Готові списки джерел за темами / Optical Interference Coating

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Optical Interference Coating"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 25 січня 2025

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Статті в журналах з теми "Optical Interference Coating"

1

Journal, Baghdad Science. "Java Applet Technology for Design Interference Optical Coating." Baghdad Science Journal 8, no. 2 (June 12, 2011): 495–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.8.2.495-502.

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Анотація:
Java is a high-level , third generation programming language were introduced Javaoptics Open Source Physics (OSP) as a new simulation for design one of the most important interference optical coating called antireflection coating. It is recent developments in deign thin-film coatings. (OSP) shows multiple beam interferences from a parallel dielectric thin film and the evolution of reflection factors. It is simple to use and efficiently also can serve educational purposes. The obtained results have been compared with needle method
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2

AL-gaffar, Alaa Nazar Abd. "Java Applet Technology for Design Interference Optical Coating." Baghdad Science Journal 8, no. 2 (June 12, 2011): 495–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2011.8.2.495-502.

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Анотація:
Java is a high-level , third generation programming language were introduced Javaoptics Open Source Physics (OSP) as a new simulation for design one of the most important interference optical coating called antireflection coating. It is recent developments in deign thin-film coatings. (OSP) shows multiple beam interferences from a parallel dielectric thin film and the evolution of reflection factors. It is simple to use and efficiently also can serve educational purposes. The obtained results have been compared with needle method
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3

Sotsky, A. B., and E. A. Chudakov. "Reciprocity relations for interference coatings." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Physics and Mathematics Series 59, no. 2 (July 6, 2023): 158–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-2430-2023-59-2-158-167.

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Анотація:
By analyzing the wave equations, the coincidence of the energy reflection and transmission coefficients for the s- and p-polarization waves is herein substantiated when they are incident on the interference coating from opposite directions. The coating can be characterized by an arbitrary spatial profile of the refractive index, the limiting condition is the absence of optical losses in it. Reciprocity relations are obtained for the energy reflection and transmission coefficients of natural light for a structure in the form of a plane-parallel dielectric plate with interference coatings on its opposite sides. It is shown that when a structure with an absorbing plate is illuminated in opposite directions, the energy reflection coefficients can differ, while the energy transmission coefficients always coincide. Reciprocity relations are applied to the calculation of broadband antireflective interference coatings consisting of alternate layers Nb2O5 and SiO2 deposited on a polycarbonate plate. As a result, their correctness is confirmed and it is shown that the optimized antireflection two-sided interference coating provides approximately a five times lower averaged energy reflection coefficient compared to the optimized one-sided coating.
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4

Yudin, Nikolay, Mikhail Zinovev, Vladimir Kuznetsov, Maxim Kulesh, Sergey Podzyvalov, Elena Slyunko, Hussein Baalbaki, Alexey Lysenko, Andrey Kalsin, and Akmal Gabdrakhmanov. "Development of a dichroic mirror based on Nb2O5/SiO2 for LiDAR systems." BIO Web of Conferences 145 (2024): 04045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202414504045.

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Анотація:
This work focuses on designing a dichroic mirror for a LiDAR system. An approach for selecting materials for interference optical coatings was established. Based on this approach, Nb2O5 and SiO2were chosen as coating materials. An interference coating design composed of alternating Nb2O5 and SiO2 layers on a quartz glass substrate was modeled for the LiDAR system. A dichroic mirror was fabricated according to the calculated design. The interference coating consisted of 26 layers with a maximum thickness of 600 nm, resulting in a total coating thickness of 10140 nm. The fabricated dichroic mirror exhibits reflection coefficients of R ≤ 99.6% and R ≤ 0.4% for the spectral ranges of 1950-2100 nm and 2200-2300 nm, respectively.
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5

Bärtschi, Manuel, Daniel Schachtler, Silvia Schwyn-Thöny, Thomas Südmeyer, and Roelene Botha. "Investigation of the influence of plasma source power on the properties of magnetron sputtered Ta2O5 thin films." EPJ Web of Conferences 255 (2021): 03005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202125503005.

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Анотація:
To enable the production of sophisticated optical interference coating designs, coatings with very low absorption and stray light losses and excellent layer thickness deposition accuracy are required. The selection and optimization of suitable coating materials and deposition processes are consequently essential. This study investigated the influence of the plasma source power on the optical properties, layer uniformity and stress, scattered light behavior and optical losses of magnetron sputtered Ta2O5 thin films.
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6

Wei, David T. "Ion beam interference coating for ultralow optical loss." Applied Optics 28, no. 14 (July 15, 1989): 2813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.28.002813.

