Готові списки джерел за темами / Perturbation effect

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Perturbation effect"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022
Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Perturbation effect"

1

Qi, Nai-ming, Qilong Sun, and Yong Yang. "Effect of J3 perturbation on satellite position in LEO." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 90, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 74–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-03-2015-0092.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of J3 perturbation of the Earth’s oblateness on satellite orbit compared with J2 perturbation. Design/methodology/approach Based on the parametric variation method in the time domain, considering more accurate Earth potential function by considering J3-perturbation effect, the perturbation equations about satellite’s six orbital elements (including semi-major axis, orbit inclination, right ascension of the ascending node, true anomaly, eccentricity and argument of perigee) has been deduced theoretically. The disturbance effects of J2 and J3 perturbations on the satellite orbit with different orbit inclinations have been studied numerically. Findings With the inclination increasing, the maximum of the semi-major axis increases weakly. The difference of inclination disturbed by the J2 and J3 perturbation is relative to orbit inclinations. J3 perturbation has weak effect on the right ascension and argument of perigee. The critical angle of the right ascension and argument of perigee which decides the precession direction is 90° and 63.43°, respectively. The disturbance effects of J2 and J3 perturbations on the argument of perigee, right ascension and eccentricity are weakened when the eccentricity increases, simultaneously, the difference of J2 and J3 perturbations on argument of perigee, right ascension and argument of perigee decreases with eccentricity increasing, respectively. Practical implications In the future, satellites need to orbit the Earth much more precisely for a long period. The J3 perturbation effect and the weight compared to J2 perturbation in LEO can provide a theoretical reference for researchers who want to improve the control accuracy of satellite. On the other hand, the theoretical analysis and simulation results can help people to design the satellite orbit to avoid or diminish the disturbance effect of the Earth’s oblateness. Originality/value The J3 perturbation equations of satellite orbit elements are deduced theoretically by using parametric variation method in this paper. Additionally, the comparison studies of J2 perturbation and J3 perturbation of the Earth’s oblateness on the satellite orbit with different initial conditions are presented.
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Harvey, Eric, Isabelle Gounand, Pravin Ganesanandamoorthy, and Florian Altermatt. "Spatially cascading effect of perturbations in experimental meta-ecosystems." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1838 (September 14, 2016): 20161496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.1496.

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Ecosystems are linked to neighbouring ecosystems not only by dispersal, but also by the movement of subsidy. Such subsidy couplings between ecosystems have important landscape-scale implications because perturbations in one ecosystem may affect community structure and functioning in neighbouring ecosystems via increased/decreased subsidies. Here, we combine a general theoretical approach based on harvesting theory and a two-patch protist meta-ecosystem experiment to test the effect of regional perturbations on local community dynamics. We first characterized the relationship between the perturbation regime and local population demography on detritus production using a mathematical model. We then experimentally simulated a perturbation gradient affecting connected ecosystems simultaneously, thus altering cross-ecosystem subsidy exchanges. We demonstrate that the perturbation regime can interact with local population dynamics to trigger unexpected temporal variations in subsidy pulses from one ecosystem to another. High perturbation intensity initially led to the highest level of subsidy flows; however, the level of perturbation interacted with population dynamics to generate a crash in subsidy exchange over time. Both theoretical and experimental results show that a perturbation regime interacting with local community dynamics can induce a collapse in population levels for recipient ecosystems. These results call for integrative management of human-altered landscapes that takes into account regional dynamics of both species and resource flows.
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TANG, TIE-QIAO, HAI-JUN HUANG, YING ZHANG, and XIANG-YANG XU. "STABILITY ANALYSIS FOR TRAFFIC FLOW WITH PERTURBATIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics C 19, no. 09 (September 2008): 1367–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183108012947.

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In this paper, we use the speed-gradient model proposed by Jiang et al. [Transp. Res. B36, 405 (2002)] to study the effects that various perturbations have on the stability of traffic flow. Our numerical tests show that the effects of perturbations on the stability of traffic flow are related to the initial density, i.e., when the initial density is very low (ρ0 ≤ 0.02) or very high (ρ0 > 0.08), any perturbation has little effect on the stability of traffic flow; when the initial density is relatively low (0.02 < ρ0 ≤ 0.04), small perturbations have little effect on the stability of traffic flow and large perturbations will have effect on it and produce local cluster; when the initial density is relatively high (0.04 < ρ0 ≤ 0.08), any perturbation will have great effect on the stability of traffic flow and produce stop-and-go traffic. These results are completely accordant with the real traffic, which just shows that the speed-gradient model can be used to perfectly explore the consequences caused by various perturbations.
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Gao, Pengcheng, Qiaogao Huang, and Guang Pan. "Propulsion Performance and Wake Dynamics of Heaving Foils under Different Waveform Input Perturbations." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 11 (November 15, 2021): 1271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9111271.

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A numerical simulation is used to investigate the effects of adding high frequency and low amplitude perturbations of different waveforms to the sinusoidal-based signal of the heaving foil on the propulsion performance and wake structure. We use the adjustable parameter k to achieve a heaving motion of various waveform cycle trajectories, such as sawtooth, sine, and square. Adding a perturbation of whatever waveform is beneficial in increasing the thrust of the heaving foil, especially by adding a square wave perturbation with a frequency of 10 Hz, pushes the thrust up to 10.49 times that without the perturbation. However, the addition of the perturbation signal brings a reduction in propulsion efficiency, and the larger the perturbation frequency, the lower the efficiency. The wake structure of the heaving foil behaves similarly under different waveform perturbations, all going through some intermediate stages, which eventually evolve into a chaotic wake with the increase in the perturbation frequency. However, a lower frequency square wave perturbation can destabilize the heaving foil wake structure. This work further explains the effect of different waveform perturbation signals on the base sinusoidal signal and provides a new control idea for underwater vehicles.
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Churchland, Anne K., and Stephen G. Lisberger. "Gain Control in Human Smooth-Pursuit Eye Movements." Journal of Neurophysiology 87, no. 6 (June 1, 2002): 2936–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2002.87.6.2936.

