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Статті в журналах з теми "Non-ischaemic"

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CHRYSOHOOU, Christina, Michael GREENBERG, and Christodoulos STEFANIDIS. "Non-invasive Methods in Differentiating Ischaemic from Non-ischaemic Cardiomyopathy." Acta Cardiologica 61, no. 4 (August 1, 2006): 454–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/ac.61.4.2017308.

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Janse, M. J. "Catecholamines in the non-ischaemic and ischaemic myocardium." International Journal of Cardiology 10, no. 1 (January 1986): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-5273(86)90171-3.

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3

Garcia-Escrig, M., A. Perez-Sempere, L. Calandre, F. Villaverde, M. de la Fuente, and E. Claveria. "Non-ischaemic causes of transient ischaemic attacks and minor strokes." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 57, no. 5 (May 1, 1994): 659–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.57.5.659-b.

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Palmer, H. E., K. M. Jurd, B. J. Hunt, A. G. Zaman, M. R. Stanford, M. D. Sanders, and E. M. Graham. "Thrombophilic factors in ischaemic and non-ischaemic idiopathic retinal vasculitis." Eye 9, no. 4 (July 1995): 507–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/eye.1995.116.

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Lindop, G. "Non-atherosclerotic Ischaemic Heart Disease." Histopathology 16, no. 3 (March 1990): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1990.tb01125.x.

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Milenkovic, U., A. Cocci, R. Veeratterapillay, K. Dimitropoulos, L. Boeri, P. Capogrosso, N. C. Cilesiz, et al. "Surgical treatment in ischaemic and non-ischaemic priapism: A systematic review." European Urology 79 (June 2021): S684—S685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0302-2838(21)00878-2.

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Jackson, E., N. Bellenger, M. Seddon, S. Harden, and C. Peebles. "Ischaemic and non-ischaemic cardiomyopathies — cardiac MRI appearances with delayed enhancement." Clinical Imaging 31, no. 6 (November 2007): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinimag.2007.08.005.

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Błyszczuk, Przemysław, and Zoltan Szekanecz. "Pathogenesis of ischaemic and non-ischaemic heart diseases in rheumatoid arthritis." RMD Open 6, no. 1 (January 2020): e001032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rmdopen-2019-001032.

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterised by a chronic inflammatory condition of the joints, but the comorbidities of RA predominantly contribute to the reduced lifespan associated with this disease. Clinical data indicate that cardiovascular disease is the major comorbidity associated with mortality in RA. In this review, we aimed to describe the pathogenesis of heart failure in RA. First, we emphasised the fundamental differences between ischaemic and non-ischaemic heart diseases and referred to their relevance in excessive cardiovascular-dependent mortality in RA. Second, we highlighted aspects of asymptomatic changes in cardiac tissue and in coronary blood vessels that are commonly found in patients with diagnosed RA. Third, we focused on high-grade systemic inflammation as a key trigger of ischaemic and non-ischaemic heart diseases in RA, and described the implication of conventional and biologic antirheumatic medications on the development and progression of heart disease. In particular, we discussed the roles of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and anti-TNF-α therapies on the development and progression of ischaemic and non-ischaemic heart diseases in RA.
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Jackson, E., N. Bellenger, M. Seddon, S. Harden, and C. Peebles. "Ischaemic and non-ischaemic cardiomyopathies—cardiac MRI appearances with delayed enhancement." Clinical Radiology 62, no. 5 (May 2007): 395–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2006.11.013.

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Barison, Andrea, Luigi Emilio Pastormerlo, and Alberto Giannoni. "Troponin in Non-ischaemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy." European Cardiology Review 7, no. 3 (2011): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.15420/ecr.2011.7.3.220.

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Non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a disease characterised by progressive left ventricular remodelling and dysfunction. DCM represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Cardiac troponins are sensitive biohumoral markers of myocyte injury that are used for diagnostic purposes in acute coronary syndromes but that are also detected in DCM. Several pathophysiological factors (wall stress, neurohormonal activation, inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, microvascular ischaemia) have been advocated to explain subtle ongoing necrosis in DCM. In particular, new ultrasensitive assays expand the detection range toward physiological cardiac troponin levels, allowing accurate biohumoral characterisation of myocardial remodelling from the early stages of DCM. Moreover, several clinical studies have demonstrated that increased cardiac troponin plasma levels are associated with worse prognosis and that further increases in cardiac troponin over time contribute to additional risk. Serial plasma cardiac troponin evaluation represents an accurate marker of disease evolution and risk stratification in DCM, identifying high-risk patients who need strict follow-up and enhanced therapeutic effort.
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Дисертації з теми "Non-ischaemic"

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Addison, Patrick. "Remote, non-invasive ischaemic preconditioning of skeletal muscle flaps against ischaemic necrosis : efficacy and mechanism." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27899.

