Готові списки джерел за темами / OPTIMAL AVAILABILITY

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Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "OPTIMAL AVAILABILITY"

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ANGUS, JOHN E., MENG-LAI YIN, and KISHOR TRIVEDI. "OPTIMAL RANDOM AGE REPLACEMENT FOR AVAILABILITY." International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 19, no. 05 (October 2012): 1250021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539312500210.

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An age replacement maintenance policy is considered here, in which a system is restored whenever it fails, or ages without failure up to a preventive maintenance epoch (whichever comes first). The duration of the restoration activity is random, and depends on whether it was precipitated by a failure or by a preventive maintenance action. The case where the preventive maintenance epoch is deterministic has been studied previously, and shown to be optimal in a certain sense. Here, we consider the case where the preventive maintenance epoch is randomized, which is more realistic for many systems. The system availability is the long run proportion of time that the system is operational (i.e., not undergoing repair or preventive maintenance). The optimal rate of preventive maintenance to maximize availability is considered, along with sufficient conditions for such an optimum to exist. The results obtained herein are useful to systems engineers in making critical design decisions.
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Hongyu, Wang. "Optimal availability design of maintainable systems." Microelectronics Reliability 29, no. 3 (January 1989): 439–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0026-2714(89)90633-1.

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Verma, R. K., and A. K. sawhney. "Optimal availability of on-surface transit systems." Optimization 18, no. 6 (January 1987): 907–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02331938708843306.

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Amir, Yair, and Avishai Wool. "Optimal availability quorum systems: Theory and practice." Information Processing Letters 65, no. 5 (March 1998): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-0190(98)00017-9.

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Gharbi, Anis, and Mohamed Haouari. "Optimal parallel machines scheduling with availability constraints." Discrete Applied Mathematics 148, no. 1 (April 2005): 63–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dam.2004.12.003.

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Sharma, U., and K. B. Misra. "Optimal availability design of a maintained system." Reliability Engineering & System Safety 20, no. 2 (January 1988): 147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0951-8320(88)90094-4.

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Tsai, Chia-Tai, Rong-Hong Jan, and Kuochen Wang. "Optimal redundancy allocation for high availability routers." International Journal of Communication Systems 23, no. 12 (November 29, 2010): 1581–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dac.1127.

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Muromtsev, N. "PLANT MOISTURE AVAILABILITY ASSESSMENT." Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin, no. 67 (June 30, 2011): 20–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.19047/0136-1694-2011-67-20-31.

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The regularities of moisture behavior in the system of surface air - vegetation cover - soil with the use of moisture potential are established. It is shown that the moisture potential in soil, leaves of plants, changes in the moisture potential in the soil-plant system, and relative transpiration is related to functional dependencies. It is well established that each group plants (hygrophytes, mesophytesand xerophytes) is characterized a certain narrow range of soil moisture potential, in which the relative transpiration values do not fall below the optimal level (1.0-0.9). This interval is virtually independent of soil properties and meteorological conditions и can be used as the optimal criterion for plant moisture supply.
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Franke, U. "Optimal IT Service Availability: Shorter Outages, or Fewer?" IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management 9, no. 1 (March 2012): 22–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2011.110811.110122.

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Mijailović, Vladica. "Optimal spares availability strategy for power transformer components." Electric Power Systems Research 80, no. 8 (August 2010): 987–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2010.01.002.

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Дисертації з теми "OPTIMAL AVAILABILITY"

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Oteyaka, Hasan Candan. "Optimal cost and availability replacement models for multi-component systems." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25613/25613.pdf.

