Готові списки джерел за темами / Nutrient cycliing

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Nutrient cycliing"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 14 березня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Nutrient cycliing"

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MAHENDRAPPA, M. K., N. W. FOSTER, G. F. WEETMAN, and H. H. KRAUSE. "NUTRIENT CYCLING AND AVAILABILITY IN FOREST SOILS." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 66, no. 4 (November 1, 1986): 547–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss86-056.

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Nutrient availability in different forest soils must be known before increased wood production can be sustained either by adding supplemental nutrients or by judicious silvicultural operations to optimize the linkage between the variable nutrient requirements of forest crops. This is complicated by the variable availability of nutrients on forest sites during crop development. Forest crops unlike agricultural crops have long rotation periods which make it difficult to apply agricultural methods of estimating potentially available nutrients directly to forest soils. Presented in this review are (i) various approaches used in forestry to estimate the nutrient supplying potential of different sites, (ii) factors affecting nutrient availability, and (iii) evidence to suggest that nutrient cycling processes in forest ecosystems are important factors affecting tree growth. It is suggested that data from chemical analyses of soil samples collected at specific times and sites should be used with caution for both practical decision making and simulation modelling purposes. Key words: Nitrogen, phosphorus, litterfall, throughfall, stemflow, mineralization
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Anderson, Wendy B., and William G. Eickmeier. "Nutrient resorption in Claytonia virginica L.: implications for deciduous forest nutrient cycling." Canadian Journal of Botany 78, no. 6 (June 1, 2000): 832–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b00-056.

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According to the vernal dam hypothesis, spring ephemeral herbs temporarily sequester large nutrient pools in deciduous forests prior to canopy closure and return the nutrients to the soil following senescence of aboveground tissues. However, many species resorb nutrients from their leaves back to belowground tissues during senescence, and the degree of resorption is often associated with soil nutrient availability. Species that store large proportions of their absorbed nutrients between years are not participating in the temporary sequestering and rapid recycling of nutrients implied by the vernal dam. We investigated the extent to which Claytonia virginica L. sequestered and returned nutrients to the soil in response to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability. We tested the effect of nutrient availability on nutrient use efficiency, resorption efficiency, and resorption proficiency (% nutrient in senescent leaves) of Claytonia. Nutrient additions significantly decreased N but not P use efficiency of Claytonia, particularly as the growing season progressed. Nutrient additions also significantly reduced N resorption efficiency from 80 to 47% and decreased P resorption efficiency from 86 to 56%. N and P resorption proficiencies were also significantly lower in senesced leaves of fertilized plants: N concentrations were 2.33% when unfertilized and 4.13% when fertilized, while P concentrations were 0.43% when unfertilized versus 0.57% when fertilized. When unfertilized, Claytonia was more efficient at resorption compared with other spring herbs, but similar to other species when fertilized. However, Claytonia was much less proficient in resorbing nutrients than other reported plants, because senescent tissues maintained substantially higher concentrations of N and P, particularly when fertilized. In conclusion, Claytonia, an important spring ephemeral species, exhibits physiological responses that emphasize its role in the vernal dam by its temporary sequestration and substantial, rapid return of nutrients in deciduous forests. Adding nutrients to the site increases the total mass and the relative proportion of nutrients that Claytonia returns to the soil rather than sequestering between seasons, which ultimately increases nutrient recycling rates within the entire system.Key words: Claytonia virginica, nutrient response, resorption efficiency, nutrient cycling, spring ephemerals, vernal dam.
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Rogers, Howard M. "Litterfall, decomposition and nutrient release in a lowland tropical rain forest, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea." Journal of Tropical Ecology 18, no. 3 (March 26, 2002): 449–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467402002304.

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The analysis of litter quantity, litter decomposition and its pattern of nutrient release is important for understanding nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. Plant growth and maintenance are partly met through nutrient cycling (O'Connell & Sankaran 1997) which is dominated by litter production and decomposition. Litter fall is a major process for transferring nutrients from above-ground vegetation to soils (Vitousek & Sanford 1986), while decomposition of litter releases nutrients (Maclean & Wein 1978). The rate at which nutrients are recycled influences the net primary productivity of a forest. Knowledge of these processes from tropical rain forests is relatively poor (O'Connell & Sankaran 1997), and in particular there are no known published studies on nutrient cycling from lowland tropical forests in Papua New Guinea. The few studies from Papua New Guinea are confined to the mid-montane forest zone (Edwards 1977, Edwards & Grubb 1982, Enright 1979, Lawong et al. 1993).
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Anderson, Wendy B., and William G. Eickmeier. "Physiological and morphological responses to shade and nutrient additions of Claytonia virginica (Portulacaceae): implications for the "vernal dam" hypothesis." Canadian Journal of Botany 76, no. 8 (August 1, 1998): 1340–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b98-134.

