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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Plantations"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 1 серпня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Plantations"

Degnet, Mohammed B., Edwin van der Werf, Verina Ingram, and Justus H. H. Wesseler. "Do Locals Have a Say? Community Experiences of Participation in Governing Forest Plantations in Tanzania." Forests 11, no. 7 (July 20, 2020): 782. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11070782.

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As large-scale forest plantations expand in developing countries, concerns are rising about their relation to and integration with adjacent local communities. In developing countries with weak enforcement of property rights, private plantations are more likely than state-owned plantations to involve villagers in plantation’s activities in order to secure and guarantee their access to land and labor resources. Certification standards of the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) and adherence to responsible investment guidelines further strengthen this likelihood by requiring plantations to consult and engage local communities. Using household data from Tanzania, we assess households’ experiences with their participation in plantation activities by comparing the experiences of households in villages adjacent to private, FSC-certified plantations with those of households in villages adjacent to a non-certified, state-owned plantation. Our quantitative analyses show that households in the villages adjacent to the private, certified plantations are more likely to report to participate in plantation activities. Our results show that the certified plantations are more likely to respond to community complaints and grievances. We further find that male-headed households and households of plantation employees are more likely than female-headed households and households without plantation employees to participate in plantations’ activities. Our results imply that forest management certification can complement state policy approaches of sustainable forest management to enhance community participation in forest management.

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Setiawan, D., A. Nugraha, Muliani, D. Radiansah, and N. O. Syamsiah. "Analysis of Local Forage and Income Over Feed Cost Under Ruminant and Palm Plantation Integrated System (SISKA) in West Kalimantan." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1341, no. 1 (May 1, 2024): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1341/1/012027.

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Abstract Inter-plant forage found in oil palm plantations is a potential feed for ruminants. For this reason, special attention is needed to the availability and quality of the forage. The purpose of this study was to provide information on the potential of local forages in oil palm plantations in terms of the availability of forage types, botanical composition and income over feed cost. Data collection was carried out at smallholder oil palm plantations in Sengah Temila Sub-district, Landak Regency and company oil palm plantations in Kapuas Sub-district, Sanggau Regency, West Kalimantan Province, starting from March to May 2023. The research was conducted using a survey in the form of interviews using questionnaires and field observations. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, linear model analysis and Duncan’s further test. The research results obtained 32 types of forage in the smallholder oil palm plantation area and 22 types of forage in the company’s oil palm plantation area. The botanical composition of forage in smallholder oil palm plantations is dominated by Paspalum conjugatum, while in corporate oil palm plantations, the botanical composition is dominated by Axonopus compressus. Smallholder oil palm plantation land was also dominated by Paspalum conjugatum Berg with an Important Value Index (IVI) value of 49.33%. In contrast, the company’s oil palm plantation’s land was dominated by Axonopus compressus, which mostly covered the land surface with an IVI value of 40.47%. The IOFC value of smallholder oil palm plantations is lower than company oil palm plantations. Smallholder oil palm plantations and company oil palm plantations in West Kalimantan have the potential to be developed as forage based on forage types, botanical composition and IOFC values, which are still profitable in both research locations.

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Ahmad, Mustaqeem, Indu Choudhary, Vikrant Jaryant, and Sanjay Uniyal. "Vegetation and Soil Characteristics of Plantations in a Part of Western Himalaya." Indian Journal of Forestry 37, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2014-0s3e31.

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Recognizing the role of plantations in bioresource conservation, four plantations namely Department of Non-renewable Energy Sources (DNES), Eucalyptus, Rose, and Tea were surveyed and sampled in a part of Western Himalaya. Total of 96 plant species belonging to 52 families were recorded from the plantations. Poaceae, Asteraceae and Rosaceae were the dominant families while seven species namely Bidens pilosa, Clinopodium vulgare, Erigeron annuus, Euphorbia heterophylla, Eupatorium adenophorum, Oxalis corniculata, and Pouzolzia zeylanica were common to all the plantations. Maximum tree density was recorded in DNES plantation (36.63±28.10/100m2), while maximum shrub density was in Tea plantation (20.50±2.10/25 m2). Rose plantation, on the other hand, had the highest herb density (210.83±57.30/m2). Tree (2.547) and shrub diversity (2.382) was highest in DNES, while the herb diversity was highest (2.594) in Tea plantation. The pH of the soil from these plantations 4.37 in Tea plantation to 4.77 in Rose plantation. Amongst the four plantations, maximum similarity was between DNES and Eucalyptus plantations (22%) and added together the four plantations account for 3% of the Flora of Himachal Pradesh.

