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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022
Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Purchasing power of population"

1

Kolesnikov, A. "PURCHASING POWER ASSESSMENT POPULATION." AIC: economics, management, no. 9 (2019): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33305/199-73.

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Pavlovskaya, Nadezhda Alekseevna. "Demographic situation and average purchasing power." Sanitarnyj vrač (Sanitary Doctor), no. 3 (February 27, 2022): 236–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-08-2203-07.

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The study of the patterns of demographic processes in the Russian Federation and the preservation of the people is of crucial importance for the further development of the country. Currently, the number of the indigenous population of Russia is decreasing. The article summarizes the research results of an outstanding scientist, specialist in the field of occupational medicine, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor. Velichkovsky B.T., who identified the regularities of the relationship of a number of economic and medical factors with the intensity of the population decline of the Russian Federation. Scientists have established a connection between the population decline and the value of its purchasing power, the availability of medical personnel, dustiness of the air, living conditions and other factors. It is shown that the most significant role in mortality is the value of the purchasing power of the population. The main diseases leading to an increase in mortality have been identified. The calculations of the author of the article showed that a close relationship between the purchasing power and the mortality rate of the population of the Russian Federation remains at the present time.
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3

Salim, Ruhul, and Kamrul Hassan. "Does the relative population growth affect purchasing power parity?" Applied Economics Letters 16, no. 1 (January 20, 2009): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504850802616484.

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4

Petrova, Nadezhda. "CONSUMPTION AND PURCHASING POWER OF THE POPULATION OF BASIC FOOD PRODUCTS." Trakia Journal of Sciences 17, Suppl.1 (2019): 562–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2019.s.01.089.

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The consumption and purchasing power of the population are key factors in the development of domestic production and sales and an important indicator of the standard of living of the population. The aim of the article is to investigate the development of the consumption and purchasing power of the population of basic food products. The methods used are systematic and comparative analysis; Method of statistical groupings, expert assessments, inductive and deductive methods for generalizing summaries.
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5

Hassan, Kamrul, and Ruhul Salim. "The linkage between relative population growth and purchasing power parity." International Journal of Development Issues 10, no. 2 (July 4, 2011): 154–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14468951111149096.

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6

Dong, Huijian, and Xiaomin Guo. "Population, Income, and Farmland Pricing in an Open Economy." International Journal of Financial Studies 8, no. 4 (October 28, 2020): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijfs8040067.

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Farmland valuation models usually incorporate local purchasing power as one of the pricing factors. A plausible rationale is that a larger population and higher income per capita imply increasing demand for agricultural products and farmland. In this paper, we study the relationship between the agricultural land prices, the regional population, and income per capita in an open economy setting in nominal and real variable terms using data from 1929 to 2018 at the state level. We show that in most areas of the United States, agricultural land prices are less affected by the state population or personal income. The valuation of agricultural land should not factor in the local purchasing power factors, with a few exceptions.
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7

Wibowo, Ana Rahmawati, and Rifki Khoirudin. "ANALYSIS OF DETERMINANTS OF POOR POPULATION IN CENTRAL JAVA 2008-2017." Ekuilibrium : Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Ilmu Ekonomi 14, no. 1 (March 22, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24269/ekuilibrium.v14i1.1482.

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One of the indicators socio-economic the success of development is a decrease in the number of poor people. Central Java is the province with the second largest number of poor people after East Java Province. This study aims to determine the effect of population growth rate, GDP per capita life expectancy (AHH), mean years of schooling (RLS) and purchasing power parity simultaneously and partially on the number of poor people in Central Java from 2008-2017. This study uses secondary data by using program Stata 14, the analysis technique used is multiple linear regression panel data. The results of the study showed that the population growth rate, GDP per capita, life expectancy (AHH), mean years of schooling (RLS) and purchasing power parity simultaneously have a significant effect on the number of poor people. Partially, population growth rate, life expectancy, and means years of schooling have a negative and significant influence on the number of poor people. While the GDP per capita and purchasing power parity do not have a significant effect on the number of poor people in Central Java. Various government policies and programs should continue to be rolled out to isolated areas so that increased income can be balanced with equitable development.
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Stanciu, Mariana, and Adina Mihăilescu. "Purchasing Power of the Low Income Population from Romania During the Crisis." Procedia Economics and Finance 8 (2014): 466–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(14)00115-4.