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Because of their unique phenology and physiology, spring ephemeral herbs are believed to play an important role in intrasystem nutrient cycling in deciduous forest ecosystems. It was hypothesized that they function as a "vernal dam" by temporarily sequestering nutrients and preventing leaching from the system during a period of high nutrient availability. However, spring ephemerals require high-irradiance growing conditions. How do their physiological and morphological responses to ambient light and shade limit their ability to sequester excess nutrients? We performed field experiments using Claytonia virginica L. as a model to test several responses to shade and increasing levels of nutrient additions. We also examined the biomass responses and nutrient storage capacities of other spring ephemeral herbs. In C. virginica, shading reduced ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (Rubisco) activity, photosynthesis rate, specific leaf weight, leaf width/length (W/L), and biomass; nutrient additions increased W/L and biomass only under unshaded conditions. Other herbs responded similarly but reached maximum biomass at lower nutrient addition levels than C. virginica. Shading reduced and nutrient additions increased nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in both C. virginica and other herbs. Shaded herbs generally reached nutrient saturation at lower nutrient addition levels than unshaded herbs. Overall, unshaded plants sequestered larger amounts of nutrients than shaded plants. This pattern is best explained by a reduction in biomass under shaded conditions. We concluded that C. virginica and other spring herbs, although important components in forest nutrient cycling in the early spring, are limited in their capacity to store excess nutrients, particularly when shaded.Key words: Claytonia virginica, nutrient cycling, spring ephemerals, vernal dam.
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Santos, Perlon Maia dos, Antonio Clementino dos Santos, Durval Nolasco das Neves Neto, Wallace Henrique de Oliveira, Luciano Fernandes Sousa, and Leonardo Bernardes Taverny de Oliveira. "Implementation of Silvopastoral Systems under Nutrient Cycling in Secondary Vegetation in the Amazon." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 4 (March 5, 2018): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n4p124.

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Silvopastoral systems can be implemented in idle secondary forests; however, they may affect nutrient cycling in these ecosystems. This farming practice using babassu palms (Attalea speciosa Mart.) and Mombasa grass (Panicum maximum Jacq.) has been little studied, and the nutrient cycling occurred during this practice is yet unknown. The goal of this paper was to detect the leaf litter accumulation, decomposition, and nutrient release occurring in silvopastoral systems in a babassu secondary forest, and compared the results with those of a native forest and of a pasture grown under full sunlight. The data relating to deposition, chemical composition, decomposition, and macronutrient release of leaf litter and pasture litter were evaluated by multivariate analyses. The results showed that forest thinning reduced leaf litter deposition and overall nutrient cycling but had no effect on decomposition rates. Conversely, the presence of grass in the understory promoted increased overall nutrient cycling rates. The cycling in integrated systems occurs more similar to that of forests than that of monocultures. The greater the thinning intensity the more similar the cycling will be relative to that occurring in pastures and in monocultures. The nutrients Ca, Mg, and N were the most affected by thinning. Moreover, the presence of grass in integrated systems provided an increased N and Mg cycling, whereas the thinning reduced Ca cycling. K showed the highest release and return ratio to the soil. Lastly, leaf litter from pasture areas showed higher contents of nutrients, decomposition rates, as well as an enhanced nutrient cycling capacity.
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Saravanan, S., C. Buvaneswaran, P. Manivachagam, K. Rajagopal, and M. George. "Nutrient cycling in Casuarina (Casuarina equisetifolia) based agroforestry system." Indian Journal of Forestry 35, no. 2 (June 1, 2012): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2012-apbnt4.

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The present report gives an account of the results of research carried out on litter production, accumulation and nutrient return through rainfall, stem flow, throughfall and interception to soil litter fall, under Casuarina-Black Gram Agroforestry Models (age 4 years, density 650 trees/ha). It was found that of the total rainfall (497.9 mm) 1.2% was recorded as stem flow and 80% as throughfall while the interception accounted for 19 %. It is found that on an average annual basis, of the total uptake of various nutrients was retained in the non-photosynthetic biomass and the rest returned to soil. These results show that among the nutrients, maximum annual retention was accounted for potassium while, the minimum for nitrogen. This paper deals the nutrient accumulation in standing crop, nutrient concentration and return, rainfall interception, nutrient concentration in rain wash, nutrient return through rain wash and Nutrient retained, returned and uptake (kg/ha/yr) in Casuarina under Agroforestry System in detail.
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Murbach, Marcos Roberto, Antonio Enedi Boaretto, Takashi Muraoka, and Euclides Caxambu Alexandrino de Souza. "Nutrient cycling in a RRIM 600 clone rubber plantation." Scientia Agricola 60, no. 2 (2003): 353–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162003000200021.

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Few reports have been presented on nutrient cycling in rubber tree plantations (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.). This experiment was carried out to evaluate: the effect of K rates on the amount of nutrients transfered to the soil in a 13-year old Hevea brasilensis RRIM 600 clone plantation, nutrient retranslocation from the leaves before falling to the soil, and nutrient loss by dry rubber export. The experiment started in 1998 and potassium was applied at the rates of 0, 40, 80 and 160 kg ha-1 of K2O under the crowns of 40 rubber trees of each plot. Literfall collectors, five per plot, were randomly distributed within the plots under the trees. The accumulated literfall was collected monthly during one year. The coagulated rubber latex from each plot was weighed, and samples were analyzed for nutrient content. Increasing K fertilization rates also increased the K content in leaf literfall. Calcium and N were the most recycled leaf nutrients to the soil via litterfall. Potassium, followed by P were the nutrients with the highest retranslocation rates. Potassium was the most exported nutrient by the harvested rubber, and this amount was higher than that transfered to the soil by the leaf literfall.
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Knops, J. M. H., T. H. Nash Iii, V. L. Boucher, and W. H. Schlesinger. "Mineral Cycling and Epiphytic Lichens: Implications at the Ecosystem Level." Lichenologist 23, no. 3 (July 1991): 309–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282991000452.

