Готові списки джерел за темами / Plasmonic silicon solar cells

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Plasmonic silicon solar cells"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 6 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Plasmonic silicon solar cells"

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WANG, BAOMIN, TONGCHUAN GAO, and PAUL W. LEU. "COMPUTATIONAL SIMULATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURED SOLAR CELLS." Nano LIFE 02, no. 02 (June 2012): 1230007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793984411000517.

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Анотація:
Simulation methods are vital to the development of next-generation solar cells such as plasmonic, organic, nanophotonic, and semiconductor nanostructure solar cells. Simulations are predictive of material properties such that they may be used to rapidly screen new materials and understand the physical mechanisms of enhanced performance. They can be used to guide experiments or to help understand results obtained in experiments. In this paper, we review simulation methods for modeling the classical optical and electronic transport properties of nanostructured solar cells. We discuss different techniques for light trapping with an emphasis on silicon nanostructures and silicon thin films integrated with nanophotonics and plasmonics.
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2

He, Jinna, Chunzhen Fan, Junqiao Wang, Yongguang Cheng, Pei Ding, and Erjun Liang. "Plasmonic Nanostructure for Enhanced Light Absorption in Ultrathin Silicon Solar Cells." Advances in OptoElectronics 2012 (November 5, 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/592754.

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The performances of thin film solar cells are considerably limited by the low light absorption. Plasmonic nanostructures have been introduced in the thin film solar cells as a possible solution around this issue in recent years. Here, we propose a solar cell design, in which an ultrathin Si film covered by a periodic array of Ag strips is placed on a metallic nanograting substrate. The simulation results demonstrate that the designed structure gives rise to 170% light absorption enhancement over the full solar spectrum with respect to the bared Si thin film. The excited multiple resonant modes, including optical waveguide modes within the Si layer, localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of Ag stripes, and surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) arising from the bottom grating, and the coupling effect between LSPR and SPP modes through an optimization of the array periods are considered to contribute to the significant absorption enhancement. This plasmonic solar cell design paves a promising way to increase light absorption for thin film solar cell applications.
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3

Kumawat, Uttam K., Kamal Kumar, Sumakesh Mishra, and Anuj Dhawan. "Plasmonic-enhanced microcrystalline silicon solar cells." Journal of the Optical Society of America B 37, no. 2 (January 29, 2020): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josab.378946.

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4

Singh, Y. Premkumar, Amit Jain, and Avinashi Kapoor. "Localized Surface Plasmons Enhanced Light Transmission into c-Silicon Solar Cells." Journal of Solar Energy 2013 (July 24, 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/584283.

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Анотація:
The paper investigates the light incoupling into c-Si solar cells due to the excitation of localized surface plasmon resonances in periodic metallic nanoparticles by finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique. A significant enhancement of AM1.5G solar radiation transmission has been demonstrated by depositing nanoparticles of various metals on the upper surface of a semi-infinite Si substrate. Plasmonic nanostructures located close to the cell surface can scatter incident light efficiently into the cell. Al nanoparticles were found to be superior to Ag, Cu, and Au nanoparticles due to the improved transmission of light over almost the entire solar spectrum and, thus, can be a potential low-cost plasmonic metal for large-scale implementation of solar cells.
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5

Sabuktagin, Mohammed Shahriar, Khairus Syifa Hamdan, Khaulah Sulaiman, Rozalina Zakaria, and Harith Ahmad. "Long Wavelength Plasmonic Absorption Enhancement in Silicon Using Optical Lithography Compatible Core-Shell-Type Nanowires." International Journal of Photoenergy 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/249476.

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Анотація:
Plasmonic properties of rectangular core-shell type nanowires embedded in thin film silicon solar cell structure were characterized using FDTD simulations. Plasmon resonance of these nanowires showed tunability from nm. However this absorption was significantly smaller than the Ohmic loss in the silver shell due to very low near-bandgap absorption properties of silicon. Prospect of improving enhanced absorption in silicon to Ohmic loss ratio by utilizing dual capability of these nanowires in boosting impurity photovoltaic effect and efficient extraction of the photogenerated carriers was discussed. Our results indicate that high volume fabrication capacity of optical lithography techniques can be utilized for plasmonic absorption enhancement in thin film silicon solar cells over the entire long wavelength range of solar radiation.
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6

Ho, Wen-Jeng, Guan-Yu Chen, and Jheng-Jie Liu. "Enhancing Photovoltaic Performance of Plasmonic Silicon Solar Cells with ITO Nanoparticles Dispersed in SiO2 Anti-Reflective Layer." Materials 12, no. 10 (May 16, 2019): 1614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12101614.

