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Статті в журналах з теми "Plant and animal science"

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Coleman, Samuel W. "Plant-Animal Interface." Journal of Production Agriculture 5, no. 1 (January 1992): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jpa1992.0007.

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Feng, Suhua, Steven E. Jacobsen, and Wolf Reik. "Epigenetic Reprogramming in Plant and Animal Development." Science 330, no. 6004 (October 28, 2010): 622–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1190614.

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Lawrey, James D., Peter W. Price, Thomas M. Lewinsohn, G. Wilson Fernandes, and Woodruff W. Benson. "Plant-Animal Interactions." Bryologist 97, no. 2 (1994): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3243766.

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Ronald, P. C., and B. Beutler. "Plant and Animal Sensors of Conserved Microbial Signatures." Science 330, no. 6007 (November 18, 2010): 1061–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1189468.

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Carrington, J. C. "Role of MicroRNAs in Plant and Animal Development." Science 301, no. 5631 (July 18, 2003): 336–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1085242.

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Schussler, Elisabeth E., Melanie A. Link-Pérez, Kirk M. Weber, and Vanessa H. Dollo. "Exploring plant and animal content in elementary science textbooks." Journal of Biological Education 44, no. 3 (June 2010): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00219266.2010.9656208.

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Staskawicz, B. J. "Common and Contrasting Themes of Plant and Animal Diseases." Science 292, no. 5525 (June 22, 2001): 2285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1062013.

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Nicolson, Dan H. "Stone, plant, or animal." TAXON 51, no. 1 (February 2002): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1554958.

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EMR. "Plant & Animal Genome V." Plant Molecular Biology Reporter 15, no. 1 (March 1997): 78–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02772115.

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Mundell, Ian. "Botswana needs science help to save plant and animal species." Nature 357, no. 6375 (May 1992): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/357184b0.

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Дисертації з теми "Plant and animal science"

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Bagchi, Anita. "Plant and animal science in ancient India : perspective, attitude and conservation measures." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1529.

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Bingham, Troy J. "Plant and Animal Performance in Tall Fescue and Tall Fescue/Legume Pastures." DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2769.

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Tall fescue is the one of most common grasses in irrigated pastures throughout the Intermountain West. Two limitations of tall fescue are a decrease in productivity during hot summer months and the need for supplemental nitrogen (N). The objective of this research was to compare tall fescue-alfalfa (TF+ALF), tall fescue-birdsfoot trefoil (TF+BFT), tall fescue-nitrogen fertilizer (TF+N), and tall fescue without nitrogen fertilizer (TF-N) on forage yield, nutritional quality, and livestock performance. Research plots were established at the Utah State University Pasture Research Facility in Lewiston, UT in 2010 and grazed in 2012 and 2013. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications and divided into four paddocks per replication. Three Angus crossbred steers with an average starting weight of 380 kg were placed on each treatment and rotated to a new paddock every 7 days. A put-and-take method was used throughout the growing season such that each paddock received 80% utilization. Four forage samples were collected from each paddock just prior to grazing using a 0.5 m2 quadrat for determination of dry matter (DM) and nutrient content. ADF, NDF, IVTD, and TDN were used to estimate nutrient content and steers were weighed every 28 days to determine livestock performance. Forage yield was highest (P<0.05) in TF+N (5164 kg ha-1), followed by the TF+BFT (4721 kg ha-1) and TF+ALF (4463 kg ha-1) treatments, whereas, the TF-N treatment had the lowest yield (2920 kg ha-1). In this study, TF+BFT (593 g kg-1) and TF+ALF (593 g kg-1) had a better (P≤ 0.05) season-long average TDN value than TF+N (558 g kg-1), which in turn was higher (P≤ 0.05) than TF-N (550 g kg-1). Steer average daily gains (ADG) were different (P<0.05) in every treatment with TF+BFT (0.73 kg d-1) being the highest, followed by TF+ALF (0.67 kg d-1), then TF+N (0.61 kg d-1), and similar to forage yield, TF-N had the lowest ADG (0.40 kg d-1). Tall fescue greatly benefits from added N whether via fertilizer or N transfer by legumes and this study showed that BFT and ALF mixed with TF increases plant and animal performance while reducing fertilizer costs and helps maintain a more environmentally sustainable pasture.
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Huynh, Mark D. "Targeted Sequencing of Plant Genomes." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4353.

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Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has revolutionized the field of genetics by providing a means for fast and relatively affordable sequencing. With the advancement of NGS, whole- genome sequencing (WGS) has become more commonplace. However, sequencing an entire genome is still not cost effective or even beneficial in all cases. In studies that do not require a whole-genome survey, WGS yields lower sequencing depth and sequencing of uninformative loci. Targeted sequencing utilizes the speed and low cost of NGS while providing deeper coverage for desired loci. This thesis applies targeted sequencing to the genomes of two different, non-model plants, Artemisia tridentate (sagebrush) and Lupinus luteus (yellow lupine). We first targeted the transcriptomes of three species of sagebrush (Artemisia) using RNA-seq. By targeting the transcriptome of sagebrush we have built a resource of transcripts previously unmatched in sagebrush and identify transcripts related to terpenes. Terpenes are of growing interest in sagebrush because of their ability to identify certain species of sagebrush and because they play a role in the feeding habits of the threatened sage-grouse. Lastly, using paralogs with synonymous mutations we reconstructed an evolutionary time line of ancient genome duplications. Second, we targeted the flanking loci of recognition sites of two endorestriction enzymes in genome of L. luteus genome through genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). GBS of yellow lupine provided enough single-nucleotide polymorphic loci for the construction of a genetic map of yellow lupine. Additionally we compare GBS strategies for plant species without a reference genome sequence.
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Wilhelm, Amanda. "Investigation of the Toxicity and Toxicokinetics of Selenium from the Accumulator Plant Symphyotrichum spathulatum (Western Mountain Aster) in Sheep." DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/553.

