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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Photone"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022
Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Photone"

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Zharkova, Galina, Valentina Kovrizhina, and Aleksandr Petrov. "EFFECT OF THE PHOTONE CRYSTALS ON THE PROPERTIES OF THE PRESSURE-SENSITIVE LUMINOPHOR." Perm National Research Polytechnic University Aerospace Engineering Bulletin, no. 47 (2016): 123–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/2224-9982/2016.47.07.

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2

Uppu, Ravitej, Freja T. Pedersen, Ying Wang, Cecilie T. Olesen, Camille Papon, Xiaoyan Zhou, Leonardo Midolo, et al. "Scalable integrated single-photon source." Science Advances 6, no. 50 (December 2020): eabc8268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc8268.

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Photonic qubits are key enablers for quantum information processing deployable across a distributed quantum network. An on-demand and truly scalable source of indistinguishable single photons is the essential component enabling high-fidelity photonic quantum operations. A main challenge is to overcome noise and decoherence processes to reach the steep benchmarks on generation efficiency and photon indistinguishability required for scaling up the source. We report on the realization of a deterministic single-photon source featuring near-unity indistinguishability using a quantum dot in an “on-chip” planar nanophotonic waveguide circuit. The device produces long strings of >100 single photons without any observable decrease in the mutual indistinguishability between photons. A total generation rate of 122 million photons per second is achieved, corresponding to an on-chip source efficiency of 84%. These specifications of the single-photon source are benchmarked for boson sampling and found to enable scaling into the regime of quantum advantage.
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3

Chen, Wenlan, Kristin M. Beck, Robert Bücker, Michael Gullans, Mikhail D. Lukin, Haruka Tanji-Suzuki, and Vladan Vuletić. "All-Optical Switch and Transistor Gated by One Stored Photon." Science 341, no. 6147 (July 4, 2013): 768–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1238169.

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The realization of an all-optical transistor, in which one “gate” photon controls a “source” light beam, is a long-standing goal in optics. By stopping a light pulse in an atomic ensemble contained inside an optical resonator, we realized a device in which one stored gate photon controls the resonator transmission of subsequently applied source photons. A weak gate pulse induces bimodal transmission distribution, corresponding to zero and one gate photons. One stored gate photon produces fivefold source attenuation and can be retrieved from the atomic ensemble after switching more than one source photon. Without retrieval, one stored gate photon can switch several hundred source photons. With improved storage and retrieval efficiency, our work may enable various new applications, including photonic quantum gates and deterministic multiphoton entanglement.
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4

Konoike, Ryotaro, Haruyuki Nakagawa, Masahiro Nakadai, Takashi Asano, Yoshinori Tanaka, and Susumu Noda. "On-demand transfer of trapped photons on a chip." Science Advances 2, no. 5 (May 2016): e1501690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501690.

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Анотація:
Photonic crystal nanocavities, which have modal volumes of the order of a cubic wavelength in the material, are of great interest as flexible platforms for manipulating photons. Recent developments in ultra-high quality factor nanocavities with long photon lifetimes have encouraged us to develop an ultra-compact and flexible photon manipulation technology where photons are trapped in networks of such nanocavities. The most fundamental requirement is the on-demand transfer of photons to and from the trapped states of arbitrary nanocavities. We experimentally demonstrate photon transfer between two nearly resonant nanocavities at arbitrary positions on a chip, triggered by the irradiation of a third nonresonant nanocavity using an optical control pulse. We obtain a high transfer efficiency of ~90% with a photon lifetime of ~200 ps.
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5

Solntsev, A. S., F. Setzpfandt, A. S. Clark, C. W. Wu, M. J. Collins, C. Xiong, A. Schreiber, et al. "Quantum Walks of Photons on a Nonlinear Chip." Asia Pacific Physics Newsletter 04, no. 01 (October 23, 2015): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2251158x1500020x.

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Анотація:
Quantum entanglement underpins the realization of quantum simulators and computers, which can be used for unbreakable cryptography and powerful computational algorithms. Entangled photons are an ideal medium for creating and manipulating quantum states due to the low noise and ease of transmission. A qubit encoded into a photon can be easily sent between different photonic elements along an optical fiber, in analogy with the transmission of classical bits along electrical wires. Furthermore, logic operations can be performed on entangled photons by exploiting the nonlinearity inherent to quantum measurements [1]. The practical implementation of complex applications requires the minimization of coupling losses, as well as stable quantum interference. Low losses and interferometric stability allow strong entanglement between output photons. One of the biggest milestones in achieving these requirements is the integration of photon sources together with optical circuits on the same photonic chip.
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6

Saleh, Gh, M. J. Faraji, R. Alizadeh, and A. Dalili. "A New Explanation for the Color Variety of Photons." MATEC Web of Conferences 186 (2018): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818601003.

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This new explanation is based on Wave-Particle Duality and Newtonian Laws and represents a unique definition of a three-dimensional motion for the photon, whose dual behavior is partly explained by the double-slit experiment of Thomas Young, who represents the photon's motion as a wave, and by the Photoelectric effect, in which the photon is considered as a particle. However, for scientists, the photon's true motion is unclear. In this article, we define a new type of motion for photons to solve both this ambiguity and the difficulty of presenting a three-dimensional trajectory for the photon's motion, and present a new formula to calculate its energy. In addition, because we believe in the helical motion of photons, where r is the gyroradius, we believe that their color is an effect of the order of magnitude of r. We present real examples that prove our energy formula.
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7

Xiong, Chunle, Bryn Bell, and Benjamin J. Eggleton. "CMOS-compatible photonic devices for single-photon generation." Nanophotonics 5, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 427–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2016-0022.