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The efficacy and mechanism of a novel, non-invasive, remote ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) technique for the protection of skeletal muscle against necrosis resulting from prolonged ischaemia, were studied in a porcine model. It was observed that three brief cycle of non-invasive hindlimb ischaemia, induced by application of a tourniquet, reduced the infarct size in Latissimus Dorsi (LD) muscle flaps by 62% and Rectus Abdominis (RA) and Gracilis (Gc) muscle flaps by 50% and 60% respectively (n=6, p<0.01) compared with sham manipulated controls, when these flaps were subsequently subjected to 4 hours continuous ischaemia and 48 hours of reperfusion. The onset and duration of this ischaemic protection were studied in LD flaps also subjected to 4 hours ischaemia and 48 hours reperfusion beginning 1, 8, 24, 48 or 72 hours after the remote IPC stimulus. Protection against prolonged ischaemia develops rapidly following the preconditioning stimulus, but is short lived. By 8 hours, the protective effect was lost. A second period of protection then develops approximately 24 hours after preconditioning and is maintained beyond 72 hours. The ischaemic protection afforded by remote IPC was abolished by the non-selective opioid receptor antagonist Naloxone (3mg/Kg) and the Nitric Oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor L-NNA (1mg/Kg). the mitochondrial KATP­ channel blocking agent 5-Hydroxydecanoate 95HD, 5mg/Kg) abolished protection whereas infusion of the mitochondrial K­ATP channel opener Diazoxide (10mg/Kg) mimicked the protection afforded by remote IPC in the absence of preconditioning. Taken together these results suggest that the activation of opioid receptors, but not adenosine receptors, is sufficient to induce the protective pathways of remote IPC in this model. The pathway appears to involve the synthesis of NO and the opening of mitochondrial KATP channels. Finally it was shown that remote, non-invasive IPC is associated with slower rates of muscle Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis and Lactate accumulation during subsequent prolonged ischaemia.
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Wardlaw, Joanna Marguerite. "Imaging and treatment of acute ischaemic stroke : the application and verification of non-invasive imaging techniques in the investigation and treatment of acute ischaemic stroke." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20860.

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The purpose of the project which led to the writing of this thesis was to: 1) Establish the accuracy, limitations and practicality of a simple isotope test, the mean Cerebral Transit Time (MCTT), developed in the Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, and its ability to diagnose the pattern of cerebral arterial occlusion in acute ischaemic stroke; 2) Study the effect of early reperfusion of the cerebral infarct on swelling of the infarct in the acute stage, and clinical outcome in patients with symptoms of extensive acute cerebral ischaemia; 3) Perform an overview analysis of thrombolytic therapy for acute ischaemic stroke; 4) Set up a pilot randomised controlled trial of intra-arterial thrombolysis in acute ischaemic stroke. The Thesis is divided into four parts. Part One describes: a) the background to current understanding of the aetiology and pathogenesis secondary treatment of, and possible primary treatments for acute ischaemic stroke; b) the anatomy and physiology of the cerebral circulation; c) imaging methods for investigating the cerebral circulation and brain parenchyma. Part Two describes a study in 120 acute stroke patients. Part Three is the relationship between reperfusion of the infarct shown by TCD, the amount of swelling in the infarct in the acute stag shown by CT brain scan, and clinical outcome. Part Four contains a review of all publications on thrombolysis in stroke patients.
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Arnold, J. R. "Evolving non-invasive techniques for the assessment of myocardial perfusion in ischaemic heart disease." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.543046.

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Markey, Peter. "The prevalence of ischaemic and rheumatic heart disease and risk factors in Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal footballers /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09MPM/09mpmm345.pdf.

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Arnous, Samer. "The effects of cytokine and progenitor cell therapy on clinical and biochemical status in patients with non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10047424/.

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BACKGROUND: A small number of open-label or pilot studies have assessed the benefit of stem cell therapy in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). I report the findings of the REGENERATE-DCM trial, a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of bone-marrow derived mononuclear cell and adjunctive granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) administration in patients with DCM. METHODS: 60 patients with DCM were randomized into four treatment groups: intracoronary stem cell, intracoronary serum, peripheral G-CSF and peripheral placebo (saline). Apart from the placebo group, all patients received 5-days of G-CSF, with bone marrow harvest performed on Day 6 in the intracoronary group. Primary endpoint was change in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) assessed by advanced cardiac imaging at 3 months. RESULTS: There was little or no difference in baseline characteristics between the groups. At 3 months, intracoronary stem cell therapy was associated with a 5.37% increase in LVEF (38.30 ±12.97 from 32.93 ±16.46 p= 0.014). This increase in LVEF in cell treated patients was associated with clear evidence of decrease in NYHA classification and improved exercise capacity. No evidence of a change in LVEF was seen in the other two treatment groups. CONCLUSION: The novel combination of G-CSF and intracoronary cell therapy led to an improvement in cardiac function and symptoms at 3 months.
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Navarro, Alex. "Clinical assessment of renal ischaemic injury and the role of cryopreservation : peritoneal cooling in non-heart-beating donation and topical cooling for laparoscopic surgery." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2009. http://sure.sunderland.ac.uk/3313/.