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In previous experiments, on-line modulation of the gain of visual-motor transmission for pursuit eye movements was demonstrated in monkeys by showing that the response to a brief perturbation of target motion was strongly enhanced during pursuit relative to during fixation. The present paper elaborates the properties of on-line gain control by recording the smooth-pursuit eye movements of human subjects during tracking of a spot target. When perturbations consisted of one cycle of a 5-Hz sine wave, responses were significantly larger during pursuit than during fixation. Furthermore, responses grew as a function of eye/target velocity at the time of the perturbation and of perturbation amplitude. Thus human pursuit, like monkey pursuit, is modulated by on-line gain control. For larger perturbations consisting of a single sine wave at 2.8 Hz, ±19°/s, the degree of enhancement depended strongly on the phase of the perturbation. Enhancement was present when “peak-first” perturbations caused the target speed to increase first and was attenuated when “peak-last” perturbations caused target speed to decrease first. This effect was most profound when the perturbation was 2.8 Hz, ±19°/s but was also present when the amplitude of the peak-last perturbation was ±5o/s. For peak-last perturbations, the eye velocity evoked by the later peak of the perturbation was inversely related to that evoked by the preceding trough of the perturbation. We interpret these effects of perturbation phase as evidence that peak-last perturbations cause a decrease in the on-line gain of visual-motor transmission for pursuit. We conclude that gain control is modulated dynamically as behavioral conditions change. Finally, when perturbations were presented as a sequence of three large, peak-last sine waves starting at the onset of target motion at 10°/s, repeating the conditions used in prior studies on humans, we were able to replicate the prior finding that the response to the perturbations was equal during pursuit and fixation. We conclude that on-line gain control modulates human pursuit and that it can be probed most reliably with small, brief perturbations that do not affect the on-line gain themselves.
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Hilger, Allison, Jennifer Cole, Jason H. Kim, Rosemary A. Lester-Smith, and Charles Larson. "The Effect of Pitch Auditory Feedback Perturbations on the Production of Anticipatory Phrasal Prominence and Boundary." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 63, no. 7 (July 17, 2020): 2185–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00043.

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Purpose In this study, we investigated how the direction and timing of a perturbation in voice pitch auditory feedback during phrasal production modulated the magnitude and latency of the pitch-shift reflex as well as the scaling of acoustic production of anticipatory intonation targets for phrasal prominence and boundary. Method Brief pitch auditory feedback perturbations (±200 cents for 200-ms duration) were applied during the production of a target phrase on the first or the second word of the phrase. To replicate previous work, we first measured the magnitude and latency of the pitch-shift reflex as a function of the direction and timing of the perturbation within the phrase. As a novel approach, we also measured the adjustment in the production of the phrase-final prominent word as a function of perturbation direction and timing by extracting the acoustic correlates of pitch, loudness, and duration. Results The pitch-shift reflex was greater in magnitude after perturbations on the first word of the phrase, replicating the results from Mandarin speakers in an American English–speaking population. Additionally, the production of the phrase-final prominent word was acoustically enhanced (lengthened vowel duration and increased intensity and fundamental frequency) after perturbations earlier in the phrase, but more so after perturbations on the first word in the phrase. Conclusion The timing of the pitch perturbation within the phrase modulated both the magnitude of the pitch-shift reflex and the production of the prominent word, supporting our hypothesis that speakers use auditory feedback to correct for immediate production errors and to scale anticipatory intonation targets during phrasal production.
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Mansfield, Avril, Amy L. Peters, Barbara A. Liu, and Brian E. Maki. "Effect of a Perturbation-Based Balance Training Program on Compensatory Stepping and Grasping Reactions in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Physical Therapy 90, no. 4 (April 1, 2010): 476–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20090070.

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BackgroundCompensatory stepping and grasping reactions are prevalent responses to sudden loss of balance and play a critical role in preventing falls. The ability to execute these reactions effectively is impaired in older adults.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate a perturbation-based balance training program designed to target specific age-related impairments in compensatory stepping and grasping balance recovery reactions.DesignThis was a double-blind randomized controlled trial.SettingThe study was conducted at research laboratories in a large urban hospital.ParticipantsThirty community-dwelling older adults (aged 64–80 years) with a recent history of falls or self-reported instability participated in the study.InterventionParticipants were randomly assigned to receive either a 6-week perturbation-based (motion platform) balance training program or a 6-week control program involving flexibility and relaxation training.MeasurementsFeatures of balance reactions targeted by the perturbation-based program were: (1) multi-step reactions, (2) extra lateral steps following anteroposterior perturbations, (3) foot collisions following lateral perturbations, and (4) time to complete grasping reactions. The reactions were evoked during testing by highly unpredictable surface translation and cable pull perturbations, both of which differed from the perturbations used during training.ResultsCompared with the control program, the perturbation-based training led to greater reductions in frequency of multi-step reactions and foot collisions that were statistically significant for surface translations but not cable pulls. The perturbation group also showed significantly greater reduction in handrail contact time compared with the control group for cable pulls and a possible trend in this direction for surface translations.LimitationsFurther work is needed to determine whether a maintenance program is needed to retain the training benefits and to assess whether these benefits reduce fall risk in daily life.ConclusionPerturbation-based training shows promise as an effective intervention to improve the ability of older adults to prevent themselves from falling when they lose their balance.
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Tatekawa, Takayuki. "Transients from initial conditions based on Lagrangian perturbation theory in N-body simulations III: The case of Gadget-2 code." International Journal of Modern Physics D 29, no. 15 (September 29, 2020): 2050096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271820500960.