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7

Lee, Cheng-Chung, Kai Wu, and Meng-Yen Ho. "Reflection coefficient monitoring for optical interference coating depositions." Optics Letters 38, no. 8 (April 12, 2013): 1325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.38.001325.

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8

YUDIN, N. N., M. M. ZINOVIEV, S. N. PODZYVALOV, V. S. KUZNETSOV, E. S. SLYUNKO, A. SH GABDRAKHMANOV, A. B. LYSENKO, and A. YU KALSIN. "MID-IR ANTIREFLECTIVE INTERFERENCE OXIDE COATINGS FOR SEMICONDUCTOR OPTICAL SUBSTRATES." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Fizika 67, no. 5 (2024): 15–19. https://doi.org/10.17223/00213411/67/5/2.

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Анотація:
The dispersions of the refractive index and absorption coefficient were determined for monolayers of titanium oxide and silicon oxide. The design of a multilayer antireflective optical coating for these materials in the spectral range of 0.4-8 microns has been developed. Modes for applying coating using ion-beam sputtering onto a semiconductor substrate have been selected. The optical characteristics of a four-layer interference antireflective coating on a ZGP substrate were measured in the ranges of 2097 nm and 3.5-5 μm with residual reflections of R ≤ 0.2% and R ≤ 2.1%, respectively. Tests were carried out for adhesion and abrasion of the coating in accordance with GOST.
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9

Yudin, N. N., O. L. Antipov, A. I. Gribenyukov, V. V. Dyomin, M. M. Zinoviev, S. N. Podzivalov, E. S. Slyunko, et al. "Influence of line-by-line processing technology on the optical breakthreshold of a ZnGeP2 single crystal." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Fizika, no. 11 (2021): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/00213411/64/11/102.

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Анотація:
The threshold of optical breakdown of a ZnGeP2 single crystal manufactured by LOK LLC, Russia, was determined, which was W0d =1.8 J / cm2, and the threshold of optical breakdown of a crystal manufactured by Harbin Institute of Technology, China, was also measured, which was W0d =2.1 J/cm2 (at a wavelength of 2,097 microns of laser radiation and a pulse repetition frequency of 10 kHz with a pulse duration of 35 ns).The effect of post-processing of ZnGeP2 single crystals (polishing of working surfaces )is investigated, application of antireflection interference coatings) to the threshold of optical breakdown of the surface of these crystals. It is established that the presence of silicon conglomerates in the interference antireflection coating leads to a decrease in the optical breakdown threshold.
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10

Tay, Justin C.-K., Basil T. Wong, and Kok Hing Chong. "The impact of anti-reflective coating and optical bandpass interference filter on solar cell electrical-thermal performance." Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences 15, no. 1 (March 9, 2021): 7807–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/jmes.15.1.2021.16.0616.

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Анотація:
Solar cells utilize only the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum to generate electricity. A great reduction in the temperature of a solar cell resulting from filtering infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths will eventually lead to an increase in efficiency. Here, a detailed analysis of the use of an optical bandpass interference filter with antireflective coating as a potential solution to this problem has been carried out. The optical bandpass filter aims to filter out unwanted wavelengths while the antireflective coating functions to reduce the amount of light reflected from the solar panel surface. A simulation program using SolidWorks (Flow Simulation Study) has been performed to demonstrate the effect of utilizing optical bandpass interference filter with antireflective coating on solar panel and the temperature of each cell layer. The thermal analysis results obtained from SolidWorks were then exported to MATLAB/Simulink to investigate the electrical output parameters. Results showed that optical bandpass interference filter combined with antireflective coating could reduce the temperature of the solar cell by 11.83 Kelvin which led to 14.32% increase in the maximum output power within an hour of exposure to peak solar radiation located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Дисертації з теми "Optical Interference Coating"

1

Womack, Gerald. "Anti-reflection coatings and optical interference in photovoltaics." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2017. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/25529.

