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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Photovoltaic power systems Mathematical models"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Photovoltaic power systems Mathematical models"

Manuel Godinho Rodrigues, Eduardo, Radu Godina, Mousa Marzband, and Edris Pouresmaeil. "Simulation and Comparison of Mathematical Models of PV Cells with Growing Levels of Complexity." Energies 11, no. 11 (October 25, 2018): 2902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11112902.

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The amount of energy generated from a photovoltaic installation depends mainly on two factors—the temperature and solar irradiance. Numerous maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques have been developed for photovoltaic systems. The challenge is what method to employ in order to obtain optimum operating points (voltage and current) automatically at the maximum photovoltaic output power in most conditions. This paper is focused on the structural analysis of mathematical models of PV cells with growing levels of complexity. The main objective is to simulate and compare the characteristic current-voltage (I-V) and power-voltage (P-V) curves of equivalent circuits of the ideal PV cell model and, with one and with two diodes, that is, equivalent circuits with five and seven parameters. The contribution of each parameter is analyzed in the particular context of a given model and then generalized through comparison to a more complex model. In this study the numerical simulation of the models is used intensively and extensively. The approach utilized to model the equivalent circuits permits an adequate simulation of the photovoltaic array systems by considering the compromise between the complexity and accuracy. By utilizing the Newton–Raphson method the studied models are then employed through the use of Matlab/Simulink. Finally, this study concludes with an analysis and comparison of the evolution of maximum power observed in the models.

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Vaskov, A. G., N. Y. Mozder, and A. F. Narynbaev. "Modelling of Solar-Diesel Hybrid Power Plant." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1211, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1211/1/012011.

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Abstract The article highlights the problems of distributed energy generation and focuses on solar-diesel hybrid power plant modelling and optimization. Designing power systems based on renewable energy sources includes a very relevant task of building mathematical models of such systems and their elements. The article presents an approach and definition of mathematical models describing photovoltaic-diesel (PV-D) hybrid power system elements used in decision making processes as a part of PV-D operation control. An overview of PV module output power, performance and temperature models is given. Along with the analysis of the specific fuel consumption dependencies on the operating power of the diesel generator, an example of diesel power plant unit commitment is shown.

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Batsala, Ya V., I. V. Hlad, I. I. Yaremak, and O. I. Kiianiuk. "Mathematical model for forecasting the process of electric power generation by photoelectric stations." Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, no. 1 (2021): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2021-1/111.

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Purpose. Improving the efficiency of photovoltaic power plants in power systems by creating a model for forecasting the amount of electricity produced in the form of a harmonic function and determining the prospects for using the selected mathematical software to develop software applications. Methodology. To determine the amount of electricity generated by photovoltaic plants per day and year, statistical methods are applied using the harmonic function which allows taking into account the main meteorological factors of power change of photomodules. A technique is proposed for taking into account the level of generation by photovoltaic stations to track changes in voltage levels in the connection nodes. Findings. Mathematical models for forecasting the electricity generation of photovoltaic stations for different time ranges are built. The influence of weather factors, the length of daylight and the structure of the local generation system on the level of electricity generated by photovoltaic plants is investigated. Necessity is conditioned to use a harmonic function for forecasting the amount of electricity produced, which improves the efficiency of calculations for new and existing power plants. Originality. The factors of the influence of daylight hours and cloudiness on the level of electricity generation by photovoltaic stations are taken into account, as well as meteorological data that make it possible to predict the value of the amount of electricity generated for a certain period of time. The dependences of the amount of generated electricity by photovoltaic stations are obtained in the form of a harmonious function with reference to a coefficient that takes into account the cloud level for predicting generation volumes. Practical value. Created mathematical models of forecasting by means of harmonic function and analysis of voltage change in nodes of local networks allow increasing the efficiency of photovoltaic stations, simplify calculation of change of levels of voltages in a electric network, the forecasted values of the generated electric power on the day ahead system on the basis of duration of the light day, meteorological data and other external factors at commissioning of photovoltaic stations.

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Idzkowski, Adam, Karolina Karasowska, and Wojciech Walendziuk. "Analysis of Three Small-Scale Photovoltaic Systems Based on Simulation and Measurement Data." Proceedings 51, no. 1 (July 30, 2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020051019.

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Sunlight is converted into electrical energy due to the photovoltaic effect in photovoltaic arrays. The energy yield of photovoltaic systems depends on the solar array location, orientation, tilt, tracking and local weather conditions. Currently, simulation software is most often used to analyze the operation of photovoltaic (PV) systems and to estimate the energy yield. In this article, the differences in energy yield calculations given by the simulation software and the measured data are determined. The analysis was carried out based on mathematical models and real measurement data, regarding the dependence of the average temperature of PV arrays on variable and difficult to predict ambient conditions. For the purpose of this analysis, thermal models for flat-plate photovoltaic arrays were used. The photovoltaic installations PV1, PV2a and PV2b, belonging to the hybrid power plant of the Bialystok University of Technology in Poland, were indicated as the data source. There is no universal mathematical model to determine the average temperature of the PV modules for every type of the installation with a small normalized root-mean-squared error. The Skoplaki model proved to be the best method in the case of a free-standing solar system. On the other hand, the data values obtained from building integrated installations were better modeled by a method which used parameters under NOCT (Normal Operating Cell Temperature) conditions.

