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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 26 липня 2024
Оновлено: 28 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Program Effects Measurement Project"

1

Washburn, Lisa T., LaVona Traywick, Lauren Thornton, Jessica Vincent, and Tellisha Brown. "Using Ripple Effects Mapping to Evaluate a Community-Based Health Program: Perspectives of Program Implementers." Health Promotion Practice 21, no. 4 (October 26, 2018): 601–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524839918804506.

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Анотація:
Traditional evaluation tools are oftentimes ill-suited for use in community settings where intervention outcomes of interest may occur at multiple levels and are influenced by interacting factors. Ripple effects mapping (REM) is a participatory technique engaging stakeholders to visually map project/program efforts and results to collect impact data. Using appreciative inquiry, the method helps participants and evaluators understand context for changes resulting from program experiences and is particularly well suited for community-based, participatory programs where impacts often occur beyond the individual level. This article describes the REM method and how it was applied to explore impact and refine program theory of the Extension Wellness Ambassador Program (EWAP), a community-based health-focused master volunteer program, from the perspective of program implementers ( n = 10). Insights emerging from the REM session indicate EWAP promotes health behavior change, contributes to community development due to increased leadership capacity, and sustains and grows implementing organizations. The program theory shaping evaluation was refined to better capture impact beyond individual levels. Application of the REM method to a community health program demonstrates feasibility; health promotion practitioners should consider REM to understand program context and capture outcomes that typically evade measurement using traditional techniques.
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Kotnour, Tim, Kay Stanney, Rafael Landaeta, Laura Milham, Julie Drexler, and Denise Nicholson. "Developing Impact Assessment for Training Systems Research & Development: A Case Study of the Strategic Approach for the NEWIT System." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 53, no. 26 (October 2009): 1954–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120905302616.

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Impact assessment seeks to evaluate the effects of a new system realized on target beneficiaries and is an essential process via which to tangibly demonstrate the operational and economic benefits of a research and development (R&D) program. This paper contributes a framework –Program-management Understanding, Measurement, and Assessment (PUMA) - for developing an impact assessment approach for planning and evaluating R&D programs. The intent of the framework is to help an R&D organization provide traceability from the identification of program needs to selecting and conducting R&D to implementation to defining and measuring results. The framework is demonstrated using an Office of Naval Research project.
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3

Scowcroft, V., W. L. Freedman, B. F. Madore, A. Monson, S. E. Persson, M. Seibert, C. Burns, and J. R. Rigby. "The Carnegie Hubble Program: From parallaxes to the Tully–Fisher relation." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 8, S289 (August 2012): 274–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921312021540.

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AbstractThe Carnegie Hubble Program (CHP) is a Warm Spitzer program with the aim of reducing the uncertainty in the Hubble constant to below 3%. The program is calibrated using Galactic Cepheids with precise parallax distances from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), combined with a large sample of Cepheids in the Large Magellanic Cloud. We extend the Cepheid distance scale to the Local Group and beyond, into the regime probed by the Tully–Fisher relation. The entire program—from Galactic Cepheids to the most distant galaxies—uses the Spitzer/IRAC instrument. Completing the entire program with a single instrument on a single telescope virtually eliminates instrumental effects, whilst moving to the mid-infrared drastically reduces the reddening and metallicity effects that trouble the optical Cepheid distance scale. Our first measurement of the Hubble constant, using only two CHP galaxies tied into the HST Key Project results has produced a measurement of H0 = 74.3 ± 2.1 (systematic) km s−1 Mpc−1, which corresponds to a systematic uncertainty of 2.8%.
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4

Brausch-Böger, Maxi Eileen, and Manuel Förster. "The Effects of an Entrepreneurial Project on the Career-Choice Readiness, Metacognition, and Growth Mindset of Secondary Students." Education Sciences 14, no. 5 (May 2, 2024): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci14050485.

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The present study evaluated the effect of a four-day entrepreneurial project on the career-choice readiness of secondary school students. The hypotheses underlying this study state that participation in a school startup project increases the students’ career-choice readiness, growth mindset, and metacognition. Based on the literature, it is also assumed that a positive correlation exists between metacognition, growth mindset, and career-choice readiness. The present study examined a student entrepreneurship program by conducting a pre–post design. School classes developed and implemented business ideas with qualified coaches within the program based on a comprehensive didactic approach. Data from each group of participants were collected at two measurement time points. The results demonstrated that the values for all constructs increased in the post-test after participating in the entrepreneurial intervention. Furthermore, the findings indicate that a growth mindset is related to career-choice readiness and mediates the relationship between career-choice readiness and metacognition. Moreover, metacognition additionally favors a growth mindset. Based on the findings, entrepreneurial projects at schools are helpful for vocational orientation and should be extended by cooperating with external organizations and partners.
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Knežević, Jelena, Marina Milošević, and Bojan Lazić. "Project learning: From an idea to a learning model in the initial teaching of mathematics." Norma 26, no. 2 (2021): 225–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/norma2102225k.

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An adequate methodological approach in teaching mathematics in the classroom plays an important role in understanding mathematical concepts and achieving learning outcomes. This paper points out the characteristics, significance, and effects that can be achieved by applying project-oriented learning in teaching. This paper aims to point out the possibilities of applying the project model of work in the teaching of mathematics. Based on the results of previous research on this issue, as well as recommendations from the Program of teaching and learning for the first cycle of primary education, a model of project-based learning of content on measurement and measures is presented, which can serve to support teachers in organizing and affirming project-oriented teaching mathematics.
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Hatipoglu, Burcin, Bengi Ertuna, and Duygu Salman. "Corporate social responsibility in tourism as a tool for sustainable development." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 31, no. 6 (June 10, 2019): 2358–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-05-2018-0448.

