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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Predation"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 29 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Predation"

Sumah, Astrid Sri Wahyuni. "FUNCTIONAL RESPONSE OF PREDATOR Paederus sp. (COLEOPTERA: STAPHYLINIDAE)." Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR) 4, no. 1 (April 18, 2023): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30997/ijar.v4i1.257.

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Research on predatory predation of Paederus sp. (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) was carried out to study the functional response of the predator Paederus sp. Functional response is a form and size predictor of consumer impact on resource populations, determining the effectiveness of a predator as an agent in biological control. Predation time in hungry and not-hungry conditions influences predator-prey interactions, which are essential in functional response. The method used in predating Paederus sp. on the prey of aphids was Aphid spp. They are using four levels of prey density with two different predator treatments. The results show the functional response model of Paederus sp. predators. against the prey of Aphid spp. Described in a type II model. The level of predation of Paederus sp. showed different results for the two treatments and an increasing cystoid curve at a rising rate. The level of predation is still increasing, along with the increase in host density, and can be a starting point for controlling the Aphid spp and using predators Paederus sp. in the field.

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Battisti, Corrado, Marisa Perchinelli, Luca Luiselli, Daniele Dendi, and Sharon Vanadia. "Cages Mitigate Predation on Eggs of Threatened Shorebirds: A Manipulative-Control Study." Conservation 2, no. 3 (July 16, 2022): 450–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/conservation2030030.

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Beach-nesting birds (plovers; Aves; Charadridae) are impacted by many natural and human-induced threats (e.g., people trampling, dogs, and natural predators). In this regard, the use of anti-predator cages on their nests is effective in order to mitigate some of these pressures (i.e., predation). To evaluate the efficacy of anti-predator cages and the causes of nest failure in a breeding site of two species (Charadrius alexandrinus and C. dubius), we carried out a control-experimental design, comparing false nests (n = 69) in cages (experiment; n = 30) with false nests without cages (control; n = 39). We carried out the study in three seasonal periods (May, June, and July), controlling predations after three periods (three, six, and nine days) since positioning, recording the frequency of eggs still present and evidencing any predation event. The percentage of residual eggs was significantly higher in experimental nests when compared to control nests in all recording periods. Considering 59 predation events on false nests, the most important predators were: in experimental nests (n = 21) the fox, Vulpes vulpes (47.6%), and in control nests (n = 38), the hooded crow, Corvus cornix (50%). Our data suggest that the use of anti-predator cages significantly limits predation on eggs and therefore is likely to increase the hatching success in these ground-nesting birds independently in the seasonal period. However, also in the presence of a cage, the fox is a relevant egg predator.

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Engeman, Richard M., R. Erik Martin, Henry T. Smith, John Woolard, Carrie K. Crady, Stephanie A. Shwiff, Bernice Constantin, Margo Stahl, and John Griner. "Dramatic reduction in predation on marine turtle nests through improved predator monitoring and management." Oryx 39, no. 3 (July 2005): 318–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605305000876.

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We describe improvements to monitoring/indexing methodology for predators of marine turtle nests on the east coast of Florida, and the resulting marine turtle conservation implications from integrating the methodology into predator management. A strip transect from dune line to the shore improved an already successful design for monitoring raccoons, and was also sensitive for armadillos. The data were integrated into predator management operations to effectively and efficiently remove the species responsible for turtle nest predation. Tracking plot data also served to validate predator patterns of behavior relative to turtle nesting and improve prospects for preventive predator management strategies. Perhaps the most important finding is that predation at a beach historically suffering nearly complete losses (95%) of marine turtle nests had nest predation reduced to nominal levels (9.4%). For 2002 this predation level represents an estimated 69,000 additional hatchling turtles produced over historical predation rates, and 16,700 additional hatchlings over the previous lowest predation rate.

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Hodges, Karen E. "Differential predation by coyotes on snowshoe hares." Canadian Journal of Zoology 79, no. 10 (October 1, 2001): 1878–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z01-153.

