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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "OVERLAPPING APPROACH"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "OVERLAPPING APPROACH"

Hajiabadi, Mahdi, Hadi Zare, and Hossein Bobarshad. "IEDC: An integrated approach for overlapping and non-overlapping community detection." Knowledge-Based Systems 123 (May 2017): 188–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2017.02.018.

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Renstrom, Thomas I. "Endogenous Taxation: An Overlapping Generations Approach." Economic Journal 106, no. 435 (March 1996): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2235261.

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Mishra, Satya, Arvind Shah, and John Lefante. "Overlapping coefficient: the generalized t approach." Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods 15, no. 1 (1986): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610928608829110.

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Iftar, Altug. "Overlapping Decentralized Controller Design for Descriptor-type Systems with Distributed Time-delay." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 20 (September 27, 2021): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23201.2021.20.29.

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Decentralized controller design using overlapping decompositions is considered for descriptor-type systems with distributed time-delay. The approach is based on the principle of extension. In this approach, a given large-scale system is decomposed overlappingly into a number of subsystems and expanded such that the overlapping parts appear as disjoint. A decentralized controller is then designed for the expanded system. This controller is then contracted for implementation on the original system. It is shown that if the decentralized controllers are designed to stabilize the expanded system and to achieve certain performance, then the contracted controller, which would have an overlapping decentralized structure, will stabilize the original system and will achieve corresponding performance

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Danganan, Alvincent E., and Regina P. Arceo. "Overlapping clustering with k-median extension algorithm: An effective approach for overlapping clustering." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 26, no. 3 (June 1, 2022): 1607. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v26.i3.pp1607-1615.

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Most natural <span>world data involves overlapping communities where an object may belong to one or more clusters, referred to as overlapping clustering. However, it is worth mentioning that these algorithms have a significant drawback. Since some of the algorithm uses k-means, it also inherits the characteristics of being noise sensitive due to the arithmetic mean value which noisy data can considerably influence and affects the clustering algorithm by biasing the structure of obtained clusters. This paper proposed a new overlapping clustering algorithm named OCKMEx, which uses k-median to identify overlapping clusters in the presence of outliers. This new method aims to determine the insensitivity of the OCKMEx algorithm in locating data points that overlap even with outliers. An experimental evaluation of the algorithm was conducted wherein synthetic datasets served as a data source, and the F1 measure criterion was applied to assess the OCKMEx algorithm performance. Results indicate that the OCKMEx algorithm implementing the use of k-median performed a higher accuracy rate of 100% in identifying data points that overlap even with outliers compared to the existing k-means algorithm. The algorithm exhibited a promising performance in identifying overlapping clusters and was resistant to outliers.</span>

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Sokol, E. R., J. A. Lagares, V. W. Sung, and C. R. Rardin. "Video 5: Overlapping Sphincteroplasty: The Colorectal Approach." Journal of Pelvic Medicine and Surgery 10 (2004): S42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.spv.0000134104.99739.6d.

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Iftar, Altug. "Controller Design for Descriptor-type Systems with Distributed Timedelay Using Extension." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 20 (March 30, 2021): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23201.2021.20.3.

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Controller design using extension is considered for descriptor-type systems with distributed time-delay. The approach is useful in decentralized controller design using overlapping decompositions. In this approach, a given largescale system is decomposed overlappingly into a number of subsystems and expanded such that the overlapping parts appear as disjoint. Since the subsystems appear as disjoint for the expanded system, it is easier to design a descentralized controller for the expanded system. This controller is then contracted for implementation on the original system. In the present paper, it is shown how to contract such a controller to guarantee stability and desired performance for the original system

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Sun, Baohua, Richard Al-Bayaty, Qiuyuan Huang, and Dapeng Wu. "Game theoretical approach for non-overlapping community detection." Tsinghua Science and Technology 26, no. 5 (October 2021): 706–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.26599/tst.2020.9010017.

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Grobe, M., C. Münzenmayer, H. Kuziela, K. Spinnler, and T. Wittenberg. "A Semantic Approach to Segmentation of Overlapping Objects." Methods of Information in Medicine 43, no. 04 (2004): 343–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1633889.