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Анотація:
In this study, we sought to enhance the photovoltaic performance of silicon solar cells by coating them (via the spin-on film technique) with a layer of SiO2 containing plasmonic indium-tin-oxide nanoparticles (ITO-NPs) of various concentrations. We demonstrated that the surface plasmon resonance absorption, surface morphology, and transmittance of the ITO-NPs dispersed in SiO2 layer at various concentrations (1–7 wt%). We also assessed the plasmonic scattering effects of ITO-NPs within a layer of SiO2 with and without a sub-layer of ITO in terms of optical reflectance, external quantum efficiency, and photovoltaic current-voltage under air mass (AM) 1.5G solar simulation. Compared to an uncoated reference silicon solar cell, applying a layer of SiO2 containing 3 wt% ITO-NPs improved efficiency by 17.90%, whereas applying the same layer over a sub-layer of ITO improved efficiency by 33.27%, due to the combined effects of anti-reflection and plasmonic scattering.
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7

Mamykin, S., I. Mamontova, N. Kotova, O. Kondratenko, T. Barlas, V. Romanyuk, P. P. Smertenko, and N. Roshchina. "Nanocomposite solar cells based on organic/inorganic (clonidine/Si) heterojunction with plasmonic Au nanoparticles." Physics and Chemistry of Solid State 21, no. 3 (September 29, 2020): 390–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/pcss.21.3.390-398.

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Анотація:
The peculiarities of optical and electrical properties of organic(clonidine)/inorganic(Si) heterojunction with plasmonic Au nanoparticles have been investigated by reflection spectra, photoelectric and current-voltage characteristics measurements. Porous nanostructured surfaces of silicon wafers were obtained by the method of selective chemical etching initiated by metal (gold) nanoparticles. Nanocomposites based on nanostructured silicon, clonidine and gold nanoparticles have been made. Two types of structure, namely, solar cells and photodiodes on the basis of such heterojunction were analysed. The reflection spectra of light confirmed the excitation of the plasmon mode in nanocomposites with gold nanoparticles. Photoelectric studies have shown an increase of the photocurrent of solar cells obtained as a result of using both nanostructured silicon and gold nanoparticles in 1.5 and 7 times, respectively. Study of the injection properties of the structures showed that the clonidine layer always facilitates the injection of current carriers, while gold nanoparticles limit the current in the case of a flat surface.
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Ho, Wen Jeng, Yi Yu Lee, and Yuan Tsz Chen. "Characterization of Plasmonic Silicon Solar Cells Using Indium Nanoparticles/TiO2 Space Layer Structure." Advanced Materials Research 684 (April 2013): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.684.16.

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Анотація:
We demonstrate experimentally the enhanced performance of the plasmonic silicon solar cell by using a nano-sized indium-particles and different thickness of TiO2 space layer structure. The optical reflectance, dark and photo current-voltage, and external quantum efficiency are measured and compared at each stages of processing. The conversion efficiencies enhancing of 17.78%, 27.5% and of 47.85% are obtained as the solar cell with indium nanoparticles on a 10-nm, a 30-nm and a 59.5-nm thick TiO2 space layer, respectively, compared to the solar cell without coated a TiO2 layer. Furthermore, the plasmonics conversion efficiency depend on the thickness of space layer are also demonstrated that the increasing by 15.46%, 12.1% and 6.08% for the solar cells with a 10-nm, 30-nm and 59.5-nm thick TiO2 space layer, respectively, were obtained.
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9

Gao, Tongchuan, Baomin Wang, and Paul W. Leu. "Plasmonic nanomesh sandwiches for ultrathin film silicon solar cells." Journal of Optics 19, no. 2 (December 30, 2016): 025901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2040-8986/19/2/025901.

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10

Ho, Wen-Jeng, Wei-Chen Lin, Jheng-Jie Liu, Hong-Jhang Syu, and Ching-Fuh Lin. "Enhancing the Performance of Textured Silicon Solar Cells by Combining Up-Conversion with Plasmonic Scattering." Energies 12, no. 21 (October 28, 2019): 4119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12214119.

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Анотація:
This paper experimentally demonstrates the benefits of combining an up-conversion (UC) layer containing Yb/Er-doped yttrium oxide-based phosphors with a plasmonic scattering layer containing indium nanoparticles (In-NPs) in enhancing the photovoltaic performance of textured silicon solar cells. The optical emissions of the Yb/Er-doped phosphors were characterized using photoluminescence measurements obtained at room temperature. Optical microscope images and photo current-voltage curves were used to characterize the UC emissions of Yb/Er-doped phosphors under illumination from a laser diode with a wavelength of 1550 nm. The plasmonic effects of In NPs were assessed in terms of absorbance and Raman scattering. The performance of the textured solar cells was evaluated in terms of optical reflectance, external quantum efficiency, and photovoltaic performance. The analysis was performed on cells with and without a UC layer containing Yb/Er-doped yttrium oxide-based phosphors of various concentrations. The analysis was also performed on cells with a UC layer in conjunction with a plasmonic scattering layer. The absolute conversion efficiency of the textured silicon solar cell with a combination of up-conversion and plasmonic-scattering layers (15.43%) exceeded that of the cell with an up-conversion layer only (14.94%) and that of the reference cell (14.45%).
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Дисертації з теми "Plasmonic silicon solar cells"

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Crudgington, Lee. "High-performance amorphous silicon solar cells with plasmonic light scattering." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2015. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/390381/.

