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Статті в журналах з теми "Nature Effect of human beings on"
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Vaidya, Dr Varsha, and Mr Siddharth Patil. "A Story of Scattered Hearts: Kiran Desai’s The Inheritance of Loss." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 8, no. 2 (February 28, 2020): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v8i2.10414.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Human beings are so fragile and impatient that they are easily subjected on emotional basis. It is in human nature that they empathise everything that emotionally attach with them. Emotion plays a vital role in the entire world of human relationship. It is not inept to note here that our thoughts are often forms the core of our actions. It reflects the framework of our psychology greatly. There are instances in the world of living where one work affects because of the mood of a person. Deliberately, the writers across the world develop and circle their thoughts around emotional balance of human beings in various points. They successfully stress the effect of a particular crisis and it’s outcomes on human mind. The present research paper deals with the effects of such crisis on the lives of human being who are deeply engulfed in their normal life. The study is a sincere endeavour to bring to the fore a serious effect of Nepali-a politically motivated-uprising on the common man living peacefully, amicably in harmony with nature.
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Ustahaliloğlu, M. K. "Rights, Not «To» but «Of» the Nature: Legal Deal with Meal." Lex Russica 76, no. 2 (March 2, 2023): 122–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2023.195.2.122-133.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The dilemma that human-beings are in is that; while they are aware that the sustainment of their own living fully depends on the sustainment of the natural-beings’ living, on the one hand, they also want to use (usus), exploit (fructus), and even abuse (abusus) them, on the other. This dilemma has emerged after the viewing of the natural-beings as «resources» has proved that they are not endless by causing the extinction of many of them. It is an undeniable fact that natural-beings are the only sources for the sustainability of all beings’ life. However; this, by no means, means that they can be used, exploited, and abused as one wishes. For, there is a miraculous circulation in nature that can be summarized as the «butterfly effect»: The planet we live on is like a closed circuit; that is, no being vanishes but just rots, dissolves and transforms into another being. Let’s take a look at the water: it drops from a cloud onto the earth in its pure form; it forms the rivers, lakes, seas, and oceans; it is absorbed by the soil; after being absorbed from there by a plant, via the roots thereof, it is mixed up with other chemicals therein and been stored thereby in the form of a fruit appetizing for animals and humanbeings; it turns into the blood after being digested in these beings’ bodies; it travels through the veins within their bodies; it returns back to the nature through the excretion and sweating processes or their burial upon the death of these beings; from where it evaporates to form another cloud. Let’s take a look at the oxygen: it exists in, in addition to the air, all the places mentioned above wherein exists the water, of which it is a component, together with a pair of hydrogens — which is such a miraculous composition: a couple of flammable gas together with a burner gas, instead of creating a fire, creates a fire-extinguisher liquid-; it flies all around along with other gases; as a result of being inhaled by animal and human-beings at all-times and by plants only at night-times, it couples with another oxygen and one carbon and turns into a carbon-dioxide; returns back to its original form as a result of the photosynthesis process of plants during daytime.Therefore; the soil formed by minerals and organic materials, the Sun, the air, and the water, all together make the living of plants, animals, and human-beings possible. Plants make it possible for almost all animals and humanbeings to live, and animals make it possible for most human-beings and some plants to live. These two naturalliving-beings, besides water, should be consumed as the only source of food for the continuation of human life. The exact same particles in these beings, just in the same way they have been doing so since the beginning of time, do also compose the bodies of human-beings that consume them by eating and drinking; and they will again transform back to their original states in order to form a new corpse that will host a new soul after the death of these human-beings too.The natural-beings that we now see in their form of the meal are only unvanishable in their particle form as clearly seen in the extinct-natural-living-beings’ case of both plants and animals. This reality brings us to the conclusion that; we must protect them, i.e., stop destroying them, at least for our own sake. The mostly used legal tool for this protection is a punishment-based method, in which the foreseen actions are prohibited as a rule by the legislator, and those who violate them are punished with the penalties prescribed by the courts. Two of the most important shortcomings of this method are to impose sanctions on unforeseen acts and to ensure that the foreseen sanctions serve to compensate the damaged natural-beings. There is an alternative method, that is in use in a few countries, fulfilling the above-mentioned shortcomings: attributing legal personality to natural-beings. According to this; first, an action may be brought for compensation for damage to a natural-being, whether foreseen by the legislator or not; secondly, the court considers the actual damage done to the naturalbeing instead of a predetermined fixed amount as in the case of a fine; thirdly, the compensation determined by the court serves to compensate the damages of the natural-being. Such a change of perspective towards them would make a huge difference in simplifying and effectuating their protection method.In this paper, we will examine a new legal personality status, which we define as «legal deal with the meal» by analogy with «social contract», under the name of «natural personality», which will enable natural-beings to have their own rights.
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Dhungel, Nabaraj. "Man-Nature Relationship in L P Devkota’s Poems: An Ecological Study." Literary Studies 33 (March 31, 2020): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/litstud.v33i0.38058.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Man-nature relationship is one of the central themes of great poet Laxmi Prasad Devkota. This relationship is both analogous and Antithetical. Nature is source of life, knowledge and pleasure foe human beings. But at the same time it is cruel and angry giving pain and suffering to human beings. Similarly, man both loves and exploits the nature. On the one hand, they worship nature as god but on the other hand, they make it the source of earning deteriorating it. Instead of enjoying its beauty and positively using nature, human beings try to get maximum profit from nature irrationally utilizing it which causes adverse effects in the ecosystem and the whole universe. Many of his poems focus on mundane elements of the human and the natural world.
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Code, Lorraine. "Second Persons." Canadian Journal of Philosophy Supplementary Volume 13 (1987): 357–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.1987.10715942.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Assumptions about what it is to be human are implicit in most philosophical reflections upon ethical and epistemological issues. Although such assumptions are not usually elaborated into a comprehensive theory of human nature, they are nonetheless influential in beliefs about what kinds of problem are worthy of consideration, and in judgments about the adequacy of proposed solutions. Claims to the effect that one should not be swayed by feelings and loyalties in the making of moral decisions, for example, presuppose that human beings are creatures whose nature is amenable to guidance by reason rather than emotion and are creatures capable of living well when they act as impartially as possible. Analogously, claims to the effect that knowledge, to merit that title, should be acquired out of independent cognitive endeavour uncluttered by opinion and hearsay, suggest that human beings are creatures who can come to know their environment through their own unaided efforts. And claims to the effect that knowledge, once acquired, is timelessly and universally true depend upon assumptions about the constancy and uniformity of human nature across historical and cultural boundaries.
