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Zahrani, Faisal Al, Khalid Al-Qahtani, Mohammed Alshahrani, Khamis Almufargi, Abdullah Alkhudhayri, Labeb Obad, and Tahera Islam. "Incidence of Lymphatic Metastasis to Neck Nodes Level IIb in Neck Dissection for Head and Neck Cancers: A Retrospective Study." International Journal of Head and Neck Surgery 5, no. 3 (2014): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1192.
ABSTRACT Introduction Selective neck dissection (SND) is performed to prevent head and neck cancers metastasis. We tried to determine the incidence of level IIb lymph nodes metastasis and it is associations in head and neck cancers for selection of patients requiring SND. Materials and methods A retrospective study was conducted on 57 patients who underwent surgical removal of the head and neck tumor by 84 neck dissections. Fisher exact test was used to measure the association between positive IIb nodes and the other variables. Results Nine (15.8%) of 57 patients showed level IIb lymph nodes metastasis comprising 10.71% of the 84 neck dissections. Six (66.66%) were associated with oral cavity cancers, 8 (88.9%) with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 6 (66.66%) with T4 tumor. Five (55.6%) were N2b, and 7 (77.8%) were found in N+ necks. All (100%) positive IIb nodes were associated with metastatic level IIa. Significant associations were found betweenpositive IIbnodesand N2b (p= 0.005), clinically N+ necks (p = 0.005) and IIa (p < 0.01). Conclusion The incidence of level IIb nodes metastasis is high so they should be removed in any oral tumor, SCC, advanced staging, N+ necks or positive IIa lymph nodes metastasis. How to cite this article Al zahrani F, Al-Qahtani K, Alshahrani m, Almufargi K, Alkhudhayri A, Obad l, Islam T. Incidence of lymphatic metastasis to Neck Nodes level IIb in Neck Dissection for Head and Neck Cancers: A Retrospective Study. Int J Head Neck Surg 2014;5(3):99-103.
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Harahap, Sondang Nora, and Daan Khambri. "Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma in Head and Neck." Indonesian Journal of Cancer 15, no. 4 (December 28, 2021): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.33371/ijoc.v15i4.805.
Introduction: Poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) originating from the eye are rare and very highly malignant diseases with a poor prognosis. Small cell NEC of the head and neck is a rare disease and highly aggressive. Early recognition and treatment are crucial for reducing morbidity and mortality. Case Presentation: A 19-year-old male visited our oncology surgery outpatient department due to the progressive neck mass enlargement originating from the eye. The patient was previously diagnosed with invasive choroid malignant melanoma of the left eye which had metastasized to the lymph nodes of the left neck. He underwent a surgical removal/exenteration of the left eye. The result showed that the patient’s survival with poorly differentiated tumors was about 14% while patients with well-differentiated NEC had a survival rate of 34%. It also indicates that the prognosis of these tumors is very poor with a total of over 90% of patients having distant metastatic disease. Histopathological examination showed the tumor tissue and its immunohistochemistry with positive streaks of CD56, NSE, Synaptophysin, and Ki67 suggested small cell NEC.Conclusions: it is crucial to establish an early diagnosis of these tumors to reduce morbidity and mortality. No optimal treatment for such disease has yet been established.
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Leurs, Lina J., Guido Stultiëns, Jur Kievit, and Jaap Buth. "Adverse Events at the Aneurysmal Neck Identified at Follow-Up after Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneursym Repair: How Do They Correlate?" Vascular 13, no. 5 (September 1, 2005): 261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/rsmvasc.13.5.261.