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Chen, Bangqian, Xiangming Xiao, Zhixiang Wu, Tin Yun, Weili Kou, Huichun Ye, Qinghuo Lin, et al. "Identifying Establishment Year and Pre-Conversion Land Cover of Rubber Plantations on Hainan Island, China Using Landsat Data during 1987–2015." Remote Sensing 10, no. 8 (August 7, 2018): 1240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10081240.

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Knowing the stand age of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) plantations is vitally important for best management practices, estimations of rubber latex yields, and carbon cycle studies (e.g., biomass, carbon pools, and fluxes). However, the stand age (as estimated from the establishment year of rubber plantation) is not available across large regions. In this study, we analyzed Landsat time series images from 1987–2015 and developed algorithms to identify (1) the establishment year of rubber plantations; and (2) the pre-conversion land cover types, such as old rubber plantations, evergreen forests, and cropland. Exposed soil during plantation establishment and linear increases in canopy closure during non-production periods (rubber seedling to mature plantation) were used to identify the establishment year of rubber plantations. Based on the rubber plantation map for 2015 (overall accuracy = 97%), and 1981 Landsat images since 1987, we mapped the establishment year of rubber plantations on Hainan Island (R2 = 0.85/0.99, and RMSE = 2.34/0.54 years at pixel/plantation scale). The results show that: (1) significant conversion of croplands and old rubber plantations to new rubber plantations has occurred substantially in the northwest and northern regions of Hainan Island since 2000, while old rubber plantations were mainly distributed in the southeastern inland strip; (2) the pattern of rubber plantation expansion since 1987 consisted of fragmented plantations from smallholders, and there was no tendency to expand towards a higher altitude and steep slope regions; (3) the largest land source for new rubber plantations since 1988 was old rubber plantations (1.26 × 105 ha), followed by cropland (0.95 × 105 ha), and evergreen forests (0.68 × 105 ha). The resultant algorithms and maps of establishment year and pre-conversion land cover types are likely to be useful in plantation management, and ecological assessments of rubber plantation expansion in China.

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Szalay, Dóra, Szabolcs Kertész, and Andrea Vágvölgyi. "Changes in the legal and support background of woody energy plantations." Analecta Technica Szegedinensia 13, no. 1 (June 25, 2019): 72–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2019.1.72-81.

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Current forestry laws and regulations are not applicable to woody energy plantations. The cultivation technology used in these plantations differs from ones used in conventional forest management; thereby, specific legislation to regulate cultivation in woody energy plantations is required. Hungary passed its first regulations for woody energy plantations in 2007. The legislation addressed permitting, range of plantable species, planting procedures, cultivation, and plantation harvesting. The legislation overregulated coppice technology and only targeted roundwood energy plantation. The legislation does not mandate forest site surveys and its related expert opinions despite their importance in plantation establishment, particularly regarding tree species selection. The latest legislation, which improves earlier deficiencies and prescribes planting-execution plans for all plantations, came into effect 2017. Another important change is the industrial purpose categorization of woody plantations, which appeared beside coppice and roundwood energy plantations. In addition to raw material production, this type of plantation also increases the carbon sequestration of agriculture. The availability of financial resources heavily influenced plantation area size and planting intensity over the years. Investigating plantation tendencies provides an opportunity to identify forms of support that play an important role in creating the conditions for rational land use. Our research presents the effects these changes in legislation and financial support have had on energy plantations.

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Qibtiyah, Mariatul. "Dampak UU No. 18 Tahun 2004 Tentang Perkebunan Terhadap Perubahan Sosial-Budaya Masyarakat (Studi Atas Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit dengan Pola Perkebunan Inti Rakyat di Sumatera Selatan)." Jurnal Studi Sosial dan Politik 1, no. 2 (December 30, 2017): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.19109/jssp.v1i2.4037.

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The plantation has a great potential in contributing to the economy in Indonesia. So, the government makes a policy in the form of laws No. 18 in 2004 about The Plantations. The ACT of Plantation regulates about the management of the Plantation and a clear legal protection through The Core of People's Plantations (Perkebunan Inti Rakyat/PIR). But the presence of The Plantation ACT is questioned its allignment. The Core of People's Plantations System which has been set up in the ACT of any impact on social change community around the plantations, such as indigenous land that changes into a plantation area, changes in social status, community life, patterns of change value systems in society, and so on.

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Nagari, Galih Sekar Jati. "LANSKAP PERKEBUNAN TEMBAKAU KEBONARUM DAN GAYAMPRIT KABUPATEN KLATEN." Berkala Arkeologi 38, no. 2 (November 30, 2018): 136–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30883/jba.v38i2.253.