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Sa’dan, Masthuriyah. "ISLAMIC SCIENCE, NATURE AND HUMAN BEINGS: A DISCUSSION ON ZIAUDDIN SARDAR'S THOUGHTS." Walisongo: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan 23, no. 2 (December 27, 2015): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/ws.2015.23.2.278.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p class="IIABSBARU">Currently the development of western science has been very advanced. However, the development of western science only concerns towards big profits without any consideration about the side effects of science development itself. The western science has marginalized the aspects of metaphysics and theology so that the western science arises materialistic characteristics for human beings, ecological damage, and disharmonic situations between nature and human. This writing discussed Ziauddin Sardar thoughts about Islamic science applying descriptive analysis approach. In Sardar’s thoughts, Muslim community must not follow western science; nevertheless, Muslim community may have Islamic science, having the Islamic characteristic and value. The characteristics of Islamic science cannot be separated from the ten parameters such as <em>tawḥīd, khilāfah</em><em>, ’ibādah</em>, <em>’ilm, ḥalāl, ḥarām, ’adl, ẓulm, istiṣlāḥ</em> and <em>diyā’</em>.</p><p class="IIABSBARU" align="center">***</p>Pada era sekarang ini perkembangan sains telah mengalami kemajuan yang sangat pesat. Namun kemajuan sains hanya mengambil keuntungan sebesar-besarnya, tanpa memikirkan dampak dari perkembangan sains itu sendiri. Sains telah memarginalkan sisi metafisika dan teologi sehingga sains Barat menimbulkan sifat materialistis bagi manusia, kerusakan ekologi, dan ketidakharmonisan antara alam dan manusia. Tulisan ini mengkaji pemikiran Ziauddin Sardar tentang sains Islam dengan pendekatan analisis deskriptif. Dalam pandangan Sardar, masyarakat Muslim tidak harus mengekor sains Barat, akan tetapi masyarakat Muslim bisa memiliki sains sebagai karakteristik sains yang bercorak dan bernilai Islam yakni sains Islam. Adapun karaketeristik sains Islam tidak lepas dari sepuluh parameter yang meliputi <em>tawḥīd, khilāfah</em><em>, ’ibādah</em>, <em>’ilm, ḥalāl, ḥarām, ’adl, ẓulm, istiṣlāḥ</em> dan <em>diyā’</em>.
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Sa’dan, Masthuriyah. "ISLAMIC SCIENCE, NATURE AND HUMAN BEINGS: A DISCUSSION ON ZIAUDDIN SARDAR'S THOUGHTS." Walisongo: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan 23, no. 2 (December 27, 2015): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/ws.23.2.278.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p class="IIABSBARU">Currently the development of western science has been very advanced. However, the development of western science only concerns towards big profits without any consideration about the side effects of science development itself. The western science has marginalized the aspects of metaphysics and theology so that the western science arises materialistic characteristics for human beings, ecological damage, and disharmonic situations between nature and human. This writing discussed Ziauddin Sardar thoughts about Islamic science applying descriptive analysis approach. In Sardar’s thoughts, Muslim community must not follow western science; nevertheless, Muslim community may have Islamic science, having the Islamic characteristic and value. The characteristics of Islamic science cannot be separated from the ten parameters such as <em>tawḥīd, khilāfah</em><em>, ’ibādah</em>, <em>’ilm, ḥalāl, ḥarām, ’adl, ẓulm, istiṣlāḥ</em> and <em>diyā’</em>.</p><p class="IIABSBARU" align="center">***</p>Pada era sekarang ini perkembangan sains telah mengalami kemajuan yang sangat pesat. Namun kemajuan sains hanya mengambil keuntungan sebesar-besarnya, tanpa memikirkan dampak dari perkembangan sains itu sendiri. Sains telah memarginalkan sisi metafisika dan teologi sehingga sains Barat menimbulkan sifat materialistis bagi manusia, kerusakan ekologi, dan ketidakharmonisan antara alam dan manusia. Tulisan ini mengkaji pemikiran Ziauddin Sardar tentang sains Islam dengan pendekatan analisis deskriptif. Dalam pandangan Sardar, masyarakat Muslim tidak harus mengekor sains Barat, akan tetapi masyarakat Muslim bisa memiliki sains sebagai karakteristik sains yang bercorak dan bernilai Islam yakni sains Islam. Adapun karaketeristik sains Islam tidak lepas dari sepuluh parameter yang meliputi <em>tawḥīd, khilāfah</em><em>, ’ibādah</em>, <em>’ilm, ḥalāl, ḥarām, ’adl, ẓulm, istiṣlāḥ</em> dan <em>diyā’</em>.
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Jena, Anita, and Sarita Kar. "Human and Nature: Developing Virtues for Environmental Responsive Behaviour." Problemy Ekorozwoju 18, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/pe.2023.1.18.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The environmental issues such as deforestation, climate change, ozone layer depletion, greenhouse effect and pollution of air, water and soil rises due to unethical activity of human beings and behaviour of humankind. Environmental degradation and the deterioration of human moral values are inter-connected with each other. So, environmental revolution required a transformation in human behaviour. Virtue ethics could be used as an instrument to develop a pro-environmental behaviour. Virtue ethics is primarily concerned with what kind of people we should be, what kind of characters we should have, and how we should act. This directly develops one’s moral character as well as pro-environmental character and behaviour, i.e., wisely use the natural resources; develop the habit to preserve the nature. Virtue ethics would be built to bridge the gap between human behaviour and the needs of environment. This paper emphasizes the implications of virtue ethics to bring changes in human character and behaviour to resolve the current environmental problems.
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Sharma, G. N., and B. K. Chary. "Nature of God From A Logical Lense." International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention 10, no. 02 (February 23, 2023): 7725–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsshi/v10i02.04.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Every living being struggles for existence which but natural. However, Man is a thinking animal and therefore more than surviving on the basis of instincts he goes on analysing a situation and tries to confirm the cause of every phenomenon. To live is to struggle and to struggle does not mean any sort of misfortune. However, the fact that remains is that there are varieties in struggle. On the physical plane it is really unfortunate if the body constitution is not being normal and witnessed by others. But then when it comes to the mental plane, it is behind the screen and only those closely acquainted experience the effect of the shortcomings. Overall scenario is of some deficiency realized by one and all, with rare exceptions, if any. Those who are evolved beings do claim to be unaffected by the worldly affairs but then they are also not spared with regard to the uneasiness. In short, human existence is accompanied by sufferings and it can go without any debate. At the most we may claim that the tender or sensitive souls suffer more than any other type. By birth itself human beings are bound to experience the very need of companionship and a caretaker. As one advances in life, the need remains same but picks up a different configuration. With every phase somehow what remains common is the trust in God expecting him to be always accompanying us. Furthermore, as an add on effect, we also expect him to do justice by monitoring more of our intentions and subsequently actions. A naive mind goes with the available scriptures, word by word, expecting their performance to be cent percent. Much of the harm is done by the societal norms or conventions which have never undergone any revision. Only a meagre percentage of our population that claims to be atheistic is supposed to be exempted from such tensions. The genuine problem with people is not about the existence of God but nature of his functioning. This is because, at any rate, it does not coincide with our rather forced assumptions. Therefore it is wise to get into the historical details right from the creation so that the genuine concept can be understood and placed before the upcoming generation. This paper attempts to cover important philosophies related to this subject.
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Huang, Xiang, Liangyi Luo, Xinyi Li, Yingxin Lin, Zhiqiang Chen, and Chen Jin. "How Do Nature-Based Activities Benefit Essential Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic? The Mediating Effect of Nature Connectedness." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 24 (December 8, 2022): 16501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416501.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Although many studies have suggested that nature-based activities have a healing effect on human beings, there is little research on the underlying mechanism. This study investigated the role of nature connectedness in the relationship between the perception of nature and individuals’ physical and psychological health. We recruited essential workers who participated in disease prevention and control during the COVID-19 pandemic and their family members as the subjects for this study. The stress levels experienced by this group made them an ideal sample. The results of a survey-based study showed that nature-based activities had a positive effect on alleviating state anxiety levels. The results also showed that nature-based activities affected perceived restoration via the feeling of nature connectedness. This study examined the healing effect of nature-based activities that stimulate the five senses and nature connectedness and explored the potential of nature-based treatments for people experiencing high levels of stress.
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Goldworth, Amnon. "Informed Consent in the Human Genome Enterprise." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 4, no. 3 (1995): 296–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100006046.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
When Jean-Paul Sartre, the French existentialist philosopher, declared some four decades ago that man makes himself, this assertion was based on Sartre's belief that human beings do not possess an essential human nature. Man's self creation had to do with his freedom to choose the roles that he played or could play, and their attendant effects on his attitudes and responsibilities. It said nothing about his freedom to alter his biological nature.