The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of and the correlation between dilatation of the infrarenal neck and proximal device migration after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR). The analysis made use of the EUROSTAR registry. Between 1994 and 2004, 4,233 patients with an abdominal aortic aneurysm larger than 4 cm underwent EVAR. Only patients with available follow-up data regarding neck size and device position were included in this assessment. Chi-square and t-tests or Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used for comparison of discrete and continuous variables, respectively. Time-dependent variables were evaluated by log-rank tests. In addition, multivariate analysis was performed to determine anatomic and operative variables with an independent correlation with neck growth and device migration, respectively. In addition, the association with proximal endoleak was assessed. Neck dilatation and proximal migration were found in 1,342 (32%) and 192 (4.5%) of the 4,233 patients, respectively. One hundred twelve patients (2.5%) had neck dilatation and migration of the proximal device extremity. The correlation between proximal migration and neck dilatation was statistically significant ( p < .0001). Other independent variables for migration were a wider neck and aneurysmal diameter, shorter necks, proximal endoleak, and absence of suprarenal fixation. Neck dilatation was predicted by narrow necks, use of devices with suprarenal fixation, and larger device diameters. Proximal endoleak occurred in 136 (3.2%) patients and was significantly associated with shorter, angulated necks and proximal migration. The present study documented that migration may be caused by neck dilatation. However, neck dilatation was not significantly promoted by proximal migration. Other factors, such as dimensions of the neck, the device fixation system, and perhaps progressive wall degeneration, are also likely to play a role in the pathogenesis of neck dilatation. To obtain good results from EVAR, accepted criteria of neck dimensions should be adhered to.
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Friedman, Bruce Jay. "Neck and Neck." Antioch Review 63, no. 4 (2005): 666. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4614887.
Pipka, Michael, and Pavel Mencl. "Neck-tongue syndrome." Neurologie pro praxi 23, no. 1 (March 14, 2022): 90–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.36290/neu.2020.083.
Niforatos, Stephanie, Michael Sandhu, Mansi Kallem, Serenella Serinelli, Christopher Curtiss, and Komal Akhtar. "Small Cell Neuroendocrine of the Head and Neck: A Rare Presentation and Review of the Literature." Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports 10 (January 2022): 232470962211277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23247096221127792.
Head and neck tumors account for roughly 3% of malignancies in the United States and about 90% of these tumors are squamous cell cancers. Neuroendocrine neoplasms arise from neural crest cells and are commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract. Neuroendocrine neoplasms arising from the head and neck tend to be rare. In this article, we present a rare case of human papilloma virus–associated poorly differentiated small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC). Our patient was a 62-year-old African American man who presented with worsening left-sided neck pain and swelling that started 3 months prior to presentation, associated with an unintentional 20-pound weight loss over 6 months, hoarseness in his voice, in addition to dysphagia and odynophagia. Biopsy of left-sided tongue mass revealed poorly differentiated small cell NEC that was positive for HPV (E6/E7) RNA in situ hybridization. Patient was found to have metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis and given the aggressive nature of small cell NECs and the patient’s symptomatic burden, chemotherapy with cisplatin and etoposide was initiated in the hospital. The patient was subsequently discharged from the hospital and is continuing treatment outpatient with cisplatin, etoposide, and atezolizumab.
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Nakahara, Susumu, Yukinori Takenaka, Yoshifumi Yamamoto, Toshimichi Yasui, Atsushi Hanamoto, and Hidenori Inohara. "Clinical utility of CT and FDG PET/CT in assessing the neck in node-positive head and neck cancer after chemoradiotherapy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): 6082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.6082.
6082 Background: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy has been widely accepted to treat locoregional advanced head and neck cancer, but the need for subsequent neck dissection remains controversial. Our objective was to determine whether CT or fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT is superior in the evaluation of persistent nodal disease after chemoradiotherapy in patients with node-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Methods: Study entry criteria included node-positive HNSCC treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy, a local complete response, and post-treatment CT and FDG PET/CT studies 11 weeks after chemoradiotherapy. Fifty-eight patients with 68 node-positive necks were eligible. Nodes larger than 1 cm (minor axis), or with central necrosis on CT, or any visually hypermetabolic nodes on FDG PET/CT were considered clinically positive. Regardless of PET/CT findings, necks with positive CT were subjected to neck dissection, whereas those with negative CT were observed without neck dissection. Results: Seventeen necks showed positive CT, 13 and 4 of which underwent neck dissection and fine needle aspiration cytology, respectively, resulting in pathologic evidence of persistent nodal disease in 5 necks. Four of 51 necks with negative CT developed regional recurrence. Diagnostic accuracy of CT and PET/CT is shown in table. In general, the negative predictive value (NPV) was equivalent between CT and FDG PET/CT, whereas FDG PET/CT was better than CT in the specificity and accuracy. Conclusions: In patients with HNSCC, both CT and FDG PET/CT after chemoradiotherapy have a high NPV for excluding residual regional disease and avoiding unnecessary neck dissection. Although the NPV is similarly high, PET/CT has superior utility compared with CT because the number of false positive findings is less in PET/CT than CT. [Table: see text]
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Barry, Janie, Marc-Olivier Kiss, Vincent Massé, Martin Lavigne, Jihad Matta, and Pascal-Andre Vendittoli. "Effect of Femoral Stem Modular Neck’s Material on Metal Ion Release." Open Orthopaedics Journal 11, no. 1 (November 29, 2017): 1337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874325001711011337.
