has been decided, the image processing can start, to in turn extract metrics such as the surface area or volume and draw statistics from it. The temporal bone being one of the most complex in the human body, visualization of micro-CT scanning of this bone awakens the curiosity of the experimenter, especially with the correct visualization settings. This thesis first presents a statistical analysis determining the surface area to volume ratio of the mastoid air cell system of human temporal bone, from micro-CT scanning using methods previously applied for conventional clinical CT scannings. The study compared current resul s with previous studies, with successive downsampling the data down to a resolution found in conventional clinical CT scanning. The results from the statistical analysis showed that all the small mastoid air cells, that cannot be detected in conventional clinical CT scans, do heavily contribute to the estimation of the surface area, and in consequence to the estimation of the surface area to volume ratio by a factor of about 2.6. Such a result further strengthens the idea of the mastoid to play an active role in pressure regulation and gas exchange. Discovery of micro-channels through specific use of a non-traditional transfer function was then reported, where a qualitative and a quantitative preanalysis was performed are described. To gain more knowledge about these micro-channels, a local structure tensor analysis was applied where structures are described in terms of planar, tubular, or isotropic structures. The results from this structural tensor analysis, also reported in this thesis, suggest these micro-channels to potentially be part of a more complex framework, which hypothetically would provide a separate blood supply for the mucosa lining the mastoid air cell system.
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10

Andersson, Kristina. "Evaluation of uncertainties in sub-volume based image registration : master of science thesis in medical radiation physics." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-38638.

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Physicians often utilize different imaging techniques to provide clear, visual information about internal parts of the patient. Since the different imaging modalities give different types of information, the combination of them serves as a powerful tool while determining the diagnosis, planning of treatment or during therapy follow-up. To simplify the interpretation of the image information, image registration is often used. The goal of the registration is to put different images in a common coordinate system. It is essential that the registration between the images is accurate. Normalized Mutual Information (NMI) is a metric that quantifies the conformity between images. Even though NMI is a robust method it is often dominated by large structures as the external contour of the patient as well as by the structures of the bones. The prostate is an organ that does not have a fixed position relative to the other organs and host small amounts of image information. The accuracy of the registration is therefore limited with respect to the prostate when using the whole image volume. This master thesis investigates the possibility to restrict the part of the image used for registration to a small volume around the prostate with goal to receive a better registration of the prostate than if full sized images are used. A registration program, utilizing NMI, was written and optimized in MatLab. Four Magnetic Resonance (MR) series and one Computed Tomographic (CT) series where taken over the pelvic area of five patients with the diagnosis prostate cancer. The prostate were delineated by a physician. By adding margin to the delineations five different sized Regions of Interest (ROI) where created.  The smallest ROI precisely covered the prostate while the largest covered the whole image. The deviation in Center of Mass (CoM) between the images and the Percentage Volume Overlap (PVO) were calculated and used as a measure of alignment. The registrations performed with sub-volumes showed an improvement compared to those that used full-volume while registering a MR image to another MR image. In one third of the cases a 2 cm margin to the prostate is preferable. A 3 cm margin is the most favorable option in another third of the cases. The use of sub-volumes to register MR images to CT series turned out to be unpredictable with poor accuracy. Full sized image registration between two MR image pairs has a high precision but, due to the motion of the prostate, poor accuracy. As a result of the high information content in the MR images both high precision as well as high accuracy can be achieved by the use of sub-volume registration. CT images do not contain the same amount of image information around the prostate and the sub-volume based registrations between MR and CT images are hence inconsistent with a low precision.  
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Книги з теми "Radiologic image"

1

Radiographic image analysis. 3rd ed. Maryland Heights, Mo: Saunders/Elsevier, 2011.

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2

Radiographic image analysis. 2nd ed. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Saunders, 2006.

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3

Image reconstruction in radiology. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 1990.

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4

1938-, James A. Everette, Anderson James H, and Higgins Charles B, eds. Digital image processing in radiology. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1985.

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5

Biomedical image analysis. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 2005.

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6

M, Moores B., British Institute of Radiology, Commission of the European Communities., Great Britain. National Radiological Protection Board., and Workshop on "Optimization of Image Quality and Patient Exposure in Diagnostic Radiology" (1988 : Oxford, England), eds. Optimization of image quality and patient exposure in diagnostic radiology. London: British Institute of Radiology, 1989.

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7

Haidekker, Mark A. Advanced biomedical image analysis. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons, 2010.

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8

Hiss, Stephen S. Understanding radiography. 3rd ed. Springfield, Ill: C.C. Thomas, 1993.

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9

F, Czervionke Leo, and Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research., eds. Image-guided spine intervention. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders, 2003.