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Carrillo, Miriam, Alicia Gonzalez-Sparks, and Nestor U. Salcedo. "Social power of preadolescent children on influence in their mothers’ purchasing behavior." Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science 23, no. 45 (August 6, 2018): 150–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jefas-01-2018-0018.

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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the relationship between legitimate and expert social power types of preadolescent children on the influence perception in their mothers’ purchasing behavior in Peruvian toy stores. The literature review takes into consideration the concepts of social power and the influence on family behavior to then focus on social power within family behavior with the purpose of mainly developing four hypotheses regarding purchasing behavior. Design/methodology/approach The methodology followed a non-experimental transversal correlational-causal design. A pilot sample size of 67 cases was used. The sample was based on an objective population of Peruvian mothers of families that live in northern Lima and that go to purchase toys to major shopping centers with their children aged 8-11 years. Findings The results show that the expert social power, as well as the legitimate social power, has a strong relationship. In addition, both social powers have an impact on the influence perception in purchasing child-mother, but not on the influence perception in purchasing mother-child. Moreover, the test of moderation of the expenditure level on toy purchases did not have an effect on the context that was studied. Originality/value The contribution shows that important changes are happening in the consumption behavior on the aspect of children influencing mothers, and that for Latin American contexts, the level of expenditure still does not crucially affect the causality demonstrated.
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10

Abdiannur, Abdiannur, and Sukimin Sukimin. "CELEBRITY ENDORSER (BINTANG IKLAN) SEBAGAI KOMUNIKASI PEMASARAN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN MEMBELI OLI FASTRON DI KOTA BALIKPAPAN." Jurnal GeoEkonomi 10, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36277/geoekonomi.v10i1.49.

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Celebrity Endorser (visibility, credibility, attractiveness and power) towards the decision to buy fastron oil in Balikpapan City. The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression. The population in this research is all the use of fastron oil in Balikpapan City and the sample used is 100 respondents using purposive sampling technique. The results showed that the celebrity endorser variables (visibility, credibility, attractiveness, and power) simultaneously associated with Fastron oil purchasing decisions and partial variable visibility had a positive and significant effect, positive and significant credibility, positive and significant attractiveness and positive questionable power and significant to purchasing decisions and power variables are variables that have a dominant influence.
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Дисертації з теми "Purchasing power of population"

1

Скворчевський, Олександр Євгенович, Тетяна Кравцова та Анастасія Свічкарь. "Економетрична оцінка залежності купівельної спроможності населення України від його доходів". Thesis, Львівська політехніка, 2017. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/32787.

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2

Speed, Preston Brooks. "Tests of purchasing power parity." Thesis, This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01292009-063028/.

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3

Dúbravská, Pavla. "Purchasing Power Parity in Transition Economies." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-3895.

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The goal of this diploma thesis is to assess purchasing power parity (PPP) under the conditions of transition process. The thesis provides a survey of the purchasing power parity theory and concentrates on the relative version. It outlines main causes of possible deviations and modifications of the model. In the empirical part four transition economies are tested for the PPP theory: the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. The diploma thesis concludes with analysis of the role of the exchange rate under conditions of a small open economy. The overall analysis is implemented within the context of real and nominal convergence towards European Union and future accession to the European Monetary Union.
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4

Bukat, Michał Aleksander. "Purchasing Power Parity - Theory and Practice." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-206079.

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The thesis explains the theory of purchasing power parity and related concepts. It shows differences in prices and wages all around the globe and gives theoretical explanation of existing disparities. The goal is to find out how prices differ in reality, where costs of living are the highest or the lowest and what makes some products more or less expensive in different countries. In order to answer the questions the thesis deals with, the variety of sources was used, starting from economics textbooks, academic journals, literature reviews, the Economist website, a study of UBS 'Prices and Earnings', International Monetary Fund database and others.
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Carnovale, Christina. "Purchasing power parity and frequency domain filtering." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ65028.pdf.

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Machado, Flávio A. de Stéfani. "An econometric study on purchasing-power parity." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/8280.

