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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Polluted environmental"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Polluted environmental"

Shah, Nita, Shreya Patel, Moksha Satia, and Foram Thakkar. "DYNAMICS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTIONTHROUGH VEHICLES." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 5, no. 4 (February 26, 2020): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v5.i4.2018.206.

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In today’s time as air pollution is increasing day by day the use of non-polluted has to be increased in almost all nooks and corner of the countries. In this paper a mathematical model is developed to analyse environmental pollution through polluted and non-polluted vehicles. Basic reproduction number has been calculated which will the decide the behavior of the system. Stability analysis has been carried out at equilibrium points. Numerical simulation is done to analyse the result for various compartments.

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Nisbet, James. "Environmental Abstraction and the Polluted Image." American Art 31, no. 1 (March 2017): 114–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/692160.

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Shishniashvili, TE, NN Suladze, and VV Margvelashvili. "Primary Teeth and Hair as Indicators of Environmental Pollution." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 40, no. 2 (March 1, 2016): 152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/1053-4628-40.2.152.

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Objectives: To study the influence of environmental pollution on the mineralization of dental hard tissues by using biosubstrates: teeth and hair. :Study design: At the first stage epidemiological survey was conducted in polluted and less polluted areas of Tbilisi (Georgia). We studied 525 children aged 3 and 4 years. Caries prevalence and intensity was defined by the methodology of World Health Organization. At the second stage the chemical elements content was studied in hair and teeth hard tissues of 24 children by X - ray fluorescent spectroscopy method. Results: The prevalence of dental caries in the polluted region was 46%, caries intensity − 1.92 (± 2.842). In the less polluted region prevalence was 37%, caries intensity − 1.47 (± 2.571). These data are statistically reliable (p < 0.05). The study of hair and tooth tissues showed that the toxic elements (Pb, Hg, Sn, Ti) content in these tissues was higher in environmentally unfavorable than in favorable conditions. Conclusion: Hair and dental tissues can be used as indicators of environmental pollution. Our survey showed that toxic elements content in dental hard tissues was higher and the level of essential elements was less in polluted than in less polluted areas of Tbilisi.

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Gómez-Rúa, María. "Sharing a polluted river through environmental taxes." SERIEs 4, no. 2 (December 6, 2011): 137–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13209-011-0083-2.

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Eeva, Tapio, Harri Hakkarainen, Toni Laaksonen, and Esa Lehikoinen. "Environmental pollution has sex-dependent effects on local survival." Biology Letters 2, no. 2 (February 13, 2006): 298–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2006.0443.

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Environmental pollutants cause a potential hazard for survival in free-living animal populations. We modelled local survival (including emigration) by using individual mark–recapture histories of males and females in a population of a small insectivorous passerine bird, the pied flycatcher ( Ficedula hypoleuca ) living around a point source of heavy metals (copper smelter). Local survival of F. hypoleuca females did not differ between polluted and unpolluted environments. Males, however, showed a one-third higher local-survival probability in the polluted area. Low fledgling production was generally associated with decreased local survival, but males in the polluted area showed relatively high local survival, irrespective of their fledgling number. A possible explanation of higher local survival of males in the polluted area could be a pollution-induced change in hormone (e.g. corticosterone or testosterone) levels of males. It could make them to invest more on their own survival or affect the hormonal control of breeding dispersal. The local survival of males decreased in the polluted area over the study period along with the simultaneous decrease in heavy metal emissions. This temporal trend is in agreement with the stress hormone hypothesis.

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Bogardi, I., W. E. Kelly, A. Bardossy, and E. Z. Stakhiv. "Estimation of Environmental Risk Due to Polluted Sediment." Water Science and Technology 22, no. 5 (May 1, 1990): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1990.0033.

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A method is presented to perform a risk-cost evaluation for sediment management applicable to the Danube Basin. Specifically, the environmental risk and the cost due to excavation and disposal of polluted sediment are evaluated and traded off in order to select sound management alternatives. Two main objectives of sediment management are considered: to minimize the cost of management and to minimize the environmental risk thereof. The economically optimal solution may not be realized due to the environmental risk involved. The environmental risk has several components such as human carcinogenic risk, human noncarcinogenic risk, and ecological risk related to a number of species. A trade-off analysis called composite programming is used: 1. to aggregate components of environmental risk considering different sources and compositions of polluted sediment in the river channel and/or reservoirs, 2. to find an alternative of sediment management which provides the best compromise between the cost and environmental risk involved.