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Summary Objectives: This paper aims at introducing a novel approach for segmentation of overlapping objects and at demonstrating its applicability to medical images. Methods: This work details a novel approach enhancing the known theory of full-segmentation of an image into regions by lifting it to a semantic segmentation into objects. Our theory allows the formal description of partitioning an image into regions on the first level and allowing the occurrence of overlaps and occlusions of objects on a second, semantic level. Possible applications for the use of this ‘semantical segmentation‘ are the analysis of radiographs and micrographs. We demonstrate our approach by the example of segmentation and separation of overlapping cervical cells and cell clusters on a set of 787 image pairs of registered PAP- and DAPI-stained micrographs. The semantical cell segmentation yielding areas of cell plasmas and nuclei are compared to a manual segmentation of the same images, where 2212 cells have been labeled. A direct comparison of over and under-segmentation between the two segmentation sets yields a mean difference value of 10.15% for the nuclei and 10.80% for the plasma. Results: Using the proposed theory of semantical segmentation of images in combination with adequate models of the image contents, our approach allows identifying, separating and distinguishing several overlapping, occluding objects in medical images. Applying the proposed theory to the application of cervical cell segmentation from overlapping cell clusters and aggregates, it can be seen that it is possible to formally describe the complex image contents. Conclusions: The proposed method of semantical segmentation is a mighty tool and under the assumption of the subtractive transparency model can be used in different medical image processing applications such as radiology and microscopy. By using alternative models to solve the ambiguities attached to overlaps and occlusions, further fields of application can be addressed.

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Raviv, D., Y. H. Pao, and K. A. Loparo. "Segmentation between overlapping parts: the moving shadows approach." IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics 19, no. 4 (1989): 880–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/21.35353.

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Дисертації з теми "OVERLAPPING APPROACH"

Melindi, Ghidi Paolo <1979&gt. "Population ageing, longevity and migration: an overlapping generations approach." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/795/1/Tesi_Melindi_Ghidi_Paolo.pdf.

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The silent demographic revolution characterizing the main industrialized countries is an unavoidable factor which has major economic, social, cultural and psychological implications. This thesis studies the main consequences of population ageing and the connections with the phenomenon of migration, The theoretical analysis is developed using Overlapping Generations Models (OLG). The thesis is divided in the following four chapters: 1) “A Model for Determining Consumption and Social Assistance Demand in Uncertainty Conditions”, focuses on the relation between demographic impact and social insurance and proposes the institution of a non selfsufficiency fund for the elderly. 2) "Population Ageing, Longevity and Health", analyzes the effects of health investment on intertemporal individual behaviour and capital accumulation. 3) "Population Ageing and the Nursing Flow", studies the consequences of migration in the nursing sector. 4) "Quality of Multiculturalism and Minorities' Assimilation", focuses on the problem of assimilation and integration of minorities.

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Monostori, Krisztian 1975. "Efficient computational approach to identifying overlapping documents in large digital collections." Monash University, School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, 2002. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8756.

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Wang, Zhongxiao. "Parallel computation for reservoir thermal simulation An overlapping domain decomposition approach /." Ann Arbor, Mich. : Proquest, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=954046251&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1187901937&clientId=57025.

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Dorrell, Paul Roderick. "An instantaneous frequency approach to the pitch tracking of overlapping voices." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360524.

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GONG, BAOMING. "Hardening Cohesive/Overlapping Zone Model and Fractal Approach to Ductile Fracture." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2497105.

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Most of fracture parameters (K, G, J-integral, COD) break down, especially for ductile materials and large crack extensions. In addition, even at small scale yielding, K, G, J- integral and COD are limitedly used to distinguish the onset of unstable fracture, without any concern regarding the pre-onset and post-reaction. On the other hands, the specimen size and geometry dependences of K/G/J-integral/COD are beyond the capability of the classical Fracture Mechanics where most of methodologies rely on only a single-parameter to characterize the structural integrity. In essence, K/G/J-integral/COD are based on the same underlying idea of energy released per crack extension. Thus, when crack extension is accompanied by the other irreversible energy dissipation, neither J-integral nor COD/CTOA is able to describe the failure processes (crack onset, growth and catastrophic fracture). Moreover, K/G/J-integral/COD are by definition global parameters in nature. Their average field characters are unable to describe some mechanical behaviour inherent to material heterogeneity and disorder. As a result, it is no wonder that the applications of K/G/J-integral/COD are severely limited, and even invalid as observed in substantial experiments. The cohesive zone model and fractal approach are the cornerstone in this thesis. It is essential that a proper fracture theory should basically take into both the stress intensification and material disorder at different scales into account. A Hardening Cohesive/Overlapping Zone Model is proposed for the analysis of complex mechanical phenomena in fracture of metallic materials. It is assumed that the unique correspondence between uniaxial tension/compression and ductile fracture can be established. As a result, the advantages of the cohesive crack model are kept in order to simulate the stress and strain concentrations. Most metals and alloys are not homogeneous. Thus, macroscopic level behaviours are essentially originated from a microscopic one, as well as taking into account local fluctuations due to disorder. Especially, fracture is quite sensitive to disorder, and sometimes mean field theory without consideration of disorder is not able to provide accurate predications. The fractal approaches to scale effects are adopted to introduce the inherent effects from material disorder at different scales. The scale-independent cohesive and overlapping laws with respect to the classical stress–strain relations can be presented. Consequently, fractal approach can avoid the limitations of a classical mean-field approach, where disorder is simply averaged in an elementary representative volume. In addition, energy brittleness number sE is proven to be a characteristic parameter to evaluate the fracture instability not only in quasi-brittle materials but also in metallic materials under certain conditions.