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PurposeThis study aims to analyze corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs in tourism as a tool for sustainable development in the CSR program of a multinational enterprise in Turkey.Design/methodology/approachThis study includes qualitative research on a single company, content analysis of company-originated documents, participant observations, questionnaires for tourism project coordinators and follow-up interviews with company directors and project managers.FindingsThe paper identifies immediate context variables, program management, the complementary nature of interests and the diverse capabilities of the partners and an ongoing evaluation process as the determining factors for creating shared value for CSR programs in tourism.Research limitations/implicationsDespite the challenges of impact assessment and measurement of long-term effects, the study proposes a systematic framework for evaluating shared value creation generated by CSR activity.Practical implicationsThe evaluation methodology introduced in this research will be of use to CSR program developers in interpreting and reporting on the anticipated outcomes and impacts of their interventions in sustainable tourism development.Social implicationsA lack of outcome evaluation and impact assessment may affect accountability and, hence, the legitimacy of CSR programs. This study attempts to mitigate that limitation by introducing a novel methodology.Originality/valueThe value of CSR in tourism is a highly contested issue, despite its high potential for contributing to sustainable development. This longitudinal research goes beyond presenting immediate outputs of a CSR program in sustainable tourism; it discusses intermediate outcomes in the form of capitals, community well-being and shared value for society at large.
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7

Styan, Craig, Travis Elsdon, Michael Marnane, Michelle Carey, Ceri Morgan, Tony Rouphael, and Paul de Lestang. "Knowledge gained from marine environmental monitoring during dredging at Barrow Island." APPEA Journal 53, no. 2 (2013): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj12089.

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Monitoring required by regulators as part of environmental approvals in Australia has become increasingly complex and is sometimes viewed simply as the cost of developing projects, particularly in recent years. Monitoring programs, however, provide an important opportunity to learn about complex ecological systems and how they fare during large-scale disturbances, potentially with both project-specific and industry-wide benefits. During the Chevron-operated Gorgon Project’s major-capital dredging program, an unprecedented amount of information was collected about water quality and coral. Water quality was monitored continuously at 36 sites and the condition of nearly 1,600 individually labelled corals measured fortnightly during 18 months. While daily and fortnightly reports were provided for compliance purposes, a significant investment was also made by Chevron to a Predictive Links investigation, to re-analyse data to gain a better understanding between water quality and sedimentation with changes in coral condition. This additional investment resulted in a number of important research findings including revised water-quality thresholds for maintaining coral health that are based uniquely on field measurements during an actual dredging program. Subsequently, when environmental approvals were being sought for the nearby Wheatstone project, Chevron had a much better understanding of dredging and its potential effects on coral reefs in the region. The Wheatstone program now incorporates these data and ideas, and has allowed Chevron to have greater confidence in the dredging program being proposed, the likely impacts on coral assemblages, and how these should be managed and monitored.
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8

MacLeod, J. D., V. Taylor, and J. C. G. Laflamme. "Implanted Component Faults and Their Effects on Gas Turbine Engine Performance." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 114, no. 2 (April 1, 1992): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906567.

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Under the sponsorship of the Canadian Department of National Defence, the Engine Laboratory of the National Research Council of Canada (NRCC) has established a program for the evaluation of component deterioration on gas turbine engine performance. The effect is aimed at investigating the effects of typical in-service faults on the performance characteristics of each individual engine component. The objective of the program is the development of a generalized fault library, which will be used with fault identification techniques in the field, to reduce unscheduled maintenance. To evaluate the effects of implanted faults on the performance of a single spool engine, such as an Allison T56 turboprop engine, a series of faulted parts were installed. For this paper the following faults were analyzed: (a) first-stage turbine nozzle erosion damage; (b) first-stage turbine rotor blade untwist; (c) compressor seal wear; (d) first and second-stage compressor blade tip clearance increase. This paper describes the project objectives, the experimental installation, and the results of the fault implantation on engine performance. Discussed are performance variations on both engine and component characteristics. As the performance changes were significant, a rigorous measurement uncertainty analysis is included.
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9

Hero, Laura-Maija, Marianne Pitkäjärvi, and Kaija Matinheikki. "Discovering the effect metrics for innovation projects." Techne serien - Forskning i slöjdpedagogik och slöjdvetenskap 29, no. 1 (June 16, 2022): 13–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7577/technea.4603.

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Анотація:
Working life-integrated innovation projects have become a common part of education. An innovation project is a social phenomenon of learning that brings the competence of several individuals together in a social process through which a novel idea is turned into practical reality to convey value to its users. University–industry innovation collaboration research has mainly understood the role of the university as a partner responsible for research. However, these projects are often based on student teamwork, an open challenge from real working life and a predefined intention to produce a concrete, novel, and innovative product, service, or new operating model into use. The outcomes are meant to be taken into use to convey value for business and society. A paucity of empirical research exists on the development and assessment of these innovation education programs based on their effects on the surrounding society. The variables that are important in studying the effects of innovation education projects on surrounding society, participating companies, and organisations must be identified. In this study, a set of effect measurement scale variables were discovered through a document analysis and focus group interviews. The findings imply the importance of recognising the effects of the project both on the clients' and their organisations' goals (project output, benefits of participation, and what survives) and the wider impact of the projects on the surrounding society (impacts on the daily lives of citizens; well-being and health; economy, ecology, digitalisation; and social matters). Thus, a preliminary impact assessment model is suggested. Keywords: Innovation project, university-industry collaboration, impact, higher education, innovation pedagogy, document analysis, focus group
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10

McCrillis, Robert C., and Paul G. Burnet. "Effects of Burnrate, Wood Species, Altitude, and Stove Type on Woodstove Emissions." Toxicology and Industrial Health 6, no. 5 (October 1990): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823379000600507.

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During the winter of 1986—87, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) conducted an emission measurement program in Boise, ID, as part of the Integrated Air Cancer Project (IACP). This program was designed to identify the potential mutagenic impact of residential wood burning on ambient and indoor air. One facet of this field sampling effort involved obtaining emission samples from chimneys serving wood burning appliances in Boise. As a companion to the field source sampling, a parallel project was undertaken in an instrumented woodstove test laboratory to quantify woodstove emissions during operations typical of Boise usage. Two woodstoves were operated in a test laboratory over a range of burnrates, burning either eastern oak or white pine from the Boise, ID, area. A conventional stove, manufactured in the Boise area, was tested at altitudes of 90 and 825 m. A catalytic stove was tested only at the high altitude facility. All emission tests were started with kindling a fire in a cold stove using black and white newsprint. Emissions were collected using the wood stove dilution sampling system (WSDSS) for a continuous period of about 8 hours, encompassing start-up and several wood additions. The results showed wide variability probably due primarily to the difficulty in duplicating conditions during start-up. Total WSDSS emissions showed the expected inverse correlations with burnrate for the conventional stove and nearly flat for the catalytic stove. While there appeared to be little or no correlation of total WSDSS emissions with altitude, the sum of the 16 poly-nuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) quantified showed an inverse correlation with altitude: higher PAH emissions at the lower altitude.
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Дисертації з теми "Program Effects Measurement Project"

1

Gebhardt, Lynne A. "The effects of positive reinforcement within a computer-assisted instruction program on student achievement and attitude." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1986. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/170.