Background: In recent decades, the popularity of modular necks in total hip arthroplasty (THA) has increased since modular necks offer the potential to restore the patient’s native anatomy, and thus improve stability. Unfortunately, modular necks are associated with higher complication rates, including implant fracture and modular junction corrosion with adverse local tissue reaction to metal debris. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the impact of modular neck material on titanium (Ti), chrome (Cr), and cobalt (Co) metal ion levels in patients who underwent a THA with Ti femoral stem, Ti or CrCo modular neck, and ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC) bearing. Methods: Whole blood Ti, Cr, and Co levels were compared at a minimum 1-year follow-up in 36 patients who underwent unilateral, primary CoC large-diameter head THA with Profemur® Preserve modular femoral stems (MicroPort, Arlington, TX, USA). Results: Higher Co concentrations were observed in the CrCo modular neck group (0.46 versus 0.26 µg/l in the Ti neck group, P=0.004) and higher Ti concentrations were observed in the Ti modular neck group (1.98 vs 1.59 µg/l in the CrCo neck group, P=0.007). However, these differences were not clinically meaningful since the absolute values remained within what is considered the safe range of Ti, Cr, and Co ions in whole blood. No patients were re-operated or revised. Conclusion: Modular neck materials had an impact on whole blood metal ion levels but the concentrations measured remained within the safe range at 1-year follow-up. There were no indirect signs of modular junction corrosion with either CrCo or Ti femoral necks.
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Mira, Eugenio, Marco Benazzo, Vanessa Rossi, and Elisabetta Zanoletti. "Efficacy of Selective Lymph Node Dissection in Clinically Negative Neck." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 127, no. 4 (October 2002): 279–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mhn.2002.128601.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of selective neck dissection (SND) for elective treatment of the clinically negative neck in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). METHODS: A retrospective review was undertaken on 91 previously untreated patients with T1–4 SCC of oral cavity (23), oropharynx (5), hypopharynx (7), larynx (56), and clinically negative neck (NO), undergoing 126 SND from January 1990 to March 1999 at a single institution. Twenty-five patients received postoperative radiation therapy on the basis of histologic evidence of >2 positive nodes, extracapsular spread (ECS), and/or the presence of advanced primary lesion. RESULTS: On pathologic examination the average number of lymph nodes was 20.5 per neck, occult disease was detected in 14 (11.11%) of 126 necks; of necks with positive nodes, 6 (42.85%) of 14 had ECS. The median follow-up was 36 months. Overall recurrence rate (local, regional, and distant) was 12.8% (11 of 91). Recurrent disease developed in the neck of one patient, outside the dissected field. There was no difference in recurrence rate between pN0 and pN+ patients, as well as between pN+ with or without ECS. Overall survival rate was 84% (77 of 91), with a statistically significant difference between pN0 and pN+ necks. CONCLUSION: SND seems to be a pragmatic approach that is as effective as comprehensive procedures for staging and treating the clinically negative neck.
Grip, Helena. "Biomechanical assessment of head and neck movements in neck pain using 3D movement analysis." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1600.
Ghazali, N. "Personalising head and neck cancer survivorship : intervention with the Head and Neck Cancer Patients Concerns Inventory in routine head and neck cancer outpatient visits." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2018. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3020175/.