Дисертації з теми "Nature Effect of human beings on"
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Redman, William Laurence. "Language, myth, and perceptions in writing about the natural environment." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1593.
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Surgenor, Hazel. "A phenomenological investigation into the experiences of practicing counselling psychology and psychotherapy out doors." Thesis, Regent's University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.646073.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study explores the significance for practitioners of taking their therapeutic work outside of the traditional therapy room, typically into nature spaces, parks or gardens. Attention is paid to the notion of the therapeutic frame and relevant ecopsychology theory. While there is substantial literature around ecotherapy and the benefits of nature to wellbeing, there is relatively little concerning working as a psychotherapist outdoors. The purpose of this research therefore was to address the question of what it is like to take a therapeutic practice out of doors and the potential challenges. Eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with practitioners with experience of working out of doors with clients. Following van Manen’s (1990) hermeneutic phenomenology research methodology, five themes were found: boundaries and new frontiers, fitting in, what ‘they’ think, and who is it for (parts I and II). The research aim, to grasp the meaning of this unconventional practice from the practitioners’ perspective, was mirrored in the analysis which revealed that meaning for the participants is complex and concerns for the client as well as personal concerns were seen as fundamental to the experience. Relationships to and the presence of nature in the work were also recognised as significant and identified a tension around the unquantifiable experience of the ‘soulfulness’ of nature in the work versus the measurable elements of nature that have therapeutic benefit. The scarcity of practitioners working outdoors was attributed to a lack of indoor therapists’ understanding of the processes involved which was seen to impact upon participants’ experiences in their work outdoors. The emergent themes in this research emphasise for counselling psychology an on-going need to review therapeutic dogma, encompass the wider world in the context of therapeutic practice and expand current notions of mental health and psychopathology to engender greater pluralism in theory and practice.
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Maxey, George F. "Geology as a Georegional Influence on Quercus Fagaceae Distribution in Denton and Coke Counties of Central and North Central Texas and Choctaw County of Southeastern Oklahoma, Using GIS as an Analytical Tool." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5144/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study elucidates the underlying relationships for the distribution of oak landcover on bedrock and soil orders in two counties in Texas and one in Oklahoma. ESRI's ArcGis and ArcMap was used to create surface maps for Denton and Coke Counties, Texas and Choctaw County, Oklahoma. Attribute tables generated in GIS were exported into a spreadsheet software program and frequency tables were created for every formation and soil order in the tri-county research area. The results were both a visual and numeric distribution of oaks in the transition area between the eastern hardwood forests and the Great Plains. Oak distributions are changing on this transition area of the South Central Plains. The sandy Woodbine and Antlers formations traditionally associated with the largest oak distribution are carrying oak coverage of approximately 31-32% in Choctaw and Denton Counties. The calcareous Blackland and Grand Prairies are traditionally associated with treeless grasslands, but are now carrying oak and other tree landcover up to 18.9%. Human intervention, including the establishment of artificial, political and social boundaries, urbanization, farming and fire control have altered the natural distribution of oaks and other landcover of this unique georegion.
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Borg, Laura Anne. "Impact of environmental expo on eight graders' self-perceived environmental behaviors." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3218.
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Warman, Craig S. "Understanding the spatial and temporal variation in anthropogenically induced channel response in the Irwin River catchment." University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0214.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The Irwin River catchment, located in the central western region of Western Australia, has been the scene of significant geomorphological change over both historical and geological timescales. This thesis focuses on the most recent of these changes, the anthropogenic imprint, through the development of a catchment-scale understanding of system behaviour. Analysis and modelling of changes in the hydrological behaviour of the system indicates that while the Irwin River has displayed a natural susceptibility to large flood events, these have been exacerbated by the widespread clearing of native vegetation throughout the catchment. As a result, when such events do occur, the catchment response is now larger, more direct and has a greater ability to cause erosion. However, the nature and detail of sediment yield processes and stream channel response varies markedly throughout the system. A series of representative channel reaches, as defined by their planform characteristics, geometry and architecture, are presented to illustrate spatial changes in stream channel behaviour. A distinct variation in river morphotypes is seen both downstream throughout the system as well as across the tributary sub-catchments of the Irwin River, Lockier River and Green Brook. This inter and intra sub-catchment variation in stream channel response can be attributed to changes in the boundary conditions and coupling mechanisms in operation throughout the Irwin River system. The pronounced spatial variability in response to human disturbance and the changing nature of catchment-scale connectivity seen in the Irwin River system differs markedly to that reported elsewhere in the literature. Appreciation of the variability in form, behaviour and evolutionary history throughout the Irwin River catchment not only provides the foundation for effective management but also contributes to a wider understanding of fluvial system behaviour. Unlike the majority of existing literature, which tends to identify and measure channel changes in a single catchment where historical variation to the sediment and discharge regime is well known, this study demonstrates the role of boundary conditions in determining the response of the fluvial system to changing environmental controls.
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Walshe, Bridget. "Driftwood, making sense of a life informed by nature." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0018/MQ51497.pdf.
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Wada, Yoshihiko. "The myth of sustainable development, the ecological footprint of Japanese consumption." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0015/NQ46441.pdf.
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Black, Manu School of Biological Earth & Environmental Sciences UNSW. "A late quaternary palaeoenvironmental investigation of the fire, climate, human and vegetation nexus from the Sydney basin, Australia." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/25745.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
It is widely believed that Australian Aboriginals utilised fire to manage various landscapes however to what extent this impacted on Australia???s ecosystems remains uncertain. The late Pleistocene/Holocene fire history from three sites within the Sydney Basin, Gooches Swamp, Lake Baraba and Kings Waterhole, were compared with archaeological and palaeoclimatic data using a novel method of quantifying macroscopic charcoal, which is presented in this study. The palynology and other palaeoecological proxies were also investigated at the three sites. The Gooches Swamp fire record appeared to be most influenced by climate and there was an abrupt increase in fire activity from the mid-Holocene perhaps associated with the onset of modern El Ni??o dominated conditions. The Kings Waterhole site also displayed an abrupt increase in charcoal at this time however there was a marked decrease in charcoal from ~3 ka. Lake Baraba similarly had displayed low levels of charcoal in the late Holocene. At both Kings Waterhole and Lake Baraba archaeological evidence suggests intensified human activity in the late Holocene during this period of lower and less variable charcoal. It is hence likely that at these sites Aboriginal people controlled fire activity in the late Holocene perhaps in response to the increased risk of large intense fires under an ENSO-dominated climate. The fire history of the Sydney Basin varies temporally and spatially and therefore it is not possible to make generalisations about pre-historic fire regimes. It is also not possible to use ideas about Aboriginal fire regimes or pre-historic activity as a management objective. The study demonstrates that increased fire activity is related to climatic variation and this is likely to be of significance under various enhanced Greenhouse scenarios. There were no major changes in the composition of the flora at all sites throughout late Pleistocene/Holocene although there were some changes in the relative abundance of different taxa. It is suggested that the Sydney Sandstone flora, which surrounds the sites, is relatively resistant to environmental changes. Casuarinaceae was present at Lake Baraba during the Last Glacial Maximum and therefore the site may have acted as a potential refugium for more mesic communities. There was a notable decline in Casuarinaceae during the Holocene at Lake Baraba and Kings Waterhole, a trend that has been found at a number of sites from southeastern Australia.