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Neste trabalho abordamos alguns "puzzles" da Paridade do Poder de Compra (PPC) ainda não resolvidos; durante esse processo propomos um novo modelo não-linear e estudamos o papel da agregação temporal e de bases de dados abrangendo apenas um pequeno período histórico. A hipótese de que não existe uma força de convergência agindo sobre o câmbio real ajustado (ARER) foi fortemente rejeitada estatisticamente, e a não-linearidade se mostrou um questão importante. As meia-vidas encontradas para o Brasil usando os modelos padrão parecem ser uma das menores já encontradas para um país, e chegamos à conclusão de que a velocidade de convergência em direção a PPC ainda não pode ser considerada um consenso. Pretendemos, em adição, dar contribuições através do levantamento e esclarecimento de alguns resultados e problemas potenciais concernentes ao estudo da PPC.
In this work we address some unresolved purchasing-power parity (PPP) puzzles; during the process we propose a new nonlinear model and check the role of temporal aggregation and of datasets covering only a small period of time. The hypothesis that there is no convergence force acting on ARER has been strongly statistically rejected and the nonlinearity showed itself as an important issue. The half-lives found for Brazil using standard models seem to be one of the smallest ever found for a country. However, we concluded that the speed of converge towards PPP is not a consensus yet. Besides, we expect to give contributions to PPP literature by pointing out important results and potential pitfalls on PPP research.
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Nuasir, Salah Ahmad. "Does purchasing power parity hold in developing countries? an application to the Asian countries /." access full-text online access from Digital dissertation consortium online access from ProQuest databases, 2001. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/pqdiss.pl?3037125.

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Beirne, John. "International exchange rate dynamics and purchasing power parity." Thesis, Brunel University, 2010. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/4246.

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This thesis provides evidence in favour of the long-run validity of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) using primarily a linear error correction framework. Through an examination of PPP where proportionality and symmetry are implicitly imposed, it is shown that a selection of twelve EU real exchange rates is stationary on a univariate basis. The contribution here is based on the reconciliation of unit root test outcomes across univariate and panel tests. Following this analysis, the Johansen cointegration procedure is employed to examine whether long-run equilibrium relationships can be identified in systems of real exchange rates. The implications of results found are set out in terms of regional exchange rate policy co-ordination, exchange rate regime appropriateness, and monetary integration. By focussing on interdependent regions that were affected by a major financial shock (Europe: EMS crisis; Latin America: Mexican crisis; South East Asia: 1997 crisis), the real exchange rate dynamics are compared in pre- and post-crisis scenarios.This thesis also presents evidence in favour of PPP by examining the less restrictive scenario where neither proportionality nor symmetry is imposed. Given the fact that most developed economies have highly integrated goods and capital markets and liberalised capital accounts, the failure to find evidence for PPP in previous studies may be due to the exclusion of factors that might reflect the behaviour of capital markets and their influence on the exchange rate. To test this, the traditional nominal exchange rate and domestic/foreign price based system is augmented with an interest rate component. In a tripolar specification, the joint test of PPP and Uncovered Interest Parity (UIP) is found to hold in a system comprising Germany, Denmark and the UK, suggesting well-integrated goods and capital markets and the long-run convergence evident suggests that Denmark and the UK might be suitable for membership of the euro area. This convergence appears to be stronger when short-term interest rates are used as opposed to long-term rates (perhaps since they are not subject to distortions such as taxation and maturity levels). Furthermore, long-rates have been associated recently with an inversion of the yield curve, while evidence to support the yield curve in non-crisis times is mixed. Finally, multivariate and panel cointegration procedures are employed to provide evidence for the suitability of potential future euro area entrants from Central and Eastern Europe in tri-variate systems comprising the euro nominal exchange rate and two price series.
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9

Baralexis, Spyridon K. "Impact of general purchasing power accounting on Greek accounts." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2604.