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Placzek, Tina Simone. "Optimal shelf availability : Analyse und Gestaltung integrativer Logistikkonzepte in Konsumgüter-Supply chains /." Wiesbaden : Dt. Univ.-Verl, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015918906&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Wibowo, Rulianda Purnomo. "Optimal irrigation strategy with limited water availability accounting for the risk from weather uncertainty." Diss., Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/34148.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Agricultural Economics
Nathan P. Hendricks
Risk averse farmers face a substantial challenge managing irrigation water when they face limited water availability. The two primary reasons for limited water availability in the High Plains Aquifer region of the United States are limited well capacity (i.e., the rate at which groundwater can be extracted) or a constraint imposed by a policy. In this dissertation, I study how risk averse farmers optimally manage limited water availability in the face of weather uncertainty and also the impact of limited water availability on farmer welfare. I use AquaCrop, a daily biophysical crop simulation model, to predict corn yield under alternative irrigation scenarios with historical weather. Since no simple functional form exists for the crop production function, I use discrete optimization and consider 234,256 potential irrigation strategies. I also account for risk preferences by using expected utility analysis to determine the optimal irrigation strategy. Using a daily biophysical model is important because water stress in a short period of the growing season can impact crop yield (even if average water availability throughout the growing season is sufficient) and well capacity is a constraint on daily water use. The daily biophysical crop simulation model accounts for the dynamic response of crop production to water availability. First, I examine how optimal irrigation strategies change due to limited water availability. I find that it is never optimal for irrigators to apply less than a particular minimum instantaneous rate per irrigated acre. An optimal required instantaneous rate implies that a farmer with a low well capacity focuses on adjustment at the extensive margin. On the other hand, farmers who initially have a high well capacity should adjust at the intensive margin in response to well capacity declining. I also find that total water use increases as the degree of risk aversion increases. More risk averse farmers increase water use by increasing irrigation intensity to reduce the variance in corn yields. Another important finding is that a higher well capacity could actually promote less water use because the higher well capacity allows a greater instantaneous rate of application that allows the farmer to decrease irrigation intensity while still maintaining or increasing corn yield. This finding may imply an accelerated rate of groundwater extraction when the groundwater depletion reaches a particular threshold. Second, I analyze the welfare loss due to limited water availability. The relationship between welfare loss and well capacity due to a policy constraint differs by soil type. I found the welfare loss from a water constraint policy does not always increase as well capacity increases. Farmers with very high well capacity may make small or no adjustment at the extensive margin due to a higher instantaneous rate and higher soil water holding capacity. However, that is not the case for a farmer with land that has lower soil water holding capacity as the increase in well capacity results in greater welfare loss. I also investigate the effect of risk averse behavior on the magnitude of welfare loss. I found that the welfare loss per unit of reduced water use is lower for the farmer with more risk aversion. Thus, economic models that ignore risk aversion misestimate the cost of reducing water use. Finally, I investigate the incentive for adopting drip irrigation and its effect on water use. I find that a decrease in well capacity increases the benefits of adopting drip irrigation but is not sufficient to overcome the high initial investment cost without government support. While subsidies of the magnitude offered by current U.S. programs are sufficient to induce drip irrigation adoption, I find that such subsidies have the unintended consequence of increasing total water use, particularly for small well capacities.
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Savatovic, Anita, and Mejra Cakic. "Estimating Optimal Checkpoint Intervals Using GPSS Simulation." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Mathematics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8558.

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In this project we illustrate how queueing simulation may be used to find the optimal interval for checkpointing problems and compare results with theoretical computations for simple systems that may be treated analytically.

We consider a relatively simple model for an internet banking facility. From time to time, the application server breaks down. The information at the time of the breakdown has to be passed onto the back up server before service may be resumed. To make the change over as efficient as possible, information of the state of user’s accounts is saved at regular intervals. This is known as checkpointing.

Firstly, we use GPSS (a queueing simulation tool) to find, by simulation, an optimal checkpointing interval, which maximises the efficiency of the server. Two measures of efficiency are considered; the availability of the server and the average time a customer spends in the system. Secondly, we investigate how far the queueing theory can go to providing an analytic solution to the problem and see whether or not this is in line with the results obtained through simulation.

The analysis shows that checkpointing is not necessary if breakdowns occur frequently and log reading after failure does not take much time. Otherwise, checkpointing is necessary and the analysis shows how GPSS may be used to obtain the optimal checkpointing interval. Relatively complicated systems may be simulated, where there are no analytic tools available. In simple cases, where theoretical methods may be used, the results from our simulations correspond with the theoretical calculations.

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Ellison, Brooke. "Development of nutrition resources in a smartphone application to promote optimal energy availability in collegiate endurance runners." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10108184.

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The purpose of this directed project is to develop nutrition resources aimed at optimizing energy status in male and female elite collegiate endurance runners. Specifically, this project includes personalized meal plans and a post-workout meal suggestion matrix that will be featured within a goal-based smartphone app called “Run Fueled.” A Formative Evaluation Survey was conducted. An expert panel of three Registered Dietitians completed the survey, and their opinions were determined using a 5-point Likert scale. Overall, the expert panel tended to agree with the specific evaluation items, indicating that the nutrition resources were appropriate and useful for the intended audience. In the future, a research project or qualitative assessment may be conducted on the endurance runners using “Run Fueled” to determine the effectiveness of the nutrition resources.

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Bright, John Charles. "Optimal control of irrigation systems : an analysis of water allocation rules." Lincoln College, University of Canterbury, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/2089.

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A feasibility study of an irrigation development proposal should include an analysis of the effects of water supply conditions on the degree to which development objectives are expected to be realised. A method of making this analysis was developed based on procedures for solving two problems. These were; (a) optimally allocating a property's available supply of water among competing crops, and, (b) optimally controlling an open channel distribution system to meet temporally and spatially varying water demand. The procedure developed for solving (a) was applied. A stochastic dynamic programming procedure was developed to optimally schedule the irrigation of a single crop, subject to constraints on the timing of water availability and total application depth. A second procedure was developed, employing a constrained differential dynamic programming algorithm, for determining optimal irrigation schedules for use with variable application depth systems, and when several crops compete for an intra-seasonally limited supply of water. This procedure was called, as frequently as water supply conditions allowed, to provide short-term irrigation schedules in a computer simulation of the optimal irrigation of several crops. An application system model was included in these procedures to transform a crop water-use production function into the required irrigation water-use production function. This transformation was a function of the application device type and the mean application depth. From an analysis of the on-property effects of water supply conditions, it was concluded that in order to achieve high economic and irrigation efficiencies, water supply conditions must be sufficiently flexible to allow the application system operator to vary the mean application depth but not necessarily the time periods of water availability. Additionally, irrigation scheduling procedures which seek economically optimum strategies offer the potential to achieve a maximum level of net benefit at levels of water availability significantly lower than has previously been used for design purposes.
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Satir, Benhur. "An Analysis Of Benefits Of Inventory And Service Pooling And Information Sharing In Spare Parts Management Systems." Phd thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12612073/index.pdf.