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Conradie, Petra Stefanie. "A psychological inquiry into the relationship between people and the natural environment." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52126.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thesis (Msc)--Stellenbosch University, 2001ENGLISH ABSTRACT: There has been a growing awareness of nature among psychologists in recent years, both in terms of how psychology can contribute to the preservation of nature, and utilise its benefits for human beings. In this paper both these aspects of the human-nature relationship are explored. The sense of connectedness between people and nature appears to be the common ground between these two approaches, and it is recommended that experiential as well as cognitive elements of the relationship should be recognised. A limited qualitative pilot study was conducted with five participants of a weekend wilderness experience. All the participants were female first year psychology students. Confirming previous research, this study found that the experience of nature is highly individualised, and includes heightened self-awareness, relaxation, social relationships, spiritual elements, and a sense of connectedness to nature.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sielkundiges raak toenemend bewus van die natuur, in terme van die wyses waarop sielkunde kan bydra tot die beskerming van die omgewing, asook waarop die voordele wat dit vir die mens inhou, benut kan word. Beide aspekte van die verhouding tussen mens en natuur word in hierdie studie ondersoek. Die noue verbintenis tussen mens en natuur blyk die onderliggende faktor tot beide benaderings te wees, en dit word aanbeveel dat die eksperiënsiële sowel as kognitiewe elemente van hierdie verhouding in ag geneem moet word. 'n Beperkte kwalitatiewe loods-studie is uitgevoer met vyf deelnemers van 'n wildemes-ervaring, almal vroulike eerste-jaar sielkunde studente. In ooreenstemming met vorige navorsing het hierdie studie bevind dat die ervaring van die natuur hoogs geïndividualiseerd is, en verhoogde self-gewaarwording, ontspanning, sosiale verhoudings, spirituale elemente, en 'n sin van verbintenis aan die natuur, insluit.
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Broxson, Bruce Vincent. "Environmental fairs: An examination of the 1999 Inland Empire Environmental EXPO." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1883.
Повний текст джерелаКниги з теми "Nature Effect of human beings on"
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Bronislaw, Szerszynski, Heim Wallace, and Waterton Claire, eds. Nature performed: Environment, culture and performance. Oxford: Blackwell Pub./Sociological Review, 2003.
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François, Marcel. La nature est sacrée. Tournai: Cercle Scientifique et Historique, 1987.
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Terrasson, F. La civilisation anti-nature. Monaco: Editions du Rocher, 1994.
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India) National Seminar on "Man-Nature Interface" (2014 Santiniketan. Man-nature interface. Kolkata: Sopan, 2016.
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McHarg, Ian L. Design with nature. 2nd ed. New York: J. Wiley, 1994.
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McHarg, Ian L. Design with nature. New York: J. Wiley, 1992.
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Brokaw, Tom, Stephanie Mills, and Carstensen Jeanne. In praise of nature. Washington, D.C: Island Press, 1990.
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Moran, Emilio F. People and nature: An introduction to human ecological relations. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2006.
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Paul, Ellen Frankel, Jeffrey Paul, and Fred Dycus Miller. Natural resources, the environment, and human welfare. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
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Goudie, Andrew. The human impact on the natural environment: Past, present and future. Chichester, West Sussex [England]: Wiley-Blackwell, 2013.
Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Nature Effect of human beings on"
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Gautam, Bhanu Pratap Singh, Manjul Gondwal, and Navneet Kishore. "Adverse Effect in Human Beings Associated with Excess Dietary Protein Intake." In Biomedical Applications of Natural Proteins, 115–28. New Delhi: Springer India, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2491-4_9.
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Sánchez Sorondo, Marcelo. "The AI and Robot Entity." In Robotics, AI, and Humanity, 173–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54173-6_14.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractRobots are instruments of the human being who is intelligent and free. Aristotle defines being free as the one that is cause of himself or exists on his own and for himself (causa sui or causa sui ipsius). By contrast, the instrument is not a cause of itself and does not work by the power of its entity, but only by the motion imparted by the principal agent, so that the effect is not likened to the instrument but to the principal agent. From the Christian perspective, for a being to be free and a cause of himself, it is necessary that he/she be a person endowed with a spiritual and incorruptible soul, on which his or her cognitive and free activity is based. An artificially intelligent robotic entity does not meet this standard. As an artefact and not a natural reality, the AI/robotic entity is invented by human beings to fulfil a purpose imposed by human beings. It can become a perfect entity that performs operations in quantity and quality more precisely than a human being, but it cannot choose for itself a different purpose from what it was programmed for by a human being. As such, the artificially intelligent robot is a means at the service of humans.
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Fang, Wei-Ta, Arba’at Hassan, and Ben A. LePage. "Environmental Literacy." In Sustainable Development Goals Series, 93–126. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4234-1_4.
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AbstractEnvironmental literacy is an abstract concept and a subjective imagination. We see that this chapter discusses environmental educationlearningmotivations, awareness and sensitivity, values and attitudes, mobilization skills, mobilization experience, environmental behavior, and aesthetic literacy in the cultivation of literacy. The above connotations of environmental literacy all need to construct the inherent goodness of human beings. We particularly hope that environmental literacy can be externalized to achieve changes in human-friendly environmental behavior. In other words, if the environmental literacy of the entire population can be strengthened, we can work together to form environmental cohesion, cultivate modern socialcitizens, generate environmental collectiveconsciousness and awareness, and then based on the eternalbelief in naturaldecision-making and environmental protection. This could promote a comfortable space and a clean home for sustainable development. Therefore, from the process that human beings can perceive and understand the environment, we have experienced the awareness of environmental changes. We need to improve environmental literacy to form the transformation of the collectivehumanconsciousnessstructure, so as to be aware of the externalenvironment, that is the learning process. If, literacy is the overall effect of a learning process, then our final collectiveenvironmental consciousness will change from thought to proper behavior. These changes will affect the stage tasks of sustainable development. Then, based on empathy and awareness of all things, we should realize the sense of responsibility and eternal value as human beings, protect nature, and accept the challenges of future environmental changes.
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Yi, Guyi, and Ilaria Di Carlo. "Cyborgian Approach of Eco-interaction Design Based on Machine Intelligence and Embodied Experience." In Proceedings of the 2020 DigitalFUTURES, 79–90. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4400-6_8.
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AbstractThe proliferation of digital technology has swelled the amount of time people spent in cyberspace and weakened our sensibility of the physical world. Human beings in this digital era are already cyborgs as the smart devices have become an integral part of our life. Imagining a future where human totally give up mobile phones and embrace nature is neither realistic nor reasonable. What we should aim to explore is the opportunities and capabilities of digital technology in terms of fighting against its own negative effect - cyber addiction, and working as a catalyst that re-embeds human into outdoor world.Cyborgian systems behave through embedded intelligence in the environment and discrete wearable devices for human. In this way, cyborgian approach enables designers to take advantages of digital technologies to achieve two objectives: one is to improve the quality of environment by enhancing our understanding of non-human creatures; the other is to encourage a proper level of human participation without disturbing eco-balance.Finally, this paper proposed a cyborgian eco-interaction design model which combines top-down and bottom-up logics and is organized by the Internet of Things, so as to provide a possible solution to the concern that technologies are isolating human and nature.
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Roth, Leon. "Human Beings as Parts of Nature." In Spinoza, 93–114. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003412564-8.
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Nundy, Samiran, Atul Kakar, and Zulfiqar A. Bhutta. "Understanding Medical Biostatistics." In How to Practice Academic Medicine and Publish from Developing Countries?, 95–116. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5248-6_10.