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Lin, Wen Jie, Chu Lian Chen, and Su Biao Xu. "Heavy Metal Contamination and Environmental Concerns on Orchard at Abandoned Tungsten Mine, Southern China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 1609–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.1609.

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A series of stream water, soil and fruits samples in the orchards were collected from Lianhuashan tungsten area in Guangdong Province. The concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu and Ni in the samples were determined. This study targeted at the impacts of Lianhuashan wasteland on the orchards at the downstream. The results showed that the stream water was severely polluted by heavy metals, especially As and Cd, with low pH value and high electric conductivity (EC). Compared to the background orchards, the soils in the orchards at the downstream were polluted by As and Cd. The fruits in the orchards surrounding the polluted stream were seriously polluted by As and Cd. Acid waste water derived from the tailings of Lianhuashan tungsten mine entered the streams and resulted in elevated concentrations of heavy metals, lower pH values and higher EC in the stream water. The polluted streams caused soils and fruits pollution by As and Cd in the surrounding orchards.

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Napton, Mary Luanne, and Frederick A. Day. "Polluted Neighborhoods in Texas." Environment and Behavior 24, no. 4 (July 1992): 508–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916592244004.

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Matthies, Ellen, Rainer Höger, and Rainer Guski. "Living on Polluted Soil." Environment and Behavior 32, no. 2 (March 2000): 270–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00139160021972522.

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Singh Suwal, Belai Meeta, Ratna Silwal Gautam, and Dikshya Manandhar. "Environmental Impact On Morphological and Anatomical Structure of Ricinus communis L. Leaves Growing in Kathmandu, Nepal." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 7, no. 2 (June 27, 2019): 274–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v7i2.24652.

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The current study was done to examine the impact of environmental pollution on morphology and anatomy of leaf of Ricinus communis L. of Kathmandu. The comparative study was done between the plants of high polluted sites i.e Ringroad sides and less polluted sites i.e Raniban forest of Kathmandu. The plants from both sites showed visible morphological and anatomical changes in leaves. These both study sites were found with similar soil factors and climatic factors. Reductions in some morphological and anatomical features were observed in leaves growing in highly polluted site. Reduction in leaf area, petiole length, thickness of palisade layer and thickness of spongy parenchyma was noticed in the leaves from highly polluted sites of Kathmandu. Other morphological and anatomical features such as leaf dry mass content, stomata frequency, thickness of cuticle and size of epidermal cells were noticed to be increased in leaves from highly polluted sites. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(2): 274-278

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Дисертації з теми "Polluted environmental"

Sherwood, Graham D. "Fish energetics in polluted ecosystems." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38280.

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Conventional wisdom in ecotoxicology predicts reductions in organismal fitness to follow from exposure-related physiological effects. This expectation may be appropriate for controlled laboratory environments, but may not necessarily reflect what is likely to take place in the wild. In an extensive review of the ecotoxicology literature, it was revealed that fish condition factor (an index of energetic fitness) is just as likely to respond favourably to pollutant exposure as it is to respond negatively. The remainder of this thesis examines some of the ecological reasons for this apparent paradox. One possible cause of altered energetic status in wild, pollutant-exposed fish is variable food availability. Addressing this possibility, I showed that consumption rates (estimated using a 137Cesium mass-balance approach) were not related to growth reductions in hormonally-impaired yellow perch ( Perca flavescens) from metal-contaminated lakes. Another possibility is that fish forage less efficiently in metal-polluted lakes as a result of lowered prey choice. In this thesis, I develop an enzymatic and individual-based biomarker for fish activity costs (muscle lactate dehydrogenase, LDH, activity) and show, through the use of this tool that the cost of fish activity is intimately tied to prey type and the ability to make normal ontogenetic diet shifts. Through the application of LDH measurements, as well as through bioenergetic modelling, diet and prey community analyses, a link between decreased prey choice and high perch activity costs leading to zero growth efficiency (energetic bottlenecks) was demonstrated in yellow perch from metal-contaminated lakes. This finding provided one of the first examples in ecotoxicology of a mechanistic link between community and organismal endpoints. The findings of this thesis emphasize the need for ecotoxicology to consider ecology when looking for and interpreting ecologically relevant endpoints. The final chapter of this thesis ex

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Lawson, Jeffrey. "Towards a novel methodology for the environmental remediation of oil-polluted aqueous systems." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=158583.