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Senthil, Rathna. "IDLE: A Novel Approach to Improving Overlapping Community Detection in Complex Networks." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/65160.

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Complex systems in areas such as biology, physics, social science, and technology are extensively modeled as networks due to the rich set of tools available for their study and analysis. In such networks, groups of nodes that correspond to functional units or those that share some common attributes result in densely connected structures called communities. Community formation is an inherent process, and it is not easy to detect these structures because of the complex ways in which components of these systems interact. Detecting communities in complex networks is important because it helps us to understand their internal dynamics better, thereby leading to significant insights into the underlying systems. Overlapping communities are formed when nodes in the network simultaneously belong to more than one community, and it has been shown that most real networks naturally contain such an overlapping community structure. In this thesis, I introduce a new approach to overlapping community detection called IDLE that incorporates ideas from another interesting problem: the identification of influential spreaders. Influential spreaders are nodes that play an important role in the propagation of information or diseases in networks. Research suggests that the main core identified by k-core decomposition techniques are the most influential spreaders. In my approach, I use these k-cores as candidate seeds for local community detection. Following a well-defined seed selection process, IDLE builds and prunes their corresponding local communities. It then augments the resulting local communities and puts them together to obtain the global overlapping community structure of the network. My approach improves on the current local community detection techniques, because they use either random nodes or maximal k-cliques as seeds, and they do not focus explicitly on detecting overlapping nodes in the network. Hence their results can be significantly improved in building ground-truth overlapping communities. The results of my experiments on real and synthetic networks indicate that IDLE results in enhanced overlapping community detection and thereby a better identification of overlapping nodes that could be important or influential components in the underlying system.
Master of Science

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Wu, Xin Yang. "Forecasting the growth effect of population aging in Macao : an overlapping generations approach." Thesis, University of Macau, 2010. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2148235.

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Zakaria, Aalhassan. "Human Rights In Islam : A Pluralistic Approach." Thesis, Linköping University, Centre for Applied Ethics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-9125.

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Human rights as codified in international documents are claims every human being have by virtue of being a human. Meaning that every state must ensure, through its laws, that each individual is guaranteed these claims or rights equally. Islamic principles like other religions are obligations that its members (Muslims) must perform rather than claims. Therefore, it is possible that individual rights may not be respected within Islamic principles because, of the differences in their origin and emphasis, one is a claim and the other a duty of believers.

The concern of violating rights of other people within Islamic law calls into attention how Islamic principles can be applied in a state while guaranteeing human rights as universal principles.

This study discusses various approaches proposed by Muslim authors on how human rights can be justified in Islam. Since human rights are political concepts, in the sense that each state must ensure that human beings go about their life freely, they should be the focus of consensus among different doctrines in a modern state. That is a principle to justify human rights in Islam must consider the fact of pluralism of religious doctrines and how all are included in the political process of the state.

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Salmons, David. "The overlapping of legal concepts : a legal realist approach to the classification of private law." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3227/.

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The main aim of this research is two-fold; firstly, these chapters will seek to demonstrate the unreliability of theoretical or abstract approaches to legal reasoning in describing the law. Secondly, rather than merely providing a deconstruction of previous attempts to classify private law, the chapters attempt to construct an overlapping approach to classification. This represents a new way of classifying private law, which builds on the foundations of the lessons of legal realism and explains how classification can accommodate overlaps to assist in identifying the core elements of private law reasoning. Following the realist tradition, the thesis argues for narrower formulations of the concepts of property, contract and tort. It is then argued that within these narrower concepts, the law is made more predictable and clearer. Importantly, adopting the overlapping analysis, we can explain the areas that we have removed from property, contract and tort as overlaps with these core concepts. The purpose is to recognise that legal concepts can be best understood as links between facts and judicial decision making, and the best way to achieve this is to reject discrete categorisation and, instead, to recognise the overlapping of legal concepts.