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Klaten is a region in Surakarta residency in 18-20th century during Colonial era. It held an important role in the economy of Surakarta region during that period. Klaten became area with the highest plantation productivity in Surakarta. Several plantation companies were established in Klaten, including sugar industries, indigo plantations, and tobacco plantations. Today, several plantation infrastructures can be observed, and its historical background can be traced well, but researches about Klaten Colonial industries are seldom. There are operating tobacco plantations in Klaten Regency, located in Kebonarum and Gayamprit. Plantation area in Kebonarum and Gayamprit is used as research material. Survey and historical approach are used in this research. This project aims to explore the important role of Colonial plantations in rural societies, through archaeological environment phenomenon and its history. The existence of plantations in Klaten rural areas was able to offer social change to the societies in Colonial era.

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Li, Jing, Dandong Chang, Jinhua Cheng, Hongjiang Zhang, and Haofeng Huang. "Evaluation of soil and water conservation capacities for plantations on the Simian Mountains of China." Forestry Chronicle 89, no. 02 (April 2013): 178–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2013-035.

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Eighteen indices were selected to evaluate soil and water conservation capacities of four different mixtures of plantations using the Ideal Point Method. Results indicate that a broadleaf plantation of robur (Lithocarpus glabra) and Chinese guger tree (Schima superba) had the best conservation capacity, a mixed broadleaf plantation of sweetgum (Liquidambar formosana), Chinese gugertree and camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora) was ranked second. A mixed broadleaf–conifer plantation of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata), Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) and Chinese gugertree ranked third with a mixed coniferous plantation (Chinese fir and Masson pine) fourth. Under similar climates and topographical conditions, broadleaf plantations have better soil and water conservation capacities than conifer plantations. Sensitivity analysis showed that litter amounts and soil properties are the most important indicators of soil and water conservation capacities of plantations. Suitable measures such as deep tillage should be used to improve soil aggregation in different plantations.

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Hastaril, Belinda, and Muhammad Arief Soendjoto. "Studi Variasi Tingkat Keanekaragaman Jenis Burung pada Berbagai Tipe Habitat di Areal Konservasi Perkebunan Sawit PT.MSM, Wilmar Plantation, Kalteng." Daun: Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian dan Kehutanan 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/daun.v2i1.167.

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High Conservation Value Areas (HCVA) in palm oil plantation is one of the efforts to reduce the negative impoct of oil palm plantations on biodiversity. The purpose of this study was to to identify bird species in dffirent types of habitats in the conserration area of oil palm plantations, calculate and compare the diversity of bird species and how is the relations with vegetation as habitat componen\ the study location at PT. MSM, Wilmar Plantation Central Kalimantan. The results showed the diversity value of birds and vegetation hos a positive relationship. Forested habitat v,ith heterogeneous vegetation presenting a higher value of diversity bird species than homogeneous vegetation hobitat. The highest diversity of bird species is the habitot of swampforests (H'3,70) lowland forest (H'3,69), heath forest (H'3,59) and the lowest is the habitat of palm plantatioru (H' 2,60).

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Wang, G. Geoff, J. Aurea Siemens, Vince Keenan, and Daniel Philippot. "Survival and growth of black and white spruce seedlings in relation to stock type, site preparation and plantation type in southeastern Manitoba." Forestry Chronicle 76, no. 5 (October 1, 2000): 775–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc76775-5.

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Differences in survival and growth of black and white spruce seedlings planted on boreal mixedwood sites were tested for stock types (transplant versus container), site preparation (Donaren disc trenching versus no trenching), and plantation types (open versus sheltered) in southeastern Manitoba after eight or nine growing seasons. Mortality of open plantation (32.3%) and container stock (32.5%) were significantly higher than sheltered plantation (23.7%) and transplant stock (22.8%), respectively. Donaren trenching slightly reduced the mortality of black spruce but significantly increased the mortality of white spruce. Seedlings of container stock (110 cm) were significantly shorter than transplant stock (157 cm). Significant difference in height was found between open and sheltered plantations for black spruce but not for white spruce. Root collar diameter of container stock (15.6 mm) was significantly smaller than transplant stock (23.1 mm). Root collar diameter in sheltered plantations was significantly larger than that in open plantations for black spruce but not for white spruce. Black spruce open plantation had significantly smaller volume (97 cm3) compare to black spruce sheltered (210 cm3) and white spruce open (175 cm3) and sheltered (229 cm3) plantations. White spruce open plantations also had smaller volume than white spruce sheltered plantations. Container stock had smaller volume (89 cm3) than transplant stock (267 cm3). For transplant stock, strip plantations had a significantly higher volume (329 cm3) than open plantations (204 cm3). Based on above results, we recommend that (1) transplant stock should be used, (2) sheltered plantation site preparation should be used on boreal mixedwood sites, and (3) Donaren disc-trenching is not necessary for planting white spruce. Key words: silviculture, boreal mixedwood site, plantation

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Дисертації з теми "Plantations"

Nelson, Robert Nicholas. "Connecting Ireland and America: Early English Colonial Theory 1560-1620." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4756/.