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Differential predation on particular sex or age classes of a population can arise as a result of predator preferences or prey attributes. I examined the impacts of age, size, and body mass of snowshoe hares, Lepus americanus, on their susceptibility to predation by coyotes, Canis latrans. I observed coyote predation on naïve radio-collared hares during a fortuitous natural experiment: a coyote entered a predator exclosure fence in which hares of all ages had no previous experience with terrestrial predators, thus separating age from experience with this predator. I contrasted this manipulation with populations in which hares grew up in the presence of coyotes. Prey naiveté per se did not influence coyote predation, but older hares appeared to be more susceptible to coyote predation than younger ones. There were no obvious effects of body mass or size on coyote predation during the winter.

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Albecker, Molly, and Heather D. Vance-Chalcraft. "Mismatched anti-predator behavioral responses in predator-naïve larval anurans." PeerJ 3 (December 7, 2015): e1472. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1472.

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Organisms are adept at altering behaviors to balance the tradeoff between foraging and predation risk in spatially and temporally shifting predator environments. In order to optimize this tradeoff, prey need to be able to display an appropriate response based on degree of predation risk. To be most beneficial in the earliest life stages in which many prey are vulnerable to predation, innate anti-predator responses should scale to match the risk imposed by predators until learned anti-predator responses can occur. We conducted an experiment that examined whether tadpoles with no previous exposure to predators (i.e., predator-naive) exhibit innate antipredator behavioral responses (e.g., via refuge use and spatial avoidance) that match the actual risk posed by each predator. Using 7 treatments (6 free-roaming, lethal predators plus no-predator control), we determined the predation rates of each predator onLithobates sphenocephalustadpoles. We recorded behavioral observations on an additional 7 nonlethal treatments (6 caged predators plus no-predator control). Tadpoles exhibited innate responses to fish predators, but not non-fish predators, even though two non-fish predators (newt and crayfish) consumed the most tadpoles. Due to a mismatch between innate response and predator consumption, tadpoles may be vulnerable to greater rates of predation at the earliest life stages before learning can occur. Thus, naïve tadpoles in nature may be at a high risk to predation in the presence of a novel predator until learned anti-predator responses provide additional defenses to the surviving tadpoles.

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Agostinho, Angelo Antonio, Carlos Sergio Agostinho, Fernando Mayer Pelicice, and Elineide Eugênio Marques. "Fish ladders: safe fish passage or hotspot for predation?" Neotropical Ichthyology 10, no. 4 (October 2012): 687–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252012000400001.

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Fish ladders are a strategy for conserving biodiversity, as they can provide connectivity between fragmented habitats and reduce predation on shoals that accumulate immediately below dams. Although the impact of predation downstream of reservoirs has been investigated, especially in juvenile salmonids during their downstream movements, nothing is known about predation on Neotropical fish in the attraction and containment areas commonly found in translocation facilities. This study analysed predation in a fish passage system at the Lajeado Dam on the Tocantins River in Brazil. The abundance, distribution, and the permanence (time spent) of large predatory fish along the ladder, the injuries imposed by piranhas during passage and the presence of other vertebrate predators were investigated. From December 2002 to October 2003, sampling was conducted in four regions (downstream, along the ladder, in the forebay, and upstream of the reservoir) using gillnets, cast nets and counts or visual observations. The captured fish were tagged with thread and beads, and any mutilations were registered. Fish, birds and dolphins were the main predator groups observed, with a predominance of the first two groups. The entrance to the ladder, in the downstream region, was the area with the highest number of large predators and was the only region with relevant non-fish vertebrates. The main predatory fish species were Rhaphiodon vulpinus, Hydrolycus armatus, and Serrasalmus rhombeus. Tagged individuals were detected predating along the ladder for up to 90 days. Mutilations caused by Serrasalmus attacks were noted in 36% of species and 4% of individuals at the top of the ladder. Our results suggested that the high density of fish in the restricted ladder environment, which is associated with injuries suffered along the ladder course and the presence of multiple predator groups with different predation strategies, transformed the fish corridor into a hotspot for predation.

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Lerch, Brian A., and Maria R. Servedio. "Predation drives complex eco-evolutionary dynamics in sexually selected traits." PLOS Biology 21, no. 4 (April 3, 2023): e3002059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002059.