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Анотація:
Light reflection from the glass surface of a photovoltaic (PV) module is a significant source of energy loss for all types of PV devices. The reflection at the glass and air interface accounts for ~4% of the total energy. Single layer anti-reflection coatings with sufficiently low refractive index have been used, such as those using magnesium fluoride or porous silica, but these are only effective over a narrow range of wavelengths. Multilayer-antireflection coatings reduce the weighted average reflection over the wavelength range used by solar technologies more effectively by utilising interference effects. Multilayer stacks consisting of silica and zirconia layers deposited using reactive magnetron sputtering and single layer porous silica coatings were compared in terms of effectiveness and durability. Details of the stack design, sputter deposition process parameters, and the optical and micro-structural properties of the layers of the multilayer coating are provided and similar properties where applicable for the single layer coatings. Anti-reflection coatings on glass exposed to the outdoors must not degrade over the lifetime of the module. A comprehensive set of accelerated environmental durability tests has been carried out in accordance with IEC 61646 PV qualification tests. The durability tests confirmed no damage to the coatings or performance drop as a result of thermal cycling or damp heat. All attempts to perform pull tests on either coating resulted in either adhesive or substrate failure, with no damage to the coating itself. Scratch resistance, abrasion resistance, and adhesion tests have also been conducted. The optical performance of the coatings was monitored during these tests and the coatings were visually inspected for any sign of mechanical failure. These tests provide confidence that broadband anti-reflection coatings are highly durable and will maintain their performance over the lifetime of the solar module. Additionally heat treatment experiments demonstrated both coatings can withstand up to 600°C temperatures and can thereby withstand CdTe manufacturing processes allowing for pre-coated glass. Additionally experiments demonstrated that multi-layer coatings are resistant to acid attack. Thin film photovoltaic devices are multilayer opto-electrical structures in which light interference occurs. Light reflection at the interfaces and absorption within the window layers reduces transmission and, ultimately, the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic devices. Optical reflection losses can be reduced by adjusting the layer thicknesses to achieve destructive interference within the structure of the cell. The light transmission to the CdTe absorber of a CdS/CdTe cell on a fluorine doped tin oxide transparent conductor has been modelled using the transfer matrix method. The interference effect in the CdS layer and high resistance transparent buffer layers (SnO2 and ZnO) has been investigated. The modelling shows that due to relatively high absorption within the SnO2 layer, there are modest benefits to engineering anti-reflection interference in the stack. However, a ZnO buffer layer has limited absorption and interference can be exploited to provide useful anti-reflection effects. Additionally the light transmission to the perovskite absorber of a thin film solar cell using fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) transparent conductor has been modelled. Alternative transparent conductor materials have also been investigated including aluminium doped zinc oxide (AZO) and indium tin oxide (ITO) and shown to be beneficial to transmission.
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2

Barutcu, Burcu. "The Design And Production Of Interference Edge Filters With Plasma Ion Assisted Deposition Technique For A Space Camera." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614574/index.pdf.

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Анотація:
Interference filters are multilayer thin film devices. They use interference effects between the incident and reflected radiation waves at each layer interface to select wavelengths. The production of interference filters depend on the precise deposition of thin material layers on substrates which have suitable optical properties. In this thesis, the main target is to design and produce two optical filters (short-pass filter and long-pass filter) for the CCDs that will be used in the electronics of a space camera. By means of these filters, it is possible to take image in different bands (RGB and NIR) by identical two CCDs. The filters will be fabricated by plasma ion-assisted deposition technique.
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3

Ravinet, Nolann. "Développement de revêtements interférentiels pour des imageurs X à haute résolution." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASP127.