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The project aims focussed on three main areas of study; ischaemic injury assessment, laparoscopic renal cryopreservation and peritoneal cooling for non-heart-beating organ donation. The effects of renal ischaemia represent significant challenges for transplantation and urological surgery in that with sufficient unchecked ischaemic duration, permanent loss of function is inevitable. Prior to consideration of novel approaches to ischaemic protection, aimed at producing improved graft quality for transplantation and an increased safe operating times for partial renal resections, deficiencies in the literature regarding the efficacy of viability testing were targeted. Techniques of ischaemic injury assessment are intended to allow identification of retrieved kidneys which are likely to have lost the potential for adequate function if transplanted. Such organs can then be discarded, thus improving outcomes and decreasing rates of primary non-function. Results pertaining to ischaemic injury assessment provided support for protocols of viability assessment based on hypothermic machine perfusion. The effect of warm ischaemia on renal viability criteria has been successfully demonstrated in a large animal model, and novel approaches to the use of such assessments have been explored in order to maximise organ resource opportunities and utilisation. The project has made an important contribution in the technical approach to laparoscopic partial nephrectomy and laparoscopic renal hypothermia. The studies involving the ‘Newcastle Laparoscopic Renal Cooling Device’ succeeded in achieving ‘proof of concept’ with demonstration of effective renal cooling and preservation. Studies relating to preservation interventions in the porcine model of the uncontrolled NHBD have produced striking results. These results strongly suggest that uncontrolled NHBD centres employing cold in-situ perfusion approaches to preservation would be wise to consider supplementary techniques of organ cooling.
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Ridge, Charlotte. "Elemental concentrations in blood from diabetic and non-diabetic coronary artery bypass patients using neutron activation analysis and proton induced X-ray emission analyses." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2001. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843100/.

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Diabetes is one of the fastest growing diseases today, affecting over a million people in the UK. Numerous medical complications, such as heart disease, are regularly associated with diabetes. Despite advances in methods of diagnosis and treatment there is still a need for greater understanding of these diseases. This will include research directed towards the influence of specific treatments and reasons for the high incidence of diabetes and heart disease in 'at risk' populations. Changes in elemental status are associated as the cause or effect of various diseased states. Elemental imbalance in diabetics can result in impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance and in sufferers of heart disease elemental changes impair heart rate and elasticity of blood vessels. In the UK 10,000 patients with Ischaemic Heart Disease undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery each year. Elemental analysis has been carried out on blood samples collected from a group of patients admitted to hospital for bypass surgery. Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) and Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) have been applied as complementary analytical tools for determining elemental concentrations. Differences have been examined between CABG patients with and without diabetes. Both experimental methods have been used to investigate elemental levels in whole blood, erythrocytes and plasma. Elemental concentration varied according to the blood constituent and reflected short and long-term influences on elemental homeostasis. Plasma was found to concentrate Na, Mg and Ca the highest using both experimental techniques. All blood samples were collected and prepared at St. George's Hospital, Tooting in the UK. An additional study was conducted to investigate the influence of the bypass operation on the patient's elemental status. Whole blood was obtained at pre (1h before operation), post (1-2 hours after operation) and recovery (24 hours after completion of the operation) stages of bypass surgery. Differences between the three phases were observed, individual variations have been plotted so rates of change can be seen and evaluated with the particular medical history. Concentrations of Na, Mg, Al, P, S, Cl, K, Ca and Fe in whole blood were determined. The two measurement techniques found different concentrations however results showed a general trend that post operative concentrations were elevated compared to pre operative values. Analysis of blood drawn during the recovery phase, 24 hours after the surgery, found that concentration were typically approaching pre operative levels. Both PIXE and INAA found concentrations of Na, Mg and Al peaked post operation and then decreased in the recovery phase, towards values measured pre surgery. Various factors may be responsible for the elemental changes occurring during surgery including, hormone production, routine administration of intra-operative fluids and contact of blood with non- endothelial surfaces. Hierarchical cluster analysis has been used to confirm differences between elemental levels in pre, post and recovery stages of bypass surgery. The dendograms produced indicate significant distinction between the three stages. The explosive impact of diabetes in the UK resident Asian population is discussed and the influence of diabetogenic agents introduced. Examination of research literature revealed that betel nut has been implicated as a causative agent in several medical conditions. Samples of Betel nut and six associated chewing materials widely used in Asian communities has been collected and prepared for analysis. Instrumental neutron activation analysis has been used to determine the concentration of Na, Mg, Al, Cl, Ca, V, Mn, Cu and Br in the samples by means of short-lived radionuclides.
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Yasin, Mohammed. "Non-regenerative benefits of adult bone marrow derived stem cells for myocardial protection." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2013. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8701.