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This work demonstrates the connections that exist in rhetoric and planning between the Irish plantation projects in the Ards, Munster , Ulster and the Jamestown colony in Virginia . The planners of these projects focused on the creation of internal stability rather than the mission to 'civilize' the natives. The continuity between these projects is examined on several points: the rhetoric the English used to describe the native peoples and the lands to be colonized, who initiated each project, funding and financial terms, the manner of establishing title, the manner of granting the lands to settlers, and the status the natives were expected to hold in the plantation. Comparison of these points highlights the early English colonial idea and the variance between rhetoric and planning.

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Baak, Paul Erik. "Plantation production and political power : plantation development in South-west India in a long-term historical perspective, 1743-1963." Delhi ; Calcutta ; Chennai [etc.] : Oxford university press, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375300224.

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Stipriaan, Alex van. "Surinaams contrast : roofbouw en overleven in een Caraïbische plantagekolonie 1750-1863 /." Leiden : KITLV Uitg. [Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde], 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35573192v.

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Ozanne, Claire Margaret Philippa. "The arthropod fauna of coniferous plantations." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303621.

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Thapa, Ram. "Modeling Mortality of Loblolly Pine Plantations." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/46726.

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Accurate prediction of mortality is an important component of forest growth and yield prediction systems, yet mortality remains one of the least understood components of the system. Whole-stand and individual-tree mortality models were developed for loblolly pine plantations throughout its geographic range in the United States. The model for predicting stand mortality were developed using stand characteristics and biophysical variables. The models were constructed using two modeling approaches. In the first approach, mortality functions for directly predicting tree number reduction were developed using algebraic difference equation method. In the second approach, a two-step modeling strategy was used where a model predicting the probability of tree death occurring over a period was developed in the first step and a function that estimates the reduction in tree number was developed in the second step. Individual-tree mortality models were developed using multilevel logistic regression and survival analysis techniques. Multilevel data structure inherent in permanent sample plots data i.e. measurement occasions nested within trees (e.g., repeated measurements) and trees nested within plots, is often ignored in modeling tree mortality in forestry applications. Multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression takes into account the full hierarchical structure of the data. Multilevel mixed-effects models gave better predictions than the fixed effects model; however, the model fits and predictions were further improved by taking into account the full hierarchical structure of the data. Semiparametric proportional hazards regression was also used to develop model for individual-tree mortality. Shared frailty model, mixed model extension of Cox proportional hazards model, was used to account for unobserved heterogeneity not explained by the observed covariates in the Cox model.
Ph. D.

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Lynch, Alana Aileen. "Faunal procurement practice on antebellum plantations." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0004893.

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Ramírez, Bacca Renzo. "History of labour on a coffee plantation : La Aurora plantation, Tolima-Colombia, 1882-1982 /." Göteborg : University of Göteborg, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb389558621.

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Carson, Karen Michelle. "The function and failure of plantation government: interpreting spaces of power and discipline in representations of slave plantations." FIU Digital Commons, 2000. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2060.

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This investigation focuses on representations of the physical construction and landscape of Southern slave plantations in order to explore the power relationships among inhabitants of those plantations and how those power relationships attempted to function and failed to establish a system of discipline and governance. While every plantation functioned violently in some form, many plantations appear to have attempted to instill a sense of place and permanence of status in slaves with more than just physical violence or obvious and overt forms of mental coercion and abuse. As a supplement to the strategic (and oftentimes random) physical violence inflicted on slaves in the attempts to control their behaviors, owners seem to have also attempted to discipline their slaves through strategic constructions of the plantation landscapes. While concluding that this strategy ultimately failed, this thesis examines attempts by owners to implement particular strategies in regulating and disciplining the behavior of slaves which can be compared with the strategies implemented in a panoptic system as described by Michel Foucault.

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Thaung, Tint Lwin. "Effect of nitrogen fertiliser additions on nitrogen fluxes and plantation productivity in young eucalyptus cloeziana (F. Muell) plantations /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16847.pdf.

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Oostindie, Gert J. "Roosenburg en Mon Bijou : twee Surinaamse plantages, 1720-1870 /." Dordrecht : Providence : Holland ; U.S.A. : Foris Publications, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37148244f.

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Книги з теми "Plantations"

von, Muralt Jürgen, ed. Plantations and plantation workers. Geneva: International Labour Office, 1987.

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Caroline, Sargent, and Bass Stephen C, eds. Plantation politics: Forest plantations in development. London: Earthscan, 1992.

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Caroline, Sargent, and Bass Stephen 1958-, eds. Plantation politics: Forest plantations in development. London: Earthscan, 2009.

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Sargent, Caroline. Plantation politics: Forest plantations in development. London: Earthscan, 2009.

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Stone, Lynn M. Plantations. Vero Beach, FL: Rourke Publications, 1993.