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AbstractThe nutrient contribution of lichens as litterfall in forests is discussed for a number of different ecosystems and it is hypothesized that lichens are important in capturing nutrients from wet deposition, occult precipitation, sedimentation, impaction and gaseous uptake. Most nutrients captured by these processes represent new nutrient inputs that would otherwise not be intercepted by the ecosystem. Part of these nutrients will be incorporated into lichen biomass and only become available upon death and decomposition, but a portion will be leached by precipitation and become deposited on the soil surface. Although quantifying nutrient sources, fluxes and pool sizes is a potentially complex task, we describe a simplified approach for determining whether lichens significantly affect the mineral cycling of a forest. Preliminary results for an oak woodland in California document that epiphytic lichens may reduce throughfall and alter throughfall chemistry.
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Pihlblad, Johanna, Louise C. Andresen, Catriona A. Macdonald, David S. Ellsworth, and Yolima Carrillo. "The influence of elevated CO2 and soil depth on rhizosphere activity and nutrient availability in a mature Eucalyptus woodland." Biogeosciences 20, no. 3 (February 2, 2023): 505–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-505-2023.

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Abstract. Elevated carbon dioxide (eCO2) in the atmosphere increases forest biomass productivity but only where soil nutrients, particularly nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), are not limiting growth. eCO2, in turn, can impact rhizosphere nutrient availability. Our current understanding of nutrient cycling under eCO2 is mainly derived from surface soil, leaving mechanisms of the impact of eCO2 on rhizosphere nutrient availability at deeper depths unexplored. To investigate the influence of eCO2 on nutrient availability in soil at depth, we studied various C, N, and P pools (extractable, microbial biomass, total soil C and N, and mineral-associated P) and nutrient cycling processes (enzyme activity and gross N mineralisation) associated with C, N, and P cycling in both bulk and rhizosphere soil at different depths at the Free Air CO2 enrichment facility in a native Australian mature Eucalyptus woodland (EucFACE) on a nutrient-poor soil. We found decreasing nutrient availability and gross N mineralisation with depth; however, this depth-associated decrease was reduced under eCO2, which we suggest is due to enhanced root influence. Increases in available PO43-, adsorbed P, and the C : N and C : P ratio of enzyme activity with depth were observed. We conclude that the influences of roots and of eCO2 can affect available nutrient pools and processes well beyond the surface soil of a mature forest ecosystem. Our findings indicate a faster recycling of nutrients in the rhizosphere, rather than additional nutrients becoming available through soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition. If the plant growth response to eCO2 is reduced by the constraints of nutrient limitations, then the current results would call to question the potential for mature tree ecosystems to fix more C as biomass in response to eCO2. Future studies should address how accessible the available nutrients at depth are to deeply rooted plants and if fast recycling of nutrients is a meaningful contribution to biomass production and the accumulation of soil C in response to eCO2.
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Cai, Zhi-quan, and Frans Bongers. "Contrasting nitrogen and phosphorus resorption efficiencies in trees and lianas from a tropical montane rain forest in Xishuangbanna, south-west China." Journal of Tropical Ecology 23, no. 1 (January 2007): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467406003750.

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Tropical montane rain forest is widely considered to be a highly threatened hotspot of global diversity (Brummitt & Nic Lughadha 2003), and one of the least understood humid tropical forest ecosystems in terms of nutrient cycling (Bruijnzeel & Proctor 1995). There is, therefore, an urgent need to improve our understanding of nutrient cycling processes in this ecosystem, including the absorption of nutrients (mainly N and P) from senescing leaves, which may be a key component of adaptive mechanisms that conserve limiting nutrients (Killingbeck 1996). Nutrients which are not resorbed, however, will be circulated through litterfall in the longer term (Aerts 1996). The degree of nutrient resorption affects litter quality, which consequently affects decomposition rates and soil nutrient availability (Aerts & Chapin 2000). The importance of resorption in nutrient conservation has led to general hypotheses that species adapted to nutrient-poor environments have high resorption efficiencies (Richardson et al. 2005), and that low leaf nutrient concentrations are associated with high resorption efficiencies within species (Aerts 1996, Kobe et al. 2005). Nutrient resorption has also been shown not to differ greatly between growth forms (e.g. shrubs, grasses, forbs and trees) (Aerts 1996). However, its relative importance among plant functional groups is still highly controversial (Richardson et al. 2005).
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Nutrient cycliing"

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Ngai, Zoology. "Trophic effects on nutrient cycling." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2851.