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Ischaemic heart disease is the most common cause of mortality in the western hemisphere and it is rapidly becoming the leading cause of death globally. Moreover, therapeutic interventions by cardiologists and cardiac surgeons frequently subject the heart to acute I/R injury, which in itself can cause mortality. Recent investigations of adult stem cells have primarily focused on their regenerative potential for chronic ischaemic heart disease. In this thesis, I have investigated the hypothesis that adult bone marrow derived stem cells are cardioprotective in acute regional myocardial I/R injury. In a rat model of left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) reversible occlusion and reperfusion, I demonstrate that an intravenous bolus of adult bone marrow derived (1) bone marrow mononuclear (BMNNC) and (2) mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) upon reperfusion can attenuate infarct size. This effect is comparable to ischaemic preconditioning (IPC), which is the gold standard for cardioprotection. Next, I demonstrated the mechanisms for adult stem cell cardioprotection are principally anti-apoptotic and depend upon stem cell secreted factors to (1) activate phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3)/Akt cell survival kinase-signaling pathway (2) inhibit glycogen synthase kinase-3β (3) inhibit p38MAPK (4) inhibit nuclear translocation of p65NF-κB. 7 Proteomic analysis of myocardium subjected to I/R and treated with either BMMNC or BMMNC derived supernatant (BMS) upon reperfusion demonstrated higher expression of a whole host of pro-survival proteins. These were notably (1) 14-3-3-ε protein (2) anti-oxidant peroxiredoxin-6 (3) heat shock protein (HSP) αB-crystallin, HSP72, HSP tumour necrosis factor receptor-1 associated protein, and HSP ischaemia responsive protein-94 (4) glycolytic protein glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (5) mitochondrial aconitase and mitochondrial voltage-dependent anionselective channel protein-1. Thereafter, I investigated the mobilization of endogenous bone marrow stem cells and trafficking to the ischaemic myocardium by stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1) /chemokine, receptor type 4 (CXCR4) signaling. I demonstrate high up-regulated expression of CXCR4 and CD26 in BMMNC following IPC, which might have a role in IPC-mediated cardioprotection. Finally, and in concordance with this finding I demonstrate that both IPC and an exogenous MSC bolus upon reperfusion can synergize to abolish acute myocardial I/R injury.
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Singh, Alosha. "A retrospective analysis of the utility of myocardial perfusion imaging using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for differentiating ischaemic from non-ischaemic left ventricular dysfunction." Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/24211.

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A research report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medicine, in Internal Medicine at the University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. September 2017
Differentiating ischaemic left ventricular dysfunction (ILVD) from non-ischaemic left ventricular dysfunction (NILVD) is crucial since appropriately selected patients may benefit from coronary revascularisation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in patients presenting with left ventricular dysfunction using coronary angiography (CA) as the gold standard. Methods This single centre retrospective study was conducted in 52 patients with heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction (EF< 40%) who had both MPI as well as CA at CHBAH between January 2005 and December 2012. ILVD was diagnosed when the distribution and severity of coronary disease on CA was sufficient to account for the degree of left ventricular dysfunction. Results From a total of 52 patients, 33 (63%) had ILVD and 19 (37%) had NILVD. As compared to patients with NILVD, those with ILVD were more likely to be Indian and White (p=0.0014), have more coronary risk factors (5(2) vs 3(2), p < 0.0001) and more commonly have q waves on the ECG (0% vs 55%, p < 0.0001). MPI had a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI 66-100%) and specificity of 52.63% (95% CI 30.18 - 75.08) for the diagnosis of ILVD. The presence of fixed perfusion defects on MPI was the best predictor of ILVD. Conclusion MPI has high sensitivity but low specificity for the diagnosis of ILVD. This makes it a useful screening test for the exclusion of coronary artery disease in patients presenting with heart failure.
MT2018
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Carbone, Angelo. "The effects of omega-3 fatty acids in an ovine model of anthracycline-induced non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/70289.