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Predation plays a role in preventing the evolution of ever more complicated sexual displays, because such displays often increase an individual’s predation risk. Sexual selection theory, however, omits a key feature of predation in modeling costs to sexually selected traits: Predation is density dependent. As a result of this density dependence, predator–prey dynamics should feed back into the evolution of sexual displays, which, in turn, feeds back into predator–prey dynamics. Here, we develop both population and quantitative genetic models of sexual selection that explicitly link the evolution of sexual displays with predator–prey dynamics. Our primary result is that predation can drive eco-evolutionary cycles in sexually selected traits. We also show that mechanistically modeling the cost to sexual displays as predation leads to novel outcomes such as the maintenance of polymorphism in sexual displays and alters ecological dynamics by muting prey cycles. These results suggest predation as a potential mechanism to maintain variation in sexual displays and underscore that short-term studies of sexual display evolution may not accurately predict long-run dynamics. Further, they demonstrate that a common verbal model (that predation limits sexual displays) with widespread empirical support can result in unappreciated, complex dynamics due to the density-dependent nature of predation.

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Bennett, A. M., and D. L. Murray. "Carryover effects of phenotypic plasticity: embryonic environment and larval response to predation risk in Wood Frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus) and Northern Leopard Frogs (Lithobates pipiens)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 93, no. 11 (November 2015): 867–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2015-0129.

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Limitations of phenotypic plasticity affect the success of individuals and populations in changing environments. We assessed the plasticity-history limitation on predator-induced defenses in anurans (Wood Frogs, Lithobates sylvaticus (LeConte, 1825), and Northern Leopard Frogs, Lithobates pipiens (Schreber, 1782)), predicting that plastic responses to predation risk by dragonfly larvae (family Aeshnidae) in the embryonic environment would limit the defensive response to predators in the larval environment. Predator-conditioned Wood Frog embryos increased relative tail depth in response to those same cues as larvae, whereas predator-naive tadpoles did not. However, no carryover effect was noted in the behavioural response of Wood Frog tadpoles to predation risk. Predator-naive Northern Leopard Frog tadpoles increased relative tail depth in response to predation risk in the larval environment. Predator-conditioned Northern Leopard Frog embryos hatched with, and maintained, a marginal increase in tail depth as larvae in the absence of predation risk. Predator-conditioned Northern Leopard Frog embryos exposed to predation risk as larvae showed no morphological response. While we find no strong support for the plasticity-history limitation per se, carryover effects across embryonic and larval life-history stages were noted in both Wood Frog and Northern Leopard Frog, suggesting that predation risk early in ontogeny can influence the outcome of future interactions with predators.

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Beauchamp, Guy. "Susceptibility to Predation Varies with Body Mass, Foraging Niche, and Anti-Predator Responses among Bird Species." Birds 4, no. 1 (February 5, 2023): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/birds4010006.

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Predation is a major source of mortality for many avian species. Species that face more predators, and those with less effective anti-predator responses, are presumably more likely to die from predation over time. Predation rate, as a measure of susceptibility to predation, is difficult to measure in the field. Radio-tracking studies, however, allow researchers to determine the time and cause of death of marked individuals, making it possible to estimate predation rate. I used estimates of predation rates from a large number of published radio-tracking studies in birds to assess in a phylogenetic framework the effect of several potential determinants. I obtained 393 estimates of predation rates from 129 species. Predation rates were lower in areas with fewer predators, such as islands and aquatic habitats, and for species with fewer potential predators, such as larger species. The predation rate was also lower for prey species with effective anti-predator responses, such as those that forage in flocks. Radio-tracking studies provide a unique opportunity to estimate overall predation rate in the field. Broadening the range of species and the range of habitats involved in such studies will help to further elucidate the factors that affect susceptibility to predation.

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Berry, Lainie. "Predation rates of artificial nests in the edge and interior of a southern Victorian forest." Wildlife Research 29, no. 4 (2002): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr01022.