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AbstractSources of single photons are one of the key building blocks for quantum photonic technologies such as quantum secure communication and powerful quantum computing. To bring the proof-of-principle demonstration of these technologies from the laboratory to the real world, complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible photonic chips are highly desirable for photon generation, manipulation, processing and even detection because of their compactness, scalability, robustness, and the potential for integration with electronics. In this paper, we review the development of photonic devices made from materials (e.g., silicon) and processes that are compatible with CMOS fabrication facilities for the generation of single photons.
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8

Chumak, O., and N. Sushkova. "Operator of Photon Density in the Phase Space." Ukrainian Journal of Physics 57, no. 1 (January 30, 2012): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ujpe57.1.30.

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The possibility to describe the evolution of an electromagnetic field by means of the photon distribution function in the phase space (r, q-space) is studied. This function defined by analogy with the coarse-grained Mandel operator of photon density in the configuration space is used to characterize the local density of photons with a given momentum. Approximate eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the distribution function, corresponding to one-photon localized states of the electromagnetic field, are obtained. It is shown that the photon transport is governed by the Newton mechanics if the "external force" acting on photons is a slowly varying function of spatial variables. It is shown that the distribution function at any time can be expressed via the initialdistribution and photon's trajectories.
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9

Khumalo, Bhekuzulu. "What is Heat; The Photon is Heat." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PHYSICS 15 (January 12, 2019): 6018–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jap.v15i0.7896.

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Анотація:
All photons will burn you. How do we describe photons as having different amounts of energy? This paper illustrates photons do not have different amounts of energies, rather different types of energy. The experiment of 1800 provides enough data to be analyzed because it has that third point to question the idea that photons carry different amounts of energy. This paper argues that all photons have equal amounts of energy just different types of energy. The composition of the energy within a photon depends on the frequency of a photon, a lower frequency photon like those represented by infrared can boil water faster than higher frequency blue light. A higher frequency photon like a gamma particle is stopped by lead. Given the nature that heat is from photons we can start thinking of sophisticated thermometers that give us the quality of heat not just the quantity of heat. It is the atmosphere that gives more evidence around the nature of photons, we can understand the cycle of the photon/ photonic cycle/ electromagnetic cycle, allowing us to ponder on deep philosophical meanings, intelligent life is there for universe to sustain itself, as well as ask the question why we are not burning given the nature of low frequency electromagnetic radiation. And for those vigorously looking for habitable planets out there, the idea of the circumstellar habitable zone must change to accommodate the proper understanding of heat.
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10

Aloafi, Tahani A., Azhari A. Elhag, Taghreed M. Jawa, Neveen Sayed-Ahmed, Fatimah S. Bayones, Jamel Bouslimi, and Marin Marin. "Predication and Photon Statistics of a Three-Level System in the Photon Added Negative Binomial Distribution." Symmetry 14, no. 2 (January 31, 2022): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14020284.

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Statistical and artificial neural network models are applied to forecast the quantum scheme of a three-level atomic system (3LAS) and field, initially following a photon added negative binomial distribution (PANBD). The Mandel parameter is used to detect the photon statistics of a radiation field. Explicit forms of the PANBD are given. The prediction of the Mandel parameter, atomic probability of the 3LAS in the upper state, and von Neumann entropy are obtained using time series and artificial neural network methods. The influence of probability success photons and the number of added photons to the NBD are examined. The total density matrix is used to compute and analyze the time evolution of the initial photonic negative binomial probability distribution that governs the 3LAS–field photon entanglement behavior. It is shown that the statistical quantities are strongly affected by probability success photons and the number of added photons to the NBD. Also, the prediction of quantum entropy is achieved by the time series and neural network.
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Дисертації з теми "Photone"

1

Snizhko, D. "Photone counting for single molecula acts registration." Thesis, КрНУ, 2018. http://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/7522.

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The proposed technic that included electrochemiluminescent amplification of the signal assists to obtain feedback on the interaction individual particles including organic molecules with an electrode. In the work the principal posibility to obtain a responce from a signal on ultramicroelectrodes is shown
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2

Upham, Jeremy. "Dynamic Photon Control by Photonic Crystals." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/142228.

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3

Heinze, Dirk, Artur Zrenner, and Stefan Schumacher. "Polarization-entangled twin photons from two-photon quantum-dot emission." AMER PHYSICAL SOC, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624438.

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Semiconductor quantum dots are promising sources for polarization-entangled photons. As an alternative to the usual cascaded biexciton-exciton emission, direct two-photon emission from the biexciton can be used. With a high-quality optical resonator tuned to half the biexciton energy, a large proportion of the photons can be steered into the two-photon emission channel. In this case the degree of polarization entanglement is inherently insensitive to the exciton fine-structure splitting. In the present work we analyze the biexciton emission with particular emphasis on the influence of coupling of the quantum-dot cavity system to its environment. Especially for a high-quality cavity, the coupling to the surrounding semiconductormaterial can open up additional phonon-assisted decay channels. Our analysis demonstrates that with the cavity tuned to half the biexciton energy, the potentially detrimental influence of the phonons on the polarization entanglement is strongly suppressed-high degrees of entanglement can still be achieved. We further discuss spectral properties and statistics of the emitted twin photons.
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4

Lillich, Joachim. "Untersuchung der Produktion prompter Photonen und neutraler Pionen in der Photon-Photon-Streuung mit dem OPAL-Experiment." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=970692706.

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5

Saulnier, Nicole A. "Computational Modeling of Photonic Crystal Microcavity Single-Photon Emitters." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2011. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/53.

