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Статті в журналах з теми "Of mice and men (Motion picture)"
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Liu, Wei, Marvin W. Ashford, Junjie Chen, Mary P. Watkins, Todd A. Williams, Samuel A. Wickline, and Xin Yu. "MR tagging demonstrates quantitative differences in regional ventricular wall motion in mice, rats, and men." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 291, no. 5 (November 2006): H2515—H2521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01016.2005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Rats and genetically manipulated mouse models have played an important role in the exploration of molecular causes of cardiovascular diseases. However, it has not been fully investigated whether mice or rats and humans manifest similar patterns of ventricular wall motion. Although similarities in anatomy and myofiber architecture suggest that fundamental patterns of ventricular wall motion may be similar, the considerable differences in heart size, heart rate, and sarcomeric protein isoforms may yield quantitative differences in ventricular wall mechanics. To further our understanding of the basic mechanisms of myofiber contractile performance, we quantified regional and global indexes of ventricular wall motion in mice, rats, and men using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Both regular cine and tagged MR images at apical, midventricular, and basal levels were acquired from six male volunteers, six Fischer 344 rats, and seven C57BL/6 mice. Morphological parameters and ejection fraction were computed directly from cine images. Myocardial twist (rotation angle), torsion (net twist per unit length), circumferential strain, and normalized radial shortening were calculated by homogeneous strain analysis from tagged images. Our data show that ventricular twist was conserved among the three species, leading to a significantly smaller torsion, measured as net twist per unit length, in men. However, both circumferential strain and normalized radial shortening were the largest in male subjects. Although other parameters, such as circumferential-longitudinal shear strain, need to be evaluated, and the causes of these differences in contractile mechanics remain to be elucidated, the preservation of twist appears fundamental to cardiac function and should be considered in studies that extrapolate data from animals to humans.
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Hallett, Hilary A. "Based on a True Story: New Western Women and the Birth of Hollywood." Pacific Historical Review 80, no. 2 (May 1, 2011): 177–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2011.80.2.177.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article explores early publicity about Hollywood that promoted Los Angeles as a New West supporting a New Western Woman who became a key, if often slighted, element in the “grounding of modern feminism.” The New Western Woman was both an image that sought to attract more women into movie audiences and a reality that dramatized the unconventional and important roles played by women workers in the early motion picture industry. By describing these women as expertly navigating the city, the West, and professional ambitions simultaneously, this publicity created a booster literature that depicted Los Angeles as an urban El Dorado for single white women on the make. In response, tens of thousands of women moved west to work in the picture business, helping to make Los Angeles the first western boomtown where women outnumbered men.
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Komarova, Kseniya. "Inequality between women and men in South Korea: a discourse-analysis of the motion picture “Kim Ji-young: Born 1982”." Woman in russian society, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21064/winrs.2022.1.5.
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Wang, Jianguo, Yuefei Zhou, and Lijun He. "Appropriate supplementation of testosterone alleviates post-stroke damage via decreasing inflammation and oxidative stress in aged male C57BL/6 mice." European Journal of Inflammation 20 (January 2022): 1721727X2211167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1721727x221116739.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Stroke injury is closely related to testosterone levels. Testosterone supplementation in elderly men is seen to protect the cardiovascular system and reduce the risk of stroke. But this medication method is controversial. This study aims to investigate the effect of long-term testosterone supplementation on brain injury after stroke in aged mice. 60 male C57BL/6 mice,12-months of age were divided into 3 groups: low-dose group, high-dose group, and control group, each group was injected subcutaneously with 100 μL of sesame oil or 5 mg/kg or 50 mg/kg of testosterone (in 100 μL of sesame oil) twice per week, respectively. One week after the injection, stroke was induced by light. After the stroke, the injection continued for 6 weeks. The motion ability was measured by rotating rod and tail suspension. The brain injury was observed by naked eyes and TTC staining. In addition, we measured the inflammation ( Tnf-α, Il-6, and Mcp-1) and oxidative stress (Malondialdehyde (MDA) and T-AOC) in the injured tissue 72 h post-stroke. Low-dose testosterone supplementation improved the motion ability and decreased brain injury. It also decreased the inflammatory factors ( Tnf-α, Il-6, and Mcp-1), decreased MDA product, and increased T-AOC. High-dose testosterone supplementation not only reduced the motion ability and aggravated stroke injury, but also increased the inflammation, MDA level and decreased T-AOC level. In summary, supplementation of testosterone at normal levels in elderly mice can alleviate post-stroke injury by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress; however, excessive supplementation may cause unexpected injuries. This study has important implications for the application of testosterone replacement therapy.