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The top-down effects of consumers and bottom-up effects of resource availability are important in determining community structure and ecological processes. I experimentally examined the roles of consumers — both detritivores and predators — and habitat context in affecting nutrient cycling using the detritus-based insect community in bromeliad leaf wells. I also investigated the role of multiple resources in limiting plant productivity using meta analyses. The insect community in bromeliads only increased nitrogen release from leaf detritus in the presence of a predator trophic level. When only detritivores were present, the flow of stable isotope-labeled nitrogen from detritus to bromeliads was statistically indistinguishable from that in bromeliads lacking insects. I suggest that emergence of adult detritivores constitutes a loss of nitrogen from bromeliad ecosystems, and that predation reduces the rate of this nutrient loss. Hence, insects facilitate nutrient uptake by the plant, but only if both predators and detritivores are present. Moreover, predators can affect nutrient cycling by influencing the spatial scale of prey turnover. This mechanism results in a pattern opposite to that predicted by classic trophic cascade theory. Increasing habitat complexity can have implications for nutrient cycling by decreasing the foraging efficiency of both predators and their prey, and by affecting the vulnerability of predators to intraguild predation. Along a natural gradient in bromeliad size, I found that, depending on the relationship between community composition and habitat size, habitat complexity interacts with the changing biotic community to either complement or counteract the impact of predators on nutrient uptake by bromeliads. In contrast to the existing emphasis on single-resource limitation of primary productivity, meta-analyses of a database of 653 studies revealed widespread limitation by multiple resources, and frequent interaction between these resources in restricting plant growth. A framework for analyzing fertilization studies is outlined, with explicit consideration of the possible role of multiple resources. I also review a range of mechanisms responsible for the various forms of resource limitation that are observed in fertilization experiments. These studies emphasize that a wider range of predator and nutrient impacts should be considered, beyond the paradigm of single resource limitation or classic trophic cascades.
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2

McManamay, Ryan A. "The effect of resource stoichiometry on fish and macroinvertebrate nutrient excretion." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30780.

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Consumer-driven nutrient cycling has been shown to be an important process in supplying inorganic nutrients to autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms in aquatic ecosystems. Theory indicates that consumer nutrient excretion is influenced primarily by an organismâ s nutrient composition; however, an organismâ s diet should also play an important role in nutrient excretion, especially if the consumer is nutrient limited. This study asks the question, how does diet influence nutrient excretion of consumers at different trophic levels? Macroinvertebrates and fish were collected from six streams and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) excretion were quantified. Epilithon, leaf detritus, and seston (fine particulate organic matter in transport) were collected and analyzed for carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) content in an attempt to qualitatively assess the nutritional status of the diet of primary consumers. Macroinvertebrates were also analyzed for C, N, and P content to assess their nutritional composition in relation to their excretion and also to assess the nutritional composition of the diet of predatory insects and fish. Fish were also analyzed for C, N, and P.

Similar to theoretical predictions, fish and macroinvertebrate P excretion was negatively related to P content and the N:P excretion ratio was negatively related to the body N:P ratio. However, this relationship was driven primarily by two phosphorus rich species, mottled sculpin in the fish and crayfish in the macroinvertebrates. Some relationships did emerge between consumer excretion and diet. For example, hydropsychid caddisflies had the highest macroinvertebrate P excretion, possibly explained by the low N:P of seston. However, shredders, eating on a very low N and P diet of leaf detritus, had very low N and P excretion.

The relationship between consumers, their food, and nutrient excretion is a matter of mass balance. If the food N:P ratio is higher than that of the consumer, then the N:P excretion should be higher than the consumer N:P and the food N:P, especially if organisms are P-limited. However, N:P excretion by macroinvertebrates and fish were very similar despite large differences in diet. The majority of macroinvertebrates and fish had a lower N:P excretion ratio than the predicted N:P of their food, possibly indicating that 1) consumers were either selectively consuming more P-rich foods than the diets that I assigned them or 2) consumers are generally not N or P limited or influenced by the N or P in their diet. Mottled sculpin and crayfish were the only organisms with a higher N:P excretion than their resources and both had a higher %P than the other fish and macroinvertebrates, respectively. High N:P excretion along with high phosphorus content is indicative of P-limitation. Macroinvertebrates and fish, excluding mottled sculpin and crayfish, had a lower N:P excretion and the N:P ratio of the water column. If consumers do play a role in nutrient dynamics, then consumers could alter the relative abundance of nitrogen and phosphorus by supplying more phosphorus. However, the presence of a P-limited organism, such as mottled sclupin or crayfish, could alter the relative abundance of nitrogen and phosphorus by supplying less phosphorus.
Master of Science

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3

NASCIMENTO, Sandra Maria do. "Distribuição, exportação e ciclagem de nutrientes minerais em Cupiúva (Tapirira guianensis Aubl.), em um fragmento manejado de mata atlântica no município de Goiana - PE." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2006. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/5114.