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Aromatic hydrocarbons are a prevalent constituent of crude oil. The refined products of crude oil such as petroleum and diesel can find their way into groundwater though oil-spillages and are also present in the oil and gas industry’s produced water. These aromatics are biorecalcitrant, however upon ingestion with water, may be metabolised to toxic intermediates that are carcinogenic or mutagenic in nature. Although some treatment technologies are available most of these are under development and are yet to be proven in the field. This illustrates the need for novel, economical and environmentally friendly technologies to be developed with a view to remediating aqueous systems that have been polluted with aromatics hydrocarbons. The supramolecular cyclodextrin molecule, with its hydrophobic interior and hydrophobic exterior seems to be an excellent molecule for the trapping of the pollutant molecules, however the inclusion complexes with this cyclic sugar are water-soluble therefore there is a need for the cyclodextrin to be rendered waterinsoluble. A study of the aqueous solubilities of some aromatic hydrocarbons that may be present in crude oil has been carried out and shows that the majority of these molecules have a degree of water solubility that may increase upon environmental weathering. The successful reaction between a solid-phase resin and the β-cyclodextrin molecule has been achieved, with the total dryness of the system being required including Soxhlet extraction of the resin with anhydrous acetone before the reaction. The reaction between β-cyclodextrin and a range of isocyanates proved unsuccessful, but a range of symmetrical aryl ureas were synthesised from their isocyanates with the influence that different activating or deactivating groups on the ring have on the propensity to form the ureas being shown. The successful alkylation between β-cyclodextrin and a series of haloalkanes has shown the effect of increasing chain length on the degree of alkylation. This reaction involved the deprotonation of the cyclodextrin by sodium hydride in anhydrous dimethyl sulphoxide followed by reaction with the alkyl iodide. Increasing the equivalents of hydride or iodide, or the reaction time did not have a noticeable effect on the degree of reaction indicating that steric constraints were limiting the degree of reaction. Testing several of these alkyl iodides gave an indication as to their tendency to uptake and remove several model pollutants that had been dissolved in water with the propylated β-cyclodextrin displaying potential for the remediation of aqueous systems that had been polluted. Several of these results were very promising leading to the conclusion that further derivatives of these alkylated sugars may be even more suitable for future research into the remediation of organically polluted aqueous systems.

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Wasay, Syed A. "Bioremediation of soils polluted by heavy metals using organic acids." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0017/NQ44624.pdf.

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Dyer, Mark. "Examining barriers to phytoremediating heavy metal polluted soils in developing countries." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för ekoteknik och hållbart byggande, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-36751.

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Heavy metal soil pollution from anthropogenic sources such as historical use of fertilizers, poor waste disposal, and spills from industries are a serious environmental problem. This can be especially damaging in developing countries where incentives are limited to remediate these soils, and some of the poorest regions are the most affected. Soil remediation can clean heavy metal polluted soil to a level that is sustainable for the environment and the organisms that inhabit it. Many conventional soil remediation techniques can be very expensive, and resource and energy intensive, making them poor choices for developing countries. However, phytoremediation, an emerging soil remediation technology, is much cheaper and less intensive by using the natural ability of certain plants to clean polluted soils. Although phytoremediation has been considered the best available technology for developing countries with heavy metal polluted soil, it is still being underutilized. In this thesis, through the examination of case studies from the U.S., several barriers are identified that are preventing further implementation of phytoremediation projects in developing countries. These barriers include, the difficulties for developing countries in recognising the scale of heavy metal pollution, a lack of enforcement of environmental legislation and standards, prohibitive costs of projects, problems with the effectiveness of phytoremediation as a soil remediation technology, and a lack of technological knowledge.

2018-10-30

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Abdula, Samira Abdul-Hussain Abdula. "An ecological and experimental study of sediment-benthos interactions in a polluted estuary." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1985. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2750/.

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Pronoza, Lesya. "Phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soils in marginalised regions: opportunities, limitations and sustainable development." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för ekoteknik och hållbart byggande, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-33122.

