Готові списки джерел за темами / Objective and Subjective Status

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Objective and Subjective Status"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Objective and Subjective Status"

Liebe, Ulf, Nicole Schwitter, and Andreas Tutić. "Objective Status, Subjective Status and Prosociality of Swiss Apprentices." Swiss Journal of Sociology 45, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 57–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjs-2019-0004.

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Abstract In previous research, both positive and negative relationships between social status and prosociality have been reported. We argue that the nature of the observed status can explain these divergent findings. In an experimental study with technical and commercial apprentices, we show that objective status can have a positive effect on prosocial behaviour and that subjective status can have a negative effect when controlling for objective status.

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Strizoe, Alexander L., and Victoria A. Khrapova. "Cultural status: The dialectics of objective and subjective." Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy 21, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-7671-2021-21-1-52-56.

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The article is devoted to the philosophical understanding of the concept of “cultural status” in modern scientific discourse, which includes structural-functional and communicative approaches and allows to identify the invariant features present in this concept. These features, according to the authors, are associated with the category of measure, which fixes the balance of the diverse features of human nature. Cultural status reflects the position of its bearer in the space-time continuum and the context of values, norms, and relationships. It also sets a certain degree of autonomy, an ontological self that determines the perspective of vision. The interpretation of a status as a position allows us to reveal the relativity of any order, the qualitative uniqueness of the subjects of culture and the ways of mastering space. Allocation of subjective and objective aspects of cultural status makes it possible to describe the functions and fields formed by its carriers. The proposed approach allows us to study the risk-generating nature of the modern socio-cultural space.

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Coburn, David, and Virginia L. Edwards. "Objective and subjective socioeconomic status: intercorrelations and consequences*." Canadian Review of Sociology/Revue canadienne de sociologie 13, no. 2 (July 14, 2008): 178–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-618x.1976.tb00797.x.

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Ghaed, Shiva G., and Linda C. Gallo. "Subjective social status, objective socioeconomic status, and cardiovascular risk in women." Health Psychology 26, no. 6 (November 2007): 668–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.26.6.668.

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Präg, Patrick. "Subjective socio-economic status predicts self-rated health irrespective of objective family socio-economic background." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 48, no. 7 (June 7, 2020): 707–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494820926053.

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Aim: Subjective appraisals of socio-economic status (SES) are robustly associated with health outcomes, even when controlling for objective SES. Is this because objective SES is not accounted for in a sufficiently exhaustive way? Methods: I pool eight waves of nationally representative survey data from Germany (German General Social Survey, 2004–18, N=13,557) to assess the association between two separate subjective appraisals of SES (a 10-point scale and subjectively chosen social class membership) and poor self-rated health using logit and linear probability models. I account for an exhaustive range of objective SES variables, including respondents’ household incomes and social status, as well as occupational status, social class and education of respondents and of their partners, fathers and mothers. Results: The association between subjective SES and poor self-rated health remains stable, even when accounting for a wide range of objective SES markers. This is true for both subjective SES measured on a 10-point scale and as a subjective class identification. Conclusions: Even when controlling for a large number of objective SES markers, subjective SES and self-rated health are linked, suggesting that subjective assessments of SES are meaningful measures of SES which form a distinct pathway to health.

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Edwards, Tory, Rebekah Belasco, Alfonso Joaquin Munoz, Vernon Rayo, and Michael Buono. "Subjective vs. Objective Urine Color: Effect of Hydration Status." Advances in Applied Physiology 5, no. 2 (2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.aap.20200502.12.

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Sawada, Kyosuke, Kazunari Yoshida, Chisa Ozawa, Yuya Mizuno, Ellen B. Rubinstein, Takefumi Suzuki, Masaru Mimura, and Hiroyuki Uchida. "Impact of subjective vs. objective remission status on subjective cognitive impairments in depression." Journal of Affective Disorders 246 (March 2019): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.049.

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Ogbeide, Stacy A., and Christopher A. Neumann. "Sleep and the Social Matrix: Determinants of Health Status Beyond Objective Social Status." Psychology, Community & Health 4, no. 1 (March 31, 2015): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/pch.v4i1.107.

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AimThe purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between subjective social status (SSS) and objective socioeconomic status (SES) on sleep status (sleep duration and daytime sleepiness).MethodThe study sample included 73 primary care patients from a free medical clinic in which low-income individuals are primarily treated. Subjective social status was measured using the MacArthur Scale of Subjective Social Status which uses a pictorial format (social ladder) in order to assess current social status. Socioeconomic status was measured by assessing highest level of education and current income level.ResultsCommunity SSS did not significantly predict sleep duration or daytime sleepiness. Additional regression analyses were conducted and it was found that an overall model of U.S. SSS and community SSS significantly predicted perceived stress. Community SSS was found to be significantly associated with perceived stress. Regression results also indicated that an overall model of U.S. SSS and community SSS significantly predicted perceived health status.ConclusionIt may be beneficial for clinicians working with low-income primary care populations to include measures of SSS in addition to the traditional measures of SES for multidimensional patient care.

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Mendola, Joseph. "Objective Value and Subjective States." Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 50, no. 4 (June 1990): 695. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2108230.

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Huynh, Virginia W., and Jessica J. Chiang. "Subjective Social Status and Adolescent Health." Youth & Society 50, no. 7 (April 27, 2016): 926–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0044118x16646028.