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Книги з теми "OVERLAPPING APPROACH"

Neil, Wallace, ed. Introduction to dynamic macroeconomic theory: An overlapping generations approach. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1991.

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McCandless, George, and Neil Wallace. Introduction to Dynamic Macroeconomic Theory: An Overlapping Generations Approach. Harvard University Press, 1992.

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Bednar-Friedl, Birgit, and Karl Farmer. Intertemporal Resource Economics: An Introduction to the Overlapping Generations Approach. Springer, 2014.

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Bednar-Friedl, Birgit, and Karl Farmer. Intertemporal Resource Economics: An Introduction to the Overlapping Generations Approach. Springer, 2010.

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Bednar-Friedl, Birgit, and Karl Farmer. Intertemporal Resource Economics: An Introduction to the Overlapping Generations Approach. Springer London, Limited, 2010.

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Growth And International Trade An Introduction To The Overlapping Generations Approach. Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH &, 2013.

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Farmer, Karl, and Matthias Schelnast. Growth and International Trade: An Introduction to the Overlapping Generations Approach. Springer, 2015.

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Farmer, Karl, and Matthias Schelnast. Growth and International Trade: An Introduction to the Overlapping Generations Approach. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, 2021.

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Farmer, Karl, and Matthias Schelnast. Growth and International Trade: An Introduction to the Overlapping Generations Approach. Springer London, Limited, 2013.

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Farmer, Karl, and Matthias Schelnast. Growth and International Trade: An Introduction to the Overlapping Generations Approach. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, 2022.

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Частини книг з теми "OVERLAPPING APPROACH"

Xu, Yingge, Yan Yang, Hongjun Wang, and Jie Hu. "An Overlapping Clustering Approach with Correlation Weight." In Rough Sets, 611–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60837-2_49.

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Shan, Jing, Derong Shen, Tiezheng Nie, Yue Kou, and Ge Yu. "An Efficient Approach of Overlapping Communities Search." In Database Systems for Advanced Applications, 374–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18120-2_22.

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Black, C. F. "Overlapping Worlds: An Indigenous Jurisprudential Approach to SeaCities." In SeaCities, 295–304. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8748-1_12.

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Gabardo, Ademir C., Regina Berretta, Natalie J. de Vries, and Pablo Moscato. "Where Does My Brand End? An Overlapping Community Approach." In Proceedings in Adaptation, Learning and Optimization, 133–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49049-6_10.

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Slavnov, Konstantin, and Maxim Panov. "Overlapping Community Detection in Weighted Graphs: Matrix Factorization Approach." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 3–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35400-8_1.

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Zhao, Wei, Yangzhi Guo, Chao Lei, and Jianan Yan. "Overlapping Community Detection in Network: A Fuzzy Evaluation Approach." In Bio-inspired Computing – Theories and Applications, 41–46. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3614-9_5.

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Grass-Boada, Darian Horacio, Airel Pérez-Suárez, Leticia Arco, Rafael Bello, and Alejandro Rosete. "Overlapping Community Detection Using Multi-objective Approach and Rough Clustering." In Rough Sets, 416–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52705-1_31.

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Yu, Hong, Ying Wang, and Peng Jiao. "A Three-Way Decisions Approach to Density-Based Overlapping Clustering." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 92–109. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45909-6_6.

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Lin, Wangqun, Yuchen Zhao, Philip S. Yu, and Bo Deng. "An Effective Approach on Overlapping Structures Discovery for Co-clustering." In Web Technologies and Applications, 56–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11116-2_6.

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Dejnozkova, Eva, and Petr Dokladal. "Modelling of Overlapping Circular Objects Based on Level Set Approach." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 416–23. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30125-7_52.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "OVERLAPPING APPROACH"

Chmielewski, Andrzej, and Slawomir T. Wierzchon. "Minimizing overlapping regions for double detectors approach." In 2009 International Multiconference on Computer Science and Information Technology (IMCSIT). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/imcsit.2009.5352745.

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Jin, Ruoming, Yang Xiang, David Fuhry, and Feodor F. Dragan. "Overlapping Matrix Pattern Visualization: A Hypergraph Approach." In 2008 Eighth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdm.2008.102.

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Valejo, Alan, Jorge Valverde-Rebaza, and Alneu de Andrade Lopes. "A Multilevel Approach for Overlapping Community Detection." In 2014 Brazilian Conference on Intelligent Systems (BRACIS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bracis.2014.76.

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"Handling Overlapping Collisions: A Dynamic Topology Approach." In 2018 Spring Simulation Multi-Conference. Society for Modeling and Simulation International (SCS), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.22360/springsim.2018.tms.020.