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Анотація:
La FCI (fusion par confinement inertiel) est une voie privilégiée pour accéder expérimentalement aux conditions extrêmes de la matière, via l'implosion d'une cible par laser. Pour caractériser la symétrie d'implosion, un microscope de résolution micrométrique, opérant dans le domaine des rayons X durs, est développé par le CEA (Commissariat à l'énergie atomique). TXI (Toroidal X-ray Imager) qui sera installé au NIF (National Ignition Facility) est un diagnostic X de type Wolter, où les miroirs coniques sont remplacés par des miroirs toriques. Il est également un diagnostic multicanal, fonctionnant à un angle de rasance nominal de 0.6°, et permettant d'imager des énergies de 8.7 keV, 13 keV et 17.5 keV. Les épaisseurs requises de revêtements multicouches doivent être de plus en plus fines pour imager ces énergies. Différentes formules de multicouches (alternances de deux matériaux dont la période totale permet de réfléchir une certaine longueur d'onde, conformément à la loi de Bragg) ont été optimisés, afin de satisfaire le cahier des charges de TXI. La réponse optique de l'instrument a été simulée à l'aide d'un logiciel de tracé de rayon. Les revêtements ont ensuite été réalisés par pulvérisation cathodique. Pour la suite de la thèse, une pré-étude sur la conception d'un imageur fonctionnant jusqu'à 60 keV a été menée, ainsi qu'une pré-étude sur la technologie HiPIMS (High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering) pour en étudier les bénéfices sur la qualité des films minces
Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) is a preferred experimental approach to access extreme matter conditions, through the implosion of a laser-driven target. To characterize the implosion symmetry, a micrometer-resolution microscope, operating in the hard X-ray range, is being developed by the CEA (Commissariat à l'énergie atomique). TXI (Toroidal X-ray Imager), which will be installed at the NIF (National Ignition Facility), is a Wolter-type X-ray diagnostic where conical mirrors are replaced by toroidal mirrors. It is also a multi-channel diagnostic, operating at a nominal grazing angle of 0.6°, allowing imaging at 8.7 keV, 13 keV, and 17.5 keV. The required thicknesses of the multilayer coatings must become increasingly thin to image these energies. Different multilayer formulas (alternating two materials whose total period allows reflection of a certain wavelength, according to Bragg's law) have been optimized to meet TXI's specifications. The instrument's optical response was simulated using ray-tracing software. The coatings were then produced by sputtering deposition. For the next phase of the thesis, a preliminary study was conducted on designing an imager capable of operating up to 60 keV, as well as a pre-study on HiPIMS (High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering) technology to assess its benefits for thin-film quality
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4

Bhattarai, Khagendra Prasad. "Interference of Light in Multilayer Metasurfaces: Perfect Absorber and Antireflection Coating." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6680.

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Анотація:
We have studied several metamaterials structures with multiple layers by explaining them theoretically and verifying experimentally. The engineered structures we have designed work either as a perfect absorber or antireflection coating. The multilayer model as we call it Three Layer Model (TLM) has been developed, which gives the total reflection and transmission as a function of reflection and transmission of individual layers. By manipulating the amplitude and phase of the reflection and the transmission of the individual layers, we can get the required functionality of the optoelectronic devices. To get zero reflection in the both perfect absorber and the antireflection coating, the amplitude and phase conditions should be satisfied simultaneously. We have employed the numerical simulation of the structures to verify those conditions for all of the work presented here. As the theoretical retrieval method to extract the effective permittivity and effective permeability of the metamaterial contains air on the both side of the structure, we have dielectric at least on one side practically, that gives a little bit deviated result. We have modified the retrieval method to better fit with the multilayer structure by introducing air on the both side of the resonator using transfer matrix method and use it throughout all the works. We have explained the perfect absorption of the EM wave through Fabry-Perot cavity bounded by the resonator mirror and the metallic film. The metallic film acts as the close boundary whereas the resonator acts as the quasi-open boundary with very high effective permittivity, which leads to the characteristic feature of subwavelength thickness. We have shown numerically that the ultra-thin thickness makes the perfect absorber angular independent. We have also explained the phenomenon of perfect absorption through Impedance Matched Theory and Transmission Line Theory, and showed their matching with TLM. We have also developed the Meta Film Model by considering the resonator as a homogeneous thin film characterized by the effective permittivity and permeability giving rise to the same behavior as the original multilayer structure. We have shown that the resonance of the metamaterial resonator is very far from the resonance of the absorber, it behaves as the medium of high refractive index and very low loss. We have also shown that the density of states of the absorber is increased as compared to the resonator itself. We have investigated that the resonance peaks of the absorber arise from the combination of Fabry- Perot cavity modes and surface plasmon resonance modes. All the modes with increased spacer thickness are assigned with specific names describing the mode profiles. We have shown the application of perfect absorber as a refractive index sensor. It is used as a plasmonic sensor to detect the refractive index change of the chemical and biological samples. To increase the sensitivity, we have etched the dielectric spacer below the resonator, where electric field is localized and enhanced. We have found that the sensitivity (wavelength shift per refractive index change) and the Figure of Merit (FOM*) as an indicator of performance of the device both are enhanced significantly. We have employed metamaterial (MM) anti-reflection (AR) coating to avoid the shortcomings of the conventional thin film coating in three different cases of the structures. At first, we have deployed metamaterial Metal Disk Array (MDA) on the top of conventional coating material (BCB) with homogeneous substrate to enhance the transmission of EM wave. Then conventional AR coating is employed to the dispersive media (metal Hole Array) to enhance the transmission. We have shown that Impedance matched condition has been satisfied not only for homogeneous media, but for dispersive media also. At the end, we have employed the MM AR coating to the MM dispersive media (MHA). The two MM layers may interact with each other and may degrade the SPP wave of the MHA, which is essential to enhance the performance of the devices. To investigate the effect of interaction, we perform the simulation of the MDA, which shows that the resonance of the MDA is far from the antireflection resonance and hence the electric field of the SPP is significantly increased (~30%). With an improved retrieval method, the metasurface is proved to exhibit a high effective permittivity (εeff~30) and extremely low loss (tanδ~0.005). For all of the three AR structures, a classical thin film AR coating mechanism is identified through analytical derivations and numerical simulations. The properly designed εeff and μeff of the meta surface lead to the required phase and amplitude conditions for the AR coating, thereby paving the way for the improved performance of the optoelectronic devices. We have used MHA as a dispersive media to get extraordinary optical transmission (EOT). To understand the behavior of the SPP peaks, we have investigated the shifting and splitting of the spoof SPP resonance by varying the polar angle and azimuthal angle. The amplitude of extraordinary optical transmission also shows angle dependence and exhibits mirror-image or translational symmetries. Our measurements and simulations of the THz spoof SPP waves match very well with the theoretical predictions. The angle dependence results provide the important information for designing THz plasmonic devices in sensor and detector applications.
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5