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Анотація:
This research project is focused on the process optimisation and optical enhancement of the hydrogenated amorphous silicon solar cell design, achieved by the incorporation of light scattering plasmonic nano-particles. These treatments consist of a very thin layer of finely tuned silver metal-island films, which preferentially scatter light within a wavelength range tailored to the device absorption characteristic. This serves to increase the optical path length without the need for surface texturing of the semiconductor material. Within this study, the PECVD process is used to explore the parameter space and fabricate silicon thin films with excellent optical and electrical performance, and a P-I-N amorphous silicon device structure is fabricated with a high performance of 6.5% conversion efficiency, 14.04mA/cm2 current density and 0.82V open circuit voltage. The effects of metallic nano-particle arrays is demonstrated by numerical simulation, showing that variations in particle size, shape, position within the structure and surrounding material greatly influence the enhancement of the nano-particles on silicon absorber layers, and that particles positioned at the rear of the device structure adjacent to a back reflector avoid absorption losses which occur below the particle resonance frequency when such structures are positioned at the front surface. It is shown than an improvement in optical absorption of just over 1% is possible using this method. Silicon thin films are fabricated with self-organised nano-particle arrays via means of annealed metal films, positioned at the front or back adjacent to a metallic reflector, and measurements of optical transmittance, reflectance and absorption are taken. The optimum annealing temperature and duration is identified, and it is shown that these variables can greatly affect the absorption of the device stack. To conclude the study, an amorphous silicon P-I-N photovoltaic device is fabricated featuring self-organised nanoparticle arrays within the back reflector, and a modest improvement of energy conversion efficiency is observed with scope for further optimisation and enhancement.
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2

Paetzold, Ulrich W. [Verfasser]. "Light trapping with plasmonic back contacts in thin-film Silicon solar cells / Ulrich Wilhelm Paetzold." Aachen : Hochschulbibliothek der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/103710661X/34.

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3

Morawiec, Seweryn. "Self-assembled Plasmonic Nanostructures for Thin Film Photovoltaics." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/3971.

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Анотація:
The aim of this thesis is to explore the optical properties of localized surface plasmon resonance sustained by self-assembled metallic nanoparticles (NPs) for the light trapping application in thin lm photovoltaics (PV). Photovoltaics is able provide safe and clean electricity of the future, inparticular, thin lms solar cells have a potential to increase the competitiveness of PV through a substantial reduction of the manufacturing cost. However, an essential step it to develop an e cient, reliable and inexpensive light trapping scheme in order to maximize absorption of the near-infrared radiation in the cell and balance the reduced volume of semiconductor material. Recently there is a growing interest in the application of subwavelength metallic NPs for light trapping as they can scatter light e ciently over a broad wavelength range of the solar spectrum, due to the to the phenomena known as localized surface plasmon (LSP) resonance. A systematic study of the correlation between the structural and the optical properties of self-assembled silver nanostructures fabricated on soda-lime glass by a solid-state dewetting (SSD) process, which consist in thermallyinduced morphology transformation from a thin lm to an array of islands or nanoparticles is reported. It is shown that four distinct types of morphology tend to form in speci c ranges of fabrication parameters, which is quantitatively summarized by a proposed structural-phase diagram and allows to identify the fabrication conditions in which preferable, uniformly spaced and circular NPs are obtainable. The optical properties of the NPs stay in qualitative agreement with the trends predicted by Mie theory, and correlate with the surface coverage (SC) distributions and the mean SC size. As a step forward towards the implementation in thin lm photovoltaics, the NPs are incorporated on the rear side of thin silicon fillm in two distinct arrangements, namely superstrate and substrate. In superstrate configration,The coupling e ciency increases with NPs' average size, decreases with increasing distance between silicon, and is signi cantly smaller for spherical than for hemispherical NPs, which stay in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions. A novel procedure, involving a combination of phothermal de ection spectroscopy and fourier transform photocurrent spectroscopy, employed for substrate con guration lms allowed for the quanti cation of useful and parasitic absorption. It is demonstrated that the optical losses in the NPs are insigni cant in the 500-730nm wavelength range, beyond which they increase rapidly with increasing illumination wavelength. Furthermore, a broadband enhancement of 89.9% of useful absorption has been achieved. Susequantly, a successful implementation of a plasmonic light trapping scheme implemented in a thin lm a-Si:H solar cell in plasmonic back re ector (PBR) con guration. The optical properties of the PBRs are systematically investigated according to the morphology of the self-assembled silver nanoparticles (NPs), which can be tuned by the fabrication parameters. By analyzing sets of solar cells built on distinct PBRs, it is shown that the photocurrent enhancement achieved in the a-Si:H light trapping window (600-800 nm) stays in linear relation with the PBRs di use re ection. The best-performing PBRs allow a pronounced broadband photocurrent enhancement in the cells which is attributed not only to the plasmon-assisted light scattering from the NPs but also to the front surface texture originated from the conformal growth of the cell material over the particles. As a result, remarkably high values of Jsc and Voc are achieved in comparison to those previously reported in the literature for the same type of devices. Furthermore an attempt on implementation of the plasmonic light trapping in the industrial a-Si/ c-Si double junction solar cells is reported.
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4

Lükermann, Florian [Verfasser]. "Plasmon supported defect absorption in amorphous silicon thin film solar cells and devices / Florian Lükermann." Bielefeld : Universitaetsbibliothek Bielefeld, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1036112136/34.

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5

Li, Xuanhua, and 李炫华. "Plasmonic-enhanced organic solar cells." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/197526.