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Sultan, M., J. Calvet, and M. Hassan. "An iterative overlapping decomposition approach to parameter estimation." In 1986 25th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control. IEEE, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.1986.267537.

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Sun, Baohua, Richard Al-Bayaty, Qiuyuan Huang, and Dapeng Wu. "Game Theoretical Approach for Non-Overlapping Community Detection." In 2019 5th International Conference on Big Data Computing and Communications (BIGCOM). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bigcom.2019.00038.

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Ut-Va Koc and K. J. Ray Liu. "Adaptive overlapping approach for DCT-based motion estimation." In Proceedings International Conference on Image Processing. IEEE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icip.1995.529586.

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Ivannikova, Elena, Anna V. Kononova, and Timo Hamalainen. "Probabilistic group dependence approach for discovering overlapping clusters." In 2016 IEEE 26th International Workshop on Machine Learning for Signal Processing (MLSP). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mlsp.2016.7738882.

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Danganan, Alvincent E., Ariel M. Sison, and Ruji P. Medina. "OCA: Overlapping Clustering Application: Unsupervised Approach for Data Analysis." In 2018 International Conference on Intelligent Informatics and Biomedical Sciences (ICIIBMS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciibms.2018.8550020.

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Tang, Lei, Xufei Wang, Huan Liu, and Lei Wang. "A multi-resolution approach to learning with overlapping communities." In the First Workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1964858.1964861.

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Звіти організацій з теми "OVERLAPPING APPROACH"

Giles Álvarez, Laura, Juan Carlos Vargas-Moreno, and Leonardo Pacheco Tenório Cavalcanti. Maps for Gaps: A Geospatial Approach to Estimating Development Gaps in Haiti. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003811.

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This paper presents the results of a development gap analysis for Haiti using a geospatial approach. Gaps are calculated and characterized by means of qualitative and quantitative techniques, including macroeconomic, microeconomic, and geospatial data analyses. The analysis identifies, presents, and discusses 16 sectoral gaps. It is then expanded by overlapping the sectoral gaps to identify possible relations and spillover effects between them. The results suggest that transportation, early childhood education, and crime and insecurity gaps are the most significant in terms of the area and population affected. Results also show that 24 percent of the area of the country and 9.9 percent of Haitians are affected by nine or more overlapping gaps, particularly in the Nord-Ouest, Artibonite, and Centre departments. In terms of the links between sectors, crime and insecurity gaps tend to overlap with gaps in early childhood education and employment opportunities.

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Borgida, Alex, and Ralf Küsters. What's not in a name? Initial Explorations of a Structural Approach to Integrating Large Concept Knowledge-Bases. Aachen University of Technology, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.101.

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Aus der Einleitung: Given two ontologies/terminologies collections of terms and their 'meanings' as used in some universe of discourse (UofD), our general task is to integrate them into a single ontology, which captures the meanings of the original terms and their inter-relationships. This problem is motivated by several application scenarios: • First, such ontologies have been and are being developed independently by multiple groups for knowledge-based and other applications. Among others, medicine is an area in which such ontologies already abound [RZStGC, CCHJ94, SCC97]. • Second, a traditional step in database design has been so-called 'view integration': taking the descriptions of the database needs of different parts of an organization (called 'external views'), and coming up with a unified central schema (called the 'logical schema') for the database [BLN86]. Although the database views might be expressed in some low-level formalism, such as the relational data model, one can express the semantics (meta-data) in a more expressive notation, which can be thought of as an ontology. Then the integration of the ontologies can guide the integration of the views. • Finally, databases and semistructured data on the internet provide many examples where there are multiple, existing heterogeneous information sources, for which uniform access is desired. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to relate the contents of the various information sources. The approach of choice has been the development of a single, integrated ontology, starting from separate ontologies capturing the semantics of the heterogeneous sources[Kas97, CDGL+98]. Of course, we could just take the union of the two ontologies, and return the result as the integration. However, except for the case when the ontologies had absolutely nothing to do with each other, this seems inappropriate. Therefore part of our task will to be explore what it means to 'integrate' two ontologies. To help in this, we will in fact assume here that the ontologies are describing exactly the same aspects of the universe of discourse (UofD), leaving for a separate paper the issue of dealing with partially overlapping ontologies.

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Haarsager, Ulrike, Claudia Figueroa, Chiaki Yamamoto, Fernando Barbosa, Anna Funaro, Galia Rabchinsky, Melanie Putic, et al. Evaluation of IDB Lab: Strategic Relevance. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003405.