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Submitted by Mario BC (mario@bc.ufrpe.br) on 2016-07-28T16:39:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Sandra Maria do Nascimento.pdf: 553060 bytes, checksum: af162526240a5bf78aa1ac5c4f3cbba7 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-28T16:39:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sandra Maria do Nascimento.pdf: 553060 bytes, checksum: af162526240a5bf78aa1ac5c4f3cbba7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-31
The Atlantic rainforest is one of the richest biomasses of the planet in terms of biodiversity, but has been compromised by considerable anthropogenic action. The present study investigated a managed fragment of the Atlantic rainforest in the city of Goiana, PE, Brazil, on the Megaó farmland, with the aim of evaluating the distribution and exportation of mineral nutrients in Tapirira guianensis Aulb. (cupiúva), a perennial, pioneering halophyte species belonging to the family Anacardiaceae. Analysis of the mineral nutrients in the vegetal biomass and litter was carried out at the Mineral Nutrition of Plant Laboratory (Chemistry Department) and the Soil Chemistry Laboratory (Agronomy Department); soil analysis was carried out at the Soil Physics and Soil Fertility Laboratories (Agronomy Department) of the Rural Federal University of Pernambuco. Macronutrient (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S) and micronutrient (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn) determinations were performed on the leaves, branches, bark and trunk. Pre-dried samples were submitted to nitro-perchloric digestion, with the exception of N, for which sulfuric digestion was performed. Colorimetry was used for the analytic determination of P, whereas turbidimetry was used for S; K was assessed using the flame photometric technique, and the Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn contents were determined by the atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. N concentration was determined by the Kjeldahl method. Results were submitted to variance analysis and the averages were compared through the Tukey test at 5 % probability. The concentration of nutrients in the Tapirira guianensis Aulb. biomass obeyed the following order: leaves>bark>branches>trunk. The distribution of macronutrients in the leaves, bark and branch were distributed in N>Ca>Mg>K>S>P, and in the trunk in N>Ca>S>P>Mg>K. Micronutrients followed the distribution sequence for all arboreal components: Fe>Zn>Mn. The leaves presented a greater accumulation of nutrients, despite their biomass being smaller than the remaining components. Leaf maintenance is therefore important in the management area, thereby ensuring the cycling of nutrients through litter and the adequate maintenance of the management area. The total of exported nutrients was 71 % at the time of the cutting of the tree when the trunk, bark and branches are removed from the site, which could compromise the sustainability of the site.
A mata Atlântica é um dos biomas mais ricos em biodiversidade do planeta, diversidade esta que se encontra comprometida por causa da forte ação antrópica, que entre outros problemas, produz a degradação do solo. O presente trabalho teve como área de estudo um fragmento manejado de mata Atlântica no município de Goiana – PE, na fazenda Megaó. O objetivo foi avaliar a distribuição e exportação de nutrientes minerais em Tapirira guianensis Aulb. (cupiúva), espécie perenifólia, pioneira, e heliófita, pertencente à família Anacardiaceae. As análises dos nutrientes minerais na biomassa vegetal e na serrapilheira foram realizadas no Laboratório de Nutrição Mineral de Plantas (Departamento de Química) e no Laboratório de Química do Solo (Departamento de Agronomia), e as análises do solo foram realizadas nos Laboratórios de Física do solo e Fertilidade do Solo (Departamento de Agronomia), da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. As determinações dos macronutrientes (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S) e micronutrientes (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn), foram realizadas nas folhas, galhos, casca e fuste. As amostras pré-secas foram submetidas à digestão nitroperclórica, com exceção do N, onde foi feita a digestão sulfúrica. A determinação analítica de P se deu por colorimetria e S por turbidimetria; K, foi avaliado através da técnica de fotometria de chama e os teores de Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn foram determinados pelo método de espectrofotometria de absorção atômica. Os teores de N foram determinados pelo método de Kjeldahl. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5 % de probabilidade. A concentração de nutrientes na biomassa da cupiúva obedeceu a seguinte ordem folhas>casca>galhos>fuste. A distribuição de macronutrientes nas folhas, casca e galho foi distribuídos em N>Ca>Mg>K>S>P e no fuste foi N>Ca>S>P>Mg>K. Os micronutrientes seguiram a seqüência de distribuição para todos os componentes arbóreos Fe>Zn>Mn. As folhas apresentaram maior concentração de nutrientes, apesar de sua biomassa ser menor que os outros componentes, sendo assim importante sua manutenção na área de manejo, garantindo a ciclagem de nutrientes via serrapilheira e a boa manutenção da área de manejo. O total de nutrientes exportados no momento do corte da árvore, em que são retirados o fuste, a casca e os galhos do sítio, é de 71 %, o que representa uma grande perda no total de nutrientes da área de manejo, e pode comprometer a sustentabilidade do sítio.
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4

Barthelemy, Hélène. "Herbivores influence nutrient cycling and plant nutrient uptake : insights from tundra ecosystems." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-120191.

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Reindeer appear to have strong positive effects on plant productivity and nutrient cycling in strongly nutrient-limited ecosystems. While the direct effects of grazing on vegetation composition have been intensively studied, much less is known about the indirect effect of grazing on plant-soil interactions. This thesis investigated the indirect effects of ungulate grazing on arctic plant communities via soil nutrient availability and plant nutrient uptake. At high density, the deposition of dung alone increased plant productivity both in nutrient rich and nutrient poor tundra habitats without causing major changes in soil possesses. Plant community responses to dung addition was slow, with a delay of at least some years. By contrast, a 15N-urea tracer study revealed that nutrients from reindeer urine could be rapidly incorporated into arctic plant tissues. Soil and microbial N pools only sequestered small proportions of the tracer. This thesis therefore suggests a strong effect of dung and urine on plant productivity by directly providing nutrient-rich resources, rather than by stimulating soil microbial activities, N mineralization and ultimately increasing soil nutrient availability. Further, defoliation alone did not induce compensatory growth, but resulted in plants with higher nutrient contents. This grazing-induced increase in plant quality could drive the high N cycling in arctic secondary grasslands by providing litter of a better quality to the belowground system and thus increase organic matter decomposition and enhance soil nutrient availability. Finally, a 15N natural abundance study revealed that intense reindeer grazing influences how plants are taking up their nutrients and thus decreased plant N partitioning among coexisting plant species. Taken together these results demonstrate the central role of dung and urine and grazing-induced changes in plant quality for plant productivity. Soil nutrient concentrations alone do not reveal nutrient availability for plants since reindeer have a strong influence on how plants are taking up their nutrients. This thesis highlights that both direct and indirect effects of reindeer grazing are strong determinants of tundra ecosystem functioning. Therefore, their complex influence on the aboveground and belowground linkages should be integrated in future work on tundra ecosystem N dynamic.
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Galli, Corina Verónica Sidagis. "Análise da função de uma várzea na ciclagem de nitrogênio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18139/tde-17022016-130159/.