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Анотація:
Organic solar cells (OSCs) have recently attracted considerable research interest. However, there is a mismatch between their optical absorption length and charge transport scale. Attempts to optimize both the optical and electrical properties of the photoactive layer of OSCs have inevitably resulted in demands for rationally designed device architecture. Plasmonic nanostructures have recently been introduced into solar cells to achieve highly efficient light harvesting. The remaining challenge is to improve OSC performance using plasmonic nanotechnology, a challenge taken up by the research reported in this thesis. I systematically investigated two types of plasmonic effect: localized plasmonic resonances (LPRs) and surface plasmonic resonances (SPRs). Broadband plasmonic absorption is obviously highly desirable when the LPR effect is adopted in OSCs. Unfortunately, typical nanomaterials possess only a single resonant absorption peak, which inevitably limits the power conversion efficiency (PCE) enhancement to a narrow spectral range. To address this issue, I combined Ag nanomaterials of different shapes, including nanoparticles and nanoprisms. The incorporation of these mixed nanomaterials into the active layer resulted in wide band absorption improvement. My results suggest a new approach to achieving greater overall enhancement through an improvement in broadband absorption. I also explored the SPR effect induced by a metal patterned electrode with two parts. Most reports to date on back reflector realization involve complicated and costly techniques. In this research, however, I adopted a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-nanoimprinted method to produce patterned back electrodes in OSCs directly, which is a very simple and efficient technique for realizing high-performance OSCs in industrial processes. Besides, a remaining challenge is that plasmonic effects are strongly sensitive to light polarization, which limits plasmonic applications in practice. To address this issue, I designed three-dimensional patterns as the back electrode of inverted OSCs, which simultaneously achieved highly efficient and polarization-independent plasmonic OSCs. In addition to investigating the two types of plasmonic effect individually, I also investigated their integrated function by introducing both LPRs and SPRs in one device structure. With the aim of achieving high-performance OSCs, I first demonstrated experimentally a dual metal nanostructure composed of Au nanoparticles (i.e. LPRs) embedded in the active layer and an Ag nanograting electrode (i.e. SPRs) as the back reflectors in inverted OSCs, which can generate a very strong electric field, in a single junction to improve the light absorption of solar cells. As a result, the PCE of the OSC reached 9.1%, making it one of the best-performing OSCs reported to date. In addition, as an important extension, I subsequently achieved tremendous near-field enhancement owing to multiple couplings, including nanoparticle-nanoparticle (LPR-LPR) couplings and nanoparticle-film (LPR-SPR) couplings, by designing a novel nanoparticle-film coupling system through the introduction of ultrathin monolayer graphene as a well-defined sub-nanogap between the Ag nanoparticles and Ag film. The graphene sub-nanogap is the thinnest nanogap (in atomic scale terms) to date, and thus constitutes a promising light-trapping strategy for improving future OSC performance.
published_or_final_version
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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6

Lal, Niraj Narsey. "Enhancing solar cells with plasmonic nanovoids." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/243864.

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Анотація:
This thesis explores the use of plasmonic nanovoids for enhancing the efficiency of thin-film solar cells. Devices are fabricated inside plasmonically resonant nanostructures, demonstrating a new class of plasmonic photovoltaics. Novel cell geometries are developed for both organic and amorphous silicon solar cell materials. An external-quantum efficency rig was set up to allow simultaneous microscope access and micrometer-precision probe-tip control for optoelectronic characterisation of photovoltaic devices. An experimental setup for angle-resolved re ectance was extended to allow broadband illumination from 380 - 1500nm across incident angles 0 - 70 degrees giving detailed access to the energy-momentum dispersion of optical modes within nanostructured materials. A four-fold enhancement of overall power conversion efficiency is observed in organic nanovoid solar cells compared to at solar cells. The efficiency enhancement is shown to be primarily due to strong localised plasmon resonances of the nanovoid geometry, with close agreement observed between experiment and theoretical simulations. Ultrathin amorphous silicon solar cells are fabricated on both nanovoids and randomly textured silver substrates. Angle-resolved re ectance and computational simulations highlight the importance of the spacer layer separating the absorbing and plasmonic materials. A 20% enhancement of cell efficiency is observed for nanovoid solar cells compared to at, but with careful optimisation of the spacer layer, randomly textured silver allows for an even greater enhancement of up to 50% by controlling the coupling to optical modes within the device. The differences between plasmonic enhancement for organic and amorphous silicon solar cells are discussed and the balance of surface plasmon absorption between a semiconductor and a metal is analytically derived for a broad range of solar cell materials, yielding clear design principles for plasmonic enhancement. These principles are used to outline future directions of research for plasmonic photovoltaics.
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7

Cao, Zhixiong. "Silver nanoprisms in plasmonic organic solar cells." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ECDM0015/document.