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Obukhov, S. G. "A NEW METHOD FOR DETERMINING PARAMETERSOF PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE BASED ON THE DATAFROM TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION." Eurasian Physical Technical Journal 19, no. 1 (39) (March 28, 2022): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2022no1/55-64.

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In the given article the methodology of making a photovoltaic module mathematical model is presented, which lets reproduce its energy characteristics in real operating conditions. Also, the major types of mathematical models of photovoltaic converters are discussed and most well-known estimation methods of their parameters are analyzed. An original and simple way of parameters definition of photovoltaic module is introduced based on the technical specification data without using programming and developing numerical estimation algorithms. The suggested method is easily realized in the tabular program Excel with installed tool «Search for solutions». The simulation results of volt-ampere characteristic (V-I curve) of photovoltaic module Kyocera KC200GT are presented in a wide variation range of temperature and illumination. In addition, an accuracy evaluation is made by comparing the model characteristics and experimental data. The model was tested on a number of photovoltaic modules and proved good modeling results compliance with manufacturer’s data. The model provides a high modeling accuracy around MPP (maximum power point). This fact allows touse it for development of effective algorithms for photovoltaic power stations controllers, circuit design advancement of converting devices, prediction of power generation, operating modes analysis and optimization for photovoltaic systems

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Tugay, D. V., S. I. Korneliuk, O. O. Shkurpela, and V. S. Akimov. "Simulation of industrial solar photovoltaic station with transformerless converter system." Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, no. 5 (2020): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2021-5/073.

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Purpose. Creation of a detailed model of a solar photovoltaic station with a converter system based on a cascaded multi-level inverter with the MPPT (maximum power point tracker) function to investigate its operating modes in distributed power systems. Methodology. To carry out the research, the paper used the methods of system synthesis, mathematical and computer modeling to create photovoltaic station models and components; a physical experiment in obtaining thermal characteristics of the photovoltaic module Solarday SDM72360 W; modern power theories for synthesis of the vector control system of a multi-level inverter. Findings. the Matlab-model of solar photovoltaic station with transformerless 29-level cascade voltage inverter is synthesized. The model confirmed the serviceability and efficiency of the converter system and the power plant as a whole. An algorithm is proposed and an MPP tracker with volt-ampere characteristics of the photovoltaic module, which corresponds to the maximum power extraction, is synthesized on the basis of the algorithm. The algorithm was validated by the model for any solar radiation intensity. Originality. The total mathematical model of the photoelectric module, which accounts for its energy and heat characteristics, is obtained and can be used for simulating the operation of any computer model of the photoelectric converter under Matlab/Simulink/SimPowerSystems environment. Practical value. The model results indicate the prospects of industrial implementation of transformerless multi-level converter systems to be used in the structure of powerful solar photovoltaic stations.

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Anurag, Anup, Satarupa Bal, and Suman Sourav. "A Comparative Study of Mathematical Modeling of Photovoltaic Array." International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems 15, no. 4 (August 1, 2014): 313–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijeeps-2013-0115.

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Abstract This paper provides a detailed and comprehensive study of various models of photovoltaic (PV) array which have been formulated previously in the literature, using the datasheet parameters. In this paper, comparisons of the models have been made on basis of the MPP tracking, the root mean square deviation (RMSD) from the experimental data, the Fill Factor (FF), the efficiency of the model and the time required for simulation. Further, the resemblance with the actual P–V and I–V curves, as obtained on the basis of experimental data, has also been included in this analysis. On the basis of all these, the best model that can be used for simulation purposes, keeping in mind the necessary factors for a particular application, can be selected. It is envisaged that the work can be very useful for professionals who require simple and accurate PV simulators for their design. This paper is also intended to be a useful tool for the beginners who require a clear and logical insight regarding the working and modeling of PV cells. All the systems here are modeled and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink environment.

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Abd El-Aal, Abou El-Maaty M., Jürgen Schmid, Jochen Bard, and Peter Caselitz. "Modeling and Optimizing the Size of the Power Conditioning Unit for Photovoltaic Systems." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 128, no. 1 (March 9, 2005): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2148978.

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Photovoltaic (PV) systems, grid-connected or stand-alone, use the power conditioning unit (PCU) to optimize the energy transfer from the PV generator to the user load by using the maximum power point tracker, and also to invert, regulate, and wave shape the power between the components of the system. To study and optimize this system, different PCU models are applied. In this work different empirical models of the PCU have been set up. The purpose of this investigation is to verify the possibility of the PCU application to this system and study the different mathematical energy efficiency models. All these models have been simulated and compared with a typical real system to show which one is better. The second part of the paper includes the optimal size of the PCU with the PV system and also an application comparison between two possible locations for varied geographical latitudes, in Kassel/Germany (middle Europe) and Cairo/Egypt (North Africa).