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Caspersz, Paul. The privatization of the plantations. Kandy: Satyodaya Centre for the Coordinating Secretariat for Plantation Areas, 1995.

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Mubyarto, ed. Tanah dan tenaga kerja perkebunan: Kajian sosial ekonomi. Yogyakarta: Aditya Media, 1992.

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Loewenson, Rene. Modern plantation agriculture: Corporate wealth and labour squalor. London: Zed Books, 1992.

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Varatarācu, Mu. Malēciyat tōṭṭat tol̲ilāḷarkaḷ: Varalār̲um piracn̲aikaḷum. Cen̲n̲ai: Tamil̲p Paṇpāṭṭu, Camutāya Āyvuk Kul̲uvin̲ar, 1990.

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Varatarācu, Mu. Malēciyā, eṅkē en̲ paṅku?: Tōṭṭat tol̲iḷāḷarkaḷin̲ toṭarum piraccan̲aikaḷ. Selangor, Malaysia: M. Varatharajoo, 1993.

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Частини книг з теми "Plantations"

Graves, Adrian. "Plantations." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–7. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_1656-1.

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Graves, Adrian. "Plantations." In Economic Development, 277–85. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19841-2_44.

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Graves, Adrian. "Plantations." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 10343–49. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_1656.

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Peano, Irene, Marta Macedo, and Colette Le Petitcorps. "Introduction: Viewing Plantations at the Intersection of Political Ecologies and Multiple Space-Times." In Global Plantations in the Modern World, 1–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08537-6_1.

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AbstractIn this chapter, we outline our contribution to the study of plantations, building upon a wide and important body of critical literature that has developed on the subject over more than a century of reflections and struggles. Plantations are analyzed according to three main axes: an eco-material dimension that articulates to racial injustices; the long-term material, affective and symbolic imprints of plantations; and their sovereign dimensions. We explore these topics through a variety of examples and transdisciplinary approaches that cut across chronologies, geographies and political contexts and provide a navigation tool through the edited volume’s contributions. By stressing plantations’ more-than-human relations and their all-too-human (modern, colonial, imperial) dynamics, we want to both call into question any monolithic notion of “the” plantation and pinpoint the common features that accrue to the different plantation experiences and experiments addressed by authors. Contributing to the current discussion on the predicaments of the Plantationocene, we argue that this book’s breadth and vision might help imagine more nuanced ways of narrating plantation regimes and forms of resistance against them—past, present and future.

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Turnbull, John W. "Eucalypt plantations." In Planted Forests: Contributions to the Quest for Sustainable Societies, 37–52. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2689-4_4.

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Gonçalves, Ana Cristina. "Energy Plantations." In Forest Bioenergy, 91–119. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48224-3_4.

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Urgoiti Otazua, Jon, and Alain Paquette. "Mixed Forest Plantations." In Managing Forest Ecosystems, 319–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91953-9_9.

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West, P. W. "Mixed-Species Plantations." In Growing Plantation Forests, 211–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01827-0_13.

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Calisto, Ana Maria Durán. "Reversing neo-plantations." In Adaptive Reuse in Latin America, 213–30. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003322221-19.

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Perdomo Echenique, Enrique Alejandro, and Franziska Hesser. "Understanding Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics of Short Rotation Plantations After Land Use Change—From Establishment to Recultivation." In Sustainable Production, Life Cycle Engineering and Management, 65–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29294-1_5.

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AbstractThe increase in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks has the potential to contribute to climate mitigation strategies by reducing atmospheric CO2. Short rotation plantations (SRP) provide bio-based resources and can possibly accumulate SOC. Estimating the potential SOC stocks of short rotation plantations can help decision-makers to implement strategies that reduce SOC loss and thus contribute to climate change mitigation. The dynamic changes in SOC were estimated for a case study using the RothC carbon turnover model. The results indicate that SOC stocks increased from 37.8 to 48.52 t C/ha within 20 years of the plantation’s lifetime. Thus, an annual average increase of 0.535 t C/ha year is expected. Given the importance of implementing strategies that support the potential climate mitigation benefits of SRP, a sensitivity analysis was employed to identify the relevant factors that affected SOC prediction. For instance, the influence of soil condition heterogeneity, such as clay content, can vary the estimations of SOC accumulated. This highlights the relevance of obtaining primary data at different locations within the plantation’s areas: to obtain a variety of SOC stock estimations that give a better representation of SOC accumulation. Such analysis help to propose suggestions that mitigate the climate effect of short rotation plantations.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Plantations"

Ivaviciute, Giedre. "Change in the area of Lithuanian trees and shrubs greenery in 2002–2022." In Research for Rural Development 2023 : annual 29th international scientific conference proceedings. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.29.2023.030.