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Анотація:
Conventional cryptography is based on algorithms that are mathematically complex and difficult to solve, such as factoring large numbers. The advent of a quantum computer would render these schemes useless. As scientists work to develop a quantum computer, cryptographers are developing new schemes for unconditionally secure cryptography. Quantum key distribution has emerged as one of the potential replacements of classical cryptography. It relies on the fact that measurement of a quantum bit changes the state of the bit and undetected eavesdropping is impossible. Single polarized photons can be used as the quantum bits, such that a quantum system would in some ways mirror the classical communication scheme. The quantum key distribution system would include components that create, transmit and detect single polarized photons. The focus of this work is on the development of an efficient single-photon source. This source is comprised of a single quantum dot inside of a photonic crystal microcavity. To better understand the physics behind the device, a computational model is developed. The model uses Finite-Difference Time-Domain methods to analyze the electromagnetic field distribution in photonic crystal microcavities. It uses an 8-band k · p perturbation theory to compute the energy band structure of the epitaxially grown quantum dots. We discuss a method that combines the results of these two calculations for determining the spontaneous emission lifetime of a quantum dot in bulk material or in a microcavity. The computational models developed in this thesis are used to identify and characterize microcavities for potential use in a single-photon source. The computational tools developed are also used to investigate novel photonic crystal microcavities that incorporate 1D distributed Bragg reflectors for vertical confinement. It is found that the spontaneous emission enhancement in the quasi-3D cavities can be significantly greater than in traditional suspended slab cavities.
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6

Cordier, Martin. "Photon-pair generation in hollow-core photonic-crystal fiber." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLT024/document.

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Анотація:
Les sources de paires de photons sont un composant essentiel des technologies émergentes en information quantique. De nombreux travaux ont permis des avancées importantes utilisant des processus non linéaires d'ordre 2 dans les cristaux et les guides d'ondes, et d'ordre 3 dans les fibres. Les limitations viennent dans le premier cas, des pertes et en particulier des pertes de couplage avec les fibres optiques et dans le second cas, du bruit dû à l'effet Raman dont le spectre est très large dans les fibres de silice. Ce projet propose une nouvelle architecture basée sur des fibres à cristal photonique à coeur creux (FCPCC) que l'on peut remplir de liquide ou de gaz non linéaire. Cette configuration permet la génération paramétrique de paires de photons corrélés par mélange à quatre ondes sans l'inconvénient de la diffusion Raman. Cette technologie offre une large gamme de paramètres à explorer en s'appuyant sur les propriétés physiques et linéaires contrôlables des FCPCC et la possibilité de remplissage de ces fibres avec des fluides aux propriétés non-linéaires variées. En effet, par une conception judicieuse de la FCPCC et un choix approprié du liquide ou du gaz, il est possible de (i) contrôler la dispersion et la transmission pour générer des photons corrélés sur une large gamme spectrale avec la condition d'accord de phase la plus favorable, (ii) d'ajuster la taille de coeur de la fibre et/ou sa forme pour augmenter sa non-linéarité ou son efficacité de couplage avec d'autres fibres et (iii) de s'affranchir totalement de l'effet Raman si on utilise par exemple un gaz monoatomique, ou d'obtenir des raies Raman fines, aisément discriminables des raies paramétriques dans le cas d'un liquide
Photon pair sources are an essential component of the emerging quantum information technology. Despite ingenious proposals being explored in the recent years based on either second order nonlinear processes in crystals and waveguides or on third order processes in fibers, limitations remain, due to losses and specifically coupling losses in the former case and due to Raman generation in silica, giving rise to a broad spectrum noise in the latter. These limitations have been challenging to lift because of the limited alternative nonlinear materials that fulfil the conditions for the generation of bright and high fidelity photon pairs in integrable photonic structures. In the present project, we develop a new and versatile type of photonic architecture for quantum information applications that offers access to a variety of nonlinear optical materials that are micro-structured in optical fiber forms to generate photon pairs, without the drawback of Raman scattering and with a large design parameter-space. Indeed, with a careful design of the HCPCF along with the appropriate choice of fluid, one can (i) control the dispersion and the transmission to generate photons with the most favourable phase-matching condition over a large spectral range, (ii) adjust the fibre core size and/or shape to enhance nonlinearity or the coupling efficiency with other fibres, (iii) totally suppress the Raman effect in monoatomic gases for instance or have only narrow and separated Raman lines that can thus be easily separated from the useful parametric lines in liquids
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7

Cajgfinger, Thomas. "Etudes théorique et expérimentale du suivi de particules uniques en conditions extrêmes : imagerie aux photons uniques." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00999629.

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Анотація:
Ce manuscrit présente mon travail de thèse portant sur le détecteur de photons niques electron-bpmbarded CMOS (ebCMOS) à haute cadence de lecture (500 images/seconde). La première partie compare trois détecteurs ultra-sensibles et leurs méthodes d'amélioration de la sensibilité au photon : le CMOS bas bruit sCMOS), l'électron-multiplying CCD (emCCD) à multiplication du signal apr pixel et l'ebCMOS à amplification par application d'un champ électrique. La méthode de mesure de l'impact intra-pixel des photons sur le détecteur ebCMOS est présentée. La seconde partie compare la précision de localisation de ces trois détecteurs dans des conditions extrêmes de très bas flux de phtons (<10 photons/image). La limite théoriques est d'abord calculée à l'aide de la limite inférieure de Cramér-Rao pour ces jeux de paramètres significatifs. Une comparaison expérimentale des trois détecteurs est ensuite décrite. Le montage permet la création d'un ou plusieurs points d'accès contrôlés en position, nombre de photons et bruit de fond. Les résultats obtenus permettent une comparaison de l'efficacité, de la pureté et de la précision de localisation des sources. La dernière partie décrit deux expériences réalisées avec la caméra ebCMOS. La première consiste au suivi des nano-cristaux libres (D>10 µm2/s) au centre Nanoptec avec l''équipe de Christophe Dujardin. La seconde s'intéresse à la nage de bactéries en surface à l'Institu Joliot curie avec l'équipe de Laurence Lemelle. L'algorithme de suivi de sources ponctuelles au photon unique avec l'implémentation d'un filtre de Kalman est aussi décrit.
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8

Simonyan, Ani. "Dark Photon Search with the HPS Experiment at JLab." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS561/document.