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Despite adolescence being a period marked by significant social changes, research on social status focuses largely on adults. This study examined whether school and societal subjective social status (SSS) are differentially associated with adolescent health above and beyond objective socioeconomic status (SES), and explored pathways linking SSS to health. Latino ( n = 169) and Asian American ( n = 77) adolescents ( M age = 17.23, SD = 0.74; 59% female) completed self-reports of SSS, sleep, stress, and somatic symptoms. Parents reported income and education. Blood pressure (BP) measurements were obtained. Results indicate that independent of objective SES, lower school SSS was associated with higher diastolic BP whereas lower societal SSS was associated with more somatic symptoms. Sleep disruptions and perceived stress mediated the association between societal SSS and somatic symptoms. Results suggest that SSS may be more important to adolescent health than objective SES. Furthermore, school and societal SSS may differentially affect indicators of health through different pathways.

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Дисертації з теми "Objective and Subjective Status"

Reed, Nia MaLika. "The Relationship between Subjective Memory and Objective Cognition, Depression, and Anxiety by Dementia Status." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/gerontology_theses/19.

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This secondary data analysis of the Health and Retirement Study – Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study (ADAMS) examines the relationship between subjective cognition and objective performance, depression, and anxiety in cognitive impairment with no dementia (CIND) and dementia. With a cross-sectional design, this study consists of 480 older adults between ages 72-105. Participants completed the Mini-Mental State Examination. The Wechsler Memory Scale- Revised Logical Memory I/II measured memory. Anxiety and depression were measured by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. Subjective memory was measured by the HRS Self-report Memory and Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly. Independent t-tests and Pearson correlation analysis were employed to determine differences between the dementia and non-dementia groups. Results demonstrated that the CIND group had significantly better general cognition; more severe cognitive/memory problems in the dementia group showed weaker relationships between general cognition and memory performance; anxiety/depression were weakly related in CIND and moderately related in dementia.

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Keenan, Gregory William. "An Inquiry Into the Moral Significance of Doxastic and Epistemic States: Examining the Circumstantial Element of Moral Obligation." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/156.

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This thesis explores the moral significance of agent beliefs and epistemic states. In particular it will explore the following question: is an agent's moral obligation a function of her actual circumstances, what she believes those circumstances to be, or what her evidence indicates those circumstances are? Three corresponding views are explored and it is argued that each of these views is subject to one of two substantial worries, which are developed in this thesis (i.e. the manipulation worry and the unreasonableness worry).

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Mellner, Christin. "Women's subjective and objective health over time : the role of psychosocial conditions and physiological stress responses." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Dept. of Psychology [Psykologiska institutionen], Univ, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-124.

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Bagger, Jessica. "A Test Of Time's Objective and Subjective Influence On Work-Family Conflic in Sweden and the United States." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193565.

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Past research suggests that the relationship between work hours and work-family conflict is not as strong as expected, suggesting a need to investigate moderators of the relationship. This dissertation explores whether the value placed on time spent in a domain (subjective influence) moderates the relationship between actual time spent (objective influence) and subsequent work-family conflict. Value on time spent in a domain is operationalized as centrality, which draws upon the works of Mead (1934) and reflects the self-ascribed importance of a role identity (Ritzer, 1992). The concept of role-identities originates in sociological theories of identity: Identity theory (Stryker, 1980) and role-identity-theory (McCall & Simons, 1978). This mediated model is tested in a cross-national sample consisting of participants from Sweden and the United States. Sweden and the United States have been chosen because they represent very different public policy conceptions, particularly in approaching the work-family issue. Swedish public policy supports the reconciliation of employment and parenthood while North American public policy supports the male breadwinner model.Results of a field study show that the moderating effect of centrality on the relationship between hours spent and work-family conflict is significant only for high earners. Analyses were also conducted to compare Sweden and the United States with regards to work and family hours, work and family centrality, and work-family conflict. As expected, Americans work longer hours than Swedes. However, there is no significant difference with regard to work-family conflict. Unexpectedly, Swedes reported higher work centrality. Antecedents and consequences of work-family were also investigated. Specifically, daycare satisfaction related negatively to work-family conflict, while work-family conflict related negatively to turnover intentions.

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Kaya, Safak. "Quality Of Life In Turkey: A Comparative Analysis With The European Union Member States." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12607932/index.pdf.

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This study aims to describe the quality of life of Turkey in comparison with the European Union Member States including the other candidate countries Bulgaria and Romania. The main question in the study is to determine where Turkey stands in terms of quality of life domains in the membership process to the European Union. For this aim, &ldquo
The European Quality of Life Survey&rdquo
that has been launched in 2003 including 28 countries in Europe has been used. The survey consists of eight life domains including different objective and subjective indicators to measure the quality of life in these countries. The findings revealed that although Turkey displays similar patterns with the other candidate countries, it lags behind the European Union Member States in most of these eight quality of life domains.

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Sasmaz, Mary B. "Peers, Morality, and Socioeconomic Status: An Analysis of the Influence of Peer Groups on Income Tax Compliance." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1559488726376443.

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Anto, Enoch Odame. "Evaluation of suboptimal health status and prospective levels of oxidative stress biomarkers and angiogenic growth mediators with placental anatomy and pathology in normotensive and preeclamptic births." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2020. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2317.