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In modern cosmology, the precision of the theoretical prediction is increasingly required. In cosmological [Formula: see text]-body simulations, the effect of higher-order Lagrangian perturbation on the initial conditions appears in terms of statistical quantities of matter density field. We have considered the effect of third-order Lagrangian perturbation theory (3LPT) on the initial conditions, which can be applied to Gadget-2 code. Then, as statistical quantities, non-Gaussianity of matter density field has been compared between cases of different order perturbations for the initial conditions. Then, we demonstrate the validity of the initial conditions with second-order Lagrangian perturbation theory (2LPT).
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Weerathunge, Hasini R., Defne Abur, Nicole M. Enos, Katherine M. Brown, and Cara E. Stepp. "Auditory-Motor Perturbations of Voice Fundamental Frequency: Feedback Delay and Amplification." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 63, no. 9 (September 15, 2020): 2846–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00407.

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Purpose Gradual and sudden perturbations of vocal fundamental frequency ( f o ), also known as adaptive and reflexive f o perturbations, are techniques to study the influence of auditory feedback on voice f o control mechanisms. Previous vocal f o perturbations have incorporated varied setup-specific feedback delays and amplifications. Here, we investigated the effects of feedback delays (10–100 ms) and amplifications on both adaptive and reflexive f o perturbation paradigms, encapsulating the variability in equipment-specific delays (3–45 ms) and amplifications utilized in previous experiments. Method Responses to adaptive and reflexive f o perturbations were recorded in 24 typical speakers for four delay conditions (10, 40, 70, and 100 ms) or three amplification conditions (−10, +5, and +10 dB relative to microphone) in a counterbalanced order. Repeated-measures analyses of variance were carried out on the magnitude of f o responses to determine the effect of feedback condition. Results There was a statistically significant effect of the level of auditory feedback amplification on the response magnitude during adaptive f o perturbations, driven by the difference between +10- and −10-dB amplification conditions (hold phase difference: M = 38.3 cents, SD = 51.2 cents; after-effect phase: M = 66.1 cents, SD = 84.6 cents). No other statistically significant effects of condition were found for either paradigm. Conclusions Experimental equipment delays below 100 ms in behavioral paradigms do not affect the results of f o perturbation paradigms. As there is no statistically significant difference between the response magnitudes elicited by +5- and +10-dB auditory amplification conditions, this study is a confirmation that an auditory feedback amplification of +5 dB relative to microphone is sufficient to elicit robust compensatory responses for f o perturbation paradigms.
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Lee, Seoung Soo. "Effect of Aerosol on Circulations and Precipitation in Deep Convective Clouds." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 69, no. 6 (June 1, 2012): 1957–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-11-0111.1.

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Abstract This study examines the effect of a mesoscale perturbation of aerosol on a larger-scale cloud system driven by deep convective clouds. An aerosol-perturbed domain of size 120 km is prescribed in the middle of the larger-scale domain of size 1100 km. Aerosol perturbations in the mesoscale domain result in an intensification of convection in a mesoscale convective system (MCS). This leads to an intensification of the larger-scale circulations, which in turn leads to an intensification of the larger-scale subsidence. While the invigorated convection enhances precipitation in the MCS, the intensified larger-scale subsidence acts to increase the larger-scale stability and thus to suppress convection and precipitation in the larger-scale domain. The suppression of precipitation in the larger-scale domain outweighs the enhancement of precipitation in the mesoscale domain, leading to suppressed precipitation over the entire domain. The ramifications of aerosol perturbations therefore need to be considered on scales much larger than the scale of the perturbation.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Perturbation effect"

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Lohmann, Ulrike, Leon Rotstayn, Trude Storelvmo, Andrew Jones, Surabi Menon, Johannes Quaas, Annica M. L. Ekman, Dorothy Koch, and Reto A. Ruedy. "Total aerosol effect: radiative forcing or radiative flux perturbation?" Copernicus Publications, 2010. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A13832.

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Uncertainties in aerosol radiative forcings, especially those associated with clouds, contribute to a large extent to uncertainties in the total anthropogenic forcing. The interaction of aerosols with clouds and radiation introduces feedbacks which can affect the rate of precipitation formation. In former assessments of aerosol radiative forcings, these effects have not been quantified. Also, with global aerosol-climate models simulating interactively aerosols and cloud microphysical properties, a quantification of the aerosol forcings in the traditional way is difficult to define properly. Here we argue that fast feedbacks should be included because they act quickly compared with the time scale of global warming. We show that for different forcing agents (aerosols and greenhouse gases) the radiative forcings as traditionally defined agree rather well with estimates from a method, here referred to as radiative flux perturbations (RFP), that takes these fast feedbacks and interactions into account. Based on our results, we recommend RFP as a valid option to compare different forcing agents, and to compare the effects of particular forcing agents in different models.
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2

Prentice, Jamie C. "The perturbation effect in wildlife systems : an emergent property of simple models." Thesis, University of York, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3233/.