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Inventory management and production control problem of a dealer operating in a decentralized spare parts network is analyzed in this dissertation. Spare parts network is assumed to be formed of two dealers and the problem of a dealer is considered under the assumption that the other dealer has a known policy. These dealers collaborate through inventory and service pooling. Furthermore, the dealers collaborate through sharing information on the net inventory status. Upon demand arrival, a dealer may request a part from the other dealer, in which case a payment is made. Under this competitive and collaborative environment, the optimal operating policy of an individual dealer is characterized under full information. Through computational analysis, the conditions under which the dealer under consideration is most profitable are identified. Finally, by comparing dierent pooling strategies and several information availability levels, the benefit of information sharing is quantified.
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Zhou, Ling. "Availability analysis and optimization in optical transport networks /." Zürich : ETH, 2007. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=17191.

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Levander, Fredrik, and Per Sakari. "Design and Analysis of an All-optical Free-space Communication Link." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1198.

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Free Space Optics (FSO) has received a great deal of attention lately both in the military and civilian information society due to its potentially high capacity, rapid deployment, portability and high security from deception and jamming. The main issue is that severe weather can have a detrimental impact on the performance, which may result in an inadequate availability.

This report contains a feasibility study for an all-optical free-space link intended for short-range communication (200-500 m). Laboratory tests have been performed to evaluate the link design. Field tests were made to investigate availability and error performance under the influence of different weather conditions. Atmospheric impact due to turbulence related effects have been studied in detail. The most crucial part of the link design turned out to be the receiver optics and several design solutions were investigated. The main advantage of an all-optical design, compared to commercially available electrooptical FSO-systems, is the potentially lower cost.

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Sharma, Ameeth. "Performance comparison of two dynamic shared-path protection algorithms for WDM optical mesh networks." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01262009-141918/.

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Книги з теми "OPTIMAL AVAILABILITY"

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Placzek, Tina Simone. Optimal Shelf Availability: Analyse und Gestaltung integrativer Logistikkonzepte in Konsumgüter-Supply Chains. Wiesbaden: Deutscher Universitäts-Verlag, 2007.

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2

Gawlik, Keith. SkyFuel parabolic trough optical efficiency testing. Golden, Colo.]: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2010.

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3

Essen Symposium. (11th 1988 Essen University Library). The Impact of CD-ROM on library operations and universal availability of information: 11th International Essen Symposium, 26 September-29 September 1988 ; festschrift in honour of Dr. Maurice B. Line. Essen: Universitätsbibliothek Essen, 1989.

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Optimal Shelf Availability. Wiesbaden: DUV, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8350-9635-6.

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Siebert, Stefan, Sengupta Raj, and Alexander Tsoukas. Non-pharmacological treatment of axial spondyloarthritis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198755296.003.0014.

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While drugs play a key role in reducing disease activity, non-pharmacological therapies are crucial in maintaining function, flexibility, and quality of life. Therefore, non-pharmacological therapy remains a key component in the optimal management of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), even in the era of biologics. Regular physical therapy allows patients to capitalize on the benefits of drug therapy and maintain optimal functional ability. Self-management and education strategies, supported by patient-support groups, facilitate independence and quality of life in chronic diseases. A proportion of patients with severe disease may require hip or spinal surgery. It is hoped that the availability of more effective drug therapies to control disease activity in axSpA will reduce the requirement for surgery in future. The optimal management of axSpA requires a combination of non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments, for both initial and long-term management.
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Canfield, Donald Eugene. What Is It about Planet Earth? Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691145020.003.0001.

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This chapter begins by highlighting the three basic ingredients for life: energy, the chemical components that make up cells, and water. It then shows that the availability of each of these is linked by special properties of planet Earth. It concludes that Earth is a pretty terrific place for life. It sits comfortably within the habitable zone of the Sun. In addition, its active tectonics both control the temperature of the surface environment, providing a continuous supply of liquid water, and recycle the basic components required to fuel abundant life. The same tectonics may have also provided optimal conditions for the earliest biosphere.
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Bender, David A. 4. Over-nutrition: problems of overweight and obesity. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199681921.003.0004.

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‘Over-nutrition: problems of overweight and obesity’ shows that Western society’s attitude to obesity has changed, and obesity is now considered to be undesirable. A desirable body weight and body mass index (BMI) in the range of 20 to 25 kg/m2 is associated with optimal life expectancy. The health risks of obesity are wide-ranging—including a major cause of early death from cancer, coronary heart disease, and type II diabetes—and it is placing a considerable financial strain on health services. Obesity is the result of increased availability and consumption of food, coupled with decreased physical activity. The various ways in which overweight people can be helped to lose weight are considered.
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Iniewski, Krzysztof, Carl McCrosky, and Daniel Minoli. Network Infrastructure and Architecture: Designing High-Availability Networks. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2008.