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This study was designed to observe the effects of selenium from plant material in sheep after a single, oral dose. Purified sodium selenite and selenomethionine were given as positive controls. The plant Symphyotrichum spathulatum (Western Mountain Aster) was collected, analyzed for selenium content, and administered orally to sheep at varying doses according to body weight. Clinical signs were observed for 7 days during which time whole blood, serum, and expired air were collected. Following euthanasia, tissues were collected for histopathological analysis and mineral analysis. Clinical signs were less apparent than expected and included depression and mild dyspnea in sheep receiving the highest doses of selenium as plant material, whereas pathologic lesions were prominent. Acute myocardial degeneration and necrosis was most severe in the highest dose animals, but present to lesser degrees as dose decreased. Pulmonary lesions of edema and congestion were less frequently observed. Thirteen animals died prior to study completion. Selenium concentration in tissues, brain, liver, kidney cortex, atrium, ventricle, and skeletal muscle, increased with increasing dose of plant material. Treatment had a significant impact on selenium concentration in all tissues collected for mineral analysis (P < 0.01). Whole blood and serum were collected to study the toxicokinetics of selenium in these sheep. Serum kinetic parameters that increased significantly with increasing dose included the elimination rate constant, peak selenium concentration, and area under the selenium concentration versus time curve. Serum kinetic parameters that significantly decreased with increasing dose included the absorption and elimination half-lives. Whole blood kinetic parameters that increased significantly with increasing dose included the elimination rate constant, peak selenium concentration, and area under the curve. Expired air was collected to study the respiratory toxicokinetics of selenium in the sheep. The selenium concentration in expired air from sheep receiving selenomethionine was significantly greater than all other treatments (P < 0.0001) at all collection time points. But an intriguing finding was the dramatic differences in elimination profile curves as selenium dose increased with the plant material. The highest dose group elimination curve continually increased through all collection time points. All other groups dosed with plant material saw a decrease in selenium elimination by the last collection time point.
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Pirone, Cary L. "Bilirubin: an Animal Pigment in the Zingiberales and Diverse Angiosperm Orders." FIU Digital Commons, 2010. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/336.

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Strelitziaceae is a tropical monocot family comprising three genera and seven species: Ravenala Adans and Phenkospermum Endl., which are monotypic, and five species of Strelitzia Aiton. All species produce woody capsular fruits that contain vibrantly colored arillate seeds. Arils of the Strelitzia species are orange, those of Phenakospermum are red, and those of Ravenala are blue. Unlike most plant pigments, which degrade after cell death, aril pigments in the family persist for decades. Chemical properties of the compounds are unusual, and do not match those of known pigment classes (carotenoids, flavonoids, betalains, and the chlorophylls). I isolated the orange pigment from the arils of Strelitzia nicolai, and performed HPLC-ESMS, UV-visible, 1H NMR and 13C NMR analyses to determine its chemical structure. These data indicated the pigment was bilirubin-IX, an orange-yellow tetrapyrrole previously known only in mammals and some other vertebrates as the breakdown product of heme. Although related tetrapyrroles are ubiquitous throughout the plant kingdom and include vital biosynthetic products such as chlorophyll and phytochromobilin, this is the first report of bilirubin in a plant, and evidence of an additional biosynthetic pathway producing orange coloration in flowers and fruits.
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Dal, Gobbo Alice. "Becoming-poor, becoming-animal, becoming-plant ... becoming-imperceptible : an ethnographic study of everyday energy assemblages in transition." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2018. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/117613/.