Aydogdu, Selcuk. "Near Infrared Interference Filter Design And The Production Withion-assisted Deposition Techniques." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614092/index.pdf.

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Анотація:
Near infrared region (NIR) of the electromagnetic spectrum (EM) is defined as 700nm to 1400nm wavelength interval by International Commission on Illumination(CIE). This wavelength interval is extensively used for target acquisition, night vision, wireless communication etc. Therefore, filtering the desired portion of EM spectra becomes a need for that kind of applications. Interference filters are multilayer optical devices which can be designed and produced for the desired wavelength intervals. The production of near infrared interference filters is a process of depositing thin material layers on the suitable substrates. In this thesis, a multilayer NIR filter will be designed for a selected wavelength interval by the use of dierent materials. Then, transmission quality, thermal stability, dependence of the transmission values on the incoming beam angle, performance and durability of the filter will be studied.
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6

Cheng, Wei-Chung. "Fabrication of Phase Masks by Immersion Interference Lithography and Study of Bottom Antireflective Coating Layers for Optical Lithography." 2004. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0001-3007200417014500.

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7

Cheng, Wei-Chung, and 鄭惟中. "Fabrication of Phase Masks by Immersion Interference Lithography and Study of Bottom Antireflective Coating Layers for Optical Lithography." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56259446045176173923.

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Анотація:
博士
國立臺灣大學
光電工程學研究所
92
In this thesis, our study contains three parts. The first part is the study of utilizing hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) film as the bottom antireflective coating (BARC) layer for deep ultraviolet (DUV) and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) lithographies. We report a novel tri-layer bottom antireflective coating (BARC) design based on hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) films working simultaneously at 157, 193 and 248nm wavelengths and a single-layer BARC film working in water at 193 nm wavelength. The required optical constant for each layer can be tuned by varying the gas flow rate ratio of oxygen to HMDSO in an electron cyclotron resonance plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (ECR-PECVD) process The swing effect in the resist is experimentally shown to be reduced significantly by adding this BARC structure. A novel method for producing durable fused silica self-interference phase mask is described in the second part. The grating pattern is formed into I line positive photoresist (EPG510, Everlight) by 351 nm Ar+ laser interference lithography exposure and is transferred to a thin chromium layer via wet etching solution CR7, then reactive ion etching in CHF3/O2 plasma is used to etch the fused silica substrate. For phase masks working in 248 nm wavelength can be generated by using interferometric lithography. The optimized fabrication process allows phase mask of sub-micron period, centimeter long, with the zero-order intensity suppressed down to 8%. For the demonstration of its practicality, one optimized phase mask with 1.08 μm period and 5% zero-order diffraction efficiency is shown capable of fabricating fiber Bragg gratings with 7 dB transmission loss at 1.563 μm wavelength. Furthermore, another 0.44 μm period phase mask is used to produce a photoresist pattern with halved period. For phase masks working in 157 nm wavelength can be made from modified fused silica with 180 nm period by using immersion interference photolithography. The fabrication process of the phase mask is optimized to generate the largest intensity ratio of diffracted ±1-order to zero-order. The phase mask is demonstrated to produce a photoresist pattern with halved period (90 nm) when illuminated with a laser of 157 nm wavelength. The phase masks are also capable of generating two-dimensional patterns of holes and dots and serving as molds for imprint applications. The third part of this thesis is the study of the bubble effect for 193 nm wavelength immersion interference lithography.
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8

Faiz, Fairuza. "Detection of Perfluoroalkyl Compounds with Polyvinylidene Fluoride Coated Optical Fibre." Thesis, 2019. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/40594/.