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Iniewski, Krzysztof, Carl McCrosky, and Daniel Minoli. Network Infrastructure and Architecture: Designing High-Availability Networks. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2010.

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Dean, Rebecca M. Fauna and the emergence of intensive agricultural economies in the United States Southwest. Edited by Umberto Albarella, Mauro Rizzetto, Hannah Russ, Kim Vickers, and Sarah Viner-Daniels. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686476.013.36.

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The Hohokam of Arizona, USA, created one of the most intensive agricultural systems in North America. Their hunting economy intensified along with the agricultural system, but intensification (measured through the diversification of hunting strategies) was mitigated by a variety of processes, not all of which are easily understood by traditional methods of measuring intensification, such as diet breadth models. Hunting intensification was limited by constraints placed on hunters due to agricultural labour needs, and affected by changes in local landscapes for agricultural purposes. The hunting behaviour of the Hohokam cannot be understood solely in its own terms, as a product of optimal decision-making based on the availability of prey in the landscape at large. Rather, decisions were contextualized within the constraints of the social and labour organization of the agricultural system, and were contingent on the changes that had been made to that landscape as a result of agricultural demands.
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Частини книг з теми "OPTIMAL AVAILABILITY"

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Clarotti, C. A., and F. Spizzichino. "Bayes Optimal Burn-In-Times." In Reliability Data Collection and Use in Risk and Availability Assessment, 887–95. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83721-0_74.

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Choi, Eun Hye, Tatsuhiro Tsuchiya, and Tohru Kikuno. "Optimal k-Coteries That Maximize Availability in General Networks." In Information Networking: Wireless Communications Technologies and Network Applications, 596–608. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45801-8_57.

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Khalil, N., D. Eid, and M. Khair. "Availability and Reliability Issues in Distributed Databases Using Optimal Horizontal Fragmentation." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 771–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48309-8_72.

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Oh, Young-jun, Dong-keun Oh, and Kang-whan Lee. "A Study of Optimal Path Availability Clustering Algorithm in Ad Hoc Network." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 689–96. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6516-0_77.

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Hosseini, SeyedVahid, Ali Izadi, Afsaneh Sadat Boloorchi, Seyed Hossein Madani, Yong Chen, and Mahmoud Chizari. "Optimal Design of Environmental-Friendly Hybrid Power Generation System." In Springer Proceedings in Energy, 171–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63916-7_22.

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AbstractCombination of both renewable and fuel-based generation systems is an advantageous approach to develop off-grid distributed power plants. This approach requires evaluation of the techno-economic potential of each source in a selected site as well as optimization of load sharing strategy between them. Development of a remote hybrid power plant in an off-grid area is the interest of this study. Defining all available combinations, characteristics of performance, cost and availability of them evaluated. Applying constraints, multi-objective target domain based on load following and Levelized Cost of Electricity is established in which by utilizing Pareto front approach, optimized scenarios is achieved.
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Lipia, Tahmina F., Ming J. Zuo, and Jae-Hak Lim. "Optimal Replacement Decision Making Using Stochastic Filtering Process to Maximize Long Run Average Availability." In Engineering Asset Lifecycle Management, 458–63. London: Springer London, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-320-6_51.

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Yu, Sheng, Yinfeng Xu, Ming Liu, and Feifeng Zheng. "Optimal Policy for Single-Machine Scheduling with Deterioration Effects, Learning Effects, Setup Times, and Availability Constraints." In Combinatorial Optimization and Applications, 64–73. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22616-8_6.

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Majumder, Biswajit, Mrinmoy Majumder, Pankaj Roy, and Asis Mazumdar. "Water Availability Analysis and Estimation of Optimal Power Generation for a Fixed Head Multi-Reservoir Hydropower Plant." In Impact of Climate Change on Natural Resource Management, 359–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3581-3_20.

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Kumar, Ajay, and Devender Punia. "Performance Evaluation of Availability of Complex Repairable System and Selection of Optimal Performance Parameters Using Particle Swarm Optimization." In Lecture Notes on Multidisciplinary Industrial Engineering, 123–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73495-4_9.

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Mikac, Branko, and Robert Inkret. "Availability comparison of two all-optical network approaches." In Optical Network Design and Modelling, 133–46. New York, NY: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35361-6_11.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "OPTIMAL AVAILABILITY"

1

Semaan, Ghassan. "Designing Networks with the Optimal Availability." In 2008 Conference on Optical Fiber Communication - OFC 2008 Collocated National Fiber Optic Engineers. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ofc.2008.4528163.

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2

Xu, D., Y. Li, M. Chiang, and A. R. Calderbank. "Optimal Provisioning of Elastic Service Availability." In IEEE INFOCOM 2007 - 26th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/infcom.2007.177.

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Li, Ruiying, and Wei Xie. "Optimal availability improvement for digital switching systems." In 2015 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium (RAMS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rams.2015.7105074.