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Анотація:
On constate une forte demande mondiale d' énergie propre et renouvelable en raison de la consommation rapide des combustibles fossiles non renouvelables et l'effet de serre qui en résulte. Une solution prometteuse pour produire une énergie propre et renouvelable est d'utiliser des cellules solaires pour convertir l' énergie solaire directement en électricité. Comparativement à leurs homologues inorganiques, les cellules solaires organiques (OSCs) sont maintenant intensivement étudiées en raison des avantages tels que le poids léger, la flexibilité, la compatibilité avec les procédés de fabrication à faibles coûts. Malgré ces avantages, l'efficacité de conversion (PCE) des OSCs doit encore être améliorée pour la commercialisation à grande échelle. Les cellules solaires organiques sont réalisées en pile de couches minces comprenant des électrodes, la couche de transport d' électrons, la couche de polymère actif et la couche de transport de trous. Dans cette étude, nous sommes concernés par la couche de PEDOT:PSS qui est couramment utilisée comme une couche tampon entre l'électrode anodique et la couche de polymère actif de cellules solaires organiques. Cette étude vise à intégrer différentes concentrations de nanoprismes (NPSMs) d'argent de taille sub-longueur d'onde dans du PEDOT: PSS afin de profiter de leurs propriétés optiques uniques nées de résonances de plasmons de surface localisées (LSPR) pour améliorer la collecte lumineuse et l'efficacité de génération de charge en optimisant l' absorption et la diffusion de la lumière. Nous avons constaté que les facteurs clés qui contrôlent les performances des cellules solaires plasmoniques comprennent non seulement les propriétés optiques, mais également les propriétés structurelles et électriques des couches hybrides de PEDOT:PSS comprenant des NPSMs d' Ag. D'une part, l'ajout de NPSMs d' Ag conduit ¨¤ (1) une augmentation de l'absorption optique; (2) de la diffusion de la lumière ¨¤ de grands angles ce qui pourrait conduire ¨¤ un meilleur piégeage de la lumière dans les OSCs. D'autre part, (1) la rugosité de surface est augment¨¦e en raison de la formation d'agglomérats de NPSMs d' Ag, ce qui conduit ¨¤ une meilleure efficacité de collecte de charge; (2) la résistance globale des films hybrides est également augment¨¦e en raison de l'excès de PSS introduit par les NPSMs d' Ag incomplètement purifiées, inférieur courant de court-circuit (Jsc) qui en résulte; (3) les Ag NPSMs et leurs agglomérats ¨¤ l'interface PEDOT:PSS/couche photo-active pourraient agir comme des centres de recombinaison, conduisant ¨¤ une réduction de la résistance de shunt, du Jsc et de la tension en circuit ouvert (Voc). Afin de résoudre partiellement l'inconvénient (2) et (3), en intégrant des NPSMs d¡¯Ag davantage purifiés et une petite quantité de glycérol dans le PEDOT:PSS, la résistance des couches hybrides de PEDOT:PSS-Ag-NPSMs peut ¨être réduite à une valeur comparable ou inférieure ¨¤ celles couches vierges. Les futurs progrès en chimie de surface colloïdale et l'optimisation sur le processus d'incorporation des nanoparticules seront nécessaires pour produire des cellules solaires organiques plasmoniques de meilleures performances
Nowadays there has been a strong global demand for renewable and clean energy due to the rapid consumption of non-renewable fossil fuels and the resulting greenhouse effect. One promising solution to harvest clean and renewable energy is to utilize solar cells to convert the energy of sunlight directly into electricity. Compared to their inorganic counterparts, organic solar cells (OSCs) are now of intensive research interest due to advantages such as light weight, flexibility, the compatibility to low-cost manufacturing processes. Despite these advantages, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of OSCs still has to be improved for large-scale commercialization. OSCs are made of thin film stacks comprising electrodes, electron transporting layer, active polymer layer and hole transporting layer. In this study, we are concerned with PEDOT:PSS layer which is commonly used as a buffer layer between the anodic electrode and the organic photoactive layer of the OSC thin film stack. We incorporated different concentrations of silver nanoprisms (NPSMs) of sub-wavelength dimension into PEDOT:PSS. The purpose is to take advantage of the unique optical properties of Ag MPSMs arisen from localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) to enhance the light harvest and the charge generation efficiency by optimizing absorption and scattering of light in OSCs. We found that the key factors controlling the device performance of plasmonic solar cells include not only the optical properties but also the structural and electrical properties of the resulting hybrid PEDOT:PSS-Ag-NPSM-films. On one hand, the addition of Ag NPSMs led to (1) an increased optical absorption; (2) light scattering at high angles which could possibly lead to more efficient light harvest in OSCs. On the other hand, the following results have been found in the hybrid films: (1) the surface roughness was found to be increased due to the formation of Ag agglomerates, leading to increased charge collection efficiency; (2) the global sheet resistance of the hybrid films also increases due to the excess poly(sodium styrenesulphonate) introduced by incompletely purified Ag NPSMs, resulting in lower short circuit current (Jsc); (3) the Ag nanoprisms and their agglomerates at the PEDOT:PSS/photoactive layer interface could act as recombination centers, leading to reductions in shunt resistance, Jsc and open circuit voltage (Voc). In order to partially counteract the disadvantage (2) and (3), by incorporating further purified Ag NPSMs and/or a small amount of glycerol into PEDOT:PSS, the sheet resistance of hybrid PEDOT:PSS-Ag-NPSM-films was reduced to a resistance value comparable to or lower than that of pristine film
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Søiland, Anne Karin. "Silicon for Solar Cells." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Materials Technology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-565.