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The topic of this article is relevant because in Lithuania the assessment of the area occupied by plantations and green spaces has shown that the area standards do not meet the requirements and recommendations of the World Health Organisation. Green spaces are regulated differently in different countries of the European Union. Lithuania has also developed a legal framework for the protection, management and establishment of new plantations and green spaces. However, this legal framework is im-proving and new laws are being added to it. Comparative, analytical, as well as statistical, and logical analysis methods were used for the investigation. The data of the Land Fund of the Republic of Lithuania for 2002–2022 were used for comparative investigation. The aim of this article is to perform an analysis of the change in the trees and shrubs greenery area of Lithuania in 2002–2022. In Lithuania, for example, trees and shrubs occupied 84,687.48 ha in 2002. In 2022, the plantation area amounted to 208,609.48 ha. From 2002 to 2022 the area of tree and shrub plantations in Lithuania increased by 123,922.00 ha or 146.33%. The analysis shows that in the period between the years 2002 and 2022 the biggest increase in the area of shrubs and plantations took place in Utena County (32,715.83 ha or 395.27%), but the smallest increase in Tauragė County (2,642.93 ha or 37.69%) and Marijampolė County (4,581.39 ha or 72.25%).The development of plantation areas has been positively influenced by the creation of an appropriate legislative framework and the implementation of plantation programmes in counties and municipalities.

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Shirnin, Y., I. Gaisin, A. Shirnin, and D. Shamov. "FOREST PLANTATION. HOW TO CUT, HOW TO PLANT AND GROW?" In Modern machines, equipment and IT solutions for industrial complex: theory and practice. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/mmeitsic2021_167-174.

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A critical analysis of scientific publications devoted to the schemes and parameters of placement (planting) on the territory of the plantation of planting material is presented. The analysis of the dimensions of the machines and their working bodies in comparison with the options for planting plantation plantings is presented. Possible systems of machines for selective logging on forest plantations are recommended, which ensure felling of trees without damage to the stand left for re-growth. A scheme for growing and harvesting timber on plantations has been developed and justified. The main parameter that affects the effective growth of crops is the density of the stand. Its regulation is directed to the proposed options for thinning. The main parameters that should be taken into account when predicting the characteristics of the stand left for rearing are presented. Requirements for the technology of logging on plantations have been developed to minimize the damage to the individuals left for rearing. Recommendations on the selection of species for growing on the plantation, as well as machine systems for cutting operations, taking into account the geometric parameters of stands for different periods of logging, are proposed. Recommendations are given on the technological schemes for the development of apiaries during logging under specified conditions with the achievement of the goals set by the recommended machine systems.

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Carvalho, Raí G., and Leticia T. M. Zoby. "Convolutional Neural Networks for Leaf Disease Classification." In XV Encontro Nacional de Inteligência Artificial e Computacional. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/eniac.2018.4428.

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This paper aims to improve the classification process of leaf diseases in plantations, reducing the need to have a specialist or prior knowledge of the diseases that can affect a plantation, since some diseases can spread and end with entire plantations. The proposal is the use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) to classify leaf diseases in plants using images, creating a model that can be implemented in a smartphone application. The model selected for the application, using a dataset with 4485 images separated in 5 classes, had an accuracy of 97% in the test base.

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Shrivastava, Shailesh Kumar, S. K. Mahendran, Amar Nath Pandey, and Anant Kumar. "Mobile and GIS Framework for Plantations and Nursery (E-Plantations)." In International Conference on Recent Advances in Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science 2015. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814704830_0057.

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Mihina, Viktoriya, and Nikolay Kharchenko. "FEATURES OF GROWTH OF PETIOLATE OAK IN ARTIFICIAL LINEAR PLANTINGS OF THE CENTRAL FOREST-STEPPE." In Modern problems of animal and plant ecology. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/mpeapw2021_42-45.

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The formation of artificial linear plantations with the participation of pedunculate oak is predetermined by agrotechnical and silvicultural methods of cultivation. Its share among the used other breeds is about 25%. At the age of 33, with the placement of planting places 5.0 x 3.0 m, the pedunculate oak has a high preservation (by 33.9%) in a three-row plantation, in relation to crops from four rows. The protective height in a narrower artificial linear plantation is 10.2 m, which is 1.24 times higher with a width of 20.0 m. In mixed oak-ash crops at the age of 45 years, the best growth and preservation of pedunculate oak is noted in relation to oak plantations pure in composition. For birch-oak crops, the influence of a fast-growing breed is characteristic. At the age of 54, the safety of pedunculate oak is 23.1%, the wind protection height is 19.1 m. Differences in the growth of species are one class of bonitet. In the central rows of pedunculate oak at the age of 30-49 years, the average height has a greater value and a smaller diameter in relation to the indicators of the edging rows (by 7.5-19.9%). A convex transverse profile of the plantation is formed, which is predetermined by the physiological characteristics of the development of the tree species.