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Mitsev, Tsvetan, and Yordan Kovachev. "Availability of MFSO using optimal system parameters." In 2015 Conference on Microwave Techniques (COMITE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/comite.2015.7120320.

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Wang, Ludong, and Brian Jezek. "Terminal transmit adaptation for optimal link availability." In MILCOM 2009 - 2009 IEEE Military Communications Conference. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/milcom.2009.5379865.

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Yu, Haifeng, and Phillip B. Gibbons. "Optimal inter-object correlation when replicating for availability." In the twenty-sixth annual ACM symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1281100.1281137.

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Xie, Guowu, Weiqiang Sun, Yaohui Jin, Wei Guo, and Weisheng Hu. "Optimal multicast protection with differentiated leaf availability guarantee in optical mesh networks." In Asia-Pacific Optical Communications, edited by Yong Hyub Won, Gee-Kung Chang, Ken-ichi Sato, and Jian Wu. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.688270.

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Wiboonrat, Montri. "An Optimal Data Center Availability and Investment Trade-Offs." In 2008 Ninth ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/snpd.2008.121.

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Santos, Dorabella, Lucia Martins, Teresa Gomes, and Rita Girao-Silva. "Near Optimal Network Design for Path Pair Availability Guarantees." In 2022 12th International Workshop on Resilient Networks Design and Modeling (RNDM). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rndm55901.2022.9927721.

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IWAMOTO, K., T. MARUO, H. OKAMURA, and T. DOHI. "APERIODIC OPTIMAL CHECKPOINT SEQUENCE UNDER STEADY-STATE SYSTEM AVAILABILITY CRITERION." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop (AIWARM 2006). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812773760_0030.

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Звіти організацій з теми "OPTIMAL AVAILABILITY"

1

Ormstrup Vestergård, Louise, and Lars Johan Rustad. Food self-sufficiency in five Nordic island societies. Nordregio, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/pb2022:4.2001-3876.

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Анотація:
Increasing food self-sufficiency means rethinking global supply chains, (re-)adapting to local contexts, and ensuring optimal conditions for selling and buying locally produced food. Increased self-sufficiency and improved local food systems can have positive environmental, social, and economic consequences. However, whether increased self-sufficiency adds to more sustainable food systems depends on myriad factors, including production methods, the type of food in question, and the availability of local food on the local market. Previous research shows that local food production does not automatically equate to sustainable food production. This project sought to increase knowledge of how greater food self-sufficiency can contribute to increased sustainability and resilience in the food systems of five Nordic island societies: Bornholm, the Faroe Islands, Greenland, Iceland, and Åland.
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2

Prusky, Dov, and Jeffrey Rollins. Modulation of pathogenicity of postharvest pathogens by environmental pH. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7587237.bard.

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Until recently, environmental pH was not considered a factor in determining pathogen compatibility. Our hypothesis was that the environmental pH at the infection site, which is dynamically controlled by activities of both the host and the pathogen, regulates the expression of genes necessary for disease development in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. This form of regulation ensures that genes are expressed at optimal conditions for their encoded activities.Pectate lyase encoded by pelB, has been demonstrated to play a key role in virulence of C. gloeosporioides in avocado fruit. Polyglacturonase synergism with oxalic acid production is considered to be an essential pathogenicity determinant in the interactions of S. sclerotiorum with its numerous hosts. A common regulatory feature of these virulence and pathogenicity factors is their dependence upon environmental pH conditions within the host niche to create optimal conditions for expression and secretion. In this proposal we have examined, 1) the mechanisms employed by these fungi to establish a suitable pH environment, 2) the molecular levels at which genes and gene products are regulated in response to environmental pH, and 3) the molecular basis and functional importance of pH-responsive gene regulation during pathogenicity. The specific objectives of the proposal were: 1. Characterize the mechanism of local pH modulation and the effect of ambient pH on the expression and secretion of virulence factors. 2. Provide evidence that a conserved molecular pathway for pH-responsive gene expression exists in C. gloeosporioides by cloning a pacC gene homologue. 3. Determine the role of pacC in pathogenicity by gene disruption and activating mutations. Major conclusions 1. We determined the importance of nitrogen source and external pH in the secretion of the virulence factor pectate lyase with respect to the ambient pH transcriptional regulator pacC. It was concluded that nitrogen source availability and ambient pH are two independent signals for the transcriptional regulation of genes required for the disease process of C. gloeosporioides and possibly of other pathogens. 2. We also determined that availability of ammonia regulate independently the alkalinization process and pelB expression, pecate lyase secretion and virulence of C. gloeosporioides. 3. Gene disruption of pacC reduced virulence of C. gloeosporioides however did not reduced fully pelB expression. It was concluded that pelB expression is regulated by several factors including pH, nitrogen and carbon sources. 4. Gene disruption of pacC reduced virulence of S. slcerotiourum Creation of a dominant activating
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Hicks, Julie, Laurin Yates, and Jackie Pettway. Mat Sinking Unit supply study : Mississippi River revetment. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41867.

