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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "PIANO KEY WEIRS"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "PIANO KEY WEIRS"

R. Eslinger, Kam, and Brian M. Crookston. "Energy Dissipation of Type a Piano Key Weirs." Water 12, no. 5 (April 28, 2020): 1253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12051253.

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A Piano Key weir (PK weir) is a nonlinear, labyrinth-type weir well suited for rehabilitation projects due to a relatively small footprint and the ability to pass large discharges for lesser upstream-head values when compared with other weir types. A critical component of a hydraulic structure is the energy-dissipative properties. Currently, information and guidance is limited, with previous energy dissipation studies of PK weirs primarily of specific projects. Therefore, to document and quantify energy dissipation, four laboratory-scale Type A PK weir models with different width ratios (Wi/Wo) were studied, with 255 tests comprising this new dataset, along with detailed observations of the flow field. Results were compared to existing published data regarding energy dissipation downstream of trapezoidal and rectangular labyrinth weirs. To support design efforts, two equations, both functions of head-water ratio (H/P) and Wi/Wo, are proposed to predict the relative residual energy downstream of PK weirs. The energy dissipation of PK weirs is largest at low flows and decreases in a logarithmic-like manner as flow increases. PK weirs with increased hydraulic efficiency, caused by an increase in Wi/Wo, resulted in slightly smaller energy dissipation values within the range 0.2 ≤ H/P ≤ 0.8. The energy dissipation of PK weirs was found to be relatively constant, independent of Wi/Wo, and in the ranges 0.07 ≤ H/P ≤ 0.2 and 0.8 ≤ H/P ≤ 0.95.

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Alizadeh Sanami, Forough, Amir Ghaderi, Fardin Alizadeh Sanami, Parisa Mirkhorli, and Silvia Di Francesco. "Laboratory Study of the Hydraulic Performance of the A-Type Triangular Piano Key Weir." Water 15, no. 11 (June 2, 2023): 2124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15112124.

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A piano key weir (PKW), a new type of weir aiming to increase the discharge capacity of an existing dam, was recently designed. Despite a large body of research in this field, only a few studies were conducted on A-type triangular piano key weirs (TPKW) in straight channels. In this context, this present research sought to study the flow regime, stage–discharge relationship, and discharge coefficient. Experiments were carried out using nine TPKW models and three linear weirs (LW) as the control weirs. The results indicated that the triangular piano key weirs are capable of passing a higher discharge in similar laboratory conditions compared to linear key weirs due to their longer length. For a given h/P ratio (h is the water head over the weir crest, and P is the weir height) and constant length (Le), an increase in the weir height from 0.07 m to 0.15 m decreases the discharge coefficient by approximately 20%. From sensitivity analysis, the most influential parameters for the tested TPKW models are the h/Le dimensionless ratio, followed by the P/Le and Fr. Moreover, the discharge coefficient has a reverse trend when the dimensionless parameters h/P, h/Le, and Froude number are increased. However, with decreasing h/Le, the discharge coefficient of TPKW tends to that of a broad-crested weir because of local submergence. It is expected that the results obtained will be a reference for researchers who work in this field.

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Bhukya, Raj Kumar, Manish Pandey, Manousos Valyrakis, and Panagiotis Michalis. "Discharge Estimation over Piano Key Weirs: A Review of Recent Developments." Water 14, no. 19 (September 26, 2022): 3029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14193029.

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The piano key (PK) weir has advanced over the labyrinth weir to increase the discharge capacity. Piano key weirs exhibit nonlinear flow behavior and are easy to place on the existing spillway or newly constructed dam with less base area. Various investigators are given equations to calculate the discharge coefficient for free and submerged flow conditions. The study focuses on reviewing the impacts of the PK weir geometry on the weir flow discharge coefficient, including weir length and height, upstream and downstream key widths, and apex overhangs. In this study, all possible aspects of PK weirs were briefly reviewed. From sensitivity analysis, it is observed that the discharge coefficient of the PK weir is more sensitive for the L/W dimensionless ratio followed by the B/P ratio. L is total length of the weir crest, W is width of the weir, B is total width of PK weir and P is height of the weir. This review paper is intended to serve as an accessible resource for hydraulic structures researchers and hydraulic engineering professionals alike interested in the hydraulics of PK weirs.