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Para identificar a influência de uma área de várzea do ribeirão do Feijão (São Carlos-SP) sobre a ciclagem de nitrogênio e sobre a qualidade da água superficial e subsuperficial, foram analisadas as características físicas e químicas da água e determinadas as taxas de nitrificação e desnitrificação dos sedimentos da várzea. A maior concentração dos compostos nitrogenados foi observada na água de interface subsuperficial da várzea, região mais ativa em termos de fluxos de água e materiais. As taxas de nitrificação variaram de 0,145 a 0,068 μmol N-NO3-.g-1.dia-1 e a rota metabólica predominante foi a autotrófica, na qual as bactérias utilizaram amônio como substrato. As taxas de desnitrificação tiveram um valor médio de 0,0081 nmol N2O.g-1.dia-1. Mediante um modelo de estimativa foi calculado que 70% da água que circula no Ribeirão do Feijão provém do lençol que flui sob terras secas e o restante das áreas de várzea da bacia. Foi observado que existe uma considerável redução das concentrações dos compostos nitrogenados, principalmente do amônio, desde as zonas ripárias mais distantes do curso do rio até o canal, passando pela área de várzea. O funcionamento da várzea como sistema de filtro e depuração das águas subsuperficiais que alimentam o rio foi evidenciada pelas características físicas e químicas da água do rio em relação ao uso do solo na bacia.
In order to identify the influence of a floodplain area of the Feijão stream (São Carlos-SP) on surface and subsurface water quality, the physical and chemical characteristics of the water were analyzed and the floodplain sediment\'s nitrification and denitrification rates were determined. The highest concentration of nitrogen compounds was observed at the floodplain\'s subsurface water interface it being the most active region with respect to water and solute flow. Nitrification rates varied between 0.145 and 0.068 μmol N-NO3-.g-1.day-1 and the autotrophic metabolic route dominated, in which bacteria use ammonia as a substrate. Denitrification rate average was 0.0081 nmol N2O.g-1.day-1. Through a model it was estimated that 70% of the water flowing in the Feijão stream came from the water table flowing under dry land, the remainder coming from the floodplain of the area. A significant reduction of nitrogen compound concentration, mainly ammonium, was observed between the more distant riparian zones and the river\'s channel going through the floodplain. The floodplain\'s action as a filtering system for the water reaching the river was brought out through the physical and chemical characteristics of the river water relative to land use in the catchment area.
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Pimentel, Tania Pena. "Dinâmica do carbono em uma microbacia no extremo leste da Amazônia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/91/91131/tde-01082016-175320/.

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O presente estudo objetiva avaliar os mecanismos de transferência de carbono entre os compartimentos atmosfera, vegetação, solo e igarapé em uma microbacia da Amazônia Ocidental. Dois igarapés drenandos, respectivamente, 2927 e 66,73 ha de floresta de terra firme, foram monitorados durante um ano. A área de estudo se encontra na zona de amortecimento de uma Unidade de Conservação de Uso Sustentável denominada Floresta Estadual do Amapá (FLOTA/AP), na região central do estado de mesmo nome. Foram coletadas as águas da chuva, da precipitação interna da floresta, do escoamento de água pelo tronco, do escoamento superficial pelo solo, da solução do solo, da água subterrânea e da água do igarapé. Os solos também foram investigados em relação a suas características físico-químicas. Para calcular a entrada e saída de C do sistema, foram determinadas as concentrações do carbono orgânico e inorgânico dissolvido (COD e CID, respectivamente) na água da chuva e do igarapé, em 16 eventos de chuva. As concentrações médias de COD na água da chuva foram de 1,6± 1,52 mg L-1, resultando em um aporte de 11,43 Kg C ha-1 ano-1. Na precipitação interna os valores médios observados foram de 9,1 ± 5,99 mg L-1, o que corresponde a um fluxo de 100,71 Kg C ha-1 ano-1. No escoamento do tronco, os valores médios observados foram de 17,4 ± 8,03 mg L-1 e no escoamento superficial do solo de 14,2 ± 6,4 mg L-1. Nos compartimentos amostrados abaixo do solo, solução do solo e água do lençol, as concentrações de COD foram relativamente mais baixas. A saída de COD pelo igarapé, os fluxos foram de 0,45 Kg C ha-1 ano-1. Em relação às concentrações de CID, o aporte pela água da chuva foi de 3,66 Kg C ha-1 ano-1, passando a 10,10 Kg C ha-1 ano-1 na precipitação interna e com uma saída pelo igarapé de 0,07 Kg C ha-1 ano-1. Os resultados mostram grande variabilidade espaço-temporal e retenção de C pelo sistema, seja na fase orgânica (COD) ou inorgânica (CID), demonstrando a importância destes processos para a compreensão do funcionamento destes ecossistemas.
This study aims to evaluate carbon transfer mechanisms between the atmosphere, vegetation, soil and stream in a microbasin of eastern Amazon. Two streams, draining respectively 2917 and 66.73 ha of \"terra firme\" forests were monitored during one year. The study area is located in a Conservation Unit named Amapá State Forest (FLOTA/AP), in the central region of the Amapá State. We sample rain water, throughfall, stemflow, soil surface flow, soil solution, groundwater and stream water. Physico-chemical characteristics of soils were also evaluated. To calculate inputs and outputs of C in this system, we determined the concentrations of dissolved organic and inorganic carbon (DOC and DIC, respectively) in rain and stream water during 16 rain events. Average concentrations of DOC in rain water were 1.6± 1.52 mg L-1, resulting in an input of 11.43 Kg C ha-1 year-1. Throughfall had average concentrations of 9.1 ± 5.99 mg L-1, which increased inputs to 100.71 Kg C ha-1 year-1. Stemflow had average concentrations of 17.4 ± 8.03 mg L-1 while those of soil surface flow were 14.2 ± 6.4 mg L-1. Bellow ground DOC concentrations were relatively lower. The export of DOC in stream water was 0.45 Kg C ha-1 year-1. In relation to DIC, the input from rain water was 3.66 Kg C ha-1 year-1, increasing to 10.10 Kg C ha-1 year-1 in throughfall and exiting the micro basin through the stream with a flux of 0.07 Kg C ha-1 year-1. The results show large spatiotemporal variations and C retention within the system, either in the organic (DOC) or inorganic (DIC) phases, showing the importance of these processes for the comprehension of the functioning of these ecosystems.
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7