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Shevchenko, S. Yu, D. O. Danylchenko, S. Yu Bilyk, A. E. Potryvai, and G. A. Kovtun. "Considering the effect of dustiness of a photovoltaic module surfaces on solar power generation by matlab software." Electrical Engineering and Power Engineering, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15588/1607-6761-2021-4-5.

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Purpose. Improving the simulation model of a solar power plant by creating a block model for accounting for dustiness of the surface of photovoltaic modules when calculating the efficiency of electric power generation by a solar power plant. Methodology. Use of statistical data processing methods and modeling in the structure of Matlab tools. Findings. A mathematical model was created, which made it possible to take into account the influence of dustiness of the surface of photovoltaic modules on the efficiency of electric power generation by a solar power station. The model was tested on the real object and the accuracy of modeling was proved. Originality. The scientific novelty is to create mathematical models that describe the effect of dust on the surface of photovoltaic modules on the efficiency of solar station generation based on the Bouguer-Lambert-Behr law, the blocks of precipitation influence on dust were developed, and the rate of dust accumulation was corrected by taking into account the air humidity. Practical value. The obtained results will help to improve the accuracy of modeling of all types of photovoltaic systems. These models can be used as the formation of commercial proposals with more accurate schedules of electric power generation, which can significantly increase the accuracy of the choice of rated capacity of equipment.

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Camargo, José Rui, Jamir Machado da Silva, Ederaldo Godoy Junior, Renan Eduardo da Silva, Luiz Eduardo Nicolini do Patrocínio Nunes, and Fabio Silva Rezende. "Direct Thermoelectric Microgeneration Using Residual Heat of Photovoltaic System." Advanced Materials Research 608-609 (December 2012): 97–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.608-609.97.

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All photovoltaic panel heats up when exposed to sunlight and this heating reduces the electrical power output of the same. This work presents the use of this unwanted waste heat, converting it into thermal energy directly by means of the Seebeck effect, which is the direct conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy by means of an arrangement of semiconductor materials that when exposed to temperature gradients generate electric current. In this work emphasis was placed on the influence of temperature on generation processes involved. Thus, the theoretical evaluation, it presents the mathematical models of thermoelectric and photovoltaic systems by raising the curves of voltage, current and electric power generated, and analyses the influence of temperature in each model. To obtain the simulation curves it uses MATLAB ® 5.3, taking into account the parameters of thermoelectric modules and real photovoltaic cells. In practical evaluation, a prototype was assembled containing thermoelectric module attached to the bottom of a photovoltaic panel in order to use the heat energy absorbed by the panel. The data were stored and analyzed, where we observed the influence of temperature in both systems, validating the mathematical modeling. It is the applicability of the mathematical model given the results obtained with the prototype system.

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Дисертації з теми "Photovoltaic power systems Mathematical models"

Assamagan, Ketevi Adikle. "Two-dimensional analytical model of an n+-p-p+ concentrator solar cell." Virtual Press, 1989. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/560283.

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A successful model that could accurately predict the performances of n+-p-p+ concentrator solar cells should include a model of carrier photogeneration rates consistent with the spectral content of the incident light. Furthermore, a finite back surface recombination velocity should be considered since new techniques such as 'Back Surface Field' were developed to reduce the recombination rate at the rear of the cell.In the present work, a two-dimensional concentrator solar cell is modeled for low levels of injection. The model however, assumes an incident light containing one single wavelength. The incident light is assumed to decrease linearly from the center of the illuminated area until it vanishes at the edges of the cell. Finite recombination velocities are taken into account at the front and the back surfaces. Finite-width space charge regions are also included. The transport equations are solved for the carrier concentrations in different regions of the cell. The current density expressions are derived. The generation of theoretical current voltage characteristics is outlined. However, the use of these characteristics to predict cell performances is left for further research.
Department of Physics and Astronomy

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Vichare, Nitin Shrikrishna. "Robust Mahalanobis distance in power systems state estimation." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40024.

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Altamirano, Chavez Armando. "An efficient algorithm using Householder's formulas for the solution of faulted power systems." Thesis, Kansas State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/9896.

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Wang, Yuanzhe, and 王远哲. "Macromodeling, passivity enforcement and fast simulation/verification for interconnects, power grids and large circuits." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46604376.

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Rohani, Mehdiabadi Behrooz. "Power control for mobile radio systems using perceptual speech quality metrics." University of Western Australia. School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0174.