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Anthracycline drugs, such as Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) (DOX), have been widely used since the 1960s for treatment of various forms of cancer. Despite their excellent anti-tumour affects, their clinical use may be complicated by various forms of cardiotoxicity, most notably dose dependent, non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NICM) leading to congestive heart failure (CHF). Increasingly, different strategies have been devised in recent years to mitigate the adverse cardiovascular effects of anthracycline administration. However these have had variable success and the burden of anthracycline induced NICM remains substantial. Marine derived omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been shown to have cardio-protective properties in a number of clinical settings. These include anti-arrhythmic, anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic properties and which are predominantly mediated by the longer chain omega-3 PUFA, eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Previously, a limited number of basic and small animal studies have evaluated the protective actions of omega-3 PUFA against anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity, with mixed findings. There-fore the current study set out to expand on these results by investigating omega-3 PUFA supplementation in the translational setting of a large animal model of DOX-induced NICM. Initially, a pilot study was performed to assess fatty acid bio distribution in Merino wether sheep receiving marine fish oil (containing 300mg/mL EPA+DHA), administered by oral drenching of 23mL volumes three times weekly for up to 20 weeks. Plasma and erythrocyte fatty acids were monitored serially and myocardial membrane concentrations were determined at study end. Systemic and myocardial uptake of long-chain omega-3 PUFA was demonstrated, with plasma, erythrocyte and myocardial concentrations increasing by two to three-fold from baseline levels (p<0.05). For the main study, 17 age and weight-matched Merino wethers received fortnightly dosing with intracoronary DOX (1.2mg/kg for three doses) to induce cardiotoxicity. Animals were randomised to oral supplementation with fish oil (n=8) or olive oil placebo (n=9) commencing two to three weeks before DOX dosing and continued until 12 weeks after final DOX dose. Comparisons between the fish oil and placebo groups were made for left ventricular remodelling and function by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), transthoracic echocardiography and histomorphometric analysis of myocardial fibrosis burden. Surprisingly, by comparison to placebo animals, sheep in the fish oil group showed greater decline in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (p<0.05), and greater end-diastolic and end-systolic dilatation after DOX (p<0.05). However, both groups demonstrated similar levels of left ventricular fibrosis, suggesting that the accentuation of systolic dysfunction observed in the omega-3 PUFA cohort was not mediated by excess myocardial collagen deposition. In summary, this is the first large animal study to evaluate omega-3 PUFA supplementation in the setting of anthracycline cardiotoxicity. Despite augmenting circulating and tissue long-chain fatty acid levels, oral intake of fishoil exacerbated cardiac remodelling induced by intracoronary DOX. Given these new observational findings, we recommend deferring clinical investigation until further basic mechanistic studies can better define the interactions between fatty acids and cardiac biology in the presence of anthracycline exposure.
Thesis (M.Med.Sc.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Medicine, 2011
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Книги з теми "Non-ischaemic"

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Walmsley, David. Cutaneous microvascular blood flow and function in non-ischaemic feet of normal and diabetic subjects. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1991.

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Valgimigli, Marco, and Marco Angelillis. Treatment of non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes. Edited by Stefan James. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0311.

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Treatment of patients presenting with a non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) aims at immediate relief of ischaemia and the prevention of serious adverse events, including death, myocardial (re)infarction, and life-threatening arrhythmias. In NSTE-ACS, patient management is guided by risk stratification (troponin, electrocardiogram, risk scores, etc.). Treatment options include anti-ischaemic and antithrombotic drugs and coronary revascularization including percutaneous coronary interventions, or coronary artery bypass grafting. While long-term secondary prevention with aspirin monotherapy is currently the gold standard approach for all NSTE-ACS patients who tolerate the drug, additional medications on top of aspirin such as oral P2Y12 inhibitors or oral anticoagulation have been investigated across clinical trials and their long-term use should be guided by the ischaemic versus bleeding risk status of each single individual patient.
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Jood, Katarina, and Turgut Tatlisumak. Special aetiologies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198722366.003.0006.

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The chapter ‘Special aetiologies of ischaemic stroke in young adults’ provides an overview of the broad spectrum of non-conventional causes of ischaemic stroke. It reviews the more common of these unusual conditions categorized as non-atherosclerotic non-inflammatory arteriopathies, non-atherosclerotic inflammatory arteriopathies, vasospastic syndromes, haematological disorders, genetic disorders, and miscellaneous disorders. It discusses strategies for aetiological diagnosis in young ischaemic stroke, provides a detailed overview of useful clinical clues obtained from patient history and physical examinations, and describes a patient-tailored step-wise diagnostic strategy based on clinical clues and findings from a group of basic diagnostic tests.
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Bueno, Héctor, and José A. Barrabés. Non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0046.

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Non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes are life-threatening disorders, usually caused by acute coronary thrombosis and subsequent myocardial ischaemia, presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation in the initial electrocardiogram. According to the occurrence of myocardial necrosis, non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes are divided into non-ST-segment myocardial infarction or unstable angina. The management of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes requires an early diagnosis and risk stratification, urgent hospitalization, monitoring, and medical treatment, including antithrombotic therapy with dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin plus one P2Y12 inhibitor) and parenteral anticoagulation, anti-ischaemic treatment, and preventative therapies. After the initial medical therapy is established, an invasive strategy, consisting of coronary angiography with coronary revascularization (either percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary bypass graft surgery), as appropriate, should be decided. The timing of the invasive strategy should be adjusted, according to the patient’s risk. Given the high event rate of patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes after hospital discharge, an aggressive long-term preventative therapy should be put in place to improve prognosis.
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Bueno, Héctor, and José A. Barrabés. Non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0046_update_001.

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Non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes are life-threatening disorders, usually caused by acute coronary thrombosis and subsequent myocardial ischaemia, presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation in the initial electrocardiogram. According to the occurrence of myocardial necrosis, non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes are divided into non-ST-segment myocardial infarction or unstable angina. The management of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes requires an early diagnosis and risk stratification, urgent hospitalization, monitoring, and medical treatment, including antithrombotic therapy with dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin plus one P2Y12 inhibitor) and parenteral anticoagulation, anti-ischaemic treatment, and preventative therapies. After the initial medical therapy is established, an invasive strategy, consisting of coronary angiography with coronary revascularization (either percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary bypass graft surgery), as appropriate, should be decided. The timing of the invasive strategy should be adjusted, according to the patient’s risk. Given the high event rate of patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes after hospital discharge, an aggressive long-term preventative therapy should be put in place to improve prognosis.
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Bueno, Héctor, and José A. Barrabés. Non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0046_update_002.