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The 2008 financial crisis has meant for the West a much wider social, political and economic questioning of its underpinnings. This delicate contingency combines with an increasingly evident ecologic crisis, indissolubly related to the capitalist, post-industrial, consumer economy that cracked in 2008. As the latter is proving unsustainable on all these levels, there is space for challenging this economic system and its underpinnings: development, industrialism and infinite growth (via consumption). Governments are putting in place measures that aim at environmental change mitigation, but with too little effect. With my study, I investigate the potentiality of the everyday as a site of ecological resistance, difference and creation. As a way of pursuing this, I designed a multimodal and multimedia participant observation study, focusing on energy use in everyday life. The locale is a town in the North-East of Italy, Vittorio Veneto, an interesting example of a formerly affluent area strongly hit by the recession. As a contribution to existent literature in this field, I draw and expand upon recent reflections that seek to go beyond the limitations of constructionism as the guiding approach to critical qualitative social sciences investigations. This “post-qualitative” literature calls for more attention to the ways in which language and discourses are co-emerging with, and co-constitutive of, the material, affective and non-representational qualities of experience. In line with this, I give special attention to the desiring and unconscious dimensions of energy use and everyday life more generally. Nonetheless, these are not conceptualised as subjective, interior or personal – but rather as trans-human flows that traverse and shape the social world. In this sense, focussing on desire is also a way to address the political and power-ridden aspects of energy use, little addressed in current research. Inspired above all by the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze (also with Félix Guattari), I look at the ways in which (collective) desire shapes the energy “assemblages” that we live through in ordinary life. If the dominant (libidinal) economy gears towards hyper-consumption and intensive energy practices, are molecular desires being mobilised that evade such hegemony? To what extent are they capable of a radical creation of more ecologically sensitive, life affirmative, assemblages? By making treasure of the different affordances of multi-media representation of the field, in my thesis I map contemporary everyday energy assemblages as they are territorialised and deterritorialised along lines of (ecological) becoming. I bring attention not only to the chances, but also to the risks and contradictions of emerging “lines of flight” from our unsustainable economy. This critical reflection is also applied to the theory informing my own study and its potential pitfalls. Finally, I reflect on the politics and ethics of social sciences in participating to draw lines of transitions towards sustainability.
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Landeen, Melissa L. "Mountain Big Sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp vaseyana) Seed Production." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5740.

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Big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.) is the most widespread and common shrub in the sagebrush biome of western North America. Of the three most common subspecies of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata), mountain big sagebrush (ssp. vaseyana; MBS) is the most resilient to disturbance, but still requires favorable climactic conditions and a viable post-fire seedbank for successful unassisted recovery. This study was designed to assess MBS seed production throughout post-fire recovery. We performed 2 pilot studies to develop methods for estimating seed production and plant age. The results of the pilot studies and a space-for-time substitution strategy were used to measure seed production on 13 sites ranging from 10-33 years post-fire. We hypothesized that seed rain (mean seeds produced/ m2) would peak before stand density had maximized due to decreasing individual plant fecundity (mean seeds produced/ plant) in high density stands. We measured population density and individual plant fecundity for three size classes of MBS and used forward stepwise regression analysis to identify environmental factors influencing seed production over time. Density for small (basal stem diameter (BSD) <1 cm) and medium-sized (BSD=1-3 cm) plants was consistently low and was not affected by time since fire (TSF), while large-sized (BSD > 3 cm) plant density increased steadily with TSF (p=0.0002). Plant fecundity decreased with TSF for all three size classes (p range = 0.019 – 0.0506), with large plants dominating reproductive output. Small and medium-sized plant fecundity was negatively correlated with winter precipitation (p range = 0.0106-0.0174), while large plant fecundity was positively correlated with winter precipitation (p<0.0001) and negatively correlated with elevation (p=0.0001). Despite losses in plant fecundity over time for all size classes, steady recruitment in population density resulted in increased seed rain (p=0.0039), suggesting that increases in stand density compensated for losses in individual plant fecundity. Results partially support our hypothesis that the time required for MBS seed rain to be maximized was not tightly bound to indicators of stand maturation. Understanding the factors that influence post-fire seed production can help land managers better manage for successful recovery by providing them with tools for evaluating seed production capabilities of MBS communities.
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Martin, Miriam Sharon. "Survey of Management and Marketing Practices on U.S. Cow-calf Operations and Evaluation of Different Captive Bolt Lengths in a Commercial Slaughter Plant." Thesis, Colorado State University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10784935.

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Finding ways to objectively measure welfare within different sectors of the beef industry is necessary to continually improve cattle welfare from birth to slaughter. The first objective of Study 1 was to benchmark cow-calf producer perspectives on management strategies and challenges that ultimately affect cattle welfare on ranches in the United States. The second objective of Study 1 was to quantify how producers are marketing their calf crop, their priorities when selecting replacements, and if producers saw value in handling and care guidelines. A total of 1,414 responses from cow-calf producers in 44 states were collected through a survey done in partnership with BEEF Magazine. Thirty questions were asked of producers to gather demographic information, producers’ current handling and health management practices, and how they prioritized industry challenges. As well as establish at what age and through what avenue producers are marketing their calf crop, and gauge producer perspectives on a quality assessment outlining handling and care guidelines.

After analyses of producer responses, it was concluded that the frequency of management methods and decisions are impacted by age, operation size, location, and BQA certification. A higher percentage of respondents who were BQA certified used electronic eartags, followed by freeze branding. A higher percentage of respondents not BQA certified used basic eartags and hot branding. 74.5% of respondents were preconditioning their calf crop. A higher percentage of respondents were preconditioning their calf crop that were BQA certified, than those who were not BQA certified. The most important beef industry challenge identified was cow-calf health and the biggest challenge to producer’s own operation was identified as land availability/price. The most important animal health issues on producers’ operations were identified as Bovine Respiratory Disease, flies, Pinkeye, and reproductive health. By producer age, calf/neonate health was identified as the biggest challenge for respondents under the age of 30. Respondents age 55-70 responded that Veterinary Feed Directive (VFD)/regulations was more of a challenge than any other age group. Respondents with 50 head or less or more than 1,000 head more frequently retained their calf crop through finishing and respondents with 51 to 200 head and 201 head to 500 head more frequently backgrounded and then sold their calf crop. 13.5% of respondents answered yes, a veterinarian had offered to administer a drug for pain management when castrating or dehorning. Of those 13.5% who responded yes pain management had been offered, 54.55% of respondents chose to use a pain relief method. A higher percentage of producers that precondition also indicated that they use a pain relief method when castrating or dehorning more frequently, though it was still a low percentage. Overall, 46.3% of respondents saw value in handling and care guidelines and 54.9% of respondents saw value in a program including source and age verification, a vaccination plan, and handling and care guidelines. Respondents who were BQA certified, had a beef cow inventory of 501 to 1,000 head, who preconditioned their calves and backgrounded them before selling, and who lived in the West more frequently saw value in a quality assessment outlining handling and care guidelines.

