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Статті в журналах з теми "Qualité de l'Air extérieure":
Molina, Claude. "Qualité de l'air et allergie." Revue Française des Laboratoires 2003, no. 349 (January 2003): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0338-9898(03)80467-5.
Leyes, Jimmy, and Laure Roussel. "La surveillance de la qualité de l'air dans les Hauts-de-France." La Météorologie, no. 115 (2021): 045. http://dx.doi.org/10.37053/lameteorologie-2021-0092.
Gros, Valérie, Sophie Génermont, Pauline Buysse, Carole Bedos, Raluca Ciuraru, Benjamin Loubet, Jean-Francois Castell, Pierre Cellier, and Gaelle Uzu. "Colloque « Agriculture et qualité de l'air », mars 2019." La Météorologie, no. 106 (2019): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/2042/70366.
Bernard, Banga. "Quand les plantes surveillent la qualité de l'air." Biofutur 1997, no. 164 (February 1997): 35–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0294-3506(97)87009-3.
Le Moal, Sylvain, and Jean-Baptiste Hernandez. "Novembre 2016 : Piètre qualité de l'air; Une perturbation d'école." La Météorologie, no. 96 (2017): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/2042/61980.
Clerbaux, Cathy, Anne Boynard, Camille Viatte, and Maya George. "Amélioration de la qualité de l'air durant le confinement." La Météorologie, no. 109 (2020): 005. http://dx.doi.org/10.37053/lameteorologie-2020-0036.
Sow, Baïdy, Bertrand Tchanche, Ibrahima Fall, Saliou Souare, and Aminata Mbow-Diokhane. "Pollution atmosphérique dans la ville de Dakar, Sénégal." La Météorologie, no. 116 (2022): 048. http://dx.doi.org/10.37053/lameteorologie-2022-0013.
MORAND, J. J., L. CHÊNE, T. LEFEVBRE, S. ABED, T. BOYÉ, and A. VALOIS. "Télé-expertise en opération extérieure." Médecine et Armées Vol.49 No.4, Volume 49, Numéro 4 (December 20, 2023): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.8047.
Boutaric, Franck. "L'information sur la qualité de l'air : dispositif et constructions sociales." Mouvements 37, no. 1 (2005): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/mouv.037.0100.
Cupelin, François, Jean-Claude Landry, Pierre Lehmann, and Fabienne Despot. "Modèle statistique pour la gestion de la qualité de l'air." Science of The Total Environment 169, no. 1-3 (July 1995): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(95)04631-a.
Дисертації з теми "Qualité de l'Air extérieure":
Olea, Lelia Letitia. "Influence de la pollution extérieure sur la qualité de l'air intérieur : rôle des fissures dans le transfert de particules solides." La Rochelle, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LAROS287.
Indoor air quality is a major factor as nowadays people spend most of their time in buildings being exposed to the indoor level of pollution. This dissertation explores a well-defined subject, namely, the particle penetration through buildings cracks. The rate of pollutant entry through a leakage can be expressed by means of a penetration factor. Being a function of species, leakage path properties or pressure drop over the crack, the penetration factor states the level of outdoor particles found indoors. After presenting the studies which had evaluated penetration factor for airborne particles based mainly on experimental evidence, we introduced our two research directions: the experimental one developed at LEPTIAB laboratory, followed by a numerical part using a commercial code (StarCd). The objective of the experimental part was to advance a new method capable of determining the cracks’ penetration factor. The research purpose was accomplished using an authors’ built in laboratory device which allowed an independent evaluation of the parameters determining penetration factor variations. The parameters are separated into two groups, those which are related to the crack, as its dimensions or position by respect to the flow direction and the external parameters, as the pressure drop or particle’s diameter. For the experimental studies, the system complexity increased in succeeding phases. We first started with rectangular cracks and after passed to real building envelope elements which allow airborne particles infiltration. The second part of this research proposes a numerical study capable of clarifying some details that are not obvious out of the experimental results. The numerical part conceived using a commercial code type CFD, aims to describe the particles’ trajectories, particles’ deposition positions, or to quantify the crack entrance effect. In the end, we can conclude that the crack entrance strongly influences the particle penetration factor. The conclusions highlight the major findings from this dissertation and outline the potential future research directions based on infiltrations through buildings’ cracks
Marchand, Caroline. "Incidences des teneurs en aldéhydes mesurées dans l'air intérieur et extérieur sur des patients sujets à l'asthme." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2005/MARCHAND_Caroline_2005.pdf.