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10

Radiographic imaging: A guide for producing quality radiographs. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1992.

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Частини книг з теми "Radiologic image"

1

Dunlap, Melinda, and Jordan Berlin. "Combination Therapy for Liver Metastases: Chemotherapy and Radiologic Interventions." In Image-Guided Cancer Therapy, 469–80. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0751-6_33.

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2

Sivewright, Gordon J., John M. Knapman, Will Dickson, and Peter J. Elliott. "Interactive Image Segmentation Applied to CT and MR Images." In Computer Assisted Radiology / Computergestützte Radiologie, 328–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-49351-5_55.

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3

Straughan, K., S. L. Free, R. I. Kitney, A. W. Goode, M. J. Turner, and C. Panahy. "Digital Image Processing of X-Ray and MR Breast Images." In Computer Assisted Radiology / Computergestützte Radiologie, 624–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-00807-2_100.

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4

Orphanoudakis, S. C., E. G. Petrakis, and P. Kofakis. "A Medical Image Data Base System for Tomographic Images." In CAR’89 Computer Assisted Radiology / Computergestützte Radiologie, 618–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52311-3_110.

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5

Aubry, F., V. Chameroy, F. Lavaire, J. P. Ramond, I. E. Saidane, A. Giron, Y. Bizais, A. Todd-Pokropek, and R. Di Paola. "Medical Image Management Using a Semantic Approach: Image Description." In Computer Assisted Radiology / Computergestützte Radiologie, 265–71. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-49351-5_45.

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6

Blum, Christof, and Eva-Maria Stephan. "Using ISO/IEC’s Image Interchange Facility (IIF) for Medical Image Data Communication." In Computer Assisted Radiology / Computergestützte Radiologie, 241–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-49351-5_41.

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7

Linderer, T., W. Wunderlich, F. Fischer, J. Nöring, and R. Schröder. "Image Zoom Falsifies Vessel Diameters." In Computer Assisted Radiology / Computergestützte Radiologie, 763. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-49351-5_139.

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8

Wicks, D. A. G., G. J. Barker, and D. L. Plummer. "A General Image File Format." In Computer Assisted Radiology / Computergestützte Radiologie, 471–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-00807-2_76.

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9

Noz, Marilyn E., Gerald Q. Maguire, Evan M. Lee, and James H. Schimpf. "Graphical Aids for Tomographic Image Correlation." In Computer Assisted Radiology / Computergestützte Radiologie, 608–11. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52247-5_96.

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10

Williamson, Byrn, and Richard L. Morin. "A Large Clinical Image Archive System." In Computer Assisted Radiology / Computergestützte Radiologie, 746. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-49351-5_124.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Radiologic image"

1

Badano, Aldo, and Michael J. Flynn. "Image degradation by glare in radiologic display devices." In Medical Imaging 1997, edited by Yongmin Kim. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.273900.

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2

Fellingham, Linda L., and Jagdish C. Kohli. "Radiologic image communication and archive service: a secure, scalable, shared approach." In Photonics East '95, edited by C. C. Jay Kuo. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.227240.

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3

Dequidt, Paul, Pascal Bourdon, Benoit Tremblais, Carole Guillevin, Benoit Gianelli, Claire Boutet, Jean-Philippe Cottier, Jean-Noel Vallee, Christine Fernandez-Maloigne, and Remy Guillevin. "Assigning a new glioma grade label ground-truth for the BraTS dataset using radiologic criteria." In 2020 Tenth International Conference on Image Processing Theory, Tools and Applications (IPTA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipta50016.2020.9286707.

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4

Hillis, Stephen L. "Identical-test Roe and Metz simulation model for validating multi-reader methods of analysis for comparing different radiologic imaging modalities." In Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment, edited by Claudia R. Mello-Thoms and Sian Taylor-Phillips. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2612691.

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5

Judy, Philip F., Richard Nawfel, and Richard G. Swensson. "Visual classification of degree of vessel stenosis." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1990.tuoo2.

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This experiment measured human observers' ability to classify vessels with four degrees of stenosis that were rendered on film. The noisy image data simulated a radiologic image. One rendering linearly mapped the image data into optical density. With a second rendering, a threshold of 25% of maximum vessel contrast was applied before the mapping. The observers' classification responses were analyzed by an extension of the standard receiver-operating-characteristic procedure.1 The statistical efficiency of the observers was 0.55 (0.05 standard error) relative to a computer classification procedure on the same image data and 0.059 (0.023) relative to an optimum calculation. The observers' efficiency was higher with the threshold-rendered images and decreased only slightly as the displayed vessel contrast decreased by a factor of 64. Observers' classification of stenosis may be based primarily on the vessel's edge location, because the display manipulation that degraded gray-scale information (while sharpening edges) increased the observers' efficiency.
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6

"Automatic Detection and Classification of Dental Restorations in Panoramic Radiographs." In InSITE 2019: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Jerusalem. Informing Science Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4307.