The objective of Study 2 was to examine the effects of captive bolt length and breed type on post-stun leg activity in cattle. A total of 2,850 Holstein (HOL) and non-Holstein British/Continental bred (NHOL) steers and heifers were observed post-stunning at a large commercial slaughter facility. A penetrating pneumatic captive bolt stunner was used with three different bolt lengths: CON, 15.24 cm; MED, 16.51 cm; and LON, 17.78 cm. Hind limb kicking, forelimb activity, take away belt stops, carcass swing and number of knife sticks during exsanguination were recorded for each animal from video recording. Hind limb and forelimb kicks observed ranged from 0 to 25 and 0 to 8, respectively. A significant main effect of treatment, breed type and an interaction between treatment and breed type on hind limb activity was found. Analysis of post-stun hind limb and forelimb activity indicated that increasing pneumatic captive bolt length does not decrease post-stun leg activity but alternatively can increase kicking when using the longest bolt tested in particular types of cattle, i.e. Holsteins. Other parameters associated with the shackling and hoisting process were impacted by breed type as well. There was a higher percentage of cattle experiencing take away belt stops and carcass swing in HOL as compared with NHOL. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.)

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Gardner, Eric T. "Arthropod and Plant Communities as Indicators of Land Rehabilitation Effectiveness in a Semi-arid Shrub-steppe." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2008. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1733.

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We describe a case study evaluating the ecological impact of Bromus tectorum L. (cheatgrass) invasion following fire disturbance and the effectiveness of revegetation in improving ecological integrity in a degraded semi-arid shrub steppe system. The effectiveness of rehabilitation efforts was assessed from measurements of arthropod richness, vegetation and arthropod community composition, and ground cover characteristics in three habitats: undisturbed, burned and weed-infested (B. tectorum), and burned and rehabilitated with native and non-native vegetation. Arthropods were collected in each habitat using pitfall traps. Differences in arthropod richness were compared using rarefaction curves. Non-metric multidimensional scaling, and non-parametric multivariate statistical procedures including analysis of similarity and similarity percentages routines were used to compare arthropod and vegetation community composition and ground cover characteristics between habitats. Arthropod communities in the rehabilitated habitat were distinct from and intermediate to those observed in the undisturbed and weed-infested habitats. Rehabilitation in this instance resulted in an improvement in ecological integrity and perhaps an intermediate step on the way complete restoration. Arthropod richness, arthropod and vegetation community composition, and ground cover characteristics were all useful indicators of ecological integrity, but returned slightly different results. Assessing multiple variables yielded the most complete understanding of the habitats studied.
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Arzt, Alexandra E. "Dispersal: a multidisciplinary investigation of plant life." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3957.

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Using plants as a basis for exploring the interstices between the human and nonhuman, this thesis investigates ideas of awareness, intelligence, deep time, animism, and the fluctuating human perception of the agency of Nature. It outlines environmental art practices since the 1950s involving vegetal life. In addition, the paper provides a critical analysis of plant perception of Jakob von Uexküll’s work and theories of vital materialism and “critical plant studies” while noting recent studies in plant neurobiology. In my work, plants become active participants via their movement, seeding, and smell. This study takes the form of imitation, purposeful symbiosis, anthropomorphism, and touch and uses an interdisciplinary practice involving various experiments, video, and plant life. In suggesting a new possible understanding of plants, the work argues for a new ecological ethos in a time when global warming weighs heavily on world policy and consciousness.
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Книги з теми "Plant and animal science"

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Holloway, Judith. Plant or animal? 2nd ed. Cleveland, Ohio: Modern Curriculum Press, 1993.

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A, Maineri Sarah, Daniel Kathryn S, and Delta Education (Firm), eds. Plant and animal populations: Teacher's guide. 3rd ed. Hudson, NH: Delta Education, 2004.

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Wegmann, H. M. Space life sciences: Human, animal and plant. Edited by White R. J, International Astronautical Federation, International Astronautical Congress (37th : 1986 : Innsbruck, Austria), and Symposium on Life Sciences (1986 : Innsbruck, Austria). Oxford: Pergamon, 1988.

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P, Rafferty John, ed. The Paleozoic era: Diversification of plant and animal life. New York, NY: Britannica Educational Pub. in association with Rosen Educational Services, 2010.

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1927-, Barrett James T., ed. Contemporary classics in plant, animal, and environmental sciences. Philadelphia: ISI Press, 1986.