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Wing, Bryan Anderson. "The effects of education on the birth rates of "workfare" program participants: Implications for future welfare reform." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1495.

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3

Palmer, Sarah Morgando, and Tracy Lee Inman. "Perceived effects of a substance abuse prevention science program among fourth and fifth grade children: A qualitative study." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2418.

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This project explores the perceptions of fourth and fifth grade students who participated in a substance abuse prevention program. Risk and protective factors are presented to assist the reader in understanding this project.
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4

Bidaki, Laila June. "The effects of electronic performance monitoring on performance." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2588.

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Lienesch, Jane M. "Corning Corporation back injury prevention project: the effects of an exercise program on self-reported back discomfort." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06112009-064013/.

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6

Guthrey, Delparde Raleigh. "Time series analysis of ozone data." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1788.

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7

Jacob, Deborah Wester. "The Effects of an Interdisciplinary Program upon Students' Achievement, Attendance, and Attitude." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278539/.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Project SAIL, a program designed to increase student achievement through interdisciplinary learning, upon the achievement, attendance, and attitude toward school of the ninth grade students who participated in it. The study also identified its benefits and liabilities from the perspective of teachers and students.
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8

Cole, Sarajane. "The effects of supervisor intervention on hypertensive employees' blood pressure in an industrial hypertension program." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43391.

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9

Duck, Kerry Douglas. "The Effects of Problem-Based Learning on Interest in Mathematics for Elementary Students across Time." TopSCHOLAR®, 2014. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1354.

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Анотація:
Elementary school is a transition time for student interests and motivation and there is a need for teachers to provide opportunities to facilitate continued interest. One area of concern is in the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines. One pedagogical approach that may help with facilitating interest is problem-based learning (PBL; Barrows, 1996). The purpose of this study was to assess changes in students’ reported levels of individual interest in mathematics across time and to assess differences in individual interest based on amount of PBL exposure. Participants included students (n = 45) involved with Project GEMS (Gifted Education in Mathematics and Science; Roberts, 2008), which was a federally funded grant through the Jacob K. Javits Gifted and Talented Students Education Program. Interest in mathematics was measured at the beginning of the first fall semester students entered the program and at the end of each subsequent spring semester with a 17-item interest measure consisting of four sub scores: emotion, value, knowledge, and engagement. Results indicate a negative linear trend for composite and sub factors of interest across time except value. The PBL intervention did not moderate the change in interest across time. Conclusions, possible limitations, and future directions are discussed.
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Mulva, Stephen Patrick. "ARIES - A Theoretical Framework for Evaluating Aspects of Enterprise Sustainability." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5046.

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Conventional thought dictates that what cannot be measured, cannot be improved. In a quest for improved operational and financial performance, many project-based enterprises have developed numerous methods to measure success. Unfortunately, many of these methods appear to be neither applicable beyond the project boundary nor able to promote effective and proactive decision-making. As a potential remedy, a theoretical framework was developed using principles of Enterprise Engineering to create a performance measurement system for project-based organizations. Known as ARIES (Agile Resource Information and Execution System), the framework builds upon existing project and program management knowledge in order to provide a quantitative methodology for evaluating aspects of enterprise sustainability. By incorporating specific measures, the framework is also able to create a graphical depiction of the enterprises operational performance. To validate the framework, retrospective data were obtained from a successful Architecture and Engineering (A/E) firm that designs and oversees commercial building projects. Analysis of the data provided a picture of the frameworks immediate and long-term benefits for project-based enterprises. From this picture managers can make improved decisions regarding existing and future work, thereby positively impacting the operational performance of the enterprise and enabling it to remain viable over a considerable period of time.
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Книги з теми "Program Effects Measurement Project"

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G, Lauenstein G., Cantillo Adriana Y, United States. National Ocean Service. Coastal Monitoring and Bioeffects Assessment Division., and National Status and Trends Program (U.S.), eds. Sampling and analytical methods of the National Status and Trends Program mussel watch project: 1993-1996 update. Silver Spring, Md: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Aministration, Coastal Monitoring and Bioeffects Assessment Division, Office of Ocean Resources Conservation and Assessment, National Ocean Service, 1998.

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2

Cantillo, Adriana Y. Quality Assurance Project: Intercomparison exercise results, 1991- 1993. Silver Spring, Md: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, 1995.

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3

Dorsey, Worthy L., and EMAP Research and Assessment Center (U.S.), eds. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program: Chesapeake Bay Watershed Pilot Project : project summary. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program Center, 1994.

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4

M, Finkel Joe, and Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory., eds. Standard measurement protocols, Florida Radon Research Program: Project summary. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, 1991.

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5

M, Finkel Joe, and Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory., eds. Supplement to Standard measurement protocols, Florida Radon Research Program: Project summary. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, 1994.

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6

Solar radiation resource assessment project: Program overview of fiscal year 1993. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1994.

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7

L, Hawthorn Laura R., ed. Program evaluation & performance measurement: An introduction to practice. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, 2006.

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8

Callahan, John. Software project management and measurement on the World-Wide-Web (WWW). [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1996.

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9

1941-, Rogers V. C., Holt Rodger B, and National Risk Management Research Laboratory (U.S.), eds. Lumped-parameter model analyses of data from the 1992 new house evaluation project -- Florida radon research program: Project summary. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 1995.

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10

1941-, Rogers V. C., Holt Rodger B, and National Risk Management Research Laboratory (U.S.), eds. Lumped-parameter model analyses of data from the 1992 new house evaluation project -- Florida radon research program: Project summary. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 1995.