The Head and Neck Patients Concerns Inventory (HN-PCI) is a self-completed holistic tool that helps patients to disclose items of concern they wish to discuss. The MD study was designed to evaluate the roll-out of HN-PCI in subjects who were unfamiliar with it. The primary aim of the study was to evaluate HN-PCI can help patients self-disclose concerns. The secondary aims were to: (1) categorise HN-PCI items into domains; (2) develop a thematic content analysis; (5) examine associations between concerns and distress; (4) examine associations between clinicopathological factors with HN-PCI consultations; (5) determine if HN-PCI intervention changes consultations and the outcomes of consultations. Method: The MD work was divided into 3 sections and undertaken in the following order: (1) Pilot study; (2) Domain generation; and (3) Main study. Sections (1) and (2) were undertaken designed to support the Main study. In the Main study, patients were recruited prospectively to a non-randomised study design composed of 3 blocks. Block 1 constituted normal practice i.e. control group, Block 2 constituted patients exposed to HN-PCI but doctors were not i.e. control in attention, and Block 3 was the HN-PCI intervention group. The primary outcome measures were the number of concern and selected and/or discussed. The secondary outcome measures were patient satisfaction with consultation, consultation length, distress level and clinical outputs. i.e. clinical decision or action taken related to the consultation. Result: In the Pilot study, a content thematic framework was developed. Five domains were generated: (A) Physical and functional; (B) Psychological/emotional and spiritual well-being; (C) Social care/Social well-being; (D) Treatment-related; and (E) Other. In the Main study, 365 patients were recruited, producing a matching number of audiorecorded consultation i.e. Block 1: 136 patients; Block 2: 78 patients; and Block 3: 111 patients. Introduction of HN-PCI generated a trend towards an increased number of concerns discussed when compared with control consultations. A broader range of expressed concerns was addressed in HN-PCI intervention group. More items within the Psychological/emotional and Spiritual well-being Domain were discussed in HN-PCI intervention groups. In the HN-PCI intervention groups, doctors were fair to moderately more likely to take on the patient’s agenda for discussion by addressing the items selected. These were achieved with a trend towards longer consultations. Consultations with HN-PCI were significantly associated with certain clinicopathological factors. The HN-PCI intervention group showed higher number of medical outputs when compared with control group, suggesting that HN-PCI may facilitate collaborative decision-making. Patients with HN-PCI intervention showed a trend towards lower levels of distress post-consultation and reported significantly higher scores of satisfaction. This study also demonstrated that the HN-PCI was able to indirectly predict patients who experienced significant distress based on the number of items selected. Conclusions HN-PCI was able to help patients disclose a wider range of concerns in cohorts unfamiliar with the tool. Its use is associated with changes in the content of consultations, suggesting a more patient-concern focused consultation. This is possible to create a personalised, patient-centred HNV visit using the HN-PCI. However, there remain service-based barriers to fully realizing the HN-PCI tool in personalising HNC patient’s survivorship trajectory.
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Äng, Björn. "Neck pain in air force pilots : on risk factors, neck motor function and an exercise intervention /." Stockholm, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-168-5/.
Chronic neck pain is a widespread problem that causes individual suffering as well as large costs for the society. The knowledge about the pathophysiology is poor and therefore specific diagnosis and causal treatment are rare. Important knowledge for characterization of the disorders has been gained from research on sensorimotor functions in people with neck pain. Moreover, rehabilitation regimes including sensorimotor exercises indicate promising results. The main objectives of this thesis were to extend the knowledge on sensorimotor dysfunctions in chronic neck pain, and to develop a new exercise method for improving sensorimotor functions of the neck. The studies focused on aspects of postural control and movements of the arm and neck. These are vital functions for many activities of daily living. People with chronic (>3 months) neck pain were compared to healthy controls (CON). Neck pain related to trauma was referred to as whiplash associated disorders (WAD), while neck pain without association to trauma was referred to as non-specific (NS). Arm-functioning was assessed in a pointing task. WAD and NS had reduced pointing precision compared to CON. The reduced precision was associated with self-rated difficulties performing neck movements, physical functioning, and in WAD, also pain and balance disturbances. Postural control was assessed in quiet standing on a force platform without vision. The center of pressure signal was decomposed into it’s slow and fast components. WAD and NS were compared to CON. The results revealed