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As the characteristics of mobile radio channels vary over time, transmit power must be controlled accordingly to ensure that the received signal level is within the receiver's sensitivity. As a consequence, modern mobile radio systems employ power control to regulate the received signal level such that it is neither less nor excessively larger than receiver sensitivity in order to maintain adequate service quality. In this context, speech quality measurement is an important aspect in the delivery of speech services as it will impact satisfaction of customers as well as the usage of precious system resources. A variety of techniques for speech quality measurement has been produced over the last few years as result of tireless research in the area of perceptual speech quality estimation. These are mainly based on psychoacoustic models of the human auditory systems. However, these techniques cannot be directly applied for real-time communication purposes as they typically require a copy of the transmitted and received speech signals for their operation. This thesis presents a novel technique of incorporating perceptual speech quality metrics with power control for mobile radio systems. The technique allows for standardized perceptual speech quality measurement algorithms to be used for in-service measurement of speech quality. The accuracy of the proposed Real-Time Perceptual Speech Quality Measurement (RTPSQM) technique with respect to measuring speech quality is first validated by extensive simulations. On this basis, RTPSQM is applied to power control in the Global System for Mobile (GSM) communication and the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS). It is shown by simulations that the use of perceptual-based power control in GSM and UMTS outperforms conventional power control in terms of reducing the transmitter signal power required for providing adequate speech quality. This in turn facilitates the observed increase in system capacity and thus offers better utilization of available system resources. To enable an analytical performance assessment of perceptual speech quality metrics in power control, the mathematical frameworks for conventional and perceptual-based power control are derived. The derivations are performed for Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems and kept as generic as possible. Numerical results are presented which could be used in a system design to readily find the Erlang capacity per cell for either of the considered power control algorithms.

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Flath, Allen III. "Mathematical Programming Approach for the Design of Satellite Power Systems." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/ece_etds/136.

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Satellite power systems can be understood as islanded dc microgrids supplied by specialized and coordinated solar cell arrays augmented by electrochemical battery systems to handle high-power loads and periods of eclipse. The periodic availability of power, the limited capacity of batteries, and the dependence of all mission service on power consumption create a unique situation in which temporal power and energy scarcity exist. A multi-period model of an orbital satellite power system’s performance over a mission’s duration can be constructed. A modular power system architecture is used to characterize the system’s constraints. Using mathematical programming, an optimization problem can be posed such that the optimal power and energy ratings for the power system are determined for any load schedule imposed by a given mission’s requirements. The optimal energy trajectory of the electrical power system over a mission’s duration is also determined when the mathematical programming problem is solved. A generic set of mission requirements is identified to test this approach, but the objective function of the resulting optimization problem can be modified to return different results. These results can provide a clear illustration of the trade-offs that designers of such power systems consider in the design process.

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Wang, Minnan, and 王旻楠. "Islanding of systems of distributed generation using optimization methodology." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44914933.

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Lam, King-hang, and 林勁恆. "Techniques for dynamic modelling of BIPV in supporting system design and BEMS." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39558460.

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Bhattacharya, Subroto. "Simulation of transient phenomena in high voltage direct-current converter systems." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26959.

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In this thesis models for the simulation of transient phenomena in high voltage direct-current systems are developed. The new converter model is versatile and the solution algorithm is free from numerical oscillations. A new generic inverter control described in this thesis is based on a predictive approach. Steady-state and transient simulations of two-terminal and multi-terminal (i.e., a parallel converter system) high voltage direct-current systems are carried out using the new converter system model. Comparison between the two-terminal transient simulation results and the high voltage direct-current simulator outputs shows good agreement. An alternating-current/direct-current initialization procedure for the Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP) has been investigated and a novel initialization algorithm has been suggested in this thesis.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of
Graduate

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Khosravi-Dehkordi, Iman. "Load flow feasibility under extreme contingencies." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100252.

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This thesis examines the problem of load flow feasibility, in other words, the conditions under which a power network characterized by the load flow equations has a steady-state solution. In this thesis, we are particularly interested in load flow feasibility in the presence of extreme contingencies such as the outage of several transmission lines.
Denoting the load flow equations by z = f(x) where z is the vector of specified injections (the real and reactive bus demands, the specified real power bus generations and the specified bus voltage levels), the question addressed is whether there exists a real solution x to z = f( x) where x is the vector of unknown bus voltage magnitudes at load buses and unknown bus voltage phase angles at all buses but the reference bus. Attacking this problem via conventional load flow algorithms has a major drawback, principally the fact that such algorithms do not converge when the load flow injections z define or are close to defining an infeasible load flow. In such cases, lack of convergence may be due to load flow infeasibility or simply to the ill-conditioning of the load flow Jacobian matrix.
This thesis therefore makes use of the method of supporting hyperplanes to characterize the load flow feasibility region, defined as the set the injections z for which there exists a real solution x to the load flow equations. Supporting hyperplanes allow us to calculate the so-called load flow feasibility margin, which determines whether a given injection is feasible or not as well as measuring how close the injection is to the feasibility boundary. This requires solving a generalized eigenvalue problem and a corresponding optimization for the closest feasible boundary point to the given injection.
The effect of extreme network contingencies on the feasibility of a given injection is examined for two main cases: those contingencies that affect the feasibility region such as line outages and those that change the given injection itself such as an increase in VAR demand or the loss of a generator. The results show that the hyperplane method is a powerful tool for analyzing the effect of extreme contingencies on the feasibility of a power network.

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Книги з теми "Photovoltaic power systems Mathematical models"

Santiago, Silvestre, ed. Modelling photovoltaic systems using PSpice. Chichester: John Wiley, 2002.