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Анотація:

This thesis work consists of two parts, each with a different motivation. Part II is the main part and was partly conducted in industry, at ScanWafer ASA’s plant no.2 in Glomfjord.

The large growth in the Photo Voltaic industry necessitates a dedicated feedstock for this industry, a socalled Solar Grade (SoG) feedstock, since the currently used feedstock rejects from the electronic industry can not cover the demand. Part I of this work was motivated by this urge for a SoG- feedstock. It was a cooperation with the Sintef Materials and Chemistry group, where the aim was to study the kinetics of the removal reactions for dissolved carbon and boron in a silicon melt by oxidative gas treatment. The main focus was on carbon, since boron may be removed by other means. A plasma arc was employed in combination with inductive heating. The project was, however, closed after only two experiments. The main observations from these two experiments were a significant boron removal, and the formation of a silica layer on the melt surface when the oxygen content in the gas was increased from 2 to 4 vol%. This silica layer inhibited further reactions.

Multi-crystalline (mc) silicon produced by directional solidification constitutes a large part of the solar cell market today. Other techniques are emerging/developing and to keep its position in the market it is important to stay competitive. Therefore increasing the knowledge on the material produced is necessary. Gaining knowledge also on phenomenas occurring during the crystallisation process can give a better process control.

Part II of this work was motivated by the industry reporting high inclusion contents in certain areas of the material. The aim of the work was to increase the knowledge of inclusion formation in this system. The experimental work was divided into three different parts;

1) Inclusion study

2) Extraction of melt samples during crystallisation, these were to be analysed for carbon- and nitrogen. Giving thus information of the contents in the liquid phase during soldification.

3) Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)-measurements of the substitutional carbon contents in wafers taken from similar height positions as the melt samples. Giving thus information of the dissolved carbon content in the solid phase.

The inclusion study showed that the large inclusions found in this material are β-SiC and β-Si3N4. They appear in particularly high quantities in the top-cuts. The nitrides grow into larger networks, while the carbide particles tend to grow on the nitrides. The latter seem to act as nucleating centers for carbide precipitation. The main part of inclusions in the topcuts lie in the size range from 100- 1000 µm in diameter when measured by the Coulter laser diffraction method.

A method for sampling of the melt during crystallisation under reduced pressure was developed, giving thus the possibility of indicating the bulk concentration in the melt of carbon and nitrogen. The initial carbon concentration was measured to ~30 and 40 ppm mass when recycled material was employed in the charge and ~ 20 ppm mass when no recycled material was added. Since the melt temperature at this initial stage is ~1500 °C these carbon levels are below the solubility limit. The carbon profiles increase with increasing fraction solidified. For two profiles there is a tendency of decreasing contents at high fraction solidified.

For nitrogen the initial contents were 10, 12 and 44 ppm mass. The nitrogen contents tend to decrease with increasing fraction solidified. The surface temperature also decreases with increasing fraction solidified. Indicating that the melt is saturated with nitrogen already at the initial stage. The proposed mechanism of formation is by dissolution of coating particles, giving a saturated melt, where β-Si3N4 precipitates when cooling. Supporting this mechanism are the findings of smaller nitride particles at low fraction solidified, that the precipitated phase are β-particles, and the decreasing nitrogen contents with increasing fraction solidified.

The carbon profile for the solid phase goes through a maximum value appearing at a fraction solidified from 0.4 to 0.7. The profiles flatten out after the peak and attains a value of ~ 8 ppma. This drop in carbon content is associated with a precipitation of silicon carbide. It is suggested that the precipitation of silicon carbide occurs after a build-up of carbon in the solute boundary layer.

FTIR-measurements for substitutional carbon and interstitial oxygen were initiated at the institute as a part of the work. A round robin test was conducted, with the Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN) and the University of Milano-Bicocci (UniMiB) as the participants. The measurements were controlled against Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer analyses. For oxygen the results showed a good correspondence between the FTIR-measurements and the SIMS. For carbon the SIMS-measurements were significantly lower than the FTIR-measurements. This is probably due to the low resistivity of the samples (~1 Ω cm), giving free carrier absorption and an overestimation of the carbon content.

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9

Essner, Jeremy. "Dye sensitized solar cells: optimization of Grätzel solar cells towards plasmonic enhanced photovoltaics." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/12416.

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Анотація:
Master of Science
Department of Chemistry
Jun Li
With the worldly consumption of energy continually increasing and the main source of this energy, fossil fuels, slowly being depleted, the need for alternate sources of energy is becoming more and more pertinent. One promising approach for an alternate method of producing energy is using solar cells to convert sunlight into electrical energy through photovoltaic processes. Currently, the most widely commercialized solar cell is based on a single p-n junction with silicon. Silicon solar cells are able to obtain high efficiencies but the downfall is, in order to achieve this performance, expensive fabrication techniques and high purity materials must be employed. An encouraging cheaper alternative to silicon solar cells is the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) which is based on a wide band gap semiconductor sensitized with a visible light absorbing species. While DSSCs are less expensive, their efficiencies are still quite low compared to silicon. In this thesis, Grätzel cells (DSSCs based on TiO2 NPs) were fabricated and optimized to establish a reliable standard for further improvement. Optimized single layer GSCs and double layer GSCs showing efficiencies >4% and efficiencies of ~6%, respectively, were obtained. Recently, the incorporation of metallic nanoparticles into silicon solar cells has shown improved efficiency and lowered material cost. By utilizing their plasmonic properties, incident light can be scattered, concentrated, or trapped thereby increasing the effective path length of the cell and allowing the physical thickness of the cell to be reduced. This concept can also be applied to DSSCs, which are cheaper and easier to fabricate than Si based solar cells but are limited by lower efficiency. By incorporating 20 nm diameter Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) into DSSCs at the FTO/TiO2 interface as sub wavelength antennae, average photocurrent enhancements of 14% (maximum up to ~32%) and average efficiency enhancements of 13% (maximum up to ~23% ) were achieved with well dispersed, low surface coverages of nanoparticles. However the Au nanoparticle solar cell (AuNPSC) performance is very sensitive to the surface coverage, the extent of nanoparticle aggregation, and the electrolyte employed, all of which can lead to detrimental effects (decreased performances) on the devices.
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10