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L'expérience HPS (Heavy Photon Search) au Jefferson Lab (USA)recherche un nouveau boson de jauge vecteur, nommé "photon lourd" ou "photon sombre", dans une fourchette de masse allant de 20 à 1000 MeV. Une telle particule couplerait avec le photon du modèle standard par effet de "kinetic mixing" et pourrait ainsi être émis par l'intermédiaire d'électrons. En utilisant un faisceau d'électron de haute intensité d’un à six GeV envoyé sur une cible de tungstène, HPS cherche à détecter une fine résonance dans le bruit de fond produit par les processus QED qui serait la signature d'un photon lourd. HPS exploitera aussi le fait qu'à très petit couplages, le photon lourd se désintègrera après une distance détectable, fournissant ainsi une seconde signature sous la forme d'un vertex éloigné de la cible. Dans cette thèse, je présente les motivations pour une telle recherche de photon lourd dans ce domaine spécifique de l'espace de phase, puis je présente le spectromètre HPS, en détaillant en particulier le calorimètre électromagnétique qui a été l'un de mes sujets d'étude. Ensuite, je présente mon travail utilisant une intégration Monte-Carlo pour calculer la section efficace des processus QED attendus dans l'expérience HPS. Finalement, je présente dans cette thèse mon analyse de donnée pour la recherche d'un pic sur le bruit de fond QED dans les données acquises au printemps 2015
The heavy photon search (HPS) experiment in Jefferson Lab (USA) is looking for a new vector gauge boson, called "heavy photon" or "dark photon", in a mass range of 20 MeV to 1000 MeV. Such particle can couple to the standard model photon through kinetic mixing and therefore can be radiated in electron scatterings. Using a high intensity, one to six GeV electron beam sent onto a tungsten target, HPS will look for a narrow resonance above the QED background that would be a signature of a dark photon. HPS will also exploit the fact that for small couplings, this dark photon would also travel a detectable distance before decaying, providing a second signature in the form of a vertex away from the target. In this thesis, I will present the motivations to look for such a dark photon in this particular domain of phase space, then present the HPS spectrometer, with a particular focus on the electromagnetic calorimeter which was a focus of my work. Then, I will present my work using a Monte-Carlo integration to calculate the cross section of the expected background QED processes for the HPS experiment. The final part of my work presented in this thesis will be focused on my data analysis, looking for a bump on the QED background, I carried out using data taken in Spring 2015
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Schröder, Tim. "Integrated photonic systems for single photon generation and quantum applications." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16723.

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Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Dissertation wurden neuartige integrierte Einzelphotonenquellen (EPQ) und ihre Anwendung für die Quanteninformationsverarbeitung entwickelt und untersucht. Die Erzeugung von Einzelphotonen basiert auf einzelnen Defektzentren in nanometergroßen Diamantkristallen mit einzigartigen optischen Eigenschaften: Stabilität bei Zimmertemperatur ohne optisches Blinken. Diamantkristalle mit Größen bis unter 20nm wurden mit neuartigen „pick-and-place“ Techniken (z.B. mit einem Atomkraftmikroskop) in komplexe photonische Strukturen integriert. Zwei unterschiedliche Ansätze für die Realisierung der neuartigen EPQ wurden verfolgt. Beim ersten werden fluoreszierende Diamantkristalle in nano- und mikrometergroße Faser-basierte oder resonante Strukturen in einem „bottom-up“ Ansatz integriert, dadurch werden zusätzliche optische Komponenten überflüssig und das Gesamtsystem ultra-stabil und wartungsfrei. Der zweite Ansatz beruht auf einem Festkörperimmersionsmikroskop (FIM). Seine Festkörperimmersionslinse wirkt wie eine dielektrische Antenne für die Emission der Defektzentren. Es ermöglicht die höchsten bisher erreichten Photonenzählraten von Stickstoff-Fehlstellen von bis zu 2.4Mcts/s und Einsammeleffizienzen von bis zu 4.2%. Durch Anwendung des FIM bei cryogenen Temperaturen wurden neuartige Anwendungen und fundamentale Untersuchungen möglich, weil Photonenraten signifikant erhöht wurden. Die Bestimmung der spektralen Diffusionszeit eines einzelnen Defektzentrums (2.2µs) gab neue Erkenntnisse über die Ursachen von spektraler Diffusion. Spektrale Diffusion ist eine limitierende Eigenschaft für die Realisierung von Quanteninformationsanwendungen. Das Tisch-basierte FIM wurde außerdem als kompakte mobile EPQ mit Ausmaßen von nur 7x19x23cm^3 realisiert. Es wurde für ein Quantenkryptographie-Experiment implementiert, zum ersten Mal mit Siliziumdefektzentren. Des Weiteren wurde ein neues Konzept für die Erzeugung von infraroten EPQ entwickelt und realisiert.
The presented thesis covers the development and investigation of novel integrated single photon (SP) sources and their application for quantum information schemes. SP generation was based on single defect centers in diamond nanocrystals. Such defect centers offer unique optical properties as they are room temperature stable, non-blinking, and do not photo-bleach over time. The fluorescent nanocrystals are mechanically stable, their size down to 20nm enabled the development of novel nano-manipulation pick-and-place techniques, e.g., with an atomic force microscope, for integration into photonic structures. Two different approaches were pursued to realize novel SP sources. First, fluorescent diamond nanocrystals were integrated into nano- and micrometer scaled fiber devices and resonators, making them ultra-stable and maintenance free. Secondly, a solid immersion microscope (SIM) was developed. Its solid immersion lens acts as a dielectric antenna for the emission of defect centers, enabling the highest photon rates of up to 2.4Mcts/s and collection efficiencies of up to 4.2% from nitrogen vacancy defect centers achieved to date. Implementation of the SIM at cryogenic temperatures enabled novel applications and fundamental investigations due to increased photon rates. The determination of the spectral diffusion time of a single nitrogen vacancy defect center (2.2µs) gave new insights about the mechanisms causing spectral diffusion. Spectral diffusion is a limiting property for quantum information applications. The table-top SIM was integrated into a compact mobile SP system with dimension of only 7x19x23cm^3 while still maintaining record-high stable SP rates. This makes it interesting for various SP applications. First, a quantum key distribution scheme based on the BB84 protocol was implemented, for the first time also with silicon vacancy defect centers. Secondly, a conceptually novel scheme for the generation of infrared SPs was introduced and realized.
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10