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Anders, George J., and Alfredo Vaccaro. Innovations in power systems reliability. London: Springer, 2011.

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Pardalos, P. M. Handbook of Power Systems I. Heidelberg: Springer, 2010.

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R, Watson N., and Institution of Electrical Engineers, eds. Power systems electromagnetic transients simulation. London: Institution of Electrical Engineers, 2003.

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Anderson, P. M. Subsynchronous resonance in power systems. New York: IEEE Press, 1990.

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Pai, M. A. Energy function analysis for power system stability. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989.

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A, Soliman S., ed. Optimal long-term operation of electric power systems. New York: Plenum Press, 1988.

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Crow, Mariesa. Computational methods for electric power systems. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FLA: CRC Press, 2010.

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Daṿid, Elmaḳis, ed. New computational methods in power system reliability. Berlin: Springer, 2008.

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Computational methods for electric power systems. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2010.

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Частини книг з теми "Photovoltaic power systems Mathematical models"

Zaslavskiy, Alexandr, and Oleh Karpenko. "Prognostic Model of a Photovoltaic Power Plant." In Mathematical Modeling and Simulation of Systems, 91–103. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89902-8_7.

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Hobbs, Benjamin F., and Richard E. Schuler. "Evaluation of Electric Power Deregulation Using Network Models of Oligopolistic Spatial Markets." In Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, 208–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-46548-2_9.

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Husain, Saiful Azmi, Mahmod Othman, and Noran Nur Wahida Khalili. "A Review on the Important Key Properties of Mathematical Models Describing Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) Solar Collectors System." In Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, 149–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79606-8_11.

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Zaporozhets, Artur, Vladyslav Khaidurov, and Tamara Tsiupii. "Creation of High-Speed Methods for Solving Mathematical Models of Inverse Problems of Heat Power Engineering." In Systems, Decision and Control in Energy III, 41–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87675-3_3.

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Hnydiuk-Stefan, Anna. "Methodology and Mathematical Models with Continuous Time for Technical and Economic Analysis of Effectiveness Modernization of Existing Coal Blocks for Dual-Fuel Gas-Steam Systems." In Dual-Fuel Gas-Steam Power Block Analysis, 81–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03050-6_5.

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Hnydiuk-Stefan, Anna. "Mathematical Models with the Continuous Time for Selection of the Optimum Power of a Gas Turbine Set for Newly Built Dual-Fuel Gas-Fired Combined Heat and Power Plants in Parallel Systems." In Dual-Fuel Gas-Steam Power Block Analysis, 39–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03050-6_4.

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Mazzà, Guglielmo, Marco Pasini, Silvia Ricci, Matthew Matimbwi, and Giampietro Pizzo. "Establishing Local Power Markets and Enabling Financial Access to Solar Photovoltaic Technologies: Experiences in Rural Tanzania." In Energiepolitik und Klimaschutz. Energy Policy and Climate Protection, 263–80. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-38215-5_11.

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AbstractEnergy inclusion is a major concern in Tanzania, where rural areas are widely lacking access to both power networks and off-grid systems. Different barriers are slowing the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 7: universal electrification in the country raises concerns in delays and equity. Financial exclusion adds to the complexity of adopting appropriate technological solutions, particularly for rural communities. Solar photovoltaic solutions represent an opportunity to increase energy access and enable growth. The introduction of new technological products requires to establish local power markets, including demand, financial resources and providers, supply mechanisms and after-sale services. The financing of renewable energy solutions for rural households partially relies on microfinance institutions and community financial groups. Technology suppliers are also providing financial services to expand access to solar and photovoltaic products, applying models mostly enabled by mobile payment systems. The paper assesses the effects of an initiative implemented in Malinyi and Kilombero districts to support the establishment of local solar power markets. The involvement of Village Community Banks to engage communities and develop sustainable financial schemes is evaluated, together with the complexity of combining awareness raising on technological solutions and financial education. Results of the implementation are presented and discussed evaluating the different ingredients of the established markets.

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"PV Output Characteristics and Mathematical Models." In Photovoltaic Power System, 65–101. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119280408.ch4.

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Mahmud, M. A., M. Jahangir Hossain, and H. R. Pota. "Stability Analysis of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems." In Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development, 254–70. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-1625-7.ch013.

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This chapter presents an overview Photovoltaic (PV) power generation and integration of PV systems with power grid. This chapter also presents a Feedback Linearizing Current Controller (FBLCC) to synchronize the PV system with the grid. This controller is designed based on the feedback linearization technique. The reference current for the controller is generated from the Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT). The stability of a single-phase grid connected PV system is analyzed through the Lyapunov function. To do these things, a suitable mathematical model of grid-connected PV system is also presented in this chapter. The performance of the designed controller is tested on a single-phase grid-connected PV system.

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Mahto, Rakeshkumar, and Reshma John. "Modeling of Photovoltaic Module." In Solar Cells [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97082.