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Preeclampsia (PE) is the leading cause of poor maternal and perinatal outcomes in both developed and developing countries. Even though the condition is treatable in the developed world, mothers from developing countries still suffer dramatic events due to limited resources. There is the need to identify readily available measures in addition to existing biomarkers that can predict PE. Thus, this thesis evaluated suboptimal health status (SHS) and prospective levels of oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers and angiogenic growth mediators (AGMs) with placental anatomy and pathology in normotensive and preeclamptic births in a Ghanaian Population. This longitudinal nested case-control study was based on the Ghanaian Suboptimal Health Status Cohort Study (GHOACS) that recruited 593 normotensive pregnant women (NTN-PW) at baseline (10-20 weeks gestation) from the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital between June 2017 and May 2019. Suboptimal health status, a subjective health measure was evaluated using the Suboptimal Health Status Questionnaire-25 (SHSQ-25) at baseline, and participants were subsequently classified into suboptimal health status (SHS) and optimal health status (OHS). Baseline participants were followed at 21-31 weeks, 32-42 weeks of pregnancy and 48 hours-2 weeks postpartum. Of the 593, 488 pregnant mothers aged 18-45 years completed the study and 105 were lost to follow-up. Data on sociodemographic, clinical, obstetric and anthropometric characteristics were collected from participants in addition to urine and venous blood samples. The panel of objective biomarkers of AGMs (placental growth factor [PIGF], vascular endothelial growth factor-A [VEGF-A], soluble endoglin [sEng] and soluble VEGF receptor-1 also known as soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase [sFlt-1]) in addition to OS biomarkers (8-epiprostaglandinF2 alpha [8-epi-PGF2α], 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine [8-OHdG] and total antioxidant capacity [TAC]) were evaluated across the 4-time sampling periods (10-20, 21-31, 32-42 weeks, and 48 hours-2 weeks postpartum) using ELISA. Placenta tissues were collected after delivery and examined for macroscopical, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. Data were analysed using SPSS, GraphPad Prism, XLSTAT and R Core. There were significant associations between SHS and imbalances in AGMs and OS (Study I: cross-sectional). The incidence of PE was high among SHS pregnant women (30.7%) compared to OHS pregnant women (8.8%), and SHS was an independent risk indicator for PE (Study II: longitudinal nested case-control). Compared to using the biomarkers alone, combining biomarkers of AGMs and OS, particularly 8- OHdG/PlGF ratio measured at 21-31 weeks (mid-pregnancy) yielded the best area under the curve, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predicted values for predicting the likelihood of SHS and OHS pregnant women developing PE (Study III: longitudinal nested case-control). Placental abnormalities and imbalance in the expression of AGMs and OS were associated more with SHS pregnant mothers who developed PE, particularly early-onset PE than late-onset PE (Study IV: case-control). In contrast to normotensive pregnancy, longitudinal profiling of AGMs and OS showed different patterns across the 4-time sampling periods with significant imbalance among SHS more than OHS mothers who later developed PE. Unlike, the single biomarkers, combined AGMs and OS ratios measured at mid-pregnancy yielded more significant hazard ratios in association with PE development (Study V: longitudinal cohort). Thus, combined evaluation of SHS, biomarkers of AGMs and OS together with placental examination increased the understanding of the aetiology, diagnosis and prognosis of PE, and created a window of opportunity for developing potentially predictive, preventive and personalised medicine in both high-and low-resource maternal and child health settings.

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Bain, Jonathan. "Subjective-Objective-Subjective: The Science Of Propaganda." Master's thesis, Faculty of Law, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32197.

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This thesis discusses the following: 1. That, while advertising practitioners employ various levels of scientific endeavour (particularly strategic insight development, but also research, demographic data collection, and other objective tools of the trade), its final output is ultimately nonscientific, i.e. subjective creative ideation. (In this way, advertising is not dissimilar to the classic ‘art' of propaganda.) 2. That, for reasons of business necessity, creative ego and a latent form of ‘inferiority complex' the advertising industry describes its work in presentations to more scientifically-orientated clients as a more scientific proposition. 3. That, in contrast, as evidenced by the physical production process of the advertising idea (post the client presentation) – as well as in industry texts, award ceremonies, and selected case studies – advertising practitioners effectively acknowledge the subjective nature of their work. 4. That further evidence of this scientific ‘terministic screen' (Burke 1950, pp. 26-27) is also revealed in the failure of some television commercials to profitably ‘connect' as intended with an audience – thus undermining claims to the objective approach that preceded these commercials. 5. That, possibly, as is implied in at least one ethnographic case study, not even clients are necessarily convinced by advertising science: the ‘screen' may be a two-way mirror. 6. That there is, more broadly, a constant dialectic between right-brained creativity and the left-brained business project. 7. That this tension is a microcosm of the capitalist enterprise, and, in an increasing number of present examples, is perversely reflected in the advertising industry's output as anti-capitalist brand messaging. 8. That it is possible to think of advertising as a sub-set of a more consumer-orientated ‘design'. 6 9. That, admittedly within limited confines of my research, there is a tantalising indication that, generally, advertising artefacts were historically more logos-led, are currently more pathos-led, and may in future benefit from a more ethos-led orientation.

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Chen, David. "Subjective and objective vehicle handling behaviour." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1997. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/627/.

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This thesis presents results from a research project seeking to correlate subjective and objective measures of automobile handling. An underlying goal of the work was to demonstrate how a relatively simple lumped parameter model, suitable for effective use at the early stages of vehicle design, could be used to predict both the objective responses and subjective feel of the car. The work associated with the project was centred around sixteen configurations of a prototype saloon car. Objective evaluation included ISO defined steady state, step input, and frequency response testing. Subjective assessments were conducted by eight trained test drivers who supplied feedback in the form of numerical ratings on a questionnaire covering various aspects of handling. Examination of the two sets of data highlighted aspects of handling for which driver ratings correlated with objective data. It was also possible to quantify the average effect each objective response parameter had on driver ratings and thus to identify responses which most strongly influence subjective ratings. In addition a lumped parameter model allowing for lateral, yaw and roll degrees of freedom was validated against the experimental data. This validation demonstrated that the model was capable of accurate steady state and transient predictions both in the linear and non-linear range. The work concludes with a brief discussion about how the validated model, combined with the knowledge gained from the correlation work, could be used by engineers to streamline the design and development process.