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Анотація:
Non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes are life-threatening disorders, usually caused by acute coronary thrombosis and subsequent myocardial ischaemia, presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation in the initial electrocardiogram. According to the occurrence of myocardial necrosis, non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes are divided into non-ST-segment myocardial infarction or unstable angina. The management of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes requires an early diagnosis and risk stratification, urgent hospitalization, monitoring, and medical treatment, including antithrombotic therapy with dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin plus one P2Y12 inhibitor) and parenteral anticoagulation, anti-ischaemic treatment, and preventative therapies. After the initial medical therapy is established, an invasive strategy, consisting of coronary angiography with coronary revascularization (either percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary bypass graft surgery), as appropriate, should be decided. The timing of the invasive strategy should be adjusted, according to the patient’s risk. Given the high event rate of patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes after hospital discharge, an aggressive long-term preventative therapy should be put in place to improve prognosis.
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7

Alonso Salinas, Gonzalo Luis, Marina Pascual Izco, Covadonga Fernández-Golfín, Luigi P. Badano, and José Luis Zamorano. Ischaemic heart disease: acute coronary syndrome. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198726012.003.0029.

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Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is a non-invasive and accessible tool that should be widely used in the evaluation of patients with suspected or known acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Its role is crucial in the management of patients with suspected ACS without electrocardiographic changes or elevation of cardiac markers, allowing the formulation of differential diagnosis between cardiac and extracardiac aetiologies. If the ACS is confirmed, initial assessment of regional and global left and right ventricle contractile function is fundamental in establishing the management strategy and may help in the risk stratification of these patients. TTE can also characterize the ischaemic myocardium in the acute phase, exposing any myocardial regional wall motion abnormalities. Furthermore, TTE is an excellent tool for the initial assessment of the aetiology of cardiogenic shock. It provides additional information regarding the haemodynamic status of the patient, including filling pressures and stroke volume, and it may rule out other causes of shock; thus, immediate TTE, or transoesophageal echocardiography if necessary, should be performed when cardiogenic shock is suspected. In the chronic phase, TTE plays an important role in characterizing myocardial infarction scar and its extent. TTE can accurately differentiate viable myocardium from scar tissue, and may guide revascularization if needed, improving patient care.
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Lancellotti, Patrizio, and Bernard Cosyns. Stress Echocardiography. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198713623.003.0016.

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Stress echocardiography is well established in patients with ischaemic and has gained growing interest in non-ischaemic heart disease. Indications for stress echocardiography are grouped in very broad categories to encompass the overwhelming majority of patients. These include; coronary artery disease diagnosis, prognosis and risk stratification in patients with established diagnosis (for example, after myocardial infarction), preoperative risk assessment, evaluation for cardiac aetiology of exertional dyspnoea, assessment of pulmonary hypertension, evaluation after revascularization, Ischaemia location, and evaluation of heart valve stenosis severity, athletes’ hearts or heart transplants.
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Katritsis, Demosthenes G., Bernard J. Gersh, and A. John Camm. Epidemiology and pathophysiology of coronary artery disease. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199685288.003.0529_update_004.

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This chapter presents the epidemiology and pathophysiology of stable ischaemic heart disease and acute coronary syndromes, i.e. unstable angina/non-ST elevation myocardial infarction and ST elevation myocardial infarction.
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Ratliff, David. Limb ischaemia. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0067.

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Acute limb ischaemia is defined as a decrease in the arterial blood flow, over a period of minutes to days, which threatens the viability of the limb. Presentation is within 2 weeks of the onset of symptoms. Chronic limb ischaemia (presentation >2 weeks after the onset of symptoms) can be divided into critical ischaemia—a potential threat to limb viability, with ischaemic rest pain, ischaemic ulcers, or gangrene—and non-critical ischaemia, which may be symptomatic (typically with claudication) or asymptomatic. This chapter discusses limb ischaemia, including differential diagnosis, context, approach to diagnosis, specific clues to the diagnosis, key diagnostic tests, treatment and therapy, prognosis, and how to handle uncertainty in the diagnosis of the symptom.
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Частини книг з теми "Non-ischaemic"

1

Hayes, J. Randal. "Non-Ischaemic Heart Disease in Diabetes Mellitus." In Diabetes and Atherosclerosis, 255–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2734-9_12.

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Otton, James, Patrick Pender, and Neville Sammel. "Non-invasive assessment of ischaemic heart disease." In Interventional Cardiology and Cardiac Catheterisation, 381–89. Second edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, [2019] | Preceded by Cardiology and cardiac catheterisation : the essential guide / edited by John Boland and David W.M. Muller. 2001.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351060356-27.