Heggenstaller, Andrew Howard. "Productivity and nutrient cycling in bioenergy cropping systems." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.

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8

Lammers, Peter J. "Energy and nutrient cycling in pig production systems." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2009.

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9

Jabro, Nicholas Berman. "Microcosm studies of nutrient cycling in Bahamian stromatolites." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8594.

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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.
Thesis research directed by: Marine, Estuarine, Environmental Sciences Graduate Program. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Langi, Martina Agustina. "Nutrient cycling in tropical plantations and secondary rainforests /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16357.pdf.

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Книги з теми "Nutrient cycliing"

1

G, Paoletti M., Foissner Wilhelm, and Coleman David C. 1938-, eds. Soil biota, nutrient cycling, and farming systems. Boca Raton: Lewis Publishers, 1993.

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Marschner, Petra, and Zdenko Rengel, eds. Nutrient Cycling in Terrestrial Ecosystems. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68027-7.

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3

Petra, Marschner, and Rengel Zdenko, eds. Nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. Berlin: Springer, 2007.

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4

Jorgensen, Jacques R. Foresters' primer in nutrient cycling. Asheville, N.C: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1986.

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Jorgensen, Jacques R. Foresters' primer in nutrient cycling. Asheville, N.C: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1986.

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6

Johnson, Dale W., and Steven E. Lindberg, eds. Atmospheric Deposition and Forest Nutrient Cycling. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2806-6.

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7

CEC/IUFRO Symposium--Nutrient Uptake and Cycling in Forest Ecosystems (1993 Halmstad, Sweden). Nutrient uptake and cycling in forest ecosystems: Proceedings of the CEC/IUFRO Symposium Nutrient Uptake and Cycling in Forest Ecosystems, Halmstad, Sweden, June, 7-10, 1993. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 1995.

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8

DeAngelis, D. L. Dynamics of Nutrient Cycling and Food Webs. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2342-6.

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9

Nilsson, L. O., R. F. Hüttl, and U. T. Johansson, eds. Nutrient Uptake and Cycling in Forest Ecosystems. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0455-5.

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Dynamics of nutrient cycling and food webs. London: Chapman & Hall, 1992.

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Частини книг з теми "Nutrient cycliing"

1

Eck, Mathilde, Oliver Körner, and M. Haïssam Jijakli. "Nutrient Cycling in Aquaponics Systems." In Aquaponics Food Production Systems, 231–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15943-6_9.

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AbstractIn aquaponics, nutrients originate mainly from the fish feed and water inputs in the system. A substantial part of the feed is ingested by the fish and either used for growth and metabolism or excreted as soluble and solid faeces, while the rest of any uneaten feed decays in the tanks. While the soluble excretions are readily available for the plants, the solid faeces need to be mineralised by microorganisms in order for its nutrient content to be available for plant uptake. It is thus more challenging to control the available nutrient concentrations in aquaponics than in hydroponics. Furthermore, many factors, amongst others pH, temperature and light intensity, influence the nutrient availability and plant uptake. Until today, most studies have focused on the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles. However, to ensure good crop yields, it is necessary to provide the plants with sufficient levels of all key nutrients. It is therefore essential to better understand and control nutrient cycles in aquaponics.
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Capinera, John L., Marjorie A. Hoy, Paul W. Paré, Mohamed A. Farag, John T. Trumble, Murray B. Isman, Byron J. Adams, et al. "Nutrient Cycling." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2646. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_2275.

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Boyd, Claude E. "Nutrient Cycling." In Aquaculture Pond Fertilization, 1–21. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118329443.ch1.

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4

Chapin, F. Stuart, Pamela A. Matson, and Peter M. Vitousek. "Nutrient Cycling." In Principles of Terrestrial Ecosystem Ecology, 259–96. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9504-9_9.

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Newell, Silvia E., Steven W. Wilhelm, and Mark J. McCarthy. "Nutrient Cycling." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 1–7. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_5412-1.

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DeAngelis, D. L. "Nutrients and autotrophs: variable internal nutrient levels." In Dynamics of Nutrient Cycling and Food Webs, 63–80. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2342-6_4.

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7

van Breemen, Nico. "Nutrient cycling strategies." In Nutrient Uptake and Cycling in Forest Ecosystems, 321–26. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0455-5_37.