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Частини книг з теми "Program Effects Measurement Project"

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Navarro Yáñez, Clemente J., Manuel Fernández-García, and Alicia Domínguez-González. "The Impact of the URBAN Initiative: On Residential Mobility and ‘Contextual Exposure’ to EU-Integrated Urban Development Strategies." In EU Integrated Urban Initiatives, 131–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20885-0_8.

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AbstractPrevious evaluations of integrated area-based initiatives have shown moderate effects on residents’ living conditions and, therefore, neighbourhood socioeconomic composition. This chapter sustains this could be explained by residential mobility in targeted neighbourhoods: according to the ‘neighbourhood revitalisation’ frame of policy analysed, impacts should be more evident among ‘stayers’ residents who have been exposed to the project implementation. This idea is studied by performing two analyses: all residents and only ‘stayers’ residents. Both apply a repeated measurement with control groups design to analyse the change in unemployment rates, educational attainment, and socioeconomic status in experimental and control neighbourhoods. The analysis controlling by contextual exposure, including only stayers residents, shows a better impact than the analysis including all residents. Therefore, in addition to contrafactual selection according to programme eligibility criteria, impact studies should consider residential mobility as a confounding factor regarding the impact of area-based policy actions on targeted territories providing policy evidence for the debate between urban revitalisation and state-led gentrification theses on area-based initiatives.
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2

Dahlby, Bev. "The Marginal Cost of Public Funds: Concept, Measurement, and Applications." In Policy, Program and Project Evaluation, 107–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48567-2_4.

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3

Belack, Carl. "Minimizing the Effects of Bias in Project and Program Decision-Making." In Cognitive Readiness in Project Teams, 61–85. New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. |.: Productivity Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429490057-4.

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4

Giesecke, A. A. "A Program for the Mitigation Of Earthquake Effects in the Andean Region (Project Sisra)." In Natural and Man-Made Hazards, 781–86. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1433-9_53.

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5

Roever, Carsten, Natsuko Shintani, Yan Zhu, and Rod Ellis. "Chapter 6. Proficiency effects on L2 pragmatics." In Language Learning & Language Teaching, 145–67. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lllt.58.06roe.

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Proficiency is a widely used concept in second language (L2) pragmatics where it is commonly viewed as lexico-grammatical knowledge, and can be measured by means of standardised or researcher-designed tests, or estimated on the basis of levels in a language program. It is a common grouping variable in research studies, allowing researchers to compare the pragmatic or interactional abilities of learners at different proficiency levels, and such studies have overwhelmingly found a strong contribution of proficiency to L2 pragmatics. However, this contribution varies depending on the area of pragmatics investigated, and the degree of overlap depends strongly on the measurement instruments for both proficiency and pragmatics. We illustrate this through a study on the effect of proficiency on implicit and explicit pragmatic knowledge.
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Schindler, Steffen, and Felix Bittmann. "Alternative Routes to Higher Education Eligibility: Inclusion, Diversion and Social Inequality on the Way to Higher Education." In Methodology of Educational Measurement and Assessment, 205–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27007-9_9.

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AbstractThis chapter summarizes key findings from the research project Alternative Routes to Higher Education Eligibility (ARtHEE). Based on data from the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS), we show that the expansion of alternative routes to higher education eligibility, which has followed from reforms in the 1960s, has been largely ineffective in reducing social inequality in access to higher education. We argue that this is due partly to unintended effects of this expansion of alternative pathways that resulted in diversion processes among students of disadvantaged social origin. These diversion effects channel such students into non-academic secondary school tracks and expose them to learning environments that differ from that of the academic school track. We provide empirical evidence suggesting that exposure to these learning environments affects students’ educational aspirations and cognitive development in a way that eventually lowers their chances of staying on a trajectory leading into higher education.
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7

Settersten, Richard A., Marlis Buchmann, Martin Kohli, René Levy, Anik de Ribaupierre, Katariina Salmela-Aro, and Elizabeth Thomson. "Overcoming Vulnerability in the Life Course—Reflections on a Research Program." In Withstanding Vulnerability throughout Adult Life, 425–38. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4567-0_26.

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AbstractThis chapter reflects on the twelve-year Swiss research program, “Overcoming vulnerability: Life course perspectives” (LIVES). The authors are longstanding members of its scientific advisory committee. They highlight the program’s major accomplishments, identify key ingredients of the program’s success as well as some of its challenges, and raise promising avenues for future scholarship. Their insights will be of particular interest to those who wish to launch similar large-scale collaborative enterprises. LIVES has been a landmark project in advancing the conceptualization, measurement, and analysis of vulnerability over the life course. The foundation it has provided will direct the next era of scholarship toward even greater specificity: in understanding the conditions under which vulnerability matters, for whom, when, and how. In a process-oriented life-course perspective, vulnerability is not viewed as a persistent or permanent condition but rather as a dormant condition of the social actor, activated in particular situations and contexts.
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8

Mutweleli, Samuel, Grace Mwathe, and Scolastica Mundi. "Scenario-Based Assessments: Experience from East Africa." In The Enabling Power of Assessment, 135–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-51490-6_9.

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AbstractHow to assess twenty-first century skills continues to challenge measurement experts in education. Scenario-based assessment, a strategy used in the Assessment of Lifeskills and Values in East Africa (ALiVE) project, offers some benefits for these performance-based skills. In this chapter, scenario-based assessment is defined and described together with a discussion of assumptions made in developing such assessments. The creation of tools for assessing three life skills and the value of respect is used to illustrate issues encountered in the process. The daily life activities of adolescents in home, school and community environments in East Africa provided the substance for stimulus scenarios to which adolescents responded in this large-scale assessment program of more than 45,000 adolescents. The technical processes undertaken by the test development team are described across stages of idea creation, think aloud, and dry run; culminating in a pilot in Kenya in order to generate data for reviewing scale development before the large-scale assessment. Through this process, lessons were learnt that may inform future use of scenario-based assessments in contexts similar to those in which ALiVE operated.
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9

Ju, Liehong, Jingxin Huang, and Junning Pan. "Field Observation and Experimental Study on the Interaction Between Ship Waves And Vertical Wave Dissipation Revetment." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 101–12. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6138-0_9.