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Nabi, Ghulam Rasul. "Predictors of objective and subjective career success." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 1999. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/20076/.

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The main aim of this research was to examine predictors of both objective (salary). and subjective (perceived) career success. Three sets of predictors were examined: (1) individual attributes, (2) organisational opportunity structures and (3) career strategies. It was expected that a different pattern of variables would predict objective and subjective career success. In addition, the mediating role of career strategies was examined. It was expected that individual attributes and opportunity structures would be positively related to the use of career strategies, and that these strategies would be positively related to career success. Cross-sectional survey methodology was employed to collect data from a sample of 723 full-time employees in administrative/ technical, academic and managerial posts at several British universities. According to expectations, a different pattern of variables was related to objective and subjective career success. The strongest predictors of objective career success were education, organisational size and extended work involvement. In contrast, the strongest predictors of subjective career success were internal labour market perceptions of structured career progression and employment security. Separate analyses by gender and occupational group revealed a similar difference in the profile of predictors of objective and subjective career success. Overall, the results suggested that the variables that related to objective career success were often not the same as those related to subjective career success. This was taken as support for the main theme of this research that objective and subjective career success, although related, are substantially distinct concepts. Contrary to expectation, however, the results provided limited support for the mediating role of career strategies in the relationship between individual attributes, organisational opportunity structures and career success (objective and subjective). Only individual attributes (education and work centrality) were positively related to the use of career strategies (extended work involvement, selfpromotion and networking), and these strategies in turn were positively related to objective or subjective career success. However, the mediating role of career strategies was weak, albeit statistically significant. A number of limitations, mainly regarding the cross-sectional nature of the study, are discussed. Educational and organisational implications of the findings are suggested. Finally, a two-dimensional model of career success is proposed, incorporating the findings of the present research with reference to the predictors of objective and subjective career success, together with suggestions for further research.

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Книги з теми "Objective and Subjective Status"

Butler, J. S. Stigma in the food stamp program: An analysis using objective and subjective indicators. [Madison]: University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1986.

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Objective/subjective. [Chicago, Ill: Rhino Press], 1995.

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Subjective, intersubjective, objective. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2001.

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Press, S. James, ed. Subjective and Objective Bayesian Statistics. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470317105.

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Rowe, Alicia L. Anchoring effects on objective and subjective visual stimuli. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, 2007.

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Issues in clinical psychology: Subjective versus objective approaches. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1993.

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Subjective and objective Bayesian statistics: Principles, models, and applications. 2nd ed. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley-Interscience, 2003.

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Klempner, Geoffrey V. Naive metaphysics: A theory of subjective and objective worlds. Aldershot, Hants, England: Avebury, 1994.

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University of Cape Town. Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit, ed. Impact of fertility on objective and subjective poverty in Malawi. Cape Town: SALDRU, University of Cape Town, 2010.

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Osmond, Marie Withers. Women and work in Cuba: Objective conditions and subjective perceptions. East Lansing, MI (202 International Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824-1035): Office of Women in International Development, Michigan State University, 1988.

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Частини книг з теми "Objective and Subjective Status"

Tutić, Andreas, and Ulf Liebe. "Opposing Effects of Objective and Subjective Social Status on Prosociality: Theory and Quasi-Experiment." In Rationality in Social Science, 221–44. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33536-6_11.

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Murphy, Allan H., and Barbara G. Brown. "A Comparative Evaluation of Objective and Subjective Weather Forecasts in the United States." In Behavioral Decision Making, 329–59. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2391-4_15.

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Cui, Yan, and Yongliang Huang. "The Analyses of Objective Social Status and Subjective Identification of Middle Income Group in China—Also on the Construction of the Subjective Identified Olive-Shaped Society." In Research Series on the Chinese Dream and China’s Development Path, 223–34. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1464-4_13.

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Cantu, Phillip A., and Ronald J. Angel. "Limited but not Disabled: Subjective Disability Versus Objective Measurement of Functional Status and Mortality Risk Among Elderly Mexican Americans." In Contextualizing Health and Aging in the Americas, 271–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00584-9_13.

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Hui, Jizhuang, Haobo Zhang, Nima Zhaxi, Duojie Cidan, Yongjian Liu, Gao Cheng, and He Shi. "Research on Health Assessment Model and Data Analysis Method of Steel-Concrete Composite Girder Bridge." In Advances in Frontier Research on Engineering Structures, 141–51. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8657-4_13.

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AbstractIn order to evaluate the health status of Steel-concrete composite girder bridges, a health status assessment model based on the bridge monitoring scheme is proposed, and a matching data analysis method is established on this basis. Firstly, the data are divided into two index layers: monitoring projects and monitoring points, and a health status assessment model is established based on this. Secondly, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the state of Steel-concrete composite girder bridges is realized by the membership vectorization processing of the monitoring data. Finally, the method is applied to an actual bridge to evaluate the health status. The results show that the established model and method can evaluate the state of the Steel-concrete composite girder bridge, and the state of the bridge evaluated by this method is level 1 and the health is better. The health status assessment model and data analysis method of Steel-concrete composite girder bridges establishes a direct connection between objective data and subjective assessment, provides an effective way for the real-time evaluation of bridge health status.