In this work, gaseous aldehydes concentrations were quantified by a conventional DNHP-derivatization method, with active sampling, followed by liquid chromatography coupled to UV detection. Different environments in the Strasbourg area (east of France) were quantified: outdoor, indoor and intermediate environments such as public spaces (shopping centre, libraries, train station, etc. ), vehicle inside and underground parking garage. As part of indoor measurements, a case/control study, including asthmatics, was realised in 162 dwellings. Finally, a standardized human exposure chamber to formaldehyde (FA) was developped et used for a biomedical study on the effect of FA on allergen bronchial response in asthmatics sensitized to mites. The obtained results have shown that FA and acetaldehyde (AA) are the most abundant aldehydes in outdoor and intermediate environments. In homes, hexanal has been also detected. Indoor/outdoor ratios of both FA and AA (about 13 and 8 respectively) confirm the existence of indoor aldehyde sources in residential homes. The cross-sectional study by asthmatics and controls has underlined that FA levels are similar for asthmatics and controls (respectively 32. 6 and 31. 7µg m-3, p = 0. 696). However, statistical tests made on the asthmatic group have highlighted that allergic and asthmatic patients are particularly sensitive to levels of FA exposure higher than 50 µg m-3. Besides, the biomedical study has demonstrated that exposure to low levels of FA (100 µg m-3 for 30 minutes) enhances significantly the bronchial response to mite allergen in sensitised asthma patients. The effect of the measured gaseous aldehydes concentrations was also discussed in term of exposure potential dose to these compounds for different 'exposure cases' and the corresponding integrated exposures have been compared with the values given in the current guidelines
Morati, Nicolas. "Système de détection ultra-sensible et sélectif pour le suivi de la qualité de l'air intérieur et extérieur." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0200.
Today the air is polluted by many chemicals, which are in the form of a complex mixture that is difficult to identify. These marker gases include carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). It has therefore become imperative to design detection systems that are inexpensive, but at the same time highly sensitive and selective, in order to monitor air quality in real time. Metal Oxide gas sensors (MOX) can meet these requirements. They are used in portable and low cost gas detection devices. Very sensitive, stable and with a long lifespan, MOX sensors suffer from an inherent lack of selectivity, which can be overcome by integrating artificial intelligence. This thesis is concerned with the implementation of gas identification methods based on the analysis of experimental data. The objective is to discriminate three pollution marker gases: CO, O3, and NO2, with a single sensor, under real conditions of use, i.e. in the permanent presence of a concentration of these gases in the humid ambient air. For this, we use a tungsten oxide (WO3) gas sensor patented by IM2NP laboratory and operated under a worldwide license by the company NANOZ.A complete experimental database was created from a protocol based on temperature modulation of the sensitive layer. From this database, we implemented two different feature extraction methods: the computation of temporal attributes and the wavelet transform. These two methods were evaluated on their gas discrimination capacity thanks to the use of several families of classification algorithms, such as support vector machines (SVM), decision trees, K nearest neighbours, neural networks, etc
Basly, Ludovic. "Télédétection pour la qualité de l'air en milieu urbain." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006291.
Pérard-Lecomte, Aude. "Caractérisation de la dispersion des polluants particulaires dans le sillage des poids lourds en milieu urbain." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0207.
Road transportation is a major contributor to air quality pollution in urban areas, particularly in fine and ultrafine particles. These pollutants are harmful to human health, as they can worsen or cause lung and cardiovascular diseases. In this context, we are interested in the evolution of particles emitted from heavy truck exhausts, starting from their emission. The main objective of this thesis is to study the extent of particle dispersion emitted by heavy truck's exhausts, around and in the wake of heavy trucks. Numerical methods based on an Euler-Lagrange approach were used to simulate and characterize the airflow topology around the truck, using the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) method for the fluid phase and a Lagrangian approach for the dispersed phase. These simulations were supported by wind tunnel measurements in the wake of a reduced-scale model of a heavy truck. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was used for analyzing the air velocity fields, while the dispersion of ultrafine solid particles was characterized by measuring concentration fields using a granulometer. The truck's wake flow is completely detached at the rear of the trailer, revealing a recirculation zone mainly composed of a large vortex, coming from the under-trailer. Particles' dynamics appears to be dominated by turbulence and strongly correlated with vortical structures, especially in the wake of the truck. Indeed, particles tend to concentrate preferentially on the periphery of the main vortex formed behind the truck, as well as in areas of low turbulent intensity. The movement of most inertial particles (diameter > 2.5~mu m) is dominated by gravity, while turbulence is mainly responsible for the movement and deposition of the finest particles (diameter < 2.5~mu m). The position and orientation of the exhaust pipe also have a significant influence on the extent of dispersion and the distribution of particles in the underbody and in the wake of the heavy truck. Indeed, when particles are emitted from the under-trailer, most of them are concentrated in the recirculation zone, less than 1.85H away from the trailer (H being the height of the trailer), and at human height. On the other hand, the particles emitted on the top of the truck are very rarely re-entrained in the recirculation zone, and are mostly concentrated above it, at a height equivalent to 2.6~m (0,9H) above ground level. The exposure of populations to the particles emitted by heavy goods vehicles could therefore be sharply limited when the exhausts are released from top of the truck
Lecoeur, Eve, and Eve Lecoeur. "Influence de l'évolution climatique sur la qualité de l'air en Europe." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00966991.