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Predation rates of nests at human-induced habitat edges may be greater than in forest interior due to differences in predator assemblages and predator activity. I compared the predation rates on 192 artificial nests containing plasticine eggs placed in forest edge and interior sites at Bunyip State Park, Victoria. The nest-predation rates at the forest edge sites were significantly greater (mean = 52–58%) than that at the forest interior sites (mean = 30–39%). The relative rates of predation by birds compared with mammals were significantly greater at forest edge sites (mean = 78–94%) than at forest interior sites (mean = 36–67%). Higher rates of nest predation at forest edges appeared to be due to greater densities of avian predators such as the grey shrike-thrush (Colluricincla harmonica), and/or lower abundances of small mammals. However, biases towards certain predator types may mask real, or create false, patterns in predation rates of artificial nests. A better understanding of how predators respond to artificial nests compared with natural nests is required. Until then, results of predation studies that use artificial nests should be interpreted with caution.

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Дисертації з теми "Predation"

Powell, Adam. "Predation and scavenging by the generalist predator, Pterostichus melanarius." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54182/.

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The research reported in this thesis investigated the ability of P. melanarius to control slug populations, and the impacts that alternative prey, particularly carrion, has on the efficacy of this predator as an agent of slug pest control. A suite of laboratory- and field-based experiments were conducted to achieve those ends. The main findings were: (1) Prey vital status was significant in determining the feeding preference hierarchy of P. melanarius. The mucus defence of live slugs (Deroceras reticulatum) deterred attacks by beetles, but feeding on dead D. reticulatum emphasized a preference for this prey type by P. melanarius. (2) The survival rate of D. reticulatum bitten by P. melanarius was not different to that of non-attacked control slugs. Attacking bites by P. melanarius, visited upon live slugs, did not yield slug DNA-positive results during molecular analysis of beetle foregut contents. (3) Pterostichus melanarius was not able to detect by olfaction the presence of live or 12 h-decayed dead D. reticulatum. (4) The feeding history of P. melanarius had a significant influence on subsequent prey selection. However, the effect interacted with an innate, overarching prey preference hierarchy. (5) A large-scale semi-field experiment identified that P. melanarius fed upon slugs, but the effect of predation pressure was not sufficient to induce negative growth in slug population density. The presence of alternative prey, and the increasing mass of individual slugs exerted rate-limiting effects on slug-predation by P. melanarius.

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Connors, Matthew J. "Quantifying spatial and temporal heterogeneity in predator activity and predation risk /." Available to subscribers only, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1104973781&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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McKnight, Julie L. "Predator and prey population dynamics and distribution, effects of predation and competition." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ58428.pdf.

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Brouillette, Amber Noelle. "Sex-Biased Predation on Taricha by a Novel Predator in Annadel State Park." DigitalCommons@USU, 2008. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/111.

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Newts of the genus Taricha have long been studied due to the powerful neurotoxin found in their skin. Tetrodotoxin (TTX) acts by blocking receptors in sodium channels, ultimately resulting in death via asphyxiation. The only documented predators of species in this genus have been snakes of the genus Thamnophis. Recently, predation on Taricha in Ledson Marsh in Annadel State Park, Santa Rosa, CA was discovered. Predation was in the form of laceration or evisceration, and tracking of predation from 1998-2008 showed that it was male-biased. Two species of Taricha were found living sympatrically at this location, the California newt (T. torosa) and the rough-skinned newt (T. granulosa). Fluorometric High Phase Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis was used in order to quantify TTX levels in the skin of ten male and ten female newts of each species. Quantification of TTX was done to determine the influence, if any, that TTX levels may have on sex-biased predation in this population. I predicted that levels of TTX would be greater in females than males, and greater in T. granulosa than T. torosa since very few T. granulosa were preyed upon during the study period. My results indicated that there were significant differences between the sexes, and T. torosa were significantly more toxic than T. granulosa. An in-depth ecological study of relative abundances of both species and identification of the predator are needed at this site to obtain a clear picture of the predator-prey dynamics at Ledson Marsh

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Latif, Quresh S. "How predation risk shapes avian nest site selection and processes underlying nest predation patterns." Diss., [Riverside, Calif.] : University of California, Riverside, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=1957706911&SrchMode=2&sid=4&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1268765320&clientId=48051.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Riverside, 2009.
Includes abstract. Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Title from first page of PDF file (viewed March 16, 2010). Includes bibliographical references. Also issued in print.