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The Mississippi Valley Division (MVD) has maintained the Mississippi River banks for over 80 years. The Mat Sinking Unit (MSU), built in 1946, was considered state-of-the-art at the time. This system is still in operation today and has placed over 1,000 miles of Articulated Concrete Mats along the Mississippi River from Head of Passes, LA, to Cairo, IL. A new MSU has been designed and is expected to be fully mission capable and operational by the 2023 season, which is expected to increase the productivity from 2,000 squares/day up to 8,000 squares/day with double shifts and optimal conditions. This MSU supply study identifies and optimizes the supply chain logistics for increased production rates from the mat fields to the MSU. The production rates investigated for this effort are 2,000 squares/day, 4,000 squares/day, and 6,000 squares/day. RiskyProject® software, which utilizes a Monte Carlo method to determine a range of durations, manpower, and supplies based on logical sequencing is used for this study. The study identifies several potential supply and demand issues with the increased daily production rates. Distance to casting fields, number of barges, and square availability are the major issues to supply increased placement rates identified by this study.
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Kucherova, Hanna, Anastasiia Didenko, Olena Kravets, Yuliia Honcharenko, and Aleksandr Uchitel. Scenario forecasting information transparency of subjects' under uncertainty and development of the knowledge economy. [б. в.], October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4469.

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Topicality of modeling information transparency is determined by the influence it has on the effectiveness of management decisions made by an economic entity in the context of uncertainty and information asymmetry. It has been found that information transparency is a poorly structured category which acts as a qualitative characteristic of information and at certain levels forms an additional spectrum of properties of the information that has been adequately perceived or processed. As a result of structuring knowledge about the factor environment, a fuzzy cognitive model of information transparency was constructed in the form of a weighted digraph. Structural analysis and scenario forecasting of optimal alternatives of the fuzzy cognitive model made it possible to evaluate the classes of factors, identify their limited relations, establish the centrality of the roles of information transparency and information and communication security in the system built and evaluate their importance when modeling the situation self-development. Information visibility, reliability and availability have been found to have the strongest impact on the system. Taking into account different initial weights of the key factors — information transparency and information and communication security — the study substantiates the strategic ways for economic entities to achieve their goals in the context of uncertainty and information asymmetry, which allows us to use this approach as a tool for strategic management in the information environment.
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Lieth, J. Heiner, Michael Raviv, and David W. Burger. Effects of root zone temperature, oxygen concentration, and moisture content on actual vs. potential growth of greenhouse crops. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7586547.bard.

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Soilless crop production in protected cultivation requires optimization of many environmental and plant variables. Variables of the root zone (rhizosphere) have always been difficult to characterize but have been studied extensively. In soilless production the opportunity exists to optimize these variables in relation to crop production. The project objectives were to model the relationship between biomass production and the rhizosphere variables: temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration and water availability by characterizing potential growth and how this translates to actual growth. As part of this we sought to improve of our understanding of root growth and rhizosphere processes by generating data on the effect of rhizosphere water status, temperature and dissolved oxygen on root growth, modeling potential and actual growth and by developing and calibrating models for various physical and chemical properties in soilless production systems. In particular we sought to use calorimetry to identify potential growth of the plants in relation to these rhizosphere variables. While we did experimental work on various crops, our main model system for the mathematical modeling work was greenhouse cut-flower rose production in soil-less cultivation. In support of this, our objective was the development of a Rose crop model. Specific to this project we sought to create submodels for the rhizosphere processes, integrate these into the rose crop simulation model which we had begun developing prior to the start of this project. We also sought to verify and validate any such models and where feasible create tools that growers could be used for production management. We made significant progress with regard to the use of microcalorimetry. At both locations (Israel and US) we demonstrated that specific growth rate for root and flower stem biomass production were sensitive to dissolved oxygen. Our work also identified that it is possible to identify optimal potential growth scenarios and that for greenhouse-grown rose the optimal root zone temperature for potential growth is around 17 C (substantially lower than is common in commercial greenhouses) while flower production growth potential was indifferent to a range as wide as 17-26C in the root zone. We had several set-backs that highlighted to us the fact that work needs to be done to identify when microcalorimetric research relates to instantaneous plant responses to the environment and when it relates to plant acclimation. One outcome of this research has been our determination that irrigation technology in soilless production systems needs to explicitly include optimization of oxygen in the root zone. Simply structuring the root zone to be “well aerated” is not the most optimal approach, but rather a minimum level. Our future work will focus on implementing direct control over dissolved oxygen in the root zone of soilless production systems.
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6

Varga, Gabriella A., Amichai Arieli, Lawrence D. Muller, Haim Tagari, Israel Bruckental, and Yair Aharoni. Effect of Rumen Available Protein, Amimo Acids and Carbohydrates on Microbial Protein Synthesis, Amino Acid Flow and Performance of High Yielding Cows. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568103.bard.