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AbstractVariation is a law of nature that makes this universe beautiful. In healthcare, two human beings, though genetically similar, may not respond equally to the same drug. The same drug may also have a varying response and become ineffective in an individual over a period of time. When we look at a population of individuals, variations are so prominent that no two individuals are ever exactly alike. There may be several factors for these variations among individuals which include those which are due to biological, genetic, environmental, or ecological effects [1]. Variations also occur when we sample these individuals. Moreover, variability in the observers themselves may also contribute to variations in assessment. These variations are bound to occur whatever may be the reasons and consequently lead to uncertainties in clinical practice, identification of risk factors, and policy planning.
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Scola, Card Angelo. "Taking in the Real: Human Beings and the Earth." In Protecting Nature, Saving Creation, 19–26. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137342669_3.
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Bonfiglioli, Riccardo. "Natural Self-correction and Human Beings." In Human Nature, Mind and the Self in Adam Smith's Moral Philosophy, 103–20. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56779-7_7.
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Ivanhoe, P. J. "Human Beings and Nature in Traditional Chinese Thought." In A Companion to World Philosophies, 155–64. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781405164566.ch9.
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Aknin, Lara B. "Revising Policy to Reflect Our Better Nature." In Human Flourishing, 71–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09786-7_5.
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AbstractGovernments should help citizens thrive, not merely survive. Doing so means alleviating stress and addressing mental illness, as well as amplifying positive experiences and emotions that allow humans to blossom and grow. But what factors support human flourishing? In this chapter, I challenge early pessimistic views of human nature as purely selfish by summarizing evidence demonstrating that humans are social and prosocial beings. Critically, I discuss how social and prosocial behavior have been repeatedly shown to promote well-being, a finding that aligns with numerous theories espousing that meaningful social connections are the essential feature to human flourishing (Ryff and Singer, Personality and Social Psychology Review 4(1):30–44, 2000). Using these insights, I suggest that institutions should revise their policies to mirror and inspire human proclivities to connect and care.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Nature Effect of human beings on"
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Chen, Bin, Jiayin Zhu, Yiqiang Xie, Jinglong Zhang, Shuxin Bai, Jun Chen, and Xiang Li. "Study on the Philosophy "Harmony Between Human Beings and Nature" and its Effect on Solar Architecture Design." In ISES Solar World Congress 2011. Freiburg, Germany: International Solar Energy Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18086/swc.2011.17.03.
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Şirikçi, Tuğçe. "The Effect of Wood on Japanese Architecture: The Sample of The Horyu-Ji Temple." In 4th International Conference of Contemporary Affairs in Architecture and Urbanism – Full book proceedings of ICCAUA2020, 6-8 May 2020. Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.38027/iccaua2021tr0057n20.
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Traditional Japanese architecture consists of natural wood, hay, earthenware, and similar types of materials. Japanese architecture has a linear structure. The main purpose of Japanese architecture is to be unified. Many of the materials used here have a higher moisture protection function than those made of plywood or spinning. The structure has a breathing mechanism that naturally preserves good air and moisture. The fact that Japan is rich in vegetation has a great effect on the formation of natural materials. There is a bond in Japanese architecture that respects the harmony between human and nature. Human beings are a part of nature. This article refers to the oldest wooden building in the world. The first world cultural heritage in Japanese architecture, and the temple of Horyu-ji, which has been standing for over 1300 years. The aim is to investigate the aesthetic, ethical awareness and ethnology of traditional wood used on Japanese architecture. While the structure and varieties of wood refer to the findings on the buildings, it is an attempt to approach the "lifestyle and values" of the wood form and structure.
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Derdous, Rym. "WOMEN AND NATURE: ECOPSYCOCHOLOGICAL FILM READING." In London –International Conference on Social Science & Humanities, 23-24April 2024. Global Research & Development Services, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.20319/icssh.2024.242.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nature-based studies yielded significant results concerning the psychological benefits of nature exposure. As such, ecopsychology is concerned with the relation human beings have with the surrounding environment. Using a multimodal approach comprising textual film analysis and ecopsychology, this work examines natural elements in the films Papicha (2019) and Clair Obscur (2016) and the psychological effects ensuing a nature experience. Papicha (2019) directed by Mounia Meddour tells the story of Nejdma who struggles to achieve her dream as a fashion designer in a demanding society. Likewise, Chenaz and Elmas in Clair Obscur (2016) defy society in their way to regain their independent autonomous selves. Although from two different cinematic traditions, the former Algerian and the latter Turkish, the films provide an audio-visual experience that traces the main characters’ state of mind before and post nature exposure and their journeys towards self-discovery and empowerment. The emphasis on solely female protagonists, in addition to nature, promotes feminist ecopsychological thinking. It provides an opportunity to explore feminist perspectives by highlighting the connection between women and nature portrayed through these female protagonists' experiences. The Emphasis on Female Protagonists in Both Films not only Aligns with Ecopsychology but also Promotes Ecofeminist Thinking.
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Nunes, Pedro Henrique Araujo, Cristiane Vitória Ribeiro da Silva, Carlos Vinícius Teixeira Palhares, Gleisy Kelly Neves Gonçalves, and Carmeci Maria de Lourdes Freitas. "Nonviolent Communication and its effects on the caregiver-elderly relationship: A literature review." In III SEVEN INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF HEALTH. Seven Congress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/homeiiisevenhealth-073.
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Communication can be defined as the action or effect of communicating, transmitting, or receiving ideas, knowledge; is the ability or capacity to establish a dialogue, an understanding (AURÉLIO, 2020). The intrinsic connection between human beings and the communication process is of significant relevance. By language and expression, communication performs essential functions in several domains, including social interactions, cognitive development, cultural preservation, education, coordination of collective activities and manifestation of creativity. Additionally, communication serves as the foundation for our cultural identity, consolidates our interpersonal bonds and drives the advancement of society. A conception denoted by the growing relevance attributed to the concept of communication and the subsequent increase in research in this domain, and which have their roots in the intrinsic nature of the human being, that seeks to establish communicative interactions to promote harmonious global development.
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Nur, Ahmet, and Nur Sabah Nur. "The Effects of Electric Vehicles on the Carbon Footprint in Türkiye." In 3rd International Congress on Engineering and Life Science. Prensip Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61326/icelis.2023.14.
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While human beings carry out many activities to continue their lives, they also pollute the nature in which they live. The negative effects of the result of this natural pollution are also first experienced by human beings. One of the negative effects that has become increasingly important in recent years is global warming. With the industrial revolution, carbon dioxide (CO2) gas, the amount of which has increased exponentially every year, is the biggest component of the greenhouse gas that causes global warming. Combustion is the most important factor in air pollution. Combustion events can be of natural origin such as forest fires, vegetation fires, volcanoes. Combustion events can also be caused by domestic heating, industrial activities, and motor vehicle use. The carbon footprint is used to indicate the amount of greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere in terms of carbon dioxide equivalent. As a result of the activities of individuals and organizations, such as energy consumption and transportation, direct or indirect carbon emissions occur. In many countries of the world and in Türkiye, the most increasing footprint is caused by carbon. Countries sign agreements with organizations such as the Kyoto Protocol to reduce the impact of greenhouse gases. To reduce fuel consumption and reduce the gases released by fossil fuel vehicles to the environment, vehicles with electric vehicle technology have started to take their place on the roads today. In this study, information about internal combustion engine vehicles and electric vehicles is given. Then, the effects of electric vehicles on the carbon footprint in Türkiye are examined and suggestions are made.