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Анотація:
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of man-made chemicals with many uses from fire-fighting foams to surface coatings and other industrial applications. In recent years, PFAS have gained considerable attention within the scientific community and the global media alike. Due to their strong chemical bonds, PFAS are inherently non-biodegradable and therefore persist in the environment. Listed in the Stockholm Convention of Persistent Organic Pollutants, these chemicals have been linked to various health issues in both humans and animals, lately, which are resulting in millions of dollars’ worth of expenses in health care and compensation for the governments of affected countries every year. In addition, the cost of cleaning up PFAS from the environment along with these human costs exceeds $50 billion in Europe alone. There is an urgent need for a portable sensing system to detect PFAS in the environment, including the most common types, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulphonate (PFOS). At present, the methods available to accurately measure the concentration of PFAS in contaminated samples involve field sampling followed by laboratory-based, time consuming analytical techniques, such as liquid/gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry that are unsuitable for real-time field measurements. Existing portable systems have not yet attained the precision of the analytical methods and face challenges in field tests due to various limitations, including lack of specificity, cross sensitivity to environmental conditions and generation of toxic waste. Therefore, this research has focused on providing a proof of principle of a Fabry- Perot Interferometry (FPI) based optical fibre sensor for in situ detection of PFOA in aqueous solution. It has aimed at characterizing the potential of the envisioned PFAS sensing technique to obtain accurate and real time measurements. The proposed research capitalised on the numerous practical advantages offered by optical fibre sensors and the ability of an integrated polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) coating at the fibre end-face to respond to the presence of PFOA. To the best of the author’s knowledge, PVDF was experimentally shown to respond to the emerging contaminants for the first time in this work. A novel approach of forming a thin PVDF film (or Fabry-Perot etalon) on an optical fibre end-face was developed and thoroughly characterized. The thermoplastic polymer PVDF, known for its many useful characteristics such as hydrophobicity, corrosion resistance and ferroelectricity, was considered a robust sensor material based on its performance related to water filtration membranes and other engineering applications. This work has reported the synthesis of optimized coating on optical fibres through the immersion precipitation technique and has discussed subsequent experiments with the fabricated PFAS detector that demonstrated reproducible changes in the FPI spectrum in the presence of PFOA. Successful detection of analytes or their change in concentration was denoted by spectral shifts on the obtained FPI reflection spectra. A variation in the optical path difference (OPD) determined through numerical modelling provided a measure of sensitivity of the FPI based system to the different PFOA solutions. Analytical tests confirmed that PVDF adsorbs PFOA by measuring the concentration of PFOA in solution before and after a PVDF film was immersed for several hours. Visual evidence in the form of scanning electron microscopic images also displayed differences in the surface structures of PVDF thin films that were exposed to PFOA. These results supported the inference that the changes in OPD were due to the adsorption of PFOA on the PVDF coated optical fibre. In addition to the solutions containing known amounts of PFOA, real industrial solutions containing residual fire-fighting foam from fire trucks were tested and showed successful detection at low levels. In this case, the solutions contained a mixture of PFOA and PFOS with a range of other PFAS compounds that are typically used in these foam formulations. Further investigation involving alternative optical methods employing refractive index- based measurement utilizing an etched fibre Bragg grating (EFBG) and also a bare optical fibre, showed spectral response to change in PFOA concentration in solution. A shift in the EFBG spectrum due to change in PFOA concentration in the solution in which PVDF membranes had been soaked indicated that the analyte was adsorbed by the polymer. Similarly, a change in the reflection intensity of the signal obtained by a bare fibre end-face in the PFOA solution due to a change in its refractive index, indicated the adsorption of the fluoro surfactant on the PVDF thin film. Following the confirmation of PFOA uptake by PVDF, functionalization of the polymer was also investigated, which revealed that the incorporation of zeolites into PVDF enables more PFOA from aqueous solution to be adsorbed onto the thin film. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to highlight structural differences in the doped coatings, whereas energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy was used to show compositional differences between the doped and non-doped PVDF thin films. Thus, this research contributed to the prospect of developing a functionalized sensor for more efficient detection of PFAs while also creating opportunities for further research in water treatment. A temperature characterization test, which was undertaken to eliminate possible signal cross-sensitivity effects, also indicated that the PVDF coated fibre can be considered for thermometric applications due to its good repeatability and linearity of the measurements over a specified temperature range. More importantly, information gathered from the undertaken characterization test was used to optimize the PFOA sensing protocol in order to obtain reliable results. This research has provided experimental evidence to support that a PVDF coated optical fibre can be used as a potential portable PFAS detector. It has demonstrated a novel and simple thin film fabrication and optimization process for selective detection of the emerging contaminant PFOA. Furthermore, by combining an interferometry type optical fibre sensing technology with aqueous PFAS detection this research has established the foundation for future studies that can lead to commercialisation of a portable PFAS sensor for wide-ranging environmental and engineering applications.
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Книги з теми "Optical Interference Coating"