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Funderburk, James. "Modern Variation in Predation Intensity: Constraints on Assessing Predator-Prey Relationships in Paleoecologic Reconstructions." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3491.

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The complex interaction between predators and their prey is rarely preserved in the fossil record. However, predation of marine mollusks by drilling gastropods leaves a diagnostic hole in the shell of the prey, possibly allowing for quantitative analysis of this ecological interaction. Drilling frequency, as measured in marine mollusks both in the Modern and fossil record, has been heralded as a potential opportunity to quantify these ecological interactions and use these values in the testing of hypotheses. This study employed the collection, tallying, and analysis of bulk samples derived from shelly deposits on 45 Modern beaches along the contiguous coast of the southeast United States (Virginia Beach, VA to Port Isabella, TX). The tallying scheme allowed for pooling and reduction of the data to compare drilling frequencies at several taxonomic and geographic scales. In addition, multivariate clustering analyses was used to generate groups of similar taxonomic abundances for direct comparison. Understanding potential spatial variation in the natural environment is paramount to using quantified values of drilling frequency in temporal and spatial studies in the fossil record. Calculated drilling frequencies for bulk (location) samples ranged from 0 to over 100%. Similar ranges of drilling frequency were observed in more finely defined taxonomic groups. Calculated drilling frequency was higher in the Carolinian province as compared to the Gulf-Louisianian and Virginian provinces. No correlation between drilling frequency and latitude was observed at any scale. An area of substantially increased drilling frequency was observed along the Carolina coast, at the ecotone between the Carolinian and Virginian provinces, suggesting that some environmental condition is present and responsible for the local increase in drilling frequency. Finally, little attention has been paid to sampling techniques and their subsequent impact on the analysis of drilling frequency. As the bulk samples represent aggregate accumulations of shells from a myriad of environments, this introduces pronounced variation in the analysis that has not been previously accounted for. Statistically, much larger abundances of specimens in individual taxa, approaching 450 values for bivalves, are needed to effectively constrain this variability.

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Songjang, Khemika. "Peptides to inhibit crop predation." Thesis, University of Reading, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428155.

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Low, Petah Alexandra. "The ecology and behaviour of eucalypt-feeding caterpillars in response to predation risk." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15898.

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It was traditionally assumed that predator effects were lethally transmitted, however there is now increasing evidence of the importance of their non-consumptive effects. I outline a conceptual framework that integrates both the consumptive and non-consumptive pathways for predator effects on insect herbivores. Using this framework, I aimed to improve our understanding of predator effects on insect herbivores in the Eucalyptus system. First I investigated how the plant traits- leaf age and location- affect predation risk, and also whether this risk varied with type of predator. I found no evidence for a difference in risk. I then manipulated head capsule stacks on Uraba lugens larvae to investigate their putative defensive function. I found that the retention of moulted head capsules provides some protection against natural enemies by serving as a false target as well as a weapon to fend off attackers. Next I investigated the behavioural responses of caterpillars to variation in a direct physical cue of predation risk, non-lethal predator attacks varying in location and frequency. I found that the type and extent of response varied according to the location and frequency of attack, suggesting that these caterpillars have the capacity to distinguish different levels of risk. I also investigated how both the behaviour and physiology of caterpillars are influenced by multiple cues of predation risk. I found that the direct physical cue invoked both short term behavioural responses and long-term physiological ones, while the indirect chemical cue invoked only short-term physiological responses. Finally my thesis also addressed a number of methodological aims regarding the use of model prey. I confirmed the validity of models as surrogates for real prey in a field setting. I also collated a comprehensive reference collection of attack marks and established guidelines for identifying predators responsible for attacks on models.

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Rodgers, Brandon. "Poecilia reticulata predation on Aedes aegypti larvae : effects of predator body size and vegetation density." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100206.

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In this study, predation efficiency of three guppy ( Poecilia reticulata) size classes was evaluated at various vegetation densities in a series of circular aquaria containing plastic plants closely resembling Ceratophyllum demersum. The effect of vegetation density was most apparent among large fish where predation efficiency greatly diminished from 12.35 mosquito larvae (Aedes aegypti) to 4.68 as vegetation densities rose from 3 to 19 plants/700 cm2. Over that same range of increasing vegetation densities, predation among small fish remained unchanged, whereas among fish of intermediate size predation declined significantly but less precipitously than for large individuals. When presented with a choice between second and fourth mosquito larvae, small fish preferred to prey on second instars, whereas large fish preferred fourth instar larvae. Fish of intermediate size did not show a statistically significant preference. The functional response of fish to increasing prey densities, as measured over a 12-h period, was of Type III.