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Evolution of plant-pollinator relationships. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.

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Plant & animal featres, on level reader grade 3: Harcourt school publishers science georgia. [Place of publication not identified]: Holt Mcdougal, 2006.

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Plant and animal science fair projects: Revised and expanded using the scientific method. Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow Publishers, 2010.

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Biological invasions: Economic and environmental costs of alien plant, animal, and microbe species. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2011.

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Technology, United States Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs Center for Plant Health Science and. Center for Plant Health Science and Technology national programs. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, 2004.

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Частини книг з теми "Plant and animal science"

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Thanos, Costas A. "Aristotle and Theophrastus on plant-animal interactions." In Tasks for vegetation science, 3–11. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0908-6_1.

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Aston, Tracy-ann. "Observation: How similar are animal and plant DNA?" In The Really Useful Book Of Secondary Science Experiments, 4–5. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, [2017]: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315640082-2.

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Jiménez-Aleixandre, M. Pilar, J. Díaz de Bustamante, and R. A. Duschl. "Plant, Animal or Thief? Solving problems under the Microscope." In Research in Science Education in Europe, 31–39. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9307-6_5.

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Sun, Qixin, Xue Xia, and Xiujuan Chai. "Machine Vision Based Phenotype Recognition of Plant and Animal." In China’s e-Science Blue Book 2020, 471–85. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8342-1_27.

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Sun, Qixin, Xue Xia, and Xiujuan Chai. "Machine Vision Based Phenotype Recognition of Plant and Animal." In China’s e-Science Blue Book 2020, 471–85. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8342-1_27.

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Pant, Bhasker, Kumud Pant, and K. R. Pardasani. "Decision Tree Classifier for Classification of Plant and Animal Micro RNA’s." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 443–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04962-0_51.

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Tewari, Anuj, Beenu Jain, Basanti Brar, Gaya Prasad, and Minakshi Prasad. "Biosensors: Modern Tools for Disease Diagnosis and Animal Health Monitoring." In Concepts and Strategies in Plant Sciences, 387–414. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66165-6_18.

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Evju, Espen, and Hilde-Gunn Opsahl-Sorteberg. "A Short Review of Advances in Plant-Based Antigen Production Strategies and the Production of Viral Vaccine Antigens Derived from CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Edited N. benthamiana Plants for Enhanced Vaccine Efficacy." In A Roadmap for Plant Genome Editing, 131–39. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46150-7_8.

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AbstractPlant-based antigen manufacturing procedures have transformed vaccine research and industry by offering a cost-effective, scalable, and safe alternative to traditional protein production systems. This chapter discusses genome editing applications for plant-based protein production systems, antigen, and antibody manufacturing, as well as their future and current developments. The chapter briefly summarizes the several advantages of plant-based protein manufacturing platforms, including lower production costs, faster response to developing risks, and the absence of animal-derived components, which contributes to a lower risk of contamination and allergic responses. The chapter provides a basic overview of recent advances in plant-based antigen production, with a focus on vaccine antigens generated from CRISPR/Cas9 genome edited Nicotiana benthamiana to improve immunogenicity by altering plant glycosylation patterns to be more compatible with human glycosylation. Solving this could revolutionize existing vaccine production from plants to meet sustainable production objectives while also benefiting human health. These applications of genome editing demonstrate how versatile the approaches may be, from basic science to improving human health.
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Ebach, Malte Christian. "The Legacy of Nineteenth Century Plant and Animal Geography." In History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences, 143–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9999-7_6.

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Baytelman, Andreani, Theonitsa Loizou, and Salomi Chadjiconstantinou. "Investigating Relationships Between Epistemological Beliefs and Personal Beliefs in Biological Evolution." In Shaping the Future of Biological Education Research, 119–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44792-1_9.

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AbstractThe present study examines the relationships between 12th grade students’ epistemological beliefs toward science and their personal beliefs in plant evolution, animal evolution and human evolution, before biological evolution instruction. Epistemological beliefs toward science, refer to students’ (and other individuals’) beliefs about the nature of knowledge and the process of knowing. Personal beliefs in biological evolution are considered to be personal truths or subjective views in biological evolution. Based on previous research, we hypothesized that there would be a relation between students’ epistemological beliefs toward science and their personal beliefs in biological evolution. Fifty-one (51) 12th grade students participated in the study. Participants’ epistemological beliefs and personal beliefs in biological evolution were assessed separately. A multiple regression analysis tested for relationships between students’ epistemological beliefs and their personal beliefs in biological evolution. Results showed that 12th grade students’ epistemological beliefs predicted their personal beliefs in plant evolution and animal evolution, but not in human evolution. In particular, students who held relatively sophisticated epistemological beliefs about the source of knowledge believed more in plant evolution and animal evolution than students with less sophisticated epistemological beliefs. Educational implications are discussed.
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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Plant and animal science"

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Korzun, Viktor. "Strengthening innovation in plant science and plant breeding." In 3rd International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: ENVIRONMENT – PLANT – ANIMAL – PRODUCT. Publishing House of The University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/icdsupl3.ol002.

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Tirtom, Sena, and Aslı Akpınar. "Dairy Protein vs. Plant Protein and Their Consumer Perception." In 7th International Students Science Congress. Izmir International guest Students Association, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52460/issc.2023.026.