Garaud, Damien, and Damien Garaud. "Estimation des incertitudes et prévision des risques en qualité de l'air." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00679178.
Kalhori, Azadeh. "La qualité de l'air en milieu urbain : Entre mesures et perceptions." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2008/KALHORI_Azadeh_2008.pdf.
The atmospheric pollution in urban zones is a major stake in the world because cities concentrate the majority of the population of the globe at the moment. Cities make more and more the object of studies concerning the atmospheric pollution, its impacts (the sanitary risks) and the means to reduce the atmospheric pollution and its misdeeds. This one varies spatially and temporarily in city according to the morphology of districts, the weather conditions and the locations of the sources of pollutants. From then, the concentration of pollutants must be defined in a micro-urban scale to estimate the exposure of the populations. Indeed, this exposure is a part of a wider concept, the air quality which is considered as an essential element of today. These last ones are moreover subjected to an exposure to be estimated during the day during their movements, but also inside buildings. The individual perception of this pollution during its daily activities, brings a lighting interesting on the behaviour of the city-dwellers in front of the pollution and of its interactions with the individual well-being and the quality of life. This thesis has for objective to estimate the possible distortion between the individual exposure estimated at the pollution and the perception of this one to identify cognitive, environmental and cultural factors influencing the perception. In this respect, first of all, the concentration of pollutants was obtained by means of the model ADMS-Urban at an intra-urban scale. It allowed to obtain a concentration of pollutants continues over Strasbourg. Then, 200 inquiries of perception 'inquiry of follow-up' were realized. This helped us to determine the individual exposure of the pollution and their perception in various places. By implementing some type of analysis and a SIG, the characteristics of the pollution and the behaviour of the city-dwellers were revealing. The confrontation of this last information also allowed to understand the complex relation between the perception and the variation of the atmospheric pollution in city
Garaud, Damien. "Estimation des incertitudes et prévision des risques en qualité de l'air." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST1162/document.
This work is about uncertainty estimation and risk prediction in air quality. Firstly, we need to build an ensemble of air quality simulations which can take into account all uncertainty sources related to air quality modeling. Ensembles of photochemical simulations at continental and regional scales are automatically built. Then, these generated ensemble are calibrated with a combinatorial optimization method. It selects a sub-ensemble which is representative of uncertainty or has good resolution and reliability of probabilistic forecasts. Thus, this work show that it is possible to estimate and forecast uncertainty fields related to ozone and nitrogen dioxide concentrations or to improve reliability related to the threshold exceedance prediction. This approach is compared with Monte Carlo ensemble calibration. This ensemble is less representative of uncertainty. Finally, we can estimate the part of the measure error, representativity error and modeling error in air quality
Lecoeur, Eve. "Influence de l'évolution climatique sur la qualité de l'air en Europe." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST1176/document.