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Prasetyaning, Linda, Risa Purnamasari, and Nova Lusiana. "Efektivitas Mikronutrien Zinc dari Ekstrak Labu Kuning (Cucurbita Moschata D) Terhadap Perilaku Kawin Mencit (Mus musculus) Jantan." Biotropic : The Journal of Tropical Biology 2, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.29080/biotropic.2018.2.1.53-60.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Male reproductive ability ability has a linear correlation with libido and testosterone. Both are associated with various things main food consumption such as protein, vitamins and minerals. Aphrodisiac is an ingredient or drug that arouses sexual arousal or libido. Pumpkin is an example of food from plants with the highest content of zinc. This study was to determine whether there is a difference between the content of zinc on the peel, flesh and pumpkin seeds against sexual activity of mice. The experimental animals used were 24 male, group I mice as control group, Group II was grouped with pumpkin peel extract, Group III was grouped with extract of pumpkin flesh, Group IV was grouped with extract of pumpkin seeds. The dose used is 2gr / kg BB and volume of 0.2 ml is given for 35 days. Sexual Activity is observed every day by the position of male mice riding females. Based on Anova One Way test results showed there are differences in sexual activity mice males in each group (ρ 0.000). The difference of the result of the number of mounts indicated that the giving of yellow pumpkin extract had an effect on the increase of mating behavior of male mice. The group treated with the extract of pumpkin flesh showed the highest number of mice mounts (mean = 24,1667.Further research is needed to get a clearer picture of the composition of the pumpkin nutrients that indirectly affect fertility in men.
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Ningsih, Heny Utami, Ulfa Wafirotul Bahiyyah, and Risa Purnamasari. "Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Buah Pisang (Musa acuminate L) dan Buah Alpukat (Persea americana Mill) Terhadap Berat Hati Mencit (Mus musculus) Betina." Biotropic : The Journal of Tropical Biology 2, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.29080/biotropic.2018.2.1.61-66.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Male reproductive ability ability has a linear correlation with libido and testosterone. Both are associated with various things main food consumption such as protein, vitamins and minerals. Aphrodisiac is an ingredient or drug that arouses sexual arousal or libido. Pumpkin is an example of food from plants with the highest content of zinc. This study was to determine whether there is a difference between the content of zinc on the peel, flesh and pumpkin seeds against sexual activity of mice. The experimental animals used were 24 male, group I mice as control group, Group II was grouped with pumpkin peel extract, Group III was grouped with extract of pumpkin flesh, Group IV was grouped with extract of pumpkin seeds. The dose used is 2gr / kg BB and volume of 0.2 ml is given for 35 days. Sexual Activity is observed every day by the position of male mice riding females. Based on Anova One Way test results showed there are differences in sexual activity mice males in each group (ρ 0.000). The difference of the result of the number of mounts indicated that the giving of yellow pumpkin extract had an effect on the increase of mating behavior of male mice. The group treated with the extract of pumpkin flesh showed the highest number of mice mounts (mean = 24,1667.Further research is needed to get a clearer picture of the composition of the pumpkin nutrients that indirectly affect fertility in men.
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Levy, Emanuel. "Stage, Sex, and Suffering: Images of Women in American Films." Empirical Studies of the Arts 8, no. 1 (January 1990): 53–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/90lj-px9t-q0j8-kb0g.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article systematically examines the portrayal of women in the American cinema over the last sixty years, from 1927. More specifically, it addresses itself to the following issues: the main attributes of screen women in terms of age, marital status, and occupation; the guidelines prescribed by American films for structuring women's lifestyles; the degree of rigidity of these normative prescriptions and proscriptions; and recent changes in the portrayal of women. The research is based on content analysis, quantitative and qualitative, of 218 screen roles, male and female, which have won the Academy Award, bestowed annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for the best achievements in film acting. The study demonstrates the differential treatment of gender in American films and the durability of specific screen stereotypes for men and for women. The prevalence of rigid conventions in the portrayal of women for half a century is explained in relation to male economic and ideological dominance in Hollywood and in American society at large.