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A Photovoltaic (PV) cell is a device that converts sunlight or incident light into direct current (DC) based electricity. Among other forms of renewable energy, PV-based power sources are considered a cleaner form of energy generation. Due to lower prices and increased efficiency, they have become much more popular than any other renewable energy source. In a PV module, PV cells are connected in a series and parallel configuration, depending on the voltage and current rating, respectively. Hence, PV modules tend to have a fixed topology. However, in the case of partial shading, mismatching or failure of a single PV cell can lead to many anomalies in a PV module’s functioning. If proper attention is not given, it can lead to the forward biasing of healthy PV cells in the module, causing them to consume the electricity instead of producing it, hence reducing the PV module’s overall efficiency. Hence, to further the PV module research, it is essential to have an approximate way to model them. Doing so allows for understanding the design’s pros and cons before deploying the PV module-based power system in the field. In the last decade, many mathematical models for PV cell simulation and modeling techniques have been proposed. The most popular among all the techniques are diode based PV modeling. In this book chapter, the author will present a double diode based PV cell modeling. Later, the PV module modeling will be presented using these techniques that incorporate mismatch, partial shading, and open/short fault. The partial shading and mismatch are reduced by incorporating a bypass diode along with a group of four PV cells. The mathematical model for showing the effectiveness of bypass diode with PV cells in reducing partial shading effect will also be presented. Additionally, in recent times besides fixed topology of series–parallel, Total Cross-Tied (TCT), Bridge Link (BL), and Honey-Comb (H-C) have shown a better capability in dealing with partial shading and mismatch. The book chapter will also cover PV module modeling using TCT, BL, and H-C in detail.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Photovoltaic power systems Mathematical models"

Oleg, Chalbash, and Berzan Vladimir. "Flexible Polynomial Mathematical Model of a Photovoltaic Power Plant." In 2019 International Conference on Electromechanical and Energy Systems (SIELMEN). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sielmen.2019.8905849.

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da Cunha Lima, Andrei, Charles Schardong, Frederico Schaf, and Leandro Michels. "Mathematical models used in photovoltaic system design software: a systematic review and a new proposal." In 2022 14th Seminar on Power Electronics and Control (SEPOC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sepoc54972.2022.9976460.

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Shen, Weixiang, Yi Ding, Fook Hoong Choo, Peng Wang, Poh Chiang Loh, and Kuan Khoon Tan. "Mathematical model of a solar module for energy yield simulation in photovoltaic systems." In 2009 International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems (PEDS 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/peds.2009.5385657.

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Mas, Ronald, Antonios Antoniou, Cesar Celis, and Arturo Berastain. "A Comprehensive Analysis of an Electrolytic Hydrogen Production System Based on Solar Radiation for the Generation of Clean Energy." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-69444.

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Abstract A comprehensive analysis of electrolytic hydrogen production systems based on solar radiation is carried in this work. In the referred analysis, directly coupled photovoltaic-electrolyzer hydrogen production systems were studied. Specifically, the studied systems were split into three subsystems, (i) photovoltaic (PV) power production, (ii) electrolyzer based hydrogen production, and (iii) hydrogen storage in tanks, each of them having its own model considerations and restrictions. Detailed mathematical models for the referred subsystems, including different photovoltaic and electrolyzer related technologies, have been developed and utilized in the analyses performed here. In particular, employing the aforementioned mathematical models, a modeling and simulation platform has been developed. Once developed, such platform has been used to parametrically study the behavior of entire hydrogen production systems, accounting for key variables such as solar irradiance, photovoltaic modules and electrolyzer cells temperature, and hydrogen production rate. Several plant designs options have been firstly determined and from the obtained results a specific one has been selected to further assessments. The particular system studied here is currently in the design phase so the outcomes from this work will be used in future for not only properly sizing it but also building and testing it. It is expected that the implementation of large-scale green hydrogen production plants will reduce the impact of energy production systems on both health and environment.

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Crosa, Giampaolo, Maurizio Lubiano, and Angela Trucco. "Modelling of PV-Powered Water Electrolysers." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-90906.

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In the near future the hydrogen production by means of advanced water electrolysers powered by renewable hybrid energy systems (Photovoltaic solar/wind) could help to resolve the electricity supply and environmental problems relating to the use of fossil fuels. In the light of this perspective the hydrogen represents an alternative energy carrier, helping to overcome all the problems related to the intermittent nature of solar and wind sources. A non linear dynamic simulator of a photovoltaic-hydrogen energy system has been realised, aiming to provide a useful instrument for the development of innovative strategies for plant control and plant operating guidance. The lumped parameter physical approach has been used, applying the fundamental conservation laws of mass, energy and momentum to every component of the plant. The water electrolyser model has been tailored on the characteristics of an advanced pressurised system, using a Casale Chemicals S.A. advanced cell bipolar design, with alkaline electrolyte (KOH solution), whose mathematical models was described by the authors in previous papers. A first version of this simulator has been improved by introducing a reliable thermal model, able to predict the solar panel temperature profile that affects the PV array performance; the panel model has been modified in order to reproduce precisely the I/V characteristics of any PV module, starting from its nominal data. Thanks to this model improvement, the simulator allowed to be used to maximise the PV power production, evaluating different control strategies: a Maximum Power Point Tracking (M.P.P.T) block has been then introduced in the model to optimise the generated power by the photovoltaic plant. The Joule losses due to the PV field internal wiring and to its feeding connection with the electrolyser have been also considered: it consents to separately compute the energy losses in the different PV-electrolyser coupling configurations, thus evaluating the best panel disposition in order to minimise the electric power dissipation. The simulator proved to be able to robustly predict the performance of the PV-electrolysis system for different configurations, operating conditions and control strategies. A steady-state analysis not appears in fact to be an adequate tool for these purposes.