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This report presents the findings of the first phase of an evaluation of IDB Lab, which until 2018 was known as the Multilateral Investment Fund (MIF). The mandate for this independent evaluation stems from the second capital replenishment of the MIF (MIF III), which was approved by MIF Donors in April 2017 and became effective in March 2019. The Agreement Establishing the MIF III lays out the expected functions of the Fund and establishes that, any time after the first anniversary of the MIF III, IDB's Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) is to conduct an independent evaluation to: i. Review MIF results in light of the purpose and functions of the MIF III Agreement; ii. Assess MIF operations for relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, innovation, sustainability, and additionality; iii. Determine to what extent progress has been made on implementing the approved recommendations of OVE's 2013 evaluation of the MIF. Donors requested that OVE deliver an evaluation of IDB Lab in 2021 to inform discussions about the Lab's future and funding model. As a result, OVE included this evaluation in its 2020/2021 work program and developed an Approach Paper (Annex V) issued in October 2020. OVE is conducting the evaluation in two overlapping phases. The first phase, conducted from April 2020 to May 2021, evaluated the relevance of IDB Lab's mandate, strategic focus, and corporate setup. Its findings are presented in this report. A second phase of the evaluation, currently ongoing, evaluates IDB Lab operations. This is OVE's third independent corporate evaluation of the MIF requested by Donors.

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Pedersen, Gjertrud. Symphonies Reframed. Norges Musikkhøgskole, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22501/nmh-ar.481294.

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Symphonies Reframed recreates symphonies as chamber music. The project aims to capture the features that are unique for chamber music, at the juncture between the “soloistic small” and the “orchestral large”. A new ensemble model, the “triharmonic ensemble” with 7-9 musicians, has been created to serve this purpose. By choosing this size range, we are looking to facilitate group interplay without the need of a conductor. We also want to facilitate a richness of sound colours by involving piano, strings and winds. The exact combination of instruments is chosen in accordance with the features of the original score. The ensemble setup may take two forms: nonet with piano, wind quartet and string quartet (with double bass) or septet with piano, wind trio and string trio. As a group, these instruments have a rich tonal range with continuous and partly overlapping registers. This paper will illuminate three core questions: What artistic features emerge when changing from large orchestral structures to mid-sized chamber groups? How do the performers reflect on their musical roles in the chamber ensemble? What educational value might the reframing unfold? Since its inception in 2014, the project has evolved to include works with vocal, choral and soloistic parts, as well as sonata literature. Ensembles of students and professors have rehearsed, interpreted and performed our transcriptions of works by Brahms, Schumann and Mozart. We have also carried out interviews and critical discussions with the students, on their experiences of the concrete projects and on their reflections on own learning processes in general. Chamber ensembles and orchestras are exponents of different original repertoire. The difference in artistic output thus hinges upon both ensemble structure and the composition at hand. Symphonies Reframed seeks to enable an assessment of the qualities that are specific to the performing corpus and not beholden to any particular piece of music. Our transcriptions have enabled comparisons and reflections, using original compositions as a reference point. Some of our ensemble musicians have had first-hand experience with performing the original works as well. Others have encountered the works for the first time through our productions. This has enabled a multi-angled approach to the three central themes of our research. This text is produced in 2018.

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Lind, Jeremy, Rachel Sabates-Wheeler, and Carolina Szyp. Cash-Plus Programming in Protracted Crises: A Review of Programmes in Contexts of Overlapping Conflict, Forced Displacement and Climate-Related Shocks. Institute of Development Studies, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/basic.2023.001.

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This paper explores the nature and effectiveness of cash-plus programmes in protracted crisis settings characterised by conflict, displacement and recurrent climate shocks. Despite limited evidence on their suitability or sufficiency in such contexts, where high-quality supply-side services are lacking, cash-plus programmes aim to improve the wellbeing and livelihoods of chronically poor and food-insecure populations by providing cash transfers alongside services and assets to enhance opportunities in local economies. The paper reviews 97 cash-plus programmes in 16 countries, considering their design features and outcomes. It finds that cash-plus programmes in protracted crises, with some technical adjustments, resemble those in stable settings. For instance, objectives rarely explicitly address wider transformative agendas and drivers of vulnerability (such as economic structures rooted in conflict), often focusing on the micro-level – on households and individuals. Evaluation data on programme outcomes and impacts is limited, thus restricting the availability of evidence on better approaches. The paper concludes that cash-plus programmes need to address the specific dynamics and drivers of vulnerability in different protracted crisis contexts, going beyond interventions focused on individuals to tackle structural causes of weakened livelihoods. Furthermore, it highlights the need for more evidence on the effectiveness and long-term sustainability of cash-plus programmes in these challenging contexts.