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Seyedjavad, Minasadat, Seyed Taghi Omid Naeeni, and Mojtaba Saneie. "Laboratory Investigation on Discharge Coefficient of Trapezoidal Piano Key Side Weirs." Civil Engineering Journal 5, no. 6 (June 23, 2019): 1327–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2019-03091335.

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A spillway is a hydraulic structure used to provide the controlled release of surplus waters and floods from a dam into a downstream area. A side weir is a multipurpose hydraulic structure which is constructed in water conveyance systems with a height lower than that of the canal wall. When the water surface level goes up, the side weir regulates the discharge and controls the water surface in the main canal. Besides, the side weir controls and diverts floods in dam reservoirs, diverts the flow and protects the structure against the river inundations. In this research, a laboratory investigation is performed with 16 Type-A piano key weirs and three different pier heights of 10, 15 and 20cm. These weirs are studied for two cases of 1 and 2. The results show that the weirs with 15cm and 20cm heights in both cases 1 and 2 have the highest discharge coefficient in dimensionless ratios of 0.2> H/P> 0.4 and H/P>0.5 respectively. Having reviewed previous studies, it could be concluded that the trapezoidal piano key side weir is capable of releasing a flow 1.2 times more than that of the linear trapezoidal labyrinth weir with 12 degrees angle and 1.87 times more than the one with 6 degrees angle, and 1.5 times more than that of the triangular labyrinth weir.

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Leite Ribeiro, M., M. Bieri, J. L. Boillat, A. J. Schleiss, G. Singhal, and N. Sharma. "Discharge Capacity of Piano Key Weirs." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 138, no. 2 (February 2012): 199–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)hy.1943-7900.0000490.

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Kılıç, Zeyneb. "Geometric and Hydraulic Properties of Arced Labyrinth Weirs." International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology 12, no. 02 (April 2, 2022): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14741/ijcet/v.12.2.4.

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Weirs serve a critical role in dam safety. Numerous reservoirs' flood projections used in hydraulic design have risen in magnitude in recent years. As a result, many current spillways are no longer adequate since they do not fulfill current discharge capacity standards. Labyrinth weirs are frequently used to rehabilitate existing fixed width spillways. Weirs come in a variety of shapes and sizes, including labyrinth, linear, piano key, and more. Labyrinth weirs enhance the weir crest length for a given width, which increases the weir flow capacity. The majority of labyrinth weirs are designed in linear designs. An Arced cycle layout can boost the discharge capacity and hydraulic efficiency of a labyrinth weir. The article cites an arced geometric layout for labyrinth weirs, as well as nomenclature for arcspecific geometric variables. Experimental studies in the literature are presented by discussing and comparing.

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Lantz, Wyatt, Brian Mark Crookston, and Michele Palermo. "Apron and Cutoff Wall Scour Protection for Piano Key Weirs." Water 13, no. 17 (August 26, 2021): 2332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13172332.

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Piano key (PK) weirs are used in a variety of flow control structure applications, including spillway crests and open channel diversion structures. However, to the best of authors’ knowledge, structure-specific design guidance for scour mitigation is still needed. To fill this gap of knowledge, a systematic experimental campaign was conducted by testing different configurations of horizontal aprons with a cutoff wall. Protection structures were located at the toe of the PK weir. Namely, experiments were performed at large-scale to assess the effect of three apron lengths on downstream scour hole geometry under different hydraulic conditions. It was observed that a horizontal apron deflects the plunging jets originating from the PK weir, thus significantly reducing scour. Experimental evidence allowed corroboration that significant scour depth reduction occurs for an apron length 1.5 times the weir height, with longer aprons found to provide marginal benefits. Finally, also provided herein are tools to estimate the main scour characteristics and help practitioners in optimizing apron design.