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Vaculíková, Pavlína, Alena Skotáková, Lenka Svobodová, Martin Sebera, and Dagmar Šimberová. "Komparace výsledků přijímacích zkoušek z gymnastických disciplín pro akademické roky 2010/2011 a 2011/2012." Studia sportiva 6, no. 2 (December 17, 2012): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/sts2012-2-12.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The disciplines of gymnastics have been an important part of entrance examination at the university with the physical orientation already for many years. It is also the same case at the faculty of physical studies at Masaryk University in Brno. Because there is a need to give a true picture of the level of motoric abilities and certain motion presumptions which are needed for studies of practical subjects with using gymnastics, there is more and more need to find the best choice of gymnastics equipment and also its content. It is also because of economical reasons. This was the reason why there were some changes in entrance examinations in academic year 2010/2011 and 2011/2012. It was done in one of disciplines but also in the content of the second discipline. The biggest change concerned the horizontal bar for women and men to trapeze bar. Choosing of exercises we tried to cover as much as possible the level of chosen motoric abilities (in case of trapeze bar foremost the force abilities), which could be helpful for easier managing new locomotive skills during gymnastics lessons. The exercises on the floor were spread in strengthening exercises whose aim was to show abilities of the applicants how to control the body as the complex. The monitoring unit was created in total 1037 – 509 for 2010/2011 (132 women and 377 men) and 529 applicants (140 women and 389 men) for 2011/2012. In our contribution we tried to watch the differences in evaluation of individual disciplines for men and women in entrance examinationfor academic year 2010/2011 and 2011/2012. Next aim of comparison and findings of mutual relationship between each discipline was their possible exchangeability in entrance examination for academic year 2012/2013. There is visible difference between evaluation of men and women on trapeze bar and it was in 2010/2011 and 2011/2012. On the contrary women got better results on the floor in both years. As far as the exchangeability of individual disciplines is concerned, correlation coefficients show possible exchangeability trapeze for floor or floor for trapeze.
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Doroftei, Bogdan, Ovidiu-Dumitru Ilie, Radu Maftei, Ioana-Sadyie Scripcariu, Theodora Armeanu, Irina-Liviana Stoian, and Ciprian Ilea. "A Narrative Review Discussing Vasectomy-Related Impact upon the Status of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Biomarkers and Semen Microbiota." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 7 (April 3, 2023): 2671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12072671.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Male contraceptive approaches besides tubal sterilization involve vasectomy and represent the method of choice among midlife men in developing countries thanks to many advantages. However, the subsidiary consequences of this intervention are insufficiently explored since the involved mechanisms may offer insight into a much more complex picture. Methods: Thus, in this manuscript, we aimed to reunite all available data by searching three separate academic database(s) (PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Scopus) published in the past two decades by covering the interval 2000–2023 and using a predefined set of keywords and strings involving “oxidative stress” (OS), “inflammation”, and “semen microbiota” in combination with “humans”, “rats”, and “mice”. Results: By following all evidence that fits in the pre-, post-, and vasectomy reversal (VR) stages, we identified a total of n = 210 studies from which only n = 21 were finally included following two procedures of eligibility evaluation. Conclusions: The topic surrounding this intricate landscape has created debate since the current evidence is contradictory, limited, or does not exist. Starting from this consideration, we argue that further research is mandatory to decipher how a vasectomy might disturb homeostasis.