Uprety, Prakash. "Plasmonic Enhancement in PbS Quantum Dot Solar Cells." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1403022047.

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Книги з теми "Plasmonic silicon solar cells"

1

Wilfried G. J. H. M. Sark. Physics and Technology of Amorphous-Crystalline Heterostructure Silicon Solar Cells. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2011.

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2

Wu, Bo, Nripan Mathews, and Tze-Chien Sum. Plasmonic Organic Solar Cells. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2021-6.

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3

Zaidi, Saleem Hussain. Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73379-7.

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4

Goetzberger, Adolf, Joachim Knobloch, and Bernhard Voß. Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119033769.

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5

Takahashi, K. Amorphous silicon solar cells. London: North Oxford Academic, 1986.

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6

Crystalline silicon solar cells. Chichester: Wiley, 1998.

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7

Hann, Geoff. Amorphous silicon solar cells. East Perth, W.A: Minerals and Energy Research Institute of Western Australia, 1997.

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8

Amorphous silicon solar cells. New York: Wiley, 1986.

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9

Fahrner, Wolfgang Rainer, ed. Amorphous Silicon / Crystalline Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37039-7.

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10

Fahrner, Wolfgang Rainer. Amorphous Silicon / Crystalline Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.

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Частини книг з теми "Plasmonic silicon solar cells"

1

Pudasaini, Pushpa Raj, and Arturo A. Ayon. "Design Guidelines for High Efficiency Plasmonics Silicon Solar Cells." In High-Efficiency Solar Cells, 497–514. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01988-8_16.

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2

Khanna, Vinod Kumar. "Plasmonic-Enhanced Solar Cells." In Nano-Structured Photovoltaics, 107–33. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003215158-7.

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3

Zweibel, Ken. "Silicon Cells." In Harnessing Solar Power, 101–11. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6110-5_6.

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4

Zweibel, Ken. "Silicon Cells." In Harnessing Solar Power, 113–27. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6110-5_7.

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5

Wu, Bo, Nripan Mathews, and Tze-Chien Sum. "Introduction." In Plasmonic Organic Solar Cells, 1–23. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2021-6_1.

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6

Wu, Bo, Nripan Mathews, and Tze-Chien Sum. "Surface Plasmon Resonance." In Plasmonic Organic Solar Cells, 25–31. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2021-6_2.

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7

Wu, Bo, Nripan Mathews, and Tze-Chien Sum. "Characterization Plasmonic Organic Photovoltaic Devices." In Plasmonic Organic Solar Cells, 33–46. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2021-6_3.

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8

Wu, Bo, Nripan Mathews, and Tze-Chien Sum. "Plasmonic Entities within the Charge Transporting Layer." In Plasmonic Organic Solar Cells, 47–80. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2021-6_4.

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9

Wu, Bo, Nripan Mathews, and Tze-Chien Sum. "Plasmonic Entities within the Active Layer." In Plasmonic Organic Solar Cells, 81–100. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2021-6_5.

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10

Wu, Bo, Nripan Mathews, and Tze-Chien Sum. "Concluding Remarks." In Plasmonic Organic Solar Cells, 101–6. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2021-6_6.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Plasmonic silicon solar cells"

1

Hejazi, F., S. Y. Ding, Y. Sun, A. Bottomley, A. Ianoul, and W. N. Ye. "Design of plasmonic enhanced silicon-based solar cells." In Photonics North 2012, edited by Jean-Claude Kieffer. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2006549.

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2

Shahin, Shiva, Palash Gangopadhyay, and Robert A. Norwood. "Efficiency Improvement in Ultrathin Plasmonic Organic Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells." In Integrated Photonics Research, Silicon and Nanophotonics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/iprsn.2012.iw2c.2.

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3

Imam, Muzaffar, Syed Sadique Anwer Askari, Manoj Kumar, Tauseef Ahmed, and Mukul Kumar Das. "Plasmonic Effect on Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cell for Light Absorption Enhancement." In JSAP-OSA Joint Symposia. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/jsap.2019.18a_e208_7.