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Denys, Frank J. M., and Gerrit R. Basson. "Unsteady Hydrodynamic Behavior at Piano Key Weirs." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 146, no. 5 (May 2020): 04020028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)hy.1943-7900.0001729.

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Truong, Hien Chi, and Thuan Hieu Tran. "THE CAPACITY OF THE LOW-HEIGHT PIANO KEY WEIR TYPE A IN DRAINAGE CANAL." Science and Technology Development Journal 12, no. 18 (December 15, 2009): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v12i18.2378.

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The capacity of PK piano weir is 4-5 times higher than conventional weir. This paper describes some hydraulic tests on the low-height P.K. weirs Type A, in order to show that it is possible to build in a drainage canal such a weir, which also improves safety and takes less labor to operate the system. The results of the performed tests can be used in practice as a design hydraulic feature for this weir type (the length of weir, the length of jump). In some cases, an adaptation of these tests could be required.

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Mehri, Yaser, Jaber Soltani, Mojtaba Saneie, and Mohhamad Rostami. "Discharge Coefficient of a C-Type Piano Key Side Weir at 30° and 120° Sections of a Curved Channel." Civil Engineering Journal 4, no. 7 (August 2, 2018): 1702. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-03091106.

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A piano key side weir (PKSW) is a non-linear weir that discharge exceeds linear weirs by increasing the length in width. PKSW can be used in side weirs with space limitation. As side weirs are extensively used in flood control, water level control in rivers, and water supply channels, it is necessary to use PKSW as side weirs. This research discusses the discharge coefficient of a PKSW by assessing a C-type PKSW at 30° and 120° sections of a channel with a longitudinal curve. Dimensional analysis was used for identifying the parameters effective in the discharge coefficient. The effects of these parameters are examined by analysing the effective parameters. Finally, an empirical relationship has been proposed for determining the discharge coefficient based on the dimensionless parameters for calculating the discharge coefficient with the correlation coefficient of 0.88 and the mean error of 0.091. The influence of the parameter on the PKSW is more than that of the remaining parameters: With an increase in the value of this parameter, considering decreases in the length of the deviation and a lack of submerged inlet keys, the coefficient of discharge increases.

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Дисертації з теми "PIANO KEY WEIRS"

SINGH, KANCHAN. "STUDY OF AERATION EFFICIENCY OVER THE PIANO KEY WEIRS." Thesis, DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, 2021. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/18799.

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Aeration is the process of increasing the dissolved oxygen content of water, which is an important water quality parameter for the survival of flora and fauna on this planet. The dissolved oxygen level can be increased using hydraulic structures or by installing mechanical aerators. Hydraulic structures proved to be an economical and efficient way of enhancing the aeration process, thereby increasing the dissolved oxygen in the water stream. It develops large amounts of air bubbles; as a result, contact surface area increases, and hence the water-air -mass transfer accelerates. Weirs are having the highest aeration efficiency among all hydraulic structures. Various researchers study the aeration process involved in weirs and various experiments have been done to study the parameters involved. As literature said that the aeration efficiency of the different hydraulic structures depends on their geometry. According to past studies, the researchers have stated that the hydraulic structures help enhance the dissolved oxygen of the water body. Rivers clean themselves naturally after movement over a certain distance by the process of aeration. It is also known as the self-cleaning nature of rivers. Weirs also follow the same process for cleaning as well as maintaining the various water quality parameters. They function in the same manner as rivers naturally perform the self-cleansing process for its purification. In the self-cleansing process, the river clears itself and maintains various water quality parameters. In order to enhance the DO content of the water body (river, dams, and reservoirs), an experimental study was conducted in Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Laboratory at the Delhi Technological University. The primary goal of this research was to increase the DO content of the water body through aeration. The author conducted an experimental study over three different types (Type-A, Type-B, and Type-C) of Piano Key Wier models and compared them to achieve this goal. The present study's findings conclude that the aeration of the free-flowing water can be enhanced by constructing hydraulic structures across the stream or river.