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Population reduction is often used as a control strategy when managing infectious diseases in wildlife populations, however it disrupts existing social structures and increases movement of infectives due to the vacuum effect, which may lead to enhanced disease transmission. Using a generic non-spatial model, key characteristics of disease systems are identified for which such effects reduce or even reverse the disease control benefits of population reduction. If population reduction is not sufficiently severe, then enhanced transmission can lead to the perturbation effect, whereby disease levels increase or disease can be stabilised where it would otherwise be unstable. Perturbation effects are enhanced for systems with low levels of disease, e.g. low levels of endemicity or emerging disease. Mechanisms observed in real systems are examined for their role in the perturbation effect. If population reduction is non-random and fails to target infected individuals, then vertical transmission (an important mechanism in many diseases including tuberculosis and paratuberculosis) can lead to the perturbation effect if horizontal transmission is low. The perturbation effect can also arise when population reduction preferentially targets resistant individuals, or mature individuals with low susceptibility, a factor implicated in wild boar and classical swine fever. In a stochastic spatial model of demography and disease dynamics with density dependent dispersal (implicated in the spread of rabies in foxes, and tuberculosis in badgers and wild boar due to the vacuum effect), enhanced transmission is found to arise implicitly as an emergent property of the disease-system, even when population reduction is entirely random. Culling strategies are examined, and the spatial heterogeneity of distribution of culling resources and timing of culling intervals are shown to influence the perturbation effect. Whilst the perturbation effect may not always be apparent, the various effects modelled are likely present in many disease systems, mitigating the results of population reduction.
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Lilli, Markus. "The effect of a singular perturbation to a 1-d non convex variational problem." Berlin Logos-Verl, 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2752886&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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Lilli, Markus. "The effect of a singular perturbation to a 1-d non convex variational problem /." Berlin : Logos-Verl, 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2752886&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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5

Harmidy, Kevin. "Perturbation of host cell cytoskeleton by cranberry proanthocyanidin and its effect on enteric infections." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104671.

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Cranberry-derived compounds, including a fraction known as proanthocyanidins (PACs) exhibit anti-microbial, anti-infective, and anti-adhesive properties against a number of disease-causing organisms. This thesis illustrates the effect of cranberry proanthocyanidins (CPACs) on the infection of epithelial cells by two enteric bacterial pathogens, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and Salmonella Typhimurium. Immunofluorescence data showed that actin pedestal formation, required for infection by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), was disrupted in the presence of CPACs. In addition, invasion of HeLa cells by Salmonella Typhimurium was significantly reduced. CPACs had no effect on bacterial growth, on the production of bacterial virulence proteins or the viability of host cells. Interestingly, we found that CPACs had a potent and dose-dependent effect on the host cell cytoskeleton that was evident even in uninfected cells. CPACs inhibited the phagocytosis of inert particles by a macrophage cell line, providing further evidence that actin-mediated host cell functions are disrupted in the presence of cranberry CPACs. Thus, although CPAC treatment inhibited Salmonella invasion and EPEC pedestal formation, our results suggest that this is likely primarily because of the perturbation of the host cell cytoskeleton by CPACs rather than an effect on bacterial virulence itself. Additional work suggests that while CPACs disrupt epithelial tight junctions in vitro, they are well tolerated in vivo. The use of CPACs for the treatment or prevention of enteric infection in vivo by Citrobacter rodentium was also evaluated, though no conclusions, positive or negative can be drawn thus far. These findings underline the difficulties of translating experimental results to living systems but have significant implications for the interpretation of experiments on the effects of CPACs on bacteria-host cell interactions.
Le fruit de la canneberge est depuis longtemps utilisé par la médecine traditionnelle dans le cadre d'infection urinaire, mais son mécanisme d'action reste mal connu. Récemment plusieurs études ont montré l'implication d'un composé majeur du fruit, le proanthocyanidine (CPAC), dans les propriétés antibactériennes et anti-infectieuses de la canneberge. Le travail présenté ici vise à évaluer l'effet du PAC sur les cellules épithéliales au cours de l'infection par deux bactéries intestinales : Salmonella Typhimurium et la souche d'Escherichia coli entéropathogène (ECEP). Nous avons montré par des techniques d'imagerie que le remodelage du cytosquelette d'actine des cellules hôtes, étape nécessaire à l'infection par les ECEP, était abolit en présence de CPAC, de même, une inhibition significative de l'infection de cellules HeLa par Salmonella Typhimurium est observée en présence du composé. L'absence d'effet du CPAC sur la prolifération bactérienne et sur la sécrétion de facteurs de virulence dans les deux systèmes expérimentaux suggère un impact du composé sur la permissivité des cellules hôtes. De façon concordante, nous avons montré un rôle critique du CPAC dans la polymérisation des filaments d'actine des cellules non-infectées. La phagocytose de particules inertes par une lignée macrophagique qui dépend d'un remodelage actif du cytosquelette est également inhibée par le CPAC, confirmant l'impact majeur du composé sur le fonctionnement cellulaire. Des expériences in vivo d'infection par Citrobater Rodentium (un modèle murin d'ECEP) n'ont pas permis de mettre en évidence d'effet significatif du CPAC sur l'incidence et la sévérité de la maladie malgré l'effet majeur observé in vitro sur les cellules épithéliales. L'ensemble de ces travaux apporte un nouvel éclairage sur l'effet du CPAC dans les interactions entre les pathogènes et les cellules hôtes, il souligne également les différences entre des systèmes expérimentaux in vitro et les mécanismes prenant place dans des organismes complexes in vivo. Des expériences supplémentaires prenant en compte différents paramètres comme le PH intestinal semblent nécessaires pour évaluer définitivement l'impact du CPAC sur les infections entériques.
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Thompson, Hershell William. "The effect of visual perturbation in planning landing from a jump in adult humans /." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61195.