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Ranthunga, R. G. S. M., K. V. Wanigasekara, and S. V. Udayakumara. "Dyeing of Cotton Fabric with a Natural Dye Extracted from Areca Concinna Peel." In ERU Symposium 2021. Engineering Research Unit (ERU), University of Moratuwa, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/eru.2021.2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In modern world, most of the countries tend to use the eco-friendly concept in many industries to minimize environmental pollution [1]. Synthetic dyes that are used in the textile industry offer more unfavourable and harmful effect to human beings such as carcinogenic, health-hazardous like skin allergies, toxic etc. And also, there is no systematic way to dispose of synthetic waste in the environment. So that it can be harmful to the ecosystem [2]. Therefore, the world tends to use natural dyes instead of synthetic dyes. Natural dyes have many advantages than synthetic dyes such as non-carcinogenic, eco-friendly, non-allergic, non-hazardous to human beings, etc. Natural dyes are mainly extracted from three different sources such as minerals, plants, and insects. Among these, plants are the most abundantly used natural dye source to extract dyes [3]. The main objective of this study was to extract natural dye from areca concinna peels and use extracted dye to dyeing the cotton fabrics.
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Pazmino, Ana Veronica. "Alexander Von Humboldt: the planet as a natural set moved by internal forces." In ENSUS2023 - XI Encontro de Sustentabilidade em Projeto. Grupo de Pesquisa Virtuhab/UFSC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29183/2596-237x.ensus2023.v11.n3.p101-112.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article is a reflection based on the review of the book “La invention de la Naturaleza: El nuevo mundo de Alexander Von Humboldt'' by Andrea Wulf. The text shows that Humboldt was the first scientist to develop a new vision of the world and that his publication “El ensayo sobre la geografía de las plantas” was the first ecologist book. In 1800 he was the first scientist to mention human-caused climate change and that it could have unforeseeable consequences for future generations. His important influence on the greatest thinkers, artists and scientists of the time, such as: Thomas Jefferson, Charles Darwin, Henry David Thoreau, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, among others, shows the need to know the path of the scientist in the 19th century and reflect on the lack of interest, knowledge and firm sustainability actions in the 20th and 21st centuries in which the media shows year after year the action of nature through rains, landslides causing “destruction”. As a result, the article points out the errors in society's perception of the effects of human beings on the environment.
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Silveira Dias, José. "Symbiosis Design: An Interdisciplinary Methodology." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001370.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Thinking conceptually on what is tangible results in ideas that feed cycles of thought. This incremental continuum gives rise to a reflection on the current crisis of temporal dispersion.Creativity can be continuously stimulated through life-long learning. When exploring societal active methodologies within teaching and learning processes, Design is an interdisciplinary subject aided by: Artificial Intelligence in rethinking the positioning that humans conquered as conscious beings, but which underestimates nature and fails to recognize its dependency on other species; User-centered Psychotherapy and Spatial Interaction towards strategies for emotions and mind impulses which correspond to societal behaviors; Social Sciences in the context of Landscapes and Territorial Dynamics; Bionics and Mimetics reformulating technology through Nature as a model; Human Factors Engineering in the investigation of the cognitive system in the adequacy of physical and digital agents. It is projected consolidate the design of the procedural spiral in the design orientation of a methodology for the Design that leads the memory in anticipation to the retroactive effect of the knowledge that will operationalize responsible creative contents, aiming at the expansion of a remembrance against the forgetfulness of the human being to care Mother Earth.The intention to develop and validate this societal active methodology started from a model (4Xself) elaborated in the context of the PhD that, with the guidance of the respective Practical Assignments Guide, intends to guide a Symbiosis Proto-Methodology. This model was applied in 2019/20 and 2020/21 with students, and preliminary conclusions have already been reached in the scope of SPIRAL project. This project aligns with the 4th SDG on education, specifically target goal 4.7, as we aim to contribute to the SDGs defined by the UN in a transversal way with the methodology. We aspire to achieve acceptance of concepts and practices that integrate the research questions: How to create and implement a Symbiosis methodology that promotes interdisciplinary, sustainable, and ethically committed design processes? How can this methodology consolidate its meaning as a catalyst and aggregator system for acting in the Design process, guaranteeing the benefit of the agents involved?The expected outcomes of this project result from exploring different media channels to disseminate and implement Symbiosis’s proto-methodology whose expertise promote the crossing of knowledge in the respective areas and interactive practices in education, training in companies, in entrepreneurship and professionalization, ensuring the following principles: be transversal to the values and mission of the methodology for a more qualitative strategy in teaching; supporting a transition to information glocalization; reflect on Education as a learning channel for all; encourage a shared responsibility among everyone involved in the design process guaranteeing code of conduct; develop an operational methodology with and for society through Co-design and Participatory Design to better qualify individuals in society and this as a social collectively; improving training methodologies in education through interdisciplinarity and participatory learning; be enrolled in the ECO triangulation in which the Social, Economic and Ecological aspects are marked out between the poles Perception/Production and Nature/Culture in the domains of Design, Art, Science and Engineering
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Xin, ZHAO, LI Yan, DING Li, Zhang LuDan, Zhang WenBo, and Zhu ZhaoWei. "Probe into the Methods of Flight Training Based on Special Flight Environment." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/10014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
With the changing nature of modern warfare, warfighters have to equip with agile fighting skills and robust psychological qualities. Only by staying calm and being unruffled when facing complicated circumstances, can they give full play to the skills learned during training or save the plane in emergencies. This article is against such background to probe into the methods of flight training based on special flight environment. 10 participants were selected in this experiment. The FSX was used and a retired FT-6 was adapted as the cockpit, the training scheme had been set out. With respect to three certain special flight environments, tasks scenes had been selected from FSX. Meanwhile, the heart rate amplitude was recorded, and the scales of state anxiety conducted before and after training were investigated. By analyzing the 10 subjects' physiological and psychological data, the conclusions had been drawn as follows: (a) the effects of training reflected more on the relief of the psychological anxiety; (b) a decline in psychological levels of anxiety had more effect on task-performing efficiency; (c) in the special fight environment, a certain degree of physiological arousal combined with a decline of anxiety had made the participants complete the tasks more successfully.
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Durac, Livia. "Aesthetics and Creativity. Identity Configurations." In World Lumen Congress 2021, May 26-30, 2021, Iasi, Romania. LUMEN Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/wlc2021/21.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Reflecting on human attitude towards reality, together with deciphering the emotional code that accompanies it, has configured - in time – the aesthetic universe, open to human reflection, creation, and evaluation. Aesthetics appears through the way in which consciousness reacts and capitalises upon things in nature and society, or which belong to human subjectivity, including on artistic work, which have an effect on sensitiveness due to their harmony, balance and grandeur. As a fundamental attribute of the human being, creativity is the engine of cultural evolution, meaning the degree of novelty that man brings in his ideas, actions, and creations. Aesthetical values, together with the other types of values, contribute to what society represents and to what it can become, hence motivating human action and creation. Their role is to create a state of mind that encourages the cohesion, cooperation, and mutual understanding of the society. Integrating a chronological succession of the evolution of the concepts that objectify its structure, its aesthetics and creativity, this article stresses the synergetic nature of the two dimensions of human personality, paving the way to beauty, as a form of enchantment of the human spirit.
Звіти організацій з теми "Nature Effect of human beings on"
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Schoonover, Rod, and Dan Smith. Five Urgent Questions on Ecological Security. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/xatc1489.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The increasing pressure of ecological disruption on people and on security means that ideas and policy on peace and security must increasingly address the need for ecological security. This paper poses five research questions concerning: (a) amplification of anti-microbial resistance (patho-gens that are increasingly drug-resistant); (b) the physiological consequences of pollution; (c) the loss of nature’s con-tribution to people’s well-being; (d) local and regional eco-logical tipping points; and (e) detri-mental organisms and pro-cesses that thrive in the rapidly changing planet. Each question has a human health dimension, with likely socio-economic impacts and effects on behaviour, as well as potential effects on security and political stability. Under-standing these issues is essential if appropriate responses are to be developed. More research is needed in both the natural and the social sciences, with interdisciplinary work that is in close contact with the policy world. The situation is urgent and policy responses cannot wait until all the answers are known and uncertainty has been fully eliminated.