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Anderson, Ricky M. "Piano Key Weir Head Discharge Relationships." DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/880.

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A piano key (PK) weir is a type of nonlinear (labyrinth-type) weir developed specifically for free-surface flow control structures with relatively small spillway footprints. Currently, no generally accepted standard PK weir design procedure is available. This is due, in part, to the large number of geometric parameters and a limited understanding of their effects on discharge efficiency (discharge efficiency is quantified by the discharge coefficient of the standard weir equation). However, Hydrocoop, a non-profit French dam spillways association, has recommended a PK weir design and a head-discharge relationship specific to that geometry. To develop a better understanding of the effects of PK weir geometry on discharge efficiency, 13 laboratory-scale, 4-cycle PK and rectangular labyrinth weir configurations were tested. As a result, the influence of the following PK weir geometries and/or modifications on discharge efficiency were partially isolated: the inlet-to-outlet key width ratio, upstream, and downstream apex overhangs; sloped floors; raising the crest elevation via a parapet wall; fillets underneath the upstream overhangs; and the crest type. The physical model test matrix also included a PK weir configuration consistent with the Hydrocoop-recommended design. From the experimental results, the appropriateness of the Hydrocoop-recommended head-discharge relationship was evaluated, along with the discharge coefficient behavior associated with the standard weir equation. Finally, trapezoidal labyrinth weirs were compared to PK weirs to make a relative comparison of nonlinear weir discharge efficiency; comparisons were made considering crest length and structure footprint.

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Sjösten, William, and Victor Vadling. "CFD Simulations of Flow Characteristics of a Piano Key Weir Spillway." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414861.

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Comprehensive rehabilitation projects of dam spillways are made in Sweden, due to stricter dam safety guidelines for their discharge capacity. The Piano Key Weir (PKW) is an innovative design which has proven effective through several renovation projects made in many countries including France. In this study we investigate the flow patterns around a prototype PKW, located in Escouloubre dam in southern France, with numerical simulations through three different flow cases in Ansys Fluent. A computational domain containing the PKW is created in the CAD software Ansys SpaceClaim for the simulations. Three polyhexcore meshes are further generated using Ansys Fluent Meshing. The three flow cases are then simulated with a Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) model, coupled with realizable k-epsilon and volume of fluid models. Through an assessment of the discretization error between three meshes, a relative error of one percent is obtained for the discharge rate. The numerical results are qualitatively compared with results from previously conducted physical experiments on this PKW. The RANS model does not capture the water surface undulations (due to turbulence) around the PKW. The effects from under modelled surface undulations are alleviated by inserting an air vent to the PKW, which results in a flow behaviour in good agreement with the physical experiments. Through this alteration, water discharge rates are computed with a maximum discrepancy of five percent compared with the corresponding experimental values. A large eddy simulation should be conducted in the future, to bring further light on air exchange and water interaction phenomena present in the PKW flow pattern.

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Young, Nathan L. "Size-Scale Effects of Nonlinear Weir Hydraulics." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6926.

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Experimental physical model studies of hydraulic structures are often conducted to replicate flow behavior that may occur at the prototype scale. Geometric similitude is most often maintained between the prototype and model when studying reservoir and open channel hydraulic structures to account for the dominant gravity and inertia forces while other fluid forces (e.g., viscosity,surface tension) are assumed negligible. However, as model size and/or upstream head decreases, other fluid forces can exceed the negligible level and influence model flow behavior. This phenomenon is referred to as size-scale effects and is one potential origin of error in predicting the prototype behavior through testing geometrically similar models. To extend the existing research of size-scale effects on nonlinear weirs half-and quarter-round trapezoidal labyrinth weirs and piano key weirs were fabricated at length ratios of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12. The largest weir model for each weir type (i.e., a weir height of 36 in for labyrinth weir models and a weir height of 33 in for piano key weir models) served as the corresponding prototype.Weir models were hydraulically tested to assess differences among head-discharge relationships and flow behavior. Limiting criteria were recommended to avoid size-scale effects depending on the weir type and model size. The results of this study will help hydraulic modelers determine what limiting criteria should be met to avoid size-scale effects.