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Prelanding EMG responses in uniarticular and biarticular flexors and extensors of the leg were assessed during landing from jump-downs at a constant height (0.45 m) or randomly varying heights (0.35, 0.45 and 0.55 meters) in normal humans under four visual conditions: normal, occluded, stabilized by a visual conflict dome, and disrupted by stroboscopic flash at 8 Hz. Pressure sensitive foot-switches and video recordings of each jump-down from a sagittal view allowed the expression of EMG in temporal relation to limb trajectories and foot-ground contact.
Results from EMG analysis demonstrated a stable, global pattern of activation regardless of visual condition and independent of knowledge of the jump height. A generalized strategy of EMG activation was adequate for successful landing on stable height trials, but subjects developed a different default strategy for jumping at random height when inadequate visual update was provided. The prelanding EMG responses from the muscles recorded suggest that there are different roles for the muscles in preparing the body for ground impact. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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7

Martinez, Katherine M. "Effect of Stance Symmetry on Perturbation-Induced Protective Stepping in Persons Poststroke and Controls." Diss., NSUWorks, 2016. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_pt_stuetd/57.

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Problem Statement: Stepping is a common strategy after a perturbation. Stroke survivors display a predilection for stepping with non-paretic leg. Insight into induced stepping between stroke survivors and age-matched control may guide our understanding for reactive postural control training post stroke. Purpose: To investigate the difference in perturbation-induced stepping between chronic stroke survivors and age-matched controls at three phases of the stepping response: preparation, execution, and landing and association with clinical outcome measures. Procedure: Twenty-one community-dwelling chronic stroke survivors (mean age 59y/o ±13yrs) and 17 age- and gender-matched controls (mean age 54.4y/o ±17yrs) completed this study. Clinical measures of gait, balance, range, sensation, and motor control were assessed. A mechanical weight drop of 10% body weight (BW) was used to create the anterior waist pull perturbation during three stance symmetry positions: equal stance (EQ) and two asymmetrical stance (70% BW on dominant leg and 70% BW on nondominant leg). Ten perturbation trials plus two catch trials at 2% BW were given in a standard randomly order at the three stance positions. Kinematic and kinetic data was collected for perturbation steps. Results: The asymmetrical trials resulted in two types of stepping response, steps with the leg bearing 70% BW (loaded steps – LS) and steps with the leg that had 30% BW (unloaded steps – ULS). All subjects initiated steps more often with their unloaded leg (ULS) in the asymmetrical stance trials. In the stroke group the ULS increased paretic leg stepping compared to EQ (p=0.001) and LS (p=0.001). The stroke group had significantly earlier APA onset with both non-paretic leg (p=0.003) and paretic leg (p=0.028), took significantly more steps with paretic (p=0.01) and non-paretic (p=0.07), shorter step length (paretic, p=0.025 and non-paretic p=0.003), and less change in momentum at landing with paretic leg (p=0.01) compared to controls. Conclusion: Reacting to a perturbation is more challenging for chronic stroke survivors than age- and gender-matched control subjects in the preparation, execution, and landing phase of the stepping response regardless of the leg used. Perturbation training should include stepping with both non-paretic and paretic leg.
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Herman, Mark Steven. "Born-Oppenheimer Corrections Near a Renner-Teller Crossing." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28200.

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We perform a rigorous mathematical analysis of the bending modes of a linear triatomic molecule that exhibits the Renner-Teller effect. Assuming the potentials are smooth, we prove that the wave functions and energy levels have asymptotic expansions in powers of ε, where ε4 is the ratio of an electron mass to the mass of a nucleus. To prove the validity of the expansion, we must prove various properties of the leading order equations and their solutions. The leading order eigenvalue problem is analyzed in terms of a parameter bË , which is equivalent to the parameter originally used by Renner. For 0 < bË < 1, we prove self-adjointness of the leading order Hamiltonian, that it has purely discrete spectrum, and that its eigenfunctions and their derivatives decay exponentially. Perturbation theory and finite difference calculations suggest that the ground bending vibrational state is involved in a level crossing near bË = 0.925. We also discuss the degeneracy of the eigenvalues. Because of the crossing, the ground state is degenerate for 0 < bË < 0.925 and non-degenerate for 0.925 < bË < 1.
Ph. D.
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9

Wilks, Theresa M. "Toroidal phasing of resonant magnetic perturbation effect on edge pedestal transport in the DIII-D tokamak." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47558.

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Resonant Magnetic Perturbation (RMP) fields produced by external control coils are considered a viable option for the suppression of Edge Localized Modes (ELMs) in present and future tokamaks. Repeated reversals of the toroidal phase of the I-coil magnetic field in RMP shot 147170 on DIII-D has generated uniquely different edge pedestal profiles, implying different edge transport phenomena. The causes, trends, and implications of RMP toroidal phase reversal on edge transport is analyzed by comparing various parameters at 0 and 60 degree toroidal phases, with an I-coil mode number of n=3. An analysis of diffusive and non-diffusive transport effects of these magnetic perturbations it the plasma edge pedestal for this RMP shot is characterized by interpreting the ion and electron heat diffusivities, angular momentum transport frequencies, ion diffusion coefficients, and pinch velocities for both phases.
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10

Johnston, Hannah Elizabeth. "Systems redox biology analysis of cancer." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31348.