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Bhargava, Akshay, and Hamidreza Najafi. "Photovoltaic-Thermoelectric Systems for Building Cooling Applications: A Preliminary Study." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-67507.

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Thermal comfort in buildings using energy efficient methods has attracted lots of attentions during last few decades. In the present paper, the feasibility of using thermoelectric (TE) modules to provide cooling for a residential building located in Melbourne, FL is studied. It is assumed that photovoltaic (PV) panels are used to provide necessary power for TE operation. The building roof is covered with PV panels and an air channel is installed on the bottom of the panels. The TE modules are located inside the air channel and are attached to a metal sheet from the bottom which constructs the ceiling of the building. The metal sheet on the ceiling cools down in summer to provide space cooling through natural convection and radiation. A mathematical model is developed to simulate the system in MATLAB. The simulation results include transient temperature values through each layer of the system and heat removal/rejection rates from thermoelectric modules. A specific temperature is defined for thermal comfort and the number of TE modules that is required to maintain the temperature below the limit is determined. The results suggest that TE modules can be successfully used for building cooling applications. Further investigation and experiments are required for a comprehensive design of the system.

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Reza Kheirkhah, Ali, Alejandra Tabares Pozos, Seyed Farhad Zandrazavi, John Fredy Franco, and Jonatas Boas Leite. "A Stochastic Programming Model for the Optimal Allocation of Photovoltaic Distributed Generation in Electrical Distribution Systems Considering Load Variations and Generation Uncertainty." In Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Elétricos - SBSE2020. sbabra, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.48011/sbse.v1i1.2247.

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Nowadays, the penetration of distributed generation (DG) units in power systems is increasing because of their benefits on the power systems. Place, type and size of distributed generators play an important role in power loss reduction, power quality improvement, security enhancement, and cost reduction. Therefore, optimal placement and sizing of DG units in electric power systems are one of the most important problems that should be evaluated carefully. DG allocation is a constrained optimization problem with different important objectives such as power loss minimization, voltage profile improvement, reliability enhancement, investment and operation cost reduction, etc. In this paper, regarding higher distribution active losses compared to transmission and generation losses and investment limitation, DG allocation problem is solved for photovoltaic units, aiming minimization of energy and investment costs considering generation uncertainty and load variation. Due to high uncertainties of solar energy resource, the problem is evaluated under different scenarios of solar radiation under a stochastic programming approach. Tests were carried out using the 33-node distribution system and the obtained results demonstrate the advantage of optimal DG allocation as well as the efficiency of the adopted mathematical to find the optimal solution.

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Helvaci, Huseyin Utku, and Zulfiqar Ahmad Khan. "A Theoretical and Experimental Study of HFE-7000 in a Small Scale Solar Organic Rankine Cycle As a Thermofluid." In ASME 2017 Power Conference Joint With ICOPE-17 collocated with the ASME 2017 11th International Conference on Energy Sustainability, the ASME 2017 15th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2017 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power-icope2017-3194.

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Renewable energy technologies and sources have been playing a key role in reducing CO2 emissions and its footprint. Solar energy which is one of the major renewable energy sources can be utilized by means of solar Photovoltaic (PV) or solar collectors. Concentrating solar collectors supply thermal energy from medium to high grade where as non-concentrating collectors (flat plate) delivers low-grade thermal energy. The use of thermofluids with boiling temperatures lower than water, allows the operation of low grade solar thermal systems on an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) to generate both mechanical and heat energy. At the same time, the selection of an appropriate thermofluid is an important process and has a significant effect both on the system performance and the environment. Hydrofluoroethers (HFEs) are non-ozone depleting substances and they have relatively low global warming potential (GWP). In this study, a solar ORC is designed and commissioned to use HFE 7000 as a thermofluid. The proposed system consists of a flat-plate solar collector, a vane expander, a condenser and a pump where the collector and the expander are used as the heat source and prime mover of the cycle respectively. The performance of the system is determined through energy analysis. Then, a mathematical model of the cycle is developed to perform the simulations using HFE-7000 at various expander pressure values. Experimental data indicates that the efficiency and the net mechanical work output of the cycle were found to be 3.81% and 135.96 W respectively. The simulation results show that increasing the pressure ratio of the cycle decreased the amount of the heat that is transferred to HFE 7000 in the collector due to the increased heat loss from the collector to the environment. Furthermore, the net output of the system followed a linear augmentation as the pressure ratio of the system increased. In conclusion, both the experimental and theoretical research indicates that HFE 7000 offers a viable alternative to be used efficiently in small scale solar ORCs to generate mechanical and heat energy.