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Quartz, Karen Hunter, Andrew Thomas, Lauren Anderson, Katherine Masyn, Kimberly Barraza Lyons, and Brad Olsen. "Careers in Motion: A Longitudinal Retention Study of Role Changing among Early-Career Urban Educators." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 110, no. 1 (January 2008): 218–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146810811000102.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background/Context Teacher retention, especially of qualified teachers within high-poverty schools, is an issue of local, national, and international concern. School staffing research has typically examined two groups: those who remain in full-time classroom teaching versus those who quit teaching altogether. This article complicates the teacher staffing picture and adds a third category of attrition: role changing, which is the phenomenon of teachers shifting into nonteaching professional roles in the field of education. Purpose We asked what proportion of teacher career movement within our sample was attributable to leaving teaching versus role changing. Further, we wanted to know the influence of race/ethnicity, gender, credential type, and age on role-changing patterns. Research Design To deepen our understanding of teacher career patterns, we conducted a 6-year longitudinal study that involved collecting survey data on teacher career movement, school experiences, and attitudes from 838 well-prepared urban educators in their first through eighth career year. These educators had all completed master's degrees in the teacher education program of a high-status urban public university and all began their careers as teachers. After collecting the data, we documented and diagrammed career patterns. In addition, we analyzed the influence of select time invariant covariates on the hazard probabilities of both role changing and leaving education. Findings/Results The study found that not only did teachers move into a variety of non-teaching roles within the field of education, but they also followed diverse career “pathways” along the way. Survival analysis substantiated prior research showing that Latino teachers have lower attrition rates from the field of education compared with White teachers, but this effect disappeared for role changing with the field. In terms of gender, the men in our population were less likely to leave education entirely than women but more likely to leave teaching for a role change in career years 3–8. Teachers with single-subject (secondary) credentials were more likely than their colleagues who held multiple-subject (elementary) credentials to leave teaching for a role change in education. Conclusions/Recommendations Set within the framework of teacher professionalism, we argue that role changing is a form of sanctioned attrition and that understanding movement among roles within the educational workforce is essential for crafting policies and incentives to keep well-prepared teachers rooted in careers that serve the nation's most under-served students.
Дисертації з теми "Of mice and men (Motion picture)"
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Winters, Ben. "Korngold's merry men : music and authorship in the Hollywood studio system." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c5f13b67-57e1-48d7-aa97-2867b2bfd36c.
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Flook, Christopher A. "A critical analysis of masculinity portrayals in film : definition, ideal, and possible solution." Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1379432.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this thesis is to critically analyze masculinity portrayals in film at the turn of the Twenty-First Century. Specifically, the films Fight Club and American Beauty are analyzed to determine how these films define masculinity and render the ideal male. This analysis finds that the portrayal of men in these films closely matches the perception of a masculinity crisis. The films also offer a solution to the crisis that follows the philosophical theories suggested by Friedrich Nietzsche. It is concluded that masculinity is a social construction that needs new ideals and definitions to more accurately fit the environment of American men in the new century.Department of Telecommunications
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Cochran, Tanya R. "Toward a Rhetoric of Scholar-Fandom." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/english_diss/51.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Individuals who consider themselves both scholars and fans represent not only a subculture of fandom but also a subculture of academia. These liminal figures seem suspicious to many of their colleagues, yet they are particularly positioned not only to be conduits to engaged learning for students but also to transform the academy by chipping away at the stereotypes that support the symbolic walls of the Ivory Tower. Because they are growing in number and gaining influence in academia, the scholar-fans of the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer (Buffy) and other texts by creator Joss Whedon are one focus of this dissertation. Though Buffy academics or Whedon scholars are not the only ones of their kind (e.g., academic- fan communities have cropped up around The Simpsons, The Matrix Trilogy, and the Harry Potter franchise), they have produced more literature and are more organized than any other academic-fan community. I approach all of my subjects—fandom, academia, fan-scholars, and scholar-fans—from a multidisciplinary perspective, employing various methodologies, including autoethnography and narrative inquiry. Taking several viewpoints and using mixed methods best allows me to begin identifying and articulating a rhetoric of scholar-fandom. Ultimately, I claim that Whedon academic-fans employ a discourse marked by intimacy, community, reciprocity, and transformation. In other words, the rhetoric of Whedon scholar-fandom promotes an epistemology—a way of knowing—that in Parker J. Palmer’s paradigm is personal, communal, reciprocal, and transformational.