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Soil pollution is one of the problems that obstruct sustainable development in the affected regions, posing a threat to the local environment, ecosystems and human wellbeing. Phytoremediation is one of the techniques used to clean polluted soils. It relies on the ability of some plants to absorb or stabilize certain substances from soil, including organic and inorganic pollutants. Amaranth was chosen as a potential candidate for the proposed phytoremediation project in Chinandega region, Nicaragua, an area that was heavily used for cotton production in the last century, and is now characterised as having high levels of soil pollution, Cd being one of the most common one. The aspects such as opportunities and limitations for the designing of such a project, as well as its contribution to the sustainable development of the region were examined in this thesis. To further support the investigation, the laboratory experiment was performed to study the uptake rate of Cd by amaranth in a greenhouse conditions. The results of the study show that the main opportunities for the design of this project would be the possibility of combining the cleaning of soil with co-benefits such as producing food and energy, as well as additional removal of organic pollutants. The main limitations would be the lack of initial data about the pollution, and possible economic losses due to inability of using amaranth for food. The implementation of this project in real life would mean a support of sustainable development of the Chinandega region on many levels, including social, environmental and economic benefits. The results of the laboratory pot experiment are yet to be included in the study, as the experiment still continues.

2017-10-30

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Plevrakis, Viktor. "Comparison of risk assessment methods for polluted soils in Sweden, Norway and Denmark." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi och kvartärgeologi (INK), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-109376.

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Land contamination is an acknowledged problem around the world due to its potentially adverse impacts on human health and the environment. Specifically in Europe there are estimated to be 2,500,000 potentially contaminated sites. The risk that contaminated sites pose is investigated by risk assessments. The methods and the models though used in risk assessments, vary both on a national and an international level. In this study, the risk assessment methods and models for polluted soils used in Scandinavia and issued by the Environmental Protection Agencies were compared. The comparison aimed to (i) identify similarities and differences in the risk assessment methodology and risk assessment methods and to (ii) investigate to which extend these differences can impact the results of the models and the implications regarding mitigation measures. The method and model comparison showed that Sweden and Norway have great similarities in assessing risks for contaminated soil. However, there are differences with Denmark on a conceptual level. When a common hypothetical petrol station with 20 soil samples was assessed, the results and the conclusions of the three risk assessments were quite different; the site was seen as posing risk to human health with the Danish model when complied with the quality criteria issued by the Norwegian model. The Swedish risk assessment concluded that the contaminant concentration in 3 out of 20 samples was potentially harmful for the environment but not for human health. The demonstrated divergence of the conclusions of risk assessments has major implications and shows great interest for mainly four groups: Land-owners who may be called to cover the expenses for remedial action. Consultants and companies who perform risk assessments and land remediation. The countries that have to meet national and international environmental goals and can also share/ or cover the cost for remedial action. The people exposed to such environments that could be deemed as potentially harmful by a neighboring country. The study was conducted in collaboration with URS Nordic.

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Howie, Mikaela Gioia Selene. "The Lateral Extent and Spatial Variation of Mercury Exposure in Birds and their Prey Near a Polluted River." W&M ScholarWorks, 2010. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626899.

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Gärtner, Isabell. "Mineral barrier systems for the treatment of metal-polluted water from an alum shale deposit." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-227452.

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Oil and gas were recovered from alum shale (black shale) at Kvarntorp, Närke,during a period of 24 years. One of the remnants of this industry is a 100 m highdeposit with high contents of uranium, arsenic, molybdenum, vanadium and otherelements. Presently the leakage of metals from the deposit into nearby streams israther modest but will most likely accelerate in the near future. One way to preventan uncontrolled leakage of these elements from the deposit into the environmentwould be to install a filter with an effective adsorbent that after saturation could easilybe regenerated and reused. The filter could not only be used to reduce the impact ofmetal leakage to the environment but also to reclaim valuable elements like nickel,vanadium, uranium and molybdenum. Unfortunately such a filter does not existtoday, but there are a wide range of minerals that have high adsorbing capacities andcould serve as filter components in a mineral barrier system. The adsorbingproperties of some natural minerals with respect to selected metals that are abundantin the Kvarntorp deposit are studied in this project. These minerals are bentoniteclay, (burnt clay), unburnt shale (stybb), burnt shale (rödfyr), apatite, peat andbark. In the experiments each sorbent was blended with artificial groundwater and acertain amount of metal stock solution. Samples were taken at five different pH.The results show that the two shale-products stand out from the othersand have the best adsorbing qualities for nickel, copper and zinc. At a pH over 7between 96 and 99% of the metal ions were removed from the solution.Unburned shale especially shows remarkably good results for vanadiumthroughout the tested pH range of 3,4-7,7 between 98 and 99% of the vanadium ionswere removed from the solution. Unburned shale performs best of the testedadsorbents and could probably be used as an adsorbent in a geological barrier butmore research is needed.