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Falk Erhag, Hanna. "Good Self-Rated Health as an Indicator of Personal Capability in Old Age." In International Perspectives on Aging, 51–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78063-0_5.

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AbstractSelf-rated health, or self-assessed health, is based on asking individuals to evaluate their general health status on a four- or five-point scale, with response options ranging from ‘very good’ to ‘very poor’. This simple question has been one of the most frequently used health indicators for decades. In nursing research, the voices, interpretations and understanding of humans, as well as their ability to shape their experiences, are studied through the collection and analysis of primarily qualitative materials that are subjective and narrative in nature. However, knowledge about subjective experiences of health and illness, situated and filtered through the life-world of the individual, can also be sought using other approaches. The aim of this chapter is twofold. Firstly, it aims to outline perspectives on how epidemiology and population-based studies of self-rated health as an indicator of subjective experiences can generate new evidence to solve nursing problems and expand nursing knowledge. Secondly, based on the hypothesis that there is an association between good self-rated health and a person’s capability to master the gains and losses of late life, the chapter also aims to describe how personal capability can be operationalised as self-rated health, given that this seemingly simple question delegates to the individual the task of synthesising, in a single evaluation, the many dimensions that make up the complex concept of health and wellbeing in old age. Although a person’s capabilities are dependent on a large variety of factors, at the individual level, symptom experience, chronic illnesses and functional disability are paramount. Therefore, in this chapter, the focus will be on self-rated health as an indicator of personal capability in the fourth age – the period of late life characterised by illness, frailty, impairment and dependence on others. To study self-rated health during this period of life is especially interesting in that the discrepancy between subjective and objective health seems to increase with age, and older olds tend to rate their health as better than younger olds given the same level of disease and functioning.

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Taylor, Tim E. "Objective or Subjective?" In Knowing What is Good For You, 37–56. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230359796_4.

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Brown, Margaret. "Participation Objective, Participation Subjective." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2589–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_1826.

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Brown, Margaret. "Participation Objective – Participation Subjective." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1875–77. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_1826.

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Brown, Margaret. "Participation Objective, Participation Subjective." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_1826-2.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Objective and Subjective Status"

Kertesz, Andrew E., and Hyo J. Lee. "Simultaneous objective and subjective measurements of fixation disparity." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1986.mi1.

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Fixation disparity is generally used to describe the inexactness of binocular fixation. Typically fixation disparity is measured subjectively by the extent of binocularly perceived misalignment of dichoptically (one to each eye) presented Nonius lines. It is customary to obtain fixation disparity measurements as a function of stimulus disparity resulting in a fixation disparity curve. These curves (that purport to measure vergence error or, equivalently, the magnitude of sensory compensation to assure fusion) are used to characterize binocular disorders as well as prognostic indicators for orthoptic therapy. In previous experiments we found significant differences between subjective and objective measurements of cyclo-fusional response.1 We have, therefore, decided to perform simultaneous objective (eye movement measurements during binocular viewing and cover–uncover test) and subjective (Nonius line displacement) measurements of horizontal and vertical fixation disparities as a function of stimulus disparities. All our stimuli contained a fixation point. We found significant differences between the objective and subjective measurements. These differences render the Nonius line method an unreliable indicator of fusional performance or sensory status.

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Sazonova, Kristina V., and Natalya N. Beklemesheva. "SUBJECTIVE AND OBJECTIVE PERSPECTIVES IN HEDGING STRATEGY. ENGLISH POLITICAL AND ACADEMIC TYPES OF ORAL DISCOURSE." In Люди речисты - 2021. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/978-5-907216-49-5-2021-121-135.

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The paper focuses on different perspectives of hedging in English and Russian communication strategies. The empirical corpus is compiled from the scripts of politicians' and academics’ public performances. The findings show that the choice of hedges is defined by discourse type, format of speech, ethnic, gender characteristics, status and personal qualities of the communicator.

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Gobbi, Massimiliano, Gianpiero Mastinu, Stefano Melzi, Giorgio Previati, Luca Ronconi, and Edoardo Sabbioni. "A Driving Simulator for UN157 Homologation Activities." In ASME 2022 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-89909.

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Abstract UN157 Regulation is devoted to the homologation of SAE Level 3 automated vehicles. The research and development activities related with the Regulation may require an extensive usage of driving simulators. Developing a sickness-free driving simulator is crucial for extensive tests to be performed with ordinary drivers. The paper presents the technical features of the new driving simulator of the Politecnico di Milano. A number of biometric set of signals is recorded, namely, forces and moments at each single hand at the steering wheel, heart rate variability, skin resistance potential, eye movements. A matching of the objective monitoring of the driver is compared with the subjective psychological status. An initial population of 30 subjects has been investigated. The new driving simulator has shown a good acceptance by ordinary drivers. Both objective and psychologic subjective assessment agree to state that the new driving simulator may be used to test ordinary driver behavior in a motorway scenario.

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Studart-Neto, Adalberto, Artur Coutinho, Camila Carneiro, Natália Moraes, Mateus Aranha, Raphael Spera, Jacy Parmera, et al. "ACCURACY OF FIGURE MEMORY TEST OF THE BRIEF COGNITIVE SCREENING BATTERY TO PREDICT AMYLOID STATUS IN OLDER ADULTS WITH SUBJECTIVE COGNITIVE DECLINE." In XIII Meeting of Researchers on Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1980-5764.rpda011.