Knauer, Sebastian. "Photonic structure coupling and strain sensing with single photon emitters." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.715786.

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Книги з теми "Photone"

1

Grimes, Dale M. Photon creation - annihilation: Continuum electromagnetic theory. Singapore: World Scientific, 2012.

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2

Photon Correlation & Scattering Topical Meeting (1996 Capri, Italy). Photon correlation & scattering: Summaries of the papers presented at the topical meeting, August 21-24, 1996, Capri, Italy. Washington, DC: Optical Society of America, 1996.

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3

Photon Correlation and Scattering: Theory and Applications Topical Meeting (1992 Boulder, Colo.). Photon correlation and scattering: Theory and applications : summaries of papers presented at the Photon Correlation and Scattering, Theory and Applications Topical Meeting, August 24-26, 1992, Boulder, Colorado. Washington, DC: The Society, 1992.

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4

J, Schanda, Lippényi T, International Measurement Confederation, Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers. Hungarian Chapter., and Méréstechnikai és Automatizálási Tudományos Egyesület (Hungary), eds. 14th Symposium on Photonic Measurements: 1-3 June 1992, Sopron, Hungary. Bellingham, Wash., USA: SPIE, 1993.

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5

The partonic structure of the photon: Photoproduction at the lepton-proton collider, HERA. Berlin: Springer, 1997.

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6

Russia) Alexander Gurwitsch Conference (2nd 1999 Moscow. Biophotonics and coherent systems: Proceedings of the 2nd Alexander Gurwitsch Conference, and additional contributions. Moscow: Moscow University Press, 2000.

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7

Potential applications of concentrated solar photons: A report prepared by the Committee on Potential Applications of Concentrated Solar Photons, Energy Engineering Board, Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, National Research Council. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1991.

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8

Eodice, Lynne. Photos that inspire photo workshop. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2007.

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9

Photos that inspire photo workshop. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2007.

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10

Angelini, Angelo. Photon Management Assisted by Surface Waves on Photonic Crystals. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50134-5.

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Частини книг з теми "Photone"

1

Baltz, Ralph Von. "Photons and Photon Correlation Spectroscopy." In Biophotonics: Spectroscopy, Imaging, Sensing, and Manipulation, 25–62. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9977-8_3.

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2

Rarity, J. G., and P. R. Tapster. "Photon Correlation of Correlated Photons." In Light Scattering and Photon Correlation Spectroscopy, 247–62. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5586-1_20.

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3

Ordonez, Andres F., and Olga Smirnova. "Inducing Enantiosensitive Permanent Multipoles in Isotropic Samples with Two-Color Fields." In Molecular Beams in Physics and Chemistry, 335–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63963-1_16.

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Анотація:
AbstractWe find that two-color fields can induce field-free permanent dipoles in initially isotropic samples of chiral molecules via resonant electronic excitation in a one-$$3\omega $$ 3 ω -photon versus three-$$\omega $$ ω -photons scheme. These permanent dipoles are enantiosensitive and can be controlled via the relative phase between the two colors. When the two colors are linearly polarized perpendicular to each other, the interference between the two pathways induces excitation sensitive to the molecular handedness and orientation, leading to uniaxial orientation of the excited molecules and to an enantio-sensitive permanent dipole perpendicular to the polarization plane. We also find that although a corresponding one-$$2\omega $$ 2 ω -photon versus two-$$\omega $$ ω -photons scheme cannot produce enantiosensitive permanent dipoles, it can produce enantiosensitive permanent quadrupoles that are also controllable through the two-color relative phase.
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4

Keller, Ole. "Photon-Field Operators: Wave-Packet Photons." In Quantum Theory of Near-Field Electrodynamics, 501–13. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17410-0_26.

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5

McClure, D. S. "Two-Photon Spectroscopy Using Infrared Photons." In Springer Series in Optical Sciences, 2–4. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-47433-3_1.