an effect of age on the magnitude of the fast sway component, but no effect of group. The magnitude of the slow component was elevated in both WAD and NS. This increase was associated with self-rated balance disturbance, arm-functioning, difficulties to run and sensory alterations in WAD, while in NS, the increase in the slow sway component was associated with concurrent low back pain. Neck movements were assessed in a cervical axial rotation test with maximal speed. In total 8 variables representing basic kinematics, including variables reflecting movement smoothness and conjunct motions were calculated. NS were compared to CON. Linear discriminant modelling indicated Peak Speed and conjunct motions as significant classification variables that together had a sensitivity of 76.3% and specificity of 77.6%. Retest reliability was good for Peak Speed but poor for the measure of conjunct motions. Peak Speed was slower in NS compared to CON, and even slower in a sub-group of NS with concurrent low back pain. Reduced Peak Speed was associated with self-rated difficulties performing neck movements, car driving, running, sleeping disturbances and pain. The clinical applicability of a novel method for neck coordination exercise was assessed in a pilot study on persons with NS. The results supported the applicability and indicated positive effects of the exercise: reduced postural sway in quiet standing and increased smoothness in cervical rotations. Indications on improvement in self-rated disability and fear of movement were seen at six months follow up. In conclusion, sensorimotor functions can be altered in chronic neck pain, particularly in neck disorders with concurrent low back pain and WAD. The discriminative ability and clinical validity displayed in pointing precision, postural sway and cervical axial rotation speed imply that such tests can be valuable tools in the assessment of chronic neck pain patients, and for selecting and evaluating treatment interventions. Indications of improvements seen in the pilot-study support a future RCT.
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Oompie, Ferdinand Musawenkosi. "The role of computerised tomographic angiograms (CTA) and lateral neck radiographs in penetrating neck oesophageal injuries." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30812.
Background
South Africa has a high rate of injuries related to violence which includes penetrating neck injuries (PNI’s). Of the 163 patients that are annually referred for contrast swallow studies to exclude associated pharyngo-oesophageal injuries (PPOI’s), only 0-14% contrast studies confirm injury. The contrast swallow is still viewed as the ‘gold standard’ for oesophageal pathology even in the modern era of digital general radiography and Multidetector Computerized Tomographic Angiogram (MDCTA). This procedure is however time consuming and requires good cooperation, sometimes from acutely ill patients which is not always possible. This contributes to delay in final management of the patient which is the most significant contributor to associated complications. The study reviewed whether the less time-consuming MDCTA’s and lateral soft tissue radiographs usually performed before the contrast swallow studies can also be used to diagnose POI’s. This will reduce dependence and possibly exclude the contrast swallow study, thus reducing the time delay in POI pre-operative investigations.
Methods
A retrospective review was undertaken of the radiological findings of all patients who presented at Groote Schuur Hospital over a 28-month period with suspected penetrating neck injuries and were investigated with a contrast swallow, MDCTA and lateral soft tissue radiograph. The time interval between request of the contrast swallow study and the final report was calculated as the difference in the time indicated on the Groote Schuur Hospital Philips Extended Internet Radiology Information System (XIRIS) by the requesting clinician and the time indicated on the radiology report after completion of the study on the Philips Picture Archiving and Communicating System (PACS).
Results
Of the 389 patients referred, 153 patients met the study criteria. Fourteen patients (9%) had PPOI’s on contrast swallow. The majority of the patients with PPOI’s had prevertebral air (12; sensitivity of 85.7%), however a majority of patients with prevertebral air had no POI’s (90; specificity of 35.3%). In 28 MDCTA’s where there was suspicion of PPOI’s, six contrast swallows confirmed oesophageal leaks (42.9% sensitivity). Although there was no suspicion of PPOI’S in 125 patients undergoing MDCTA’s, eight were found to be positive for leaks on contrast swallow (84.2% specificity). The mean time interval between request of the contrast swallow study and final report was 586 minutes.
Conclusion
Contrast swallow remains the gold ‘standard’ for diagnosing PPOI’s in patients with PNI’s. The lateral soft tissue radiograph was unreliable in predicting POI’s with a low specificity of 35%. MDCTA’s was also not contributory in assisting diagnoses of PPOI’s with a low sensitivity of 43%. The two modalities can thus not be considered as augmentation or alternative diagnostic modalities. The time delay between the request and reporting of the contrast swallow is longer than that in literature and needs improvement.