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The Warburg effect describes the survival advantage of cancer cells in that they can proliferate under low oxygen/hypoxic conditions via a less efficient pathway known as glycolysis. It has not yet been documented at which point, in an oxygen gradient, phenotypic changes occur. Measuring the intracellular redox potential (IRP) and its impact on cellular dynamics would provide greater insight into how disruption of redox homeostasis caused by changes in oxygen concentration leads to aberrant cell signalling and diseases such as cancer. Current techniques in measuring IRP include redox-sensitive fluorescent proteins such as roGFP which is glutathione-specific. Measuring the concentration of one redox couple is, however, not an accurate representation of IRP as it does not necessarily inform about the state of other redox couples. Furthermore, fluorescent biosensors can suffer from photobleaching and may interact with other oxidants. The IRP was measured, in this work, using our newly developed novel-class of surface enhanced Raman scattering nanoparticles which can quantitatively measure the redox potential of cells in vitro. A 'homemade' device was created to keep the cells under fixed pO2 whilst obtaining measurements. The IRP was correlated with the transcriptomic and downstream metabolic profiles of MCF7 breast cancer cells, under perturbed pO2, using 1H NMR spectroscopy (NMR), mass spectrometry (MS) and RNA-sequencing. Discriminatory metabolites were all associated with energy and glucose metabolism. Discriminatory microRNAs were all affiliated with the hallmarks of cancer; the regulation of some is controlled by transcription factors containing redox-sensitive motifs in their DNA binding domains. Multivariate analysis techniques were used to analyse the different data streams in a holistic way that allows the correlation of redox potential, metabolism and transcription.
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Книги з теми "Perturbation effect"

1

Wu, D. I. The effect of a large rotating scatterer in a rectangular cavity. Gaithersburg, MD: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, 1988.

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2

Arteca, G. A. Large order perturbation theory and summation methods in quantum mechanics. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1990.

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3

Gao, Yanfa. Yan shi liu bian rao dong xiao ying shi yan yan jiu: Experimental study on the perturbation effect of rock rheology. 8th ed. Beijing: Ke xue chu ban she, 2007.

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4

Andrews, M. J. The effects of simulated global climate change perturbations on Arctic dwarf shrub phenology. Manchester: UMIST, 1994.

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5

Haw, Richard C. The effects of forcing on a single stream shear layer and its parent boundary layer. East Lansing, MI: College of Engineering, Michigan State University, 1990.

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6

1956-, Le Treut Hervé, ed. Climate sensitivity to radiative perturbations: Physical mechanisms and their validation : [proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop "Climate Sensitivity to Radiative Pertubations: Physical Mechanisms and Validation" held in Paris, France, July 11-15, 1994]. New York: Springer, 1996.

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7

Sensing changes: Technologies, environments, and the everyday, 1953-2003. Vancouver: UBC Press, 2010.

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8

O, Ravera, and European Ecological Symposium (5th : 1989 : Siena, Italy), eds. Terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems: Perturbation and recovery. New York: Ellis Horwood, 1991.

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9

Maggiore, Michele. Gravitational Waves. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198570899.001.0001.

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A comprehensive and detailed account of the physics of gravitational waves and their role in astrophysics and cosmology. The part on astrophysical sources of gravitational waves includes chapters on GWs from supernovae, neutron stars (neutron star normal modes, CFS instability, r-modes), black-hole perturbation theory (Regge-Wheeler and Zerilli equations, Teukoslky equation for rotating BHs, quasi-normal modes) coalescing compact binaries (effective one-body formalism, numerical relativity), discovery of gravitational waves at the advanced LIGO interferometers (discoveries of GW150914, GW151226, tests of general relativity, astrophysical implications), supermassive black holes (supermassive black-hole binaries, EMRI, relevance for LISA and pulsar timing arrays). The part on gravitational waves and cosmology include discussions of FRW cosmology, cosmological perturbation theory (helicity decomposition, scalar and tensor perturbations, Bardeen variables, power spectra, transfer functions for scalar and tensor modes), the effects of GWs on the Cosmic Microwave Background (ISW effect, CMB polarization, E and B modes), inflation (amplification of vacuum fluctuations, quantum fields in curved space, generation of scalar and tensor perturbations, Mukhanov-Sasaki equation,reheating, preheating), stochastic backgrounds of cosmological origin (phase transitions, cosmic strings, alternatives to inflation, bounds on primordial GWs) and search of stochastic backgrounds with Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTA).
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10

Wilson, Stuart P. Self-organization. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199674923.003.0005.

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Self-organization describes a dynamic in a system whereby local interactions between individuals collectively yield global order, i.e. spatial patterns unobservable in their entirety to the individuals. By this working definition, self-organization is intimately related to chaos, i.e. global order in the dynamics of deterministic systems that are locally unpredictable. A useful distinction is that a small perturbation to a chaotic system causes a large deviation in its trajectory, i.e. the butterfly effect, whereas self-organizing patterns are robust to noise and perturbation. For many, self-organization is as important to the understanding of biological processes as natural selection. For some, self-organization explains where the complex forms that compete for survival in the natural world originate from. This chapter outlines some fundamental ideas from the study of simulated self-organizing systems, before suggesting how self-organizing principles could be applied through biohybrid societies to establish new theories of living systems.
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Частини книг з теми "Perturbation effect"

1

Bouslema, Marwa, Taher Fakhfakh, Rachid Nasri, and Mohamed Haddar. "The Effect of Perturbation on the FRF Based Substructuring." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 145–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46729-6_15.