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Jones, David, Roy Cook, John Sovell, Matt Ley, Hannah Shepler, David Weinzimmer, and Carlos Linares. Natural resource condition assessment: Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2301822.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The National Park Service (NPS) Natural Resource Condition Assessment (NRCA) Program administered by the NPS Water Resources Division evaluates current conditions for important natural resources and resource indicators using primarily existing information and data. NRCAs also report on trends in resource condition, when possible, identify critical data gaps, and characterize a general level of confidence for study findings. This NRCA complements previous scientific endeavors, is multi-disciplinary in scope, employs a hierarchical indicator framework, identifies and develops reference conditions/values for comparison against current conditions, and emphasizes spatial evaluation of conditions where possible. Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial (LIBO) was authorized by an act of Congress on February 19, 1962, (Public Law 87-407) to preserve the site associated with the boyhood and family of President Abraham Lincoln, including a portion of the original Tom Lincoln farm and the nearby gravesite of Nancy Hanks Lincoln. The 200-acre memorial commemorates the pioneer farm where Abraham Lincoln lived from the age of 7 to 21. The NRCA for LIBO employed a scoping process involving Colorado State University, LIBO and other NPS staffs to establish the NRCA framework, identify important park resources, and gather existing information and data. Indicators and measures for each resource were then identified and evaluated. Data and information were analyzed and synthesized to provide summaries and address condition, trend and confidence using a standardized but flexible framework. A total of nine focal resources were examined: four addressing system and human dimensions, one addressing chemical and physical attributes, and four addressing biological attributes. The quality and currentness of data used for the evaluation varied by resource. Landscape context ? system and human dimensions included land cover and land use, natural night skies, soundscape, and climate change. Climate change and land cover/land use were not assigned a condition or trend?they provide important context to the memorial and many natural resources and can be stressors. Some of the land cover and land use-related stressors at LIBO and in the larger region are related to the development of rural land and increases in population/housing over time. The trend in land development, coupled with the lack of significantly sized and linked protected areas, presents significant challenges to the conservation of natural resources of LIBO to also include natural night skies, natural sounds and scenery. Climate change is happening and is affecting resources, but is not considered good or bad per se. The information synthesized in that section is useful in examining potential trends in the vulnerability of sensitive resources and broad habitat types such as forests. Night skies and soundscapes, significantly altered by disturbance due to traffic, development and urbanization, warrant significant and moderate concern, respectively, and appear to be in decline. Air quality was the sole resource supporting chemical and physical environment at the memorial. The condition of air quality can affect human dimensions of the park such as visibility and scenery as well as biological components such as the effect of ozone levels on vegetation health. Air quality warrants significant concern and is largely impacted by historical and current land uses outside the memorial boundary. The floral biological component was examined by assessing native species composition, Mean Coefficient of Conservation, Floristic Quality Assessment Index, invasive exotic plants, forest pests and disease, and forest vulnerability to climate change. Vegetation resources at LIBO have been influenced by historical land uses that have changed the species composition and age structure of these communities. Although large tracts of forests can be found surrounding the park, the majority of forested areas are fragmented, and few areas within and around LIBO exhibit late-successional or old-growth characteristics. Vegetation communities at LIBO have a long history of being impacted by a variety of stressors and threats including noxious and invasive weeds, diseases and insect pests; compounding effects of climate change, air pollution, acid rain/atmospheric chemistry, and past land uses; and impacts associated with overabundant white-tail deer populations. These stressors and threats have collectively shaped and continue to impact plant community condition and ecological succession. The sole metric in good condition was native species composition, while all other indicators and metrics warranted either moderate or significant concern. The faunal biological components examined included birds, herptiles, and mammals. Birds (unchanging trend) and herptiles (no trend determined) warrant moderate concern, while mammal populations warrant significant concern (no trend determined). The confidence of both herptiles and mammals was low due to length of time since data were last collected. Current forest structure within and surrounding LIBO generally reflects the historical overstory composition but changes in the hardwood forest at LIBO and the surrounding area have resulted in declines in the avian fauna of the region since the 1970s. The decline in woodland bird populations has been caused by multiple factors including the conversion of hardwood forest to other land cover types, habitat fragmentation, and increasing human population growth. The identification of data gaps during the course of the assessment is an important NRCA outcome. Resource-specific details are presented in each resource section. In some cases, significant data gaps contributed to the resource not being evaluated or low confidence in the condition or trend being assigned to a resource. Primary data gaps and uncertainties encountered were lack of recent survey data, uncertainties regarding reference conditions, availability of consistent long-term data, and the need for more robust or sensitive sampling designs. Impacts associated with development outside the park will continue to stress some resources. Regionally, the direct and indirect effects of climate change are likely but specific outcomes are uncertain. Nonetheless, within the past several decades, some progress has been made toward restoring the quality of natural resources within the park, most notably the forested environments. Regional and park-specific mitigation and adaptation strategies are needed to maintain or improve the condition of some resources over time. Success will require acknowledging a ?dynamic change context? that manages widespread and volatile problems while confronting uncertainties, managing natural and cultural resources simultaneously and interdependently, developing disciplinary and interdisciplinary knowledge, and establishing connectivity across broad landscapes beyond park borders.
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Zhylenko, Tetyana I., Ivan S. Koziy, Vladyslav S. Bozhenko, and Irina A. Shuda. Using a web application to realize the effect of AR in assessing the environmental impact of emissions source. [б. в.], November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4408.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Revolutionary technologies of nowadays are virtual and augmented reality. Humanity's concern for nature may be affected by their ability to combine reality with the simulated effects of human impact on the environment. An urgent task today is creating software applications to assess the impact of human activities on the environment. Recently, most scientists have been trying to model the impact of various factors on environmental change today and for decades using information technology. Visual models are very impressive and they also make a deep impression on the psychological state of the person. This forces people to use natural resources wisely. In this article we have considered the sequential process of building and implementing models for assessing the impact of pollutants from a stationary emission source. We have created a software product that helps to show visually how the emissions of a chemical plant are spreading to the surrounding city. The harmfulness to the city of the cloud into which emissions are converted can also be calculated by the program. We have implemented a number of functions responsible for emission modeling, taking into account different conditions.