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Hoosen, Shenaaz. "The benefits of combining geometric attributes from labyrinth and piano key weirs." Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/24034.

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A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering Johannesburg, 2017
South Africa is a water scarce country and dams play a large role in the infrastructure of our country by providing water for many purposes. With the growth of the country, new dams are needed and existing dams require rehabilitation. Often, increasing a spillways capacity forms part of the rehabilitation required at dams. Therefore, one of the main aims of this study is to look at an option for increasing a spillways discharge capacity. The labyrinth and Piano key weirs (PKW) were investigated together with a combination of the two spillway types. Different geometric attributes were combined and varied to develop a new design that would assist in improving discharge capacity while reducing the cost, producing an economically viable option. Thirty five physical models were built and tested in this regard. Comparison was made with the standard PKW design in terms of discharge capacity, hydraulic efficiency, length ratio (L/W) and cost related to concrete volume required. It was concluded that efficiency, discharge capacity and cost can be improved with this new combined design however more geometric variations need to be studied to ascertain these results.
MT 2018

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Книги з теми "PIANO KEY WEIRS"

India) International Workshop on Piano Key Weir for In-stream Storage and Dam Safety (2012 New Delhi. Proceedings of International Workshop on Piano Key Weir for In-stream Storage and Dam Safety (PKWISD-2012). Roorkee: Indian Water Resources Society, 2012.

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Pirotton, Michel, Sébastien Erpicum, édéric Laugier, Jean-Louis Boillat, and Bernard Reverchon. Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs. Taylor & Francis Group, 2011.

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Erpicum, Sébastien, Frédéric Laugier, Jean-Louis Boillat, Michel Pirotton, Bernard Reverchon, and Anton J. Schleiss, eds. Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs. CRC Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b12349.

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Pirotton, Michel, Sébastien Erpicum, édéric Laugier, Jean-Louis Boillat, and Bernard Reverchon. Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Pirotton, Michel, Sébastien Erpicum, édéric Laugier, Jean-Louis Boillat, and Bernard Reverchon. Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs. Taylor & Francis Group, 2011.

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Pirotton, Michel, Sébastien Erpicum, édéric Laugier, Jean-Louis Boillat, and Bernard Reverchon. Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs. Taylor & Francis Group, 2011.

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Pirotton, Michel, Sébastien Erpicum, édéric Laugier, Jean-Louis Boillat, and Bernard Reverchon. Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs. Taylor & Francis Group, 2011.

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Pirotton, Michel, Sébastien Erpicum, édéric Laugier, Jean-Louis Boillat, and Bernard Reverchon. Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs. Taylor & Francis Group, 2011.

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Erpicum, S. Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs II. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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Erpicum, Sébastien, Frédéric Laugier, Michael Pfister, Michel Pirotton, Guy-Michel Cicero, and Anton J. Schleiss, eds. Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs II. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b15985.

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Частини книг з теми "PIANO KEY WEIRS"

Denys, F., G. Basson, and J. Strasheim. "Fluid structure interaction of Piano Key Weirs." In Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs III – PKW 2017, 119–26. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315169064-17.

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Pfister, M., S. Jüstrich, and A. Schleiss. "Toe-scour formation at Piano Key Weirs." In Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs III – PKW 2017, 147–56. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315169064-21.

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Erpicum, S., P. Archambeau, B. Dewals, and M. Pirotton. "Hydraulics of Piano Key Weirs: A review." In Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs III – PKW 2017, 27–36. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315169064-5.