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Gutiérrez Rodríguez, Encarnación. Entangled Migrations The Coloniality of Migration and Creolizing Conviviality. Maria Sibylla Merian International Centre for Advanced Studies in the Humanities and Social Sciences Conviviality-Inequality in Latin America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46877/rodriguez.2021.35.

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This Working Paper discusses entangled migrations as territorially and temporally entangled onto-epistemological phenomena. As a theoretical-analytical framework, it addresses the material, epistemological and ethical premises of spatial-temporal entanglements and relationality in the understanding of migration as a modern colonial phenomenon. Entangled migrations acknowledges that local migratory movements mirror global migrations in complex ways, engaging with the analysis of historical connections, territorial entrenchments, cultural confluences, and overlapping antagonistic relations across nations and continents. Drawing on European immigration to the American continent and specifically to Brazil in the 19th century, this argument is tentatively developed by discussing two opposite moments of entangled migrations, the coloniality of migration and creolizing conviviality. To do this, the paper engages first with the theoretical framework of spatial-temporal entanglements. Second, it approaches the coloniality of migration. Finally, it briefly discusses creolizing conviviality.

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Antignus, Yehezkiel, Ernest Hiebert, Shlomo Cohen, and Susan Webb. Approaches for Studying the Interaction of Geminiviruses with Their Whitefly Vector Bemisia tabaci. United States Department of Agriculture, July 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604928.bard.

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The DNA of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCB) was detected in its whitefly vector, Bemisia tabaci, by dot spot hybridization as early as 1 h after acquisition access. The retention of the virus nucleic acid in the vector was at least 23 days after a 48 h acquisition access. However, the retention of TYLCV coat protein did not exceed 10 days. No replicative forms of TYLCV could be detected in B. tabaci, indicating a non-propagative relationship with the vector. Whiteflies were not able to accumulate naked virion ssDNA, virus cloned dsDNA, or virions with impaired coat protein. Deletion, frameshift, and single amino acid mutations were inserted into open reading frames (ORFs) V1 and V2 (Coat protein) of TYLCV. The ability of these mutants to replicate, to spread and to induce symptoms was tested both in leaf disks and in intact plants. No replication was found in tissues that were infected with a deletion mutant that lacked the carboxy half of the coat protein gene. Residual amounts of ssDNA and dsDNA were detected i tissues infected with a frameshift mutant in which an early termination at the extreme part of the protein. Two other mutants in which a single amino acid was changed in the overlapping part of V1 and V2 were able to spread systemically but infections remained symptomless and the production of ssDNA and dsDNA were significantly lower. These mutants were acquired and transmitted by Bemisia tabaci. Procedures for the the dissection, fixation and embedding of whiteflies were developed. The anatomy and ultrastructure of the salivary gland and the midgut of Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaporariorum (a vector and non-vector of geminiviruses respectively) was studied and described. Monoclonal antibodies against bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV) with narrow and broad spectrum were prepared. Transmission studies of tomato mottle geminivirus (TMoV) by B. tabaci were carried out. These studies were essential for a further work aimed to understand the interaction of geminiviruses with the insect and their localization in its tissues. To enable the production of transgenic plants procedures were developed for tomato transformation with both Agrobacterium and microparticle bombardment.

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Soriano Somarriba, Edgar Oscary, and Mark D. Bowman. Pack Rust: Mitigation Strategy Effectiveness. Purdue University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317373.

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As of 2013, the damage caused by corrosion on highway bridges has been estimated to cost approximately 14 billion dollars annually, and this cost has been increasing over the years. Corrosion is one of the natural phenomena that has been slowly deteriorating infrastructure systems across the United States. One of the most problematic types of corrosion is crevice corrosion, which is defined as the formation of rust between overlapping surfaces, such as the case of a splice connection where flanges are attached by splice plates. A significant number of steel bridges in Indiana have developed crevice corrosion in splice connections. Therefore, this research focuses on the crevice corrosion, or “pack rust,” occurring in these structural elements. The application of coatings alone has not been enough to stop pack rust at these connections. In an attempt to look for approaches that can effectively mitigate this problem and maintain the designed service life of bridges, different strategies have been studied and tested. It was found that the proper use of penetrating sealers can be effective in delaying the development of further corrosion, while the use of caulk alone may be problematic as a repair method.

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Aremu, Fatai. Donor Action for Empowerment and Accountability in Nigeria. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.015.