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Kaijser, Lennart, Martin Ericsson, and Göran Walldius. "Fatty acid turnover in the ischaemic compared to the non-ischaemic human heart." In Lipid Metabolism in Normoxic and Ischemic Heart, 181–84. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1611-4_26.

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Chan, K. M. John. "Mitral Valve Repair in Non-ischaemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy." In Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation, 79–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43510-7_8.

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Hirche, Hj, M. Hoeher, and J. H. Risse. "Inotropic changes in ischaemic and non-ischaemic myocardium and arrhythmias within the first 120 minutes of coronary occlusion in pigs." In Cardiac Energetics, 301–10. Heidelberg: Steinkopff, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-11289-2_29.

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Scatton, Bernard, Jesus Benavides, Bernard Gotti, and Eric T. MacKenzie. "Therapeutic potential of the atypical non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonists, ifenprodil and SL 82.0715, in ischaemic cerebrovascular diseases." In Amino Acids, 556–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2262-7_65.

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Davis, Michelle, R. H. Perry, and A. D. Mendelow. "The Effect of Non-Competitive N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonism on Cerebral Oedema and Cerebral Infarct Size in the Aging Ischaemic Brain." In Brain Edema X, 30–33. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6837-0_9.

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Poole-Wilson, Philip A. "Syndrome X: A Non-Ischaemic Syndrome? — “False Positive” ST-Segment Shifts, Ischaemia, Myocardial Perfusion Abnormalities And Increased Sensitivity To Pain In Syndrome X." In Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, 111–23. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2596-7_6.

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Riemersma, R. A. "Raised plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) during ischaemia: implications for arrhythmias." In Lipid metabolism in the normoxic and ischaemic heart, 177–86. Heidelberg: Steinkopff, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08390-1_22.

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Ormerod, Dr Julian, and Michael Frenneaux. "Non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy." In Landmark Papers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 258–67. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199594764.003.0015.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Non-ischaemic"

1

Langley, P., E. J. Bowers, J. Wild, M. J. Drinnan, J. Allen, A. J. Sims, N. Brown, and A. Murray. "An algorithm to distinguish ischaemic and non-ischaemic ST changes in the Holter ECG." In Computers in Cardiology, 2003. IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cic.2003.1291135.

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Coronel Tarancón, L., I. Monjo, E. Fernández, A. Balsa, and E. De Miguel. "AB0680 Non ophtalmological neurologic ischaemic manifestations of giant cell arteritis." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2018, Amsterdam, 13–16 June 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-eular.5775.

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Voon, V., WY Lau, H. Pereira, N. Shanmugam, R. Ray, and L. Anderson. "15 Non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy and cardiac resynchronization therapy– revisiting the ‘at risk’ patient profile." In Irish Cardiac Society Annual Scientific Meeting & AGM, Thursday October 4th – Saturday October 6th 2018, Galway Bay Hotel, Galway, Ireland. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Cardiovascular Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2018-ics.15.

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Shamsi, Aamir, Victor Voon, Wai-Yan Lau, Helder Pereira, Nesan Shanmugam, Robin Ray, and Lisa Anderson. "94 Mid-wall fibrosis and outcomes in non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy and cardiac resynchronisation therapy." In British Cardiovascular Society Annual Conference ‘Digital Health Revolution’ 3–5 June 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Cardiovascular Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2019-bcs.92.

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Domínguez Casas, L. C., V. Calvo-Río, O. Maríz-Alonso, A. Blanco, J. Narvaez, S. Castañeda, E. Vicente, et al. "AB1148 Biological treatment of non ischaemic optic neuritisassociated to immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. multicenter study." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2018, Amsterdam, 13–16 June 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-eular.5485.

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Prieto-Peña, D., Monica Calderón-Goercke, Vanesa Calvo-Río, Olga Maiz-Alonso, Ana Blanco, J. Narváez, Santos Castañeda, et al. "THU0581 BIOLOGICAL THERAPY IN NON ISCHAEMIC OPTIC NEURITIS ASSOCIATED TO IMMUNE-MEDIATED INFLAMMATORY DISEASES. MULTICENTER STUDY." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2019, Madrid, 12–15 June 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.3615.

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Costello, Sadie, Andreas Neophytou, Michael Attfield, Aaron Blair, Roel Vermeulen, Debra T. Silverman, and Ellen Eisen. "O29-2 Ischaemic heart disease from diesel exhaust exposure among underground, non-metal miners in the united states." In Occupational Health: Think Globally, Act Locally, EPICOH 2016, September 4–7, 2016, Barcelona, Spain. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2016-103951.145.

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Moore, Heather, Joanna Abramik, Gemina Doolub, Mark Dayer, and Guy Furniss. "95 10-year follow-up of ICD implantation in non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy – an insight from real world practice in a large district general hospital." In British Cardiovascular Society Virtual Annual Conference, ‘Cardiology and the Environment’, 7–10 June 2021. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Cardiovascular Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2021-bcs.94.