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2

Deych, Lev I. "Perturbation Theory for Stationary States: Stark Effect and Polarizability of Atoms." In Advanced Undergraduate Quantum Mechanics, 429–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71550-6_13.

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3

Kéchichian, Jean Albert. "Effect of Atmospheric Drag Perturbation on Circular Orbits: Atmosphere Rotation Considerations." In Orbital Relative Motion and Terminal Rendezvous, 171–246. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64657-8_5.

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4

Olenšek, Andrej, Matjaž Zadravec, and Zlatko Matjačić. "The Effect of Perturbation Time on Selected Spatio-Temporal Parameters of Gait." In IFMBE Proceedings, 618–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31635-8_74.

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5

Bojarevics, Valdis. "MHD of Aluminium Cells with the Effect of Channels and Cathode Perturbation Elements." In Light Metals 2013, 609–14. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118663189.ch104.

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6

Gusev, Alexander, Valentin Samoilov, Vitaly Rostovtsev, and Sergue Vinitsky. "Symbolic Algorithms of Algebraic Perturbation Theory for a Hydrogen Atom: the Stark Effect." In Computer Algebra in Scientific Computing, 219–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57201-2_18.

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7

Bojarevics, Valdis. "MHD of Aluminium Cells with the Effect of Channels and Cathode Perturbation Elements." In Light Metals 2013, 609–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65136-1_104.

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8

Fischer, Marc, Christian Sprecher, Dimitar Iliev Dimitrov, Gagandeep Singh, and Martin Vechev. "Shared Certificates for Neural Network Verification." In Computer Aided Verification, 127–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13185-1_7.

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AbstractExisting neural network verifiers compute a proof that each input is handled correctly under a given perturbation by propagating a symbolic abstraction of reachable values at each layer. This process is repeated from scratch independently for each input (e.g., image) and perturbation (e.g., rotation), leading to an expensive overall proof effort when handling an entire dataset. In this work, we introduce a new method for reducing this verification cost without losing precision based on a key insight that abstractions obtained at intermediate layers for different inputs and perturbations can overlap or contain each other. Leveraging our insight, we introduce the general concept of shared certificates, enabling proof effort reuse across multiple inputs to reduce overall verification costs. We perform an extensive experimental evaluation to demonstrate the effectiveness of shared certificates in reducing the verification cost on a range of datasets and attack specifications on image classifiers including the popular patch and geometric perturbations. We release our implementation at https://github.com/eth-sri/proof-sharing.
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9

Metral, E., G. Rumolo, and W. Herr. "Impedance and Collective Effects." In Particle Physics Reference Library, 105–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34245-6_4.

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AbstractAs the beam intensity increases, the beam can no longer be considered as a collection of non-interacting single particles: in addition to the “single-particle phenomena”, “collective effects” become significant. At low intensity a beam of charged particles moves around an accelerator under the Lorentz force produced by the “external” electromagnetic fields (from the guiding and focusing magnets, RF cavities, etc.). However, the charged particles also interact with themselves (leading to space charge effects) and with their environment, inducing charges and currents in the surrounding structures, which create electromagnetic fields called wake fields. In the ultra-relativistic limit, causality dictates that there can be no electromagnetic field in front of the beam, which explains the term “wake”. It is often useful to examine the frequency content of the wake field (a time domain quantity) by performing a Fourier transformation on it. This leads to the concept of impedance (a frequency domain quantity), which is a complex function of frequency. The charged particles can also interact with other charged particles present in the accelerator (leading to two-stream effects, and in particular to electron cloud effects in positron/hadron machines) and with the counter-rotating beam in a collider (leading to beam–beam effects). As the beam intensity increases, all these “perturbations” should be properly quantified and the motion of the charged particles will eventually still be governed by the Lorentz force but using the total electromagnetic fields, which are the sum of the external and perturbation fields. Note that in some cases a perturbative treatment is not sufficient and the problem has to be solved self consistently. These perturbations can lead to both incoherent (i.e. of a single particle) and coherent (i.e. of the centre of mass) effects, in the longitudinal and in one or both transverse directions, leading to beam quality degradation or even partial or total beam losses. Fortunately, stabilising mechanisms exist, such as Landau damping, electronic feedback systems and linear coupling between the transverse planes (as in the case of a transverse coherent instability, one plane is usually more critical than the other).
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10

Ernst, W. E., J. O. Schröder, and J. Kändier. "High Resolution Spectroscopy of Alkaline Earth Monohalides: Perturbation Analysis, Hyperfine Structure and Stark Effect." In Methods of Laser Spectroscopy, 191–200. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-9459-8_25.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Perturbation effect"

1

Šimić, Ilija, Vedran Sabol, and Eduardo Veas. "Perturbation Effect." In CIKM '22: The 31st ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3511808.3557418.

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2

Arora, Gauri, and P. Senthilkumaran. "Effect of Perturbation on Vector Field Singularities." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2020.jtu2b.2.

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3

Joshi, Abhishek, and Rahul Singhal. "Edge perturbation effect in polygonal patch antennas." In 2015 International Conference on Signal Processing, Computing and Control (ISPCC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ispcc.2015.7375005.

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4

Ren, Shaogang, and Ping Li. "Flow-based Perturbation for Cause-effect Inference." In CIKM '22: The 31st ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3511808.3557326.

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5

Hahn, Steven R., and Aldo A. Ferri. "Effect of Large Structural Perturbations on Response of Structural-Acoustic Systems." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0177.