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Proteins are crucial macronutrient for human health. Animal, dairy, and some plant proteins are considered high-quality proteins that provide health and metabolic benefits based on the digestible levels of essential amino acids they contain. Animal protein is rich in many essential amino acids, but excessive animal protein intake greatly increases fat intake. Therefore, due to the improvement in people's living standards and increase in protein intake, the animal protein supply is not sufficient to meet the increasing demand of people. Technologically, milk proteins are the most important component of milk due to their unique properties that allow milk to be converted into a wide range of products such as cheese or yoghurt quite easily. It is widely accepted that dairy products are excellent sources of highly digestible essential amino acids. Nowadays, plant protein is preferred because has advantages such as it is an abundant source, cheap, easy to obtain, preferred by special consumer groups such as vegan/vegetarian, does not contain cholesterol and preventing diseases. In the last decades, the increasing interest of both producers and consumers in plant proteins and the decrease in animal protein intake and inclination to plant protein intake with the innovations in the markets emphasize the importance of these alternative sources. In this review, information is given about the importance of milk proteins and plant proteins and the role they play in consumer preference is mentioned.
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"Antimicrobial Activity Of Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Different Animal Pathogens." In International Conference on Biological Research and Applied Science. Jinnah University for Women, Karachi,Pakistan, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37962/ibras/2022/197-199.

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Wilk, Jordan, Joanna Szyszlak-Bargłowicz, and Szymon Chmielewski. "Lublin Sound Science – a Citizen Science project." In 3rd International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: ENVIRONMENT – PLANT – ANIMAL – PRODUCT. Publishing House of The University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/icdsupl3.e019.

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Tirtom, Sena, and Aslı Akpınar. "The Plant-Based Enzymes Used in Coagulation of Milk for Cheese Production." In 7th International Students Science Congress. Izmir International guest Students Association, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52460/issc.2023.020.

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Dairy products have a quite important for the food industry. Cheese, which has more than a thousand varieties, takes it in the first place among dairy products. Coagulation of milk is the most important step in cheese production. A considerable part of the cheese produced in the world is obtained as a result of coagulation of milk with enzymes. The rennets used to provide milk coagulation in cheese production can be obtained from different animal, plant-based and microbial sources. Coagulant enzymes obtained from different sources are called rennet obtained from animal sources. The increase in the amount of cheese production also increases the need for rennet. Due to reasons such as increasing cheese production and consumption around the world, difficult calf rennet supply (expensive and scarce), religious reasons, prohibition of rennet obtained from recombinant calf rennet in some countries, vegetarian preferences of consumers, some diseases that can be transmitted from animals, attitudes towards genetically modified foods have led to the need for alternative coagulants in cheese production. This situation has led to studies on the production of alternative coagulant enzymes of microbial, plant-based and recombinant origin that can be used instead of calf rennet. Enzymes obtained from different parts of plants (such as roots, stems, leaves, flowers, seeds and fruits) by different extraction methods can be used to coagulate milk. Although coagulant enzymes of plant-based origin are used in the production of traditional cheese varieties in many different countries, they are not used in general areas due to their high proteolytic activities, degradation in coagulum qualities, decrease in yield, and negative effects on sensory properties such as bitter taste formation. In this review, the most commonly used plant-based enzymes used in coagulation of cheese milk and their effects on the final product properties are mentioned.
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Tirtom, Sena, and Aslı Akpınar. "The Plant-Based Enzymes Used in Coagulation of Milk for Cheese Production." In 7th International Students Science Congress. Izmir International guest Students Association, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52460/issc.2023.020.

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Анотація:
Dairy products have a quite important for the food industry. Cheese, which has more than a thousand varieties, takes it in the first place among dairy products. Coagulation of milk is the most important step in cheese production. A considerable part of the cheese produced in the world is obtained as a result of coagulation of milk with enzymes. The rennets used to provide milk coagulation in cheese production can be obtained from different animal, plant-based and microbial sources. Coagulant enzymes obtained from different sources are called rennet obtained from animal sources. The increase in the amount of cheese production also increases the need for rennet. Due to reasons such as increasing cheese production and consumption around the world, difficult calf rennet supply (expensive and scarce), religious reasons, prohibition of rennet obtained from recombinant calf rennet in some countries, vegetarian preferences of consumers, some diseases that can be transmitted from animals, attitudes towards genetically modified foods have led to the need for alternative coagulants in cheese production. This situation has led to studies on the production of alternative coagulant enzymes of microbial, plant-based and recombinant origin that can be used instead of calf rennet. Enzymes obtained from different parts of plants (such as roots, stems, leaves, flowers, seeds and fruits) by different extraction methods can be used to coagulate milk. Although coagulant enzymes of plant-based origin are used in the production of traditional cheese varieties in many different countries, they are not used in general areas due to their high proteolytic activities, degradation in coagulum qualities, decrease in yield, and negative effects on sensory properties such as bitter taste formation. In this review, the most commonly used plant-based enzymes used in coagulation of cheese milk and their effects on the final product properties are mentioned.
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7

T.I., Podvorotnyaya, Podlesny D.S., Babajaynan A.S., and Kambulov S.I. "ANALYSIS OF MACHINES FOR INTENSIFYING THE PROCESS OF GRINDING PLANT MATERIALS WHEN FEEDING CATTLE." In OF THE ANNIVERSARY Х INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE «INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION» («ITSE 2022» CONFERENCE). DSTU-Print, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/itse.2022.142-146.