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6

Shih, Y. H., D. V. Strekalov, and T. D. Pittman. "Why Two-Photon but Not Two Photons?" In Causality and Locality in Modern Physics, 411–19. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0990-3_49.

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7

Nelson, Carl W. "Photon Capital: A Subsidy for Photonic Entrepreneurs." In Applications of Photonic Technology 2, 7–13. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9250-8_2.

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8

v. Baltz, Ralph. "Photons and Photon Statistics: From Incandescent Light to Lasers." In Frontiers of Optical Spectroscopy, 55–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2751-6_3.

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9

Zhang, Shuai, Shuai Zhang, Zhongze Gu, and Jian-Ning Ding. "Photonic Crystals for Photon Management in Solar Cells." In Printable Solar Cells, 513–48. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119283720.ch15.

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10

Hentschel, Klaus. "Summary." In Photons, 183–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95252-9_10.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Photone"

1

Rönnberg, Niklas, and Jonas Löwgren. "Traces of Modal Synergy: Studying Interactive Musical Sonification of Images in General-audience Use." In ICAD 2019: The 25th International Conference on Auditory Display. Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom: Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Northumbria University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21785/icad2019.010.

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Photone is an interactive installation combining color images with musical sonification. The musical expression is generated based on the syntactic (as opposed to semantic) features of an image as it is explored by the user’s pointing device, intending to catalyze a holistic user experience we refer to as modal synergy where visual and auditory modalities multiply rather than add. We collected and analyzed two months’ worth of data from visitors’ interactions with Photone in a public exhibition at a science center. Our results show that a small proportion of visitors engaged in sustained interaction with Photone, as indicated by session times. Among the most deeply engaged visitors, a majority of the interaction was devoted to visually salient objects, i.e., semantic features of the images. However, the data also contains instances of interactive behavior that are best explained by exploration of the syntactic features of an image, and thus may suggest the emergence of modal synergy.
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2

Rönnberg, Niklas, and Jonas Löwgren. "Photone: Exploring Modal Synergy in Photographic Images and Music." In The 24th International Conference on Auditory Display. Arlington, Virginia: The International Community for Auditory Display, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21785/icad2018.022.

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Анотація:
We present Photone, an interactive installation combining photographic images and musical sonification. An image is displayed, and a dynamic musical score is generated based on the overall color properties of the image and the color value of the pixel under the cursor. Hence, the music changes as the user moves the cursor. This simple approach turns out to have interesting experiential qualities in use. The composition of images and music invites the user to explore the combination of hues and textures, and musical sounds. We characterize the resulting experience in Photone as one of modal synergy where visual and auditory output combine holistically with the chosen interaction technique. This tentative finding is potentially relevant to further research in auditory displays and multimodal interaction.
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3

Wang, Wei, Zhong Hu, Vedbar Singh Khadka, Xingzhong Yan, Michael Ropp, and David Galipeau. "Theoretical Study of One- and Two-Photon Absorption Properties of Organic Conjugated Materials for Photovoltaic Devices." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-66622.

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In the process of photovoltaic energy conversion, photons with the energy below the band-gap can not be absorbed and do not contribute to energy conversion. Frequency up-conversion describes the conversion of low energy incident photons towards higher energy photons via active materials. Two-photon absorption induced fluorescence is one of the approaches that convert low energy incident photons towards higher energy photons via active material. In this paper, quantum-chemical techniques were applied to theoretically investigate one- and two-photon absorption properties of some new molecules with “Λ” shape. Two-photon absorption cross sections of these derivatives were obtained using three-state model. Geometrical structure of molecule was optimized using Hartree-Fock Theory (HF) and properties of excited states of molecule were obtained based on Configuration Interaction with single excitations method (CIS).
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4

Khoshnoud, Farbod, and Maziar Ghazinejad. "Automated Quantum Entanglement and Cryptography for Networks of Robotic Systems." In ASME 2021 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-71653.

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Abstract In this paper the procedure for automating the photon quantum experiments for mobile robotic applications is presented. Due to the rapid advances of quantum technologies and quantum engineering, the integration of quantum capabilities in robotic and autonomous systems will be inevitable, and therefore the study and investigation of compatibility and adaptability of quantum systems and classical autonomous systems is of great importance. In a quantum-classical hybrid setup, the source of single photon generation is placed on a leader robot which can send correlated single photons to robot followers. In the case of quantum entanglement, spontaneous parametric down-conversion process using nonlinear paired BBO crystals is implemented which sends entangled photons to the single photon counting modules installed on mobile robots. In the case of quantum cryptography, single photons are sent from Alice robot to Bob robot, where Alice has the course of single photon and Bob has a polarizing beamsplitter and two detectors and that can detect the polarization of photons as vertical and horizontal. Bob then can convert the polarizations to a digital signals as zeros and ones and use them as communication information for control purposes through a classical channel. Motorized optics equipment can automatically align the source of photons to detectors on the mobile robots. The automated alignment procedure is one of the key enabling technologies in integrating quantum capabilities with control of mobile robotic systems. In this paper, in particular, the automated alignment is studied while considering the uncertainties in the dynamic of the system which can potentially cause the alignment task very challenging. The uncertainty analysis in the automated alignment is implemented by Optimal Uncertainty Quantification technique to ensure achieving the quantum control of the robotic systems and presented here for the first time.
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5

Li, Jiaxing, Denggao Zhang, and Pingping Liu. "Study the TOF Detector in RIBLL With GEANT4." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-30138.