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Katz, Jacqueline Lee. "Queer entanglements: postcolonial intimacies, spaces and times in Greyson and Lewis's Proteus (2003)." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/20800.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Humanities, University of the
Witwatersrand, in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of
Master of Art in Dramatic ArtsMy dissertation presents a textual analysis of John Greyson and Jack Lewis's South African film, Proteus (2003), which is based on archival records and plots the never-before-told narrative of an intimacy between two inmates on 16th century Robben Island. Locating this same-sex intimacy in the 1700s Cape Colony has far-reaching implications when considered in relation to the increasingly pervasive twenty-first century discourse which proposes that homosexuality is necessarily 'unAfrican'. The film's social and political commentary is, therefore, significant for how we might think about sexuality, among other subjectivities, in post-apartheid South Africa. By analysing the film's formal and thematic attributes, I demonstrate that the directors' protean approach to filmmaking has queering effects for the linear notion of time and the cohesive conceptualisation of identity that the colonial archive tends to reinforce. I suggest that commonsense notions of time, space, language and identity that structure the archive have allowed for multiple fissures to develop along the trajectory from past to present. As I show, the aforementioned process has almost effaced from official records narratives, such as the one told in Proteus, that would trouble totalising ideas about the intimate orientations of certain individuals. Therefore, I argue that while the record of this same-sex intimacy does appear in the archive, it has been subsumed by other, more dominant, narratives. The film's work, which I replicate in my reading of it, has been to queer this archive by foregrounding what has historically been repressed. In my first chapter, I argue that by enacting what Halberstam (2005) terms a mode of 'queer temporality', Proteus carves out spaces in the archive for alternative renditions of history to come into visibility in ways that demand fluidity and heterogeneity. I propose that the strategic filmic mechanisms employed in Proteus necessarily engender nuanced spectatorial procedures, which call on the spectator to engage reflexively with the film. I continue to argue for the spectator's need to be particularly reflexive throughout the dissertation. My second chapter deals with the filmmakers' strategic use of language in order to present a commentary on the material effects that the acts of 'naming' and 'categorising' have on living bodies. The final chapter explores a critical perspective which has not previously been brought to bear on the film. I examine how Greyson and Lewis construct positions for their main characters from which they may assert their subjectivity - what Mirzoeff (2011) describes as 'the right to look'.
Книги з теми "Of mice and men (Motion picture)"
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Weisser-Gleissberg, Janine. Mein Film über mich: Regisseure vor und hinter der Kamera. Berlin: Avinus, 2014.
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1962-, Decker Kerstin, ed. Ich fang mich selbst ein: Mein Leben. Bergisch Gladbach: G. Lübbe, 2003.
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Avalon ; Tin men ; Diner: Three screenplays. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1990.
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LaBute, Neil. In the company of men. Boston: Faber and Faber, 1997.
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Welch, Julie. Leading men. New York: Villard Books, 1985.
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Louise, Brody, and Kobal Collection, eds. Leading men. New York: Villard Books, 1985.
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Welch, Julie. Leading men. New York: Crescent Books, 1987.
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Welch, Julie. Leading men. London: Octopus Conran, 1985.
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Wayne, Jane Ellen. Crawford's men. London: Robson, 1989.
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Wayne, Jane Ellen. Crawford's men. London: Robson, 1988.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Of mice and men (Motion picture)"
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Robinson, Ray. "The Celluloid Coast." In American Original, 128–42. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195086935.003.0012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract After his arrival, he worked for three dollars a day as a glove cutter in a small upstate New York town. But he had made up his mind that gloves would not be his future. In 1913, in an almost incomprehensible metamorphosis, he allied himself with his brother-in-law, Jesse L. Lasky; and with a former actor, Cecil B. DeMille, to form a motion-picture company. The three men set up shop in an abandoned barn in Hollywood, California, where the sun never failed to shine.
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Erdman, Andrew L. "The Twenties." In Beautiful, 202–21. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/9780197696361.003.0009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Movies had served Julian Eltinge well. But they were an unpredictable business, as the actor learned when a war–themed picture he made was abruptly shelved when peace unexpectedly alit in Europe. The impersonation artist pivoted between returning to vaudeville and committing fully to motion pictures, but he ultimately had to go where the work was. Because big-time vaudeville was on the decline, Eltinge found himself mounting revues in nightclubs, dinner cabarets, and cocktail lounges. Times were changing, though, and the “speakeasy culture” he found himself increasingly working in was sometimes viewed with suspicion as a haunt of gay men and transvestic inverts. During this period, the artist also became a mentor and éminence grise for college musical crossdressers, sponsoring and guiding a few proteges.
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Goldman, Herbert G. "Into Her Own." In Fanny Brice, 73–89. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195057256.003.0007.
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Abstract The Gondorf Ring was a cartel of swindlers and con men built up and headed by the Gondorf brothers of Atlantic City. Charley Gondorf was a legend, and “Henry Gondorff” was the name used for Paul Newman’s character in the 1972 motion picture The Sting. Fanny had already signed to play a featured role in Lew Fields’ Hands Up, a “musicocomico” melodrama about the theft of a neck.lace that opened at the Shubert Theatre in New Haven, Connecticut, on June 7, 1915. The New York Dramatic Mirror said Fanny was ‘‘the hit of the show,” but the production failed to come up to expectations, and was closed in Albany a week and a half later. (Fields sold it outright to the Shuberts, who opened a revised version on Broadway with a different cast.) Fanny returned to New York as Nick’s case came up for trial. She was nervous and afraid, as if to counterpoint Nick’s outward coolness.