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Mehboudi, A., J. Attari, and S. Hosseini. "Flow regimes over trapezoidal Piano Key Weirs." In Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs III – PKW 2017, 65–73. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315169064-9.

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Gebhardt, M., J. Merkel, F. Belzner, and C. Thorenz. "A comparison of side weirs and labyrinth weirs at Ilmenau river." In Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs III – PKW 2017, 221–28. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315169064-31.

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Vermeulen, J., C. Lassus, and T. Pinchard. "Design of a Piano Key Weir aeration network." In Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs III – PKW 2017, 127–33. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315169064-18.

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Lodomez, M., M. Pirotton, B. Dewals, P. Archambeau, and S. Erpicum. "Could Piano Key Weirs be subject to nappe oscillations?" In Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs III – PKW 2017, 135–44. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315169064-19.

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Cicero, G., F. Laugier, and J. Vermeulen. "Synthesis of Piano Key Weir experimental studies at LNHE." In Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs III – PKW 2017, 75–82. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315169064-10.

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Belaabed, F., B. Athmani, A. Ouamane, and A. Laiadi. "Study of the influence of submergence on the upstream flow of Piano Key Weir." In Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs III – PKW 2017, 83–90. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315169064-11.

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Laiadi, A., B. Athmani, F. Belaabed, and A. Ouamane. "The effect of the geometric shape of the alveoli on the performance of Piano Key Weirs." In Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs III – PKW 2017, 93–100. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315169064-13.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "PIANO KEY WEIRS"

Li Dan. "Analysis of hydraulic characteristics of type a piano key weirs." In 2014 ISFMFE - 6th International Symposium on Fluid Machinery and Fluid Engineering. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2014.1179.

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Machiels, O., S. Erpicum, B. J. Dewals, P. Archambeau, and M. Pirotton. "Piano Key Weirs: the experimental study of an efficient solution for rehabilitation." In FRIAR 2010. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/friar100091.

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Torre-Gómez, Guadalupe, Sebastien Erpicum, Francesco Pugliese, and Maurizio Giugni. "Hydraulic Behavior Assessment of Type A and Type B Piano Key Weirs from Experimental and Numerical Results." In EWaS5. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2022021084.

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Raheem, Adil, and Tara Aurahman. "Hydraulic performance of Piano Key Weir." In Proceedings of the 1st International Multi-Disciplinary Conference Theme: Sustainable Development and Smart Planning, IMDC-SDSP 2020, Cyperspace, 28-30 June 2020. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.28-6-2020.2297967.

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Hassan, Ghufraan Hussien, Mustafa S. Salah, Marwan Hussein, and Alaa Adnan Hafedh. "Numerical simulation of Piano Key weir type-B." In 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENERGY AND POWER, ICEP2021. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0107878.

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Erpicum, S., P. Archambeau, M. Pirotton, and B. J. Dewals. "Geometric parameters influence on Piano Key Weir hydraulic performances." In 5th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures. The University of Queensland, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.14264/uql.2014.31.

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OERTEL, MARIO. "SIZE-SCALE EFFECTS OF AN A-TYPE PIANO KEY WEIR." In 38th IAHR World Congress. The International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/38wc092019-0954.

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Han, Changhai, Yanfu Li, Zi Xiang Li, Kang Han, and Kaiwen Yu. "Calculation analysis on the discharge capacity of piano key weir." In Proceedings of the 39th IAHR World Congress From Snow to Sea. Spain: International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/iahr-39wc252171192022770.

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Khattab, Noor I., Azza N. Altalib, and Mowafaq Y. Mohammed. "Estimating discharge coefficient for piano key weir using ANN technique." In 8TH ENGINEERING AND 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING – UNIVERSITY OF BAGHDAD: COEC8-2021 Proceedings. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0132654.

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Kumar, Binit, and Zulfequar Ahmad. "Experimental study on scour downstream of a piano key weir with nose." In 8th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures ISHS2020. The University of Queensland, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14264/uql.2020.595.

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