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AbstractWith China’s economic development, many inland waterways adopt vertical revetment structure to save land resources, but this structure is not conducive to wave attenuation. According to the measurement results of the ship wave data of typical ship types in Sunan Canal sailing at different speeds collected in field observation, the maximum wave height in front of the vertical revetment wall was less than 1.0 m under normal navigation conditions, while the navigation administration boats can form a wave height of nearly 1.8 m in front of the vertical revetment wall at the maximum speed. In channels with heavy freight and fast ship speed, the ship waves formed by ships, superposed with the reflected waves by vertical impervious revetment, would result in severe water surface fluctuation, affecting the safety of ship navigation and the stability of revetment structure. Based on the regulation project of Sunan Canal, this paper put forward two types of vertical wave dissipation revetment, namely round-hole caisson structure and grid-type structure. And their wave dissipation effects are compared and optimized through 2-D wave test. Finally, the 3-D physical model tests of ship wave and revetment were carried out, and the effects of reducing ship wave height of round-hole caisson structure and grid structure are compared. The results show that these two vertical wave dissipation structures can reduce the maximum ship wave height in front of the revetment wall by about 20–25%. The relevant research results of this paper can serve as a reference for similar projects.
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10

Buchanan, Ruth, and Caitlin Murphy. "Measurement as Development." In The Oxford Handbook of International Law and Development, 753–70. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192867360.013.54.

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Abstract The proliferation of quantitative metrics has been an integral aspect of the project of development from the second half of the twentieth century, with profound effects on how development has both been envisioned and enacted. Measurement is a social process, with a variety of implications for how we conduct ourselves and how institutions govern populations in the world. Over the past several decades the mechanisms and metrics to measure and rank phenomena in the world have proliferated. This chapter examines in particular one global process of measurement and comparison and how it came to be arranged in this way: the Global Indicator Framework for the Sustainable Development Goals. To interrogate this process further, the chapter concludes with a brief case study of NASA’s ‘Worldview’ programme. This is read as illustrative of the complexities and contradictions of the current moment in which both measurement—often conducted via data points—and development are bigger and more entangled than ever.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Program Effects Measurement Project"

1

MacLeod, J. D., and B. Drbanski. "Turbine Rebuild Effects on Gas Turbine Performance." In ASME 1992 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/92-gt-023.

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The Engine Laboratory of the National Research Council of Canada (NRCC), with the assistance of Standard Aero Ltd., has established a program for the evaluation of component deterioration on gas turbine engine performance. As part of this project, a study of the effects of turbine rebuild tolerances on overall engine performance was undertaken. This study investigated the range of performance changes that might be expected for simply disassembling and reassembling the turbine module of a gas turbine engine, and how these changes would influence the results of the component fault implantation program. To evaluate the effects of rebuilding the turbine on the performance of a single spool engine, such as Allison T56 turboprop engine, a series of three rebuilds were carried out. This study was performed in a similar way to a previous NRCC study on the effects of compressor rebuilding. While the compressor rebuild study had found performance changes in the order of 1% on various engine parameters, the effects of rebuilding the turbine have proven to be even more significant. Based on the results of the turbine rebuild study, new methods to improve the assurance of the best possible tolerances during the rebuild process are currently being addressed. This paper describes the project objectives, the experimental installation, and the results of the performance evaluations. Discussed are performance variations due to turbine rebuilds on engine performance characteristics. As the performance changes were significant, a rigorous measurement uncertainty analysis is included.
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2

Marcollo, Hayden, Terry Griffiths, Richard Johnson, and Tony Abbs. "Development of a Full Scale Two Dimensional Pipeline Uplift Test Apparatus for Upheaval Buckling (UHB) Model Testing on the Tangguh LNG Project." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-49152.

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This paper summarises the development of a full scale test apparatus used to facilitate Upheaval Buckling (UHB) testing for the Tangguh LNG Project. Model testing was performed to investigate the statistical variance of the planar uplift resistance provided by a specified variety of layered cover materials to a 24″ full scale circular cross section pipe. To effectively model uplift resistance in a two dimensional manner, a model with a discrete length and known end effects was required. To quantify end effects created by using a discrete length of pipe, a mitigation technique was developed to isolate the measurement uplift resistance from any out of plane loads on the pipe. Additionally, the effect of uplift speed was investigated during the testing program to ensure that the tests were quasi-static in nature.
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3

MacLeod, J. D., V. Taylor, and J. C. G. Laflamme. "Implanted Component Faults and Their Effects on Gas Turbine Engine Performance." In ASME 1991 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/91-gt-041.

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Under the sponsorship of the Canadian Department of National Defence, the Engine Laboratory of the National Research Council of Canada (NRCC) has established a program for the evaluation of component deterioration on gas turbine engine performance. The effort is aimed at investigating the effects of typical in-service faults on the performance characteristics of each individual engine component. The objective of the program is the development of a generalized fault library which will be used with fault identification techniques in the field, to reduce unscheduled maintenance. To evaluate the effects of implanted faults on the performance of a single spool engine, such as an Allison T56 turboprop engine, a series of faulted parts were installed. For this paper the following faults were analyzed: a) 1st stage turbine nozzle erosion damage, b) 1st stage turbine rotor blade untwist, c) compressor seal wear, d) 1st and 2nd stage compressor blade tip clearance increase. This paper describes the project objectives, the experimental installation, and the results of the fault implantation on engine performance. Discussed are performance variations on both engine and component characteristics. As the performance changes were significant, a rigorous measurement uncertainty analysis is included.
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4

Rideout, Curtis A., and Scott J. Ritchie. "Assessment of Surface Treatment Effectiveness and Degradation by Direct Field Measurement." In ASME Turbo Expo 2007: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2007-27287.