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This Study addressed the inflation accounting problem with respect to Greece. This problem had been unaddressed despite the serious implications it may have on micro- and macro-decision making due to the high and persistent inflation Greece has sustained from 1973 and afterwards. To accomplish the above purpose, the general significance of inflation accounting as well as its specific significance for Greece was established by means of the existing inflation accounting literature and the economic setting of Greece. Following this, the relevance of GPPA rather than CCA to the Greek financial reporting was established by means of correspondence between specific features of GPPA and specific characteristics of the Greek setting. After having established the a priori relevance of GPPA for Greece, the potential usefulness of GPPA to the Greek users of accounts was established as well on an empirical basis. For this purpose the impact of GPPA on Greek accounts was approximated ex ante through detailed restatement procedures and estimation techniques. It was found that inflation has a serious impact on earnings and especially on such important (for decision making) financial parameters as tax rate, dividend payout ratio, and return on capital employed. This impact of inflation on earnings does not seem to be systematic, and hence it cannot be estimated by use of HCA numbers. Therefore, GPPA should be adopted at least on a supplementary (to HCA) basis, if in the future the increase in the inflation rate continues to be as high as it was in the period examined by the study (i.e. 25% or so). In additon to the main conclusion above, other conclusions drawn on the basis of the empirical findings obtained are as follows: 1. The Composite Age Technique used (mainly in the USA) for the restatement of fixed assets and depreciation does not work at all in the Greek case. In contrast, the Dichotomus Year Technique in the first place, and the Equal Additions Technique, in the second place, may be used for adjusting fixed assets not only in developing countries like Greece, but, perhaps in developed countries as well. 2. Operation costs of GPPA can be saved by restating fixed assets and depreciation on an annual rather than monthly basis. 3. Perhaps the Greek government should consider the taxes imposed on corporate net profits in times of high inflation because it was found that the effective tax rate is substantially different from the nominal one. 4. There are serious implications for the Greek businesses in the finding that in real term dividends are paid out of capital rather than out of income. 5. The profitability of Greek companies is low when measured in real terms. Hence, businessmen should exercise every effort to improve it. On the other hand, the Greek government should consider the prices control imposed.
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10

Ballard, Billy L. (Billy Lanoy). "Corporate Tax Rates and the Purchasing Power Parity Doctrine." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500570/.

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This thesis analyzes the effect of corporate tax rates on the purchasing-power-parity (PPP) doctrine. The data used to test this hypothesis are drawn from the U. S., the U. K., the Federal Republic of Germany, Canada, and Japan. The first chapter introduces the reader to the concepts of the PPP doctrine and states the hypothesis. Chapter 2 reviews the literature on the PPP doctrine. Chapter 3 specifies a model of the PPP doctrine including tax rates. Chapter 4 reports and interprets the findings. The study is summarized and conclusions are drawn in chapter 5. In this study it is shown that tax rates are significant only in the case of the U. S. dollar/Canadian dollar exchange rate.
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Книги з теми "Purchasing power of population"

1

Alessandria, George. Violating purchasing power parity". Philadelphia, PA: Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, 2004.

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2

Taylor, Alan M. The purchasing power parity debate. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2004.

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3

Irving, Fisher. The purchasing power of money. London: Pickering & Chatto, 1997.

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4

Eisl, Holger. Photovoltaic cells: Converting government purchasing power into solar power. Flushing, N.Y: CBNS, 1993.

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5

Purchasing power: Your suppliers, your profits. London: Prentice Hall, 1997.

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6

Taylor, Alan M. A century of purchasing-power parity. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2000.

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7

National Association of Health Authorities and Trusts. NHS purchasing for a healthy population. Birmingham: NAHAT, 1993.

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8

Purchasing population health: Paying for results. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1997.

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9

Riley, Nancy E. Gender, power, and population change. Washington, D.C: Population Reference Bureau, 1997.

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10

Cuthbert, J. R. On aggregation methods of purchasing power parities. Paris: O.E.C.D., 1988.

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Частини книг з теми "Purchasing power of population"

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von Weizsäcker, Carl Christian, and Hagen M. Krämer. "Wealth and Desired Wealth." In Saving and Investment in the Twenty-First Century, 43–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75031-2_3.

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AbstractWith increasing general prosperity, desired wealth increases faster than current consumption. There is thus a secular tendency for the “waiting period” Z to grow. This is already the case for demographic reasons that hold for the global population as a whole. The proportion of the global population living in absolute poverty is rapidly declining. A monetary system offering stable purchasing power represents an important contribution of society to facilitating adequate private provision for the future. The “savings triangle” is a highly simplified, but neat representation of these interrelationships. It offers a good approximation of the facts.
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Dornbusch, Rudiger. "Purchasing Power Parity." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–16. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_1834-1.

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Sarno, Lucio. "Purchasing Power Parity." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–19. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_1834-2.

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Hill, Roderick. "Purchasing Power Parity." In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 5232–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_2334.

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Razafimahefa, Ivohasina Fizara, and Shigeyuki Hamori. "Purchasing Power Parity." In Advanced Studies in Theoretical and Applied Econometrics, 135–60. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-68921-4_10.

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Sarno, Lucio. "Purchasing Power Parity." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 11031–50. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_1834.

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Moosa, Imad A., and Razzaque H. Bhatti. "The Purchasing Power Parity Hypothesis." In International Parity Conditions, 25–52. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25523-8_2.

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Gerhards, Tilmann. "Purchasing Power Parity and Cointegration." In Operations Research ’92, 464–68. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-12629-5_129.