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Wilk, Stephen R. "The Nature of Myth." In Meousa, 3–15. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195124316.003.0001.
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Abstract Recently, There Has Been A resurgence of interest in mythology as the baby boom generation reaches middle age and begins to ponder its place in the universe. Robert Bly’s Iron john and Clarissa Estes’s Women Who Run with the Wolves use myths to help modern men and women orient themselves. Mythologist Joseph Campbell has undergone an apocolocyntosis and has, like many of his subjects, become deified. His monumental series The Masks of God and The Hero with a Thousand Faces dominate the mythology shelves at libraries and bookstores. His lectures are available on audiotape, and Bill Moyers interviews him on video. The television series Northern Exposure adapted classic myths in new and interesting forms. Disney studios released an animated (and highly modified) version of the Hercules story for the motion picture screen. Director Sam Raimi has produced television series based on Hercules and Sinbad, using his characteristic smash-cut editing style, mixed with jarringly modern plots and dialogue and leavened with dollops of stunning computer animation. In today’s world, myths are important-or at least interesting.
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Kagan, Robert A., and William P. Nelson. "The Politics of Tobacco Regulation in the United States." In Regulating Tobacco, 11–38. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195139075.003.0002.
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Abstract During the 1940s and 1950s, cigarette smoking rivaled baseball as America’s national pastime. On motion picture screens, cigarettes were depicted as wholly desirable, smoked by the glamorous and sophisticated, by gritty Gis winning World War II, and tilting up at a jaunty angle from President Franklin Roosevelt’s profile. In 1965, 52% of American adult men were cigarette smokers. Now, however, cigarettes are widely castigated as the nation’s number one public health problem. Cigarette manufacturers have been besieged by multimillion and even multibillion dollar lawsuits; their shares trade at a record low price-earnings ratio (Norris 2000). In many cities, office workers who want a cigarette break are forced to huddle outside the building’s doorway. In 1995, only 25% of American adults were smokers, and in many social circles, smoking is regarded as pathological. This remarkable transformation is far from complete. Millions of Americans have not quit smoking, hundreds of thousands continue to die from lung cancer and other diseases each year, and teenagers still join the army of the addicted in disturbingly large numbers. Nevertheless, it seems clear that tobacco, once unchallenged, is now on the defensive, and few would bet that in 25 years the proportion of Americans who smoke cigarettes as we know them will be as high as it is today.
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Jackson, Robert H. "That Man As Economist." In That Man, 119–34. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195168266.003.0007.
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Abstract Many of The Litigations and other matters that presented legal aspects were also economic matters. It always seemed to me that the President was at his weakest in dealing with economic or business problems. He had not engaged in business as my law practice had compelled me to do, and he had no personal knowledge of its methods or its problems. He tended to think of economic matters as personal rather than impersonal forces. He was much inclined to think about economic matters in terms of rights and wrongs. He was inclined to think that we were prosecuting a group of businessmen because they had done some moral wrong, and that if he talked to them and made them see that their course was morally wrong, they would do something about it. When we were considering the commencement of Department of Justice actions in 1937 to dissolve the motion picture combines, I went to the President and told him that I wanted to start an action against them. The President said, “Well now, of course, they’ve been doing wrong, but do you really need to sue these men? If you would bring them in here and let me talk with those fellows, don’t you think they would change their practices? I think they can be straightened out.” My answer, of course, was that these men were in a sense victims of their practices as well as perpetrators of them. It was a system that had grown up to where no one man or group could break it up without the intervention of government. Even if they all decided they ought to break it up, they could not do it. It was not a moral problem. It was not a right and wrong problem. It was a social and antisocial problem that did not reach moral concepts. What the President found difficult to envision was that they were caught up in a course of business practices that they were as powerless to escape from individually as if they were prisoners.