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Tsarev, Anatoliy, Raisa Tsareva, Vadim Tsarev, and Elena Miligula. "BIOFUELS: A RETURN TO THE PAST OR A MODERN RENEWABLE SOURCE OF BIOENERGY." In Modern machines, equipment and IT solutions for industrial complex: theory and practice. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/mmeitsic2021_136-143.

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The analysis of research on biofuels is presented. In connection with the forecast of the depletion of fossil sources for energy production and their adverse effects on the environment, research and practical work on the use of renewable resources for these purposes is being carried out in different countries. Plant biomass, wind, sun, hydro resources, geothermal waters, etc. are considered. According to some data, wood biomass in the European Union from all renewable sources in 2012 was 50%. Among the suppliers of wood biomass in the world, short- cropped plantations of fast-growing tree species (poplars, willows, etc.) are gaining popularity. The European Union has adopted a plan to create 70,000 hectares of such plantations. In the Central Chernozem region of Russia, research on the creation and evaluation of the effectiveness of short- rotation plantations began in the mid-90s of the twentieth century. Studies have shown that on a plantation of Robusta poplar at the age of 4 years, with a 2-year rotation and a planting density of 20 thousand plants per 1 ha, the annual increase in absolutely dry biomass can be 11.5 t/ ha/year. After a long break due to the difficulties of the 1990s, these works were resumed only in 2015-2016. In accordance with the developed program, work has begun on the creation and research of experimental facilities both on the territory of Research Institute of Forest Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology and on the lands of industrial forest enterprises. The best results on the growth of poplars in the reproductive areas were obtained in the Kulikovsky forestry of the Lipetsk region, where the annual shoots of poplars ‘Voronezh Giant’ and P. trichocarpa at the root-cutting plantation reached an average height of 157-183 cm.

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Daugaviete, Mudrite, Galina Telysheva, Ojars Polis, Ausma Korica, and Kaspars Spalvis. "Plantation forests as regional strength for development of rural bioeconomy." In 21st International Scientific Conference "Economic Science for Rural Development 2020". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2020.53.001.

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The establishment of plantation forests in areas not viable for agriculture can make a significant contribution to the economy. The yield from 1 ha of plantation forest depends on the management purpose - obtaining of round wood (pulpwood, sawnlog, veneer log, tare), bioenergy and extraction of tree foliage (broadleaved and coniferous). In Latvia, based on 2019 data, plantation forests achieve 2760 ha of Scots pine, 7855 ha of Norway spruce, 7431 ha of Birch, 2123 ha of Grey alder, 1274 ha of Black alder and Populus spp. and 618 ha of Salix spp. Estimated and projected gains are calculated both as round wood over 20 to 50 years: pine - 410-to 994 thou. m3; spruce, - 335 to 2.906 thou. m3, birch - 1.040 -2.452 thou. m3. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain gross income from the whole plantation forest area in Latvia: pine-12.42-63.8 mln. EUR; spruce - 40.1 -192.3 mln. EUR; for birch - 32.2 -202.7 mln. Eur. Additionally to that, 18.6 -21.6 t ha-1 and 24.0 -37.0 t ha-1 of processed foliage can be obtained from 1 ha of pine and spruce forest plantations (40-50 years old). Alnus incana sp. (5-20 years), yielding 19.65-122.65 thou. Solid m3 and Salix spp. (3-5 years), yielding 58.71-84.97 thou. solid m3, are used for energy production, furthermore Alnus spp. wood can be used than valuable raw material for plywood production. At the same time, it is possible to capture 106-1477 thou. tonnes of CO2 equivalent. Systematic investigations of chemical composition of above mentioned Latvian plantation trees, wood and bark, have shown that incorporation of extraction treatment in existing processing schemes will allow to manufacture high value added monomeric and oligomeric products which are of great demand for substitution of synthetic ones in different economy sectors (agriculture, including means for plant protection, food industry, polymer production, pharmacy etc.). Creation of small and medium-sized enterprises in rural region in close proximity to plantations opens the opportunity for the appearance of new working places, including organization of new nurseries, plantation services, private businesses for processing of various lignocellulosic waste into new special products / semi-products / feedstock for green industrial materials and chemicals, at the same time diminishing the logistics expenses.

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ZALKAUSKAS, Remigijus, Edmundas BARTKEVICIUS, Edgaras LINKEVICIUS, Julius BACKAITIS, and Ksistof GODVOD. "Do we need protective plantations along railways (Lithuanian case study)?" In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.181.