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Abstract Due to high sensitivity, first-order perturbation analysis of structural-acoustic systems can be inaccurate for large perturbations. Using high-order derivatives to create a Taylor series approximation for the perturbed solution can result in slow convergence or even divergence. A rational polynomial or Padé approximation may overcome the poor convergence of the Taylor series by canceling out the poles causing the poor convergence. In this study, a finite element framework is used to describe the structural-acoustic system. External radiation and scattering problems are accommodated by truncating the infinite fluid region using exponential decay infinite elements. Changes to a nominal model are introduced through a structural perturbation to the nominal structural stiffness and/or mass matrices. An efficient method for calculating the solution derivatives with respect to the structural perturbation is presented. A Taylor series expansion is constructed using the derivative information and the convergence criteria for the series is examined. The local solution and derivatives are then used to construct a Padé approximation. The method is illustrated by considering what effect the addition of a rib stiffener to a plate in a rigid baffle has on the scattering of a plane wave. The approximation is shown to be quite accurate for large perturbations even when there are one or more nearby poles and the Taylor series fails to converge.
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6

Kielb, Robert E., Kenneth C. Hall, and Tomokazu Miyakozawa. "The Effect of Unsteady Aerodynamic Asymmetric Perturbations on Flutter." In ASME Turbo Expo 2007: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2007-27503.

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Nearly all turbomachinery aeroelastic analyses assume that the blades are “tuned” aerodynamically. That is, all blades experience identical steady and unsteady loads (except for an interblade phase shift). This paper presents the results of a perturbations sensitivity study of the effects of aerodynamic asymmetries on flutter of bladed disks. A high fidelity model including both structural and aerodynamic coupling is used. The types of asymmetry considered are single blade, symmetric group, and random. For the case of one blade perturbation, and symmetry group of 2 perturbations, the effect is to suppress flutter. This is similar to the effect of frequency mistuning. However, the results from random perturbations of all blades suggest that manufacturing variations or field damage may cause an engine to flutter. This provides a strong motivation to conduct additional research in this area.
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7

Beldiman, Octavian, Linda G. Bushnell, Gregory C. Walsh, Hua O. Wang, and Yiguang Hong. "Perturbations in Networked Control Systems." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/dsc-24538.

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Abstract In this paper we study the effect of external perturbations on a networked control system. We start by assuming that the non-networked system without perturbation is exponentially stable. Then, for fast enough networks we show that if the perturbation is bounded the networked system is ultimately bounded and if the perturbation is vanishing then the networked system is asymptotically stable. We conclude the paper with simulations verifying the results.
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8

Jiao, Guozheng, Xin Li, Junqiang Qiu, Ning Zhang, Hongying Xu, and Shumin Liu. "The Perturbation Toxic Effect of Graphene on HepG2 Cell." In 2015 International Conference on Advanced Engineering Materials and Technology. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icaemt-15.2015.17.

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Liu, Chia-Ju, Chih-Hung Yang, Siao-Jing Yen, Ming-Chi Lu, Yan-Lin Jhone, Cheng-Liang Lu, and Ming-Chung Ho. "The effect of plant capacitance perturbation on Chua's circuit." In 2016 International Conference on Advanced Materials for Science and Engineering (ICAMSE). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icamse.2016.7840297.

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Yan, Hong, and Datta Gaitonde. "Effect of Thermally-Induced Surface Perturbation in Compressible Flow." In 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including The New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2009-923.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Perturbation effect"

1

Fitzpatrick, R., and T. C. Hender. Effect of a static external magnetic perturbation on resistive mode stability in tokamaks. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10140470.

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2

Wright, Adam, Marija Milacic, Karen Rothfels, Joel Weiser, Quang Trinh, Bijay Jassal, Robin Haw, and Lincoln Stein. Evaluating the Predictive Accuracy of Reactome's Curated Biological Pathways. Reactome, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3180/poster/20221109wright.

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Reactome is a database of human biological pathways manually curated from the primary literature and peer-reviewed by experts. To evaluate the utility of Reactome pathways for predicting functional consequences of genetic perturbations, we compared predictions of perturbation effects based on Reactome pathways against published empirical observations. Ten cancer-relevant Reactome pathways, representing diverse biological processes such as signal transduction, cell division, DNA repair, and transcriptional regulation, were selected for testing. For each pathway, root input nodes and key pathway outputs were defined. We then used pathway-diagram-derived logic graphs to predict, either by inspection by biocurators or using a novel algorithm MP-BioPath, the effects of bidirectional perturbations (upregulation/activation or downregulation/inhibition) of single root inputs on the status of key outputs. These predictions were then compared to published empirical tests.
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3

Terry, M. R. Effects of an External Perturbation on a Cylindrical Spheromak. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15007468.

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Lyon, Gordon. Computing effects and error for large synthetic perturbation screenings. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.5296.

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5

Grebogi, C., and J. A. Yorke. The study of effects of small perturbations on chaotic systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5955609.

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Grebogi, C., and J. A. Yorke. The study of effects of small perturbations on chaotic systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6214490.

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Lopez, G., and S. Chen. Emittance growth saturation effect in synchrotron machines due to point-like perturbations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/71705.

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Pomphrey, N., and A. Reiman. Effect of nonaxisymmetric perturbations on the structure of a tokamak poloidal divertor. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5689318.

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Pomphrey, N., and A. Reiman. Effect of nonaxisymmetric perturbations on the structure of a tokamak poloidal divertor. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10124907.

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Pankin, Alexei Y., and Arnold H. Kritz. Investigation of ELM [edge localized mode] Dynamics with the Resonant Magnetic Perturbation Effects. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1052215.

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