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Patel, Shreyas M., Paul T. Freeman, and John R. Wagner. "An Electrical Microgrid: Integration of Solar Panels, Compressed Air Storage, and a Micro-Cap Gas Turbine." In ASME 2014 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2014-6058.

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Non-renewable energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas are being consumed at a brisk pace while greenhouse gases contribute to atmospheric pollution. A global shift is underway toward the inclusion of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, for generating electrical and mechanical power. To meet this emerging demand, a solar based electrical microgrid study is underway at Clemson University. Solar energy is harvested from photovoltaic panels capable of producing 15 kW of DC power. Compressed air energy storage has been evaluated using the generated solar power to operate an electric motor driven piston compressor. The compressed air is then stored under pressure and supplied to a natural gas driven Capstone C30 MicroTurbine with attached electric power generator. The compressed air facilitates the turbine’s rotor-blade operated compression stage resulting in direct energy savings. A series of mathematical models have been developed. To evaluate the feasibility and energy efficiency improvements, the experimental and simulation results indicated that 127.8 watts of peak power was delivered at 17.5 Volts and 7.3 Amps from each solar panel. The average power generation over a 24-hour time period from 115 panels was 15 kW DC or 6 kW of AC power at 208/240 VAC and 25 Amps from the inverter. This electrical power could run a 5.2 kW reciprocating compressor for approximately 5 hours storing 1,108 kg of air at a 1.2 MPa pressure. A case study indicated that the microturbine, when operated without compressed air storage, consumed 11.2 kg of gaseous propane for 30 kW·hr of energy generation. In contrast, the microturbine operated in conjunction with solar supplied air storage could generate 50.8 kW·hr of electrical energy for a similar amount of fuel consumption. The study indicated an 8.1% efficiency improvement in energy generated by the system which utilized compressed air energy storage over the traditional approach.

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Nafeh, Abd El-Shafy A. "Hydrogen Production From a PV/PEM Electrolyzer System Using a Neural-Network-Based MPPT Algorithm." In ASME 2010 13th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2010-40224.

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The electrolysis of water using a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzer is a very vital and efficient method of producing hydrogen (H2). The performance of this method can be significantly improved if a photovoltaic (PV) array, with maximum-power-point (MPP) tracker, is utilized as an energy source for the electrolyzer. This paper suggests a stand-alone PV/PEM electrolyzer system to produce pure hydrogen. The paper also develops the different mathematical models for each constituent subsystem. Moreover, the paper develops the suitable maximum-power-point tracking algorithm that is based upon utilizing the neural network. This algorithm is utilized together with the action of the PI controller to improve the performance of the suggested stand-alone PV/PEM electrolyzer system through maximizing the hydrogen production rate for every instant. Finally, the suggested hydrogen production system is simulated using the Matlab/Simulink and neural network toolbox. The simulation results of the system indicate the improved relative performance of the suggested hydrogen production system compared with the traditional case of direct connection between the PV array and the PEM electrolyzer.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Photovoltaic power systems Mathematical models"

Emery, Keith. Improving Translation Models for Predicting the Energy Yield of Photovoltaic Power Systems. Cooperative Research and Development Final Report, CRADA Number CRD-13-526. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1215351.

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Rusk, Todd, Ryan Siegel, Linda Larsen, Tim Lindsey, and Brian Deal. Technical and Financial Feasibility Study for Installation of Solar Panels at IDOT-owned Facilities. Illinois Center for Transportation, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-024.

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The Smart Energy Design Assistance Center assessed the administrative, technical, and economic aspects of feasibility related to the procurement and installation of photovoltaic solar systems on IDOT-owned buildings and lands. To address administrative feasibility, we explored three main ways in which IDOT could procure solar projects: power purchase agreement (PPA), direct purchase, and land lease development. Of the three methods, PPA and direct purchase are most applicable for IDOT. While solar development is not free of obstacles for IDOT, it is administratively feasible, and regulatory hurdles can be adequately met given suitable planning and implementation. To evaluate IDOT assets for solar feasibility, more than 1,000 IDOT sites were screened and narrowed using spatial analytic tools. A stakeholder feedback process was used to select five case study sites that allowed for a range of solar development types, from large utility-scale projects to small rooftop systems. To evaluate financial feasibility, discussions with developers and datapoints from the literature were used to create financial models. A large solar project request by IDOT can be expected to generate considerable attention from developers and potentially attractive PPA pricing that would generate immediate cash flow savings for IDOT. Procurement partnerships with other state agencies will create opportunities for even larger projects with better pricing. However, in the near term, it may be difficult for IDOT to identify small rooftop or other small on-site solar projects that are financially feasible. This project identified two especially promising solar sites so that IDOT can evaluate other solar site development opportunities in the future. This project also developed a web-based decision-support tool so IDOT can identify potential sites and develop preliminary indications of feasibility. We recommend that IDOT begin the process of developing at least one of their large sites to support solar electric power generation.

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