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Background: Some older adults with subjective decline (SCD) had a positive amyloid biomarker indicating a preclinical stage of Alzheimer’s disease. Objectives: To assess the accuracy of Delayed Recall of Figure Memory Test (DR-FMT) of Brief Cognitive Screening Battery to predict amyloid status in SCD older adults. Objective: To assess the accuracy of Delayed Recall of Figure Memory Test (DR-FMT) of Brief Cognitive Screening Battery to predict amyloid status in SCD older adults. Methods: The sample consisted of 45 older adults classified as SCD and 25 as controls without complaints (mean age of 76.4 and 73.5, respectively, p= 0.138). They were evaluated with BCSB and a standard neuropsychological battery (which includes MMSE, MoCA, RAVLT, Logical Memory and DR of Rey Complex Figure). Subjects underwent PIB-PET to assess their amyloid status and images were classified based on visual and semi-quantitative analyses with 3DSSP methodology. Results: Twelve SCD older adults (27.3%) had positive PIB-PET against six in the controls (23.1%). In SCD group, DR-FMT was the only memory test that correlated with SUV in amyloid PET (r = -0.514, p < 0.001). Only DR-FMT showed significant area under the curve (AUC) in the ROC curve in SCD older adults (AUC = 0.771, 95% CI 0.621 - 0.921). Among SCD older adults, DR-FMT < 8.0 had a sensitivity of 83.3%, a specificity of 68.7% and an accuracy of 72.7%. Conclusion: FMT proved to have a good sensitivity and accuracy to predict amyloid status in SCD older adults.

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Goodrich, Mark D., and James R. Rinderle. "An Objective Approach to Design Configuration Selection." In ASME 1997 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc97/dtm-3866.

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Abstract Preliminary design is one of the most important stages of design but one of the least well understood. While complete designs can be analyzed in a number of ways, few methods exist to guide designers during the early stages of design. More objective, quantitative approaches to choosing from among configurational alternatives are preferable to current subjective methods of making preliminary design decisions. Design alternatives which are most worth investigating must be identified and then explored quickly and realistically. Approaches to guiding configurational design are discussed, demonstrated, and evaluated in the context of the design of two-dimensional, pin-jointed, load-carrying truss structures. Specific methods used in the example problem illustrate the general need to select a representation which permits rapid screening and evaluation of design alternatives, to make use of reasonable approximations and estimates, to use information about the current design to guide design changes, and to take advantage of patterns found in the problem to update designs efficiently. The proposed methods improve the initial design of a truss structure by a factor of 2.5 based on parametric optimization of the initial and final configurations. For large problems, the proposed methods involve fewer calculations than LU decomposition-based exhaustive evaluation methods of design by a factor in proportion to the number of vertices in the structure.

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Szabo, Dan alexandru, and Laurentiu Magdas. "INCREASING THE DEFENSIVE EFFICIENCY IN VOLLEYBALL USING THE STATISTICAL PROGRAM "CLICK & SCOUT"." In eLSE 2014. Editura Universitatii Nationale de Aparare "Carol I", 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-14-263.

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The high performance sport has experienced a boom in recent decades, the results being made possible by appealing and applying new advanced investigation techniques in various aspects of the concerned field. Modern sport training process is today the support of modern sustainable technologies, especially new Statistical Information Technologies (SIT) - hardware and software. However, it can be asserted, that in our country the SIT practical use is relatively sporadic with low incidence for various and objective reasons, but also subjective on the first side, generated by financial reasons and/or the absence of specialized personnel. On the other hand, the lack of benefits and possibilities of their use or very few providers where they can be purchased. The assessment needs, in accordance with the objectives to be met, often leads to subjective appreciations from the coaches. Unexpected victory or a surprising defeat is likely to be subjectively interpreted by the coaches, due to emotional states, induced by the conduct of the competition. Thus, certain hasty conclusions could generate premature confusions. The coaches should explore further techniques and traditional means of evaluation, which have proven effective and which have been continuously refined over time, but must also improve the promotion of new and modern computer assisted information technologies (IT). With the statistical software Click & Scout, you simply need to touch the court on the tablet pc screen to scout the serve, to receive, to attack and block from the first point of the game, to the last point of the match.

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Barbosa, Breno, Juliana de Souza Talarico, Ricardo Nitrini, Sônia Brucki, and Maira de Oliveira. "CORTISOL LEVELS AND COGNITIVE STATUS IN ELDERLY SUBJECTS: PRELIMINARY RESULTS FROM A MEMORY COHORT." In XIII Meeting of Researchers on Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1980-5764.rpda065.

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Background: There’s a growing body of research evaluating chronic stress as potentially preventable risk factor for dementia. Objective: To investigate whether chronic stress or cortisol measures are associated with cognitive status and dementia biomarkers. Methods: Transversal analysis to evaluate the relation between cortisol levels, amyloid pathology and cognitive status in a subset subjects with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and controls. Chronic stress evaluation involved anthropometric measures, serum cortisol and DHEA-sulfate, glycated hemoglobin, total and HDL cholesterol, creatinine, fibrinogen and reactive protein-C. Exclusion criteria included dementia and corticosteroids use. Results: 50 participants with serum cortisol levels available were included for analysis. Mean age was 71.8 years (SD + 5.2), with 36 female patients (50%), 11.3 years of education (SD + 5). Amnestic MCI was the most prevalent cognitive status (40%), followed by non-amnestic MCI (28%) and SCD (21%). 24 subjects had access to amyloid status assessment with PET-PiB (9 positive, 15 negative). In our sample the mean serum cortisol level was 9.09 mg/dL (+SD 4.1), with 12 individuals in the first tercile (24%), 30 in the middle tercile (60%) and 8 in the upper tercile (16%). Individuals in the lower cortisol tercile had more positive PET-PiB scans, while in the middle cortisol tercile all individuals had negative scans (p = 0.007 | Fisher’s test). Conclusion: Despite the modest sample size, there was a significant inverse association between cortisol terciles and amyloid status. More longitudinal cortisol measures (ie. salivary, urinary or hair) and a larger sample size could give us more information.