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Naremore, James. "Style and Meaning in Citizen Kane." In Orson Welles ’s Citizen Kane, 123–59. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195158915.003.0005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract According To Orson Welles ‘s one-time producer John Houseman, Welles was “at heart a magician, whose particular talent [lay] not so much in his creative imagination (which is considerable) as in his proven ability to stretch the familiar elements of theatrical effect far beyond their normal point of tension.” ‘ Left-handed as the compliment may seem, Welles was, among other things, a professional magician (“You know an awful lot of tricks,” Susan Alexander says to Charles Foster Kane during their first meeting, as he casts shadows on the wall to amuse her. “You ‘re not a professional magician, are your”), and his movies delight in visible trickery. In Citizen Kane, for example, the camera moves in to a close-up of a group photograph of the Chronicle staff while Kane talks about what good men they are; suddenly Kane walks right into the photo, and as the camera pulls back from the assembled journalists we find ourselves at an Inquirer party six years later. Such moments draw upon a cinema of plea-Citizen Kane enjoyed a spectacular critical reception. American novelist John O ‘Hara, writing for Time magazine, said quite simply that it was the best motion picture he had ever seen. ‘ Other serious reviewers in this country didn ‘t debate whether or not it was unusually good, but whether or not it was a great, even revolutionary, achievement. Meanwhile, Kane was the subject of considerable controversy in Hollywood; it was nominated for nine Academy Awards but received only one, for best original screenplay by Herman Mankiewicz and Orson Welles, who were booed by detractors at the award ceremony.
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Regalado, Antonio. "Human Genetics." In A Field Guide for Science Writers. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195174991.003.0035.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Genetic research is moving faster than a nematode poked by a platinum needle. Every week, the scientific journals report a score of new gene discoveries made in mice, worms, and men. How can a science journalist cover it all? It's hopeless, of course. So one thing I always keep in mind is it's often the methods or scientific tools behind these molecular discoveries, not the discoveries themselves, that present the best story possibilities. Examples of topics for such “tool stories” include DNA chips, proteomics, and new imaging technologies like the green-fluorescent protein used to make zebrafish and other laboratory critters glow. In writing about the technologies that drive biological research, I've found a formula that has worked well for me, time and again. Of course, not every story fits the same mold, and the best ones break it. But it's important to be familiar with how a tool story typically comes to be, and how to write one. I like to think about biology as a big onion that's rapidly being peeled. There are tens of thousands of biologists peeling away every day, figuring out all of life's working parts. But I never saw much sense in inspecting every peel for its news potential. (And some editors I know refer dismissively to the latest uncovering of a gene for heart attack or schizophrenia as “gene-of-the-week” stories.) It's better, sometimes, to focus on the new techniques and ideas for peeling the onion. Tool stories are big-picture stories that can be newsy, but the trends tend to have a long shelf life. They endure through numerous news cycles, and ultimately nearly every outlet in the journalistic food chain will cover the big ones. Your decision is when to catch the wave. Some reporters put a big emphasis on being first, but others will be content to watch the story unfold and cover their piece of it when it's right for whatever market they happen to be writing for. Either way, a tale of how a new technology is changing biological research is a great way to teach your readers—and yourself—about how science really works.
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Stokes, Melvyn. "Introduction." In D. W. Griffith’s The Birth of a Nation, 3–14. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195336788.003.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract In 1915, a movie was released that changed the history of American cinema. Directed by David W. Griffith, it was originally known as The Clansman. Soon after its West Coast première, however, it was renamed The Birth of a Nation. This film would bring about a revolution in American movie going. The Birth of a Nation was the first American film to be twelve reels long and to last around three hours. It was the first to cost $100,000 to produce. It was the first to be shown mainly in regular theaters at the same admission prices of up to $2 that were charged for live performances. It was the first to have a specially compiled musical score to accompany the film’s exhibition. It was the first movie to be shown at the White House, the first to be projected for judges of the Supreme Court and members of Congress, the first to be viewed by countless millions of ordinary Americans, some of whom had made long journeys to see it, the first to run in so many places for months at a time, the first to attract viewers who returned to see it, sometimes again and again, and the first to have its existence treated as a story in its own right in local newspapers. Although it was not the first motion picture in the United States to be distributed by means of road shows, it was the first to be shown so extensively this way. The men who advertised and publicized it created ways of promoting movies that would soon become standard across the American movie industry. In many ways, in fact, Birth of a Nation was the first “blockbuster”: it was the most profitable film of its time (and perhaps, adjusted for inflation, of all time), it helped open up new markets (including South America) for American films, and it may eventually have been seen by worldwide audiences of up to 200,000,000.