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Bromilow, Amanda Marie. "Juvenile Blue Crab Survival in Nursery Habitats: Predator Identification and Predation Impacts in Chesapeake Bay." W&M ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1516639467.

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Predator populations can have significant impacts on prey recruitment success and prey population dynamics through consumption. Young, inexperienced prey are often most vulnerable to predation due to their small size and limited evasion capabilities. to reduce the risk of predation, new recruits and young juveniles typically settle in structured nursery habitats, such as seagrass beds, which promote higher survival by acting as refuges from predators. Thus, successful recruitment to the adult portion of the population is often dependent on the availability of suitable nursery habitat. In this thesis, I used field tethering experiments and gut content analyses to assess the role of habitat, body size, finfish predation, and cannibalism on the survival of one of the most ecologically and economically important species in Chesapeake Bay: the blue crab Callinectes sapidus. In field tethering experiments, survival probability of juvenile blue crabs in York River nursery habitats (i.e. seagrass beds, sand flats) increased significantly and additively with crab size and SAV cover. Images of predation events during tethering experiments revealed cannibalism by adult blue crabs to be a major source of juvenile mortality. Gut content analyses from three field studies identified seven predators of juvenile blue crabs in lower Chesapeake Bay nursery habitats: adult blue crabs, striped bass Morone saxatilis, red drum Sciaenops ocellatus, silver perch Bairdiella chrysoura, weakfish Cynoscion regalis, Atlantic croaker Micropogonias undulatus, and oyster toadfish Opsanus tau. Using frequency of consumption and diet proportion metrics, I determined striped bass, red drum, and silver perch to be the most impactful finfish predators on juvenile mortality, in addition to cannibalism. Atlantic croaker and oyster toadfish play minor roles in juvenile mortality in Chesapeake Bay nursery habitats. The probability of juvenile crabs being present in a predator’s gut was also significantly higher in seagrass beds than in unvegetated sand flats. Food web dynamics are an important aspect of ecosystem-based fisheries management. Understanding the ecological interactions between populations, and their environment, can provide insight into natural population fluctuations of valuable fishery species such as the blue crab. This thesis demonstrated the positive effects of body size and SAV cover on juvenile crab survival, indicating the importance of seagrass nursery habitat for blue crab population dynamics in Chesapeake Bay. However, despite the predator refuge offered by SAV, high densities of predators and prey in seagrass beds resulted in greater consumption of juveniles in those habitats. Key predators of juvenile blue crabs were also identified and their relative impacts were estimated. The predator-prey relationships revealed in this thesis were integrated into a revised food web for blue crabs in Chesapeake Bay, in the hopes of informing future ecosystem-based management efforts.

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Книги з теми "Predation"

J, Dumont H., Tundisi J. G, and Roche K, eds. Intrazooplankton predation. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 1990.

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Dumont, H. J., J. G. Tundisi, and K. Roche, eds. Intrazooplankton Predation. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2067-5.

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Elewa, Ashraf M. T., ed. Predation in Organisms. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-46046-6.

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Grossman, Herschel I. Predation and accumulation. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1995.

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Fudenberg, Drew. Predation without reputation. Cambridge, Mass: Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985.

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Acorn, Robert C. Coyote predation of livestock. Edmonton: Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, 1998.

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Jędrzejewska, Bogumiła, and Włodzimierz Jędrzejewski. Predation in Vertebrate Communities. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-35364-6.

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Grossman, Herschel I. Inequality, predation and welfare. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1996.

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Grossman, Herschel I. Predation, efficiency, and inequality. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1997.

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Cabral, Luís. Predation with a learning curve. Lisboa: Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Economia, 1995.

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Частини книг з теми "Predation"

Rose, Michael R. "Predation." In Quantitative Ecological Theory, 98–132. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6697-3_4.