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Multiple development actors are interested in stimulating more inclusive fiscal governance. Efforts to generate greater budget transparency, citizen participation in resource allocation, and public oversight of government spending are commonplace. How can development donors and lenders support such efforts, and what are their limitations? How do their attempts to do so interact? Exploring the outcomes of two projects in the Nigerian States of Jigawa and Kaduna provide some answers to these questions. The projects pursue overlapping goals, but with different approaches. The Partnership to Engage, Reform and Learn (PERL) programme funded by the UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office works in a granular and contextually adapted way in each state to construct joint government and civil initiatives that test and embed citizen engagement and oversight approaches. The World Bank States Financial Transparency Accountability and Sustainability (SFTAS) initiative offers financial incentives to states if they meet a set of common public financial management benchmarks. Their actions have been complementary in several ways, despite significant contextual differences between the states in terms of conflict dynamics and prevailing citizen–state relations. The projects also reinforced each other’s efforts on public procurement reform in Kaduna State. However, in Jigawa State, SFTAS incentives to pass a procurement law following a standard template failed to codify and may indeed reverse gains from longstanding PERL efforts supporting transparency. This illustrates how donors with similar reform objectives in the same contexts can unconsciously undermine existing efforts towards overarching public accountability goals.

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Ohad, Nir, and Robert Fischer. Regulation of Fertilization-Independent Endosperm Development by Polycomb Proteins. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7695869.bard.

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Arabidopsis mutants that we have isolated, encode for fertilization-independent endosperm (fie), fertilization-independent seed2 (fis2) and medea (mea) genes, act in the female gametophyte and allow endosperm to develop without fertilization when mutated. We cloned the FIE and MEA genes and showed that they encode WD and SET domain polycomb (Pc G) proteins, respectively. Homologous proteins of FIE and MEA in other organisms are known to regulate gene transcription by modulating chromatin structure. Based on our results, we proposed a model whereby both FIE and MEA interact to suppress transcription of regulatory genes. These genes are transcribed only at proper developmental stages, as in the central cell of the female gametophyte after fertilization, thus activating endosperm development. To test our model, the following questions were addressed: What is the Composition and Function of the Polycomb Complex? Molecular, biochemical, genetic and genomic approaches were offered to identify members of the complex, analyze their interactions, and understand their function. What is the Temporal and Spatial Pattern of Polycomb Proteins Accumulation? The use of transgenic plants expressing tagged FIE and MEA polypeptides as well as specific antibodies were proposed to localize the endogenous polycomb complex. How is Polycomb Protein Activity Controlled? To understand the molecular mechanism controlling the accumulation of FIE protein, transgenic plants as well as molecular approaches were proposed to determine whether FIE is regulated at the translational or posttranslational levels. The objectives of our research program have been accomplished and the results obtained exceeded our expectation. Our results reveal that fie and mea mutations cause parent-of-origin effects on seed development by distinct mechanisms (Publication 1). Moreover our data show that FIE has additional functions besides controlling the development of the female gametophyte. Using transgenic lines in which FIE was not expressed or the protein level was reduced during different developmental stages enabled us for the first time to explore FIE function during sporophyte development (Publication 2 and 3). Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that FIE, a single copy gene in the Arabidopsis genome, represses multiple developmental pathways (i.e., endosperm, embryogenesis, shot formation and flowering). Furthermore, we identified FIE target genes, including key transcription factors known to promote flowering (AG and LFY) as well as shoot and leaf formation (KNAT1) (Publication 2 and 3), thus demonstrating that in plants, as in mammals and insects, PcG proteins control expression of homeobox genes. Using the Yeast two hybrid system and pull-down assays we demonstrated that FIE protein interact with MEA via the N-terminal region (Publication 1). Moreover, CURLY LEAF protein, an additional member of the SET domain family interacts with FIE as well. The overlapping expression patterns of FIE, with ether MEA or CLF and their common mutant phenotypes, demonstrate the versatility of FIE function. FIE association with different SET domain polycomb proteins, results in differential regulation of gene expression throughout the plant life cycle (Publication 3). In vitro interaction assays we have recently performed demonstrated that FIE interacts with the cell cycle regulatory component Retinobalsoma protein (pRb) (Publication 4). These results illuminate the potential mechanism by which FIE may restrain embryo sac central cell division, at least partly, through interaction with, and suppression of pRb-regulated genes. The results of this program generated new information about the initiation of reproductive development and expanded our understanding of how PcG proteins regulate developmental programs along the plant life cycle. The tools and information obtained in this program will lead to novel strategies which will allow to mange crop plants and to increase crop production.

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