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Netto, Kevin J. "Neck loading in high performance combat pilots during aerial combat manoeuvres and specific neck strengthening exercises." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2006. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/43.
Background: Neck pain and injury is a common occurrence in high performance combat pilots (HPCP) around the world. The cause of this has been attributed to exposure to the unavoidable high mechanical loading related to the neck being positioned in non-neutral head postures whilst being exposed to moderate to high +Gz levels. Specific neck conditioning exercises have been proposed as being a possible method to decrease the incidence of neck pain and injury in this population. However, there has been sparsely published research examining the suitability of selected exercises for HPCP who participate in regular aerial combat manoeuvres (ACM).
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Netto, Kevin J. "Neck loading in high performance combat pilots during aerial combat manoeuvres and specific neck strengthening exercises." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://portal.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2007.0027.html.
Chen, Xiuyun. "Fine needle aspiration cytology in the study of neck mass." Thesis, Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31970928.
Skandalakis, Lee J., and John E. Skandalakis. "Neck." In Surgical Anatomy and Technique, 17–89. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8563-6_2.
Guraya, Sardul S. "Neck." In Biology of Spermatogenesis and Spermatozoa in Mammals, 248–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71638-6_9.
Thomaidis, Vasilios K. "Neck." In Cutaneous Flaps in Head and Neck Reconstruction, 313–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41254-7_8.
Mathews, Benji K., and Oana Dickinson. "Neck." In Atlas of Handheld Ultrasound, 49–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73855-0_11.
Visser, Jan Douwes. "Neck." In Pediatric Orthopedics, 7–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40178-2_2.
Yang, Aaron Jay, and Nitin B. Jain. "Neck." In Pain Medicine, 43–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43133-8_11.
Raine, Peter. "Neck." In Pediatric Surgery Digest, 215–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-34033-1_15.
Yee, Christina A., and Homayoon Kazerooni. "A Novel Neck Support Design to Alleviate Worker Neck Pain." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-53261.
Neck pain is common among occupations like dentistry and office work because workers in these professions tend to hold their necks in static flexion for extended periods of time. But there are few products available to help alleviate workers’ neck pain while still allowing them to carry out their daily tasks in varying environments. For example, office workers can use products like ergonomic chairs and desks to help promote proper posture, but these arrangements restrict workers to workspaces equipped with their necessary equipment and proper setup. Meanwhile, in the medical field, products like loupes, lights, and ergonomic workbenches are available to enhance visibility and reduce workers’ neck flexion angles. But these products have yet to fully eliminate the problem of neck pain especially in occupations like dentistry where static neck flexion is common. Therefore, the goal of this project is to develop a new neck support technology which alleviates neck pain caused by static neck flexion while still allowing workers full mobility and functionality in their workplace. Our design decreases muscle loading on the neck during neck flexion by reducing the moment on the neck using a device which acts as a “headrest” to support the head. In turn, the device redistributes forces to the upper body while still allowing full range of motion to the user. More specifically, our design applies an opposing force to the user’s forehead during neck flexion via a force generator attached to a headband which is attached to the head. The force generator is anchored to the upper body to permit use in varying environments without the need for special equipment or setups. We confirmed our design decreases muscle loading by building a prototype then performing surface electromyography (EMG) testing which showed not just a statistically significant reduction in neck muscle activity using one-way analysis of variance, but more distinctly a unanimous decrease in neck muscle activity during neck flexion for all seven test subjects with an overall average decrease of 60% among all subjects and 80% for certain subjects. Once we confirmed our design’s effectiveness in reducing neck muscle activity during static neck flexion which implied the ability to reduce neck strain, we improved our prototype’s functionality and aesthetics based on test subject feedback, our own observations, and dentists’ comments. Then, we performed workplace testing on two dentists with one dentist’s work focused mainly on hygiene while the other dentist’s work focused mostly on dental procedures. Overall, both dentists offered helpful feedback from different dental field perspectives for future prototype improvements with regards to comfort and functionality. They also provided promising comments regarding their visions for future device use which included training dental students on proper posture and applications in other occupations like office work and surgery.