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In the recent year, plasmonic effect in thin films by using metal nanoparticles, for enhancement of light trapping is considerably important among the researchers. Light trapping enhancement is a huge challenge in the thin film solar cell because of its limited thickness. Effective Light trapping can enhance the conversion efficiency up to 2-3% of the solar cell [1]. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is used for enhancement of light trapping in solar cell by interacting conduction electrons of metal nanoparticles to the incident photons [2].
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4

DeVault, C., U. Guler, G. V. Naik, V. Shalaev, A. Boltasseva, and A. V. Kildishev. "Plasmonic Metal Nitrides for Thin-Film Silicon Solar Cells." In Freeform Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/freeform.2013.jm3a.3.

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5

Jovanov, Vladislav, Rahul Dewan, Ujwol Palanchoke, and Dietmar Knipp. "Plasmonic effects in microcrystalline silicon thin-film solar cells." In 2011 IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pho.2011.6110803.

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6

Kumawat, Uttam K., Akanksha Ninawe, Kamal Kumar, and Anuj Dhawan. "Plasmonic nanostructures for enhanced performance of microcrystalline silicon solar cells." In Physics, Simulation, and Photonic Engineering of Photovoltaic Devices IX, edited by Alexandre Freundlich, Masakazu Sugiyama, and Stéphane Collin. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2546804.

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7

Jia, Zhenhui, Changhong Liu, and Ben Q. Li. "Nanoparticle-Enhanced Plasmonic Light Absorption in Thin-Film Silicon Solar Cells." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-36182.

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In this paper, numerical simulations are performed for different configurations of plasmonic and dielectric scatters for the purpose of enhancing light absorption in Si solar cells. The numerical model is developed on the basis of FDTD solution of the transient Maxwell equations. Results show that for Ag nanoparticles, the optimal light absorption is achieved with a particle radius of 75 nm and particle spacing of 3r to 5r. For dielectric SiO2 nanoparticles, a closely packed configuration with particle size of 50 nm in radius yields the optimal light absorption. The enhancement for both optimal cases is similar, measured by the short currents. Simulations with SiO2 nanoparticles embedded into Si at various different positions were conducted and results suggest that when the SiO2 particle buried half-way into the Si substrate, the light absorption enhancement is better than that with the particles placed at the top or embedded completely inside the Si layer. Analysis of a new design, with Ag atop the surface of and SiO2 inside the Si layer, was also performed. The results suggest that such a combined configuration produces the best light absorption enhancement among all those studied, achieving an 80% improvement compared with bare thin film.
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8

Paetzold, U. W., E. Moulin, B. E. Pieters, U. Rau, and R. Carius. "Optical simulations and prototyping of microcrystalline silicon solar cells with integrated plasmonic reflection grating back contacts." In SPIE Solar Energy + Technology, edited by Loucas Tsakalakos. SPIE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.893749.

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9

Askari, Syed Sadique Anwer, Manoj Kumar, Muzaffar Imam, Tauseef Ahmed, and Mukul Kumar Das. "Performance analysis of Plasmonic based ZnO/Silicon Thin-Film Heterojunction Solar cell." In JSAP-OSA Joint Symposia. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/jsap.2018.19a_211b_8.

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Silicon based heterojunction solar cells have gained popularity in the market recently because such structure with c-Si as absorber layer can have the power conversion efficiency me than 25% [1]. Several efforts has been made to reduce the cost by curtailing process steps e.g., by using ZnO as both emitter and anti-reflector layers. But the experimentally reported efficiency of ZnO/p-Si solar cells is somewhat below the theoretically predicted values.
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10

Veenkamp, R., S. Ding, I. Smith, and W. N. Ye. "Silicon solar cell enhancement by plasmonic silver nanocubes." In SPIE OPTO, edited by Alexandre Freundlich and Jean-François Guillemoles. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2038649.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Plasmonic silicon solar cells"

1

Hall, R. B., C. Bacon, V. DiReda, D. H. Ford, A. E. Ingram, J. Cotter, T. Hughes-Lampros, J. A. Rand, T. R. Ruffins, and A. M. Barnett. Thin silicon solar cells. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10121623.

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2

Sinton, R. A., A. Cuevas, R. R. King, and R. M. Swanson. High-efficiency concentrator silicon solar cells. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6343818.

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3

McGehee, Michael. Perovskite on Silicon Tandem Solar Cells. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1830219.

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4

Black, Marcie. Intermediate Bandgap Solar Cells From Nanostructured Silicon. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1163091.

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5

Black, Marcie. Intermediate Bandgap Solar Cells From Nanostructured Silicon. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1163251.

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6

Haney, R. E., A. Neugroschel, K. Misiakos, and F. A. Lindholm. Frequency-domain transient analysis of silicon solar cells. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6346849.

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7

Rohatgi, A., A. W. Smith, and J. Salami. Modelling and fabrication of high-efficiency silicon solar cells. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10104501.

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8

Hall, R. B., C. Bacon, V. DiReda, D. H. Ford, A. E. Ingram, S. M. Lampo, J. A. Rand, T. R. Ruffins, and A. M. Barnett. Silicon-film{trademark} on ceramic solar cells. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10135001.

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9

Rand, J. A., A. M. Barnett, and J. C. Checchi. Large-area Silicon-Film{trademark} panels and solar cells. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/453487.

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10

Albright, C. E., and D. O. Holte. Diffusion welding of electrical interconnects to silicon solar cells. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6300204.

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