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Vosloo, Wallace L. (Wallace Lockwood). "A comparison of the performance of high-voltage insulator materials in a severely polluted coastal environment." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52625.

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Thesis (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The main aim of this research programme was to compare the relative performance of different insulator materials used in South Africa when subjected to a severe marine pollution environment. A test programme and procedure, test facility and instrumentation were established. Some novel instrumentation and monitoring equipment were developed and built specifically for this research programme, supported by data analysing software programs. In order to compare material performance only, all non-material design variables between the test insulators had to be removed (e.g. creepage distance, connecting length, inter-shed spacing, profile, etc.). To achieve this some of the test insulators had to be specially manufactured. Leakage current, electrical discharge activity, climatic and environmental data was collected successfully over a one-year test period, starting with new test insulators. The peak and energy values of the leakage current were identified as the two main parameters needed to describe the leakage current activity on the test insulators. A correlation was found between the climatic and environmental data and the leakage current data, and it was found that the leakage current can be determined successfully from some of the climatic and environmental parameters monitored by using multiple regression techniques. Surface conductivity and energy were found to be the best parameters to show the maximum and continuous interaction of the insulator material surface with the electrolytic pollution layer. A natural ageing and pollution test procedure was developed, which has become a South African standard and is gaining international acceptance. A model and hypothesis are proposed to describe the electrical discharge activity that takes place on the test insulators and explain the difference in leakage current performance of the various materials. Keywords: Insulator, Pollution, High Voltage, Leakage current, Material performance.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die hoofdoel van hierdie navorsingsprogram was om die relatiewe prestasie van verskillende isolatormateriale wat in Suid-Afrika gebruik word te vergelyk in 'n swaar besoedelde marine omgewing. 'n Toetsprogram en prosedure, toets fasiliteit en instrumentasie is gevestig. 'n Paar nuwe instrumente en moniteer toerusting is ontwikkel en gebou spesifiek vir hierdie navorsingsprogram, gesteun deur data analise sagteware programme. Ten einde slegs materiaalprestasie te vergelyk, moes alle nie-materiaal ontwerpsveranderlikes tussen die toetsisolators verwyder word (bv. kruipafstand, konnekteer lengte, tussen-skerm spasiëring, profiel, ens.). Om dit reg te kry moes sommige van die toetsisolators spesiaal vervaardig word. Lekstroom, elektriese ontladingsaktiwiteit, klimaat en omgewingsdata is suksesvol versameloor 'n een-jaar toetsperiode, beginnende met nuwe toets isolators. Die piek en energie waardes van die lekstroom is identifiseer as die twee hoof parameters wat nodig is om die lekstroomaktiwiteit op die toetsisolators te beskryf. 'n Korrelasie is gevind tussen die klimaat- en omgewingsdata en die lekstroom data, en dit is gevind dat die lekstroom data suksesvol bepaal kan word van sekere van die klimaat- en omgewingsparameters wat gemoniteer is deur veelvoudige regressie tegnieke te gebruik. Oppervlakskonduktiwiteit en energie is gevind die beste parameters te wees om die maksimum en kontinue interaksie van die isolatormateriaaloppervlak met die elektrolitiese besoedelingslaag aan te toon. 'n Natuurlike veroudering en besoedeling toetsprosedure is ontwikkel, wat 'n Suid-Afrikaanse standaard geword het en besig is om internastionale aanvaarding te wen. 'n Model en hipotese word voorgestelom die elektriese ontladingsaktiwiteit wat op die toetsisolators plaasvind te beskryf en om die verskil in lekstroomprestasie van die verskeie materiale te verduidelik. S/eufelwoorde: Isolator, Besoedeling, Hoog Spanning, Leek stroom, Materiaal prestasie.