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The ability to detect and quantify beneficial surface and subsurface residual stresses, and operational damage in aerospace materials/structures in a reliable and efficient manner presents significant challenges to existing nondestructive inspection technologies. Induced Positron Analysis (IPA) has demonstrated the ability to nondestructively quantify shot peening/surface treatments and relaxation effects in single crystal superalloys, steels, titanium and aluminum with a single measurement as part of a National Science Foundation SBIR program and in projects with commercial companies. IPA measurement of surface treatment effects provides a demonstrated ability to quantitatively measure initial treatment effectiveness along with the effect of operationally induced changes over the life of the treated component. Use of IPA to nondestructively quantify surface and subsurface residual stresses in turbine engine materials and components has the potential to significantly improve the understanding at the microscale level the effects of surface coatings and treatments on the durability and fatigue life of critical components.
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5

MacLeod, J. D., and B. Barry. "Combustor Rebuild Effects on Gas Turbine Performance." In ASME 1995 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/95-gt-160.

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The Institute for Aerospace Research of the National Research Council of Canada (NRCC), has established a program for the evaluation of component deterioration on gas turbine engine performance. The effort is aimed at investigating the effects of typical in-service faults on the performance characteristics of each individual engine component. As part of this project, a study of the effects of combustor rebuild tolerances on overall engine performance was undertaken. This study investigated the range of performance changes that might be expected for simply disassembling and reassembling the combustor module of a gas turbine engine, and how these changes would influence the results of any component modification testing. To evaluate the effects of rebuilding the combustor on the performance of a single spool engine, such as an Allison T56 turboprop engine, a series of three rebuilds was carried out. This study was performed in a similar way to two previous NRCC studies on the effects of compressor and turbine rebuilding. While the compressor and turbine rebuild studies found performance changes in the order of I% on various engine parameters, the effects of rebuilding the combustor have proven to be of similar magnitude. Based on the results of the combustor rebuild study, new methods to improve the assurance of the best possible tolerances during the rebuild process are currently being addressed. This paper describes the project objectives, the experimental installation, and the results of the performance evaluations. Discussed are performance variations due to combustor rebuilds on engine performance characteristics. As the performance changes were significant, a rigorous measurement uncertainty analysis is included.
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6

Leutwyler, Zachary, Manmohan Kalsi, Lisa Thidavanh, Laurie Luckhardt, and Thomas Cunningham. "Effective Diaphragm Area Test Program for Air Operated Valve Actuators." In ASME/NRC 2017 13th Pump and Valve Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvs2017-3537.

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GE contracted Kalsi Engineering, Inc. (KEI) to perform actuator testing to determine the effective diaphragm area for the Model 37/38 actuator line and to develop a bounding effective diaphragm area tolerance to account for measurement uncertainties and manufacturing tolerances. The GE sponsored test matrix includes Model 37/38 Sizes 9, 11, 13, 15, 18, and 24 actuators. The test matrix was primary defined to provide EDA data for actuators used in US nuclear power plants. The test matrix was primarily designed to facilitate the evaluation of the effects of stroke position, pressure, diaphragm materials, and measurement uncertainty. The test matrix also included with and without spring test configurations, two spring options for the same actuator size and model, and two diaphragm materials: Nitrile Elastomer and Silicone. The test program provides reliable data for AOV design basis evaluations as required by the NRC RIS 2000-03. This paper presents the results for the Masoneilan Model 38 Size 11 diaphragm actuator, which show that EDA is strongly position dependent and weakly pressure-dependent. As part of the project, a method for determining the required EDA tolerance to account for manufacturing variations was developed, which allows EDA determined by testing to be used across the product line. Paper published with permission.
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7

Waldner, Leon, Matthew Raum, and Bryan Coates. "3D Measurement of ESP Motor Skin Thermal Profile in Horizontal SAGD Well." In SPE Gulf Coast Section Electric Submersible Pumps Symposium. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204518-ms.

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Abstract A high-density 3D Electric Submersible Pump (ESP) motor skin thermal measurement project was carried out in an operating Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) well under varying ESP operating conditions. Utilizing high density Bragg grating fiber and a novel fiber optic interrogator technology a fiber optic measurement string was developed to allow for temperature measurement in 4 cm spacing and on 5 sides of an ESP motor. Utilizing this technology, a special ESP motor housing was developed, and a novel means of fiber optic string deployment engineered which allowed an instrumented ESP motor to be installed in an operating SAGD wellbore and a 3D high density thermal profile to be obtained under operating conditions. The ESP was installed in a SAGD well in a relatively horizontal orientation and utilized a bottom-inflow style pump intake. The ESP was operated in several loading and flow rate scenarios to observe the effects of operating in different conditions. The objective of the testing program was to measure the thermal profile around the circumference and length of the ESP motor both to understand potential temperature differentials across the ESP motor and what thermal transfer may be occurring to the surrounding production fluid passing the ESP motor. The information collected from this testing program is intended to further the understanding of how the thermal profile of the ESP motor correlates with wellbore temperature, ESP motor loading and motor temperature modeling predictions.
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8

Sassen, Kenneth. "Cirrus Cloud Remote Sensing Program at FARS." In Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/orsa.1995.wb1.

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High level cirrus clouds are believed to be important modulators of the radiation balance of the earth/atmosphere system, yet their effects on our potentially warming climate are poorly understood. Although satellites are well positioned to monitor global cloud cover, improvements in current multichannel radiance cloud algorithms to identify and categorize high level clouds are needed. In support of Project FIRE and a broader program of basic cloud research, passive and active remote sensing instrumentation at the University of Utah Facility for Atmospheric Remote Sensing (FARS) has been applied to the study of cirrus clouds since December 1986. At FARS we maintain a data collection schedule in support of NOAA satellite measurements to provide cloud-truth information, routinely using 0.1 Hz polarization (0.694 µm) lidar and coaligned narrow-beam infrared (9.5-11.5 µm) radiometer, various wideband radiometers, and all-sky photography. Derived data products are cloud top and base heights (and local sounding temperatures), cloud phase and composition information, and estimated visible cloud optical thickness and infrared emissivity. As of this time about 1600-hr of this sort of data have been collected at FARS, and more recent observation periods have also involved high-resolution, two-color (1.06 and 0.532 µm) polarization lidar and W-band (3.2 mm) polarimetric Doppler radar.
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9

MacLeod, J. D., and W. Grabe. "Comparison of Coriolis and Turbine Type Flow Meters for Fuel Measurement in Gas Turbine Testing." In ASME 1993 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/93-gt-070.