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Rose, Michael R. "Predation." In Quantitative Ecological Theory, 98–132. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6561-7_4.

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Kappeler, Peter M. "Predation." In Animal Behaviour, 121–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82879-0_7.

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Weber, Louise M. "Predation." In Understanding Nature, 201–9. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003271833-18.

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Lair, Nicole. "Effects of invertebrate predation on the seasonal succession of a zooplankton community: a two year study in Lake Aydat, France." In Intrazooplankton Predation, 1–12. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2067-5_1.

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Herzig, Alois, and Brigitte Auer. "The feeding behaviour of Leptodora kindti and its impact on the zooplankton community of Neusiedler See (Austria)." In Intrazooplankton Predation, 107–17. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2067-5_10.

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Mertens, Johan, N. Munuswamy, Christine De Walsche, and Henri J. Dumont. "On predatory tendencies in the feeding ecology of the fairy shrimp Streptocephalus proboscideus (Frauenfeld, 1873) (Crustacea: Anostraca)." In Intrazooplankton Predation, 119–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2067-5_11.

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Williamson, Craig E., and Mark E. Stoeckel. "Estimating predation risk in zooplankton communities: the importance of vertical overlap." In Intrazooplankton Predation, 125–31. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2067-5_12.

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Janicki, Anthony, and John DeCosta. "An analysis of prey selection by Mesocyclops edax." In Intrazooplankton Predation, 133–39. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2067-5_13.

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Matsumura-Tundisi, Takako, Arnola C. Rietzler, Evaldo L. G. Espindola, Jose G. Tundisi, and Odete Rocha. "Predation on Ceriodaphnia cornuta and Brachionus calyciflorus by two Mesocyclops species coexisting in Barra Bonita reservoir (SP, Brazil)." In Intrazooplankton Predation, 141–51. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2067-5_14.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Predation"

Bearss, E. Michael, Walter Alan Cantrell, C. W. Hall, Joy E. Pinckard, and Mikel D. Petty. "Wolf sheep predation." In ACM SE '22: 2022 ACM Southeast Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3476883.3520218.

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Combes, Stacey A. "Predator versus prey: Biomechanics, behavior, and strategy during aerial predation in dragonflies." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.89046.

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Manimaran, Kritika, Faridah Mustapha, and Fuaada Mohd Siam. "Intraguild predation (IGP) model with stage structure and cannibalism in predator population." In 4TH SYMPOSIUM ON INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (SISTEC2022). AIP Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0171695.

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Chatterjee, Samrat, Ezio Venturino, Theodore E. Simos, George Psihoyios, Ch Tsitouras, and Zacharias Anastassi. "On Predation of Symbiotic Systems." In NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS ICNAAM 2011: International Conference on Numerical Analysis and Applied Mathematics. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3637841.

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Reeder, Grant, Judith Nagel-Myers, Ioannis Mastorakos, and Philip Yuya. "CRUSHING PREDATION ON BIVALVE SPECIES: FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF DUROPHAGOUS PREDATOR/PREY INTERACTIONS." In 51st Annual Northeastern GSA Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016ne-272540.

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Von Moll, Alexander, Pavlos Androulakakis, Zachariah Fuchs, and Dieter Vanderelst. "Evolutionary Design of Cooperative Predation Strategies." In 2020 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cog47356.2020.9231945.

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Pusawidjayanti, K., A. Suryanto, and R. B. E. Wibowo. "Effect of different predation rate on predator-prey model with harvesting, disease and refuge." In SYMPOSIUM ON BIOMATHEMATICS (SYMOMATH 2014). AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4914441.

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Rahim, Liyana Abd, and Zabidin Salleh. "Stability analysis of a simple nutrient-prey-predator model with intratrophic predation in chemostat." In PROCEEDING OF THE 25TH NATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES (SKSM25): Mathematical Sciences as the Core of Intellectual Excellence. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5041547.

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Pal, Sudeshna. "A Review of Target Pursuit Strategies in Aerial Species." In ASME 2014 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2014-6219.