Air pollution is the result of high emissions of pollutants (and pollutant precursors) and unfavorable meteorological conditions. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is one of the pollutants of great concern for human health. Every year, a repeated or continuous exposure to such particles is responsible for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases among the concerned populations and leads to premature deaths. Climate change is expected to impact meteorological variables (temperature, wind, precipitation,...). Those variables will influence numerous factors, which will affect air quality (emissions, precipitation scavenging, gas/particle equilibrium,...). A large body of studies have already investigated the effects of climate change on ozone, whereas only a few have addressed its effects on PM2.5 concentrations, especially over Europe. This is the subject we investigate in this thesis. Large-scale circulation is closely linked to surface meteorological variables. Therefore, it is expected that it will impact PM2.5 concentrations too. In this thesis, we develop a statistical algorithm to estimate future PM2.5 concentrations from present PM2.5 observations, selected meteorological variables and tools to represent this circulation (weather regimes and weather types). The lack of daily observations of PM2.5 and its components over Europe prevents us to used observations. Consequently, we have created a pseudo-observed PM2.5 data set, by using the Polyphemus/Polair3D air quality Chemical-Transport Model. Both operational and dynamic evaluations were conducted against EMEP measurements, to ensure that the influence of meteorological variables on PM2.5 concentrations is correctly reproduced by the model. As far as we know, this dynamic evaluation of an air quality model with respect to meteorology is the first conducted to date.Future PM2.5 concentrations display an increase over the U.K., northern France, Benelux, and in the Balkans, and a decrease over northern, eastern, and southeastern Europe, Italy, and Poland compared to the historical period. The evolution of weather type frequencies is not sufficient to explain the PM2.5 changes. The relationships between the large-scale circulation and the weather types, between the weather types and meteorological variables, and between meteorological variables and PM2.5 concentrations evolve with future meteorological conditions and also contribute to PM2.5 changes. The statistical method developed in this thesis is a new approach to estimate the impact of climate and climate change on PM2.5 concentrations over Europe. Despite some uncertainties, this approach is easily applicable to different models and scenarios, as well as other geographical regions and other pollutants. Using observations to establish the pollutant-meteorology relationship would make this approach more robust
Книги з теми "Qualité de l'Air extérieure":
Sudbury, Air pur. Du changement dans l'air: Tendances de la qualité de l'air à Sudbury. Sudbury, Ont: Air pur Sudbury, 2005.
Vennin, Ariane. La qualité de l'air: Normes et procédures. Paris: Imprimerie nationale, 2000.
Canada. Air Quality Accord =: Accord sur la qualité de l'air. [Ottawa]: Environment Canada = Environnement Canada, 1991.
Canada. Air Quality Accord =: Accord sur la qualité de l'air. [Ottawa]: Environment Canada = Environnement Canada, 1991.
Nguyen, Van Hiep. La qualité de l'air intérieur: Aspects techniques, médicaux et juridiques. 2nd ed. Cowansville, Québec: Editions Y. Blais, 1999.
Canada. Direction de l'hygiène du milieu. Directives d'exposition concernant la qualité de l'air des résidences: Rapport. Ottawa, Ont: Direction de l'hygiène du milieu, 1989.
1957-, Lévesque Benoît, and Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation., eds. Appareils de combustion de bois et qualité de l'air intérieur. [Ottawa]: SCHL, 1997.
Nguyen, Van Hiep. La qualité de l'air intérieur: Aspects techniques, médicaux et juridiques. 3rd ed. Cowansville, Québec: Éditions Y. Blais, 2007.
Ed, Lowans, Conrad Alicia, Société canadienne d'hypothèques et de logement., and Société REIC, eds. Guide d'assainissement de l'air: Comment cerner et régler les problèmes de qualité de l'air de votre habitation. Ottawa, Ont: Société canadienne d'hypothèques et de logement, 1993.
atmosphérique, Québec (Province) Direction générale du milieu. La qualité de l'air à Bécancour: Avril 1995 à mars 1997. Québec]: Environnement et faune Québec, Direction du milieu atmosphérique, 1998.
Частини книг з теми "Qualité de l'Air extérieure":
"Changement climatique et qualité de l'air." In Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE, 169–210. OECD, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264168541-10-fr.
"Gestion de la qualité de l'air." In Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE, 123–63. OECD, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264039636-5-fr.
"Émissions de carbone et qualité de l'air dans les régions." In Panorama des régions de l'OCDE. OECD, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/reg_glance-2011-34-fr.
D'ARANDA, E., B. BOURGEOIS, C. DERKENNE, J. F. BUCHET, E. MEAUDRE, and E. KAISER. "Evaluation de la présélection au don de sang total au sein du détachement de l'armée de l'Air de Niamey." In Médecine et Armées Vol. 46 No.2, 120–24. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.7351.
MORAND, J. J. "Télé-expertise dermatologique en OPEX." In Médecine et Armées Vol. 46 No.1, 27–36. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.7366.
SILUÉ, Sassongo Jacques, and Jacqueline Siamba Gabrielle DIOMANDE-KEITA. "Langues, environnement lettré et développement durable." In Voix africaines, voies émergentes, 161–82. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.5574.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Qualité de l'Air extérieure":
Leforestier, Claire. "Fontaines narratives de Jean GIono." In XXV Coloquio AFUE. Palabras e imaginarios del agua. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/xxvcoloquioafue.2016.3039.
Звіти організацій з теми "Qualité de l'Air extérieure":
Egyed, M., P. Blagden, D. Plummer, P. Makar, C. Matz, M. Flannigan, M. MacNeill, et al. Qualité de l'air. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329552.