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Differently to other European countries Lithuania has inherited from Soviet time period quite width protection zones of state importance with wooden plantations along railways. Those protection zones vary from 20 m (in cities) up to 45 -70 m (in rural areas) in one side. The planted or spontaneous wooden plantations within those zones occupy over 2 thous. ha. The status of protective plantations serve for multifunctional purposes by ensuring railway traffic safety, mitigating negative impact of railway traffic, exhibiting Lithuanian landscape for travellers, improving landscape connectivity, living and working environment quality. At the same time there is a challenge for proper management of those plantations and profitability. In the middle of XX century planted pioneer species reach or is going to reach mature age. There is the threat of increasing number of dangerous trees, challenge for ensuring continuous cover of protective plantations, their services and structure match for predominating function. This study presents the challenges for future development and society preferences to services of protective lineside plantations along railways. The results of analysis of present condition of railway lineside vegetation, as well the results of social survey showed, what it is not enough just to manage the dangerous trees for railway safeness but it is essential complex means for protective plantations development, services succession.

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Simon, Santhosh. "Autonomous Navigation in Rubber Plantations." In 2010 Second International Conference on Machine Learning and Computing. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2010.53.

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Abedi, Tooba, Roya Abedi, Hadi Modaberi, and Hassan Pourbabaei. "Investigation of Carbon Sequestration Model according to Independent Variables of DBH and Height in Populus deltoides Plantation, Case Study: West, Center and East of Gilan Province, Iran." In 3rd International Congress on Engineering and Life Science. Prensip Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61326/icelis.2023.7.

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Populus deltuides W. Bartram ex Marshall is one of the most important economically (wood production), environmentally (biomass production and carbon sequestration), and fast growing species in plantations. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate DBH, height and carbon sequestration models according to the age using Stem Analysis Method in poplar plantations of Guilan province, Iran. Thirty trees were randomly selected in different diameter classes, fell down and the discs were obtained in order to stem analysis. The annual rings of discs counted, age at different tree heights obtained, and the annual rings diameter were measured to determine annual diameter and volume growth. Biomass was measured and finally, regression analysis performed by the relationship between DBH and height by carbon in age based on the highest coefficient of determination and minimum standard error. The results showed that the model of carbon sequestration was C=3"." 3d^(0"." 29)+0"." 002H^(2"." 42) (R2=99, SE=0.31) in the west, C=1"." 51(d^(0"." 8)+H^(0"." 97) ) (R2=0.98, SE=2.16) in the center and C=1"." 29(d^(0"." 07)+H^(0"." 89) ) (R2=0.82, SE=3.80) in the east poplar plantation of Guilan Province.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Plantations"

Carrizosa, Santiago, Olli Haltia, Douglas Southgate, Mario Niklitschek, Luis Constantino, William J. Vaughan, William Beattie, and Gabriel Montes. Workshop on the Use of Financial Incentives for Industrial Forest Plantations: Proceedings. Inter-American Development Bank, January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006809.

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This document presents the proceedings of a workshop on financial incentives for industrial forest plantations, held at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) on January 19, 1995. The main objectives of the workshop were, first, to exchange ideas among workshop speakers and participants regarding the relevance of financial incentives for industrial forest plantations, and, second, to develop recommendations about the use of financial incentives in programs presented to the IDB for financing. The questions addressed: Is the use of financial incentives justified for industrial plantations in Latin America, given the current policy reforms that remove market distortions?; Under what circumstances may the incentives be justified?; and, should the IDB get involved in the financing of industrial plantation programs that are receiving financial incentives from the government?

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Roussopoulos, Sue M., and Earl C. Leatherberry. Wisconsin's timberland plantations, 1983. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nc-rb-137.

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Rosson, James F. Forest plantations in the Midsouth, U.S.A. New Orleans, LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/so-rp-290.

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Palmer, Michele A., and Mujahid D. Powell. Brian C. Nevin Welcome Center, Cornell Plantations. Landscape Architecture Foundation, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31353/cs0840.

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D., Rohadi, Herawati T., Padoch C., and Race D. Making timber plantations an attractive business for smallholders. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17528/cifor/005515.

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Durst, Patrick B. Energy Plantations in the Republic of the Philippines. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/se-rp-265.

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Netzer, Daniel A. Use of Sulfometuron in Hybrid Poplar Energy Plantations. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nc-rn-366.

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Савосько, Василь Миколайович, and Максим Олександрович Квітко. Perspectives and Using Woody Artificial Plantations for Harmonization of the Natural Environment in Kryvyi Rih. Book of Abstracts of the 5th International Scientific Conference. Nitra, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/5440.

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The research aimed to study artificial woody plantations as a significant factor in improving the ecological environment for their further use, adhering to the paradigm of sustainable development in the Kryvyi Rih mining and metallurgical region. In our opinion, the biogeochemical parameters of each seasonal fallen tree leaves can be considered one of the promising markers that determine the viability, or in other words, the health of tree species, and predict the development of artificial woody plantations.

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