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Книги з теми "Polluted environmental"

Green, Jen. The polluted planet. North Mankato, MN: Chrysalis Education, 2004.

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Moyo, N. A. G. Lake Chivero: A polluted lake. Harare: University of Zimbabwe Publications, 1997.

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Savitz, Jacqueline. Pointless pollution: Preventing polluted runoff and protecting America's coasts. Washington, D.C: Coast Alliance, 1999.

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Clear body, clear mind: How to be healthy in a polluted world. London: Unwin, 1990.

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Life forces: Guidelines for a healthy life on a polluted planet. London: New English Library, 1991.

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Polluted science: The EPA's campaign to expand clean air regulations. Washington, D.C: AEI Press, 1997.

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Polluted science: The EPA's campaign to expand clean air regulations. Washington, D.C: AEI Press, 1997.

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Visit sunny Chernobyl: And other adventures in the world's most polluted places. Emmaus, Pa: Rodale, 2012.

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Irene, Angulo Aguado, ed. Polluted & dangerous: America's worst abandoned properties and what can be done about them. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont Press, 2008.

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Innes, J. L., and J. Oleksyn, eds. Forest dynamics in heavily polluted regions. Report No. 1 of the IUFRO Task Force on Environmental Change. Wallingford: CABI, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9780851993768.0000.

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Частини книг з теми "Polluted environmental"

Baan, P. J. A. "Research on Polluted Sediment." In Environmental Technology, 568–76. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3663-8_69.

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Villaseñor Camacho, José. "Electrobioremediation of Polluted Soils." In Environmental Pollution, 297–313. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68140-1_12.

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Ibanez, Jorge G., Margarita Hernandez-Esparza, Carmen Doria-Serrano, Arturo Fregoso-Infante, and Mono Mohan Singh. "Electrochemical Treatment of Polluted Soils." In Environmental Chemistry, 147–53. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-49493-7_14.

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Rao, V. C., and J. L. Melnick. "Human enteric viruses in polluted water." In Environmental Virology, 10–17. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9761-2_2.

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Díez, Aida María, María Ángeles Sanromán, and Marta Pazos. "Fenton Processes for Remediation of Polluted Soils." In Environmental Pollution, 167–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68140-1_8.

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Bahnemann, Detlef. "Photocatalytic Detoxification of Polluted Waters." In The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, 285–351. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69044-3_11.

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Urlings, L. G. C. M., A. T. Blonk, J. A. Woelders, and P. R. Massink. "In Situ Remedial Action of Cadmium Polluted Soil." In Environmental Technology, 539–48. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3663-8_66.

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Thielebeule, U., and Christel Hülße. "Dispositions Prophylaxis for Children from Air Polluted Areas." In Environmental Hygiene, 187–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73766-4_40.

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Prasher, Parteek, Harish Mudila, and Mousmee Sharma. "Biosorption and Bioaccumulation of Pollutants for Environmental Remediation." In Microbial Rejuvenation of Polluted Environment, 379–405. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7455-9_15.

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Vocciante, Marco, and Sergio Ferro. "Electrokinetic Remediation of Soil Polluted with Inorganic Ionic Species." In Environmental Pollution, 133–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68140-1_7.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Polluted environmental"

Badalians Gholikandi, G., M. Sadrzadeh Ardebili, R. Riahi, and H. R. Orumieh. "Arsenic polluted groundwater: epidemiological study and efficient removal method." In ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RISK 2009. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ehr090131.

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Hernández, A. J., M. J. Gutiérrez-Ginés, and J. Pastor. "Ecology and health in risk analysis of polluted soils." In ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RISK 2009. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ehr090251.

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Nanda, A., and A. Zarina. "Studies on antagonistic effect of streptomyces species collected from polluted and non polluted environment." In 2011 International Conference on Green Technology and Environmental Conservation (GTEC 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gtec.2011.6167649.

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Vilniškis, Rokas, and Rasa Vaiškūnaitė. "Research and Evaluation of the Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Polluted Wooden Railway Sleepers." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.060.