1

Kaiser, Norbert, and Hans K. Pulker, eds. Optical Interference Coatings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36386-6.

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2

America, Optical Society of, ed. Optical interference coatings: Postconference digest. Washington, DC: Optical Society of America, 2001.

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3

F, Abelès, Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers., and France. Ministère de la défense. Direction des recherches, études et techniques., eds. Optical interference coatings: 6-10 June 1994, Grenoble, France. Bellingham, Wash., USA: SPIE, 1994.

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4

Optical Interference Coatings Topical Meeting (1988 Tucson, Ariz.). Optical interference coatings: Summaries of papers presented at the Optical Interference Coatings Topical Meeting, April 12-15,1988, Tucson, Arizona. Washington, D.C: OSA, 1988.

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5

Optical Interference Coatings Topical Meeting (1992 Tucson, Ariz.). Optical interference coatings: Summaries of papers presented at the Optical Interference Coatings Topical Meeting, June 1-5, 1992, Tucson, Arizona. Washington, DC: Optical Society of America, 1992.

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6

Optical Interference Coatings Topical Meeting (1995 Tucson, Ariz.). Optical interference coatings: Summaries of the papers presented at the topical meeting, June 5-9, 1995, Tucson, Arizona. Washington, DC: OSA, 1995.

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7

America, Optical Society of, ed. Optical interference coatings: June 7-12, 1998, Loews Ventana Canyon Resort, Tucson, Arizona. Washington, D.C: Optical Society of America, 1998.

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8

Claude, Amra, Macleod H. A, European Optical Society, European Commission. Directorate-General XII, Science, Research, and Development., and Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers., eds. Advances in optical interference coatings: 25-27 May 1999, Berlin, Germany. Bellingham, Wash., USA: SPIE, 1999.

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9

Optica, Robert Sargent, and Anna Sytchkova. Optica Optical Interference Coatings Conference 2022. Optical Society of America, 2022.

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10

Kaiser, Norbert, and Hans K. Pulker. Optical Interference Coatings. Springer, 2013.

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Частини книг з теми "Optical Interference Coating"

1

Friz, Martin, and Friedrich Waibel. "Coating Materials." In Optical Interference Coatings, 105–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36386-6_5.

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2

Vukusic, Peter. "Natural Coatings." In Optical Interference Coatings, 1–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36386-6_1.

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3

Stolz, Christopher J., and François Y. Génin. "Laser Resistant Coatings." In Optical Interference Coatings, 309–33. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36386-6_13.

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4

Escoubas, Ludovic, and Francois Flory. "Optical Thin Films for Micro-Components." In Optical Interference Coatings, 231–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36386-6_10.

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5

Thielsch, Roland. "Optical Coatings for the DUV / VUV." In Optical Interference Coatings, 257–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36386-6_11.

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6

Yulin, Sergey. "Multilayer Coatings for EUV/Soft X-ray Mirrors." In Optical Interference Coatings, 281–307. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36386-6_12.

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7

Gatto, Alexandre. "Coatings for UV- Free Electron Lasers." In Optical Interference Coatings, 335–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36386-6_14.

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8

Martinu, Ludvik, and Jolanta E. Klemberg-Sapieha. "Optical Coatings on Plastics." In Optical Interference Coatings, 359–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36386-6_15.

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9

Tempea, Gabriel, Vladislav Yakovlev, and Ferenc Krausz. "Interference Coatings for Ultrafast Optics." In Optical Interference Coatings, 393–422. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36386-6_16.