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The effect of rumen available protein amino acids and carbohydrates on microbial protein synthesis, amino acid flow and performance of high yielding dairy cows was studied. A significant relationship between the effective degradabilities of OM in feedstuffs and the in vivo ruminal OM degradation of diets of dairy cows was found. The in situ method enabled the prediction of ruminal nutrients degradability response to processing of energy and nitragenous supplements. The AA profile of the rumen undegradable protein was modified by the processing method. In a continuous culture study total N and postruminal AA flows, and bacterial efficiency, is maximal at rumen degradable levels of 65% of the CP. Responses to rumen degradable non carbohydrate (NSC) were linear up to at least 27% of DM. Higher CP flow in the abomasum was found for cows fed high ruminally degradable OM and low ruminally degradable CP diet. It appeared that in dairy cows diets, the ratio of rumen degradable OM to rumenally degradable CP should be at least 5:1 in order to maximize postruminal CP flow. The efficiency of microbial CP synthesis was higher for diets supplemented with 33% of rumen undegradable protein, with greater amounts of bacterial AA reaching the abomasum. Increase in ruminal carbohydrate availability by using high moisture corn increased proportions of propionate, postruminal nutrients flow, postruminal starch digestibility, ruminal availability of NSC, uptake of energy substrates by the mammory gland. These modifications resulted with improvement in the utilization of nonessential AA for milk protein synthesis, in higher milk protein yield. Higher postruminal NSC digestibility and higher efficiency of milk protein production were recorded in cows fed extruded corn. Increasing feeding frequency increased flow of N from the rumen to the blood, reduced diurnal variation in ruminal and ammonia, and of plasma urea and improved postruminal NSC and CIP digestibility and total tract digestibilities. Milk and constituent yield increased with more frequent feeding. In a study performed in a commercial dairy herd, changes in energy and nitrogenous substrates level suggested that increasing feeding frequency may improve dietary nitrogen utilization and may shift metabolism toward more glucogenesis. It was concluded that efficiency of milk protein yield in high producing cows might be improved by an optimization of ruminal and post-ruminal supplies of energy and nitrogenous substrates. Such an optimization can be achieved by processing of energy and nitrogenous feedstuffs, and by increasing feeding frequency. In situ data may provide means for elucidation of the optimal processing conditions.
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Asvapathanagul, Pitiporn, Leanne Deocampo, and Nicholas Banuelos. Biological Hydrogen Gas Production from Food Waste as a Sustainable Fuel for Future Transportation. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2141.

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Анотація:
In the global search for the right alternative energy sources for a more sustainable future, hydrogen production has stood out as a strong contender. Hydrogen gas (H2) is well-known as one of the cleanest and most sustainable energy sources, one that mainly yields only water vapor as a byproduct. Additionally, H2 generates triple the amount of energy compared to hydrocarbon fuels. H2 can be synthesized from several technologies, but currently only 1% of H2 production is generated from biomass. Biological H2 production generated from anaerobic digestion is a fraction of the 1%. This study aims to enhance biological H2 production from anaerobic digesters by increasing H2 forming microbial abundance using batch experiments. Carbon substrate availability and conversion in the anaerobic processes were achieved by chemical oxygen demand and volatile fatty acids analysis. The capability of the matrix to neutralize acids in the reactors was assessed using alkalinity assay, and ammonium toxicity was monitored by ammonium measurements. H2 content was also investigated throughout the study. The study's results demonstrate two critical outcomes, (i) food waste as substrate yielded the highest H2 gas fraction in biogas compared to other substrates fed (primary sludge, waste activated sludge and mixed sludge with or without food waste), and (ii) under normal operating condition of anaerobic digesters, increasing hydrogen forming bacterial populations, including Clostridium spp., Lactococcus spp. and Lactobacillus spp. did not prolong biological H2 recovery due to H2 being taken up by other bacteria for methane (CH4) formation. Our experiment was operated under the most optimal condition for CH4 formation as suggested by wastewater operational manuals. Therefore, CH4-forming bacteria possessed more advantages than other microbial populations, including H2-forming groups, and rapidly utilized H2 prior to methane synthesis. This study demonstrates H2 energy renewed from food waste anaerobic digestion systems delivers opportunities to maximize California’s cap-and-trade program through zero carbon fuel production and utilization.
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Asvapathanagul, Pitiporn, Leanne Deocampo, and Nicholas Banuelos. Biological Hydrogen Gas Production from Food Waste as a Sustainable Fuel for Future Transportation. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2141.