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Pazirandeh, Ala. "Purchasing power and purchasing strategies — Insight from the humanitarian sector." In Supply Management Research, 91–114. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15280-2_5.

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Officer, Lawrence H. "Purchasing Power Parity in Economic History." In Handbook of Exchange Rates, 159–87. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118445785.ch6.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Purchasing power of population"

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Gutium, Mircea. "Evolution of Consumption Expenditures of Population of the Republic of Moldova." In International Conference Innovative Business Management & Global Entrepreneurship. LUMEN Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/ibmage2020/23.

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Consumption expenditures is one of the key indicators that reflects the purchasing power of the population. Purchasing power in turn shows the level of social welfare. The population with a stable evolution of consumer spending is at least able to maintain its level of consumption with inflation. In addition, if consumer spending rises in proportion to the level of inflation, there is an increase in welfare and living standards. High level of consumption has positive influence on business. greater aggregate demand will generate more profits, boost company development, and foster job creation. In this study, the affirmation was verified that the consumer price index is one of the factors that influence the standard of living, but not primarily. The following scientific methods were used to approve or reject the statement: scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis, graphical and tabular method, comparative analysis method, correlation and regression analysis. In this study there was made comparison of consumption evolution and its structure in the Republic of Moldova and in the European Union to identify the difference in welfare. The linear regression model between the consumer price index and growth rate of household expenditures was elaborated.
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2

Naumov, I. V., and V. M. Sedelnikov. "Influence of the level of the population purchasing power onto development of the public food market in Russia." In VIII Information school of a young scientist. Central Scientific Library of the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32460/ishmu-2020-8-0027.

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The article discusses the current state of the public food market in Russia, in particular, the turnover of the public food market and the number of facilities in it. The main factors are analyzed that influence onto the turnover of the public food market Those are the average per capita cash incomes of the population, consumer price indices, and the average consumer spending per capita. The authors performed the correlation and regression analysis of influence of various factors onto the level of public food market turnover in the Sverdlovsk Region. Based on the analysis, the linear and non-linear models were constructed. The corresponding forecast was made a forecast for the period 2020–2022. The main trends are identified in the public food market in Russia.
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3

Sika, Peter. "POTENTIAL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SILVER ECONOMY UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC." In 4th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2020 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2020.81.

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The economic behaviour, needs and preferences of people vary in the individual phases of their lives. The silver economy market is made up of consumers, employees or employers aged 50+. The share of this population is an important target group for entrepreneurs, brings a wide range of new products and services to businesses and has a significant role for the national economy as there is a change in the understanding of the ageing process from a threat towards economic opportunities. Although the ageing workforce and seniors in the Slovak Republic do not represent a strong demand for market goods yet, their economic potential may not be negligible. The rapid ageing of the Slovak population represents, among other things, an economic potential that can be exploited in favour of innovation and improvement. Despite not a high level of pensions, seniors have considerable purchasing power, which will generate an increasing demand for specific goods and services, which is an opportunity for the labour market. In this paper we try to describe selected areas in which the silver economy and the ageing population itself should be viewed as a challenge to new business opportunities. In particular, these include health service and health care, spa care, the pharmaceutical industry, tourism, the financial sector and, last but not least, construction industry. The silver economy will change the rules of market forces in existing sectors and create a wholly new industry at the intersection of demographic and technological changes with a high export potential.
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4

Rivza, Baiba, and Uldis Plumite. "LATVIAN THEME PARK DEVELOPMENT IN KURZEME AND VIDZEME." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b2/v3/36.

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The economy of Latvia is experiencing rapid development in the European Union and is an active participant of the United Nations and North Atlantic Treaty Organization. In recent years there have been several changes in both sectors and national economic policy. The total population in Latvia was estimated at 1.9 million inhabitants in 2019 and a total GDP per capita was 63% of the EU average, the lowest GDP per capita in purchasing power parity was recorded in Bulgaria - 46% of the EU average, Romania - 60% and Croatia - 62%. Lithuanian and Estonian GDP per capita in 2019 was accounted for 74% of the EU average. Latvia has more than 12 theme parks, but the amusement offer is small. Most of the theme parks are mostly located in Kurzeme and Vidzeme. Attraction Parks historically evolved near the big cities, where the infrastructure is highly developed. The aim is to increase the influx of tourists in regions where tourism products are amusement parks, thus developing more local businesses and the city's environment, increasing the demand for an active economic environment, but regional laws often hinder this development.
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5

Long, Minhua, and W. Ross Morrow. "Should Optimal Designers Worry About Consideration?" In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34493.