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We present here an ellipsoidal timing detector in Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou (RIBLL). The photons induced by radioactive beam ions passing through a thin plastic-scintillator foil BC422, emit from the foil center corresponding to one focal point of an aluminum ellipsoidal mirror and are reflected to another focus point at which the cathode of a photomultiplier tube locates. A time resolution of about 115ps is achieved for 12N and the counting rate up to 108 pps is allowed. The simulation was carried out using GEANT4 Monte Carlo toolkit. The photons total collection efficiency following projectile from different position, photon collection efficiency and time resolution of photon to photocathode of 3 different cases were calculated. Also the main factors influencing the detector’s time resolution and some proposals are given.
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6

Pierre, Thomas, Benjamin Re´my, and Alain Degiovanni. "Multi-Spectral Techniques Applied for the Measurement of the Microscale Temperature Through Cooled Multiplier Tube in Photon Counting Mode." In ASME 2008 First International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat Transfer. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnht2008-52098.

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The aim of this paper is to present a non-intrusive and optical method based on the classical thermal radiation laws for the measurement of microscale surface temperature. To overcome the diffraction limit, measurements are performed in the ultraviolet-visible range. According to the Planck’s law, emitting energy is low at these wavelengths and only a photonic flux can be measured through a cooled Photo-Multiplier Tube (PMT) and a photon-counting card. The photonic flux exhibits a random phenomenon that can be well-described through classical statistic laws such as Poisson or Normal distributions. We show in this paper that the signal we measure agrees well with these laws and that the surface temperature can be obtained either from the average or the standard-deviation of the Photonic flux. Multi-spectral techniques based on either physical and optical techniques like monochromatic filters and reflection/transmission diffraction gratings or digital techniques as a Multi-Channel Analyser (MCA) are proposed to get ride of the knowledge of the local surface emissivity. This is of a particular interest for the measurement of temperature in microscale applications. Finally, temperature measurements carried out on a specific High Temperature Blackbody developed in our laboratory are compared with those obtained through an infrared camera and allow to validate our facility and the presented measurement techniques.
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7

Qingquan, Pan, and Wang Kan. "The Deep-Coupling and Preprocessed Photon Transport Based on RMC Codes." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-81036.

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The conventional method for neutron-photon coupling transport calculation lacks of clear physical meanings, where the process of neutron transport and photon transport are independent, and only ensures the numbers of photons to be coupling with the neutrons. At the same time, when dealing with photoelectric effect, the nuclear data will be processed frequently, increasing the amount of calculation. By modifying the RMC codes, the deep-coupling and preprocessed photon transport is achieved. This new coupling method can satisfy the physical requirements and reduce the computational complexity while ensuring the accuracy of the calculation. At the same time, the preprocessing of the photoelectric effect nuclear data can accelerate the calculation without changing the calculation results. Through the deep-coupling and preprocessed photon transport method, the RMC codes can finished the high-precision shielding calculation. A typical LWR component is calculated with the new method, and the results prove the effectiveness.
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8

Nakayama, Keiji. "Triboplasma Generated Under Perfluoropolyether Oil Lubrication." In ASME/STLE 2007 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2007-44467.

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In order to prove the triboplasma generation in the vicinity of the sliding contact under oil lubrication, two-dimensional images and energy spectra of the photons emitted from the sliding contact has been investigated under perfluoropolyether (PFPE) oil lubrication in a tribosystem of a diamond pin sliding on a sapphire disk in the atmospheric ambient air pressure and in vacuum. Two-dimensional image of the tribophoton clearly showed the plasma generation under PFPE oil lubrication. The UV photon energy spectrum and disappearance of the UV photon image in vacuum showed that the plasma is generated by air discharge even under oil lubrication.
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9

Desplats, Romain, Alban Eral, Felix Beaudoin, Philippe Perdu, Alain Chion, Ketan Shah, and Ted Lundquist. "IC Diagnostic with Time Resolved Photon Emission and CAD Auto-Channeling." In ISTFA 2003. ASM International, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2003p0045.

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Abstract The use of time resolved photon emission (TRPE) to compare internal measurements with simulations can dramatically reduce the time required for IC analysis. During debug, this technique makes it possible to probe only transistors of interest. Two limitations must be overcome: precise location of transistor photon emission areas and distinction between photons emitted by closely spaced transistors. Otherwise results may be seriously biased. Introducing CAD auto-channeling for TRPE makes it possible to generate virtual layers where emissions are expected. As a result, transistor TRPE areas can be automatically located and emission from nearby transistors is taken into account, thus significantly reducing the duration of IC analysis.
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10

Tian, Yinan, Yung C. Shin, and Galen B. King. "Fabrication and Characterization of Photonic Crystals by Two-Photon Polymerization Using a Femtosecond Laser." In ASME 2013 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 41st North American Manufacturing Research Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2013-1126.

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Two-photon polymerization is a powerful technique in fabricating three dimensional sub-diffraction-limited structures. Recently, new sol-gel material, SZ2080, was introduced into two-photon polymerization and was proved to be better than the conventional materials for its negligible shrinkage. In this paper, two-photon polymerization was applied to generate woodpile structures, one kind of photonic crystal, using SZ2080. First, the relationship between scanning speed, laser power and resolution was determined through fabricating free-hanging lines. Based on this relationship, woodpile structures with different period distances were fabricated with high uniformity as shown by SEM images. Then optical properties of woodpile structures were investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and a quantitative relationship between band gap and period distance was established.
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Звіти організацій з теми "Photone"

1

Zilberman, Mark. Methods to Test the “Dimming Effect” Produced by a Decrease in the Number of Photons Received from Receding Light Sources. Intellectual Archive, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/ia_2021_06_22.