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10

Li, Li. "Optical Coatings for Displays." In Optical Interference Coatings, 423–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36386-6_17.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Optical Interference Coating"

1

Herrmann, R., R. Goetzelmann, and R. Schneider. "Stability of Dielectric Multilayer Coatings Produced by Different Coating Technologies." In Optical Interference Coatings. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oic.1988.thd11.

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Анотація:
Multilayer dielectric filters exhibit a more or less strong shift of their spectral properties when subjected to environmental changes such as changing humidity or temperature. The shift depends on the type of coating materials used and their internal structure. The structure is influenced by the process technology applied for the production of the filters.
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2

Cole, C., and J. W. Bowen. "Synthesis method for visible and infrared broadband spaceflight anti reflection coatings." In Optical Interference Coatings. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oic.1995.mb9.

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Broadband antireflection coatings are indispensable for spaceflight refractive optics, suppressing the ghosting of images and increasing the throughput of the optical elements. These coatings are required to be resistant to abrasion and radiation exposure, while operating over a bandwidth of typically 2 or 3 orders. The range of available thin-film materials is therefore restricted for these coatings and so any optimization routine is likewise restricted in its search for an optimal design. Existing refining or synthesis methods1 modify multilayer antireflection coating designs to an extent, but there is still no guarantee that the final design is the best which can be achieved for the given design parameters. Choosing the coating starting design, thin film materials, optimization routine and target function is of paramount importance in achieving the coating with the best performance. A synthesis routine for a computer is therefore outlined which will achieve optimal broadband antireflection coatings for spaceflight use by a judicious choice of starting design and a powerful optimization routine.
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3

Schulz, U., N. Kaiser, and A. Zöller. "Plasma Surface Modification and Coating of PMMA." In Optical Interference Coatings. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oic.1998.tuf.2.

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Inexpensive, light weight polymers offer significant cost saving and design flexibility for optical applications. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is the most often used polymer in precision optics. It shows excellent optical properties and can easily be manufactured to form components of complicated geometry by injection molding. However, the use of plastics for optical applications is limited by physical properties of organic polymers[1,2]. The application fields for plastic optics could be expanded by coating the components. Thin anorganic films are effective to realize optical functions and to improve scratch resistance and environmental durability. Thermally induced stress caused by the different thermal expansion of organic substrate and anorganic thin films, as well as, low deposition temperatures are main problems in coating polymers. In addition, because of differing chemical behavior, each kind of polymer requires its special pre-treatment to realize sufficient adherence.
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4

Hussmann, Eckart K., Nanning J. Arfsten, Hans-Ulrich Heusler, Peter H. Roehlen, and Hermann J. Piehlke. "Antireflective coatings on very large substrates by the dip coating process." In Optical Interference Coatings. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oic.1988.thd10.

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5

Lubezky, I., та I. Szafranek. "AR coating design: An efficient coating for germanium in the 7.5-12.5μm region". У Optical Interference Coatings. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oic.1988.fa1.

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Germanium is the most important raw material used in the fabrication of optical elements for the second atmospheric window in the infra red. Due to its high index of refraction germanium requires AR coating for the relevant wavelengths. Current applications in numerous devices limit the average maximum reflectance to 0.3% in the 8.0-11.5μm region and to a maximum of 1.0% (or less), in the peripheral regions down to 7.5μm and up to 12.5μm. A number of commercial coating companies offer such a product, without revealing the coating design(1). A few publications describe AR coatings for Ge in this region, but with inferior performances(2-3).
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6

Martinu, Ludvik. "Optical coating on plastics." In Optical Interference Coatings. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oic.2001.mf1.

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7

Harry, G. M., H. Armandula, L. Zhang, G. Billingsley, D. Coyne, and D. Shoemaker. "Advanced LIGO coating research." In Optical Interference Coatings. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oic.2004.fb5.

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8

samori, shingo, T. Sugawara, S. Agatsuma, M. Ishida, S. Yamamoto, M. Miyauchi, Y. Jiang, and E. Nagae. "RAS Bias Voltage Coating." In Optical Interference Coatings. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oic.2013.wc.3.

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9

Poitras, Daniel. "Facet Coating Design Robustness." In Optical Interference Coatings. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oic.2019.tc.4.

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10

George, Linu, Sumedha, and R. Vijaya. "Improving Antireflection by Double-sided Coating on Common Substrates for NIR range." In Optical Interference Coatings. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oic.2022.td.8.

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Improved antireflection in NIR range is demonstrated using dual-side coatings on substrates with commonly available coating materials, along with triple-layer coating on one side of the substrate and single-layer coating on the other side.
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