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Aerial pursuit in nature is a complex task that involves interaction with targets in motion. To date, many researchers have analyzed aerial predation strategies used by different flying species for the pursuit and interception of targets such as a prey or a conspecific. In this article, we provide a brief review of these different predation strategies with the focus primarily on insects and bats that rely on different sensory variables (vision and sonar) for navigation. The Knowledge gained from studying these strategies can guide the development of bio-inspired approaches for navigation of engineered systems.

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Buynevich, Ilya V., H. Allen Curran, Karen A. Kopcznski, Christopher A. Sparacio, Lisa E. Park Boush, Bosiljka Glumac, Perry L. Gnivecki, and Klavdiya Vasylenko. "AVIAN PREDATION TRACES AND POSSIBLE ANTI-PREDATION STRATEGIES OF THE BLUE LAND CRAB IN THE BAHAMAS: PALEOBIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-302140.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Predation"

Grossman, Herschel, and Minseong Kim. Predation and Accumulation. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5357.

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Grossman, Herschel, and Minseong Kim. Inequality, Predation and Welfare. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5704.

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Grossman, Herschel, and Minseong Kim. Predation, Efficiency, and Inequality. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6301.

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Lundgren, Jonathan, Moshe Coll, and James Harwood. Biological control of cereal aphids in wheat: Implications of alternative foods and intraguild predation. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7699858.bard.

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The overall objective of this proposal is to understand how realistic strategies for incorporating alternative foods into wheat fields affect the intraguild (IG) interactions of omnivorous and carnivorous predators and their efficacy as biological control agents. Cereal aphids are a primary pest of wheat throughout much of the world. Naturally occurring predator communities consume large quantities of cereal aphids in wheat, and are partitioned into aphid specialists and omnivores. Within wheat fields, the relative abilities of omnivorous and carnivorous predators to reduce cereal aphids depend heavily on the availability, distribution and type of alternative foods (alternative prey, sugar, and pollen), and on the intensity and direction of IG predation events within this community. A series of eight synergistic experiments, carefully crafted to accomplish objectives while accounting for regional production practices, will be conducted to explore how cover crops (US, where large fields preclude effective use of field margins) and field margins (IS, where cover crops are not feasible) as sources of alternative foods affect the IG interactions of predators and their efficacy as biological control agents. These objectives are: 1. Determine the mechanisms whereby the availability of alternative prey and plant-provided resources affect pest suppression by omnivorous and carnivorous generalist predators; 2. Characterize the intensity of IGP within generalist predator communities of wheat systems and assess the impact of these interactions on cereal aphid predation; and 3. Evaluate how spatial patterns in the availability of non-prey resources and IGP affect predation on cereal aphids by generalist predator communities. To accomplish these goals, novel tools, including molecular and biochemical gut content analysis and geospatial analysis, will be coupled with traditional techniques used to monitor and manipulate insect populations and predator efficacy. Our approach will manipulate key alternative foods and IG prey to determine how these individual interactions contribute to the ability of predators to suppress cereal aphids within systems where cover crop and field margin management strategies are evaluated in production scale plots. Using these strategies, the proposed project will not only provide cost-effective and realistic solutions for pest management issues faced by IS and US producers, but also will provide a better understanding of how spatial dispersion, IG predation, and the availability of alternative foods contribute to biological control by omnivores and carnivores within agroecosystems. By reducing the reliance of wheat producers on insecticides, this proposal will address the BARD priorities of increasing the efficiency of agricultural production and protecting plants against biotic sources of stress in an environmentally friendly and sustainable manner.

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Morton, Fiona Scott. Entry and Predation: British Shipping Cartels 1879-1929. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5663.

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Casida, L. E., and Jr. Survival of Microorganisms and Bacterial Predation in Nature. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada153574.

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Grossman, Herschel. "Make Us a King": Anarchy, Predation, and the State. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6289.

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Berman, Eli, Joseph Felter, Ethan Kapstein, and Erin Troland. Predation, Taxation, Investment, and Violence: Evidence from the Philippines. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w18375.

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Bassista, Thomas. Lake Pend Oreille Predation Research, Annual Report 2002-2003. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/963104.

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Berman, Eli, Joseph Felter, Ethan Kapstein, and Erin Troland. Predation, Taxation, Investment and Violence: Evidence from the Philippines. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19266.

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