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Анотація:
The hypothetical “Dimming effect” describes the change of the number of photons arriving from a receding light source per unit of time. In non-relativistic systems,the "Dimming effect" occurs due to the fact that as light sources move away, the distance between the emitter and the receiver constantly increases, and the photons always take longer to reach the receiver. This reduces the number of photons received per time unit compared to the number of emitted photons per time unit. Negligible for speeds incomparable with the speed of light c, the "Dimming effect" can be very significant for speeds above 0.1c. “Dimming effect” can possibly be tested in a physics labor-atory using a moving light source (or mirror) and photon counters located in the travel direction and in opposite direction. It can possibly also be tested utilizing the orbital movement of the Earth around the Sun. If confirmed, “Dimming effect” would allow astronomers to adjust values of the "Standard Candles", which are critical in cosmological models. Absence of “Dimming effect” will mean that the number of photons arriving per time unit does not depend on the relative speed of light source and observer,which is not so apparent
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2

Mounce, Andrew, Bryan Kaehr, Michael Titze, Edward Bielejec, and Heejun Byeon. Single Photon Emitters Coupled to Photonic Wire bonds. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1828645.

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3

Lin, Shawn-Yu, and Sajeev John. Tailoring Electron-Photon Interaction in Active 3D Photonic-Crystal Architectures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1484257.

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4

Szumila-Vance, Holly. Searching for Heavy Photons with Detached Verices in the Heavy Photon Search Experiment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1409025.

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5

Ware, M., and A. Migdall. Single-Photon Detector Characterization Using Correlated Photons: The March From Feasibility to Metrology. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada426385.

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6

Asenath-Smith, Emily, Emma Ambrogi, Lee Moores, Stephen Newman, and Jonathon Brame. Leveraging chemical actinometry and optical radiometry to reduce uncertainty in photochemical research. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42080.

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Subtle aspects of illumination sources and their characterization methods can introduce significant uncertainty into the data gathered from light-activated experiments, limiting their reproducibility and technology transition. Degradation kinetics of methyl orange (MO) and carbamazepine (CM) under illumination with TiO₂ were used as a case study for investigating the role of incident photon flux on photocatalytic degradation rates. Valerophenone and ferrioxalate actinometry were paired with optical radiometry in three different illumination systems: xenon arc (XE), tungsten halogen (W-H), and UV fluorescent (UV-F). Degradation rate constants for MO and CM varied similarly among the three light systems as k W-H < kiv-F < kXE, implying the same relative photon flux emission by each light. However, the apparent relative photon flux emitted by the different lights varied depending on the light characterization method. This discrepancy is shown to be caused by the spectral distribution present in light emission profiles, as well as absorption behavior of chemical actinometers and optical sensors. Data and calculations for the determination of photon flux from chemical and calibrated optical light characterization is presented, allowing us to interpret photo-degradation rate constants as a function of incident photon flux. This approach enabled the derivation of a calibrated ‘rate-flux’ metric for evaluating and translating data from photocatalysis studies.
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7

Zilberman, Mark. Methods to Test the “Dimming Effect” Produced by a Decrease in the Number of Photons Received from Receding Light Sources. Intellectual Archive, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/iaj.2437.

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Анотація:
The hypothetical “Dimming Effect” describes the change of the number of photons arriving from a moving light source per unit of time. In non-relativistic systems, the “Dimming effect” may occur due to the growing distance of light sources moving away from the receiver. This means that due to the growing distance, the photons continuously require more time to reach the receiver, which reduces the number of received photons per time unit compared to the number of emitted photons. Understandably, the proposed “Dimming effect” must be tested (confirmed or rejected) through observations. a. This article provides the formula for the calculation of “Dimming effect” values using the redshift parameter Z widely used in astronomy. b. The “Dimming effect” can possibly be detected utilizing the orbital movement of the Earth around the Sun. In accordance to the “Dimming effect”, observers on Earth will view 1.0001 more photons per time unit emitted by stars located near the ecliptic plane in the direction of the Earth orbiting the Sun. And, in contrast, observers will view only 0.9999 photons per time unit emitted by stars located near the ecliptic plane in the direction opposite to the Earth orbiting the Sun. Calculating precise measurements of the same stars within a 6-month period can possibly detect this difference. These changes in brightness are not only for specific stars, as the change in brightness takes place for all stars near the ecliptic in the direction of the Earth’s orbit around the Sun and in the opposite direction. c. The “Dimming effect” can possibly be detected in a physics laboratory using a moving light source (or mirror) and photon counters located in the direction of travel and in the opposite direction. d. In theory, Dilation of time can also be used for testing the existence of the “Dimming effect.” However, in experiments on Earth this effect appears in only the 14th digit after the decimal point and testing does not appear to be feasible. e. Why is it important to test the “Dimming effect?” If confirmed, it would allow astronomers to adjust values of "Standard Candles" used in astronomy. Since “Standard Candles” are critical in various cosmological models, the “Dimming effect” can correct models and/or reveal and support new models. If it is proved that the “Dimming effect” does not exist, it will mean that the number of photons arriving per unit of time does not depend on the speed of the light source and observer, which is not so apparent.
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Hewett, JoAnne L. Photon-Photon and Electron-Photon Colliders with Energies Below a TeV. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/798966.

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Net, Leila. Polarization Observables in Double Pion Photo- Production with Circularly Polarized Photons off Transversely Polarized Protons. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1428194.

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Asner, D., B. Grzadkowski, J. F. Gunion, H. E. Logan, V. Martin, M. Schmitt, and M. M. Velasco. New Results for a Photon-Photon Collider. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15002529.

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