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Consideration set formation using non-compensatory screening rules is a vital component of real purchasing decisions with decades of experimental validation. Marketers have recently developed statistical methods that can estimate quantitative choice models that include consideration set formation via non-compensatory screening rules. But is capturing consideration within models of choice important for design? This paper reports on a simulation study of a vehicle portfolio design when households screen over vehicle body style built to explore the importance of capturing consideration rules for optimal designers. We generate synthetic market share data, fit a variety of discrete choice models to this data, and then optimize design decisions using the estimated models. Model predictive power, design “error”, and profitability relative to ideal profits are compared as the amount of market data available increases. We find that even when estimated compensatory models provide relatively good predictive accuracy, they can lead to sub-optimal design decisions when the population uses consideration behavior; convergence of compensatory models to non-compensatory behavior is likely to require unrealistic amounts of data; and modeling heterogeneity in non-compensatory screening is more valuable than heterogeneity in compensatory trade-offs. This supports the claim that designers should carefully identify consideration behaviors before optimizing product portfolios. We also find that higher model predictive power does not necessarily imply better design decisions; that is, different model forms can provide “descriptive” rather than “predictive” information that is useful for design.
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6

"Retail space and purchasing power parities." In 11th European Real Estate Society Conference: ERES Conference 2004. ERES, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2004_565.

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7

Prasojo, J. R., P. S. JosephNg, K. Y. Phan, and J. T. Lim. "JomAR: Reality Purchasing Experiences." In 2021 IEEE 4th International Conference on Computing, Power and Communication Technologies (GUCON). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gucon50781.2021.9573999.

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8

Olaniran, Saidat Fehintola, and Mohd Tahir Ismail. "Purchasing power parity: The West African experience." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY 2020 (MATHTECH 2020): Sustainable Development of Mathematics & Mathematics in Sustainability Revolution. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0075379.

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9

Güreşçi Pehlivan, Gülçin, Esra Ballı, and Muammer Tekeoğlu. "Purchasing Power Parity in Commonwealth of Independent States." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01011.

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The Purchasing Power Parity suggests that differences in relative prices in two countries move together with nominal exchange rates in the long run. This study examines the validity of PPP as transition economies for Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). Purchasing Power Parity holds only when the real exchange rate is stationary in the equation. To test the stationary, we used both time series and panel data analysis. Testing unit root both with time series and panel data in this study, provides us double check of the results. We also test the cross sectional dependence to choose the appropriate panel unit root test. Our test statistics indicate that there is cross section dependence between countries. Hence, one needs to take into consideration the cross section dependence while undertaking unit root tests. Otherwise, the results would be biased. ADF and KPPS indicate that PPP cannot be accepted for the countries except for Russia. According to the panel unit root test results indicate that PPP does not hold for Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan except for Russia.
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Gao, Ke, Chang-Bin Liu, and Yu-Meng Wu. "Evaluation on Housing Purchasing Power of Urban Households." In 2007 International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wicom.2007.1562.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Purchasing power of population"

1

Dornbusch, Rudiger. Purchasing Power Parity. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w1591.

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Lindert, Peter. Purchasing Power Disparity before 1914. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22896.

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3

Taylor, Alan, and Mark Taylor. The Purchasing Power Parity Debate. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10607.

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Taylor, Alan. A Century of Purchasing-Power Parity. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8012.

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Pinkovskiy, Maxim, and Xavier Sala-i-Martin. Shining a Light on Purchasing Power Parities. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24419.

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6

Chernov, Mikhail, and Drew Creal. Multihorizon Currency Returns and Purchasing Power Parity. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24563.

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Feenstra, Robert, and Jon Kendall. Passthrough of Exchange Rates and Purchasing Power Parity. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w4842.

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Bergin, Paul, Reuven Glick, and Jyh-Lin Wu. The Micro-Macro Disconnect of Purchasing Power Parity. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15624.

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Bronchetti, Erin, Garret Christensen, and Hilary Hoynes. Local Food Prices, SNAP Purchasing Power, and Child Health. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24762.

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10

Rowland, Peter, and Hugo Oliveros. Colombian purchasing power parity analysed using a framework of multivariate cointegration. Bogotá, Colombia: Banco de la República, June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.252.

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