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Wooden railway sleepers are impregnated with the chemicals that prevent the disassembling of the wood splitter. Such chemical wood impregnator as creosote or shale oil have been widely used to prolong the lifetime of wooden railway sleepers, protecting them from the negative microorganisms and atmospheric effects. These substances are based on aromatic hydrocarbons (powerful carcinogens), phenolic compounds, heterocyclic nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur compounds. Lithuania formes over 30,000 pieces of wooden sleepers improper for use annually. Based on the existing environmental legislation, used wooden railway sleepers can not be burned anywehere else except hazardous waste inceneration facilities or can not be buried because of their negative impact on the environment and human health, therefore, this unsuitable wooden sleepers are only stored in their collection or storage areas and they are a major threat to the environment. The aim of this articel is to study how the wooden railway sleepers stored in Vilnius city (Lithuania) are contaminated with the aromatic hydrocarbons using the gas chromatography. Wooden railway sleepers were sampled and prepared for chemical analysis.

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Yakymchuk, N. A., S. P. Levashov, I. N. Korchagin, and J. M. Pyschaniy. "Oil Polluted Zones Mapping by Geoelectric Methods." In Near Surface 2004 - 10th EAGE European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.10.p002.

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de Fouquet, Chantal, Yves Benoit, Claire Carpentier, and Bruno Fricaudet. "Uncertainties on the Extension of a Polluted Zone." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59198.

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Data collected during the sampling of polluted sites are mainly used - through an exploratory and variographic analysis, to characterize to characterize the concentration level and the spatial variability; - at fixed support, to estimate the concentrations in order to map the pollution. Kriging gives also the standard deviation of the estimation error, making it possible to delimit the zones in which the estimation is considered to lack in precision. If a proportional effect is present the map of error standard deviation has to be corrected to take into account the increase of spatial variability with the local concentration mean.

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Li Wang, Wen ke Wang, Yong an Xu, and Yong-Tao Li. "Experiment study on multiphase flow of LNAPL polluted soil." In 2011 International Symposium on Water Resource and Environmental Protection (ISWREP). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iswrep.2011.5893621.

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Liu, Bo, Ming Sheng, Guoxiang Wang, Du Xu, and Dezhi Yan. "Ammonia volatilization of heavily polluted rivers under simulated aeration." In International Conference on Civil, Transportation and Environmental Engineering (CTEE 12). Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ctee120731.

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Paliulis, Dainius, and Jovita Bubėnaitė. "Effect of pH for lead removal from polluted water applying peat." In The 9th International Conference "Environmental Engineering 2014". Vilnius, Lithuania: Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Press “Technika” 2014, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2014.042.

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"EDTA-assisted Phytoextraction of Lead from Artificially Polluted Soil by Sunflower Plants." In International Institute of Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering. International Institute of Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/iicbe.c0615049.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Polluted environmental"

Burns, F. Cancer risk for radon exposure in a polluted environment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5415086.

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Fullerton, Don, and Seng-Su Tsang. Environmental Costs Paid by the Polluter or the Beneficiary? The Case of CERCLA and Superfund. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w4418.

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Minz, Dror, Stefan J. Green, Noa Sela, Yitzhak Hadar, Janet Jansson, and Steven Lindow. Soil and rhizosphere microbiome response to treated waste water irrigation. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7598153.bard.