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The Machinery and Engine Technology (MET) Program of the National Research Council of Canada (NRCC) has established a program for the evaluation of sensors to measure gas turbine engine performance accurately. The precise measurement of fuel flow is an essential part of steady-state gas turbine performance assessment. Prompted by an international engine testing and information exchange program, and a mandate to improve all aspects of gas turbine performance evaluation, the MET Laboratory has critically examined two types of fuel flowmeters, Coriolis and turbine. The two flowmeter types are different in that the Coriolis flowmeter measures mass flow directly, while the turbine flowmeter measures volumetric flow, which must be converted to mass flow for conventional performance analysis. The direct measurement of mass flow, using a Coriolis flowmeter, has many advantages in field testing of gas turbines, because it reduces the risk of errors resulting from the conversion process. Turbine flowmeters, on the other hand, have been regarded as an industry standard because they are compact, rugged, reliable, and relatively inexpensive. This paper describes the project objectives, the experimental installation, and the results of the comparison of the Coriolis and turbine type flowmeters in steady-state performance testing. Discussed are variations between the two types of flowmeters due to fuel characteristics, fuel handling equipment, acoustic and vibration interference and installation effects. Also included in this paper are estimations of measurement uncertainties for both types of flowmeters. Results indicate that the agreement between Coriolis and turbine type flowmeters is good over the entire steady-state operating range of a typical gas turbine engine. In some cases the repeatability of the Coriolis flowmeter is better than the manufacturers specification. Even a significant variation in fuel density (10%), and viscosity (300%), did not appear to compromise the ability of the Coriolis flowmeter to match the performance of the turbine flowmeter.
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10

Roberts, Jon, Philip Chapman, and Sean Arrington. "Temperature Effects on Core Mechanics Testing – An Eagle Ford Case Study." In 57th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2023-0307.

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ABSTRACT It has long been recognized that an important step in acquiring mechanical properties from core is to take the measurements at reservoir conditions. However, the actual test often only replicates the effective downhole stresses, while ignoring the elevated temperature downhole. To quantify the effects of temperature in the Eagle Ford Formation, a core testing program was designed to take advantage of having a large volume of similar rock provided by the HFTS 1 phase III horizontal core. This program involved 46 samples taken from ∼2.4 m of horizontal core. This ∼2.4 m of horizontal core represents ∼0.3 m of vertical section inside the Lower Eagle Ford Member. Multiple tests were performed on the core including anisotropy parameters, static and dynamic triaxial testing, pore volume compressibility and tensile strength. Some of the notable results include that the majority of samples showed an increase in tensile strength with temperature, a decrease in shear velocity at temperature, and an increase in Biot coefficient with temperature. PROJECT INTRODUCTION The Zgabay A 14H is the monitoring well associated with the HFTS 1 Phase III refracturing study in the Eagle Ford trend. As part of this study, a horizontal core was taken with the primary objective of understanding hydraulic fracture intensity and behavior in the far field. Geomechanical core testing was one component of the core analysis program designed to help understand and model hydraulic fracture growth. Recent studies by industry and internal testing have shown there is a change in mechanical properties with temperature (Mitra, 2022) However, we had not investigated the effect of temperature on the Eagle Ford Formation. Therefore, with the relatively large volume of rock available in a similar facies provided when taking a horizontal core, we decided to use this unique opportunity to test the effect of temperature, in situ vs. ambient, on core testing results.
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Звіти організацій з теми "Program Effects Measurement Project"

1

Thompson and Lawson. L51667 Causes and Effects of the Spiking Phenomenon. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010141.

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During a prior research program, a spiking phenomenon was identified that prevented the measurement of the off potential directly from the pipe-to-soil potential waveform. Furthermore, the spike made it impossible to measure an off potential during current interruption for some period of time following interruption. In recent years, there has been discussion that the spike in the pipe-to-soil potential waveform affects the ability of the CP system to mitigate corrosion. In addition, the increased significance that has been placed on off-potential measurements within the industry has made it important to understand any phenomenon that may affect the ability to measure the off potential. This effort works to establish the cause and effects of the spiking phenomenon. To accomplish this program, a Work Plan was established that provided for the following four tasks: Task 1 - Field Measurements, Task 2 - Circuit Analog Model, Task 3 - Effect of the Spike on Off- Potential Measurements, and Task 4 - Laboratory Experiments. Through this combined effort of field evaluations, modeling, and laboratory experiments, the root cause of the spike was established along with guidelines for making the off-potential measurement. The results of this project provides the CP engineer with a standard practice for measuring off-potentials in the presence of the spiking phenomenon.
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2

Thompson and Lawson. L51693 Most Accurate Method for Measuring an Off-Potential. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), March 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010317.

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�During a prior Gas Research Institute (GRI) research program, a spiking phenomenon was identified that prevented the measurement of the off potential directly from the pipe-to-soil potential waveform. Furthermore, the spike made it impossible to measure an off potential during current interruption for some period of time following interruption. In recent years, there has been discussion that the spike in the pipe-to-soil potential waveform affects the ability of the CP system to mitigate corrosion. In addition, the increased significance that has been placed on off-potential measurements within the industry has made it important to understand any phenomenon that may affect the ability to measure the off potential. Because of the above concerns, the Corrosion Supervisory Committee of the Pipeline Research Committee authorized this two-year program to establish the cause and effects of the spiking phenomenon. To accomplish this program, a Work Plan was established that provided for the following four tasks: Task 1 - Field Measurements, Task 2 - Circuit Analog Model, Task 3 - Effect of the Spike on Off- Potential Measurements, and Task 4 - Laboratory Experiments. Through this combined effort of field evaluations, modeling, and laboratory experiments, the root cause of the spike was established along with guidelines for making the off-potential measurement. The results of this project provides the CP engineer with a standard practice for measuring off-potentials in the presence of the spiking phenomenon.
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3

Sommer, Stefan. Potential effects of the exclusion of bottom fishing in the marine protected areas (MPAs) of the western Baltic Sea – third year observations Cruise No. AL570 22.03. – 11.04.2022, Kiel (Germany) – Kiel (Germany) MGF-OSTSEE-2022. GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Germany, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/cr_al570.