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8

Johnson, D. W., and G. S. Henderson. "Terrestrial Nutrient Cycling." In Analysis of Biogeochemical Cycling Processes in Walker Branch Watershed, 233–300. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3512-5_7.

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Escarré, Antoni, Ferran Rodà, Jaume Terradas, and Xavier Mayor. "Nutrient Distribution and Cycling." In Ecological Studies, 253–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58618-7_18.

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Everard, Mark. "Nutrient Cycling in Wetlands." In The Wetland Book, 1–4. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6172-8_256-2.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Nutrient cycliing"

1

Smith, Brett, Michael Kipp, Eva E. Stüeken, and Roger Buick. "NUTRIENT CYCLING IN THE PHOSPHORIA SEA." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-304043.

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Valek, Rachel Ann, Emily Sara Walmer, Cristian Alun Dorrett, Kaylee Brook Tanner, Anna Catherine Cardall, Gustavious Williams, and Woodruff Miller. "Utah Lake Nutrient Cycling Studies: Limnocorral Usage and Experiments." In 2022 Intermountain Engineering, Technology and Computing (IETC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ietc54973.2022.9796864.

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3

Singer, Jeremy W., Cynthia A. Cambardella, and Thomas B. Moorman. "Coupling Manure Injection with Cover Crops to Enhance Nutrient Cycling." In Proceedings of the 19th Annual Integrated Crop Management Conference. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/icm-180809-905.

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4

Wang, Xun, Xiangkun Zhu, and Kan Zhang. "Biogeochemical Cycling of Nutrient Elements Following the Early Mesoproterozoic Oxygenation Event." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.2786.

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5

Meyer, Bryce L., and Nicholas S. Shepherd. "Nutrient Balance and Nitrogen Cycling In a Multistage, Multispecies Space Farm." In AIAA SPACE 2016. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2016-5586.

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Widga, Chris, Shawn Haugrud, Blaine Schubert, Steven C. Wallace, Brian Compton, and Jim Mead. "MASTODONS, VERTEBRATE TAPHONOMY AND NUTRIENT CYCLING AT THE GRAY FOSSIL SITE." In 67th Annual Southeastern GSA Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018se-311962.

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Burgess, Sarah A., Lee J. Florea, Tracy D. Branam, and Meryem Ben Farhat. "CARBON AND NUTRIENT CYCLING IN SOUTH-CENTRAL INDIANA KARST: PRELIMINARY RESULTS." In GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-339593.

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Ronnie W Schnell, Donald M Vietor, Richard H White, Clyde L Munster, and Tony L Provin. "Cycling of Biosolids through Turfgrass Sod Prevents Sediment and Nutrient Loss." In Watershed Management to Meet Water Quality Standards and TMDLS (Total Maximum Daily Load) Proceedings of the 10-14 March 2007, San Antonio, Texas. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.22463.

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Sun, Xiaole, Christoph Humborg, Carl-Magnus Mörth, and Volker Brüchert. "The Critical Role of Sediment Nutrient Cycling for the Nutrient Budget of the Laptev and East Siberian Shelf Sea." In Goldschmidt2021. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2021.6803.

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Margalef Marti, Rosanna, Mathieu Sebilo, Aubin Thibault de Chanvalon, Ivan Gonzalez Alvarez, Camille Mazière, Maximilien Guibert, Emmanuel Tessier, Béatrice Lauga, and David Amouroux. "Biogeochemical interactions between iron and nutrient cycling in a saline inland lake." In Goldschmidt2021. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7185/gold2021.7419.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Nutrient cycliing"

1

Peter A. Pryfogle. Nutrient Cycling Study. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/966178.

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2

Coale, Kenneth H., and Kenneth S. Johnson. Trace Metal and Nutrient Cycling in San Francisco Bay. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada629376.

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3

Jorgensen, Jacques R., and Carol G. Wells. A Loblolly Pine Management Guide: Foresters' Primer in Nutrient Cycling. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/se-gtr-37.

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4

McLaughlin, S. B., C. T. Garten, and S. D. Wullschleger. Effects of acidic deposition on nutrient uptake, nutrient cycling and growth processes of vegetation in the spruce-fir ecosystem. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/451240.

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Fisher, Joshua, Richard Phillips, and Tom Evans. Nutrient Cycle Impacts on Forest Ecosystem Carbon Cycling: Improved Prediction of Climate Feedbacks from Coupled C–Nutrient Dynamics from Ecosystem to Regional Scales. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1377633.

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Bravo, F., J. Grant, and J. Barrell. Benthic habitat mapping and sediment nutrient cycling in a shallow coastal environment of Nova Scotia, Canada. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/305422.

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Finsterle, Stefan, Michael Kowalsky, and Bhavna Arora. Developing an Automated Uncertainty Quantification Tool to Improve Watershed-Scale Predictions of Water and Nutrient Cycling. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1837753.

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Finsterle, Stefan, and Bhavna Arora. Developing an Automated Uncertainty Quantification Tool to Improve Watershed-Scale Predictions of Water and Nutrient Cycling. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1506118.

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Cseke, Leland. Nutrient cycling for biomass: Interactive proteomic/transcriptomic networks for global carbon management processes within poplar-mycorrhizal interactions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1325004.

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Benninger, L. K. Carbon cycling on the continental margin: Evidence from sediment {sup 14}C and nutrient elements. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/764715.

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