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Erdei, Renáta J., and Anita R. Fedor R. Fedor. "The Phenomenon and the Characteristics of Precariate in Hungary: Labormarket situation, Precariate, Subjective health." In CARPE Conference 2019: Horizon Europe and beyond. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/carpe2019.2019.10284.

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Anita R. Fedor- Renáta J. Erdei Abstract The focus of our research is labor market integration and the related issues like learning motivation, value choices, health status, family formation and work attitudes. The research took place in the North Great Plain Region – Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, Nyíregyháza, Nyíregyháza region, Debrecen, Cigánd district (exception), we used the Debrecen and the national database of the Graduate Tracking System. Target groups: 18-70 year-old age group, women and women raising young children, 15-29 year-old young age group, high school students (graduate ones) fresh university graduates. The theorethical frameworks of the precariate research is characterized by a multi-disciplinar approach, as this topic has sociological, economic, psychological, pedagogical, legal and health aspects. Our aim is to show whether There is relevance between the phenomenon of precariate and labor market disadvantage and how individual insecurity factors affect a person’s presence in the labor market. How the uncertainties in the workplace appear in different regions and social groups by expanding the theoretical framework.According to Standing precariate is typical to low gualified people. But I would like to see if it also typical to highly qualifiled young graduates with favourable conditions.It is possible or worth looking for a way out of the precarious lifestyle (often caused by objective reasons) by combining and using management and education.Are there definite features in the subjective state of health of groups with classic precariate characteristics? Results The research results demonstrate that the precarious characteristics can be extended, they are multi-dimensional.The personal and regional risk factors of labor market exclusion can develop both in different regions and social groups. Precarized groups cannot be connected exclusively to disadvantaged social groups, my research has shown that precarious characteristics may also appear, and the process of precarization may also start among highly qualified people. Precariate is a kind of subjective and collective crisis. Its depth largely depends on the economic environment, the economic and social policy, and the strategy and cultural conditions of the region. The results show, that the subjective health of classical precar groups is worse than the others.

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Oh, Hee-Kyoung, and Hee-Sun Oh. "Subjective Sensation and Objective Body Physiology Responses of Breast Prosthesis in Dry and Wet States among Korean Women without a History of Breast Cancer." In Aceh International Nursing Conference. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0008394100210029.

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Kurtovic, Minela. "KRIVIČNA I PREKRŠAJNA ODGOVORNOST PRAVNIH LICA U PRAVNOM PROMETU 20182018ZBORNICISAVREMENI PRAVNI PROMET I USLUGE." In 14 Majsko savetovanje. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xivmajsko.1113k.

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Over the course of history, the rapid development of the economy and modern civilization, the process of globalization has led to an increase in socially harmful activities of legal entities, which today has become one of the more important problems of society. Companies that have a monopoly of business have become economically stronger than some countries of the world, while on the other hand their undefined legal status, primarily their criminal and misdemeanor liability, creates incalculable adverse consequences. The criminal right of the foundation of criminal responsibility based the principle of the subjective responsibility of a man for the committed criminal act, which as a result was fully accepted by the scientific majority. The next time there are newspapers regarding the introduction of another kind of responsibility based on the principle of consequences and that of objective liability. As one of the forms of objective responsibility is the responsibility of legal persons for criminal offenses, which will be discussed more in this paper. In spite of this, the position of legal entities in the current legislation, criminal offenses and offenses committed in legal transactions, responsibility of legal persons and responsible persons of a legal entity remains a problem are just some of the issues that we will look at in this paper.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Objective and Subjective Status"

Stevenson, Betsey, and Justin Wolfers. Subjective and Objective Indicators of Racial Progress. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w18916.

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Andrabi, Tahir, and Christina Brown. Subjective versus Objective Incentives and Teacher Productivity. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2022/092.

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A central challenge facing firms is how to incentivize employees. While objective, output-based incentives may be theoretically ideal, in practice they may lead employees to reduce effort on non-incentivized outcomes and may fail in settings where effort is weakly tied to output. We study the effect of subjective incentives (manager performance evaluation) and objective incentives (test score-based) relative to no incentives for teachers using an RCT in 230 Pakistani schools. First, we show that subjective and objective incentives both increase test scores and have similar magnitude effects. However, objective incentives decrease non-test score student outcomes relative to subjective incentives. Second, we show that teachers’ effort response is very different under each scheme, with attendance increasing under subjective and teaching quality decreasing under objective. Finally, we rationalize these effects through the lens of a moral hazard model with multi-tasking. We use within-treatment variation to isolate the causal effect of contract noise and distortion and show that these channels explain most of our reduced form effects.

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Larson, Gerald, Robyn M. High-McRoy, Stephanie Booth-Kewley, David Service, Heidi Kraft, Emily A. Schmied, and Robert L. Koffman. Reintegrating Subjective and Objective Aspects of War-Related PTSD. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada620092.

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Uehara, Hiroshi, Hiroshi Isoyama, Hikari Mukai, Yasuo Ishii, Hisami Ohishi, Kiyokazu Ogawa, Toshiharu Sato, et al. Analysis of Correlation Between Subjective and Objective Rating for Idling Sound of Diesel Truck. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, May 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0027.

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DELTA INFORMATION SYSTEMS INC HORSHAM PA. Development of a Video Tape to Correlate Subjective and Objective Testing of Teleconference Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada239566.