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Lowe, G. D. O., G. Thomson, S. E. Lennie, J. Anderson, S. M. Cobbe, and C. D. Forbes. "COMPARISON OF BLOOD, RED CELL AND WHITE CELL RHEOLOGY IN UNSTABLE ANGINA AND ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642844.

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In acute coronary artery thrombosis, the flow properties of blood might conceivably influence progression to (a) complete thrombotic occlusion and transmural myocardial infarction, or (b) resolution of ischaemia without infarction (unstable angina). To test this hypothesis, several rheological variables were measured in the following groups of patients, matched for age, sex and smoking habit: (1) acute transmural myocardial infarction (n=15); (2) unstable angina (ischaemic pain and ECG but no significant enzyme rise, (n=16); (3) non-cardiac acute chest pain (n=9); and (4) healthy controls (n=20). Patients with infarction had significantly elevated levels of blood viscosity at high and low shear rates (94 and 0.94 s™1, Contraves LS30) compared to all other groups, associated with significantly higher levels of haematocrit, fibrinogen, plasma viscosity and fibrinogen: white cell count was also significantly higher. These abnormalities could therefore predispose to complete thrombotic occlusion and infarction. Patients with unstable angina also had significant increases in fibrinogen, plasma viscosity and white cell count, intermediate between infarct patients and controls: however blood viscosity increase was prevented by a lower haematocrit, which may predispose to resolution of thrombosis and ischaemia. Red cell deformability (Contraves visconeter and St. George's Filtrometer with 5 μm Nuclepore filters) was normal in infarction and m unstable angina, but significantly decreased in non-cardiac chest pain. Polymorph leucocyte filtration in a positive-pressure system (Nuclepore 5 μm filters) was normal in infarction and unstable angina, and mononuclear leucocyte filtration was only slightly reduced in both groups. Hence the major rheological changes in myocardial infarction and unstable angina are increases m fibrinogen and cell counts, rather than altered cell deformability.
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Звіти організацій з теми "Non-ischaemic"

1

Issa, Allaudin, Christian D. Fankhauser, and Arie Stewart Parnham. What are ischaemic and non-ischaemic priapism and their underlying causes? BJUI Knowledge, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18591/bjuik.0750.

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LI, Zhendong, Chengcheng Zhang, Hangjian Qiu, Xiaoqian Wang, and Yuejuan Zhang. Different Acupuncture Intervention Time-points for Rehabilitation of Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment:Protocol For a Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0043.

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Review question / Objective: This study will provide evidence-based references for the efficacy of different acupuncture interventions time-point in the treatment of post-stroke cognitive impairment(PSCI). 1. Types of studies. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture for PSCI will be recruited. Additionally, Studies should be available in full papers as well as peer-reviewed and the original data should be clear and adequate. 2. Types of participants. All adults with a recent or previous history of ischaemic or hemorrhagic stroke and diagnosed according to clearly defined or internationally recognized diagnostic criteria, regardless of nationality, race, sex, age, or educational background. 3. Types of interventions and controls. The control group takes non-acupuncture treatment, including conventional rehabilitation or in combination with symptomatic support therapy. The experimental group should be treated with acupuncture on basis of the control group. 4. Types of outcomes. The primary outcomes are measured with The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and/or The Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), which have been widely used to evaluate cognitive abilities.
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LI, Zhendong, Hangjian Qiu, xiaoqian Wang, chengcheng Zhang, and Yuejuan Zhang. Comparative Efficacy of 5 non-pharmaceutical Therapies For Adults With Post-stroke Cognitive Impairment: Protocol For A Bayesian Network Analysis Based on 55 Randomized Controlled Trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0036.

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Review question / Objective: This study will provide evidence-based references for the efficacy of 5 different non-pharmaceutical therapies in the treatment of post-stroke cognitive impairment(PSCI). 1. Types of studies. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation(TMS), Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation(tDCS), Acupuncture, Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy(VR) and Computer-assisted cognitive rehabilitation(CA) for PSCI will be recruited. Additionally, Studies should be available in full papers as well as peer reviewed and the original data should be clear and adequate. 2. Types of participants. All adults with a recent or previous history of ischaemic or hemorrhagic stroke and diagnosed according to clearly defined or internationally recognized diagnostic criteria, regardless of nationality, race, sex, age, or educational background. 3.Types of interventions and controls. The control group takes non-acupuncture treatment, including conventional rehabilitation or in combination with symptomatic support therapy. The experimental group should be treated with acupuncture on basis of the control group. 4.The interventions of the experimental groups were Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation(TMS), Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation(tDCS), Acupuncture, Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy(VR) or Computer-assisted cognitive rehabilitation(CA), and the interventions of the control group takes routine rehabilitation and cognition training or other therapies mentioned above that were different from the intervention group. 5.Types of outcomes. The primary outcomes are measured with The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and/or The Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), which have been widely used to evaluate the cognitive abilities. The secondary outcome indicator was the Barthel Index (BI) to assess independence in activities of daily living (ADLs).
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