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Kurniadi, Rizal, Yudha S. Perkasa, and Abdul Waris. "Neck curve polynomials in neck rupture model." In THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2011: ICANSE 2011. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4725467.
Paver, Jacqueline G., Justin Caplinger, Garrett Mattos, and Donald Friedman. "Testing of the Prototype Low-Durometer Hybrid III Neck for Improved Biofidelity." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19688.
This study is part of an ongoing research project aimed at mitigating catastrophic human neck injuries, predominantly due to neck bending, in rollover crashes. Presently, the Hybrid III dummy is considered to be the best available human surrogate for dynamic rollover tests. However, there are known biofidelity and instrumentation limitations associated with its use to predict catastrophic neck injuries in real-world rollover crashes. A previous study investigated the use of the non-biofidelic Hybrid III dummy in a dynamic rollover test to accurately predict the predominant human neck bending injury sustained in real-world rollover crashes. An empirical relationship between upper and lower Hybrid III neck loading was derived. The effects of neck preflexion angle, roof impact speed, roof crush, onset-to-peak neck axial forces and moments, and impact duration on neck bending injury were identified. Peak neck injury measures were rejected. For this study, the 67-durometer Hybrid III production neck was fabricated with more compliant 35-durometer butyl rubber in order improve the dummy biofidelity in rollover tests. The tests in the previous study were repeated. Correlations were established between the prototype and production necks. Parametric studies of the prototype neck revealed similar trends as observed with the Hybrid III production neck.
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Mozo, Alberto, Jose Luis López-Presa, and Antonio Fernández Anta. "B-neck." In the 30th annual ACM SIGACT-SIGOPS symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1993806.1993841.
Matsuda, Akira, Kazunori Nozawa, and Jun Rekimoto. "JackIn Neck." In ISS '18: 2018 ACM International Conference on Interactive Surfaces and Spaces. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3279778.3279917.
Shen, Lichao, Mhd Yamen Saraji, Kai Kunze, and Kouta Minamizawa. "Unconstrained Neck." In AH2018: The 9th Augmented Human International Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3174910.3174955.
Stemper, Brian D., Narayan Yoganandan, Jamie L. Baisden, Frank A. Pintar, Barry S. Shender, and Glenn Paskoff. "Biomechanical Implications of Gender-Dependent Muscle Locations." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192339.
Military pilots are subjected to high magnitude inertial loads applied to the head-neck complex during high-G maneuvers. Cervical spinal soft-tissue injuries have occurred in this population [1–3]. Acute injury rates were reported between 54 and 89%, most commonly resulting in muscle or neck pain. Early cervical spine degenerative changes were also identified for fighter pilots [4]. Because the neck muscles are responsible for maintaining head-neck stability, one study hypothesized that cervical injuries in aviators may result from insufficient neck muscle strength to support the head-neck complex during high-G maneuvers [5]. This hypothesis is supported by the finding that pilots participating in pre-injury neck strengthening exercises demonstrated fewer injuries [1]. Although clinical data on the subject are limited, female pilots may be more susceptible to neck injury due to more slender necks and cervical columns that may be less resistant to bending [6, 7]. Differences in neck muscle geometry, in terms of cross-sectional area and positioning, may also lead to differing injury rates. Previous investigations of neck muscle geometry using contemporary medical imaging modalities were conducted with subjects in supine position [8–11], which removes the axial loads of the head and superior cervical structures due to gravity and likely changes neck muscle geometry. To date, no study has outlined gender-dependent neck muscle geometry determined using MRI of subjects in upright, sitting posture. The present hypothesis was that significant gender differences exist in neck muscle geometry.
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Zairi, Fahed. "Axial Neck Pain." In eccElearning Postgraduate Diploma in Spine Surgery. eccElearning, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.28962/01.3.028.
Yamazaki, Yusuke, Shoichi Hasegawa, Hironori Mitake, and Akihiko Shirai. "Neck strap haptics." In SIGGRAPH '19: Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3306214.3338562.