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The productivity of animals is completely dependent on the state of the farm's food supply, that is, on the ability to provide animals with feed, taking into account their productivity and age. Feed plays a crucial role not only as the main source of animal productivity, but also largely characterizes the production efficiency of the industry, since more than 50% of the costs fall on feeding.
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Maldonado, Jacqueline, Mark Lee, Robert Morrow, Steve Guetschow, Ross Remiker, and Javier Morell. "Science Evaluation Units for the Plant Research Unit and the Advanced Animal Habitat." In International Conference On Environmental Systems. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-2783.

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Ryu, Jaehong, Naesoo Kim, Kyesun Lee, and Dongwon Kim. "Study of a Gateway Architecture for Wild Animal and Plant Monitoring." In 2015 International Conference on Social Science, Education Management and Sports Education. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ssemse-15.2015.310.

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Tomašević, Igor. "Artificial intelligence in food science." In 3rd International PhD Student’s Conference at the University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland: ENVIRONMENT – PLANT – ANIMAL – PRODUCT. Publishing House of The University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/icdsupl3.ol001.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Plant and animal science"

1

Chamovitz, Daniel, and Xing-Wang Deng. Morphogenesis and Light Signal Transduction in Plants: The p27 Subunit of the COP9-Complex. United States Department of Agriculture, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1997.7580666.bard.

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Plants monitor environmental signals and modulate their growth and development in a manner optimal for the prevailing light conditions. The mechanisms by which plants transduce light signals and integrate them with other environmental and developmental signals to regulate plant pattern development are beginning to be unraveled. A large body of knowledge has accumulated regarding the roles of specific photoreceptors in perceiving light signals, and about the downstream developmental responses responding to light (Batschauer, 1999; Chamovitz and Deng, 1996; Deng and Quail, 1999). Still, little is know about the molecular mechanisms connecting the photoreceptors to development, and how these developmental pathways are integrated with additional developmental regulatory pathways to modulate growth. The multi-subunit protein complex COP9 signalosome (previously referred to as the "COP9 complex") has a central role in mediating the light control of plant development, and in general developmental regulation. Arabidopsis mutants that lack this complex develop photomorphogenically even in the absence of light signals (reviewed in Chamovitz and Deng 1996, 1997). Various genetic studies have indicated that the COP9 signalosome acts at the nexus of upstream signals transduced from the individual photoreceptors, and specific downstream signaling pathways. Thus the COP9 signalosome was hypothesized to be a master repressor of photomorphogenesis, and that light acts to abrogate this repression. However, the COP9 signalosome has roles beyond the regulation of photomorphogenesis as all mutants lacking this complex die following early seedling development, and an essentially identical complex has also been detected in animal systems (Chamovitz and Deng, 1995; Seeger et al., 1998; Wei et al., 1998). Our long term objective is to determine the role of the COP9 signalosome in controlling plant development. In this research project we showed that this complex contains at least eight subunits (Karniol et al., 1998; Serino et al., 1999) and that the 27 kD subunit is encoded by the FUS5 locus (Karniol et al., 1999). The FUS5 subunit also has a role extraneous to the COP9 signalosome, and differential kinase activity has been implicated in regulating FUSS and the COP9 signalosome (Karniol et al., 1999). We have also shown that the COP9 signalosome may work together with the translational-regulator eIF3. Our study of the COP9 signalosome is one of the exciting examples of plant science leading the way to discoveries in basic animal science (Chamovitz and Deng, 1995; Karniol and Chamovitz, 2000; Wei and Deng, 1999).
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James, Christian, Stephen J. James, Bukola A. Onarinde, Ronald A. Dixon, and Nicola Williams. Critical review of AMR risks arising as a consequence of using biocides and certain heavy metals in food animal production. Food Standards Agency, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.ich936.