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[This Proceedings paper was revised and published in the 2019 issue of the journal Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology, Volume 16] Aim/Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a prototype of an information-generating computer tool designed to automatically map the dental restorations in a panoramic radiograph. Background: A panoramic radiograph is an external dental radiograph of the oro-maxillofacial region, obtained with minimal discomfort and significantly lower radiation dose compared to full mouth intra-oral radiographs or cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging. Currently, however, a radiologic informative report is not regularly designed for a panoramic radiograph, and the referring doctor needs to interpret the panoramic radiograph manually, according to his own judgment. Methodology: An algorithm, based on techniques of computer vision and machine learning, was developed to automatically detect and classify dental restorations in a panoramic radiograph, such as fillings, crowns, root canal treatments and implants. An experienced dentist evaluated 63 panoramic anonymized images and marked on them, manually, 316 various restorations. The images were automatically cropped to obtain a region of interest (ROI) containing only the upper and lower alveolar ridges. The algorithm automatically segmented the restorations using a local adaptive threshold. In order to improve detection of the dental restorations, morphological operations such as opening, closing and hole-filling were employed. Since each restoration is characterized by a unique shape and unique gray level distribution, 20 numerical features describing the contour and the texture were extracted in order to classify the restorations. Twenty-two different machine learning models were evaluated, using a cross-validation approach, to automatically classify the dental restorations into 9 categories. Contribution: The computer tool will provide automatic detection and classification of dental restorations, as an initial step toward automatic detection of oral pathologies in a panoramic radiograph. The use of this algorithm will aid in generating a radiologic report which includes all the information required to improve patient management and treatment outcome. Findings: The automatic cropping of the ROI in the panoramic radiographs, in order to include only the alveolar ridges, was successful in 97% of the cases. The developed algorithm for detection and classification of the dental restorations correctly detected 95% of the restorations. ‘Weighted k-NN’ was the machine-learning model that yielded the best classification rate of the dental restorations - 92%. Impact on Society: Information that will be extracted automatically from the panoramic image will provide a reliable, reproducible radiographic report, currently unavailable, which will assist the clinician as well as improve patients’ reliance on the diagnosis. Future Research: The algorithm for automatic detection and classification of dental restorations in panoramic imaging must be trained on a larger dataset to improve the results. This algorithm will then be used as a preliminary stage for automatically detecting incidental oral pathologies exhibited in the panoramic images.
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7

Ghanbarzadeh Dagheyan, Ashkan, Ali Molaei, Richard Obermeier, Chang Liu, Aida Kuri Martinez, and Jose Martinez Lorenzo. "Initial Results of a Bimodal, Ultrasound-Microwave, Imaging System for Early Detection of Breast Cancer." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-72174.

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Unlike x-ray, ultrasound imaging (USI) uses nonionizing acoustic radiation to detect tumors in various body organs, including breast. In the reconstructed images, a radiologist can distinguish between a tumor and a non-malignant cyst, which is highly valuable in making true-positive diagnoses. However, clinical data shows that the addition of ultrasound to mammography, as a separate but auxiliary imaging tool, can increase the false-positive rates [1]. Nonetheless, in a co-registered manner, when an ultrasound image is used as prior information for another breast imaging modality, USI has the potential to make diagnosis more accurate. Previously, we presented the early results of a near-field radar imaging (NRI) system, developed as an add-on unit to the Digital Breast Tomosynthesis to enhance its low radiological contrast. In this work, the early results of a bimodal, USI-NRI, imaging system is presented by adding an ultrasound sensor to our previous system. A simple experimental configuration was utilized for the purpose of proving the concept. The initial results of this study can open the way for safer (in terms of radiation) and more accurate breast imaging in future.
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8

Dwyer III, Samuel J., Louis H. Wetzel, John M. Bramble, Glendon G. Cox, and Kirkman G. Baxter. "Radiology Image Management Networks." In OE/LASE '89, edited by John C. Urbach. SPIE, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.952854.

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9

Levin, Ronald L., Mary A. Douglas, Joseph A. Frank, and R. Gladish. "Multimodality radiological image processing system." In Visualization in Biomedical Computing, edited by Richard A. Robb. SPIE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.131102.

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10

Krupinski, Elizabeth A. "Radiologist and automated image analysis." In Research Workshop on Automated Medical Image Analysis, edited by Binh Pham, Michael Braun, Anthony J. Maeder, and Michael P. Eckert. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.351625.

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