Roberts, J. C., T. P. Harrigan, E. E. Ward, D. Nicolella, L. Francis, T. Eliason, and A. C. Merkle. "The Influence of Neck Kinematics on Brain Pressures and Strains Under Blast Loading." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-64821.
Strains and pressures in the brain are known to be influenced by rotation of the head in response to loading. This brain rotation is governed by the motion of the head, as permitted by the neck, due to loading conditions. In order to better understand the effect neck characteristics have on pressures and strains in the brain, a human head finite element model (HHFEM) was attached to two neck FEMs: a standard, well characterized Hybrid III Anthropometric Test Device neck FEM; and a high fidelity parametric probabilistic human FEM neck that has been hierarchically validated. The Hybrid III neck is well-established in automotive injury prevention studies, but is known to be much stiffer than in vivo human necks. The parametric FEM is based on CT scans and anatomic data, and the components of the model are validated against biomechanical tests at the component and system level. Both integrated head-neck models were loaded using pressure histories based on shock tube exposures. The shock tube loading applied to these head models were obtained using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the HHFEM surface in front of a 6 inch diameter shock tube. The calculated pressure-time histories were then applied to the head-neck models. The global head rotations, pressures, brain displacements, and brain strains of both head-neck models were compared for shock tube driver pressures from 517 to 862 kPa. The intracranial pressure response occurred in the first 1 to 5 msec, after blast impact, prior to a significant kinematic response, and was very similar between the two models. The global head rotations and the strains in the brain occurred at 20 to 100 msec after blast impact, and both were approximately two times higher in the model using the head parametric probabilistic neck FEM (H2PN), as compared to the model using the head Hybrid III neck FEM (H3N). It was also discovered that the H2PN exhibited an initial backward and small downward motion in the first 10 ms not seen in the H3N. The increased displacements and strains were the primary difference between the two combined models, indicating that neck constraints are a significant factor in the strains induced by blast loading to the head. Therefore neck constraints should be carefully controlled in studies of brain strain due to blast, but neck constraints are less important if pressure response is the only response parameter of primary interest.
Звіти організацій з теми "Neck":
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Ahmed, Abdul, and Will Rodgers. Neck Dissection. Touch Surgery Publications, October 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18556/touchsurgery/2016.s0147.
Koyama, Lance. NEC2, NEC3, and NEC4 on a Convex Mini-Supercomputer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada265891.
Xiang, Zhou, Zhao Chen, Rong Luo, and Yun Yang. Comparison of femoral neck system and cannulated screw of femoral neck fractures – a meta-analysis and systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.9.0070.
Liu, Zhen, Zhizhen Lv, Jiao Shi, Yubo Huang, Huazhi Huang, Hongjiao Wu, and Lijiang Lv. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials of Manipulative Therapy for Patients with Chronic Neck Pain. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0123.
Review question / Objective: Manipulative therapy has been increasingly applied to alleviate those who suffer from chronic neck pain. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to determine the efficacy of manipulative therapy for chronic neck pain. P: Patients with Chronic Neck Pain. I: Manipulative therapy. C: Exercise, rehabilitation, or other physical therapy. O: Pain intensity and Neck disability. S: Randomized controlled trials. Condition being studied: Pain in the neck is a disagreeable sensory and emotional experience associated with the potential or actual damage of tissue that affects the cervical region. Pain in the neck that lasts for a long period is a serious problem for public health that causes a lot of pressure. Manipulative therapy is usually considered an alternative treatment option with the advantages of fewer verse effects and lower treatment costs compared to exercise. Therefore, this study retrieved the relevant randomized controlled trials of manipulative therapy in the treatment of chronic neck pain and conducted a comprehensive quantitative analysis to offer an evidence-based reference for the clinical application of manipulative therapy.
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Loomis, T. A., J. A. Hodgdon, L. Hervig, and W. K. Prusacyzk. Neck and Back Pain in E-2C HAWKEYE Aircrew. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada389467.
Wang, Shanshan, Yingjiao Xu, and Hongbo Wang. Development of a 3D Neck Model for Chinese Male Professionals. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, November 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1291.
Pereira, Daniela, Diana Martins, and Fernando Mendes. Immunotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer When, How and Why? INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.8.0016.