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is the resistance of a microorganism to an antimicrobial agent (a substance that kills or stops the growth of microorganisms) that was originally effective for treatment of infections caused by it. As a result standard antimicrobial drug treatments may become ineffective, lead to infections persisting, increasing the risk of spread to others, and negative clinical outcomes. AMR is a major public health issue worldwide and it is estimated that unless action is taken to tackle AMR, the global impact of AMR could be 10 million deaths annually from drug-resistant infections by 2050 and cost up to US $100 trillion in terms of cumulative lost global production (O’Neill, 2016). Addressing the public health threat posed by AMR is a national strategic priority for the UK and led to the Government publishing both a 20-year vision of AMR (Opens in a new window) and a 5-year (2019 to 2024) AMR National Action Plan (NAP) (Opens in a new window), which sets out actions to slow the development and spread of AMR. Intensive food animal production plays an important role in the development and spread of AMR and is one of many routes by which consumers can be exposed to antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. This review was carried out to help increase our understanding of whether, and to what extent, the use of biocides (disinfectants and sanitisers) and heavy metals (used in feed and other uses) in animal production leads to the development and spread of AMR within the food chain (a subject highlighted in the NAP). Whether this could potentially lead to greater consumer exposure to antimicrobial-resistant bacteria present in our food, either directly through consumption of foods derived from animals that have undergone treatment (for example from the use of heavy metals in animal feed) or indirectly (for example from exposure of crops to contaminated soil or ground water) is not known. Focused searching of three literature databases (Web of Science (Opens in a new window), Scopus (Opens in a new window), and MEDLINE (Opens in a new window)) was undertaken, supplemented by additional records identified through other sources. Due to the range of publications identified and different laboratory methodologies used in these studies no statistical analysis was possible, so instead, a narrative approach was taken to their review and to the review of supplementary materials. We conclude that there is published evidence that the release of chemicals like biocides (in particular disinfectants) and/or heavy metals from food animal production have the potential to contribute to the selection, emergence, and spread of AMR (as bacteria or genes) that could be acquired by consumers, and that this could present a potential risk to the consumer as a result. The published evidence is sparse and there are significant knowledge gaps (as detailed in this report). Currently there are insufficient data for a comprehensive and quantitative assessment of risk, and a need for focussed in-field studies (as detailed in this report) to be carried out to fill these knowledge gaps and confirm whether there is an actual risk.
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Chamovitz, Daniel A., and Albrecht G. Von Arnim. eIF3 Complexes and the eIF3e Subunit in Arabidopsis Development and Translation Initiation. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7696545.bard.

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The original working hypothesis of our proposal was that The “e” subunit of eIF3 has multiple functions from both within the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. Within this model, we further hypothesized that the “e” subunit of eIF3 functions in translation as a repressor. We proposed to test these hypotheses along the following specific aims: 1) Determine the subcellular localization of the interaction between eIF3e and other eIF3 subunits, or the COP9 signalosome. 2) Elucidate the biological significance of the varied subcellular localizations of eIF3e through generating Arabidopsis eIF3e alleles with altered subcellular localization. 3.) Purify different eIF3e complexes by tandem affinity purification (TAP). 4) Study the role of eIF3e in translational repression using both in vitro and in planta assays. eIF3 is an evolutionarily ancient and essential component of the translational apparatus in both the plant and animal kingdoms. eIF3 is the largest, and in some ways the most mysterious, of the translation factors. It is a multi-subunit protein complex that has a structural/scaffolding role in translation initiation. However, despite years of study, only recently have differential roles for eIF3 in the developmental regulation of translation been experimentally grounded. Furthermore, the roles of individual eIF3 subunits are not clear, and indeed some, such as the “e” subunit may have roles independent of translation initiation. The original three goals of the proposal were technically hampered by a finding that became evident during the course of the research – Any attempt to make transgenic plants that expressed eIF3e wt or eIF3e variants resulted in seedling lethality or seed inviability. That is, it was impossible to regenerate any transgenic plants that expressed eIF3e. We did manage to generate plants that expressed an inducible form of eIF3e. This also eventually led to lethality, but was very useful in elucidating the 4th goal of the research (Yahalom et al., 2008), where we showed, for the first time in any organism, that eIF3e has a repressory role in translation. In attempt to solve the expression problems, we also tried expression from the native promoter, and as such analyzed this promoter in transgenic plants (Epel, 2008). As such, several additional avenues were pursued. 1) We investigated protein-protein interactions of eIF3e (Paz-Aviram et al., 2008). 2) The results from goal #4 led to a novel hypothesis that the interaction of eIF3e and the CSN meets at the control of protein degradation of nascent proteins. In other words, that the block in translation seen in csn and eIF3e-overexpressing plants (Yahalom et al., 2008) leads to proteasome stress. Indeed we showed that both over expression of eIF3e and the csn mutants lead to the unfolded protein response. 3) We further investigated the role of an additional eIF3 subunit, eIF3h, in transalational regulation in the apical meristem (Zhou et al., 2009). Epel, A. (2008). Characterization of eIF3e in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. In Plant Sciences (Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv University). Paz-Aviram, T., Yahalom, A., and Chamovitz, D.A. (2008). Arabidopsis eIF3e interacts with subunits of the ribosome, Cop9 signalosome and proteasome. Plant Signaling and Behaviour 3, 409-411. Yahalom, A., Kim, T.H., Roy, B., Singer, R., von Arnim, A.G., and Chamovitz, D.A. (2008). Arabidopsis eIF3e is regulated by the COP9 signalosome and has an impact on development and protein translation. Plant J 53, 300-311. Zhou, F., Dunlap, J.R., and von Arnim, A.G. The translation initiation factor subunit eIF3h is .1 involved in Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem maintenance and auxin response. (submitted to Development).
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Kenealy, M. Douglas. Update from Animal Science Teaching Section. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-1059.

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Kenealy, M. Douglas. Update from Animal Science Teaching Section. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-674.

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Kenealy, M. Douglas. Update from Animal Science Teaching Section. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-716.

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Kenealy, M. Douglas. Update from Animal Science Teaching Section. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-764.

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Kenealy, M. Douglas. Update from Animal Science Teaching Section. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-782.

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Kenealy, M. Douglas. Update from Animal Science Teaching Section. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-83.

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Kenealy, M. Douglas. Update from Animal Science Teaching Section. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-931.

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