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The expedition AL570 with the RV Alkor was carried out within the framework of the interdisciplinary DAM MGF-OSTSEE Project “Potential effects of closure for bottom fishing in the marine protected areas (MPAs) of the western Baltic Sea – baseline observations” funded by the Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). Within MGF-OSTSEE a consortium of scientists from various institutions investigates how benthic ecosystems in Natura 2000 areas within the German exclusive economic zone develop after the exclusion of bottom trawling. Major goals of the project are i. the initial assessment of the environmental state and its variability in- and outside the three Natura 2000 areas Fehmarnbelt, Oder- and Rönnebank under the ongoing pressure of bottom trawling and ii. the general assessment of the effect of bottom trawling on benthic communities and benthic biogeochemical functioning as well as their development after fishery exclusion. The cruise AL570 concludes a series of three previous expeditions EMB238 (2020) and EMB267/268 (2021) and aimed to survey all components of the benthic food web including prokaryotes, protozoans, meiofauna and macrofauna, as well as sediment properties and biogeochemical processes in selected working areas in- and outside of the MPA. The working program comprised 156 station activities of various gears for biological and biogeochemical sampling of sediments. Solute exchange between the sediment and the water column was investigated using Landers and a novel underwater vehicle the Deep-Sea Rover (DSR) Panta Rhei. Investigations in the water column, seafloor observation and deployments of a dredge supplemented the station work. Due to stormy weather in situ solute fluxe measurements were not performed at the Rönnebank. (Alkor-Berichte ; AL570)
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4

Johnson, Fiore, and Ramirez. L52228 Mechanical Properties of 5LX-80 Pipeline Girth Welds. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), October 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011004.

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The primary objectives of this program were to establish baseline weld metal mechanical property measurements for welding X-80 pipelines and tie-ins using commercially available cellulosic SMAW, basic SMAW, FCAW-S, and mechanized GMAW consumables. Additional objectives addressed in this project include: - Examination of the effect of welding position on toughness in welds produced using manual and semi-automatic processes. - Evaluation of the effect of repairing FCAW-S weldments with non-FCAW-S consumables and to provide repair recommendations. - Evaluation of the reported variations in weld metal toughness produced using several heats of GMAW consumables and standard internal/external narrow-groove GMAW procedures.
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5

Unknown, Author. L51658 Subsea Pig Recovery Concepts. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), October 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010603.

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The technology and procedures for the inspection of pipelines from offshore production and process facilities to shore or other offshore installations has developed rapidly in recent years. This rapid development can be attributed to several factors including pipeline operators protecting their investment in their lines, heightened environmental protection concerns, and increasing regulatory requirements. A limited number of the offshore pipeline systems in the U.S. currently include the ability to inspect the trunkline using either an ultrasonic or magnetic particle inspection pig. This pig is moved through the pipeline with the product flow from the trunkline's point of origin offshore to an onshore or nearshore facility. As the pig moves through the line, it takes and stores measurement readings which can be downloaded and interpreted after the pig is removed from the line. While inspection pig technology can provide the pipeline operator with valuable information, several factors can prohibit development of a successful trunkline inspection pigging program. Because inspection pigs have onboard data measurement and storage facilities, they are significantly longer and heavier than foam or scraper pigs, and must be articulated to negotiate pipe bends. The minimum negotiable bend radius varies among inspection pig vendors, but is typically between 3 - 5 pipe diameters. The drive cups on an articulated pig are located in the front to prevent buckling. The cups must maintain a close fit with the inside pipe diameter to propel the pig through the pipeline and can stall or jam in a multi-diameter pipeline. The scope of the project includes the development of several basic concepts which, in principle, meet the project objectives. These concepts have been evaluated from several technical viewpoints and two primary concepts selected for further development. A preliminary design effort, carried out on both primary concepts, includes: Structure stress calculations; Detailed layouts of major assemblies and components Step by step installation, operation, and maintenance procedures; Detailed capital and operating cost development. A basic scenario of a 12"� ANSI 900# rated system in 400 ft. water depth is used for both concepts. A sensitivity analysis for the effects of greater and lesser water depths (800 ft. and 100 ft.) and a change in pipe size to 8"� nominal is also included.
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6

O'TOOLE, S. M. River Protection Project waste feed delivery program technical performance measurement assessment plan. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/798010.

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Heckman, James, Bei Liu, Mai Lu, and Jin Zhou. Treatment Effects and the Measurement of Skills in a Prototypical Home Visiting Program. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27356.

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8

Hopper. L30500 Analysis of the Effects of High-Voltage Direct-Current Transmission Systems on Buried Pipelines. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010196.

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The economics of high voltage direct current for long-distance transmission of electrical energy have been reported as very attractive, to the extent that several projects are in the making. Several reasons other than the savings in transmission costs, for example the exchange of peak power between time zones and seasonal zones, would permit utilities to save on plant investment for generating capacity while maintaining a high level of service. This report summarizes work on the initial phase of a study to determine the effects of high-voltage direct-current (H.V.D.C.) electric transmission lines on buried pipeline systems. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. initiated this work in response to an anticipated threat posed by the Pacific Northwest-Southwest Intertie H.V.D.C. system now being designed (and other possible H.V.D.C. lines in the future) because of the announced plans to pass direct current through the earth. The objectives of the overall program are:(1) To determine the nature and magnitude of problems that will be created by the earth current from H.V.D.C. systems, and(2) To devise means of protecting pipelines from the effects of such currents. A computer program was written based on a mathematical model of a buried pipeline in the environment created by an H.V.D.C. system. Excellent agreement was obtained between computed soil potential gradients and measurements obtained during a field test of H.V.D.C. in Oregon. Reasonably good agreement was also obtained between measured pipe-to-soil potentials on the Pacific Lighting Gas Supply Company pipeline near Camino, California, and computed values during a field test of H.V.D.C. power transmission.
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Noguchi, R. Environmental effects on composite airframes: A study conducted for the ARM UAV Program (Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Unmanned Aerospace Vehicle). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10166660.

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Nealey, S. M. Assessing social and economic effects of perceived risk: Workshop summary: Draft: BWIP Repository Project. [Basalt Waste Isolation Program]. Edited by E. B. Liebow. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7103681.

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