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Gydesen, S. Status of document search and data quality objective efforts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10107852.

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Gydesen, S. Status of document search and data quality objective efforts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6992873.

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CONNOLLY, MARIE, AKAKPO DOMEFA KONOU, and MARIE-LOUISE LEROUX. Evaluating the relationship between income, survival and loss of autonomy among older Canadians. CIRANO, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/njrj5247.

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Evaluating the relationship between health at old age and income is crucial for the design of equitable public policies targeted toward the elderly. Using 2016 Canadian survey data on adults aged between 50 and 70, we estimate the relationships between individual income, longevity and dependency at the old age. We use both subjective and objective measures of the probability to survive to age 85, of the probability to have activities of daily living (ADL) limitations, and of the probability of entering a nursing home. We find that income and the (objective and subjective) probability to live to age 85 and over are positively related while income and the (objective and subjective) probability to suffer from ADL limitations are negatively related. We also find that while the objective probability to enter a nursing home is negatively correlated with income, the subjective probability is positively correlated with income. Most of our results are driven by individuals in the highest tercile of the income distribution. Our results are robust to different sensitivity checks.

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Mizrach, Amos, Sydney L. Spahr, Ephraim Maltz, Michael R. Murphy, Zeev Schmilovitch, Jan E. Novakofski, Uri M. Peiper, et al. Ultrasonic Body Condition Measurements for Computerized Dairy Management Systems. United States Department of Agriculture, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568109.bard.

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The body condition (BC) score is recognized in the dairy industry as an essential tool for managing the energy reserves of the dairy cow, which is essential for sustaining optimal and efficient production over several lactations. The current use of BC scoring depends on the accuracy of subjective visual estimates, and this limits its kusefulness as a management aid in the dairy industry. A measuring tool that would frequently provide objective data on the cow's body reserves would be a major contribution to efficient dairy herd management. Ultrasonic sensors have the potential to be developed into an efficient BC measuring device, and the experimental use of such sensors for subcutaneous fat thickness (SDFT) estimates, as an indication for BC in beef cattle, supports this assumption. The purposes of this project were: 1. To compare visual BC scoring and ultrasonic fat thickness with on-line automated body weight (BW) measurements as monitors of nutritional adequacy of dairy cows at various stages of lactation. 2. To determine the effects of variation in digestive fill in early and late lactation on the accuracy of body weight measurements in lactating cows. 3. To modify an existing ultrasonic system and develop a specialized, low-cost sensor for repeatable determination of body condition scores by users with minimal training and skill. 4. To develop a standard for the assignment of body condition scores based on ultrasonic measurements of subdermal fat thickness. The procedure to execute these objectives involved: 1. Frequent measurement of BW, milk yield (MY), BC (visually scored) and subdermal fat thickness ultrasonically measured of dairy cows, and data analysis on average and individual basis. 2. Testing and selection of an appropriate special-purpose sensor, finding an optimum body location for working an ultrasonic measurement, prcessing the signals obtained, and correlating the resulting measurements with performance responses in lactating cows. Linking the ultrasonic signals to BC scores, and developing a BC scoring data acquisition system are the first steps towards fulfilling the necessary requirements for incorporating this device into an existing dairy herd management system, in order to provide the industry with a powerful managment tool. From the results obtained we could conclude that: 1. BC does not correlate with BW changes during all stages of lactation, although in general terms it does. These results were confirmed by individual cow BW and BC data obtained during the course of lactation, that were supported by individual objective ultrasonic measurement of SDFT. 2. BW changes reflect energy metabolism reliably ony after peak milk yield; early in lactation, a decrease in BW expresses mobilization of body reserves only qualitatively, and not quantitatively. 3. Gastrointestinal content increases throughout the whole period during which dry matter intake (DMI) increases. The drastic increase very early in lactation prevents the use of BW changes as a basis for quantitative estimatio of energy meatabolism; at this stage of lactation, konly a BC score or any other direct measurements willl provide a quantitative estimate of energy metabolism. 4. Ultrasonic measurements of subdermal fat thickness can be used to quantify changes that correlate with the actual condition of the cow, as assessed by performance and the traditional way of scoring. 5. To find the best site on the cow's body at which to obtain responses to BC and its changes in the course of lactation, additional sites have to be examined. From the present study, it seems that the sites between ribs 12 and 13 have the potential for this purpose. 6. The use of templates made it easier to repeat measurements at a desired site and spot. However, the convenient easy-to-handle way to standardize the measurement, described in this study, koffers scope for improvement. 7. The RF peak values of the A-mode are better indicators of the location of fat layer borders than image analysis, from the point of view of future commercial development. 8. The distances between the RF peaks of the A-mode can be automatically measured by suitable software, for future commercial development. 9. Proper analysis of daily body weight and milk yield data can provide the necessary information on body condition changes during lactation, until a direct BC measurement device is developed. 10. In any case, at least one visual BC assessment has to be done, preferably immediately after calving, for calibration purposes.

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Clark, Andrew E. Demography and well-being. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/populationyearbook2021.deb02.

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Demography studies the characteristics of populations. One such characteristic is well-being: this was the subject of the 2019 Wittgenstein Conference. Here, I discuss how objective well-being domains can be summarised to produce an overall well-being score, and how taking self-reported (subjective) well-being into account may help in this effort. But given that there is more than one type of subjective well-being score, we would want to know which one is “best”. We would also need to decide whose well-being counts, or counts more than that of others. Finally, I briefly mention the potential role of adaptation and social comparisons in the calculation of societal well-being.

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