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Анотація:
In the global search for the right alternative energy sources for a more sustainable future, hydrogen production has stood out as a strong contender. Hydrogen gas (H2) is well-known as one of the cleanest and most sustainable energy sources, one that mainly yields only water vapor as a byproduct. Additionally, H2 generates triple the amount of energy compared to hydrocarbon fuels. H2 can be synthesized from several technologies, but currently only 1% of H2 production is generated from biomass. Biological H2 production generated from anaerobic digestion is a fraction of the 1%. This study aims to enhance biological H2 production from anaerobic digesters by increasing H2 forming microbial abundance using batch experiments. Carbon substrate availability and conversion in the anaerobic processes were achieved by chemical oxygen demand and volatile fatty acids analysis. The capability of the matrix to neutralize acids in the reactors was assessed using alkalinity assay, and ammonium toxicity was monitored by ammonium measurements. H2 content was also investigated throughout the study. The study's results demonstrate two critical outcomes, (i) food waste as substrate yielded the highest H2 gas fraction in biogas compared to other substrates fed (primary sludge, waste activated sludge and mixed sludge with or without food waste), and (ii) under normal operating condition of anaerobic digesters, increasing hydrogen forming bacterial populations, including Clostridium spp., Lactococcus spp. and Lactobacillus spp. did not prolong biological H2 recovery due to H2 being taken up by other bacteria for methane (CH4) formation. Our experiment was operated under the most optimal condition for CH4 formation as suggested by wastewater operational manuals. Therefore, CH4-forming bacteria possessed more advantages than other microbial populations, including H2-forming groups, and rapidly utilized H2 prior to methane synthesis. This study demonstrates H2 energy renewed from food waste anaerobic digestion systems delivers opportunities to maximize California’s cap-and-trade program through zero carbon fuel production and utilization.
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9

Nestleroth and Alers. L51946 Enhanced Implementation of MFL Using EMAT Sensors to Detect External Coating Disbondment. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), December 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010676.

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Анотація:
External coatings are used routinely to protect transmission pipelines from conditions that promote corrosion. However, over time coatings may disbond, allowing corrosion to occur. To detect metal loss due to corrosion defects, transmission pipeline operators often use magnetic flux leakage (MFL) in-line inspection tools. These tools do not detect the cause of an actual problem, i.e., failure of a coating and the presence of a corrosive environment; rather, they detect only the result, i.e., a defect that may permanently alter the pressure capacity of the pipeline. Metal loss is the most common defect that occurs at a disbond; however, it is not the only defect that can occur. Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) almost always occurs at disbonds. Information about disbonded and missing coatings, soil models, cathodic protection assessment, and related data could be used to assess a pipeline for the potential of cracking. Direct inspection of the coating could indicate potential problems that could lead to pipeline degradation that affects serviceability. SCC can be detected using in-line inspection technology, but such tools have a limited availability and limited success in natural gas pipelines, and the cost of inspection is high compared to MFL inspection. A novel method for the in-line evaluation of a protective coating on a pipeline was shown to be feasible. The method involves the merging of two technologies, magnetic flux leakage (MFL) and electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs). The results of the testing performed at the Pipeline Simulation Facility showed three technical accomplishments. First, EMATs could be designed to work with the magnetic fields produced by an MFL tool, although fields 2 to 3 times greater are usually optimal for EMAT sensors. Second, the EMAT transmitter and receiver could be mounted on an MFL inspection tool without interfering with the corrosion detection sensors. Finally, the EMAT sensors as implemented on the MFL pig could detect missing coating and disbonds on wrapped tar coating. While technical issues remain that would broaden the applicability, the immediate implementation of this technology for specific coating problems is possible.
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10

Nestleroth. L52298 Augmenting MFL Tools With Sensors that Assess Coating Condition. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), March 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010396.

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Анотація:
External coatings are routinely used to protect transmission pipelines from corrosion; however, coatings may degrade or disbond over time enabling corrosion to occur. Transmission pipeline operators often use magnetic flux leakage (MFL) in-line inspection tools to detect metal loss corrosion defects. Rather than finding the cause of a problem, failure of the coating within a corrosive environment, MFL corrosion surveys only find the result of the problem, corrosion defects that may permanently alter the pressure carrying capacity of the pipeline. Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) can be detected using in-line inspection (ILI) technology, but the availability of tools is limited and the cost of inspection is high compared to MFL inspection. SCC almost always occurs at coating faults; direct coating assessment could indicate future problems that could degrade the serviceability of the pipeline. In this project, a new sensor was developed to assess external coating that could work with currently available ILI tools for minimal additional cost to perform the inspection. The sensors, electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs), generate ultrasonic waves that are guided by the pipe material around the circumference of the pipe. The coating material and adherence can influence the propagation of the ultrasonic waves; changes in ultrasonic signal features were attributed to coating faults. This development used modeling and experiments to establish a more optimal configuration for coating assessment. A multiple feature approach was used. A commonly used feature, signal amplitude, provided good sensitivity to coating condition but was influenced by inspection variables. One unique feature identified in this development is arrival time of the ultrasonic wave. For the wave type and frequency selected, the wave velocity was different for bare and coated pipe. Therefore, disbonded or missing coating can be detected by monitoring arrival time of the ultrasonic wave, a feature that is amplitude independent. Another feature for assessing coating, absorption of selective frequencies, was also demonstrated. Coating assessment capability was experimentally demonstrated using a prototype EMAT ILI tool. All three detection features were shown to perform well in an ILI environment as demonstrated at Battelle"s Pipeline Simulation Facility and BJ Inspection Services pull rigs. Improvement to the prototype occurred between each test; the most significant improvement was the design and construction of a novel set of thick-trace transmitting and receiving Printed Circuit Board (PCB) EMAT coils. Implementation variables such as moisture and soil loading were shown to have a minimal influence on results.
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