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Walz, Yvonne, Florence Nick, Oscar Higuera Roa, Udo Nehren, and Zita Sebesvari. Coherence and Alignment among Sustainable Land Management, Ecosystem-based Adaptation, Ecosystem-based Disaster Risk Reduction and Nature-based Solutions. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/mwgp9896.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Approaches integrating environmental management practices have been gaining importance in recent years. Sustainable Land Management (SLM), Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA), Ecosystem-based disaster Risk Reduction (Eco-DRR) and Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are widely applied approaches that tackle certain drivers of challenges such as food insecurity, water scarcity, decline in biodiversity and threats to livelihoods, while also considering both human well-being and ecosystem functions and services. Better understanding the similarities, differences and relationships between these approaches helps to improve efficiency in implementation and leverage synergies. By shedding more light on where these approaches align, investments in land-based solutions in response to different types of environmental challenges can be more effectively designed to achieve multiple targets. In response to the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) decision 19/COP.14 paragraph 4, the main objective of this report is to understand and elaborate upon the characteristics of SLM, EbA, Eco-DRR and NbS. The report begins with an overview of the historical backgrounds and origins of SLM, EbA, Eco-DRR and NbS. Despite differences in their specific goals and targeted benefits, all approaches aim for the support of biodiversity, land-based ecosystems and ecosystem services and functions, and employ measures to conserve, restore and sustainably use land to support ecosystem services and functions, including SLM technologies. Furthermore, irrespective of their different goals, the projects developed under any approach can generate comparable co-benefits, especially due to their support of biodiversity. The capacity for all these approaches to deliver multiple co-benefits means that projects of each approach can directly contribute to implementing the specific goals of the other approaches as well. Thus, multiple global and national targets, frameworks, strategies and conventions which call for the implementation of one or more of these approaches, can benefit from this report by avoiding duplication and reducing the overall investments necessary to achieve the set targets and goals. This is critical for achieving the ambitious Agenda 2030, including voluntary land degradation neutrality (LDN) targets and climate action under the Paris Agreement. It will also be the case for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework currently under development. The added value that will come from optimizing the links among these approaches extends from national policymakers to the practitioners of SLM, EbA and Eco-DRR projects, which all share the ultimate goal of sustainable development. To capture the coherence and alignment among these approaches, their similarities and differences have been summarized in a conceptual framework. The framework has been designed to help practitioners understand the specific goals of each approach, and to link these to the relevant global and national targets, frameworks, strategies and conventions, which can support monitoring and evaluation as well as reporting processes. The synergies among these approaches are further illustrated based on three case studies in order to demonstrate opportunities for leveraging multiple co-benefits and targets at implementation level irrespective of the different objectives under each. The results of this assessment demonstrate that activities under one approach can be beneficial to achieve the specific goals of other approaches with little additional effort. It is essential for policymakers, project developers and practitioners to recognize that. This is key to the achievement of sustainable development.
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Lafrancois, Toben, Mark Hove, and Jay Glase. Zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) distribution in Apostle Islands National Lakeshore: SCUBA-based search and removal efforts: 2019–2020. National Park Service, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293376.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Invasive zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) were first observed in situ at Apostle Islands National Lakeshore (APIS) in 2015. This report builds on 2018 SCUBA surveys and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) veliger sampling to: 1) determine whether shoals on APIS borders act as sentinel sites to corroborate veliger drift hypotheses about invasion pathways, 2) evaluate ongoing hand-removal of zebra mussels from easily identified structures, and 3) continue efforts to assess native unionid mussel populations, particularly where zebra mussels are also present. Standard catch per unit effort survey methods by SCUBA teams were used to determine the distribution and relative abundance of zebra or quagga mussels (dreissenids) and native mussels (unionids). Zebra mussels were present at densities between 3 and 42 n/diver/hr (number of mussels per diver per hour), while native unionids were present at densities between 5 and 72 n/diver/hr. Shoal surveys (Eagle Island shoal, Sand Island shoal, York Island shoal, Bear Island shoal, Oak Island shoal, and Gull Island shoal) showed zebra mussels were more abundant on the west side of APIS and absent on the easternmost shoal (Gull Island), corroborating veliger work by the EPA that suggested drift from the Twin Ports of Duluth, Minnesota, and Superior, Wisconsin, is one pathway of invasion. Our results support the use of shallow shoals along the periphery of the park as sentinel sites gauging zebra mussel immigration and population dynamics. Zebra mussel densities in the central islands showed no obvious spatial pattern, and this survey cannot determine whether currents or human transport (or both) are invasion vectors. Given the mussels’ continued presence at heavily used mooring areas and docks where there are no zebra mussels on nearby natural features (e.g., Rocky Island dock, Stockton Island mooring areas), our findings are consistent with multiple invasion pathways (drift from the Twin Ports and anthropogenic sources at mooring areas). SCUBA search and removal of zebra mussels from docks was confirmed to be an effective method for significantly lowering the risk of zebra mussels reproducing and dispersing from these locations. We caution that this work is being done on what look like initial invasions at low densities. Repeated removal of zebra mussels by divers reduced numbers to zero at some sites after one year (South Twin docks, Stockton Island NPS docks, and the Ottawa wreck) or decreased numbers by an order of magnitude (Rocky Island docks). Dreissenid densities were more persistent on the Sevona wreck and longer-term work is required to evaluate removal versus recruitment (local and/or veliger drift). Given the size of the wreck, we have tracked detailed survey maps to guide future efforts. Zebra mussels were again observed attached to native mussels near Stockton Island and South Twin Island. Their continued presence on sensitive native species is of concern. Native unionid mussels were more widely distributed in the park than previously known, with new beds found near Oak and Basswood Islands. The work reported here will form the basis for continued efforts to determine the optimal frequency of zebra mussel removal for effective control, as well as evaluate impacts on native species.
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Feldman, Moshe, Eitan Millet, Calvin O. Qualset, and Patrick E. McGuire. Mapping and Tagging by DNA Markers of Wild Emmer Alleles that Improve Quantitative Traits in Common Wheat. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7573081.bard.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The general goal was to identify, map, and tag, with DNA markers, segments of chromosomes of a wild species (wild emmer wheat, the progenitor of cultivated wheat) determining the number, chromosomal locations, interactions, and effects of genes that control quantitative traits when transferred to a cultivated plant (bread wheat). Slight modifications were introduced and not all objectives could be completed within the human and financial resources available, as noted with the specific objectives listed below: 1. To identify the genetic contribution of each of the available wild emmer chromosome-arm substitution lines (CASLs) in the bread wheat cultivar Bethlehem for quantitative traits, including grain yield and its components and grain protein concentration and yield, and the effect of major loci affecting the quality of end-use products. [The quality of end-use products was not analyzed.] 2. To determine the extent and nature of genetic interactions (epistatic effects) between and within homoeologous groups 1 and 7 for the chromosome arms carrying "wild" and "cultivated" alleles as expressed in grain and protein yields and other quantitative traits. [Two experiments were successful, grain protein concentration could not be measured; data are partially analyzed.] 3. To derive recombinant substitution lines (RSLs) for the chromosome arms of homoeologous groups 1 and 7 that were found previously to promote grain and protein yields of cultivated wheat. [The selection of groups 1 and 7 tons based on grain yield in pot experiments. After project began, it was decided also to derive RSLs for the available arms of homoeologous group 4 (4AS and 4BL), based on the apparent importance of chromosome group 4, based on early field trials of the CASLs.] 4. To characterize the RSLs for quantitative traits as in objective 1 and map and tag chromosome segments producing significant effects (quantitative trait loci, QTLs by RFLP markers. [Producing a large population of RSLs for each chromosome arm and mapping them proved more difficult than anticipated, low numbers of RSLs were obtained for two of the chromosome arms.] 5. To construct recombination genetic maps of chromosomes of homoeologous groups 1 and 7 and to compare them to existing maps of wheat and other cereals [Genetic maps are not complete for homoeologous groups 4 and 7.] The rationale for this project is that wild species have characteristics that would be valuable if transferred to a crop plant. We demonstrated the sequence of chromosome manipulations and genetic tests needed to confirm this potential value and enhance transfer. This research has shown that a wild tetraploid species harbors genetic variability for quantitative traits that is interactive and not simply additive when introduced into a common genetic background. Chromosomal segments from several chromosome arms improve yield and protein in wheat but their effect is presumably enhanced when combination of genes from several segments are integrated into a single genotype in order to achieve the benefits of genes from the wild species. The interaction between these genes and those in the recipient species must be accounted for. The results of this study provide a scientific basis for some of the disappointing results that have historically obtained when using wild species as donors for crop improvement and provide a strategy for further successes.