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Research objectives : Identify genetic potential and community structure of soil and rhizosphere microbial community structure as affected by treated wastewater (TWW) irrigation. This objective was achieved through the examination soil and rhizosphere microbial communities of plants irrigated with fresh water (FW) and TWW. Genomic DNA extracted from soil and rhizosphere samples (Minz laboratory) was processed for DNA-based shotgun metagenome sequencing (Green laboratory). High-throughput bioinformatics was performed to compare both taxonomic and functional gene (and pathway) differences between sample types (treatment and location). Identify metabolic pathways induced or repressed by TWW irrigation. To accomplish this objective, shotgun metatranscriptome (RNA-based) sequencing was performed. Expressed genes and pathways were compared to identify significantly differentially expressed features between rhizosphere communities of plants irrigated with FW and TWW. Identify microbial gene functions and pathways affected by TWW irrigation*. To accomplish this objective, we will perform a metaproteome comparison between rhizosphere communities of plants irrigated with FW and TWW and selected soil microbial activities. Integration and evaluation of microbial community function in relation to its structure and genetic potential, and to infer the in situ physiology and function of microbial communities in soil and rhizospere under FW and TWW irrigation regimes. This objective is ongoing due to the need for extensive bioinformatics analysis. As a result of the capabilities of the new PI, we have also been characterizing the transcriptome of the plant roots as affected by the TWW irrigation and comparing the function of the plants to that of the microbiome. *This original objective was not achieved in the course of this study due to technical issues, especially the need to replace the American PIs during the project. However, the fact we were able to analyze more than one plant system as a result of the abilities of the new American PI strengthened the power of the conclusions derived from studies for the 1ˢᵗ and 2ⁿᵈ objectives. Background: As the world population grows, more urban waste is discharged to the environment, and fresh water sources are being polluted. Developing and industrial countries are increasing the use of wastewater and treated wastewater (TWW) for agriculture practice, thus turning the waste product into a valuable resource. Wastewater supplies a year- round reliable source of nutrient-rich water. Despite continuing enhancements in TWW quality, TWW irrigation can still result in unexplained and undesirable effects on crops. In part, these undesirable effects may be attributed to, among other factors, to the effects of TWW on the plant microbiome. Previous studies, including our own, have presented the TWW effect on soil microbial activity and community composition. To the best of our knowledge, however, no comprehensive study yet has been conducted on the microbial population associated BARD Report - Project 4662 Page 2 of 16 BARD Report - Project 4662 Page 3 of 16 with plant roots irrigated with TWW – a critical information gap. In this work, we characterize the effect of TWW irrigation on root-associated microbial community structure and function by using the most innovative tools available in analyzing bacterial community- a combination of microbial marker gene amplicon sequencing, microbial shotunmetagenomics (DNA-based total community and gene content characterization), microbial metatranscriptomics (RNA-based total community and gene content characterization), and plant host transcriptome response. At the core of this research, a mesocosm experiment was conducted to study and characterize the effect of TWW irrigation on tomato and lettuce plants. A focus of this study was on the plant roots, their associated microbial communities, and on the functional activities of plant root-associated microbial communities. We have found that TWW irrigation changes both the soil and root microbial community composition, and that the shift in the plant root microbiome associated with different irrigation was as significant as the changes caused by the plant host or soil type. The change in microbial community structure was accompanied by changes in the microbial community-wide functional potential (i.e., gene content of the entire microbial community, as determined through shotgun metagenome sequencing). The relative abundance of many genes was significantly different in TWW irrigated root microbiome relative to FW-irrigated root microbial communities. For example, the relative abundance of genes encoding for transporters increased in TWW-irrigated roots increased relative to FW-irrigated roots. Similarly, the relative abundance of genes linked to potassium efflux, respiratory systems and nitrogen metabolism were elevated in TWW irrigated roots when compared to FW-irrigated roots. The increased relative abundance of denitrifying genes in TWW systems relative FW systems, suggests that TWW-irrigated roots are more anaerobic compare to FW irrigated root. These gene functional data are consistent with geochemical measurements made from these systems. Specifically, the TWW irrigated soils had higher pH, total organic compound (TOC), sodium, potassium and electric conductivity values in comparison to FW soils. Thus, the root microbiome genetic functional potential can be correlated with pH, TOC and EC values and these factors must take part in the shaping the root microbiome. The expressed functions, as found by the metatranscriptome analysis, revealed many genes that increase in TWW-irrigated plant root microbial population relative to those in the FW-irrigated plants. The most substantial (and significant) were sodium-proton antiporters and Na(+)-translocatingNADH-quinoneoxidoreductase (NQR). The latter protein uses the cell respiratory machinery to harness redox force and convert the energy for efflux of sodium. As the roots and their microbiomes are exposed to the same environmental conditions, it was previously hypothesized that understanding the soil and rhizospheremicrobiome response will shed light on natural processes in these niches. This study demonstrate how newly available tools can better define complex processes and their downstream consequences, such as irrigation with water from different qualities, and to identify primary cues sensed by the plant host irrigated with TWW. From an agricultural perspective, many common practices are complicated processes with many ‘moving parts’, and are hard to characterize and predict. Multiple edaphic and microbial factors are involved, and these can react to many environmental cues. These complex systems are in turn affected by plant growth and exudation, and associated features such as irrigation, fertilization and use of pesticides. However, the combination of shotgun metagenomics, microbial shotgun metatranscriptomics, plant transcriptomics, and physical measurement of soil characteristics provides a mechanism for integrating data from highly complex agricultural systems to eventually provide for plant physiological response prediction and monitoring. BARD Report

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